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Tpicos Parte 1
Tpicos Parte 2
TENSES
CARREGAMENTOS VINCULAES
FUNDAMENTOS DA ANLISE DE ESTRUTURAS
RESISTNCIA RIGIDEZ
DURABILIDADE ESTABILIDADE
FUNDAMENTOS DA ANLISE DE ESTRUTURAS
ELEMENTOS UNIDIMENSIONAIS
FUNDAMENTOS DA ANLISE DE ESTRUTURAS
ELEMENTOS BIDIMENSIONAIS
FUNDAMENTOS DA ANLISE DE ESTRUTURAS
ELEMENTOS TRIDIMENSIONAIS
MTODOS DE ANLISE
Mtodos Analticos
Clssicos
Mtodos Mtodos
Computacionais Experimentais
MODELOS ANALTICO
Soluo Exata
A Mecnica dos Slidos apresenta a
soluo pronta desenvolvida por equaes
diferenciais para diversas classes de
problemas
MODELOS ANALTICO
Soluo Exata
MODELOS ANALTICO
Soluo Exata
MODELOS ANALTICO
Soluo Exata
MODELOS COMPLEXOS
A IDEIA DA APROXIMAO
O NMERO P
Soluo
Aproximada
O MTODO DOS ELEMENTOS FINITOS
F = K.U
tagq = K U
ETAPAS DA ANLISE
Quais so as necessidades
Decises Preliminares
para a avaliao da estrutura?
Quais so os carregamentos,
Ps-Processamento
apoios e material ?
Interpretao de
Resultados
ETAPAS DA ANLISE
PROPRIEDADES DO
Pr-Processamento
MATERIAL
Decises Preliminares
Pr-Processamento
PROCESSAMENTO DA
Soluo
ANLISE
Ps-Processamento
Interpretao de
Resultados
ETAPAS DA ANLISE
Decises Preliminares
Pr-Processamento
VISUALIZAO DOS
Soluo
CONTORNOS
Interpretao de
GERAO DE LISTAGEM
Resultados
ETAPAS DA ANLISE
Decises Preliminares
Pr-Processamento
AVALIAO DAS
Soluo
RESPOSTAS
APLICAO DE CRITRIOS E
Ps-Processamento
NORMAS
Interpretao de
CONCLUSES
Resultados
EXEMPLO
EXEMPLO
PARTE II
iESSS ESSS INSTITUTE FOR EDUCATION,
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Tpicos Parte 2
Training Manual
Frictionless surface
Training Manual
Training Manual
Training Manual
Acceleration:
Acts on entire model in length/time2 units.
Acceleration can be defined by Components or Vector.
Body will move in the opposite direction of the applied acceleration.
Standard Earth Gravity:
Value applied coincides with selected unit system.
Standard Earth Gravity direction is defined along one of three global or local coordinate
system axes.
Body will move in the same direction of the applied gravity.
Rotational velocity:
Entire model rotates about an axis at a given rate.
Define by vector or component method.
Input can be in radians per second (default) or RPM.
Training Manual
Pressure loading:
Applied to surfaces, acts normal to the surface.
Positive value into surface, negative value acts out of surface.
Units of pressure are in force per area.
Force loading:
Forces can be applied on vertices, edges, or surfaces.
The force will be evenly distributed on all entities. Units are mass*length/time2.
Force can be defined via vector or component methods.
Training Manual
Hydrostatic Pressure :
Applies a linearly varying load to a surface (solid or shell) to mimic
fluid force acting on the structure.
Fluid may be contained or external.
User specifies:
Magnitude and direction of acceleration.
Fluid Density.
Coordinate system representing the free surface of the
fluid.
For Shells, a Top/Bottom face option is provided.
Internal External
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary May 5, 2009
2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 4-44 Inventory #002593
Static Structural Analysis
Training Manual
Training Manual
Moment Loading :
For solid bodies moments can be applied on a surface only.
If multiple surfaces are selected, the moment load is evenly distributed.
Vector or component method can be employed using the right hand rule.
For surface bodies a moment can be applied to a vertex, edge or surface.
Units of moment are in Force*length.
Training Manual
Example: 10 inch beam with a 1 lbf remote force scoped to the end of the beam.
Remote force is located 20 inches from the fixed support.
F=1 lbf
20
Moment Reaction
Training Manual
Bolt Pretension:
Applies a pretension load to a cylindrical section using:
Pretension load (force)
OR
Adjustment (length)
For body loading a local coordinate system is required (preload in z direction).
Automatic two loadstep solution:
LS1: pretension load, boundary conditions and contact conditions are applied.
LS2: relative motion of the pretension section is fixed and external loads are applied.
