Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
)DFXOW\RI(QJLQHHULQJ
((( GHSDUWPHQW
(((
'LJLWDO6LJQDO3URFHVVLQJ
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
$QNDUD± )HEUXDU\
0DWODE
{ 0DWODE LV D VRIWZDUH WRRO RULJLQDOO\ GHYHORSHG DV D ³0DWUL[
/DERUDWRU\´ EXW QRZ XVHG LQ DOPRVW DOO DUHDV RI VFLHQFH DQG
HQJLQHHULQJ
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 2
0DWKHPDWLFDORSHUDWLRQV
{$GG
[\
{6XEWUDFW
[± \
{0XOWLSO\
[
\
{'LYLGH
[\
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
0DWKHPDWLFDORSHUDWLRQV
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
3UHGHILQHGFRQVWDQWV
:KHQ0$7/$%VWDUWVFHUWDLQYDULDEOHQDPHVDUHLQLWLDOL]HGZLWKYDOXHVWKDWDUH
FRPPRQO\UHTXLUHG >> pi
ans =
pi : 3.1416
i : VTUW >> j
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 5
7KHFRPPRQEXLOWLQ)XQFWLRQV
ĂďƐ ďƐŽůƵƚĞǀĂůƵĞ
ĐŽƐ ŽŶƐŝŶĞĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ
ƐŝŶ ^ŝŶĞĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ
ƚĂŶ dĂŶŐĞŶƚĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ
ůŽŐ EĂƚƵƌĂůůŽŐĂƌŝƚŚŵĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ;>ŽŐĂƌŝƚŚŵƚŽƚŚĞďĂƐĞĞĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶͿ
ůŽŐϭϬ >ŽŐĂƌŝƚŚŵƚŽƚŚĞďĂƐĞϭϬĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ
ĂĐŽƐ /ŶǀĞƌƐĞŽƐŝŶĞĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ
ĂƐŝŶ /ŶǀĞƌƐĞƐŝŶĞĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ
ĂƚĂŶ /ŶǀĞƌƐĞƚĂŶŐĞŶƚĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ
ZĞĂů ZĞĂůƉĂƌƚŽĨĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŶƵŵďĞƌ
ŝŵĂŐ /ŵĂŐŝŶĂƌLJƉĂƌƚŽĨĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŶƵŵďĞƌ
ĂďƐ DĂŐŶŝƚƵĚĞŽĨĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŶƵŵďĞƌ
ĂŶŐůĞ WŚĂƐĞĂŶŐůĞŽĨĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŶƵŵďĞƌ
ĐŽŶũ ŽŶũƵŐĂƚĞŽĨĂĐŽŵƉůĞdžŶƵŵďĞƌ
ƌŽƵŶĚ ZŽƵŶĚƚŽƚŚĞŶĞĂƌĞƐƚŝŶƚĞŐĞƌ
ƌĞŵ ZĞŵĂŝŶĚĞƌĂĨƚĞƌĚŝǀŝƐŝŽŶ
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 6
0DNLQJ0DWODE 4XLHW
{ 0$7/$%ZLOOH[HFXWHDQ\
OLQHWKDWHQGVZLWKD
VHPLFRORQZLWKRXW
SULQWLQJWKHUHVXOWWRWKH
VFUHHQ
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 7
0DNLQJ6FULSW)LOHVPILOH
{ <RXUZRUNLQ0DWODE FDQEH
VWRUHGLQDVFULSW ILOH WREH
H[HFXWHGRYHUDQGRYHU
DJDLQ
{ PILOHFDQEH¿OOHGZLWKD
VHTXHQFHRIFRPPDQGVWKDW
ZLOOEHH[HFXWHGIURPWRS
WRERWWRP
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 8
$GG&RPPHQWVWR3URJUDPV
{ &RPPHQWVDOORZ RWKHUVWRXQGHUVWDQG\RXUFRGHDQGFDQ
UHIUHVK\RXUPHPRU\ZKHQ\RXUHWXUQWRLWODWHU
{ 7RDGGFRPPHQWVZHXVHWKHSHUFHQWV\PERO
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 9
{&OF
z &OHDU&RPPDQG:LQGRZFOHDQVFUHHQ
{&OHDUDOO
z GHOHWHDOOVWRUHGYDULDEOHVLQ\RXUZRUNVSDFH
{FORVHDOO
z FORVHDOORIILJXUHVWKDW\RXKDYHJHQHUDWHGLQ\RXU
SURJUDP
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 10
LIVWDWHPHQW
/RJLFDO&RQGLWLRQV /RJLFDO2SHUDWRUV
{ (TXDOV
$QG
{ /HVVWKDQ
2U _
{ *UHDWHUWKDQ !
