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A POLITÉCNICA
Tema
Dimensionamento
Anacleto Ramiro
Belmiro Ribeiro
Elcídio Diogo
Karina Adam Hassan
Hilario Nhumaio
Timóteo Felipe Bande
1
Karina Adam Hassan
Timóteo Felipe Bande
Belmiro Ribeiro
Anacleto Ramiro
Ilcídeo Diogo
Hilario Nhumaio
Tema
Dimensionamento
2
Dados gerais das lajes
Seja dada a planta do sistema estrutural acima. Calcule as armaduras necessárias a colocar
considerando B25 e A400NR para todas as lajes e vigas. Ambiente pouco agressivo.
Para todas as lajes foram utilizadas as mesmas cargas atuantes sendo elas:
Cargas Permanentes (g):
Peso próprio da laje
Revestimento superior (cerâmica + contra piso) = 0,90kN/m²; Revestimento Inferior (argamassa)
= 0,40 kN/m²;
3
Cargas Variáveis (q):
Edifício residencial: Sc = 2,0 kN/m²
Espessura da laje(h) = 10cm = 0.1m
𝑷𝑷 = 𝜸 ∗ 𝒄 = 20*0.10 = 2.5KN/m²
4
USANDO AS TABELAS DE MARCUS
q * l * lx 2 Q * l * lx 2 Q * lx 2 * x q *l * x2
MX ; My ; KX ; q X Kx * q Xx
mx my nx nx
K x 0.620
m x 29.70
n x 12.91
m y 37.92
n y 16.48
8.7 * 3.632
MX 3.86KN m / m
29.70
8.7 * 3.632
My 3.02KN m / m
37.92
8.7 * 3.632
Xx 8.88KN m / m
12.91
8.7 * 3.632
Xy 6.96KN m / m
16.48
5
Ly = 2,70 + 0,15 = 2,85m
Lx = 2,49 + 0,15 = 2,64m
lx 2.85
1.1 < 2 Armada em cruz
ly 2.64
Kx= 0,594
mx= 31,09
nx= 13,46
my= 37,61
ny= 16,29
8.7 * 2.642
MX 1.95KN m / m
31.0
8.7 * 3.632
My 1.61KN m / m
37.69
8.7 * 2.642
Xx 4.50KN m / m
13.46
6
8.7 * 2.642
Xy 3.72KN m / m
16.29
CORTE A-A
CORTE B-B
7
ly 2.70 0.15 2.85m
lx 4.75 0.15 4,90
15cm 0.15m
lx 4.90
1.72 ˂2 Armada em cruz
ly 2.85
Kx= 0,946
mx= 27,84
nx= 12,68
my= 16,13
ny= 50,03
8.7 * 2.852
MX 2,54KN m / m
27,84
8.7 * 2.852
My 0,74KN m / m
96,13
8
8.7 * 2.852
Xx 5,57KN m / m
12,68
8.7 * 2.852
Xy 1,41KN m / m
50,03
CORTE A-A
CORTE B-B
9
Laje4
lx 4.90
1,12 ˂2 Armada em cruz
ly 4,1
Kx= 0,806
mx= 35,27
nx= 14,89
my= 58,50
ny= 28,59
8.7 * 4.12
MX 4.15KN m / m
35.27
8.7 * 4.12
My 2.50KN m / m
58.50
8.7 * 4.12
Xx 9.82KN m / m
14.89
8.7 * 4.12
Xy 5.13KN m / m
28.59
10
q X 0.806* 8.7 7.01KN / m 2
Corte A-A
Corte B-B
11
Laje 5
lx 3.73
1.31 ˂2 Armada em cruz
ly 2.85
Kx= 0.746
Mx=23.93
nx= 10.72
my= 41.06
ny= 18.39
8.7 * 2.852
MX 2.95KN m / m
23.93
8.7 * 2.852
My 1.72KN m / m
41.06
8.7 * 2.852
Xx 6.59KN m / m
10.72
12
8.7 * 2.852
Xy 3.84KN m / m
18.39
Laje 6
lx 4.1
Kx= 0.567 1.07 ˂2 Armada em cruz
ly 3.83
mx=32.65
13
nx= 14.10
my= 37.38