For sequenced loading additional options are available (see next page)
Training Manual
2
4
3
Bolt Load Tips:
3D simulations only.
1 Cylindrical surfaces or bodies only.
A refined mesh is recommended (at least 2 elements
in axial direction).
Training Manual
Training Manual
Fixed Support :
Constraints all degrees of freedom on vertex, edge, or surface
Solid bodies: constrains x, y, and z
Surface and line bodies: constrains x, y, z, rotx, roty and
rotz
Given Displacement :
Applies known displacement on vertex, edge, or surface
Allows for imposed translational displacement in x, y, and z (in
user-defined Coordinate System)
Entering 0 means that the direction is constrained, leaving
the direction blank means the direction is free.
Elastic Support :
Allows faces/edges to deform according to a spring behavior.
Foundation stiffness is the pressure required to produce unit
normal deflection of the foundation
Training Manual
Frictionless Support:
Applies constraints (fixes) in normal direction on surfaces.
For solid bodies, this support can be used to apply a symmetry boundary condition.
Examples . . .
Fixed in radial
direction
Fixed translation
Free translation in out of plane of
plane of support support Free in tangential
and axial
directions
Training Manual
Remote Displacement:
Applies an offset support on a surface or edge of a body.
The user supplies the origin of the force (geometry or coordinates).
Training Manual
Cylindrical Support:
Provides individual control for axial, radial, or tangential constraints.
Applied on cylindrical surfaces.
Radial
Tangential
Example . . .
Axial
Training Manual
Force
Compression Only
Force
Training Manual
Simply Supported :
Can be applied on edge or vertex of surface or line bodies
Prevents all translations but all rotations are free
Fixed Rotation :
Can be applied on surface, edge, or vertex of surface or line bodies
Constrains rotations but translations are free
Training Manual
Thermal condition :
Applies a uniform temperature in a structural analysis.
Appears under Loads in structural analysis.
A reference temperature must be provided (see next slide).
Training Manual
e = e = e = a T Tref
x
th
y
th
z
th
a = thermal expansion coefficient (CTE material property).
Tref = reference temperature (thermal strains are zero).
T = applied temperature (see previous slide).
Reference temperature is defined in the environment branch (global) or as a
property of individual bodies.
Tpicos Parte 2
F = K.U
F = Matriz das foras aplicadas
K = Matriz de rigidez global da estrutura
U = Matriz dos deslocamentos nodais
F = K.U
tagq = K U
6 GDL 3 GDL
A EQUAO FUNDAMENTAL PARA ANLISE ESTTICA
RIGIDEZ
u1 u2
1 2
Caractersticas:
q Quadrada;
q Simtrica;
mola
k k 1
q Singular (det k=0);
k 1-D = q Diagonal positiva.
k k 2
kij
Efeito Causa
Fora que surge Grau de liberdade unitrio
ANLISE MATRICIAL DE ESTRUTURAS DE BARRAS
1 2 3 N-1 N
1 2 3 N-1 N
1
Caractersticas:
2 q Quadrada;
3 q Simtrica;
k= q Singular (det k=0);
q Diagonal positiva;
N-1 q Esparsa.
N
ANLISE MATRICIAL DE ESTRUTURAS DE BARRAS
Exemplo didtico
k=10000 N/m 2k k
1 2 3 4
f=450N
Ref: http://femur.wpi.edu/Learning-Modules/Stress-Analysis
ANLISE MATRICIAL DE ESTRUTURAS DE BARRAS
k 2k k
u1 =0 u
2 2
u3 u4 =0
1 4
3
mola A f2 =450N mola B f3=0 mola C
f1 =R1 f4 =R4
1 2 2 3 3 4
mola
k k 1
mola
2k 2k 2
mola
k k 3
kA = kB = kC =
k k 2 2k 2k 3
k k 4
ANLISE MATRICIAL DE ESTRUTURAS DE BARRAS
1 2 3 4
k k 0 0 1
k 3k 2k 0 2
k=
0 2k 3k k 3
0 0 k k 4
ANLISE MATRICIAL DE ESTRUTURAS DE BARRAS
f1 R1 u1 0
f2 450 u2 u2
f= = u= =
f3 0 u3 u3
f4 R4 u4 0
ANLISE MATRICIAL DE ESTRUTURAS DE BARRAS
f = ku
R1 1 1 0 0 0
450 1 3 2 0 u2
incgnitas = 10000 . . incgnitas
0 0 2 3 1 u3
R4 0 0 1 1 0
ANLISE MATRICIAL DE ESTRUTURAS DE BARRAS
F1 = k. = 10000.(0,027 0) = 270N
F2 = 20000.(0,018 0,027) = 180N
F3 = 10000.(0 0,018) = 180N
ANLISE MATRICIAL DE ESTRUTURAS DE BARRAS
k 2k k
270N 180N
u2=0,027m u3=0,018m
MATRIZ DE RGIDEZ DA
ESTRUTURA
CONDIES DE APOIO E
CARREGAMENTO
CLCULO DOS
DESLOCAMENTOS
CLCULO DOS
ESFOROS
ANLISE MATRICIAL DE ESTRUTURAS DE BARRAS
rea
Momento de Inrcia ...
