Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
0, we say that a is non-singular
and we define ind a, as the index of the curve
corresponding toa, relative tothe origin.
In fact, the pre-symbol a admits @ generalized
factorization relative to Ly(R) iff a is non-singular and,
in this case, ind ag (cf. [3,2] }. This provides a simple
necessary and sufficient condition for the operator T, to
be Fredholi or invertible),
Ifa is non-singular, the factors a, and ay in (10) can
be obtained through the identities
(in ay)
4,0 explO+ Py GE)
(nay) 17 naga)
@_(= explit~) yp — | = ax} 14)
xi meee
where
agai=atn( =)
lig lo-s
Py=ZUFS,) Qy=ZU-S_) HUD
‘Once these factors are known we can determine the
inverse operator (Ty), as indicated in (11),
Returning now to equation (1), let us show that it ean
be reduced to a Wiener-Hopf equation in Lo(R*),
whatever the interval J may be.
In the case where J=R*, the equivalence is obvious.
Considering (7), it can easily be verified that the
operator in the left-hand side of equation (1) can be
represented as in (4), with a(t)=-sgn t. Since its symbol
fa, corresponds in the complex plane to the segment of
straight line connecting the points 2=-1 and z= +1, we
immediately deduce that the operator is Fredholm (and
invertible) if A€|-1,1]. The explicit solution of eq, (1) ean
be obtained as we shall see in the following section.
As to the case where J is a finite interval, it is enough
to consider J=10,1], Since
¥:L,10,11+L,(8*)
(on sept) olepl—9) te R*
is an isometric isomorphism from La{0,1] onto La(R*),
the singular integral operator Sy defined in Ly(J) by
Ly fe
s,po-+{ Bae wen 08
i dy xt
may be identified with the operator
M=aYS,¥~!:Ly(R*) 1,8)
(19)
explt/2—0) 5
ee
T= expe
Now, since M can be written in the form M="T,, with,
a(t)=th(nt), t€R, equation (1) is equivalent to an
equation in L2(R+), of the form
Técnica -1/91with a(t) =A+ thin).
Asa final remark, notice that a similar method can be
used to reduce equations of the form
ro- 2] fa
wily
peer ee tesacact)
toa Wiener-Hopf equation in La(R+),
3. Example : Solution of a Singular
Integral Equation in R+
Let us consider the equation
1
wort, Baan sent 00
Tif=e ,a(=A—sgnt ay
Assuming A¢{-1,1], @ admits a canonical generalized
factorization a=a.a4 where the factors a_and ay can be
obtained from the identities (13) and (14)
From (13) we have
(22)
ep (ian)(—it)*
where
with
log 2=In|d-tiargz — ,—nSarg2