1.

1)F(x)=x5; F′(x)=(x5)′=5x4=f(x); x∈(-∞;∞);

2) F(x)=x-3; F′(x)=(x-3)′=-3x-4=f(x); x∈(0;∞);
1 1 1
3) F(x)= x7; F′(x)=( x7)′= ∙7x6=x6= f(x); x∈(-∞;∞);
7 7 7
1 1 1
4) F(x)= x-6; F′(x)=( ∙x )′= ∙(-6)x-7=-x-7= f(x); x∈(0;∞);
-6
6 6 6

2.1) F(x)=4-x3; F′(x)=(4-x3)′=-3x2=f(x); x∈(-∞;∞); bolup bilýär.

1 1 1
1 -1 -2 1
2) F(x)=2√x; F′(x)=( 2√x)′= =( 2∙x )′=2· ∙ x =x = 2 2 =f(x); bolup bilýär.
2 √x
3)F(x)=cos x+10; F′(x)=(cos x+10)′=-sin x≠sin x ; bolup bilmeýär.

3.1)f(x)=4,5; F(x)=4,5x; F′(x)=(4,5x)′=4,5=f(x);

2) f(x)=cos x; F(x)=sin x; F′(x)=(sin x)′=cos x=f(x);
3) f(x)=2x; F(x)=x2; F′(x)=(x2)′=2x=f(x);
4) f(x)=sin x; F(x)=-cos x; F′(x)=(-cos x)′=-(-sin x)=sin x=f(x);

4.1) f(x)=-sin x; F(x)=cos x; F′(x)=(cos x)′=-sin x=f(x);

1 1 1
2) f(x)=-x; F(x)=− ∙x2; F′(x)=(− ∙x2)′=− ∙2x=-x=f(x);
2 2 2
3) f(x)=-4; F(x)=-4x; F′(x)=(-4x)′=-4=f(x);
4) f(x)=-cos x; F(x)=-sin x; F′(x)=(-sin x)′=-cos x=f(x);

5.1)f(x)=e-x; F(x)=-e-x; F′(x)=(-e-x)′=-(-e-x)=e-x=f(x);

3 3
2)f(x)= ; F(x)=3·ln x; F′(x)=(3·ln x)′= =f(x);
x x
4 4 4∙(-3) -2
3) f(x)=4x-2; F(x)=- x-3; F′(x)=(- x-3)′=(- x )=4x-2=f(x);
3 3 3
1 1 1
4) f(x)=x√5-1 ; F(x)= x√5 ; F′(x)=( ∙x√5 )′=( ∙√5∙x√5-1 )=x√5-1 =f(x);
√5 √5 √5

6.1)F(x)=sin2x; F′(x)=(sin2x)′=2sin x(sin x)′=2sin x·cos x=sin 2x=f(x); x ∈R;

1 1 1
2) F(x)= ∙cos 2x; F′(x)=( ∙cos 2x)′= (-2sin 2x)=-sin 2x=f(x); x ∈R;
2 2 2
3) F(x)=sin 3x; F′(x)=(sin 3x)′=cos 3x·(3x)′=3·cos 3x=f(x); x ∈R;
1
x x 1 x 1
4) F(x)=3+tg ; F′(x)=(3+tg )′= x ∙( )'= 2
x = =f(x); x∈(-∞;∞);
x
2 2 cos2
2
2 cos2
2
2∙cos2 2

x x 1 x
7.1)F(x)=2x+cos ; F′(x)=(2x+cos )′=2- ∙sin =f(x); x ∈R;
2 2 2 2
1 ' -2x x
2) F(x) =( √4-𝑥 2 ); F′(x) =(√4-x2 )′= ∙(4-x2 ) = =- =f(x); x∈(-2;2);
2√4-x 2 2√4-x 2 √4-x2
1 1 ' 2
3) F(x) = 2 ; F′(x) =( 2 )′=(x-2 ) =-2∙x-3 =- 3 ≠f(x); x∈(0;∞); bolup bilmez.
x x x
' 4x
4)F(x)=(4x√x);F′(x)=(4x√x)′=(4x)′∙(√x)+4x(√x) =4√x+ =4√x+2√x=6√x=f(x);
2√ x

1
 1
8.1)f(x)=x-4; F(x)= ∙x2 -4x;
2
x x x x x x
2)f(x)=(sin -cos )2=sin2 -2 sin ·cos +cos2 =1-sin x;F(x)=x+cos x;
2 2 2 2 2 2
3)f(x)=sin2x+cos2x=1; F(x)=x;
4)f(x)=3x2+1; F(x)=x3+x;

9.1)f(x)=2x; F(x)=x2+5; F(x)=x2-9;

2) f(x)=1-sin x; F(x)=x+cos x+4; F(x)=x+cos x-2;
1 1
3) f(x)=x2; F(x)= ·x3+7; F(x)= ·x3-1;
3 3
4) f(x)=cos x-2; F(x)=sin x-2x+2; F(x)=sin x-2x-3;

1 1 1 1
10.1)g′(x)=(- )′= ( )
2 =f x ; f′(x)=( 2 )'=- =h(x);
x x x x3
x2
2) f′(x)=( -cos x)'=x+sin x=h(x); h′(x)=(x+sin x)′=1+cos x;
2
x2
3)h′(x)=( +2x)'=x+2=g(x);g'(x)=(x+2)'=1;
2
4)g′(x)=(3x+2cos x)=3-2sin x=f(x); f′(x)=(3-2sin x)′=-2cos x=h(x);

x5 x2
11. 1)f(x)=2-x ; F(x)=2x- +C;
4
2) f(x)=x+cos x; F(x)= + sin x+C;
5 2
3) f(x)=4x; F(x)=2x2+C; 4) f(x)=-5; F(x)=-5x+C;

x9 1 1
12.1) f(x)=x8; F(x)= +C; 2) f(x)= 3 -7; F(x)=- -7x+C;
9 x 2∙x2
1 1 x34
3) f(x)=1- ; F(x)=x+ +C; 4) f(x)=x33; F(x)= +C;
x4 3x3 34

1 1 1 1 1
13.1)f(x)= ; F(x)=- +C; F ( ) =- 1 +C=-12; C=-12+2; C=-10; F(x)=- -10;
x2 x 2 x
2
1 π π
2)f(x)= ; F(x)=tg x+C; F( )=tg +C=0; C=0-1; C=-1; F(x)=tg x-1;
cos2 x 4 4
x4 (-1)4 1 3 x4 3
3)f(x)=x ; F(x)= +C; F(-1)=
3
+C=2; C=2- ; C=1 ; F(x)= +1 ;
4 4 4 4 4 4
4)f(x)=sin x;F(x)=-cos x+C;F(-π)=-cos (-π)+C=-1;C=-1-1;C=-2; F(x)=-cos x-2;

14.1) F(x)= sin x-x·cos x; f(x)=x·sin x; F′(x)=(sin x-x·cos x)'=(sin x)'+(-x·cos x)'=
=cos x-cos x-x(-sin x)=x·sin x=f(x); F(x)= sin x-x·cos x+C;
x (x2 )' 2x x
2) F(x)=√x2 +1; f(x)=- ; F'(x)=(√x2 +1)'=- =- =- =f(x);
√x2 +1 2√x2 +1 2√x2 +1 √x2 +1
3) F(x)=cos x +x·sin x; f(x)=x·cos x;F′(x)=(cos x+x·sin x)'=(cos x)'+(x·sin x)'=
=-sin x+sin x+x ·cos x=x·cos x=f(x); F(x)=√x2 +1+C;
1 1+x2 1 1 1 x2 +1 1
4) F(x)=x- ; f(x)= ; F'(x)=(x- )'=1-(- 2 )=1+ 2= ; F(x)=x- +C;
x x2 x x x x2 x
2
 π π π
15.1) f(x)=2·cos x; M(- ;1); F(x)=2·sin x+C; F(- )=2·sin (- )+C=1;C=1+2; C=3;
2 2 2
F(x)=2·sin x+3;
x3
2)f(x)=1-x2; M(-3;9); F(x)=x- +C;
3
(-3)3 x3
F(-3)=-3- +C=9; C=9+3-9; C=3;F(x)=x- +3;
3 3
π 2π π
3)f(x)=sin (x+ ) ;M ( ;-1) ;F(x)=- cos (x+ ) +C;
3 3 3
2π 2π π π
F ( ) =-cos ( + ) +C=-1; C=-1-1;C=-2; F(x)=- cos (x+ ) -2;
3 3 3 3
1 1 1 1 1
4)f(x)= 4 =x-4 ; M ( ;3) ;F(x)=- +C; F ( ) =- 1 3
+C=2;
x 2 3x3 2
3(2)
8 2 1 2
C=2+ ; C=4 ; F(x)=- 3 +4 ;
3 3 3x 3

16.1)f(x) = 2x-4x3, M(2;-8); F(x)=x2-x4+C;

F(2)=22-24+C=-8;C=-8+16; C=8; F(x)=x2-x4+8;
2)f(x) = 2x+6x5, M(l;3); F(x)=x2+x6+C;
F(1)=12+16+C=3; C=3-2; C=1; F(x)=x2+x6+1;
3)f(x) = 4x3+2x, M(l;-2); F(x)=x4+x2+C;
F(1)=14+12+C=-2; C=-2-2; C=-4; F(x)=x4+x2-4;
4)f(x) = 3x2 -2, M(2;4). F(x)=x3-2x+C;
F(2)=23-2·2+C=4; C=4-4; C=0; F(x)=x2+x6;

cos 2x
17.1)f(x) = 2-sin 2x, M(0;2,5); F(x)=2x+ +C;
2
cos 2∙0 cos 2x
F(0)=2·0+ +C=2,5; C=2,5- 1,5; C=1; F(x)=2x+ +1;
2 2
sin 2x
2)f(x) = 2+cos 2x, M(0;3); F(x)=2x- +C;
2
sin 2∙0 sin 2x
F(0)=2·0+ +C=3; C=3- 0; C=3; F(x)=2x+ +3;
2 2
π
3)f(x) = cosx+sinx, M( ;4); F(x) =sin x-cos x+C;
2
π π π
F( ) =sin - cos +C=4; C=4-1; C=3; F(x) =sin x-cos x+3;
2 2 2
1
18.1)f(х)= еx- ;
M (l;3e);F(x)=ex-ln x+C; F(1)=e1-ln 1+C=3e;C=3e-e;C=2e;
x
F(x)=ex-ln x+2e;
2)f(x) = x-1 +ex, M(l;2e); F(x)= ln x+ ex +C; F(1)= ln 1+e1+C=2e;
C=2e-e; C=e; F(x)= ln x+ex +2e;
π 2 1
3)f(x)=х-2+cos x; M( ;- ); F(x)=- + sin x+C;
2 π x
π 1 π 2 2 2 1
F( )=- π + sin +C=- ; C=- + ; C=0; F(x)=- + sin x;
2 2 π π π x
2
4)f(х) = х -sinx; М(π;ln π); F(x)=ln x+cos x+C;
-1

F(π)=ln π+cos π+C=ln π; C=ln π-ln π+1; C=1; F(x)=ln x+cos x+1;
3
19.1)f(x) = 2-sin x; a=4; F(x)=2x+cos x+C; F(x)=2x+cos x+C+4;
cos2 x+sin2 x 1
2)f(x) = 1+tg x= 2
= , a = l; F(x)=x+tg x+C; F(x)=x+tg x+C+1;
cos2 x cos2 x
𝑥 𝑥
3)f(x) = sin2 -cos2 =cos x ;a = 0,5; F(x)=sin x+C; F(x)+sin x+C+0,5;
2 2
1
4)f(x)= ; a = 2. ; F(x)=2√x+C; F(x)=2√x+C+2;
√x

20.1) a(t) = -2t, t0 =1,x0 = 4,V0 = 2;V(t)=-t2+C;V(1)=-12+C=2; C=2+1; C=3;

t3 13 1 1 t3 1
V(t)=-t +3;X(t)=- +3t+C1 ;X(1)=-
2
+3∙1+C1 =4;C1=4-3+ =1 ;X(t)=- +3t+1 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3
π π π
2)a(t) =sin t;t0 = ; x0 =2, V0=1;V(t)=-cos t+C;V( )=-cos +C=1; C=1+0; C=1;
2 2 2
π π π π 3-π 3-π
V(t)=-cost+1;X(t)=-sint+t+C1 ;X ( ) =-sin + +C1 =2;C1=2+1- = ;X(t)=-sint+t+ ;
2 2 2 2 2 2
3)a(t) = 6t,t0 = 0, x0=3, V0 = 1; V(t)=3t2+C;V(0)=3·02+C=1; C=1-0; C=1;
V(t)=3t2+1;X(t)=t3 +t+C1 ;X(0)=03 +0+C1 =3;C1=3-0=3;X(t)=t3 +t+3;
4)a(t) =cost,t0 = π;x0 =1;V0= 0; V(t)=sin t+C;V(π)=sin π+C=0; C=0+0; C=0;
V(t)=sin t; X(t)=-cos t+C1 ; X(π)=-cos π+C1 =1; C1=1-1=0; X(t)=-cos t;

1 x4 1
21.1)f(x) = 2-х3+ 2 ; F(x)=2x- - +C;
x 4 x
2 x3 2
2)f (x)=x2 - 5 + cos x; F(x)= + + sin x+C;
x 3 4x4
1 1
3)f(x)= 2 - sin x; F(x)=- +cos x+C;
x x
5x3
4)f(x)=5x2-1; F(x)= -x+C;
3

(2x-3)6 (2x-3)6
22.1)f(x)=(2x-3) ; 5
F(x)= +C= +C;
2·6 12
3cos 2x
2)f(x)=3sin 2x; F(x)=− +C;
2
(4-5x)8 (4-5x)8
3)f(x)=(4-5x) ; 7
F(x)= +C=- +C;
-5∙8 40
1 x π 1 x π x π
4)f(x)=- cos ( - ) ; F(x)=- ∙3sin ( - ) +C= sin ( - ) +C;
3 3 4 3 3 4 3 4

3 3 1
23.1)f(x)= 4 ; F(x)= 3 +C= +C;
(4-15x) -3∙(-15)(4-15x) 15(4-15x)3
2 π
2.f(x)= π ; F(x)=-2tg ( -x)+C;
cos2 (3-x) 3
4 4
3)f(x) = ; F(x)=− +C;
(3x-1)2 3(3x-1)
2 1 1 tg (3x-1)
4)f(x) =- + ; F(x)= 4 + + C;
x5 cos2 (3x-1) 2x 3

4
 1 1 1 1
24.1)f(x)=4x+ 2 ; M(1;4); F(x)=2x2- +C; F(1)=2·12- +C=4; C=3; F(x)=2x2- +3;
x x 1 x
4
x4 2 x4
2)f(x)=x3+2;M(2;15);F(x)= +2x+C;F(2)= +2∙2+C=15;C=7;F(x)= +2x+7;
4 4 4
3)f(x)=l-2x;M (3;2); F(x)=x-x +C; F(3)=3-3 +C=2;C=2+6;C=8; F(x)=x-x2+8;
2 2
1 1 1
4)f(x) = 3 -10x4+3; M (l;5);F(x)=- 2 -2x5 +3x+C; F(1)=- 2 -2∙15 +3∙1+C=5;
x 2x 2∙1
1 5
C=5+0,5+2-3; C=4,5; F(x)=- -2x +3x+4,5;
2x2

e-2x
25. 1)f(х) =e-2x+1; M(0; 2,5); F(x)=- +x+C;
2
e-2∙0 e-2x
F(0)=- +0+C=2,5; C=2,5+0,5; C=3; F(x)=- +x+3;
2 2
2
2)f(x) = ; M(0;5); F(x)=2·ln (x+1)+C; F(0)=2·ln (0+1)+C=5; C=5-0;C=5;
x+1
F(x)=2·ln (x+1)+5;
e2x e2∙0
2x
3)f(x) = e +cosx; M(0;-4); F(x)= +sin x+C; F(0)= +sin 0+C=-4;
2 2
e2x
C=-4-0,5; C=-5; F(x)= +sin x-5;
2
cos 2x
4)f(x) = sin 2x-e-x, M(0;6); F(x)=- +e-x +C;
2
cos 2∙0 cos 2x
F(0)=- +e-0 +C=6; C=6+0,5-1; C=5,5; F(x)=- +e-x +5,5;
2 2

π
1 π tg 2x π tg 2∙2 π
26.1)f(x) = + cos x, M( ;-3); F(x)= + sin x+C; F( )= + sin +C=-3;
cos2 2x 2 2 2 2 2
tg 2x
C=-3-0-1;C=-4; F(x)= + sin x-4;
2
π
1 π cos 2x π π cos 2∙4
2)f(x) = + sin 2x; M( ;-3); F(x)=-ctg x- +C; F( )=-ctg - +C=-3;
sin2 x 4 2 4 4 2
cos 2x
C=-3+1-0;C=-2; F(x)=-ctg x- -2;
2
3
5x 3 5∙3∙ √x5 3
+C=3∙√x5 +C; F(8)= 3∙ √85 +C=15;
3
3)f(x)= 3 =5√x2 ;M(8;15); F(x)=
√x 5
3
C=15-96;C=-81; F(x)= 3∙√x5 -81;
3x 3∙2√x3
4)f(x) = =3√x; M(4;12); F(x)= +C=2√x3 +C; F(4)= 2√43 +C=12;
√x 3
C=12-16; C=-4; F(x)= 2√x3 -4;

π sin 3x π
27.1)f(x) = 1 - cos 3x + 2 sin ( -x) ; F(x)=x- +2 cos ( -x) +C;
3 3 3
1 1 2 ctg 4x 3
2)f(x)= + -3x ; F(x)=- -2√2-x-x +C
sin2 4x √2−𝑥 4
2 2∙tg (3x+1)
3)f(x)= -3sin(4-x) + 2x; F(x)= -3 cos(4-x)+C;
cos2 (3x+1) 3
1 3 π 1 π
4. f(x)= 2+ -2 cos ( -x) ; F(x)= -3∙√5-x+2 sin ( -x) +C
(3-2x) √5−𝑥 4 2(3-2x) 4
5
 х 3x
28.1)f(х)=5е ; F(x)=5e +C; x
2)f(х) = 2-З ; F(x)=2x- x
+C;
ln 3
4x 1 1
3)f(х) = 4х; F(x)= +C; 4)f(x) = ex+1; F(x)= ex+x+C;
ln 4 2 2

e3-2x 0,9x 5,6x

29.1)f(х) = е3-2x; F(x)=- +C; 2)f(х) = 2·0,9x-5,6-x; F(x)= 2· + +C;
2 ln 0,9 ln 5,6
210x 𝑒 3𝑥 2,31+x
3)f(х) = 210x; F(x)= +C ; 4)f(х) = е3x + 2,31+x; F(x)= + +C;
10∙ln 2 3 ln 2,3

3 3∙ln (7x+1) 1 2
30.1)f(х)= ; F(x)= +C; 2)f(x)= - ; F(x)=ln x-2ln(x+5)+C;
7x+1 7 x x+5
1 4
3)f(x)= ; F(x)=ln (x+2)+C; 4)f(x)= ; F(x)=4·ln x+C;
x+2 x

1 x-√2+1 x2√3+1
31.1)f(х) =− x-√2 ; F(x)=- +C 2)f(х) = x2√3 ; F(x)= +C;
2 2(-√2+1) 2√3+1
3 xe+1
3)f(х) = Зх-1= ; F(x)=3·ln x+C; 4)fх) = хе; F(x)= +C;
x e+1

32.1)f(x) =2x+l; M(0;0); F(x)=x2+x+C; F(0)=02+0+C=0;C=0; F(x)=x2+x;

2)f(x) = 3x2-2x, M(l;4); F(x)=x3-x2+C; F(1)=13-12+C=4;C=4; F(x)=x3-x2+4;
x2 12 x2
3)f(x) =x+2;M(l;3);F(x)= +2x+C;F(1)= +2∙1+C=3;C=0,5;F(x)= +2x+0,5;
2 2 2
x3 3x2 23 3∙22
4)f(x)=-x2+3x;M(2;-l);F(x)=- + +C; F(2)=- + +C=-1;
3 2 3 2
8 1 x3 3x2 1
C=-1-6+ =-4 ; F(x)=− + -4 ;
3 3 3 2 3

t3 2 03 2 t3
33. V(t) = t +2t-1 (t = 0) ;X(t)= +t -t+x0 ;X(0)=
2
+0 -0+x0 ;x0 =0;X(t)= +t2 -t;
3 3 3

π
𝑡 π t π 3
34.V(t) = 2cos ; t0 = sek. X0=4 metr; X(t)=4sin +X; X( )=4 sin +X=4;
2 3 2 3 2
1 t
X=4-4∙ ; X=2; X(t)=4sin +2;
2 2

35.a(t)=12t2+4; t=1 sek; V0=10m\sek; X0=12 m; X(t)-?;V(t)=4t3+4t+C;

V(1)=4·13+4·1+C=10;C=10-8;C=2; V(t)=4t3+4t+2; X(t)=t4+2t2+2t+C1;
X(1)=14+2·12+2·1+C1=12; C1=12-5; C1=7; X(t)=t4+2t2+2t+7;

F 6-9t 3t2
36. 1)F(t)=6-9t; t0=1; V0=4; X0=-5; m=3; F=m·a; a= = =2-3t; V(t)=2t- +C;
m 3 2
3·12 t 3 13
V(1)=2·1- +C=4; C=4-0,5; C=3,5; X(t)=t2 - +C1 ; X(1)=12 - +C1 =-5;
2 2 2
3
2 t
C1 =-5-0,5; C1 =-5,5; X(t)=t - -5,5;
2
6
37.1)f(x)=3x2-2x+4;M(-1;1); N(0;3); F1(x)=x3-x2+4x+C1;
F1(-1)=(-1)3-(-1)2+4(-1)+C1=1; C1=1+4=5; F1(x)=x3-x2+4x+5;
F2(x)=x3-x2+4x+C2; F2(0)=03-02+4·0+C2=1; C2=1-0=1; F2(x)=x3-x2+4x+1;
F1(x)- F2(x)=( x3-x2+4x+5)-( x3-x2+4x+1)=4; F1(t)- ýokarda ýerleşýär;

38.1)y=x2;y=0;x=3;
x3 33 03
S= ;S=S(b)-S(a)=S(3)-S(0)= - =9-0=9 kw. birl
3 3 3
π
2)y=cos x;y=0;x=0;x= ; S(x)=sin x;
2
π π
S=S(b)-S(a)=S ( ) -S(0)=sin -sin 0=1;
2 2
3)y=sin x;y=0;x=0;x=π; S(x)=-cos x;
S=S(b)-S(a)=S(π)-S(0)=-cos π-(-cos 0)=-(-1)-(-1)=1+1=2;
1
4)y= ; y=0; x=1; x=2; S(x)=ln x;
x
S=S(b)-S(a)=S(2)-S(1)=ln 2-ln1=in2≈1;

x4
39.1)y=x +1;y=0;x=0;x=2;S(x)= +x;
3
4
24 04
S=S(b)-S(a)=S(2)-S(0)= +2- − 0=4+2=6;
4 4
π
2) y=1+2sin x; y=0; x=0; x= ; S(x)=x-2cos x;
2
π π π π π
S=S(b)-S(a)=S ( ) -S(0)= -2cos -0-2(-cos 0)= -2·0-2(-1)= +1;
2 2 2 2 2
x3
3) y=4-x2; y=0; x=-2; x=2; S(x)=4x- ; S=S(b)-S(a)=
3
23 (-2)3 8 8 16 2
=S(2)-S(-2)=4·2- -4∙(-2)- (- ) =8- +8- =16- =10 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3
1 π π 1
4)y=1+ cos x; y=0;x=- ;x= ; F(x)=x+ sin x;
2 2 2 2
π π π 1 π π 1 π π π
F( )-F(- )= + sin -(- + sin ) = + +0+0=π ;
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

(x+2)3
2
40.1)y=(x+2) ; y=0; x=0; x=-2; F(x)= ;
3
(0+2)3 (-2+2)3 8 8
F(0)-F(-2) = - = -0= ;
3 3 3 3
1 1
2)y= +1;y=0;x=0;x=2; F(x)=- +x;
(x+1)2 (x+1)
1 1 1 2
F(2)-F(0)= - +2-( - +0)=- +2+1=2 ;
(2+1) (0+1) 3 3
x3
3)y=2x-x2; y=0; x=0; x =2; F(x)=x2 - ;
3
23 03 8 4
F(2)-F(0)= 22 - - (02 - ) =4- = ;
3 3 3 3

7
 (x-1)4
4)y=-(x-1)3; y=0; x=0; x=1; F(x)=− ;
4
(1-1)4 (0-1)4 1 1
F(1)-F(0) = − − (− ) = −0 + = ;
4 4 4 4

