RADIAO E ENERGIA SOLAR

2010/2011

Carlos da Camara

cdcamara@fc.ul.pt


Gabinete 8.3.04

LIVRO ADOPTADO
AULA TERICA 1

13/09/2010

Balano Radiativo do Globo
Balano Radiativo do Globo
Balano Radiativo do Globo
AULA TERICA 2

16/09/2010

Constelao de Satlites
Acidentes de percurso da REM
Modelo Ondulatrio
v c =

c
v =
v
c
=
Espectro Electromagntico
Modelo Corpuscular
Modelo Corpuscular
v
c
=
v h
c h
=
Q
c h
=
Q
c h
=
v h Q =
AULA TERICA 3

20/09/2010

ngulo plano e ngulo slido
ngulo plano

ngulo slido

O ngulo slido subtendido por uma
superfcie definido como a rea da
superfcie de uma esfera de raio
unitrio coberta pela projeco da
superfcie sobre a esfera.
l
r
u =
2
A
R
O =
AULA TERICA 4

23/09/2010

AULA TERICA 5

23/09/2010

AULA TERICA 6

27/09/2010

AULA TERICA 7

30/09/2010

Vector unitrio
Vector unitrio
ng. slido e Coord. Esfricas
d|
du
u
|
r

2
r
dA
d = e
2
( )( sin )
sin
dA r d r d
r d d
u u |
u u |
=
=
2
sin
dA
d d d
r
e u u | = =
| ud d cos =
sin r u
AULA TERICA 8

11/10/2010

Radincia

u
=
dA d
d
L
e
Irradincia
dA
u
de
) , ( e x L
x
}
O
=
u
= e u e d x L
dA
d
x E cos ) , ( ) (
Lei do inverso do quadrado
2
4 r
E
t
u
=
Lei de Lambert
A
E
u
=
A
E
u cos u
=
Radincia vs. Irradincia
Radiance
Environment Map
Irradiance
Environment Map
R N
( , ) L u ( , ) E u
Intensidade
}
=
u
=
A
dA x L
d
d
I u e
e
e cos ) , ( ) (
Fluxo
} }
= u
A
dAd x L e u e
e
cos ) , (
Uma lmpada de 60W
significa que, a cada
segundo, passam
60J de energia
atravs do vidro.
Grandezas radiomtricas
Quantity Sym
bol
SI unit Abbr. Notes
Radiant energy Q joule J energy
Radiant flux watt W radiant energy per unit time, also called
radiant power
Radiant intensity I watt per steradian Wsr
1
power per unit solid angle
Radiance L watt per steradian per square metre Wsr
1
m
2
power per unit solid angle per unit projected
source area.

Sometimes confusingly called "intensity".
Irradiance E, I watt per square metre Wm
2
power incident on a surface.

Sometimes confusingly called "intensity".
Radiant exitance / Radiant
emittance
M watt per square metre Wm
2
power emitted from a surface.
Radiosity J or J watt per square metre Wm
2
emitted plus reflected power leaving a surface
Spectral radiance L
or
L
watt per steradian per metre
3
or

watt per steradian per square metre
per hertz
Wsr
1
m
3

or

Wsr
1
m
2

Hz
1

commonly measured in Wsr
1
m
2
nm
1

Spectral irradiance E
or
E
watt per metre
3
or
watt per square metre per hertz
Wm
3

or
Wm
2
Hz
1

commonly measured in Wm
2
nm
1

Intensidade
Podemos aumentar a intensidade de uma
lmpada cobrindo-a parcialmente com
uma tinta espelhada que force mais
fotes (alguns deles reflectidos) a pasar
atravs de um ngulo slido mais
pequeno.
Lei de Planck
Emisso e absoro
Nveis de energia no tomo de Hidrognio
Transies rotacionais
Modos vibracionais
Transies rotacionais-vibracionais
How is emissivity computed?
By the Vegetation Cover Method
(VCM)
By physical methods (e.g. the
Two-Temperature method, the
Day-Night Algorithm, etc.)
By combining the Generalized
Split Window (GSW) and the Two-
Temperature Method (TTM)
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
VCM
c
i
= c
iv
(1-FVC) + c
ig
(1-FVC)
Emissivity Values
(Laboratory Measurements: JHU)
Dynamic information
(FVC)
Static information
(Land Cover)
+ +
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
GSW
+ +
TTM
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
GSW vs. TTM
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Synergy of GSW with TTM
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Why is emissivity difficult to
validate?
there is no network of ground-based
measurements of LSE;
due to the mismatch between ground
point measurements (~ cm) and
satellite resolution (~ km), validation
at the scale of the pixel may not be
feasible if solely based on a direct
comparison with in-situ point
measurements.
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Validation of synergy GSW-TTM
Validation of a Temperature Emissivity
Separation Hybrid Method from
Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner Data and
Ground Measurements in the
SEN2FLEX Field Campaign
Peres, Leonardo; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - Centro
de Previso de Tempo e Estudos Climticos, Diviso de Satlites e
Sistemas Ambientais; Univesity of Lisbon, CGUL, IDL
Sobrino, Jos; University of Valencia, Thermodynamics
Libonati, Renata; Univesity of Lisbon, CGUL, IDL; Instituto Nacional
de Pesquisas Espaciais - Centro de Previso de Tempo e Estudos
Climticos, Diviso de Satlites e Sistemas Ambientais
Jimenez, Juan Carlos; University of Valencia, Thermodynamics
DaCamara, Carlos; Univesity of Lisbon, CGUL, IDL
Romaguera, Mireia; University of Valencia, Thermodynamics
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Validation of synergy GSW-TTM
L13 < === > grass
WB < === > water
W1 < === > wheat
BS7 < === > bare soil
SC1 < === > corn
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Validation of synergy GSW-TTM
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
GSW TTM
Validation of synergy GSW-TTM
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Validation of synergy GSW-TTM
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Validation of synergy GSW-TTM
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Validation of emissivity
July 2006 MOD11C3
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Validation of emissivity
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Validation of emissivity
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Validation of emissivity
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September
Validation of emissivity
Bare
Rock
Stony
Desert
Sandy
Desert
Bare
Rock
83 055 27 270 488
Stony
Desert
29 619 94 088 16 290
Sandy
Desert
130 11 096 38816
G
L
C
2
0
0
0

Emissivity
Obs. agreement: = 0.72
Chance agreement = 0.37
K = 0.55
2008 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Darmstadt, 08-12 September