ny= 16.15
8.7 * 3.832
MX 3.91KN m / m
32.65
8.7 * 3.832
My 3.41KN m / m
37.38
8.7 * 3.832
Xx 9.05KN m / m
14.10
8.7 * 3.832
Xy 7.90KN m / m
16.15
Tabelas
14
mx=29,70 Mx= 3,86
1.13 my= 37,92 My= 3,02
Laje1 nx= 12,91 Xx= - 8,88
ny=16,48 Xy= -6,96
1.2 mx=31,09 Mx= 1,95
my=37,61 My= 1,61
Laje 2 nx=13,46 Xx= - 4,5
ny=16,29 Xy= -3,72
1.72 mx=27,84 Mx= 2,54
my=96,13 My= 0,74
Laje 3 nx=12,68 Xx= - 5,57
ny=50,03 Xy= -1,41
1.2 mx= 35,27 Mx= 4,15
my= 58,50 My= 2,50
Laje 4 nx= 14,89 Xx= - 9,82
ny= 28,59 Xy= - 5,13
1.31 mx= 23,93 Mx= 2,95
my= 41,06 My= 1,72
Laje 5 nx= 10,72 Xx= -6,59
ny= 18,39 Xy= -3,84
15
Momentos compensados
8.88 4.5
Xm 6.69KN m / m
2
max X max xm
max 8.88 7.104
max 1.78
16
Interpolação
Laje 1
x ? lx
1.13
y ? ly
Para
1.2 0.024
1.13 x
x 1.1 0.010
(1.2 1.1) [ 0.024 ( 0.10)]
(1.2 1.3) ( 0.024 x )
0.1 0.014
0.07 (0.024 x )
0.1( 0.024 x ) 0.00098
0.0024 0.1x 0.00098
0.00098 0.0024
x
0 .1
x 0.0142
Para
y
17
1.2 0.105
1.13 y
1.1 0.115
(1.2 1.1) (0.105 0.115)
(1.2 1.3) ( 0.105 y )
0.1 0.01
0.7 (0.105 x )
0.0105 0.1 y 0.0007
0.0007 0.0105
y
0.1
y 0.112
Laje2:
x 0.010 lx 1.2
ly
y 0 ,115
18
Momentos compensados 1 e 3
6.96 1.41
Xm 4.185KN m / m
2
Xm 0.8 Mnax 6.96 0.8
Xm 5,57
Então Xm 5.57
19
max X max xm
max 6.96 4.18
max 2.78KNm / m
Interpolação
Laje3
x ? lx
1.72
y ? ly
Para
x
1.72 x x
1.5 0.088
1.4 0.105
20
0.32 ( x 0.105)
0.22 ( x 0.088)
0.32( x 0.088) 0.22( x 0.105)
(0.32 x 0.22 x ) 0.028 0.023
0.005
x x 0.05
0.10
Para
y
1.72 y
1.5 0.092
1.4 0.100
(1.72 1.4) ( y 0.100)
(1.72 1.5) ( y 0.092)
21
L2 Mx 2.54 0.208 Mx 2.75KNm / m
Mx 0.74 0.09 Mx 0.84KNm / m
Momentos compensados de L2 e L4
5.13 3.72
Xm 4.425KN m / m
2
Xm 0.8 Mnax
Xm 4.104
Então Xm 4.425KNm / m
22
max X max xm
max 5.13 4.425
max 0.705Nm / m
Laje 2 e 4
x 0.010
y 0.11
lx
1 .1
ly
lx
1 .2
ly
Laje1 Relação Coeficiente Momentos (maior vão encastrados)
23
(KNm/m)
Momentos compensados L1 e L4
5.13 6.96
Xm 6.045KN m / m
2
Xm 0.8 6.95
Xm 5.568KNm / m
Xm 5.568KNm / m
x X max xm
x 6.95 6.045
x 0.915
Gráfico
L1
24
lx
1.13
ly
x 0.0142
y 0.112
L4
lx
1.12
ly
x 0.050
y 0.113
Laje1 Relação Coeficiente Momentos (maior vão encastrados)
(KNm/m)
25
5.57 9.82
Xm 7.70
2
Xm 0.8 9.86
Xm 7.86
max X max xm
max 9.82 7.86
max 1.96
26
1.72 ( x )
1.5 (0.103)
1.4 0.075
1.72 ( x )
1.5 (0.139)
1.4 0.138
Laje 3
lx
1.75
ly
27
x 0.141
y 0.165
Laje 4
lx
1.2
ly
x 0.021
y 0.132
28
3.75 1.41
Xm 2.58KNm / m