3π 3π 3π 3π
41.1)y=3sin(x+ ); y=0; x=- ; x= ; F(x)=-3cos (x+ );
4 4 4 4
π 3π π 3π 3π 3π 9(2-√2)
3(F(− ) –F(- )=-3(3cos(− + )-3cos(− + ))= ;
2 4 2 4 4 4 2
π π
2)y=2cos 2x; y=0; x=- ; x= ; F(x)=sin 2x;
4 4
π π π π π π
F( )-F(- )= sin 2 ∙ - sin 2∙ (- )=sin +sin =1+1=2;
4 4 4 2 2 2
1 π 5π x 5π π
3)y=sin x- ; y=0; x= ; x= ; F(x)=- cos x- ; F ( ) -F( )=
2 6 6 2 6 6
5π π
5π π √3 5π √3 π √3 √3 5π π π
- cos
6
-
2
6
-(- cos - ) =-(-
6 2
6
2
)- 12 -(- 2
- 12)= 2
+ 2
- 12 + 12 =√3- 3;
π π
4) y=1-cos x; y=0; x=- ; x= ; F(x)=x-sin x;
6 6
π π π π π π π 1 π 1 π
F( ) - F(- )= - sin - (- - sin(- ) = − + - = -1 ;
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 2 6 2 3

2
2 4 x5 25 (-1)5 32+1 33
42.1) ∫-1 x dx=( ) = - = = =6,6;
5 -1 5 5 5 5
π π
2)∫0 sin xdx=(- cos x) =- cos π+ cos 0=-(-1)+1=2;
0
3
3 3 x 4 3 14 81-1 80
4
3) ∫1 x dx=( ) = - = = =20;
4 1 4 4 4 4
π
dx π
4)∫04 2 =tg -tg 0=1-0=1;
cos x 4

2 dx 1 1 1 1 1 1 -3+5 2 1
43.1)∫1 2 =- ∙ + ∙ =- + = = = ;
(2x+1) 2 2∙2+1 2 2∙1+1 10 6 30 30 15

π x x π π 0
2)∫0 3 cos dx=(6sin ) =6 sin -6 sin =6∙1-6∙0=6-0=6;
2 2 0 2 2

10 dx 1 10 1 1 1 9
3)∫1 2 =(- ) =- + =1- = =0,9;
x x 1 10 1 10 10

π
2 1 π 1 π 1 1 π 1 1 1
4)∫ sin 2x=- cos 2∙ -(- cos 2∙ )=- cos π + cos =- ∙(-1)+ ∙0= ;
π
2 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 2
4

8
 2
2 2 (x-3)3 (2−3)3 (−2−3)3 -1 125 124 1
44.1) ∫-2 (x-3) dx=( ) = - = + = =41 ;
3 -2 3 3 3 3 3 3
1
1 3 (x+3)4 (1+3)4 (-4+3)4 44 (-1)4 256-1 255 3
2) ∫-4 (x+3) dx=( ) = - = - = = =63 ;
4 -4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
π π
1 1 π 1 π 1 √2 √2
3)∫0 cos 3xdx=( sin 3x)0 = ( sin 3∙
12 12
- sin 3∙0)= ( sin - sin 0)= ( -0) = ;
3 3 12 3 4 3 2 6
π
6 dx 1 π π 1 π π 1 √3 3-√3
4) ∫ π =- (ctg 2∙ -ctg 2∙ ) =- (ctg -ctg ) =- ( -1) = ;
8
sin2 2x 2 6 8 2 3 4 2 3 6
2 3 2 4 3 2 25 23 4∙23 44
5)∫0 (x-2)(x +2x+4)dx= ∫0 (x -2x +4x -8) dx= - + -8∙2=- ;
5 2 3 15
3 2 3 3
2 (x-1) (2−1) (−1−3) 1 64 -63 1
6) ∫-1 (x-1)2 dx=( ) = - = - = =-21 ;
3 -1 3 3 3 3 3 3
1
1 (x-2)4 (1-2)4 (-1-2)4 (-1)4 (-3)4 1-81 80
7) ∫-1 (x-2)3 dx=( ) = - = - = = =20;
4 -4 4 4 4 4 4 4

2π x x 2π 2π -π 1 1 3+3
45.1) ∫-π sin dx=3(- cos ) =- 3cos + 3cos =-3 (- ) +3∙ = =3;
3 3 -π 3 3 2 2 2
2 dx 1 2
2)∫-2 =2∙ √2x+5-2 =√2∙2+5-√2∙(-2)+5=√9-√1=3-1=2;
√2x+5 2
3π dx 3π 0 π
3) ∫0 cos2 x =tg 9 -tg 9 =tg 3 -tg 0=√3-0=√3;
9
6 dx 1 6
4) ∫-2 √x+3 = 2 √x+3-2 =√6+3-√(-2)+3=√9-√1=3-1=2;

2π 2π 2π
x x 2 2x x x x x
46.1)∫0 ( sin + cos ) dx= ∫0 (sin
3 3 +cos2 +2 sin ∙ cos ) dx= ∫03 (1+ sin )dx=
4 4 4 4 4 4 2
2π 2π
x 2π 0 2π π 2π 1 2π
=(x-2cos ) = -2 cos 3 3
-(0-2 cos )= -2 cos +2= -2∙ +2= + 1;
2 0 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 3
2
2 (1+2x)4 (1+2∙2)4 -(1+2∙0)4 625-1 624
2)∫0 (1+2x)3 dx=( ) = = = =78;
2∙4 0 8 8 8

π π
1 12 π 1 π 1
3)∫0 (1+ cos 2x)dx=(x+ sin 2x) =(
12 + sin 2∙ )-(0+ sin 2∙0) =
2 0 12 2 12 2
π 1 π π 1 1 π 1
= + sin )-0= + ∙ = + ;
12 2 6 12 2 2 12 4
4
4 √x 4 1 x2 42 12
4)∫1 (x+ ) dx= ∫1 (x+ ) dx=( +2√x) = +2√4- ( +2√1) =8+4-2,5=9,5;
x √x 2 1 2 2

2
2 2 x2 22 02
5)∫0 (√x-1)(√x+1)dx= ∫0 (x-1)dx=( -x) = -2-( -0)=2-2+0=0;
2 0 2 2

9
 4
4 3√x3 +3x+2√x 4 3x2 3∙42
47.1)∫1 dx= ∫1 (3x+3√x+2)dx=( +2√x +2x) =
3 +2√43 +2∙4-
√x 2 1 2

3∙12
-( +2√13 +2∙1)=24+16+8-1,5-2-2=42,5 ;
2
9
9 3x3 -√x5 9 3x2 2 3∙92 2 2
3 3∙4 2 √ 3
2) 3 √
∫4 x2 dx= ∫4 (3x-√x)dx=( 2 - 3 √x ) = 2 - 3 9 - 2 - 3 4 )=
4
16 159 16 477+32 509 5
=121,5-18-24+ = + = = =84 ;
3 2 3 6 6 6

4 1+x2 4 1 2 2 2 4
3)∫1 dx= ∫1 ( +√x3 ) dx=(2√x+ √x5 ) = 2√4+ √45 − (2√1+ √15 ) =
√x √x 5 1 5 5
64 2 62
=8+ -2- =6+ =6+12,4=18,4;
5 5 5
16
16 4√x+√x 16 1 4 4
= √163 +16-( √43 +4)=8+16-2√2-4=20-2√2;
4
4)∫1 dx= ∫1 ( 4 +1) dx=(√x +x)
3
√x √x 4

1 1 x 1
1 x 1 -x 2-x 2-1 -2-0 0,5-1 0,5 1
48.1)∫0 0,5 dx= ∫0 ( ) dx= ∫0 2 dx=(- ) =- ( ) =- = = ;
2 ln 2 0 ln 2 ln 2 ln 2 2∙ ln 2
1
1 2x e2x e2∙1 -e2∙0 e2 -1
2)∫0 e dx=( ) = = ;
2 0 2 2
1
1 x 2x 21 -2-2 2-0,25 1,75 7
3) ∫-2 2 dx=( ) = ( )= = = ;
ln 2 -2 ln 2 ln 2 ln 2 4∙ ln 2
2 1
2 x 3x 32 -3-2 9-9 81-1 80
4) ∫-2 3 dx=( ) = ( )= = = ;
ln 3 -2 ln 3 ln 3 9∙ln 3 9∙ ln 3

7 2dx
49.1)∫1 =(2∙ ln x)71 =2(ln 7 - ln 1)=2∙ (ln 7-0)=2∙ln 7;
x
1 dx 1 1 1 1
2) ∫-1 3-2x =-( 2 ∙ ln (3-2x)) =- 2 (ln (3-2∙1) - ln (3-2∙(-1))=- 2 ∙ (ln 1-ln 5)=ln √5;
-1
e dx e
3) ∫1 x =( ln x)1 =(ln e - ln 1)=1-0=1;
3 dx 1 3 1 1 3
4) ∫1 3x+1 = 3 ( ln (3x+1))1 = 3 (ln (3∙3+1) - ln (3∙1+1))= 3 (ln 10-ln 4)=ln √2,5;

4
4 5 2 7 2 7 7
2 256-2 254 2
50.1)∫1 x dx=( ∙x ) = (42 -12 ) = (27 -1)=
2 2 = =36 ;
7 1 7 7 7 7 7
8
8 4dx 8 -2 1 1 1
2)∫1 2 =4 ∫1 x dx=(4∙3∙x )1 =12(83 -13 )=12(2-1)=12;
3 3
x3
e 2 e2 dx 2
3)∫e 2x-1 dx=2 ∫e =2( ln x)ee =2( ln e2 - ln e)=2(2 ln e- ln e)=2∙ ln e=2∙1=2;
x
3 7 1 7 7
1 4 20 20 20 6
4) ∫0 5x dx=5( ∙x ) = (14 -04 ) = (1-0)= =2 ;
4 4
7 0 7 7 7 7

10
 π/4 dx π 1
51.1)∫0 =tg -tg 0=1-0=1= ∫0 dx=x10 =1-0=1;
cos2 x 4
π/2 π 1 1 1/4 dx 1 1 1 1 1 1
2)∫0 sin xdx=- cos + cos 0=1- = = ∫1/16 =2√ -2√ =2∙ ( - ) =2∙ = ;
3 2 2 √x 4 16 2 4 4 2
x5
53.1)y=x4; y=0; x=-1; x=1; F(x)= ( ) ;
5
5
1 (-1)5 2
F(1)-F(-1)= - = ;
5 5 5

x5
2) y=x ; y=1; x=-1; x=1;y1=1-x ; F(x)=(x- ) ;
4 4
5
15 (-1)5 1 1 2 3
F(1)-F(-1)=1- -(-1- )=1- +1- =2- =1 ;
5 5 5 5 5 5

x3
3)y=x2-4x+5; y=0; x=0; x=4; F(x)= -2x2 +5x;
3
43 2 03 64 64-36 28 1
F(4)-F(0)= -2∙4 +5∙4-( -2∙02 +5∙0)= -32+20-0= = =9 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3
3
2 x
2
4) y=x -4x+5; y=5; x=0; x=4; y1=y-y=5- x +4x-5=4x-x ; F(x)= 2 2
2x - ;
3
3
2 4 03 64 96-64 32 2
F(4)-F(0)= 2∙4 - -( -2∙02 )=32- -0= = =10 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3
x4
3
54.1) y=1-x ; y=0; x=0; x=1; S(x)=x- ;
4
14 04 1 3
S=S(b)-S(a)=S(1)-S(0)=1- -0- -0=1- = ;
4 4 4 4
2)

54

11
 1 π 5π 1 1
4) y=sin x; y= ;x= ;x= ; y1=sin x- ; F(x)=-cos x- x;
2 3 6 2 2
5π π 5π 1 5π π 1 π √3 5π 1 π √3+1 π
F( )-F( )=-cos - ∙ +cos + ∙ = - + + = - ;
6 3 6 2 6 3 2 3 2 12 2 6 2 12
2 2 2
55.1)y=4x-x ; y=4-x; y1=4x-x -4+x=-(x -5x+4);
x3 5x2 43 5∙42 13 5∙12
F(x)=-( - +4x); F(4)-F(1)=-( - +4∙4)+ - +4∙1=
3 2 3 2 3 2
64 1 5 64-1
=- +40-16+ - +4=28- -2,5=28-21-2,5=4,5;
3 3 2 3
16 16 3 16
2) y=
x2 ; y=2x; x=2;x=4; x2 =2x; x =8;x=2; y=2x- 2 ; x
16 2 16 2 16
F(x)=x2 + ;F(4)-F(2)=4 + -2 - =16+4-4-8=8;
x 4 2
3)y=x ; y=2x; x2-2x=0; x=0; x=2; y=2x-x2;
2
3 3 3
2 x 2 2 0 8 12-8 4
F(x)= x - ; F(2)-F(0)=2 - - +02 =4- = = ;
3 3 3 3 3 3
4) y=6-2x; y=6+x-x2; 6-2x=6+x-x2; x2-3x=0; x=0; x=3;
3x2 x3
y=6+x-x2-6+2x=3x-x2; F(x)= - ;
2 3
3∙32 33 3∙02 03
F(3)-F(0)= - - - =13,5-9=4,5;
2 3 2 3
56.1) y=x -4x+4=(x-2) ; y=4-x2; x2-4x+4=4-x2; 2x2-4x; x=0; x=2;
2 2

2x3
y=4-x2-x2+4x-4=4x-2x2; F(x)=2x2- ;
3
3 3
2 2∙2 2 2∙0 16 24-16 8
F(2)-F(0)= 2·2 - - 2·0 - =8- = = ;
3 3 3 3 3
2)y=x -2x+2; y=2+6x-x ; x -2x+2=2+6x-x2; 2x2-8x=0; x2-4x=0; x=0; x=4;
2 2 2

2x3
y1 =2+6x-x2-x2+2x-2; y=8x-2x2; F(x)=4x2- ;
3
3 3
2 2·4 2 2·0 128 192-128 64 1
F(4)-F(0)=4·4 - - 4·0 + =64- = = =21 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3
3) y=x ; y=2x-x ; 2x-x =x ; 2x-2x =0; x-x =0; x=0; x=1; y1=2x-x2-x2=2x-2x2;
2 2 2 2 2 2

2x3 2·13 2·03 2 3-2 1

F(x)= x2- ; F(1)-F(0)=12- - 0 2+ =1- = = ;
3 3 3 3 3 3
x3 x4
4) y=x2; y=x3; x3=x2; x=0; x=1; y1=x2-x3; F(x)= - ;
3 4
13 14 03 04 1 1 1
F(1)-F(0)= - - + = - = ;
3 4 3 4 3 4 12
3
2 x
57. 1)y=4x-x ;y=0; 4x-x =0; x=0; x=4; F(x)=2x - ;
2 2
3
3 3
4 0 64 96-64 32 2
F(4)-F(0)= 2·42- -2·02- =32- = = =10 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3
x2 x3
2)y=x-x2; y=0; x-x2=0; x=0; x=1; F(x)= - ;
2 3
12 13 02 03 1
F(1)-F(0)= - - + = ;
2 3 2 3 6
1 1
3)y= 2 ; y=0; x=1; x=2; F(x)=- ;
(x+1) x+1
1 1 1 1 1
F(2)-F(1)=- + =- + = ;
2+1 1+1 3 2 6
12
 1 1 1 1 1 1
4) y= 2 ; y=0; x=1; x=0; F(x)=- ; F(1)-F(0)=- + =- +1= ;
(x+1) x+1 1+1 0+1 2 2

58

1 3 1
60.1)y= ;x=- ; x=0; y=1; y1 = -1; F(x)=2√x+1-x;
√x+1 4 √x+1
3 3 3 3 1
F(0)-F(- )= 2√0+1-0-(2√- +1-(- ))=2-1- = ;
4 4 4 4 4
1 1 1 1
2)y= ; y=2; x=0; =2; √1-x= ; 1-x=
√1-x √1-x 2 4
3 1
x= ;2- ; F(x)=2x-2√1-x;
4 √1-x
3 3 3 3 1
F( )-F(0)= 2·( )-2√1- = -1-2·0+2√1-0=2+ =2,5
4 4 4 2 2
1 1 1
3)y=x; y= 2 ; x=2; x= ; x3 =1;x=1; y1=x- ;
x x2 x2
x2 1 22 1 12 1 5-1+1+2 7
F(x)= - ;F(2)-F(1)= - + + = = ;
2 x 2 2 2 1 2 2
1 2 2 2
4)x= ; y=2x; y= ; =2x; x=1; y2= 2-2x;
2 x2 x2 x
2 1 2 2 1 2 1 1
F(x)=- -x2 ; F(1)-F ( ) =- -12 -(- 1 - ( ) =-2-1+4+ =1 ;
x 2 1 2 4 4
2

61.1)y=x2+4x+5; y=11-x2; x2+4x+5=11-x2; 2x2+4x-6;

x2+2x-3=0; x=1; x=-3; y1=11-x2-x2-4x-5; y=6-4x-2x2;
3 3 3
2 2x 2 2∙1 2 2∙(-3)
F(x)=6x-2x - ; F(1)-F(-3)=6∙1-2∙1 - -(6∙(-3)-2∙(-3) - =
3 3 3
2 2 1
=6-2- +18+18-18=22- =21 ;
3 3 3
4 4 4
62.1) y= ; x+y=5; y=5-x; =5-x; x2 -5x+4; x=1; x=4; y1=5-x-
x x x
x2 42 12
F(x)=5x- -4·ln x; F(4)-F(1)= 5·4- -4·ln 4-(5·1- -4·ln 1)=
2 2 2
=20-8-4·ln 4-5+0,5=7,5-4·ln 4;
13
 x π 3π x
63.3)y=sin ; y=0; x= ; x= ; F(x)=-2cos ;
2 2 2 2
3π π
3π π 2 2 3π π
F( )-F( )=-2cos +2cos =-2cos +2cos =2√2;
2 2 2 2 4 4

9x 3x
x
64.2) y=3 ; y=9 ; x=1; x=0,5; F(x)=x
- ;
ln 9 ln 3
91 31 90,5 30,5 9-2∙3-3+2√3 2√3 √3
F(1)-F(0,5)= - -( - )= = = ;
ln 9 ln 3 ln 9 ln 3 2∙ ln 3 2∙ ln 3 ln 3

1 x
65.3)y=( ) =2-x ; y=1; x=-2; 2-x = 1; x=0;
2
2-x
-x
y1=2 -1; F(x)=- -x; F(0)-F(-2)=
ln 2
2-0 2-(-2) 4-1-2 ln 2 3-2 ln 2
=- -0+ +(-2)= = ;
ln 2 ln 2 ln 2 ln 2

1
66.4)y=3- ; y=0; x=-6; x=-3; F(x)=3x-ln |x|;
x
(-6)
F(-3)-F(-6)=3(-3)-ln |-3|-3(-6)+ ln|-6| =-9+ ln +18=9+ln 2≈9+1=10
(-3)

1 1 1 1
67.2) y = x√3 ; y= ; x= ; x√3 = ; x1+√3 =11 ;x=1; y1= − x√3 ;
x 2 x x

𝑥 √3+1 1√3+1 0,5√3+1

F(x)=ln x- ; F(1)-F(0,5)= ln 1- - ln 0,5 + =
√3+1 √3+1 √3+1
1
=-1+ ln 2 + ;
2√3+1 √3+1
(x-2)3
2
70.y=8x-2x ; x=0; x=2; y=8; y1=8-8x+2x = 2(x-2) ; F(x)= 2 2
;
3
(2-2)3 (0-2)3 8
F(2)-F(0)= − = ;
3 3 3
71.f(x)=8-0,5x ; x=-2; x=1; f(x)=f(x0)+f‫(׳‬x0)(x-x0); f(-2)=8-0,5·(-2)2=8-2=6;
2

f′(x)=-x;f′(-2)=-(-2)=2; f(x)=6+2(x+2)=10+2x; y1=10+2x-8+0,5x2=0,5x2+2x+2;

0,5x3 0,5∙13 0,5∙(-2)3
F(x)= 2
+x +2x; F(1)-F(-2)= +1 +2∙1-2
-(-2)2 -2∙(-2)=
3 3 3
9 1
=3+ =4 ;
6 2
1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1
72.y=2x-x2; x=0; x= ; f(x0)=2∙ - ( ) =1- = ; f′(x)=f′( )=2-2x=2-2∙ ( ) =1 ;
2 2 2 4 4 2 2
3 1 1 1 1 x3 x2 x
f(x)= +x- =x+ ; y1 =x+ -2x+x2 =x -x+ ; F(x)= - 2
+ ;
4 2 4 4 4 3 2 4
1 3 1 2 1
1 ( ) ( ) 32-24+6 14 7
2 2 2
F( )-F(0)= - + -0= = = ;
2 3 2 4 12 12 6

14
85.y=x2-4; y=0; x=3; y=2x-5; y1=x2-4-2x+5=x2-2x+1=(x-1)2; 2x-5=0;
(x-1)3 (3-1)3 (2,5-1)3 8 27 64-27 27 9
x=2,5; F(x)= ; F(3)-F(2,5)= - = - = = = ;
3 3 3 3 24 24 24 8
1 2 1
88.1) y=x2+1; x=0; x=1; y=0; V=∫0 π(x2 +1) dx=π ∫0 (x4 +2x2 +1)dx=
1
x5 2x3 15 2∙13 05 2∙03 1 2 28 13
=π( + +x) =π ( + +1) - ( + +0) =( + +1)π= π=1 π;
5 3 0 5 3 5 3 5 3 15 15
2) y=√x; x=0; x=4; y=0;
4
4 2 4 x2 42 02
V= ∫0 π(√x) dx=π ∫0 xdx=π( ) =π( - )=8π;
2 0 2 2
3) y=√x; x=1; x=0; y=0;
1
1 2 1 x2 12 02
V= ∫0 π(√x) dx=π ∫0 xdx=π( ) =π( - )=0,5π;
2 0 2 2
1 2 1
4)y=1-x2; y=0; x=1; x=-1; V=∫-1 π(1-x2 ) dx=π ∫-1(x4 -2x2 +1)dx=
1
x5 2x3 15 2∙13 (-1)5 2∙(-1)3 2 4 16 1
=π( - +x) =π ( - +1) - ( - -1) =( - +2)π= π=1 π;
5 3 -1 5 3 5 3 5 3 15 15
1
1 2 2 2 x3 x5 13 15 2
89.1)y=x ; y=x; V=
2
π∫0 ((x) -(x ) )dx=π ( - ) =π( - )=π ;
3 5 0 3 5 15

H
90.V=πH2(R- );
3

π∙H
91.V= (R2 +r2 +R∙r);
3

H
92. V= (S+s+√S∙s;
3

1
93.V= πR2H;
3

94. 5 sm=0,05 m; k·0,05=3; k=600; F=600x; a=0; b=0,05 m;

0,05 0,05
A=∫0 600xdx=(300x2 )0 =300∙(0,05)2 -0=0,75 j;

95.a=1sm=0,01m; b=4 sm=0,04 sm; k·0,04=2; k=50; F=50x;

0,04 0,04
A=∫0,01 50xdx=(25x2 )0,01 =25∙(0,05)2 -25∙(0,01)2 =0,06 j;

96. 8 sm=0,08 m; k·0,08=4; k=50; F=50x; a=0; b=0,08 m;

0,08 0,08
A=∫0 50xdx=(25x2 )0 =25∙(0,08)2 -0=0,16 j;
97. 1 sm=0,01m; →1 kg; 5 sm=0,05m→5 kg; F=m·g=5·9,8=49
0,05 0,05
A=∫0 49xdx=(24,5x2 )0 =24,5∙(0,05)2 -0=0,61 j;
15
107.1) f(x)=10; df=(10)′dx=0dx=0;;
2)f(x)=10x+5; df=(10x+5)′dx=10dx;
3)f(x)=x2+5x-10; df=( x2+5x-10)′dx=(2x+5)dx;
4)f(x)=2x3-x2+3x-1; df=(2x3-x2+3x-1)′dx=(6x2-2x+3)dx;
1 1 1 1
108.1)f(x)= x3- x2+x-100; df=( x3- x2+x-100)′dx=(x2-x+1)dx;
3 2 3 2
2)f(x)=(x +6)(3x-1); df=((x +6)(3x-1))′dx=((x2+6)′(3x-1)+ (x2+6)(3x-1)′)dx=
2 2