2m
ELEMENTOS UNIDIMENSIONAIS
A soluo exata
FORMULAO GERAL DO MTODO
ELEMENTOS BI E TRIDIMENSIONAIS
ELEMENTOS BI E TRIDIMENSIONAIS
RELAO ENTRE OS
MATRIZ DE RGIDEZ DA DESLOCAMENTOS DO ELEMENTO E
ESTRUTURA DESLOCAMENTOS NODAIS
CLCULO DOS
DEFINIO DA MATRIZ DE RIGIDEZ
ESFOROS
FORMULAO GERAL DO MTODO
FUNO DE FORMA
1
2 GDL
X Y
X2 XY Y2
X3 X2Y XY2 Y3
X4 X3Y X2Y2 XY3 Y4
FORMULAO GERAL DO MTODO
u = C1 + C2.x + C3.y
v = C4 + C5.x + C6.y
FORMULAO GERAL DO MTODO
x y x y
u = 1 - u1 u2 u3
a b a b
x y x y
v = 1 - v1 v 2 v 3
a b a b
4
FORMULAO GERAL DO MTODO
du
tg 1 = 1 =
dy
e
dv
tg 2 = 2 =
dx
e = d .f
T
Ui = ex, y .sx, y .dV
* T
COMPARAO QUALITATIVA ENTRE OS ELEMENTOS DE EPT
1
X Y
X2 XY Y2
X3 X2Y XY2 Y3
X4 X3Y X2Y2 XY3 Y4
A gerao dos polinmios realizada com a
multiplicao dos coeficientes pelos termos da
expanso em forma descendente e centralizada
COMPARAO QUALITATIVA ENTRE OS ELEMENTOS DE EPT
1
X Y
X2 XY Y2
X3 X2Y XY2 Y3
X4 X3Y X2Y2 XY3 Y4
COMPARAO QUALITATIVA ENTRE OS ELEMENTOS DE EPT
x =
E
ex uey =
E
C2 uC6 (Constante)
1- u2 1- u2
y =
E
2
uex ey =
E
2
uC2 C6 (Constante)
1- u 1- u
E 1 u
xy = C3 C5 (Constante)
1- u2 2
COMPARAO QUALITATIVA ENTRE OS ELEMENTOS DE EPT
1
X Y
X2 XY Y2
X3 X2Y XY2 Y3
X4 X3Y X2Y2 XY3 Y4
COMPARAO QUALITATIVA ENTRE OS ELEMENTOS DE EPT
x =
dC1 C2.x C3.y C4.xy = C2 + C4.Y
dx
dC5 C6.x C7.y C8.xy = C6 + c8.x
y =
dy
x =
E
1- u 2
E
ex uey = 2 C2 C4 .y uC6 C8 .x
1- u
E E
y = 2
uex ey = 2
uC2 C4 .y C6 C8 .x
1- u 1- u
E 1 u
xy = 2 C3 C4 .x C6 C8 .y
1- u 2
COMPARAO QUALITATIVA ENTRE OS ELEMENTOS DE EPT
Concluso
Os resultados melhoram com:
Concluso
Os resultados melhoram com:
3 GDL
x = C2 (constante) xy = C3 + C6 (constante)
y = C7 (constante) xz = C4 + C10 (constante)
z = C12 (constante) yz = C8 + C11 (constante)
y = (Constante) xz = (Constante)
z = (Constante) yz = (Constante)
FORMULAO DOS ELEMENTOS SLIDOS TRIDIMENSIONAIS
FORMULAO DOS ELEMENTOS SLIDOS TRIDIMENSIONAIS
x = C2+C5.Y+C6.Z+C8.YZ
y = C11+C13.X+C15.Z+C16.XZ
z = C20+C22.X+C23.Y+C24.XY
xy = C3+C5.X+C7.Z+C8.XZ+C10+C13.Y+C14.Z+C16.YZ
xz = C4+C6.X+C7.Y+C8.XY+C18+C21.Y+C22.Z+C24.YZ
yz = C12+C14.X+C15.Y+C16.XY+C19+C21.X+C23.Z+C24.XZ
FORMULAO DOS ELEMENTOS SLIDOS TRIDIMENSIONAIS
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