2
Xm 0.8 3.75
Xm 3.0
Xm 3.0KNm / m
max X max xm
max 3.75 3.0
max 0,75
29
Laje3 Laje5
lx lx
1.72 1.34
ly ly
x 0.0142
y 0.112
Laje5: Interpolação
30
1.4 0.115
1.34 x
1.3 0.087
x 0.098
y
1.4 0.136
1.34 y
1.3 0.138
(1.4 1.3) (0.136 0.138)
(1.4 1.34) (0.136 y )
0.1 0.032
0.1(0.136 y ) 0.06 * 0.002
0.00012 0.0163
y y 0.137
0.1
31
lx x 0.0142 M X 0.75 * (0.0142) M X 0.011
1.13
L3 ly
y 0,112 M y 0.75 * (0.112) M X 0.084
Momentos compensados L4 e L6
7.9+5.13
Xm = = 6.52 Knm/m
2
32
∆X = 7.9 − 6.32 = 1.38
𝐿𝑦
L4 = 𝐿𝑥 = 1.2
𝜸X = 0.050
L4
𝜸y = 0.113
𝐿𝑦
L6 = 𝐿𝑥 = 1,07 Usando interpolaçao
33
1.1 __________ 0.125 ( 1.1 − 1 ) __________ ( 0.125 − 0.115 )
𝜸x = − 0.004 MX = 1.38 ×
(−0.004)
MX = −0.006
L6 1.07
𝜸y = 0.118
My = 1.38 × 0.118
My = 0.163
34
MX = 4.15 −0.064
MX = 4.08
L4
My = 2.50 − 0.156
My = 2.34
MX = 3.91 − 0.006
MX = 3.904
L6
My = 3.41 + 0.130
My = 3.573
6.74+9.1
Xm = = 7.92
2
35
𝐿𝑦 𝐿𝑦
Lage 5 : 𝐿𝑥 = 1.34 Lage 6 : 𝐿𝑥 = 1.07
𝛾x = 0.098 𝛾x = − 0.004
𝛾y = 0.137 𝛾y = 0.118
𝜸x = − 0.004 MX = 1.18 ×
(−0.004)
MX = −0.00472
L6 1.07
𝜸y = 0.118
My = 1.18 × 0.118
My = −0.139
36
Lage Momento finais
{ Knm/m }
MX = 3.04 + 0.116
MX = 3.156
L5
My = 1.69 + 0.162
My = 1.852
MX = 3.91 + 0.0047
MX = 3.415
L6
My = 3.41 +
(−0.130 )
My = 3.271
Lage 1 Lage 2
Mx = 3.88 MX = 1.97
MY = 3.22 MY = + 1,41
Lage 1 Lage 4
Mx = 3.85 MX = 4.2
MY = 2.92 MY = 2.603
Lage 1 Lage 3
Mx = 3.88 MX = 2.75
MY = 2.86 MY = 0.84
Lage 3 Lage 4
37
Mx = 2.86 MX = 4.11
MY = 1.02 MY = 2.58
Lage 2 Lage 4
Mx = 1.96 MX = 4.19
MY = 1.53 MY = 2.24
Lage 3 Lage 5
Mx = 2.55 MX = 3.11
MY = 0.66 MY = 1.79
Lage 4 Lage 6
Mx = 4.08 MX = 3.90
MY = 2.34 MY = 3.57
Lage 5 Lage 6
Mx = 3.16 MX = 3.92
MY = 1.85 MY = 3.27
MY final = 3.22
Knm/m
MX final = 1.97
38
Lage 2 Knm/m
MY final = 1.52
Knm/m
MX final = 2.86
Knm/m
Lage 3
MY final = 1.02
Knm/m
MX final = 4.2
Knm/m
Lage 4
MY final = 2.61
Knm/m
MX final = 3.16
Knm/m
Lage 5
MY final = 1.85
Knm/m
MX final = 3.90
Knm/m
Lage 6
MY final = 3.57
Knm/m
39
VERIFICACAO DA ESPESSURA
1
× 20 = 0.057 m
3
40
c = 0.02 b=1m
Msd 7.92
d ≥ √0.25×𝑏×𝑓𝑠𝑑 ↔ d ≥ √0.25×1×13.3×103 = 0.049 m
2.86
AsX ≥ = 1.14×10-4 m2 = 1.14 cm2
0.9×0.08 ×348×103
𝜌×𝑏×𝑑 0.15×2.85×0.08
Asmini = = = 3.42× 10-4 m2 = 3.42 cm2
100 100
1.016
AsY ≥ = 4.05×10-5 m2 = 0.405 cm2
0.9×0.08 ×348×103
𝜌×𝑏×𝑑 0.15×4.9×0.08
Asmini = = = 5.88× 10-4 m2 = 5.88 cm2
100 100
Asmax = 4% ×Ac
AcX = 2.85 ×h = 2.85 × 0.1 = 0.285 m2