=2x(3x-1)dx+3(x2+6)dx=(9x2-2x+18)dx;
3)f(x)=(x-1)(x2+x+1);df=((x-1)(x2+x+1))′dx=((x-1)′(x2+x+1)+(x-1)(x2+x+1)′)dx=
=(x2+x+1)dx+(x-1)(2x+1)dx=3x2dx;
4)f(x)=(x+1)(x2-2x+4);df=((x+1)(x2-2x+4))′dx=((x+1)′(x2+2x+4)+
+(x+1)(x2+2x+4)′)dx=(x2+2x+4)dx+ (x+1)(2x+2)dx=(3x2+6x+6)dx;
3 1
3
109.1) df=(2x2 )'dx= ∙2x2 dx;
2
7 4
7
2) df=(3x )'dx= ∙2x dx; 3 3
3
2
2 3 2 -1 2
3) df=(3∙√x )'dx=(3x )'dx=3· ∙x 3 dx= 3 dx;
3
3 √x
1 2
1 - 2
4) df=(−3∙x3 )'dx=-3· ∙x 3 dx=- 3 dx;
3 √x2
1 ' 1
110.1)df=( ) dx=- (x+1)2 dx;
x+1
' '
1 (x2 +x+1) 2x+1
2)df=( ) dx=- 2 dx= 2 dx;
x2 +x+1 (x2 +x+1) (x2 +x+1)
' '
x2 -4 (x2 -4) (x2 +4)-(x2 -4)(x2 +4)' 2x(x2 +4)-2x(x2 -4) 2x3 +8x-2x3 +8x 16x
3)df=( ) dx= 2 dx= 2 dx= 2 = 2 dx
x2 +4 (x2 +4) (x2 +4) (x2 +4) (x2 +4)
' '
1 (x2 -4) 2xdx
4)df=( ) dx=- 2 dx=- 2 ;
x2 -4 (x2 -4) (x2 -4)
111.1)df=(x+sin x)′dx=(1+cos x)dx;
2)df=(x·cos x)′dx=(x)′·(cos x)+x·(cos x)′=cos x-x·sin x;
3)df=(2x2-3x+1+cos x)′dx=(4x-3-sin x)dx;
sin x ' ( sin x)'∙x-sin x∙(x)' x∙ cos x- sin x
4)df=( ) dx= dx= dx;
x x2 x2
5)df=(2sin2 x)′dx=4·sin x·(sin x)′dx=4·sin x·cos xdx;
6)df=(-cos2x)′dx=-2cos x·(cos x)′dx=2cos x·sin xdx=sin 2xdx;

( sin x+1)' cos x

112.1)df=(√sin x+1 )'dx= dx= dx;
2√sin x+1 2√sin x+1
2)df=(sin 2x+cos 3x)′dx=(2cos 2x-3sin 3x)dx;
1 1
113.1)df=( ·tg3 x)'dx=tg2 x·(tg x)'dx=tg2 x· 2 dx;
3 cos x
1-cos x ' ( 1-cos x)'∙sin x-(1-cos x)∙(sin x)' x∙ cos x- sin x
4)df=( ) dx= 2 dx= dx;
sin x (sin x) (sin x)2

16
114.1)df=(e-x)′dx=-e-xdx; 2) df=(3x)′dx=3x·ln 3dx;
3) df=(x2·e-x)′dx=(x2)′e-x+x2·(e-x)′=(2x· e-x- x2·e-x)dx;
4) df=(e2x)′dx=2e2xdx;
1
115.1)df=(xn·ln x)′dx=((xn)′ln x+xn·(ln x)′)dx=(n·xn-1·ln x+xn· = n·xn-1·ln x+xn-1)dx
x
(ex)' e 1
3)df=(ln ex)′dx= dx= dx= dx;
ex ex x
116.y′=(5e )′dx=3·5 e =3y′;
3x 3x

117.y′=(7e-2x)′=-2·7 e-2xdx=-2y;
118. y′=(3e-7x)′=-7·3 e-7xdx=-7y;
119.y=x3; y′=(x3)′=3x2; xy′=x·3x2=3x3=3y; xy′=3y;
120.y=sin 4x; y′=(sin 4x)′=4cos 4x; y′′=(4cos 4x)′=-16sin 4x; y′′+16y=0;
' '
x3 ' x3 x2 '' x2 x2 x3
121.y=3x-8+ ;y = (3x-8+ ) =3+ ;y = (3+ ) =x;y′′=x; y′= +C;y= +Cx+C1 ;
6 6 2 2 2 6
122.1)y(t)=3cos(2t+π); y′=(3cos(2t+π))′=-2(3sin(2t+π)); y′′=-4(3cos(2t+π))=-4y;
1 π 1 π 1 1 π 1 1 π 1
2)y(t)=4sin( t+ );y' =(4sin( t+ ))'= (4cos ( t+ )) ;y'' =- (4sin ( t+ ) =- y;
2 3 2 3 2 2 3 4 2 3 4
3)y(t)=2cos 4t; y′=(2cos 4t)′=-4(2sin 4t); y′′=-16(2cos 4t)=-16y; y′′+16y=0;
1 1 ' 1
'
4)y(t)= sin(0,1t+1) ; y = ( sin(0,1t+1)) =0,1( cos(0,1t+1));
3 3 3
1 ''
y''=-0,01( sin(0,1t+1) =-0,01y; y +0,01y=0;
3
123.1)y′=0; y=C; 2) y′′=0; y′=C; y=Cx+C2;
3)y′′+9y=0; y′′=-9y; y′′=-9sin 3x ; y′=3cos 3x; y=sin 3x;
x5 x3 x4
4)y′=x ; y= +C; 5) y′′=x ; y′= +C;
4
y= +Cx+C1 ; 2
5 3 12
5)y′′+25y=0; y′′=-25y; y′′=-25sin 5x ; y′=5cos 5x; y=sin 5x;
124.1)y′′=-25y; y′′+25y=0; y′′=-25y; y′′=-25sin 5x ; y′=5cos 5x; y=sin 5x;
1
2) y'' +4y=0; y'' +36y=0; y''=-36y; y''=-36sin 6x ; y'=6cos 6x; y=sin 6x;
9
16
3) 4y′′+16y=0; y′′=- y; y′′=-4sin 2x ; y′=2cos 2x; y=sin 2x;
4
1 1 1 1
4)4y′′=- ; y′′=- ; y′=- x+C; y=- x2 +Cx+C1 ;
4 16 4 8
125.y′′+9y=0; 1)y(0)=5;y′(0)=0;w2=9; w=3;y=A·cos 3·0+B·sin 3·0=5;A·1=5;A=5;
y′=(B·sin 3t+A·cos 3t)′=3·B·cos t-3·A·sin t;
y′(0)= 3B·cos 0-3A·sin 0=3B·1-A·0=B=0; 3B=0;B=0; y=5cos 3t;
2)y(0)=0; y′(0)=5; w2=9; w=3; y=A·cos 3·0+B·sin 3·0=0; A·1=0; A=0;
y′=(B·sin 3t+A·cos 3t)′=3B·cos t-3A·sin t;
5 5
y′(0)= 3B·cos 0-3A·sin 0=3B·1-A·0=B=5; 3B=5;B= ; y= sin 3t;
3 3
126.1)x=2cos (2t-1); x′(t)=( 2cos (2t-1))′=-4sin(2t-1);
x′′(t)=-2(2sin(2t-1))′=-4(2cos (2t-1)=-4·x(t); x′′+4·x(t)=0;
π π π
2) x=6,4cos (0,1t+ ); x′(t)=(6,4cos (0,1t+ ))′=-0,1(6,4sin(0,1t+ );
7 7 7
π π
x′′(t)=-0,1(6,4sin(0,1t+ ))′=-0,01(6,4cos (0,1t+ )=-0,01·x(t); x′′+0,01·x(t)=0;
7 7
17
128.t min; C radi m. mgram; m′(t)=-k·m(t); k>0; m(t)=Ce-kt;
129.m(3)=0,5 g A;m(t1)=0,125 g;m′(t)=-k·m(t);m(3)=Ce-0,5·3m(t1)=Ce-0,5t1=0,125;
T'(t)
131. T′(t)=-k(T(t)-T1); =-k; ln(T(t)-T1 ) =-k∙t+ ln C; T(t)-T1 =C∙e-kt ;
T(t)-T1
T(t)=T1+C·e ; T(200)=0+C·e-200k= T(100)=0+C·e-100k;
-kt

cos 2x
134.1) F′(x)=(x2+3x+1)′=2x+3=f(x); 2)F′(x)=-( +3x)'=sin 2x+3=f(x);
2
x4 x x
3)F′(x)=- ( +5x+2)'=-x3 +5=f(x); 4)F′(x)=(-2sin +x)′=-cos +1;
4 2 2
5) F′(x)=(x -x)′=2x-1=f(x);
2
7) F′(x)=(x+cos x)′=1-sin x=f(x);
1
135.1) F(x)=x+C; 2) F(x)=2x+C; 3) F(x)= ·x+C; 4) F(x)=-3x+C;
2

x2 a∙x2 x2
136.2) a)F(x)= +C; b)F(x)=x2+C; c) F(x)= +C; d) F(x)=− +C;
2 2 2

3x2 2 3x2 3x2

137.1)F(x)=- +√2∙x+C; 2)F(x)=x +m∙x+C; 3)F(x)=- +C; 4)F(x)=- +2x+C;
2 2 2
x2 a∙x2 x3 x3
5) F(x)= +mx+C; 6) F(x)= +mx+C; 7) F(x)=- +C; 8) F(x)= +C;
2 2 3 3

2x-1 x3
138.1) F(x)= +C; 2) F(x)= +3x+C; 3)F(x)=cos 2x+C;
-1 3
x8 1
4) F(x)=sin 2x+C; 5) F(x)= +C; 6)F(x)=− +C;
8 x
1
x4 x101 x-100
139.1) F(x)= +C; 2) F(x)= +C; 3) F(x)=− +C; 4) F(x)= 4x4 +C;
4 101 100
x5 x-3 4 7 1
2
5) F(x)= +C; 6) F(x)=− +C; 7) F(x)= x4 +C; 8) F(x)=-2x-2 +C=- +C;
5 3 7 √x

140.1) F(x)=2√7+3x+C; F(3)=2√7+3∙3+C=8; C=8-8; C=0; F(x)=2√7+3x;

1 1 1 1 1 1
2)F(x)=-4√3-2x+C;F(- )=-4√3-2∙(- )+C= ;C= +8;C=8 ;F(x)=2√7+3x+8 ;
2 2 16 16 16 16
2π 2π
3)F(x)=-tg (π-x)+C;F(- )=-tg (π+ )+C=-√3;C=-√3-√3=-2√3;F(x)=-tg (π-x)-2√3;
3 3
π π π π π
4)F(x)=-ctg ( +x)+C; F(- )=-ctg ( - )+C=-1; C=-1-1=-2; F(x)=-ctg ( +x)-2;
2 4 2 4 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
141.1)F(x)= cos(1-2x)+C;F( )= cos(1-2· )+C=3;C=3- =2,5;F(x)= cos(1-2x)+2,5
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1
2)F(x)= sin(2x-1)+C;F( )= sin(2· -1)+C=2;C=2-0=2;F(x)= sin(2x-1)+2;
2 2 2 2 2
2 2
3)F(x)= ∙ ln(3x-2) +2π∙ctg(0,5πx)+C; F(1)= ∙ ln(3∙1-2) +2π∙ctg(0,5π∙1)+C=2;
3 3
2
C=2-0-0=2; F(x)= ∙ ln(3x-2) +2π∙ctg(0,5πx)+2;
3
1 1
4) F(x)= ∙ ln(2x) -2π∙ctg(0,5πx)+C; F(1)= ∙ ln(2∙1) +2π∙ctg(0,5π∙1)+C=3;
2 2
1 1 1
C=3- ∙ ln 2-0=3- ∙ ln 2; F(x)= ∙ ln x +2π∙ctg(0,5πx)+2;
2 2 2
18
 π π
142.1)F(x)=-sin(2π-x)+C; F(− )=-sin(2π+ )+C=-1; c=-1-1=-2; F(x)=-sin(2π-x)-2;
2 2
π π π
2) F(x)=sin( +x)+C; F(π)=sin( +π)+C=-1; C=-1+1=0; F(x)=sin( +x);
2 2 2
1 π 1 π 1
3)F(x)=- cos 2x+C; F( )=- cos 2· +C=-2; C=-2-0=-2; F(x)=- cos 2x-2;
2 4 2 4 2
π π
4) F(x)=√2·sin x+C; F( )=√2·sin +C=2; C=2-0=2; F(x)=√2·sin x+2;
2 2

143.2)a)y=sin x; y=0; F(x)=-cos x; S=F(π)-F(0)=-cos π+cos 0=1+1=2;

x4 04 (-2)4
b)y=-x3; y=0; x=-2; x=0; F(x)=- ; S=F(0)-F(-2)=- + =4;
4 4 4
(x-1)3 3
(3-1) (0-1)3 8 1 9
c)y=(x-1)2; y=0; x=3; x=1; F(x)= ; S=F(3)-F(0)= - = + = =3;
3 3 3 3 3 3
x3
d)y=3-2x-x2; y=0; x=0; x=-2; F(x)=3x-x2- ;
3
2 0
3
(-2)3 8 30-8 22 1
S=F(0)-F(-2)=3·0-0 - -3·(-2)+(-2) + 2
=6+4- = = =7 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3

3 2 0
144.1)∫1 dx=x31 =3-1=2; 2) ∫1 4dx=4x21 =4(2-1)=4; 3) ∫-3 (-1)dx=-x0-3 =-(0+3)=-3;

2 1
2 x3 x4 24 -04 16 1 5 x6 16 -06 1
145.1)∫0 dx=( ) = = =1; 2)∫0 2x dx=( ) = = ;
4 16 0 16 16 3 0 3 3
4 3 3
1 4
4 1 2 3 2(42 -12 ) 2(8-1) 14 4 -1 3 3
3)∫1 x2 dx= (x2 )1 = = = ; 4) ∫1 x 2 dx=2(x2 )1 =2(42 -12 )=2(8-1)=14
3 3 3 3

π 1 π 1 1 π 1 1
146.2)∫-π/4 cos 2xdx=( sin 2x) = ( sin 2∙π- sin 2∙(- )=0+ = ;
2 -π/4 2 2 4 2 2
π
π/2 π/2 1- cos 2x x sin 2x π/2 π 0 sin 2∙ sin 2∙0 π-1
3)∫0 sin2 xdx= ∫0 dx=( - ) = ( - ) -( 4
- )= ;
2 2 4 0 4 2 4 4 4

π
147.1)∫0 |cos x|dx=|sin x|π0 =|sin π|-|sin 0|=|0|-|0| =0;

2 2
148.1)∫1 (x2 +1)dx>0; 2) ∫1 (1-x2 )dx<0;
1 1 1 1 1
149.1)∫0 sin 2tdt=- (cos 2t ) =- ( cos 2∙1- cos 2∙0)= (1- cos 2)>0;
2 0 2 2
a 0 a -a a a
150.f(-x)=f(x);∫-a f(x)dx= ∫-a f(x)dx+ ∫0 f(x)dx= - ∫0 f(x)dx+ ∫0 f(x)dx=2 ∫0 f(x)dx;
3x2 x3
2 2
151.1)y=x ; y=3x; x=0; x=3; y1=3x-x ; F(x)=( - );
2 3
3∙12 13 3∙02 03 3 1 9-2 7
S=F(1)-F(0)= - -( - )= - = = ;
2 3 2 3 2 3 6 6
x3
2)y=x2-4x+6;y=1;x=1;x=3;y1=x2-4x+6-1=x2-4x+5;F(x)= -2x2 +5x;
3
3 3
3 1 1 2
S=F(3)-F(1)= -2∙32 +5∙3- +2∙12 -5∙1=9-18+15- +2-5=2 ;
3 3 3 3
19
 x3
3)y=4-x2; y=3; x=-1;x=1; y1=4-x2-3=1-x2; F(x)=x- ;
3
3 3
1 (-1) 1 1 2
S=F(1)-F(-1)=(1- )-((-1)- )=1- +1- =1 ;
3 3 3 3 3
π π
4)y=cos x; y=1; x=- ; x= ; y1=1-cos x; F(x)=x-sin x;
2 2
π π π π π π π π
S=F( )-F(- )= -sin -(- -sin (- ))= -1+ -1=π-2;
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

152.1)y=√x; x+2y=3; y=1,5-0,5x; 2y-x=-3; y=-1,5+0,5x;

x=(1,5-0,5x)2;x=2,25-1,5x+0,25x2;0,25x2-2,5x+2,25=0;x2-10x+9=0;x=1;x=9;
2∙√x3 2∙√93 2∙√13 2 1
y1=√x-1,5+0,5x+1,5-0,5x=√x; F(x)= ;F(9)-F(1)= - =18- =17 ;
3 3 3 3 3
1 1
S=17 -1-9=7 ;
3 3
2∙√x3 x4
2)y=x ; y=√x; x=0; x=1; y1=√x-x ; F(x)=
3 3
− ;
3 4
2∙√13 14 2∙√03 04 2 1 8-3 5
S=F(1)-F(0)= - + - = - = = ;
3 4 3 4 3 4 12 12

2
153.1)y=√x+1; x=3; y=0; x=0; F(x)=( √(x+1)3 );
3
2 2 16 2 14
S=F(3)-F(0)= ( √(3+1)3 )-( √(0+1)3 )= - = ;
3 3 3 3 3
3)y=(x-3)2; y=9-2x; x=0; x=4; y1=9-2x-(x-3)2=9-2x-x2+6x-9=4x-x2;
x3 43 03 64 96-64 32 2
F(x)=2x2 - ; F(4)-F(0)= 2∙42 - − 2∙02 - =32- = = =10 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3 3

154.1)y=x2+1; y=2x+4; x2+1=2x+4; x2-2x-3=0; x=3; x=-1;

x3
y1=2x+4-x2-1=3+2x-x2; F(x)=3x+x2 - ;
3
3 3
2 3 2 (-1) 1 2
S=F(3)-F(-1)= 3∙3+3 - - (3∙(-1)+(-1) - ) =9+9-9+3-1- =10 ;
3 3 3 3
3)y=1-x2; y=2-2x; x=0;x=1; y1=2-2x-1+x2=x2-2x+1=(x-1)2;
(x-1)3 (1-1)3 (0-1)3 0 1 1
F(x)= ;F(1)-F(0)= - = + = ;
3 3 3 3 3 3
4
155.1) y= ; x=1; x=2; y=0; F(x)=4·ln x;
x
S=F(2)-F(1)=4(ln 2-ln 1)=4·ln 2≈4·1=4;
2
2) y=- ; x=-4; x=-1; y=0; F(x)=-2·ln IxI;
x
S=F(-1)-F(-4)=-2(ln I-1I-ln I-4I)=-2·(ln 1-ln 4=-2·(-ln 4)=2·ln 4≈2·2=4;
3
3) y= ; y=3; x=3; x=1; F(x)=3·ln x;
x
S=F(3)-F(1)=3(ln 3-ln 1)=3·ln 3;

20
 x2 x3
156.1)y=4-x2; y=x+2; x=-2; x=1; y1=2-x-x2; F(x)=2x- - ;
2 3
12 13 (-2)2 (-2)3 5 16 7
S=F(1)-F(-2)= 2∙1- - -(2∙(-2)- - )=2- +4+2- =8- =8-3,5=4,5;
2 3 2 3 6 6 2

x2 x3
2
2)y=x +2; y=4-x; x=-2; x=1; y1=2-x-x ; F(x)=2x- 2
- ;
2 3
12 13 (-2)2 (-2)3 5 16 7
S=F(1)-F(-2)= 2∙1- - -(2∙(-2)- - )=2- +4+2- =8- =8-3,5=4,5;
2 3 2 3 6 6 2

x3
3) y=4-x2; y=x2-4; x=-2; x=2; y1=4-x2-x2+4=2(4-x2);F(x)=2(4x- );
3
23 (-2)3 8 8 16 96-16 80 2
F(2)-F(-2)= 2(4∙2- ) − 2(4∙(-2)- )=16- +16- =32- = = =26 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

157.2)y=x2+3; y=2x2-x+1; 2x2-x+1=x2+3; x2-x-2=0; x=-1; x=2;

x2 x3
y1=x2+3-2x2+x-1=2+x-x2; F(x)=2x+ - ;
2 3
22 23 (-1)2 (-1)3 8 5 7
S=F(2)-F(-1)= 2∙2+ - -(2∙(-1)+ - )=6- +2- =8- =8-3,5=4,5;
2 3 2 3 3 6 2
4
3)y=2√x-1; x=2; x=5; y=0; F(x)= ∙ √(𝑥 − 1)3 ;
3
4 4 4 4 28 1
S=F(5)-F(2)= ∙√(5 − 1)3 - ∙√(2 − 1)3 = (23 -13 )= ∙7= =9 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3

(x-1)4
158.1) y=(x-1)3; y=8; x=2; x=3; y1=8-(x-1)3; F(x)=8x- ;
4
(3-1)4 (2-1)4 1 1
S=F(3)-F(2)= 8∙3- -(8∙2- )=24-4-16+ =4 ;
4 4 4 4
1 1
3)y= ; y=1; x=e; x=1; y1=1- ; F(x)=x-ln x;
x x
S=F(e)-F(1)=e-ln e-1+ln 1=e-1-1+0=e-2;

𝑥3
159.y=|𝑥 2 − 4|; x=-1; x=2; F(x)=| − 4𝑥| ;
3
23 13 5 2
F(2)-F(-1)= | − 4 ∙ 2 − + 4 ∙ 1| = |− | =1 ;
3 3 3 3
160.y=x2-2x+2; (0;2); (3;5); f(x0)=f(0)=02-2·0+2=2; f′(x0)=2x0-2=2·0-2=-2;
f(x)=f(x0)+f′(x0)(x-x0)=2-2(x-0)=2-2x;
f(x0)=f(3)=32-2·3+2=5; f′(x0)=2x0-2=2·3-2=4;
f(x)=f(x0)+f′(x0)(x-x0)=5+4(x-3)=4x-7;
x3
y1=x -2x+2-2+2x-4x+7=x -4x+7; F(x)= -2x2 +7x;
2 2
3
23 13 8 1 7 1
S=F(2)-F(1)= -2∙22 +7∙2-( -2∙12 +7∙1)= -8+14- +2-7=1+ =3 ;
3 3 3 3 3 3

x3 23 2 03 1
2
161.1)|y|≤-x +2x; x=0; x=2; F(x)= − 2
+x ; F(2)-F(0)= - +2 + -02 =3 ;
3 3 3 3
21
 t2 02 t2
162. V(t)=t+3t2; x(0)=1; x(t)= +t3 +x0 ; x(0)= +03 +x0 =1; x0 =1; x(t)= +t3 +1;
2 2 2

1 1
163.V(t)=cos πt; 1) t=2 sek.x(2)=2; x(t)= ∙ sin π∙t+x0 ; x(2)= ∙ sin π∙2+x0 =2;
π π
1 3 3 1 3
x0=2-0; x0=2; x(t)= ∙ sin π∙t+2; t= ; x( )= ∙ sin π∙ +x0 =2;
π 2 2 π 2
1
x0=2+1; x0=3; x(t)= ∙ sin π∙t+3;
π

164.x(0)=20; 30-20=10; V0(t)=10m/sek;

165.V0(t)=15m/sek;t=2sek;x(2)=30m;x(t)=15·t+x0;x(2)=15·2+x0=30;x0=30-30=0;

1
166.V(t)= ; t=3 sek; x(t)=2√1+t; x(3)=2√1+3=2∙2=4 metr;
√1+t

1 3 t 3 3 3+6 9 3
167.V(t)= ; t=3 sek; x(t)=4√ + ; x(3)=4√ + =4√ =4√ =4 =6 m;
3 t 4 2 4 2 4 4 2
√ +
4 2

168.a=2t; 1)x(1)=10 m; V(1)=4 m/sek; V(t)=t2+V0; V(1)=12+V0=4;V0=4-1=3;

t3 13 2 t3 1
V(t)=t +3; x(t)= +3t+x0 ; x(1)= +3∙1+x0 =10; x0 =6 ; x(t)= +3t+6 ;
2
3 3 3 3 3
2 2
2)V(2)=6m/sek; x(3)=40 m; V(t)=t +V0; V(2)=2 +V0=6;V0=6-4=2;
t3 33 t3
V(t)=t +2; x(t)= +2t+x0 ; x(3)= +2∙3+x0 =40; x0 =25; x(t)= +2t+25;
2
3 3 3
169.a(t)=3·cos 3t; V0(t)=4,5 m/sek; V(t)=sin 3t+4,5;

1
170.a(t)=( +et ) ;V(1)=2;V(t)= ln t+et +V0 ;V(1)= ln 1+e1 +V0 =2;V0 =2-e;V(t)=ln t+et +2-e;
t