1RW a
{ QRWHTXDO a
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 11
LIVWDWHPHQWH[DPSOHV
a=2; a=4; a=4;
b=3; b=3; b=4;
if a < b if a < b if a < b
j=-1 j=-1 j=-1
end elseif a>b elseif a>b
j=2 j=2
end else
j=3
end
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 12
)RUORRSVWDWHPHQW
{,WFRXOGWDNHWKHIROORZLQJIRUP
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 13
)RUORRSVWDWHPHQW
)DFWRULDOIXQFWLRQRIQQ 1RGGRUHYHQ"
n=input('n= ');
if rem(n,2)==0
s_even=n
end
if rem(n,2)~=0
s_odd=n
end
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 14
ZKLOHORRSVWDWHPHQW
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 15
$UUD\
$UUD\VFDQEHGHILQHGDVD
OLQHRUDFROXPQ
{ 7RGHILQHDOLQHDUUD\ZH
XVH RUVSDFH
EHWZHHQDUUD\¶VHOHPHQWV
{ 7RGHILQHDFROXPQDUUD\
ZHXVH EHWZHHQ
DUUD\¶VHOHPHQWV
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
9HFWRUV
{ /HQJWKRUVL]HRIDQDUUD\$
z /HQJWK$
{ )LQGDQHOHPHQWLQDQDUUD\
z $L
z LLVWKHLQGH[ RIWKHLWK HOHPHQW
{ 5HSODFHDQHOHPHQW¶YDOXH
ZLWKDQRWKHU
z $L QHZBYDOXH
{ 5HPDUNWKHLQGH[RIWKHILUVW
HOHPHQWRIDQDUUD\LV
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
{5HSODFHYDOXHVRID
UDQJHRIHOHPHQWVLQ
DQDUUD\XVLQJ
{([DPSOH
z ([WUDFWWKHWKLUG
HOHPHQWLDQDUUD\$
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
{ ([UDFWWKHLWK WKURXJKWKH
MWK HOHPHQWVLQDQDUUD\
z $LM
{ ([WUDFWODUJHVWHOHPHQWLQ
DUUD\$
z PD[$
{ ([WUDFWPLQLPDOHOHPHQW
LQDUUD\$
z PLQ$
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
{6XPRIDUUD\
HOHPHQWV
z VXP$
{3URGXFWRIDUUD\
HOHPHQWV
z SURG$
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
{6RUWDUUD\HOHPHQWV
z 6RUW $
{ VRUWVWKHHOHPHQWVRI$
LQDVFHQGLQJ RUGHU
z VRUW$PRGH
{ PRGHFDQVSHFLILHG
µDVFHQG¶DVFHQGHQLQJRUGHU
µGHVFHQG¶GHVFHQGLQJRUGHU
(;VRUW$
GHVFHQG
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
{$GGDQHOHPHQWDWWKH
HQGRIDQDUUD\
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 23
{$GGVHWRIHOHPHQWVDWWKHHQGRIDQDUUD\
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 24
{'HOHWHHOHPHQWV
IURPDQDUUD\
z )URPWKHHQG
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 25
{'HOHWHHOHPHQWV
IURPDQDUUD\
z )URPDQ\ZKHUH
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 26
{&UHDWHDUUD\ZLWKLQNQRZQLQWHUYDODQGZLWK
IL[HGVWHSYDOXH
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 27
0DWUL[
{&UHDWHILUVWOLQHWKHQ VHFRQGOLQH
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 28
{0DWUL[DGGLWLRQ
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 29
{0DWUL[PXOWLSOLFDWLRQ
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 30
{PDWUL[GLPHQVLRQV
z 6L]H$UHWXUQVWKHVL]HVRIHDFKGLPHQVLRQRI
DUUD\[LQDYDFWRU
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 31
{7KHWUDQVSRVHRI
DPDWUL[ XVLQJ
WKHDSRVWURSKH
V\PERO
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 32
{0DWUL[LQYHUVH
IRUVTXDUHGPDWUL[
{LQY$
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 33
{ 0DWUL[GHWHUPLQDQW
IRUVTXDUHGPDWUL[
GHW $
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 34
{ *HWGLDJRQDOHOHPHQWV
GLDJ$
{ 6XPRIGLDJRQDO
HOHPHQWV
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 35
{ )LQGODUJHVWHOHPHQW
LQDPDWUL[
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 36
{ )LQGVPDOOHVWHOHPHQW
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 37
{&DOFXODWHWKH
VXPRIHOHPHQWV
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
{ &DODFXODWHWKH
SURGXFWLRQRI
HOHPHQWV
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 39