Asmax = 4% ×0.285 = 0.014 m2 = 1.14 cm2 OK
𝑴𝒔𝒅 𝟕. 𝟗𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑
𝒅≥√ ↔𝒅≥√ = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟒𝟗𝒎 ≈ 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝒎 − − − −→ 𝑶𝑲
𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 × 𝒃 × 𝒇𝒄𝒅 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 × 𝟏. 𝟎𝟎 × 𝟏𝟑. 𝟑𝟑
Adopta-se:
𝒅 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝒎
𝒄 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝒎
𝒉 = 𝒅 + 𝒄 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟎𝒎
Armadura Mínima
𝝆×𝒃×𝒅
𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒊𝒏 =
𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟎.𝟏𝟓×𝟏.𝟎𝟎×𝟎.𝟎𝟖
𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒊𝒏 = × 𝟏𝟎𝟒 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝒄𝒎𝟐 /𝒎 ≈ 𝟏. 𝟖𝟖𝒄𝒎𝟐 /𝒎 → ∅𝟔@𝟏𝟓𝒄𝒎
𝟏𝟎𝟎
Armadura Máxima
𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟒% × 𝑨𝒄 → 𝑨𝒔𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟒 × 𝟏 × 𝟎. 𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎𝟒 = 𝟒𝟎𝒄𝒎𝟐 /𝒎
Armadura de Calculo
𝑴𝒔𝒅
𝑨𝒔𝒄𝒂𝒍 =
𝟎. 𝟗 × 𝒅 × 𝒇𝒔𝒚𝒅
Momentos negativos
42
Dimensionamento de Viga
(Calculo das reacções nas lajes)
Laje1
lx
1.13
ly
1
l x 20 3.48
3
l 0.067x 2 3.48
l 3.614
vy
1.15 3.17
1.17 y
1.1 3.17
(1.15 1.1) (3.17 3.17)
(1.15 1.13) (3.17 vy)
0.05 0
0.02 (3.17 vy)
0.05x (3.17 vy) 0
0.16
vy vy 3.2
0.05
43
l * lx
v1 v v1 3.2 * 3.31* 3.614 / 10 vy 3.8
10
1.15 2.17
1.13 vy
1.1 3.17
(1.15 1.1) ( 2.17 2.17)
vy (1.15 1.13) ( 2.17 vy)
0.05 0
0.02 ( 2.17 vy)
0.05x ( 2.17 vy) 0
0.11
vy vy 2.2
0.05
l * lx
v1 v v1 2.2 * 3.31* 3.614 / 10 vy 2.6
10
Laje2: viga3
lx
1.1
ly
44
1
l x 20 3.48
3
l 0.067x 2 3.48
l 3.614
Laje 3 : Viga 3
𝐿𝑦
= 1,72
𝐿𝑥
1
L = 3 × 20 × 2 + 4.75 = 4.89 m
0.05 _________ 0
0.03 _________ ( 3.17 − υ3יy )
0.16
0.05 × (3.17 – υ3יy ) = 0 → υ3יy = 0.05 = 3.2
0.47×4.08 0.47×2.8
υ3יy = 3.2 × = 0.61 KN 3.2 × = 0.4 KN
10 10
Lage 3 : Viga 7
𝐿𝑦
= 1,72
𝐿𝑥
45
1
L = 3 × 20 × 2 + 3.95 = 4.08 m
Para υ3יx
Laje 4 : Viga 3
𝐿𝑦
= 1,2
𝐿𝑥
1
L = 3 × 20 × 2 + 2.70 = 2.8 m
υ5יy = 3.13
7.01×2.8
υ5יy = 3.13 × = 6.14 KN
10
υ5יy = 2.13
46
7.01×2.8
υ5יy = 2.13 × = 4.2 KN
10
Laje 6 : Viga 4
𝐿𝑦
= 1,72
𝐿𝑥
1
L = 3 × 20 × 2 + 3.68 = 3.81 m
Para υ3יy
0.05 _________ 0
0.03 _________ ( 3.17 − υ6יy )
0.16
0.05 × (3.17 – υ6יy) = 0 → υ6יy = = 3.2
0.05
3.77×3.81