171.y=x·e-3x; y′=(x·e-3x)′= (x)′·e-3x+ x·(e-3x)′= e-3x-3·x·e-3x; y′+3·x·e-3x=e-3x;

y′+3·y=e-3x;
y'
172.1)y′=2y; =2; ln y=2x+ ln C ; y=C·e2x ;
y
1
1 y' 1 1 ·x
2) y′= ·y; = ; ln y= ·x+ ln C ; y=C·e ; 2
2 y 2 2
y'
3) y′=-10y; =-10; ln y=-10x+ ln C ; y=C·e-10x ;
y
y'
4) y′=10y; =10; ln y=10x+ ln C ; y=C·e10x ;
y
y'
5) y′=-2y; =-2; ln y=-2x+ ln C ; y=C·e-2x ;
y
1
1 y' 1 1 −2·x
6) y′=- ·y; =- ; ln y=- ·x+ ln C ; y=C·e ;
2 y 2 2

22
 y'
173. y′=5y; y(1)=7; =5; ln y=5x+ ln C ;y=C·e5x ;y(1)=C·e5∙1 =7; C=7∙e-5 ; y=7·e5x-5 ;
y

174. 1) y=32x; y′=(32x)′=2·32x; y′-2·32x=0; y′-2y=0;

1 2x 1 2x 1 1 2x 1 2x
2)y= ( ) ; y' =2∙( ) ∙ ln ( ) =-2∙ ( ) ∙ ln 3 ; y' +2∙ ( ) ∙ ln 3 =0; y' +2∙y∙ ln 3=0;
3 3 3 3 3

1 1 4
2 2
2 - 2 - 2 1 -3 2 1 2 1
175.y=d·x ; y′=( d·x )′=
3 3 d· x 3 ; y′′=( d· x 3 )′= d· ∙(- ∙x )=- ∙d2 ∙ 2 2
=- ∙d2 2 ;
3 3 3 3 9 9 y
d∙(x3 )
2 1 1 2 9
- ∙d2 2 =-d∙ 2; ∙d=1; d= ;
9 y y 9 2

176. y1=C1ex; y2=C2ex; y1′=(C1ex)′=C1ex; y1′′=(y1′)′=C1ex; C1ex+ C1ex=2·C1ex;

y1′′+y1′=2y1; y1′′+y1′-2y1=0;
y2′=(C2ex)′=C2ex; y2′′=(y2′)′=C2ex; C2ex+ C2ex=2·C2ex;
y2′′+y2′=2y2; y2′′+y2′-2y2=0;

x3 23 8 5 x3 -5
177.1)f′(x)=x ; f(2)=1; f(x)= +C; f(2)= +C=1; C=1- =- ; f(x)=
2
;
3 3 3 3 3
2)f′(x)=ex; f(0)=-2; f(x)=ex+C; f(0)=e0+C=-2; C=-2-1=-3; f(x)=ex-3;
1
3)f′(x)= ; (x>0); f(e)=1; f(x)=ln x+C; f(e)=ln e+C=1; C=1-1=0; f(x)=ln x;
x
1
4)f′(x)= ;(x<0); f(-1)=1;f(x)=ln IxI+C; f(-1)=ln I-1I+C=1;C=1-0=1;f(x)=ln IxI;
x
5)f′(x)=sin x; f(0)=2; f(x)=-cos x+C; f(0)=-cos 0+C=2;C=2+1=3;f(x)=-cos x+3;
π π π
6)f′(x)=2cos x;f( )=3;f(x)=2sin x+C;f( )=2sin +C=3;C=3-2=1;f(x)=2sin x+1;
2 2 2

178.Janköýerler 12 girelgäniň islendiginden girip galan 11 girelgäniň islendiginden

çykyp bilerler. Onda jemi çykmagyň usullary 12+11=23 usul;

179.12 adamyň 1-njisi özünden başga 11 adam bilen oýnar 2-njisi özünden başga
10 adam bilen oýnar 3-njisi özünden başga 9 adam bilen oýnar 4-njisi özünden
başga 8 adam bilen oýnar 5-njisi özünden başga 7 adam bilen oýnar 6-njysy
özünden başga 6 adam bilen oýnar 7-njisi özünden başga 5 adam bilen oýnar 8-
njisi özünden başga 4 adam bilen oýnar 9-njisi özünden başga 3 adam bilen
oýnar 10-njysy özünden başga 2 adam bilen oýnar we 11-nji we 12-nji adam
oýnar we jemi oýunlaryň sany 11+10+9+8+7+6+5+4+3+2+1=66

180.Her bir okuwçy özünden başga 24 okuwçydan surat alar we jemi 25

okuwçynyň her birinde 24 surat bolar we jemi 25·24=600 surat gerek;

23
181.12 toparyň 1-njisi özünden başga 11-topar bilen öz meýdançasynda we
myhmançylykda jemi 2·11 –oýun oýnar, 2-njisi özünden başga 10-topar bilen
öz meýdançasynda we myhmançylykda jemi 2·10 –oýun oýnar, 3-njisi
özünden başga 9-topar bilen öz meýdançasynda we myhmançylykda jemi 2·9
–oýun oýnar, 4-njisi özünden başga 8-topar bilen öz meýdançasynda we
myhmançylykda jemi 2·8 –oýun oýnar, 5-njisi özünden başga 7-topar bilen öz
meýdançasynda we myhmançylykda jemi 2·7 –oýun oýnar, 6-njysy özünden
başga 6-topar bilen öz meýdançasynda we myhmançylykda jemi 2·6 –oýun
oýnar, 7-njisi özünden başga 5-topar bilen öz meýdançasynda we
myhmançylykda jemi 2·5 –oýun oýnar, 8-njisi özünden başga 4-topar bilen öz
meýdançasynda we myhmançylykda jemi 2·4 –oýun oýnar, 9-njysy özünden
başga 3-topar bilen öz meýdançasynda we myhmançylykda jemi 2·3 –oýun
oýnar, 10-njysy özünden başga 2-topar bilen öz meýdançasynda we
myhmançylykda jemi 2·2 –oýun oýnar we 11-nji we 12-nji topar öz
meýdançasynda we myhmançylykda jemi 2·1 –oýun oýnar we jemi oýun sany
2·11+2*10+2*9+2*8+2*7+2*6+2*5+2*4+2*3+2*2+2*1=66*2=132;

182.12-adamdan 1-nji adamy jemi 12 usulda galan 11-adamdan 2-nji adamy 11

usulda galan 10-adamdan 3-nji adamy 10 usulda jemi 12 –adamdan 3-adamy
12+11+10=33 usulda saýlap almak bolar.

183. dört belgili sanda 0-san 1-nji orunda gelip bilmeýär ,onda
1035,1053,1305,1350,1503,1530
3015,3051,3150,3105,3501,3510
5013,5031,5130,5103,5301,5310 jemi 6·3=18 sanysyny düzüp bolar.

184. düzülen sanlaryň yzy 0-bilen gutarýanlary jübüt sanlar bolar 18:3=6 bolar;

185. telefon belgisiniň soňky 3-sany belgisiniň ýerleşdirmesi P3=3!=1·2·3=6 bolar

186.a)5000 uly bolmagy üçin 1-nji sifri 5 we soňky 3-sifriniň ýerleşdirmesi

P3=3!=6 we 5000 uly bolmagy üçin 1-nji sifri 6 we soňky 3-sifriniň
ýerleşdirmesi P3=3!=6 bolar we jemi 12 usulda ýazyp bolar.
b)5250< 1-nji sifri 5 2-nji sifri 2 bolan beýleki iki sifriň ýerleşmesi
P2-1=2!-1=2-1=1;
1-nji sifri 5 2-nji sifri 3 we 6 bolan beýleki iki sifriň ýerleşmesi
2·P2=2·2!=2·2=4;
1-nji sifri 6 beýleki 3 sifriniň ýerleşmesi P3=3!=6
Jemi 1+4+6=11; ýagny 5326,5362,5623,5632, 5263,
6235,6253,6523,6532,6352,6325-jemi 11 sany
ç)3000<P4=4!=4·3·2·1=24 sany d)6000< P3=3!=6 sany;
24
187. 5-oglanyň we 5-gyzyň 10-oturgyçda çalşyrmasy P10=10! Bolar;
5-oglanyň 1-3-5-7-9-njy orunlarda çalşyrmasy P5=5! We 5-gyzyň 2-4-6-8-10-
-njy orunlarda çalşyrmasy P5=5! Bolar;
188. 30!/90=(30·29·28·...·3·2·1)/90=(29·28·...5·4)·30·3·2·1/90-bölüner;

189.14!=14·13·12·11·10·9·8·7·6·5·4·3·2·1=12·3(14·13·11·10·9·8·7·6·5·4·2·1)=
=36(14·13·11·10·9·8·7·6·5·4·2·1) onda – 36 bölüner;

190.7!·6=6!·7·6=6!·42>6!·7;

191.(m+1)!·m=m!·(m+1)·m>m!·(m+1);

192.30!/96=(30·29·28·...·24·...·4·3·2·1)/96=24·4(30·29·28·...·25·23...·5·3·2·1)/96
=96(30·29·28·...·25·23...·5·3·2·1)/96=(30·29·28·...·25·23...·5·3·2·1)-bölüner.

10! 10! 10∙9∙8∙7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1

193. A310 = (10-3)! = = =10∙9∙8=720;
7! 7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1

4! 4! 4∙3∙2∙1
194. A34 = (4-3)! = = =4∙3∙2∙1=24;
1! 1

15! 15! 15∙14∙13∙12∙11

195. A515 = (15-5)! = = =360360;
10! 1

20! 20! 20∙19∙18

196. A320 = (20-3)! = = =6840;
17! 1

8! 8! 8∙7∙6∙5
197. A48 = (8-4)! = = =1680;
4! 1

18! 8! 18! 8! 18∙17∙16∙15∙14 8∙7∙6

198.C518 ∙C38 = ∙ = ∙ = ∙ =9∙17∙4∙14∙8∙7=479808;
5!(18-5)! 3!(8-3)! 5!∙13! 3!∙5! 5∙4∙3∙2∙1 3∙2∙1

14! 14! 14∙13

199. C214 = = = =7∙13=91;
2!(14-2)! 2!∙12! 2

1! 11! 1 11! 1 9∙10∙11

200.a) C11 ∙C311 = ∙ = ∙ = ∙ =3∙11∙5=165;
1!(1-1)! 3!(11-3)! 1!∙0! 3!∙8! 1 1∙2∙3
11! 11! 8∙9∙10∙11
b) C411 = = = =2∙11∙5∙3=330;
4!(11-4)! 4!∙7! 4∙3∙2∙1

12! 9! 12! 9! 12∙11∙10 9∙8∙7∙6

201. C312 ∙C49 = ∙ = ∙ = ∙ =2∙11∙10∙9∙7∙2=27720
3!(12-3)! 4!(9-4)! 3!∙9! 4!∙5! 1∙2∙3 4∙3∙2∙1

10! 10! 10∙9∙8∙7

202. C610 = = = =5∙3∙2∙7=210;
6!(10-6)! 6!∙4! 1∙2∙3∙4
25
203.
1 n=0
1 1 n=1
1 2 1 n=2
1 3 3 1 n=3
1 4 6 4 1 n=4
1 5 10 10 5 1 n=5
1 6 15 20 15 6 1 n=6
1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1 n=7
1 8 28 56 70 56 28 8 1 n=8
1 9 36 84 126 126 84 36 9 1 n=9

C00 n=0
C01 C11 n=1
C02 C12 C22 n=2
C03 C13 C23 C33 n=3
C04 C14 C24 C43
C44
n=4
5
C05 C15 C25 C35 C54
C5 n=5
C06 C16 C26 C36 C46 C56 C66 n=6
C07 C17 C27 C37 C47 C57 C67 C77 n=7
C08 C18 C28 C38 C48 C58 C68 C78 C88 n=8
C09 C19 C29 C39 C49 C59 C96
C97
C98 9
C9 n=9

6! 6! 6! 6! 6! 6! 6!
204. C06 +C16 +C26 +C36 +C46 +C56 +C66 = + + + + + + =
0!6! 1!5! 2!4! 3!3! 4!2! 5!1! 6!0!
6
=1+6+15+20+15+6+1=64=2 ;

5! 5! 5! 5! 5! 5!
205.1) C05 +C15 +C25 = + + = + + 1+5+2∙5=16;
0!(5-0)! 1!(5-1)! 2!(5-2)! 0!∙5! 1!∙4! 2!∙3!
5! 5! 5! 5! 5! 5!
C35 +C45 +C55 = + + = + + =2∙5+5+1=16;
3!(5-3)! 4!(5-4)! 5!(5-5)! 3!∙2! 4!∙1! 5!∙0!
6! 6! 6! 6! 6! 6!
2) C06 +C16 +C26 = + + = + + =1+6+5∙3=22;
0!(6-0)! 1!(6-1)! 2!(6-2)! 0!∙6! 1!∙5! 2!∙4!
6! 6! 6! 6! 6! 6! 6! 6!
C36 +C46 +C56 +C66 = + + + = + + + =
3!(6-3)! 4!(6-4)! 5!(6-5)! 6!(6-6)! 3!∙3! 4!∙2! 5!∙1! 6!∙0!
=4·5+5·3+6+1=42; →C06 +C16 +C26 < C36 +C46 +C56 +C66 ;

7! 7! 7! 7! 7! 7! 7! 7!
206.a)C17 +C37 +C57 +C77 = + + + = + + + =
1!(7-1)! 3!(7-3)! 5!(7-5)! 7!(7-7)! 1!∙6! 3!∙4! 5!∙2! 7!∙0!
7∙6∙5 7∙6
=7+ + +1=7+7·5+7·3=7+35+21=63;
1∙2∙3 1∙2
7! 7! 7! 7!
b) C7 +C27 +C47 +C67 =
0
+ + + =1+7·3+7·5+1=1+21+35+1=58;
0!7! 2!5! 4!3! 7!1!
26
 100! 100!
207. a)C99
100 = = =100;
99!(100-99)! 99!∙1!
1000! 1000!
b) C999
1000 999!(100-999)! 999!∙1! =1000;
= =
100! 100! 100∙99∙98
ç) C97
100 = 97!(100-97)! = 97!∙3! = 1∙2∙3 =100∙33∙49=161700;
1000! 1000! 1000∙999
d) C998
1000 = 998!(1000-998)! = 998!∙2! = =500∙999=499500;
1∙2

4! 4! 4! 4! 4∙3 4! 4!
208. C14 = = =4; C24 = = = =2∙3=6; C34 = = =4;
1!(4-1)! 1!∙3! 2!(4-2)!
2!∙2! 1∙2 3!(4-3)! 3!∙1!
1 5! 2 5! 3 5! 4 5!
C5 = =5; C5 = =2∙5=10; C5 = =2∙5=10; C5 = =5;
1!∙4! 2!∙3! 3!∙2! 4!∙1!
6! 6! 6! 6! 6!
C16 = =6; C26 = =5∙3=15; C36 = =4∙5=20; C46 = =5∙3=15; C56 = =6;
1!∙5! 2!∙4! 3!∙3! 4!∙2! 5!∙1!
n! n! n∙(n-1) n! n∙(n-1)(n-2)
C1n = =n; C2n = = ; Cn-3 n = = ;
1!(n-1)! 2!(n-2)! 2 (n-3)!(n-n+3)! 6

1000! 1000! 1000! 1000!

209. C11000 = = =1000; C21000 = = =500∙999=499500;
1!(1000-1)! 1!∙999! 2!(1000-2)! 2!∙998!
1000! 1000! 1000∙999∙998
C31000 = = = =500∙333∙998=166167000;
3!(1000-3)! 3!∙997! 1∙2∙3
1000! 1000! 1000! 1000!
C999
1000 = = =1000; C998
1000 = = =500∙999=499500;
999!(1000-999)! 999!∙1! 998!(1000-998)! 998!∙2!
1000! 1000! 1000∙999∙998
C997
1000 = = = =500∙333∙998=166167000;
997!(1000-997)! 997!∙3! 1∙2∙3

1000! 1000! 1000∙999∙998∙997

210. C41000 = = = =250∙333∙499=41541750 ;
4!(1000-4)! 4!∙996! 1∙2∙3∙4
1000! 1000! 1000∙999∙998∙997
C996
1000 = = = =250∙333∙499=41541750;
996!(1000-996)! 996!∙4! 1∙2∙3∙4
4 996
onda C1000 =C1000 ;
211. 1)(a-x)5=C05 a5 +C15 a4 (-x)+C25 a3 (-x)2 +C35 a2 (-x)3 +C45 a(-x)4 +C55 (-x)5 =
5! 5! 5! 5! 5! 5!
= a5 - a4 x+ a3 x2 - a2 x3 + ax4 - x5 =
0!(5-0)! 1!(5-1)! 2!(5-2)! 3!(5-3)! 4!(5-4)! 5!(5-5)!
5! 5 5! 4 5! 3 2 5! 2 3 5! 4 5! 5
= a - a x+ a x - a x + ax - x =
0!5! 1!4! 2!3! 3!2! 4!1! 5!0!
=a5-5a4x+10a3x2-10a2x3+5ax4-x5;
2) (2+h)4=C04 24 +C14 23 h+C24 22 h2 +C34 2h3 +C44 h4 =
4! 4! 4! 4! 4!
= 16+ 8h+ 4h2 + 2h3 + h4 =
0!(4-0)! 1!(4-1)! 2!(4-2)! 3!(4-3)! 4!(4-4)!
4! 4! 4! 4! 4!
= 16+ 8h+ 4h2 + 2h3 + h4 =16+32h+12h2+8h3+h4;
0!4! 1!3! 2!2! 3!1! 4!0!

3)(x+1)5=C05 x5 +C15 x4 1+C25 x3 12 +C35 x2 13 +C45 x14 +C55 15 =

5! 5! 5! 5! 5! 5!
= x5 + x4 + x3 + x2 + x+ =
0!(5-0)! 1!(5-1)! 2!(5-2)! 3!(5-3)! 4!(5-4)! 5!(5-5)!
5! 5 5! 4 5! 3 5! 2 5! 5!
= x + x + x + x + x+ =x5+5x4+10x3+10x2+5x+1;
0!5! 1!4! 2!3! 3!2! 4!1! 5!0!
27
4)(x-y)5=C05 x5 +C15 x4 (-1)+C25 x3 (-1)2 +C35 x2 (-1)3 +C45 x(-1)4 +C55 (-1)5 =
5! 5! 5! 5! 5! 5!
= x5 - x4 + x3 - x2 + x- =
0!(5-0)! 1!(5-1)! 2!(5-2)! 3!(5-3)! 4!(5-4)! 5!(5-5)!
5! 5 5! 4 5! 3 5! 2 5! 5!
= x - x + x - x + x- =x5-5x4+10x3-10x2+5x-y5;
0!5! 1!4! 2!3! 3!2! 4!1! 5!0!

5)(x-2y)6=C06 (x)6 +C16 (x)5 (-2y)+C26 (x)4 (-2y)2 +C36 (x)3 (-2y)3 +C46 (x)2 (-2y)4 +
6! 6! 6!
+C56 (x)1 (-2y)5 +C66 (-2y)6 = ∙x6 - ∙x5 2y+ ∙x4 4y2 -
0!(6-0)! 1!(6-1)! 2!(6-2)!
6! 6! 6! 6!
- ∙x3 8y3 + ∙x2 16y4 - ∙x32y5 + 64y6 =
3!(6-3)! 4!(6-4)! 5!(6-5)! 6!(6-6)!
6! 6! 6! 6! 6!
= ∙x6 - ∙2x5 y+ ∙4x4 y2 - ∙8x3 y3 + ∙16x2 y4 -
0!6! 1!5! 2!4! 3!3! 4!2!
6! 5 6! 6
- ∙32xy + 64y = x -12x y+60x y -160x3y3+240x2y4-192xy5+64y6;
6 5 4 2
5!1! 6!0!

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
6)( x+3)7=C07 ( x)7+C17 ( x)63+C27 ( x) 532+C37 ( x) 433+C47 ( x) 334+C57 ( x) 235+
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 7! x7 7! 3x6 7! 9x 5
7! 27x 4
7! 81x3 7! 243x2
+C67 ( x )36+C77 37= + + + + + +
2 0!7! 128 1!6! 64 2!5! 32 3!4! 16 4!3! 8 5!2! 4
7 6 5 4 3 2
7! 729x 7! x 21x 189x 945x 2835x 5103x 5103x
+ + 2187= + + + + + + +2187;
6!1! 2 7!0! 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

5 4 3 2
7)(√x-1)5=C05 √x +C15 √x (-1)+C25 √x (-1)2 +C35 √x (-1)3 +C45 √x(-1)4 +C55 (-1)5 =
5! 5! 5! 5! 5! 5!
= x2 √x- x2 + x√x- x+ √x- =
0!(5-0)! 1!(5-1)! 2!(5-2)! 3!(5-3)! 4!(5-4)! 5!(5-5)!
5! 5! 5! 5! 5! 5!
= x2 √x- x2 + x√x- x+ √x- 5!0!= x2 √x-5x3+10 x√x-10x+5 √x-1;
0!5! 1!4! 2!3! 3!2! 4!1!

4 3 2 2 3 4
8)(√x+√y)4=C04 √x +C14 √x (√y)+C24 √x (√y) +C34 √x(√y) +C44 (√y) =
4! 4! 4! 4! 4!
= x2 + x√xy+ xy+ y√xy+ y2 =
0!(4-0)! 1!(4-1)! 2!(4-2)! 3!(4-3)! 4!(4-4)!
4! 2 4! 4! 4! 4! 2
= x + x√xy+ xy+ y√xy+ y =x2+4x√xy+6xy+4y√xy+y2;
0!4! 1!3! 2!2! 3!1! 4!0!

1 1 1 6 1 5 1 1 4 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 2 1 4
0 2 1 2 3 4
9)(x -y )
2 3 6 =C6 (x ) +C6 (x2 ) (y3 ) +C6 (x2 ) (y3 ) +C6 (x2 ) (y3 ) +C6 (x2 ) (y3 ) +
1 1 1 5 1 6
5 2 6 3 6! 6! 6! 3
+C6 (x ) (y ) +C6 (y ) =
3 ∙x3 - ∙x2 ∙ √x ∙ √y+ 2!(6-2)! ∙x2 ∙ √y2 -
3
0!(6-0)! 1!(6-1)!
6! 6! 6! 3 6!
- ∙x∙√x∙y+3
∙x∙y∙ √y- y2 = ∙√x∙y∙√y2 +
3!(6-3)! 4!(6-4)! 5!(6-5)! 6!(6-6)!
6! 6! 6! 3 6! 6! 6! 3
= ∙x3 - ∙x2 ∙ √x ∙ √
3
y+ ∙x2 ∙ √y2 - ∙x∙√x∙y+ ∙x∙y √ 3
y- ∙√x∙y∙√y2 +
0!6! 1!5! 2!4! 3!3! 4!2! 5!1!
6! 2 2 3 2 3
+ y =x -6x ∙√x∙ √y+15x ∙√y -20∙x∙√x∙y+15x∙y √y-6√x∙y∙√y2 +y2 ;
3 2 3 3
6!0!

28
 1 1 1 1 1
10)(2x- )10 = C010 (2x)10+C110 (2x)9(- )+ C210 (2x)8(- )2+C310 (2x)7(- )3+C410 (2x)6(- )4+
2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
+C510 (2x)5(- )5+C610 (2x)4(- )6+C710 (2x)3(- )7+C810 (2x)2(- )8+C910 (2x)(- )9+C910 (2x)(- )9+
2 2 2 2 2 2
10 1 10 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 15 3 45 2
+C10 (- ) =1024x -2560x +2880x -1290x +840x -252x +52,5x - x + x -
2 2 64
5 1
- x+ ;
256 1024
8 7 6 2 5 3
11) )(√3-√2)8=C08 (√3) +C18 (√3) (-√2)+C28 (√3) (-√2) +C38 (√3) (-√2) +
4 4 3 5 2 6 7 8
+C48 (√3) (-√2) +C58 (√3) (-√2) +C68 (√3) (-√2) +C78 √3(-√2) +C88 (-√2) =
8! 8! 8! 8! 8! 8!
= ∙81- ∙27√6+ ∙54- ∙18√6+ ∙36- ∙12√6+
0!(8-0)! 1!(8-1)! 2!(8-2)! 3!(8-3)! 4!(8-4)! 5!(8-5)!
8! 8! 8!
+ 24- 8√6+ 16=81-216√6+1512-1008√6+2520-672√6+
6!(8-6)! 7!(8-7)! 8!(8-0)!
+672-64√6+16=4801-1960√6; 1
6 5 4 3
12) )(√5-1)6=C06 (√5) +C16 (√5) (-1)+C26 (√5) (-1)2 +C36 (√5) (-1)3 +
2 1 6! 6!
+C46 (√5) (-1)4 +C56 (√5) (-1)5 +C66 (-1)6 = ∙125- ∙25√5+
0!(6-0)! 1!(6-1)!
6! 6! 6! 6! 6!
+ ∙25- ∙5√5+ ∙5- ∙√5+ =
2!(6-2)! 3!(6-3)! 4!(6-4)! 5!(6-5)! 6!(6-6)!
=125-150√5+375-100√5+75-6√5+1=576-256√5;

212.1)(a+x)10-binomyň dagytmasy 11-agzany özünde saklaýar.