{([WUDFWDQ
HOHPHQWRID
PDWUL[
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 40
{([WUDFWDURZ
RIDPDWUL[
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 41
{([WUDFWD
FROXPQRID
PDWUL[
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 42
{$GGDQ
HOHPHQWWRD
PDWUL[
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 43
{$GG
VHTXHQWLDO
HOHPHQWVWRD
PDWUL[
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 44
{5HPRYHD
FROXPQ IURPD
PDWUL[
{5HPRYHDURZ
IURPDPDWUL[
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 45
{([WUDFWWKHODVW
HOHPHQWRIDURZ
IURPDPDWUL[
{([WUDFWWKHODVW
HOHPHQWRIDFROXPQ
IURPDPDWUL[
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 46
{&UHDWH
LGHQWLW\PDWUL[
RUXQLWPDWUL[
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 47
{6FDODU PXOWLSOLFDWLRQ
HOHPHQWE\HOHPHQW
{6FDODUGLYLVLRQ
{6FDODUSRZHU
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 48
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORW
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 49
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORWSURSHUWLHV
([DPSOHV
y = 2x3 – 4x2 + 2
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 50
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORWSURSHUWLHV
plot(independent variable, dependent variable,
3URSHUW\1DPH
)
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 51
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORWJULGSORWWLQJ
¾ Using: grid
¾ Note: grid command must come after the plot command.
“grid on” or “grid off”
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 52
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORWD[HVODEHO
¾ X-axis labeling: [ODEHOµQDPH¶
¾ Y-axis labeling: \ODEHOµQDPH¶
¾ Note: labeling commands come after the plot command
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORWD[HVWLWOH
¾ Title of axes: title(‘name’)
¾ Note: title command come after the plot command
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 54
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORWOHJHQG
¾ Using: legend(‘name’)
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 55
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORW
SORWWLQJVHYHUDOFXUYHVLQWKHVDPHZLQGRZ
¾ Using: hold on (before plot commands)
¾ Using: hold off (after plot command)
\ VLQ[
] FRV[
W VLQ[FRV[
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 56
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORW
SORWWLQJVHYHUDOFXUYHVLQVHSDUDWHGZLQGRZV
¾ Using: figure
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 57
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORW
SORWWLQJVHYHUDOFXUYHVLQWKUHHVWDFNHGVXESORWV
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 58
7ZRGLPHQVLRQDO3ORWH[DPSOH
SORWWLQJVHYHUDOFXUYHVLQWKUHHVWDFNHGVXESORWV
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$% 59
8VH0$7/$%WRSORW WKHIROORZLQJVLJQDOLQRQHILJXUHDVVKRZQ
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
+RZWRFUHDWHIXQFWLRQ LQ0$7/$%
¾ :LWKRXWSDUDPHWHUV
7KHQDPHRIIXQFWLRQLV
VDPH DVILOH QDPH
džĂŵƉůĞ
&ƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ ĨŝůĞ ZĞĐĂůů ƚŚŝƐ ĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶ ĨƌŽŵ Ă
ŵĂŝŶƉƌŽŐƌĂŵ;ĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ ĨŝůĞͿ
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%
+RZWRFUHDWHIXQFWLRQ LQ0$7/$%
¾ ZLWKSDUDPHWHUV
,QWURGXFWLRQWR0$7/$%