υ3יy = 3.2 × = 4.6 KN
10
47
Laje 5 viga 4
lx
1.31
ly
1.3 3.99
1.33 V ' x
1.30 3.90
48
1.33 2.73
1.31 V ' x
1.30 2.63
0.05 0.1
0.04 2.73 V ' x
lx
1.31
ly
(1.35 1.30) (3.17 3.17)
(1.35 1.31) (3.17 V ' X )
0.05 0
0.04 3.17 V ' X
0.05(3.17 V ' X ) 0
0.1585 0.05V ' X 0
0.1585
V 'X
0.05
V ' X 3.17
V ' X 3.17 * 6.49
V ' X 5.93
49
1.35 2.17
1.31 V ' x
1.30 2.17
lx
1.31
ly
1.3 3.99
1.33 V ' x
1.30 3.90
50
1.1 2.36
1.07 V 6 ' x
1.05 2.27
0.05 0.1
0.03 2.36 6' x
0.0027 0.118
V 6X
0.05
V X 2.4
4.93 * 4.08
V 6 X 2.4 *
10
V ' X 4.8 KN
VERIFICACAO DA ESPESSURA
1/3 × 20 = 0.057 m
51
AsX ≥ 2.86/( 0.9×0.08 ×〖348×10〗^3 ) = 1.14×10-4 m2 = 1.14 cm2
Asmini = (ρ×b×d)/100 = (0.15×2.85×0.08)/100 = 3.42× 10-4 m2 = 3.42 cm2
Msd ( ) 12.2 KN m
Msd ( ) 8.5 KN m
Msd
d
0.1 * fcd
Msd
d
0.25 * b * fcd
12.2 103
d
0.25 * 0.15 *13.3
d 0.156 0.16m
Ou
Adopto:
d=0.38m; c=0.002cm
h=0.40m
Armadura mínima (REBAP – Artigo 90°.90.1)
*b * d
As min Dados:
100
52
B25
A400; 𝜌 = 0.15
Mrd 8.5 * 10 3
U 0.392Mpa 0.400Mpa
b * d 2 0.15 * 0.382
0.202
b * d * 0.15 * 0.35 * 0.202
As x10 4 1.15cm 2 15cm 2 210
100 100
Armaduras longitudinais
Dados:
Mrd - =36.8KNm
Mrd+ = 18.6KNm
36.8 103
d
0.25 * 0.15 *13.3
d 0.27 OK
Adopto
d=0.38
h=0.40
e=0.02
Verificacao de altura útil
Adopta-se:
𝑑 = 0.08𝑚
𝑐 = 0.02𝑚
53
ℎ = 𝑑 + 𝑐 = 0.10𝑚
Armadura Mínima
𝜌×𝑏×𝑑
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
100
0.15×1.00×0.08
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = × 104 = 1.2𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ≈ 1.88𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 → ∅6@15𝑐𝑚
100
Armadura Máxima
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 4% × 𝐴𝑐 → 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04 × 1 × 0.1 × 104 = 40𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚
Armadura de Calculo
𝑀𝑠𝑑
𝐴𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙 =
0.9 × 𝑑 × 𝑓𝑠𝑦𝑑
2.061
54
Ld 0.15 * 0.27 * 2.061
As 8.37cm 2
100 100
3 20(apoio)
0.92
Viga 7
Armadura transversal
Dados
Vsd 42.7
bw 0.15
d 0.38
Vcd 1bwd
Vcd 0.65 * 0.15 * 0.38 *103 37.05
Vrd 2bwd 4 * 0.15 * 0.30 *103 228
55
Vsd Vrd max
Vw Vsd Vcd
Vw 42.7 37.05 5.65
Asw Vwd Asw 5.65 *103
4.75 *105
S 0.90 * d * fsyd S 0.9 * 0.38 * 348
Espacamento
1
Vrd max 38KN ou
6
2
Vrd max 152KN
3
38 42.7 152
S 0.5d S 0.19cm (adotamos)
S 0.20cm
Asw 4.75 *105 * S Asw 4.75 *105 * 0.20 *104
Asw 0.095(2 6 / 20cm )
56