2)(a+x)15-binomyň dagytmasy 16-agzany özünde saklaýar.
3)(a+x)n-binomyň dagytmasy n+1-agzany özünde saklaýar.

213. (a+x)n=an+C1n an-1 ∙x+…+Ckn an-k ∙xk +…+Cnn xn ;

n-1; a+x=a+C11 x=x+a;
n=2; (a+x)2=a2+C12 a1 ∙x1 +C22 x2 =a2 +2ax+x2 ;
n=k;ýerine ýetýär diýip güman edip n=k+1 subut edeliň
n=k+1; (a+x)k+1=ak+1+C1k+1 ak ∙x+…+Ckk+1 ak+1-k ∙xk +Ck+1
k+1 x
k+1
=
k+1 k k+1-k k k+1
=a +(k+1)a ∙x+…+(k+1)a ∙x +x ;

4 3 2 2 3 4
214.1) (√5-√2)4=C04 √5 +C14 √5 (-√2)+C24 √5 (-√2) +C34 √5(-√2) +C44 (-√2) =
4! 4! 4! 4! 4!
= 52 - 5√5∙2+ 5∙2- 2√5∙2+ 22 =
0!(4-0)! 1!(4-1)! 2!(4-2)! 3!(4-3)! 4!(4-4)!
4! 4! 4! 4! 4!
= 25- 5√10+ 10- 2√10+ 4=25-20√10+60-8√10+4=89-28√10;
0!4! 1!3! 2!2! 3!1! 4!0!
4 3 2 2 1 3 4
2)(√6+√2)4=C04 (√6) +C14 (√6) (√2)+C24 (√6) (√2) +C34 (√6) (√2) +C44 (√2) =
4! 4! 4! 4! 4!
= 36- 12√3+ 12- 4√3+ 4=
0!4! 1!3! 2!2! 3!1! 4!0!
=36+48√3+72+16√3+4=112+64√3;

29
 5 4 3 2 2 3 4
3) (√6-√2)5=C05 (√6) +C15 (√6) (-√2)+C25 (√6) (-√2) +C35 (√6) (-√2) +C45 (√6)(-√2) +
5 5! 5! 5! 5! 5! 5!
+C55 (-√2) = 36√6- 36√2+ 12√6- 12√2+ 4√6- 4√2=
0!5! 1!4! 2!3! 3!2! 4!1! 5!0!
=36√6-180√2+120√6-120√2+20√6-4√2=186√6-304√2;
5 4 3 2 2 3 4
4)(√10-√2)5=C05 (√10) -C15 (√10) (√2)+C25 (√10) (√2) -C35 (√10) (√2) +C45 (√10)(√2) -
5 5! 5! 5! 5! 5! 5!
-C55 (√2) = 100√10- 100√2+ 20√10- 20√2+ 4√10- 4√2=
0!5! 1!4! 2!3! 3!2! 4!1! 5!0!
=100√10-500√2+400√10-400√2+20√10-4√2=520√10-904√2;

n! n
215.1)Cn-1 1 n-1
n =Cn =n;subuty Cn = (n-1)!(n-n+1)! = =n; 1
n! n
C1n = = =n; onda Cn-1 1
n =Cn =n; subut edildi;
1!(n-1)! 1
n(n-1) n! n(n-1) n(n-1)
2) Cn-2 2
n =Cn = ; subuty Cn-2
n = (n-2)!(n-n+2)! = = ;
2 2! 2
n! n(n-1) n(n-1)
C2n = = = ; onda Cn-1 1
n =Cn =n; subut edildi;
2! 2!(n-2)!
2
k n-k n!
216. Ck+1 k+1
n =Cn k+1 ; subuty Cn = (k+1)!(n-k-1)! ;
𝑛−𝑘 𝑛! 𝑛−𝑘 𝑛! n-k
Ckn = = (𝑘+1)!(𝑛−𝑘−1)! ;onda Ck+1 n =Ckn ;
𝑘+1 𝑘!(𝑛−𝑘)! 𝑘+1 k+1
0 1 2 3
217.1110-1=(10+1)10-1=C10 (10)10+C10 (10)9(1)+ C10 (10)8(1)2+C10 (10)7(1)3+
+C410 (10)6(1)4+C510 (10)5(1)5+C610 (10)4(1)6+C710 (10)3(1)7+C810 (10)2(1)8+
+C910 (10)(1)9+C10
10 (1) -1= 10 +10·10 +45·10 +120·10 +210·10 +252·10 +
10 10 9 8 7 6 5

+210·104+120·103+45·102+10·10+1-1=1010+10·109+45·108+120·107+
+210·106+252·105+210·104+120·103+45·102+10·10=10(109+10·108+
+45·107+120·106+210·105+252·104+210·103+120·102+55·10) bölüner

10! 10∙9 15! 15! 15∙14∙13

218.1) C810 = = =5∙9=45; 2) C12
15 = = = =5∙7∙13=455;
8!(10-8)! 2 12!(15-12)! 12!3! 1∙2∙3
100! 100! 100∙99∙98∙97
3) C96
100 = = = =25∙33∙49∙97=3921225 ;
96!(100-96)! 96!4! 1∙2∙3∙4
36! 36∙35
4) C34
36 = = =18∙35=630;
34!2! 2

219. Cxn = Cyn ; bu ýerde x=y tassyklama hemişe dogry däl mysal n-x=y;

x! x! x∙(x-1) x∙(x-1)
220.1) Cx-2
x +2x=9; =
(x-2)!(x-x+2)! (x-2)!2!
= ; onda +2x=9; ýa-da
2 2
x(x-1)+4x=18; x2+3x-18=0; x1=-6; x2=3;
(x-1)!
2) Cx-2 2
x-1 =x -13; (x-2)!(x-1-x+2)!
=x-1; onda x-1=x2-13; x2-x-12=0;x1=-3;x2=4;
30
 1 1 2 12! 11∙12∙10! 8
221.(a+ )12; C212 a10 ( ) = a8 = a =11∙6∙a8 =66∙a8 ; jogaby; 66;
a a 2!10! 2!∙10!

1 1 3 10! 1 8∙9∙10∙7! 8 128 4 5120 4

222.(2a- )10; C310 (2a)7 (- ) =- 128a7 ∙ 3 =- a =8∙3∙5∙ a =- ∙a ;
3a 3a 3!7! 27a 3!∙7! 27 9
5120
jogaby; - ;
9
223.1)S=C1n +2C2n +3C3n +…+nCnn ;bu ýerde C0n = Cnn ; C1n = Cn-1 2 n-2
n ; Cn = Cn ; Cn = Cn
3 n-3

S=(n·C0n +(n-1)·C1n +(n-2)C2n +…+2Cn-1 n 1

n +Cn )-Cn ;
2S=(n·C0n +(C1n +(n-1) C1n )+ (2C2n +(n-2) C2n )+ (3C3n +(n-3) C2n )+...+nCnn )- nC0n ;
2S=(n·C0n +nC1n +nC2n +nC3n +...+nCnn )-nC0n ;
2S=n·(C0n +C1n +C2n +C3n +...+Cnn )-nC0n ; 2S=n·2n-n; S=n(2n-1)/2;
2)S= C0n +2C1n +3C2n +…+(n+1)Cnn ;
S=(n+1) C0n +nC1n +(n-1) C2n +...+Cnn ;
2S=(C0n +(n+1)C0n )+(2C1n +nC0n )+(3C2n +(n-1)C2n )+…+((n+1)Cnn +C0n );
2S=(n+2) C0n +(n+2) C1n +(n+2) C2n +(n+2) C3n +...+(n+2) Cnn ;
2S=(n+2)( C0n + C1n + C2n + C3n +...+ Cnn ); 2S=(n+2)2n; S=(n+2)2n-1;
0 2 1 2 n 2 n n n (n+n)! (2n)! 2n (n)! 2n
224.(Cn ) +.(Cn ) +…+.(Cn ) =C2n subuty C2n =Cn+n = = = = ;
n!(n+n-n)! n!n! n!∙n! n!
0 n 2 0 n-1 2 k n-k k 2 n n 2
(a+x) =[(a+x) ] =(Cn a ) +(Cn a ∙x) +…+(Cn a ∙x ) +…+(Cn x ) ;
2n 2 n

Bu ýerden a=1 we x=1 alarys 22n=(C0n )2 +(C0n )2 +…+(Ckn )2 +…+(Cnn )2 ;

m 21 7
225.n=1500; m=21; P= = = ;
n 1500 500
226. P=0,8; n=30; m-?; m=n·P=30·0,8=24; onda 24-okuň degmegine garaşyp bolar
m 4 2
227. n={1,2,3,4,5,6}=6; 5-den kiçi oçkolar m={1,2,3,4}=4; P= = = ;
n 6 3
228.n=36; m={1+1=2; 2+1=3; 3+2=5; 4+1=5; 5+2=7; 6+1=7;
1+2=3; 2+3=5; 3+4=7; 4+3=7; 5+6=11; 6+5=11;}=15
1+4=5; 2+5=7;
m 15 5
1+6=7; P= = = ;
n 36 12
3
229.n=3!=6; m=3; P= ;
6
m 1
230.n=6!=1·2·3·3·3·6=720; m=1; P= = ;
n 720

231.6-gara we 4-sary jemi 6+4=10;

10! 10∙9∙8∙7
10-dan 4-ni saýlamak n=C410 = = =5∙3∙2∙7=210;
4!(10-4)! 1∙2∙3∙4
6! 4!
6-dan 2-i gara C26 = =15 we 4-den 2-i saryC24 = =6
2!(6-2)! 2!(2-2)!
m 90 3
m=15·6=90; P= = = ;
n 210 7

31
 m 1
232. T O Ý L Y n=5!=5·4·3·2·1=120; n=1; P= = ;
n 120
m 1
233. jemi n=99; m=1; P= = ;
n 99

10!
234. 10-dan 2-sini saýlamak n=C210 = =45;
2!(10-2)!
10!
Şikesli detal C110 = =10; şikessiz detal 9-dan 2-ni saýlamak
1!(10-1)!
9! m C29 36 4
m=C29 = =36 ; P= = = = ;
2!(9-2)! n C210 45 5
235.P(A)=0,38; P(C)=0,8; P(B)=P(C)-P(A)=0,8-0,38=0,42;

1
236.P(C)=0,9; P(B)= =0,5; P(A)=P(C)-P(B)=0,9-0,5=0,4;
2

1 1 4 1 2 1 6-5 1
237.P(C)=0,4; P(A)= ; P(B)=P(C)-P(A)=0,4- = - = - = = ;
3 3 10 3 5 3 15 15

2 2 85 2 17 1 51-20 31
238.P(C)=0,85; P(A)= ; P(B)=P(C)-P(A)=0,85- = - = - = = ;
3 3 100 3 20 3 60 60

239. P(A)=0,7; P(B)=0,8; P(C)=0,9;

P(A)=1-P(A)=1-0,7=0,3; P(B)=1-P(B)=1-0,8=0,2; P(C)=1-P(C)=1-0,9=0,1;
P(D)= P(A)· P(B)· P(C)=0,3·0,2·0,1=0,006; P(D)=1-P( D)=1-0,006=0,994;
1 1 2 2
P(D1)= P(D)= ·0,994=0,331;P(D2)= P(D)= ·0,994=0,662; P(D3)=0,994;
3 3 3 3

50! 50∙49∙48∙47∙46
240. 50-den 5-ni saýlamak n=C550 = = =10∙49∙2∙47∙46=2118760;
5!45! 1∙2∙3∙4∙5
5! m C35 10 1
bagtly 5-den 3-ni saýlamak m=C35 = =5∙2=10; P= = = = ;
3!2! n C550 2118760 211876

20! 20·19·18
241. 20-dan 3-ni saýlamak n=C320 = = =20∙19∙6=2280;
3!17! 1∙2∙3
10! 10·9·8 m C310 120 4
10-dan 3-ni saýlamak m=C310 = = =5∙3∙8=120; P= = = = ;
3!7! 1∙2∙3 n C320 2280 57

25! 25·24·23·22·21·
242. 25-dan 20-ni saýlamak n=C20
25 = = =5∙23∙11·21=26565;
20!5! 1∙2∙3·4·5
20! 20·19·18
20-dan 3-ni saýlamak m=C320 = = =20∙19∙3=1140;
3!17! 1∙2∙3
m C320 1140 76
P= = = = ;
n C20
25 26565 1771
244.P(O)=0,51; P(G)=1-0,51=0,49; P(E)=0,64; P(Ý)=1-0,64=0,36;
P(EG)=0,49*0,36=0,1764; P(EO)=1-P(EG)=1-0,1764=0,8236;

32
 31+24+36+30+29+28 178
245.a) OAB= = ≈30;Gerim=36-24=12;
6 6
41+39+36+37+42+88 283
b) OAB= = ≈47;Gerim=88-36=52;
6 6
51+49+48+50+53+51+52 354
ç) OAB= = ≈51;Gerim=53-48=5;
7 7
39+38+43+41+42+40+39+44 326
d) OAB= = ≈47;Gerim=44-38=6;
7 7

21+19+22+21+23+20 136
246.a) OAB= = ≈23;Gerim=23-19=4;moda=21;
6 6
31+33+31+32+36+35 198
b) OAB= = =33;Gerim=36-31=5;moda=31;
6 6
29+30+28+27+28 142
ç) OAB= = =28;Gerim=30-27=3;moda=28;
5 5
61+59+59+58+57+59+67 420
d) OAB= = =60;Gerim=67-57=10;moda=59;
7 7

a a+23 120+23 143

247. =12; a=12∙10=120; = = =13 bolar;
10 11 11 11

3+9+6+5+11+7+12+10+8+13+x+4+7+2+6 103+x
248. =8; =8; 103+x=8∙15; x=120-103; x=17;
15 15

249. Gerim x-7=18; x=18+7; x=25;

250.moda 9;

5+6+3+5+6+4+8+6+6+7+9+7 72
251. OAB= = =6;Gerim=9-3=6;moda=6;
12 12

5+6+3+4+6+5+6+8+6+7+9+7 72
252. OAB= = =6;Gerim=9-3=6;moda=6;
12 12

253. gerim=27-18=9; moda=22;

22+17+18+23+24+16 120
254. OAB= = =20;Gerim=24-16=8;
6 6

255.a) 201;205;219;243;256;269;273;282;289; mediana=256;

b) 129; 147;176; 183; 191; 192; 201; 221; 322; mediana=191;
c) 74; 81; 97;102; 117; 129; 131;134;169; mediana=117;

21+23+27+29+31+34 165 27+29 56

256.a) OAB= = =28; mediana=21;23;( = =28);31;34
6 6 2 2
64+56+58+74+62+66 380 62+64 128
b) OAB= = ≈63; mediana=56;58;( = =64);66;74;
6 6 2 2
5,6+4,9+5,2+4,3+4,8+3,8 28,6 4,9+4,8 9,7
c)OAB= = =6;mediana=3,8;4,3;( = =4,85);5,2;5,6
6 6 2 2
33
 78+82
257.gerim=93-67=26; moda=72; mediana=67;72;72;75;( =80);84;89;90;93;
2

27+31+24+22+26+23+27+20+22+28 250
258. OAB= = =25; gerim=31-20=11; moda=27
10 10
24+26 50
mediana=20;22;22;23( = =25);28;27;27;31;
2 2

231+243+172+184+202+138+281+191+198 1840
259. gerim= 281-243=38; OAB= = =204;
9 9

260. Dogry jogaplaryň sany 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Jemi

Okuwçylaryň sany 0 19 21 73 137 321 229 102 902
Otnositel ýygylyk % 0 2,20 2,42 8,14 15,18 35,42 25,30 11,33 100%

261.
Tokarlar 1 2 3 4 5 Jemi
Ýasalan detallaryň sany 13 22 18 24 25 102
Otnositel ýygylyk % 12,74 21,66 17,74 23,62 24,6 100

262. Ýalňyşlar sany 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Ýygylygy 3 4 11 13 9 6 2 2
Iň uly tapawut= 7-0=7; ol kiçi däl uly; otnositel ýygylyklar tablisasy ulanylan;

263. Zaýa onümler sany 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Gutularyň sany 15 29 27 19 7 2 1
0∙15+1∙29+2∙27+3∙19+4∙7+5∙2+6∙1 29+54+57+28+10+6 184
OAB= = = =1,84≈2;
100 100 100
Gerimi=29-1=28; moda=0;
Amaly manysy; Jemi 110-gutynyň her gutuda ortaça 2 zaýa önüm bar;

264. Ýaşy ýyl hasabynda 18-22 22-26 26-30 30-34 34-38

Syýahatçylaryň sany. 45 37 10 6 2

Ýaşy ýyl hasabynda 20 24 28 32 36

Syýahatçylaryň sany. 45 37 10 6 2
20·45+24·37+28·10+32·6+36·2 900+888+280+192+72 2332
OAB= = = =23,32≈23;
100 100 100
34
265. 266.

267. 268.

269.

270. P5=5!=120;

271. 6·5·4·3=360;
7! 7!
272. A27 = (7-2)! = =7∙6=42;
5!

273. n=5!=120; n1=4!=24; n-n1=120-24=96;

34! 34!
274. A30
34 = (34-30)! = ;
4!

275. 8·7=56;

7! 7! 7∙6∙5
276. C37 = = = =7∙5=35;
3!(7-3)! 3!4! 1∙2∙3

10! 6! 10! 6! 10∙9∙8 6∙5∙4

277. C36 ∙C310 = ∙ = ∙ = ∙ =120·20=2400;
3!(10-3)! 3!(6-3)! 3!7! 3!3! 1∙2∙3 1∙2∙3

35
278. 9 8 7 6 5 - 1 5 0 3 4 = 83731
10! 10∙9∙8∙7
279. C410 = = =210 ;
4!6! 1∙2∙3∙4

10! 10∙9∙8∙7
280. C410 = = =210
4!6! 1∙2∙3∙4

281. 88888-11111=77777;

282. 12345,12354,12543,12534,14325,14352,14523,14532,
21345,21354,21543,21534,23154,23145,23154,23145,
3….
4….
5… =8·5=40;

283. C1n +2C2n +3C3n +…+nCnn =(C1n +C2n +C3n +…+Cnn )+(C2n +2C3n +…+(n-1)Cnn )=
=2n+(C2n +C3n +…+Cnn )+(C3n +…+(n-2)Cnn =2n+2n-1+…+20;

6!
284. a)(1+x)6=C06 +…+C36 x3 +…=1+…+ x3 +…=1+…+20x3 +…jogaby ;20;
3!(6-3)!
5! 3
b)(2+x)5=C05 ∙25 +…+C35 ∙22 x3 =1+…+ 22 ∙x +=1+…+80x3 +…jogaby ;80;
3!(5-3)!
6!
c) 1+2x)5=C06 +…+C36 (2x)3 +=1+…+ 8x3 +=1+…+160x3 +…jogaby ;160;
3!(6-3)!
0 4 3 3 4!
d)(3+2x)4=C4 ∙3 +…+C4 ∙3∙x +=81+…+ 3x3 +=81+…+12x3 +jogaby ;12;
3!(4-3)!

100! 100∙99∙98∙97
285. n=C4100 = = =25∙33∙49∙97=3921225;
4!96! 1∙2∙3∙4
4! m C14 4 4
m=C14 = =4; P= = = = ;
1!3! n C4100 25∙33·49·97 3921225

m 19
286 n=100; m=19; P= = ;
n 100

m 1
287. n=10; m=1; P= = ;
n 10

2 1
288. n=4; m=2; P= = ;
4 2

m 6 1
289. n=36; m=6; P= = = ;
n 36 6
36
 m 1
290. n=2; m=1; P= = ;
n 2

m 2 1
291. n=6; m=2; P= = = ;
n 6 3

292. n=C15 10
25 >C25 saz guralyndan baş çykarýan bolmagynyň ähtimal.

293.1)√x-1+√2-x=√x-5; x-1>0;x>1; 2-x>0 ; x<2; x-5>0; x>5; on-da

x=Ø
1 2 5
4
2)√x2 -144=√x-8+√8-x; x2 -144≥0;(x-12)(x+12)≥0; x∈(-∞;-12)∪(12;∞);
x-8≥0 ; x≥8; we 8-x≥0; x≤8; -12 8 12
x=Ø; köki ýok;
3) √x-1+√2-x=x-5; x-1≥0;x≥1; 2-x≤0 ; x≤2; x-5>0; x>5; on-da
x=Ø
1 2 5
3
4)√x2 -144=√x-6+√6-x; x-6≥0; x≥6; 6-x≥0; x≤6; x=6; we
x2-144≥0; (x+12)(x-12)≥0; x∈(-∞;-12)∪(12;∞); x=Ø; köki ýok;

294. 1) log2(x2-1)+log3(x3-1)+log4(1-x4)=√x; x2-1>0; x2>1; x ∈(-∞;-1)∪(1;∞);

x3-1>0;x>1; x ∈(1;∞); 1-x4>0; x4<1; x ∈(-1;1); on-da x=Ø;köki ýok;
2) 2log2x(x+2) +3log3x(x+3) =√-1-x; 2x>0; x>0; x+2>0; x>-2; 3x>0; x>0;
x+3>0;x>-3; -1-x≥0; x≤-1; x=Ø;
3) log2(x2-1)+log3(x3-1)+log4(x4-1)=√1-x; x2-1>0; x2>1; x ∈(-∞;-1)∪(1;∞);
x3-1>0; x>1; x ∈(1;∞); x4-1>0; x4>1; x ∈(-∞;-1) ∪ (∞;1); 1-x≥0; x≤1;
on-da x>1 we x≤1; x=Ø; köki ýok;
4) 2log2x (x+2) +3log3x(x+3) = √−𝑥 ; 2x>0; x>0; x+2>0; x>-2; 3x>0; x>0;
3

x+3>0; x>-3; -x<0; 2log2x(x+2) +3log3x(x+3) > 0; on-da x=Ø; köki ýok;

295.√x2 +1+√x4 +1=1;√x2 +1>1 we x4 +1>0;on-da √x2 +1+√x4 +1≠1; x=Ø; köki ýok;
2)x4+x2+1=log0,32;on-da; x4+x2+1>0; log0,32<0; x=Ø; köki ýok;
3) √x-1-√x+1=2; √x-1<√x+1; on-da √x-1-√x+1<0;x=Ø; köki ýok;
4) √x+2+√x=-1; √x+2>√x; on-da √x+2+√x>0;x=Ø; köki ýok;

296.1)x2+2x+1=0 deňlemäniň köki x=-1 we x+1=0; deňlemäniň köki x=-1

On-da deňlemeler deňgüýçli.
2) deňlemeler deňgüýçli däl; √x2 +2x+1=√(x+1)2 ≠-(x+1);we 1+x=0; x=-1;

37
 On-da deňlemeler deňgüýçli däl;.
3) deňlemeler deňgüýçli.
4) deňlemeler deňgüýçli däl;

297.1) deňlemeler deňgüýçli.

2) deňlemeler deňgüýçli.
3) deňlemeler deňgüýçli däl;
4) deňlemeler deňgüýçli däl;

2 1 4 2∙2x+x(2-x)-4∙2
298.1) + = ;2-x≠0; x≠2;2x-x2 ≠0;x(2-x)≠0;x≠0; =0;
2-x 2 2x-x2 2x(2-x)
4x+2x-x2 -8=0;x2 -6x+8=0; x1 =2;x2 =4;
2 1 4 2 1 4
Barlagy x=2;del kök; x=4; + = 2; 2-4 2 2∙4-4 -2 2 -8
+ = ;-1+0,5=-0,5;-0,5=-0,5; jog;4
x+2 2-x 4 (x+2)(x-1)+(x-2)(x+1)+4(x+1) x2 +x-2+x2 -x-2+4x+4
2) + + =0; x≠1;x≠-1; =0; =0;
x+1 1-x x-1 (x+1)(x-1) (x+1)(x-1)
2x2 +4x=0; x2 +2x=0 x1=0; x2=-2;
-2+2 2+2 4 4 4
barlagy x=-2; + + =0- + =0;
-2+1 1+2 -2-1 3 3
0+2 2-0 4
barlagy x=0; + + =2+2-4=0; jogaby; x=0; we x=-2;
0+1 1-0 0-1
x 25 1 13 27x(2x+1)+25∙27-4x2 +1-27∙13(2x+1) 54x2 +27x+675-4x2 +1-702x-351
3) + = - ; =0; =0;
2x-1 4x2 -1 27 1-2x 27(2x-1)(2x+1) 27(2x-1)(2x+1)
50x2-675x+325=0; 2x2-27x+13=0; x1=13; x2=0,5;
Barlagy; x=13; 2·132-27·13+13=338-338=0;
x=0,5; 2·0,52-27·0,5+13=0,5-13,5+13=0; jogaby 13 we 0,5;
6 2 x+4 6-2(x+1)-2(x-1)(x+1)+(x+1)(x+4)
4) - =2- ; ; 6-2x-2-2x2 +2+x2 +5x+4=0;
x2 -1 x-1 x-1 (x-1)(x+1)
6 2 -2+4 6 2 2
x2-3x-10=0; x1=-2; x2=5; barlagy;x=-2; - =2- ; + =2+ ; 2=2;
(-2)2 -1 -2-1 -2-1 3 3 3
6 2 5+4 6 2 9 1 1 1 1 1
x=5; 2 - =2- ; - =2- ; - =2-2- ;- =- ;
5 -1 5-1 5-1 24 4 4 4 2 4 4 4
2
299.1)1+√2x+7=x-3; √2x+7=x-4;2x+7=x -8x+16; x -10x+9=0;x1=9; x2=1; 2

Barlagy; x=9; 1+√2∙9+7=9-3; 1+5=6; 6=6;

x=1; 1+√2∙1+7=1-3; 1+3=-2; 4≠-2; del kök; jogaby x=9;
2)√22-x-√10-x=2; 10-x=t2; 22-x=t2+12; √t2 +12-√t2 =2; √t2 +12=2+t;
t2+12=t2+4t+4; 4t=8; t=2; x=10-t2=10-4=6;
barlagy; √22-6-√10-6=4-2=2; jogaby x=6;
3)√x+3+√3x-2=7; x+3=t2; 3x+9=3t2; 3x-2=3t2-11; √t2 +√3t2 -11=7;7-t=√3t2 -11;
t2-14t+49=3t2-11; 2t2+14t-60=0; t2+7t-30=0; t1=3; t2=-10;
x1=t12-3=32-3=9-3=6; x2=t22-3=(-10)2-2=100-3=97;
barlagy; x=6; √6+3+√3·6-2=√9+√16=3+4=7;
x=97; √97+3+√3·97-2=√100+√289=10+17=17≠7; del kök; jogaby;x=6;
38
 4) √3x-2=2√x+2-2; x+2=t2; 3x+6=3t2; 3x-2=3t2-8; √3t2 -8=2√t2 -2;
2t-2=√3t2 -8; 4t2-8t+4=3t2-8; t2-8t+12=0; t1=2; t2=6;
x1=t12-2=22-2=4-2=2; x2=t22-2=62-2=36-2=34;
barlagy;x=2; √3∙2-2=2√2+2-2; √6-2=2√4-2; 2=2;
x=34; √3∙34-2=2√34+2-2; √102-2=2√36-2; 10=10; jogaby 2 we 34;

300.1)lg(54-x3)=3·lgx; lg(54-x3)=lgx3; 54-x3=x3; 2x3=54; x3=27; x=3;

lg(3x-5) 1 5
2) 2 = ; 3x-5>0;x> ;lg(3x2 +25)=2·lg(3x-5); lg(3x2 +25)=lg(3x-5)2 ;
lg(3x +25) 2 3
2
3x +25=(3x-5) ;3x2 +25=9x2 -30x+25; 6x2-30x=0;x2-5x=0; x1=0;del kök; x2=5;
2

3)lg(x-2)+lg(x-3)=1-lg5; x-2>0; x>2; x-3>0; x>3; lg(x-2)(x-3)=lg10-lg5;

10
lg(x-2)(x-3)=lg ; x2-5x+6=2; x2-5x+4=0; x1=4; x2=1 del kök;
5
4)lg√5x-4+lg√x+1=2+ lg 0,18; 5x-4>0; x>0,8; x+1>0; x>-1;
lg(√5x-4)(√x+1)=lg 100·0,18; (√5x-4)(√x+1)=18; (5x-4)(x+1)=324;
5x2-x-4-324=0; 5x2-x-328=0; x1=-8; del kök; x=8,2;

2x2 +2x+3 3x2 +2x-1

301.1) = ;we 2x2 +2x+3=3x2 +2x-1 ;deňlemeler deňgüýçli,sebäbi
x+3 x+3
2x2 +2x+3 3x2 +2x-1
Deňlemeler kökdeş; = ;2x2 +2x+3=3x2 +2x-1;x2-4=0;x2=4;x=±2;
x+3 x+3
2 2
2x +2x+3 3x +2x-1
2) = ;we 2x2 +2x+3=3x2 +2x-1 ;deňlemeler deňgüýçli däl,sebäbi
x+2 x+2
2x2 +2x+3 3x2 +2x-1
x+2≠0;x≠2 deňlemeler kökdeş däl; = ;2x2 +2x+3=3x2 +2x-1;
x+2 x+2
x2-4=0;x2=4; x=-2 ;x=2; del kök;
2 2
3)√x-2=√2x+1 we (√x-2) =(√2x+1) ; deňlemeler deňgüýçli;
2
4)2√x-7x2 =2x+2√x; we-7x2 =2x; x>0;x=0;x=- ;del kök; deňlem. deňgüýç.däl
7

302.3-nji we 7-nji deňlemeler;

x-4=0
303.1)(x-4)(x+3)=0; we { ; hawa,x=4 we x=3; kökdeş;
x+3=0
1 x-4=0
2)(x-4)(x+ )=0; { 1 ; ýok ; x=4; del kök; on-da kökdeş däl;
x-4 x+ =0
x-4

3) {√
x+3=0
we √x+3∙√2-x=0 hawa,x=-3 we x=2; kökdeş;
√2-x=0
4) √x+3∙√2-x=0; x+3>0;x>-3; 2-x>0; x<2; x=Ø; {√
x+3=0
; x=-3; x=2; ýok
√2-x=0

39
304.1) ýok, kökdeş däl; 2) ýok, kökdeş däl; 3) ýok, kökdeş däl; 4) ýok, kökdeş däl;

305. 1) ýok, kökdeş däl; 2) ýok, kökdeş däl; 3) hawa, kökdeş; 4) hawa, kökdeş;

306.1)√2x+1+√x-3=2√x; x>0;(√2x+1+√x-3)2 =(2√x)2 ;2x+1+2√2x+1∙√x-3+x-3=4x;

2√2x+1∙√x-3=x-2;(2√2x+1∙√x-3)2 =(x-2)2 ;4(2x2-5x-3)=x2-4x+4;7x2-24x-16=0;
4
x1=4; x2=- <0 del kök; Barlagy; √2∙4+1+√4-3=2√4; 3+1=4; 4=4; jogaby x=4;
7
3
2) x2 -√2x2 -3x+2= (x-1);2x2 -3x+2≥0;
2
2x2 -3x+3=2√2x -3x+2; 2x2 -3x+2=t2; 2x2 -3x+3=t2+1;
2

t2+1=2t; t2-2t+1=0; t=1; 2x2 -3x+2=1; 2x2 -3x+1=0; x1=1; x2=0,5;

3
barlagy; x=1; 12 -√2∙12 -3∙1+2= (1-1); 1-1=0; 0=0;
2
3
x=0,5; 0,52 -√2∙0,52 -3∙0,5+2= (0,5-1); 0,25-1=-0,75; -0,75=-0,75;
2
jogaby x=1 we 0,5;
3) √3x2 +5x+8-√3x2 +5x+1=1; 3x2 +5x+1=t2 ; 3x2 +5x+8=t2 +7;
√t2 +7-√t2 =1; √t2 +7=t+1; (√t2 +7)2 =(t+1)2 ; t2 +7=t2 +2t+1; 2t=6; t=3;
8 8
3x2 +5x+1=t2 =32 =9; 3x2 +5x-8=0; x1=1; x2=- ; jogaby; 1 we - ;
3 3
3 3 3
4) √x-16= √x+3-1; x+3=t3; x-16=t3-19; √t -19= √t -1; √t -19=t-1;
3 3 3 3 3
3
( √t3 -19)3 =(t-1)3 ; t3-19=t3-3t2+3t-1; -3t2+3t+18=0; t2-t-6=0; t1=3; t2=-2;
x+3=t31 =33 =27; x1 =27-3=24; x+3=t32 =(-2)3 =-8; x1 =-8-3=-11;
3 3 3 3
barlagy;x=24; √24-16= √24+3-1; √8= √27-1; 2=3-1; 2=2;
3 3 3 3
barlagy;x=-11; √-11-16= √-11+3-1; √-27= √-8-1; -3=-2-1; -3=-3;

lg(2x-5)
307.1) =0,5; 2x-5>0; x>2,5; x2 -8>0;x∈(-∞;-2√2)∪(2√2;∞); x2 -8≠0;x≠2√2;
lg(x2 -8)
2lg(2x-5)=lg(x2-8); lg(2x-5)2=lg(x2-8); (2x-5)2=x2-8; 4x2-20x+25=x2-8;
11 lg(2∙3-5) lg 1 0
3x2-20x+33=0; x1=3;x2= ; barlagy x=3; 2 = = ≠0,5; del kök;
3 lg(3 -8) lg 1 0
11 22-15 7 7
11 lg(2∙ 3 -5) lg 3 lg3 lg3 1 11
barlagy x= ; 11 2
= 121-72 = 49 = 7 = =0,5; jogaby; x= ;
3 lg 9 lg 9 2∙ lg3 2 3
lg(( 3 ) -8)
log4 4 log4 64 1 3
2)logx4+logx2 64=5; + 2 =5; + =5; 2+3=5∙2∙log4 x
log4 x log4 x log4 x 2log4 x
1
1
10log4 x=5; log4x= ; x=42 =√4=2; barlagy log24+log22 64=5; 2+3=5; 5=5;
2
3)logx(2x -7x+12)=2; 2x2-7x+12=x2; x2-7x+12=0; x1=4; x2=3;
2

Barlagy; x=4; log4(2·42-7·4+12)=2; log416=2; 2=2;

Barlagy; x=3; log3(2·32-7·3+12)=2; log39=2; 2=2; jogaby x=4 we 3;
40
 4) logx(2x2-4x+3)=2; 2x2-4x+3=x2; x2-4x+3=0; x1=1; x2=3;
Barlagy; x=1; log1(2·12-4·1+3)=2; log1(1)=0≠2;del kök
Barlagy; x=3; log3(2·32-4·3+3)=2; log39=2; 2=2; jogaby x=4;
308.1) √x+1+√9-x=√2x-12;(√x+1+√9-x)2 =(√2x-12)2 ;
x+1+9-x+2√x+1√9-x=2x-12; √x+1√9-x=x-11; (x+1)(9-x)=(x-11)2;
-x2+8x+9=x2-22x+121; 2x2-30x+112=0; x2-15x+56=0; x1=8; x2=7;
Barlagy;x=7; √7+1+√9-7=√2·7-12; 2√2+√2=√2; 3√2≠√2; del kök;
Barlagy;x=8; √8+1+√9-8=√2·8-12; 3+1=4; 4=4; jogaby; x=8;
2) √x-√x+1+√x+9 − √x+4 = 0; √x+√x+9 = √x+1 + √x+4
(√x+√x+9)2 =(√x+1+√x+4)2 ; x+x+9+2√x√x+9=x+1+x+4+2√x+1·√x+4;
4+2√x√x+9=2√x+1·√x+4; (2+√x√x+9)2 =(√x+1·√x+4)2 ;
4+x(x+9)+4√x√x+9=(x+1)(x+4); 4+x2+9x+4√x√x+9=x2+5x+4;
(√x√x+9)2=(-x)2; x(x+9)=x2; x2+9x=x2; 9x=0; x=0;
Barlagy; √0-√0+1+√0+9-√0+4=0; -1+3-2=0; 0=0; jogaby; x=0;

3)√2x+√6x2 +1=x+1; (√2x+√6x2 +1)2 =(x+1)2 ; 2x+√6x2 +1=x2 +2x+1;

√6x2 +1=x2 +1; ( √6x2 +1)2 =(x2 +1)2 ; 6x2 +1=x4 +2x2 +1; x4 -4x2 =0 ;x2(x2-4)=0

x1=0; x2=-2; x3=2; barlagy;x=0; √2·0+√6·02 +1=0+1; 1=1;

x=2; √2·2+√6·22 +1=2+1; 3=3; x=-2; √2·(-2)+√6·(-2)2 +1=-2+1; 1=1;

jogaby; 0;2 we -2;

4)1-x=√1-√4x2 -7x4 ; (1-x)2=(√1-√4x2 -7x4 )2; 1-2x+x2=1-√4x2 -7x4 ;

(x2-2x)2=(√4x2 -7x4 )2; x4-4x3+4x2=4x2-7x4; 8x4-4x3=0;4x3(2x-1)=0;

x1=0; x2=0,5; barlagy;x=0; 1-0=√1-√4·02 -7·04 ; 1=1;

barlagy;x=0,5; 1-0,5=√1-√4·0,52 -7·0,54 ; 0,5=√1-√0,5625; 0,5=0,5;

jogaby;x=0; we x=0,5;
309.1) √1-√x4 -x2 =x-1; x-1>0; x>0; (√1-√x4 -x2 )2=(x-1)2; 1-√x4 -x2 =x2-2x+1;
(x2-2x)2=(-√x4 -x2 )2; x4-4x3+4x2=x4-x2; 4x3-5x2=0; x2(4x-5)=0;

x1=0; del kök; x2=1,25; barlagy; x=1,25; √1-√1,254 -1,252 =1,25-1;

41
 √1-√2,44140625-1,5625=√1-√0,87890625=√1-0,9375=
=√0,0625=0,25=1,25-1=0,25; jogaby; x=1,25;
2)√7+√x2 +7=3; (√7+√x2 +7) =(3) ; 7+√x2 +7=9; √x2 +7=2; x2+7=8;
3 3 2 2 3 3

x2=1; x=±1; jogaby x=1 we x=-1;

3)√3x2 -2x+15+√3x2 -2x+8=7; 3x2 -2x+8=t2; 3x2 -2x+15=t2+7;
√t2 + 7+√t2 =7; (√t2 +7)2 =(7-t)2 ; t2+7=49-14t+t2; 14t=42; t=3;
1
3x2 -2x+8=32; 3x2 -2x-1=0; x=1; we x= ;
3
√x2 -3x+3+√x2 -3x+6=3; 2 2
4) x -3x+3=t ; x -3x+6=t2+3; 2

√t2 +√t2 +3=3; (√t2 +3)2 =(3-t)2 ; t2+3=9-6t+t2; 6t=6; t=1;

x2 -3x+3=12; x2 -3x+2=0; x=1; we x=2;

310.1) log2x+ log22x+ log28x=7; log2(x·2x·8x)=7; 24·x3=27; x3=23; x=2;

Barlagy;x=2; ) log22+ log22·2+ log28·2=log2(2·4·16)= log227=7;jogaby;x=2;
2) log2x2+2·log4x2+log16x4=5; 2·log2x+4∙log4 x+4∙log16 x=5;
log2 x log2 x log2 x log2 x
2·log2x+4 +4 =5; 2·log2x+4 +4 =5;
log2 4 log2 16 2 4
2∙log2 x+2∙log2 x+log2 x=5; 5·log2x=5; log2 x=1; x=2;
Barlagy; x=2; log222+2·log422+log1624=2+2+1=5; jogaby; x=2;
log2 x log2 x
3) log2 x-logx 16=-3; log2 x- =-3; log2 x- =-3; 4·log2 x-log2 x=-3;
log2 16 4
3·log2 x=-3; log2 x=-1; x=2-1; x=0,5;
barlagy; log2 0,5-log0,5 16=-1-2=-3=-3; jogaby; x=0,5;
4) ln x·lg x-2=lg x-2·ln x; ln x·lg x+2·ln x =lg x+2; ln x(lg x+2)-(lg x+2)=0;
(ln x-1)(lg x+2)=0; ln x-1=0; ln x=1; x=e; lg x+2=0; lg x=-2; x=0,01;
barlagy; x=e; ln e·lg e-2=lg e-2·ln e; 1·lg e-2=lg e-2·1; lg e-2=lg e-2;
barlagy; x=0,01; ln 0,01·lg 0,01-2=lg 0,01-2·ln 0,01;
ln 0,01·(-2)-2=-2-2·ln 0,01; -2·ln 0,01-2=-2-2·ln 0,01; jogaby; x=e; x=0,01

311.1) lg210x+lg x=19; (lg 10x)2+lg x=19; (lg 10+lg x)2+lg x=19;(1+lg x)2+lg x=19
1+2·lg x+lg2x+lg x-19=0; lg2x+3·lg x-18=0; lg x=-6; x1=10-6; lg x=3; x2=103;
2)log23 x-3log3 x+5=3log3 9 ; log23 x-3log3 x+5=9; log23 x-3log3 x-4=0;
1
log3 x=4; x=34=81; log3 x=-1; x=3-1= ;
3
3)log2 √x-4+log2 √2x-1=log2 3; x-4>0; x>4; log2 (√x-4)·(√2x-1)=log2 3;
(√x-4)·(√2x-1)=3; ((√x-4)·(√2x-1))2 =32 ; (x-4)·(2x-1)=9; 2x2-9x+4=9;
2x2-9x-5=0; x1=-0,5; del kök x2=5; jogaby x=5;
30
4)lg√x-5+lg√2x-3+1= lg 30; x-5>0; x>5;lg (√x-5·√2x-3)=lg ;
10
42
 (√x-5·√2x-3)=3; (√x-5·√2x-3)2=32; (x-5)(2x-3)=9; 2x2-13x+15-9=0;
2x2-13x+6=0; x1=6; x2=0,5; del kök; jogaby; x=6;

log2 16 log2 64 log2 2

312.1)logx2 16+log2x 64=6+2logx 2; x≠1; + =6+2 ;
log2 x2 log2 2x log2 x
4 6 1 2 6 2 1
+ =6+2 ; + =6+ ; =1; 1+log2 x=1;
2log2 x 1+log2 x log2 x log2 x 1+log2 x log2 x 1+log2 x
log2 x=0; x=1; del kök; x=Ø;
log2 2 log2 2 log2 2 1 1 1
2)logx 2∙log2x 2=log16x 2 ; x≠1 ; ∙ = ; ∙ =
log2 x log2 2x
log2 16x log2 x 1+log2 x 4+log2 x
log2 x∙(1+log2 x)=4+log2 x; log2 x+(log2 x) =4+log2 x; (log2 x)2 =4; log2 x=±2;
2

log2 x=2; x=4; log2 x=-2; x=0,25; jogaby; x=4; x=0,25;

log3 (3x) log3 (3x)
3)√log√x (3x)∙log3 x=-2;√ ∙log3 x=-2; √ ∙log3 x=-2;
log3 √x 0,5∙log3 x
log (3x) log3 (3x)
3
√0,5∙log ∙log3 x=-2; ∙(log3 x)2 =4; (log3 x+log3 3)(log3 x)=2;
x 3 0,5∙log3 x

log5 x=log5 3; x=3; jogaby x=3;

log5 (5x) log5 (5x)
4)√log√x (5x)∙log5 x=-2;√ ∙log5 x=-2; √ ∙log5 x=-2;
log5 √x 0,5∙log5 x
log (5x) log5 (5x)
5
√0,5∙log ∙log5 x=-2; ∙(log5 x)2 =4; (log5 x+log5 5)(log5 x)=2;
x 5 0,5∙log5 x

1
(log5 x)2+log5 x-2=0; log5 x=-2; x=5-2= ; log5 x=1; x=5;
25
1 1 1 1
Barlagy; x= ; √log 1 (5∙ )∙log5 =√log1 ( )∙log5 5-2 =1∙(-2)=-2;
25 √ 25 25 5
5
25

1
Barlagy; x=5; √log√5 (5∙5)∙log5 5=√log√5 25∙1≠-2;del kök; jogaby x= ;
25

313.1)x4+2x3-x-2=0; x3(x+2)-(x+2)=0; (x+2)(x3-1)=0; x+2=0; x=-2; x3-1=0; x=1;

2) x4-3x3+x-3=0; x3(x-3)+(x-3)=0; (x-3)(x3+1)=0; x-3=0; x=3; x3+1=0; x=-1;
3)2x4+3x3+16x+24=0;x3(2x+3)+8(2x+3)=0; (2x+3)(x3+8)=0;
2x+3=0; x=-1,5; x3+8=0; x=-2;
4) x3+3x2-16x-48=0; x2(x+3)-16(x+3)=0; (x+3)(x2-16)=0; x+3=0;
x=-3; x2-16=0; x=4;x=-4;
5)x3-3x2+2=0; x3-x2-2x2+2x-2x+2=0; x2(x-1)-2x(x-1)-2(x-1)=0;
(x-1)(x2-2x-2)=0; x-1=0; x=1; x2-2x-2=0; (x-1)2-3=0; (x-1)2=3;
x-1=±√3; x=1±√3; jogaby; x=1 we x=1±√3

43
 6)x3+1991x+1992=0; x3+x2-x2-x+1992x+1992=0;
x2(x+1)-x(x+1)+1992(x+1)=0; (x+1)(x2-x+1992)=0; x=-1;jogaby; x=-1;
7)x3+3x2-6x-8=0; x3+x2+2x2+2x-8x-8=0; x2(x+1)+2x(x+1)-8(x+1)=0;
(x+1)(x2+2x-8)=0; x+1=0; x=-1; x2+2x-8=0; x=-4; x=2;
8)8x3-6x2+3x-1=0; 8x3-4x2-2x2+x+2x-1=4x2(2x-1)-x(2x-1)+(2x-1)=0;
(2x-1)(4x2-x+1)=0; 2x-1=0; x=0,5; 4x2-x+1≠0; jogaby x=0,5;
9)28x3+3x2+3x+1=0; 7·4x3+7x2-4x2-x+4x+1=7x2(4x+1)-x(4x+1)+(4x+1)=
=(4x+1)(7x2-x+1)=0; 4x+1=0; x=-0,25; 7x2-x+1- köki ýok; jogaby; -0,25
10)126x3-3x2+3x-1=0; 21·6x3-21x2+3·6x2-3x+6x-1=
=21x2(6x-1)+3x(6x-1)+(6x-1)=(6x-1)(21x2+3x+1)=0;
1 1
6x-1=0; x= ; 21x2+3x+1=0; deňlemäniň köki ýok; jogaby ; x= ;
6 6

314.1) (x2+4x)(x2+x-6)=(x3-9x)(x2+2x-8);
x(x+4)(x-2)(x+3)-x(x-3)(x+3)(x+4)(x-2)=0;
x(x+4)(x-2)(x+3)(1-x+3)=0; x(x+4)(x-2)(x+3)(4-x)=0;
x1=0; x+4=0; x2=-4; x-2=0; x3=2; x+3=0; x4=-3; 2-x=0; x5=4;
jogaby; 0;-4;2;-3;4;
2) (x +5x)(x2-3x-28)=(x3-16x)(x2-2x-35);
2

x(x+5)(x+4)(x-7)-x(x-4)(x+4)(x-7)(x+5)=0;
x(x+5)(x+4)(x-7)(1-x+4)=0; x(x+5)(x+4)(x-7)(5-x)=0;
x1=0; x+4=0; x2=-4; x+5=0; x3=-5; x-7=0; x4=7; 5-x=0; x5=5;
jogaby; 0;-4;-5;7;5;
3)x -x -13x2+x+12=0;x4-x3-13x2+13x-12x+12=0;x3(x-1)-13x(x-1)-12(x-1)=0;
4 3

(x-1)(x3-13x-12)=0; x-1=0; x1=1; we x3+x2-x2-x-12x-12=0;

x2(x+1)-x(x+1)-12(x+1)=0; (x+1)(x2-x-12)=0; x+1=0; x2=-1; x2-x-12=0;
x3=4; x4=-3; jogaby x1=1; x2=-1; x3=4; x4=-3;
4) x4-x3-7x2+x+6=0; x4-x3-7x2+7x-6x+6=0;
x3(x-1)-7x(x-1)-6(x-1)=0; (x-1)(x3-7x-6)=0; x-1=0; x1=1; we x3-7x-6=0;
x3+x2-x2-x-6x-6=0; x2(x+1)-x(x+1)-6(x+1)=0; (x+1)(x2-x-6)=0;
x+1=0; x2=-1; we x2-x-6=0; x3=3; x4=-2 jogaby x1=1; x2=-1; x3=3; x4=-2;
5)x3-4x2+x+6=0; x3+x2-5x2-5x+6x+6=0; x2(x+1)-5x(x+1)+6(x+1)=0;
(x+1)(x2-5x+6)=0; x+1=0; x1=-1; x2-5x+6=0; x2=3; x3=2; jogaby; -1;3;2;
6)x4+5x3+4x2-24x-24=0; x4+x3+4x3+4x2-24x-24=0;
x3(x+1)+4x2(x+1)-24(x+1)=0; (x+1)(x3+4x2-24)=0; x+1=0; x1=-1;
x3-2x2+6x2-12x+12x-24=0; x2(x-2)+6x(x-2)+12(x-2)=0;
(x-2)(x2+6x+12)=0; x-2=0; x2=2; x2+6x+12≠0; jogaby ;-1;2;
7)x5-4x4+4x3-x2+4x-4=0; x5-x4-3x4+3x3+x3-x2+4x-4=0;
x4(x-1)-3x3(x-1)+x2(x-1)+4(x-1)=0; (x-1)(x4-3x3+x2+4)=0; x-1=0; x1=1;
x4-3x3+x2+4=0; x4-2x3-x3+2x2-x2+2x-2x+4=0;
x3(x-2)-x2(x-2)-x(x-2)-2(x-2)=0; (x-2)(x3-x2-x-2)=0; x-2=0;
x2=2; x3-x2-x-2≠0; jogaby; x1=1; x2=2;
44
 8) (x-1)3+(2x+3)3=27x3+8; (x-1+2x+3)((x-1)2-(x-1)(2x+3)+(2x+3)2)=(3x)3+23;
(3x+2)(x2-2x+1-2x2-x+3+4x2+12x+9)-(3x+2)(9x2-6x+4)=0;
2
(3x+2)(3x2+9x+13-9x2+6x-4)=0; 3x+2=0; x1=- ;
3
2
-6x +15x+9=0; 2x -5x-3=0; x2=3; x3=-0,5; jogaby; x1=- ; x2=3; x3=-0,5;
2 2
3

9) 2x4-x3+5x2-x+3=0; deňlemäniň köki ýok;

10) 2x4-4x3+13x2-6x+15=0; deňlemäniň köki ýok;

315.1) 4x4-5x2+1=0; x4=t2; x2=t; 4t2-5t+1=0; t1=1; t2=0,25;

x1=√t1 =√1=1; x2=−√t1 =-√1=-1; x3=√t2 =√0,25=0,5; x4=√t4 =-√0,25=-0,5;
jogaby; x1=1; x2=-1; x3=0,5; x4=-0,5;
2) x4+3x2-10=0; x4=t2; x2=t>0; t2+3t-10=0; t1=2; t2=-5<0; del kök;
x1=√t1 =√2 x2=-√t2 =-√2; jogaby; x1=√2; x2=-√2;
3) x6+9x3+8=0; x6=t2; x3=t; t2+9t+8=0; t1=-8; t2=-1;
3 3 3 3
x1= √ t1 = √-8=-2; x2= √ t2 =√-1=-1; jogaby; x1=-2; x2=-1;
1
4) 27x6-215x3-8=0; x6=t2; x3=t; 27t2-215t-8=0; t1=-8; t2=- ;
27
3 3 3 3 1 1 1
x1= √ t1 = √-8=-2; x2= √ t2 =√- =- ; jogaby; x1=-2; x2=- ;
27 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
5) (x -2x) -3x +6x-4=0; (x -2x) -3(x -2x)-4=0; (x -2x) =t ; x -2x=t;
t2-3t-4=0; t1=4; t2=-1; x2-2x=t1=4; x2-2x-4=0; x1=√5+1; x2=-√5+1;
x2-2x=t2=-1; x2-2x+1=0; x3=1; jogaby; x1=√5+1; x2=-√5+1; x3=1;
6) (2x2+3x-1)2-10x2-15x+9=0; (2x2+3x-1)2-5(2x2+3x-1)+4=0;
(2x2+3x-1)2=t2; x2+3x-1=t; t2-5t+4=0; t1=4; t2=1;
√29-3 √29+3
x2+3x-1=t1=4; x2+3x-5=0; x1= ; x2=- ;
2 2
√17-3 √17+3
x2+3x-1=t1=1; x2+3x-2=0; x1= ; x2=- ;
2 2
7) (x-2)(x-3)2(x-4)=20; x-3=t; (x-3)2=t2; x-2=t+1; x-4=t-1;
(t+1)t2(t-1)=20; (t2-1)t2=20; t4-t2-20=0; t2=-4<0; del kök;
t2=5; t1=√5; t2=-√5; x1=t1+3=√5+3; x2=t2+3=-√5+3;

45
 8) (x2-3x)(x-1)(x-2)=24; x(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)=1·2·3·4;
x=4; x-1=3; x-2=2; x-1=1; jogaby; x=4;
x-2=t; x-1=t+1; x=t+2; x-3=t-1; (t+2)(t+1)t(t-1)=24; (t2-1)(t2+2t)=24;
t4+2t3-t2-2t-24=0; t4-2t3+4t3-8t2+7t2-14t+12t-24=0;
t3(t-2)+4t2(t-2)+7t(t-2)+12(t-2)=0;
(t-2)(t3+4t2+7t+12)=0;
t-2=0; t1=2; x1=t1+2=2+2=4;
t3+4t2+7t+12=0; t3+3t2+t2+3t+4t+12=0;
t2(t+3)+t(t+3)+4(t+3)=0;
(t+3)(t2+t+4)=0; t+3=0; t2=-3; x2=t2+2=-3+2=-1;
t2+t+4=0; köki ýok; jogaby; x1=4; x2=-1;
9) (x-4)(x-3)(x-2)(x-1)=1·2·3·4;
x-1=4; x-2=3; x-3=2; x-4=1; jogaby; x=5;
x-3=t; x-2=t+1; x-1=t+2; x-4=t-1 (t-1)(t+2)t(t+1)=24; (t2-1)(t2+2t)=24;
t4+2t3-t2-2t-24=0; t4-2t3+4t3-8t2+7t2-14t+12t-24=0;
t3(t-2)+4t2(t-2)+7t(t-2)+12(t-2)=0;
(t-2)(t3+4t2+7t+12)=0;
t-2=0; t1=2; x1=t1+3=2+3=5;
t3+4t2+7t+12=0; t3+3t2+t2+3t+4t+12=0;
t2(t+3)+t(t+3)+4(t+3)=0;
(t+3)(t2+t+4)=0; t+3=0; t2=-3; x2=t2+3=-3+3=0;
t2+t+4=0; köki ýok; jogaby; x1=5; x2=0;
10) (x-3)(x-4)(x-5)(x-6)=1680=5·6·7·8;
x-3=8; x=11; x-4=7; x=11;x-5=6;x=11;x-6=5; x=11;
x-3=t+2; x-4=t+1; x-5=t; x-6=t-1; (t+2)(t+1)t(t-1)=1680;
(t2-1)(t2+2t)-1680=0; t4+2t3-t2-2t-1680=0; 5·6·7·8;
t4-6t3+8t3-48t2+47t2-282t+280t-1680=0;
t3(t-6)+8t2(t-6)+47t(t-6)+280(t-6)=0; (t-6)(t3+8t2+47t+280)=0;
t-6=0; t1=6; x1=t1+5=6+5=11; t3+8t2+47t+280=0;
t3+7t2+t2+7t+40t+280; t2(t+7)+t(t+7)+40(t+7)=0; (t+7)(t2+t+40)=0;
t+7=0; t2=-7; x2=t2+5=-7+5=-2; köki ýok; jogaby x1=11; x2=-2;

1 x4 x3 x2 x 1 2 1 1
316.1)x4-7x3+14x2-7x+1=0; ( 2 ); 2 -7 2 +14 2 -7 2+ 2 =0;x -7x+14-7 + =0;
x x x x
x x 𝑥 x2
1 1 1 1 1
(x2 + 2 )-7 (x+ ) +14+2-2=0;(x+ )2 -7 (x+ ) +12=0; x+ =t; t2-7t+12=0;
x x x x x
1 3+√5 3-√5
t1=3; t2=4; x+ =3; x -3x+1=0; x1=
2
; x 2= ;
x 2 2
1
x+ =4; x2-4x+1=0;
x
4+√12 4+2√3 4-√12 4-2√3
x3= = =2+√3; x4= = =2-√3;
2 2 2 2

46
 1 2x4 x3 x2 x 2 2 1 2
2)2x4+x3-11x2+x+2=0; ( 2 ); + 2 -11 2+ 2+ 2 =0;x -x-11+7 + =0;
x x2 x x x x 𝑥 x2
1 1 1 1 1
2(x2 + 2
2 )+ (x+ ) -11+4-4=0;2(x+ ) + (x+ ) -15=0; x+ =t; 2t +t-15=0;
2
x x x x x
1
t1=2,5; t2=-3; x + =2,5; x2-2,5x+1=0; x1=2; x2=0,5;
x
1 -3+√5 -3-√5
x + =-3; x2+3x+1=0; x3= ; x4= ;
x 2 2
√5-3 √5-3
jogaby; x1=0,5; x2=2; x3= ; x4=- ;
2 2
3)x4-5x3+10x2-10x+4=0; x4-x3-4x3+4x2+6x2-6x-4x+4=0;
x3(x-1)-4x2(x-1)+6x(x-1)-4(x-1)=0; (x-1)(x3-4x2+6x-4)=0;
x-1=0; x1=1; x3-4x2+6x-4=0; x3-2x2-2x2+4x+2x-4=0;
x2(x-2)-2x(x-2)+2(x-2)=0; (x-2)(x2-2x+2)=0;
x-2=0; x2=2; x2-2x+2≠0; jogaby; x1=1; x2=2;
5)(x+5)4-13x2(x+5)2+36x4=0; (x+5)4-12x2(x+5)2+36x4-x2(x+5)2=0;
[(x+5)2-(6x)2]2-[x(x+5)]2=0; [(x+5-6x)(x+5+6x)]2-[x2+5x]2=0;
[(5-x)(11x+5)]2-[x2+5x]2=0; [(5-x)(11x+5)]2=[x2+5x]2;
(5-x)(11x+5)= x2+5x; we (5-x)(11x+5)=-x2-5x;
-11x2+50x+25=x2+5x; 12x2-45x-25=0;
-11x2+50x+25=-x2-5x; 10x2-55x-25=0;
6)2(x-1)4-5(x2-3x+2)2+2(x-2)4=0;
(x-1)4-2,5((x-1)(x-2))2+(x-2)4=0;
(x-1)4-2((x-1)(x-2))2+(x-2)4=0,5((x-1)(x-2))2;
[(x-1)2-(x-2)2]2=0,5((x-1)(x-2))2;
√2 (x-1-x+2)(x-1+x-2)=(x-1)(x-2);
√2(2x-3)=(x-1)(x-2); x2-3x+2-2√2x+3√2=0; x2-(3+2√2)x+2+3√2=0;
D= 9+8+12√2-8-12√2=9
x1= (3+2√2+3)/2=3+√2; x2= ( 3+2√2-3)/2=√2;
√2 (x-1-x+2)(x-1+x-2)=-(x-1)(x-2);
√2(2x-3)=-(x-1)(x-2); -x2+3x-2-2√2x+3√2=0; x2+(3-2√2)x-2+3√2=0;
D= 9+8-12√2+8-12√2=25-24 √2<0; köki ýok;
jogaby; x1= (3+2√2+3)/2=3+√2; x2= ( 3+2√2-3)/2=√2;
7)2(x2+x+1)2-7(x-1)2=13(x3-1); 2(x2+x+1)2-7(x-1)2-13(x-1)(x2+x+1)=0;
x2+x+1=a; x-1=b; 2a2-7b2-13ab=0; 2a2+ab-14ab-7b2=0 ;
(2a2+ab)-(14ab+7b2)=0; a(2a+b)-7b(2a+b)=0; (a-7b)(2a+b)=0;
a-7b=0; a=7b; 2a+b=0; x2+x+1=7(x-1); x2+x+1-7x+7=0;
x2-6x+8=0; x1=4; x2=2; 2(x2+x+1)+x-1=0; 2x2+2x+2+x-1=0;
2x2+3x+1=0; x3=-1; x4=-0,5; jogaby; x1=4; x2=2; x3=-1; x4=-0,5;
8)(x+2)(x+3)(x+8)(x+12)=4x2;
(x2+5x+6)(x2+20x+96)-4x2=0; x4+25x3+202x2+600x+576-4x2=0;
x4+25x3+198x2+600x+576=0;
47
 (x4+4x3)+(21x3+84x2)+(114x2+456x)+(144x+576)=0;
x3(x+4)+21x2(x+4)+114x(x+4)+144(x+4)=0;
(x+4)(x3+21x2+114x+144)=0; x+4=0; x1=-4;
x3+21x2+114x+144=0; (x3+6x2)+(15x2+90x)+(24x+144)=0;
x2(x+6)+15x(x+6)+24(x+6)=0; (x+6)(x2+15x+24)=0; x+6=0; x2=-6;
√129-15 √129+15
x2+15x+24=0; x3= ; x4=− ;
2 2
3 3
11) =3-x-x2 ; 1+x+x =t; -t2+4t-3=0; 2
3-x-x2 =-t+4; =-t+4;
1+x+x2 t
2
t2-4t+3=0; t1=3; t2=1; 1+x+x =3; x +x-2=0; x1=-2; x2=-1; 2

1+x+x2 =1; x2+x=0; x3=0; x4=-1; jogaby; x1=-2; x2=-1; x3=0;

1 2 6
12) + = ; x2 -3x+3=t-1; x2 -3x+4=t; x2 -3x+5=t+1;
x2 -3x+3 x2 -3x+4 x2 -3x+5
1 2 6
+ = ; t(t+1)+2(t-1)(t+1)-6t(t-1)=0; t2+t+2t2-2-6t2+6t=0;
t-1 t t+1
1
-3t2+7t-2=0; 3t2-7t+2=0; t1=2; t2= ; x2 -3x+4=2; x2 -3x+2=0;
3
1
x1=2; x2=1;x2 -3x+4= ;3x2-9x+11=0; d<0; köki ýok; jogaby; x1=2; x2=1;
3
x2 -x x2 -x+2 t t+2
13) 2 - 2 =1; x2 -x=t; - =1;t(t-2)-(t+1)(t+2)=(t+1)(t-2);
x -x+1 x -x-2 t+1 t-2
t2-2t-t2-3t-2-t2+t+2=0; -t2-4t=0; t2+4t=0; t1=0; t2=-4;
x2 -x=0; x1=0;x2=1; x2 -x=-4; x2-x+4=0; D<0;köki ýok;jogaby; x1=0; x2=1;
8 8
14) x3 -x2 - 3 2 =2; x3 -x2 =t; t- =2; t2-2t-8=0; t1=4; t2=-2;
x -x t
x -x =4; x -2x +x -2x+2x-4=0; x2(x-2)+x(x-2)+2(x-2)=0;
3 2 3 2 2

(x-2)(x2+x+2)=0;x-2=0; x1=2; x2+x+2=0; D<0; köki ýok;

x3-x2=-2; x3-x2+2=0; x2=-1; x3=2; jogaby; x1=2; x2=-1

12 4 1 1 1 1
317.1) 4x2+12x+ + 2=47; 4(x2+ 2)+12(x+ )=47; x+ =z; (x+ )2=z2;
x x x x x x
1 5 11
x2+ 2=z2-2; 4(z2-2)+12z-47=0; 4z2-8+12z-47=0; 4z2+12z-55=0; z1= ;z2=-
x 2 2
1 5
x+ = ; 2x2-5x+2=0; x1=2; x2=0,5;
x 2
1 11 √105-11 √105+11
x+ = - ; 2x2+11x+2=0; x3= ; x 4= - ;
x 2 2 2
√105-11 √105+11
jogaby; x1=2; x2=0,5; x3= ; x4= - ;
2 2
x2 48 x 4 x2 16 5 x 4 x 4 x 4
2) + =5 ( + ) ; + = ( + ); + =z; ( + )2 =z2 ;
3 x2 3 x 9 x2 3 3 x 3 x 3 x
x2 16 2 8 x2 16 2 2 8 8 5 8
+ 2 + =z ; + 2 =z − ; z − = z; 3z -5z-8=0; z1= ; z2=-1;
2
9 x 3 9 x 3 3 3 3
x 4 8
+ = ; x -8x+12=0;
2
x1=6; x2=2;
3 x 3
x 4
+ =-1; x +3x+12=0; D<0; köki ýok; jogaby; x1=6; x2=2;
2
3 x

48
 3) (1+x2)√1+x2 =x2 -1; √1+x2 =t; 1+x2=t2; x2-1=t2-2;
t2∙t=t2-2; t3-t2+2=0; t3+t2-2t2-2t+2t+2=0; t2(t+1)-2t(t+1)+2(t+1)=0;
(t+1)(t2-2t+2)=0; t-1=0; t1=1; t2-2t+2=0; D<0;köki ýok;
1+x2=1; x=0 ; barlagy; (1+02)√1+02 =02 -1; 1≠-1; x=Ø;
4) x2 +√x2 +20=22; x2 +20+√x2 +20=42; √x2 +20=t; x2 +20=t2 ;
t2+t-42=0; t1=6; t2=-7; x2 +20=62 ; x2=36-20; x2=16; x1=4; x2=-4;
x2 +20=(-7)2 ; x2=49-20; x2=29; x3=√29; x4=-√29;
Barlagy;x=4; 42 +√42 +20=16+6=22; x=-4; (-4)2 +√(-4)2 +20=16+6=22;

Barlagy;x= √29; (√29)2 +√(√29)2 +20=29+7=36≠22;

2 2
x=-√29; (-√29) +√(-√29) +20=29+7=36≠22; jogaby; x1=4; x2=-4;
5) √5+ √x+√5- √x= √x; 5- √x>0; x<125; 5+ √x>0;
3 3 3 3 3

3 2
√x=t>0; √5+t+√5-t=t; (√5+t+√5-t) =t2 ;
5+t+5-t+2(√5+t∙√5-t)=t2 ;(t2-10)2=(2√25-t2 )2 ; t4-20t2+100-100+4t2=0;
t4-16t2=0; t2(t2-16)=0; t1=0; del kök; t2=16; t2=4; t3=-4; del kök;
3
√x=t; x=t3=43=64; jogaby; x=64;
3 3
6) x+ √x-2=0; √x=t; x=t3 ; t3+t-2=0; t3-t2+t2-t+2t-2=0;
T2(t-1)+t(t-1)+2(t-1)=0; (t-1)(t2+t+2)=0; t-1=0; t=1; t2+t+2≠0;
x=t3 =13=1; jogaby; x=1
4 4
7)√x3 +8+√x3 +8=6; √x3 +8=t2; √x3 +8=t>0; t2+t-6=0; t1=-3<0 del kök;
3 3
t2=2; √x3 +8=t; x3 +8=t4; x= √t4 -8= √24 -8= √16-8= √8=2; jogaby; x=2;
4 3 3

4 4
8) x√x2 +15-√x√x2 +15=2; √x√x2 +15=t; x√x2 +15=t2 ; t2-t-2=0;
4
t1=-1; t2=2; √x√x2 +15=t=2; x√x2 +15=4; x2(x2+15)=16;
x4+15x2-16=0; x=-16;<0 del kök; x=1;
9) √x2 -3x+5+x2=3x+7; √x2 -3x+5+x2-3x+5=12; x2-3x+5=t2; √x2 -3x+5=t>0;
t2+t-12=0; t1=-4; del kök; t2=3; x2-3x+5=t2=32=9; x2-3x-4=0;
x1=-1; x2=4;
10)(x+1)(x+4)-3√x2 +5x+2=6; (x2+5x+4)-3√x2 +5x+2=6;
x2 +5x+2=t2;x2+5x+4=t2+2; (t2+2)-3t-6=0; t2-3t-4=0; t1=4; t2=-1;<0 del kök
x2 +5x+2=t2=42=16; x2+5x-14=0; x1=-7; x2=2;
3 3
318.1)4x-3 √x-1=0; √x=t; x=t3; 4t3-3t-1=0; 4t3-4t2+4t2-4t+t-1=0;
4t2(t-1)+4t(t-1)+(t-1)=0; (t-1)(4t2+4t+1)=0; t-1=0; t=1; 4t2+4t+1=0; t=-0,5;
x1=t13=13=1; x2=t23=(-0,5)3=-0,125; jogaby ;x1=1; x2=-0,125;
2) x10 -x5 -2√x5 +2=0; √x5 =t; x5 =t2 ; x10 =t4 ; t4-t2-2t+2=0; t4-t3+t3-t2-2t+2=0;
49
 t3(t-1)+t2(t-1)-2(t-1)=0; (t-1)(t3+t2-2)=0; t-1=0; t=1; t3+t2-2=0;
t3-t2+2t2-2t+2t-2=0; t2(t-1)+2t(t-1)+2(t-1)=0; (t-1)(t2+2t+2)=0; t-1=0; t=1;
5
t2+2t+2≠0; √x5 =t=1; x5=12=1; x=√1=1; jogaby; x=1;
3
3) √x+√x-1=1; x-1=t3; x=t3+1; √t3 +1+ √t3 =1; √t3 +1=1-t; t3+1=1-2t+t2;
3

t3-t2+2t=0; t(t2-t+2)=0; t=0; t2-t+2≠0; x=t3+1=03+1=1; jogaby; x=1;

4) √2-x=1-√x-1; √2-x=t; 2-x=t3; x=2-t3; x-1=1-t3; t=1-√1-t3 ;
3 3

(1-t)2=(√1-t3 )2; 1-2t+t2-1+t3=0; t3+t2-2t=0; t(t2+t-2)=0; t1=0; t2+t-2=0;

t2=-2; t3=1; x1=2-t13=2-03=2;
x2=2-t23=2-(-2)3=2+8=10;
x3=2-t33=2-13=2-1=1;
5)√x+2√x-1+√x-2√x-1=x-1; x-1=t; x=t+1; √t+1+2√t+√t+1-2√t=t;
√(√t+1)2 +√(√t-1)2 =t; √t+1+√t-1=t; t=2√t; t2=4t; t2-4t=0;t(t-4)=0;
t1=0; t2=4; x1=t1+1=0+1=1; x2=t2+1=4+1=5; jogaby; x1=1; x2=5;
6)2x-5+2√x2 -5x+2√x-5+2√x=48; x+x-5+2√x(x-5)+2√x-5+2√x=48;
(√x+√x-5)2 +2(√x+√x-5)-48=0; (√x+√x-5)2 =t2; √x+√x-5=t>0;
t2+2t-48=0; t2=-8 del kök; t2=6; √x+√x-5=t=6; (√x+√x-5)2=62;
2x-5+2√x(x-5)=36; 2√x(x-5)=41-2x; 4x2-20x=1681-164x+4x2;
1681
144x=1681; x= ;
144
7) √x+√x+7+2√x2 +7x=35-2x; x+x+7+√x+√x+7+2√x2 +7x=42;
(√x+√x+7)2 +(√x+√x+7)-42=0; (√x+√x+7)2 =t2; √x+√x+7=t;
T2+t-42=0; t2=-7 del kök; t2=6; √x+√x+7=t=6; (√x+√x+7)2=62;
2x+7+2√x(x+7)=36; 2√x(x+7)=29-2x; 4x2+28x=841-116x+4x2;
841
144x=841; x= ;
144
8)x+√x+√x+2+√x2 +2x=3;

xy-x+y=7 2xy=20 xy=10 x=y+3 x=y+3 y =2;y2 =-5

319.1){ { { { { 2 { 1
xy+x-y=13 2x-2y=6 x-y=3 (y+3)y=10 y +3y-10=0 x1 =5;x2 =-2
x+xy+y=11 2xy=10 xy=5 x=6-y x=6-y y =1;y2 =5
2) { { { { { 2 { 1
x-xy+y=1 2x+2y=12 x+y=6 (6-y)y=5 y -6y+5=0 x1 =5;x2 =1
x2 -y2 =-5 (x+y)(x-y)=(2+3)(2-3)=(-2+3)(-2-3) x1 =2;y1 =3;
3){ { {
xy=6 xy=2∙3=(-2)(-3) x2 =-2;y2 =-3
x2 -y2 =-16 (x+y)(x-y)=(3+5)(3-5)=(-3+5)(-3-5) x1 =3;y1 =5;
4) { { {
xy=15 xy=3∙5=(-3)(-5) x2 =-3;y2 =-5
x-y=1 x=y+1 x=y+1 x=y+1 x=21;
5) { 2 2 { { { {
x -y =41 (y+1)2 -y2 =41 2y=40 𝑦 = 20 y=20;
50
 x-y=2 x=y+2 x=y+2 x=y+2 x=3;
6) { { { { {
x2 -y2 =8 (y+2)2 -y2 =8 4y=4 y=1 y=1;
1
x-y= xy xy=4(x-y) xy=4(x-y) xy=4(x-y)
4
7){ 5 { 2 2 5 { 2 2 { 2
x2 +y2 = xy x +y = 2 ∙4(x-y) x -2xy+y =10(x-y)-8(x-y (x-y) =2(x-y)
2
xy=4(x-y) x=y+2 x=y+2 x1 =-2; y2 =4;
{ { { 2 {
x-y=2 (y+2)y=4(y+2-y) y +2y-8=0 y1 =-4; y2 =2;
x2 +y2 =34 x2 +y2 =34 x2 +2xy+y2 =34+46-2(x+y)
8){ { { 2
x+y+xy=23 2xy=46-2(x+y) x -2xy+y2 = 34-46+2(x+y)
(x+y)2 =80-2(x+y) (x+y)2 +2(x+y)+1=81; ((x+y)+1)2 =81;
{ 2 { 2 {
(x-y) =-12+2(x+y) (x-y) =-12+2(x+y) (x-y)2 =-12+2(x+y)
x+y+1=9 x+y=8 y=8-x
{ { {
(x-y)2 =-12+2(x+y) (x-y)2 =-12+2(x+y) (x-y)2 =-12+2∙8
y=8-x x+y=8 x+y=8 x1 =5; y1 =3;
{ { x-y=2 { 2x=10 {
(x-y)2 =4 x-y=-2
x2 =3; y2 =5;
2x=6
3𝑥−𝑦=1; 𝑦=3𝑥−1;
9x2 +y2 =13 9x2 +y2 =13 9x2 -6xy+y2 =1 (3x-y)2 =1 3𝑥−𝑦=−1 6𝑥(3𝑥−1)=12;
320.1){ { { { { {
xy=2; 6xy=12; 6xy=12; 6xy=12; 6𝑥𝑦=12; 6𝑥(3𝑥+1)=12;
2 2
y=3x-1; y=3x-1; x2 =- ; y2 =3x2 -1=3∙(- )-1=-2-1=-3;
{ 2 { 2 { 3 3
18x -6x-12=0; 3x -x-2=0; x1 =1; y1 =3x1 -1=3∙1-1= 2
3x2 +xy-2y2 =0;
2){ 2
2x -3xy+y2 =-1
xy+x+y=11 xy+x+y=11 xy=a a+b=11 a=11-b a=11-b
3){ 2 { { { { {
x y+xy2 =30 xy(x+y)=30 x+y=b ab=30 (11-b)b=30 b2 -11b+30=0
b =5; a1 =6 xy=6; xy=5 x1 =3; x2 =2; x3 =1; x4 =5;
{ 1 { { y =2; y =3; y =5; y =1;
b2 =6; a1 =5 x+y=5; x+y=6; 1 2 3 4
3 3 2 2
x +y =35 2
(x+y)(x -xy+y )=35 (x+y)(x +2xy+y2 )-3(x+y)xy=35
4){ 2 { {
x y+xy2 =30 xy(x+y)=30 xy(x+y)=30
(x+y)3 -3(x+y)xy=35 xy=a b3 -3ab=35 b3 -3∙30=35 b3 =125
{ {x+y=b { { {
xy(x+y)=30 ab=30 ab=30 ab=30
b=5 b=5 x+y=6 x1 =1; x2 =5
{ { { {
5a=30 a=6 xy=5 y1 =5; x2 =1
2 2 2 2
x2 y3 +x3 y =12 x2 y2 (y+x)=12 x y (y+x)=12 x y (y+x)=12
2
5){ { 2 2 { x2 y2 (y+x) 12 {(y+x)
2 3 3 2 x y (y-x)=4 = =3
x y -x y =4 x2 y2 (y-x) 4 (y-x)

51
 x2 y2 (y+x)=12 x2 y2 (y+x)=12 y=2x y=2x
{ { { 2 {
y+x=3y-3x 2y=4x x (2x)2 (2x+x)=12 4x4 ∙3x=12
y=2x y=2x x=1;
{ { { jogaby (1;2)
12x5 =12 x5 =1 y=2∙1=2;
x3 +y3 =19 (x+y)(x2 -xy+y2 )=19
6) { {
(xy+8)(x+y)=2 (xy+8)(x+y)=2
(x+y)(x2 +2xy+y2 )-3(x+y)xy=19 (x+y)3 -3(x+y)xy=19 xy=a
{ { {x+y=b
(xy+8)(x+y)=2 (xy+8)(x+y)=2
b3 -3ab=19 3 3 3
{ { b -3∙ab=19 { b -3∙ab=19 { 3 -3∙ab=19
b
(a+8)b=2 ab+8b=2 3ab+24b=6 b +24b-25=0
b -b +b -b+25b-25=0; (b-1)(b2+b+25)=0; b-1=0; b=1; b2+b+25≠0;
3 2 2

b=1; b=1; xy=a=-6 x1 =-2;x2 =3;

{ { { {
a∙1+8∙1=2; a=2-8=-6; x+y=b=1 y1 =3;y2 =-2
2 2
321.1) 1<3|x -x| <9; 30<3|x -x| <32; 0<|x2 -x|<2; 0<x2-x<2; we 0< -x2+x<2;
x2-x>0; x1=0; x2=1; x2-x<2; x2-x-2<0; x3=-1; x4=2;
we 0< -x2+x<2; onda -x2+x-2=0; x2-x+2=0; D<0; köki ýok;
x∈(-1;0)∪(0;1)∪(1;2)

4 1
2) 22+x-22-x>15; 4·2x- x-15>0; 4·22x-15·2x-4=0; 2x=a; a2-15a-4>0; a1=4; a2=- ;
2 4
1
2 =4=2 ; x=2; 2 ≠- ; x∈(2;∞)
x 2 x
4
2
(x-2)
3)4x-22(x-1)+8 >52; 22x-22x/4+22x/16>52; 16·22x-4·22x+22x>832;
3

13·22x>832; 22x>64=26; 2x>6; x>3; x∈(3;∞);

4)√9x -3x+2 >3x -9; (√9x -3x+2 )2 >(3x -9)2 ; 32x -3x+2 >32x -18∙3x +81;
-9·3x>-18·3x+81; 9·3x>81; 3x>9=32; x>2; x∈(2;∞)
5)52√x +5<5√x+1 +5√x ; 52√x +5<6∙5√x ; 52√x -6∙5√x +5<0; 5√x =a; a2-6a+5=0;
a=5; a=1; 5√x <5; √x<1; x<1; we 5√x <1=50; √x<0; x<0; x∈(0;1);
6)25·2x-10x+5x>25; a=2x; b=5x; 25a-ab+b>25; 25(a-1)-b(a-1)>0; (a-1)(25-b)>0;
a-1<0; 25-b<0; a<1; b>25; we a-1>0; 25-b>0; a>1; b<25
2x<1=20; x<0; 5x>25=52; x>2; çözüwi ýok;
we 2x>1=20; x>0; 5x<25=52; x<2; x∈(0;2) jogaby; x∈(0;2)
2 2 2
7)|x-3|2x -7x >1=|x-3|0 ; x-32x -7x >1; we x-32x -7x <1; 2x2 -7x>0; x=0; x=3,5 ;
x∈(-∞;0)∪(2;3,5);
8) 36x-2·18x-8·9x>0; 62x-2·(6·3)x-8·32x>0; (6x-3x)2>9·32x; 6x-3x>3·3x;
6x>4·3x;2x·3x>22·3x; 2x>22; x>2; x∈(2;∞);
8-12x
8 2 8-12x 2
9) 5log2 x-6 >125=53 ; x-6≠0;x≠6;8-12x≠0; x≠ = ; >0; x∈( ;6)
12 3 x-6 3

52
 8-12x 8-12x 52 13 13
log2 >3;
>8; 8-12x>8x-48; 20x<52; x< = ; x∈( ;6)
x-6 x-6 20 5 5
0,5
10) log|x-1| 0,5>0,5; x>0; x>2; 0,5>|x-1| ; 0,25>|x-1|; x-1<0,25; x<1,25;
x∈(0;0,75)∪(1,25;2)

log2 (x-3)2 1 2log2 (x-3) 2

log8 (x2 -6x+9) logx √x-1 2logx 𝑥 2 -1 1-1
322.1)2 ≤3 ;2 log2 8
≤3 ;2 3 ≤3 ; (x-3)2 ≤1; 3
3
1 (1+ √4)
x-3≤ 3 ; x≤ 3 ;
√4 √4
log5 5
2)log5 √3x+4∙logx 5>1; 3x+4>0; x>-4/3;x>0;x≠1; log5 (3x+4)∙ >2;
log5 x
log5 (3x+4)>2∙log5 x; log5 (3x+4)>log5 x2 ; 3x+4>x2;
x2-3x-4<0; x1=4; x2=-1; x∈(1;4)
3)logx (x3 +1)∙logx+1 x>2;

323.1)√2x+1<5; 2x+1≥0; x≥-0,5; 2x+1<25; 2x<24; x<12; x∈(-0,5;12)

2 2
2) √3x-2>1;3x-2≥0; x≥ ; 3x-2>1; 3x>3; x>1; x∈[ ;1)
3 3
2
3) √2x+10<3x-5; 2x+10≥0; x≥-5; 2x+10<9x -30x+25; 9x2-32x+15>0;
5
x1=3; x2= x∈(3;∞)
9
4)√x2 -x-12<x; x2 -x-12≥0; x=-3; x=4; x∈(-∞;-3)∪(4;∞); x2 -x-12<x2;
-x-12<0; -x<12; x>-12; x∈(-12;-3)∪(4;∞);
√17-15x-2x2 17 17
324.1) >0; x≠-3; 17-15x-2x2 ≥0; x=- ;x=1; x∈(- ;-3)∪(-3;1);
x+3 2 2
Jogaby; x∈(-3;1);
2) √x2 -4x<x-3; x2 -4x≥0; x=0; x=4; x∈(-∞;0)∪(4;∞); x2 -4x<x2-6x+9;
2x<9; x<4,5; x∈(-∞;0)∪(4,5;∞);
3) √x+1-√x-2≤1; x+1≥0; x≥-1; x-2≥0; x≥2; (√x+1-√x-2)2 ≤1;
x+1+x-2-2√x+1·√x-2≤1; -2√x+1·√x-2≤2-2x; (√x+1·√x-2)2≥(x-1)2;
x2-x-2≥x2-2x+1; x≤3; x∈[3;∞);

1
325.1) √3x+1+√x-4-√4x+5<0; 3x+1≥0; x≥- ; x-4≥0; x≥4; 4x+5≥0; x≥-1,25;
3
(√3x+1+√x-4) <(√4x+5) ; 3x+1+x-4+2√3x+1·√x-4<4x+5; 2√3x+1·√x-4<8;
2 2
14
√3x+1·√x-4<4; (3x+1)(x-4)<16; 3x2-11x-20<0; x=5; x=- ; x∈[3;5]; 3
5
2) √x-3+√1-x>√8x-5; x-3≥0; x≥3 ; 1-x≥0; x≤1; 8x-5≥0; x≥ ;
8
(√x-3+√1-x) <(√8x-5) ; x-3+1-x+2√x-3·√1-x<8x-5; 2√x-3·√1-x<8x-3;
2 2

4(x-3)(1-x)<64x2-48x+9; -4x2+16x-12<64x2-48x+9;
68x2-64x+21>0; D<0; çözüwi ýok;
3) √x-2-√x+3-2√x≥0; x-2≥0; x≥2 ; x+3≥0; x≥-3; x≥0;
53
 √x-2-√x+3≥2√x; (√x-2-√x+3)2<(2√x)2; x-2+x+3-2√x-2·√x+3<4x;
−2√x-2·√x+3<2x-1; 4(x2+x-6)>4x2-4x+1; 4x2+4x-24>4x2-4x+1;
25
8x-25<0; x< =3,125;on-da x≥2 we x<3,125; onda x=Ø;
8

2x-1 x+2 7 2x-1 x+2 1 1 7 4 3

326.1)√ -√ ≥ ; √ =a; √ = ; a- ≥ ; 12a2-7a-12≥0; a1= ; a2=- ;
x+2 2x-1 12 x+2 2x-1 a a 12 3 4

2x-1 4 2x-1 16
√ =a1= ; = ; 9(2x-1)=16(x+2); 18x-9=16x+32; 2x=41; x=20,5;
x+2 3 x+2 9
2x-1 3 2x-1 9 34
√ =a3=− ; = ; 16(2x-1)=9(x+2); 32x-16=9x+18; 23x=34; x= ;
x+2 4 x+2 16 23
x∈(-∞;-2)∪(20,5;∞);
2)√x2 -3x+5+x2 ≤3x+7; √x2 -3x+5+x2 -3x+5≤12; x2 -3x+5=a2; √x2 -3x+5=a;
a2+a-12≤0; a1=3; a2=-4; x2 -3x+5=a2=32=9; x2 -3x-4=0; x1=4; x2=-1;
We a2=-4; √x2 -3x+5≠-4<0; del kök; jogaby; x∈[-1;4];
3) 2x2 -√(x-3)(2x-7)<13x+9; 2x2 -13x+21-√2x2 -13x+21<30; 2x2-13x+21>0
x1=3,5; x2=3; x∈(-∞;3)∪(3,5;∞);
√2x2 -13x+21=a; 2x2 -13x+21=a2; a2-a-30<0; a1=6; a2=-5<0; del kök;
15
2x2 -13x+21=a2=62=36; 2x2-13x-15<0; x1=-1; x2= =7,5; x∈(-1;7,5)
2
x∈(-1;3)∪(3,5;7,5);

327.1)√x4 -2x2 +1>1-x; x4-2x2+1≥0;(x2-1)2≥0; x2-1≥0 ; x1=1; x2=-1;

x ∈(-∞;-1)∪(1;∞); 1-x>0;x<1; x2-1>1-x; x2+x-2>0; x3=-2; x4=1;
x ∈(-∞;-2)∪(0;1)∪(1;∞);
2)√3x2 +5x+7-√3x2 +5x+2>1; 3x2 +5x+2=t2; 3x2 +5x+7=t2+5;
t-√t2 +5>1; (t-1)2>t2+5; t2-2t+1-t2-5>0; -2t>4; t<-2;
1
3x2 +5x+2=t2=(-2)2=4; 3x2 +5x+2=4; 3x2 +5x-2=0; x1=-2; x2= ;
3
2 1
x ∈ (-2;-1]∪[- ; ) ;
3 3
4 4
3) -√2-x<2; 2-x≥0; x≤2; 2-x=t2; ) -t<2; t2+2t-4>0;
√2-x t
t1 =√5-1; t2 =-√5-1; 2-x=t =(√5-1) ; x1=2-5+2√5-1=-4+2√5;
2 2

2-x=t2=(−√5-1)2; x2=2-5-2√5-1=-4-2√5 < 0;del kök;

Jogaby ;x∈-∞;-4+2√5;

54
 x-5≥0 x≥5
{ {
328.1)|x-5|<2; {
x-5<2 { x<7 {5≤x<7 3<x<7; jogaby; 3<x<7;
x-5<0 x<5 3<x<5
{ {
5-x<2 x>3
2
x -7x+13≥0;D<0; x∈(-∞;∞)
{ 2 { 2
2
2) |x -7x+13|≥1; { x -7x+13≥1 { x -7x+12≥0;
2 x∈∅
{ 2-7x+13<0
x { 2
-x +7x-13<1 x -7x+14>0
x∈(-∞;∞)
{
x∈(-∞;3)∪(4;∞)
{ x∈(-∞;3)∪(4;∞);
x∈∅
{
x∈∅
2x+3≥0 x≥-1,5
{ {
3) |2x+3|≥7; { 2x+3≥7 { x<2 {-5<x<-1,5 -5<x<2; jogaby; -5<x<2;
-1,5≤x<2
2x+3<0 x<-1,5
{ {
2x+3<-7 x<-5

x2 +5x≥0; x∈(-∞;-5)∪(0;∞) x∈(-∞;-5)∪(0;∞)

{ 2 { 2 {
x +5x≤6; { x +5x-6≥0; x∈(-∞;-6)∪(1;∞)
4) |x2 +5x|≤6; { x∈(-5;1);
2 x∈(-5;0) x∈(-5;0)
{ x2 +5x<0 { 2 {
x∈(-∞;-3)∪(-2;∞)
{ x +5x<-6 x +5x+6<0
329. 1) |x+3| + |x-3|>8; x+3+x-3>8; 2x>8; x>4;
-x-3-x+3>8; -2x>8; x>-4; jogaby; x∈(-4;4)
2) |x+2| + |x-2|<6; x+2+x-2<6; 2x<6; x<3;
-x-3-x+3<6; -2x<6; x>-3; jogaby; x∈(-3;3);
3) |3x-4| + |3x+4|≤12; 3x-4+3x+4≤12; 6x≤12; x<2;
-3x+4-3x-4<12; -6x<12; x>-2; jogaby; x∈(-2;2);
4) |x+8| + |x-8|≥20; x+8+x-8≥20; 2x≥20; x≥10;
-x-8-x+8≤20; -2x≤20; x≥-10; jogaby; x∈(-10;∞)

x-0,5>0 x-0,5<0
{ {
(𝑥−0,5)(3−𝑥) 3-x>0 3-x<0
330.1) 𝑙𝑜𝑔 |𝑥−1| > 0; { log (x-1)>0 𝑤𝑒 { log (x-1)<0
2
{ 2 { 2
x-1≠1 x-1≠1

55
 x>0,5 x<0,5
{ {
x<3 x>3
{ x>2 we { x<2 x∈(0;0,5)∪[2;3]
{ {
x-1≠1 x-1≠1

x-2≥0
{ 2
331.1) 5x2-4|x-2|≤14; 5x2-14-4|x-2|≤0; { 5x -14-4x+2≤0
x-2<0
{ 2
5x -14+4x-2≤0
x≥2
x≥2 { 6
{ 2 x∈(- 5 ;2)
{ 5x -4x-12≤0
6
x<2 x∈(- ;2)
x<2 5
{ 2
5x +4x-16≤0 {(- 2√21-2 ; 2√21-2 )
{ 5 5
x-1≥0
{ 2
2) 3x2-2|x-1|>10; 3x2-10-2|x-1|>10; { 3x -10-2x+2>0
x-1<0
{ 2
3x -10+2x-2<0
x≥1
x≥1 { 4
{ 2 x∈(- 3 ;2)
{ 3x -2x-8>0
4
x<1 x∈(- ;2)
x<1 3
{ 2 { √37+1 √37-1
3x +2x-12≤0
{ (- 3 ; 3 )
(x+1)(3-x)>0 2 x =3;x2 =-1
{ { 2 -2x-3<0 { 1
x
(x+1)(3-x)≤6 x +2x+3≥0 x =-3;x2 =-1
332.1)|(x+1)(3-x)|≤6; { { 2 { 1
(x+1)(3-x)<0 x =3;x2 =-1
{ { x2 -2x-3>0 { 1
(x+1)(3-x)>6 x +2x+3≤0 x1 =-3;x2 =-1
x∈(-1;3)
{
x∈(-∞;-3]∪[-1;∞)
{ x∈[-3;3);
x∈(-∞;-1)∪(3;∞)
{
x∈[-3;-1]
(x+2)(x-4)>0 2
{ { 2 -2x-8>0
x
(x+2)(x-4)<6
2) |(x+2)(x-4)|<6; { { x 2-2x-14<0
(x+2)(x-4)<0
{ { x2 -2x-8<0
(x+2)(x-4)>6 x -2x-14>0

56
 x1 =4;x2 =-2 x∈(-∞;-2)∪(4;∞)
{ {
x1 =1-√15; x2 =1+√15 x∈(1-√15;1+√15)
x1 =4;x2 =-2 x∈(-2;4)
{ {
{ x1 =1-√15; x2 =1+√15 { x∈(-∞;1-√15)∪(1+√15;∞)
x∈(-2;1+√15);

333.1)y≥0,5x-2; 2)y≤-2x+3;

3)y<x2-2x-3; 4)y≥-x2+5x-6;

x+y≤1 y≤2x+9;
334.1){ 3) {
y≥0 y≥2x2 -2-7

x+y≤1 2x+y-2>0
2) { 4) {
x≥0 x-2y+2<0

2
y≥ ; y<-2x2 -4x+6
335.1){ x 3){
y<x-1 y<0

1
y<- x y>0,5x2 -x-4
2){ 4) {
y>x+2 y<0

57
 y>x2 +4x+6 y<x2 -6x+10
336.1){ 2){
y>-x+6 y<5

y≤0,5x+3 y≥-x-4
3){ 4) {
y≤-0,5x2 +5 y≤0,5x-4

x2 +y2 >4 (x-5)2 +y2 >25

337.1) { 2 2 2){ 2 2
x +y <9 x +y <25

y2 -x+4>0 y-x2 -4x-4>0

3){ 4) { 2 2
y+x2 -7x+10<0 x +y -1<0

y-x-6<0
y+2x-6>0 1
y+ x>0
338.1){ x>0 2){ 3
y+2x<0
y>0 y+4x<0

y+2x-10<0 y+3x+9>0
y-x<0
3) { y-0,2x>0 4) { x<0
y-3x>0 y<0

y-2x<0 y-x-8<0
y-2x+4<0 y-x-6>0
5){y<4 6) { x<0
y>0 y>0

58
 6
y≤x2 y≥ ;
339.1){ 2){ x
x+2y+1≥0 x+3y-4≥0
(2;1); (-2;4) (3;5); (6;2)

y≥2x-1 y≤2x2
3){ 4) {
xy≤12 2x+y≥0
(1;2) (-5;4) (2;5) (0;1)

340.1) x2+y2≤4,52; 4) y<-x2;

3) x2+y2≥3,52; 5)y>0,5x2;
2
5) y≤ x-1 ; 6)y>x+2 ;
3

x2 +y2 <16 x 2
+y2
<36 x2 +y2 <16 y<x+2
341.1){ 3) { 5) { 7){
y<0,5x x<-2 y>x2 ; y>-x+2
x2 +y2 <25 x2 +y2 <16 x2 +y2 <36 y<-x-3
2) { 2 2 4) { 6) { 8){
x +y >9 y<-2 y<-x2 ; y<x

343.1) (x+y)+(x-y)i=2+4i;
x+y=2 2x=6 x=3
{ { {
x-y=4 2y=-2 y=-1
2) (x+y)+(x-y)i=4i;
x+y=0 2x=4 x=2
{ { {
x-y=4 2y=-4 y=-2
3) (x+y)+(x-y)i=2;
x+y=2 2x=2 x=1
{ { {
x-y=0 2y=2 y=1
4) (y+2x)+(2y+4x)i=0;
y+2x=0 y=-2x x=R
{ { {
2y+4x=0 y=-2x y=R
5) (x+1,5y)+(2x+3y)i=13i;
x+1,5y=0 x=1,5y x=Ø
{ { {
2x+3y=13 x+1,5y=6,5 y=Ø

344.1) (x-y)+(3x+y)i=3-3i;
x-y=3 4x=0 x=0
{ { {
3x+y=-3 y=-3 y=-3
2) (x-5y)+(2x-y)i=6+3i;
59
 x-5y=6 2x-10y=12 9y=-9 y=-1 y=-1
{ { { { {
2x-y=3 2x-y=3 2x-y=3 2x=3+y=3-1=2 x=1

345.1) 5+9i -hakyky bölegi 5 we hyýaly bölegi 9

346.1) 8 we 3 8+3i ; 2) 0,8-0,8i;

1 5 5
347.1) -0,25+√9i=- +3i; 2) 0,8-0,8i= - i; 3) 5-3i=√25-√9i;
4 4 4

348.1)-0,7+√2i-çatyrymlysy )-0,7-√2i; 2)0,6-0,4i-çatyrymlysy 0,6+4i;

349.1)(x-7)+2i; x-7=0;x=7; 2)(5-x)-6i;5-x=0;x=5; 3)(0,9x-0,9)+7i;0,9x-0,9=0;x=1;

350.1) 5+(x-7)I; x-7=0; x=7; 2)0,8-(6-x)I; 6-x=0; x=6;

1 1
2x=4 x=2 1 1 x=- x=-
3 3
351.1) (2x)+(3y)i=4+6i; { { 2) x+(2-y)i=- + i; { 1 {
3y=6 y=3 3 2
2-y= y=1
1
2 2
352.1)(6+4i)+(-9-7i)=(6-9)+(4-7)i=-3-3i;
2)(7-7i)+(3-6i)=(7+3)+(-7-6)i=10-13i;
3)(23-45i)+(-35+10i)=(23-35)+(-45+10)i=-12-35i;

353.1)(16+0,7i)-(18+7,6i)=(16-18)+(0,7-7,6)i=-2-6,9i;
2)(-0,5+2,1i)-(0,2+i)=(-0,5-0,2)-(2,1-1)i=-0,7-1,1i;
3)(56+37i)-(66-75i)=(56-66)+(37+75)i=-10+112i;

354.1) (5+3i)-(2+i)=(5+2)-(3-2)i=7-I;
2)(12-7i)+(-12+i)=(12-12)+(-7+1)i=-6i;
4)(2+i)+(3+i)+(-4+5i)=(2+3-4)+(1+1+5)i=1+7i;

355.1) (103+65i)-(-55-72i)+(-6+23i)-(5+11i)=
=(103-55-6-5)+(65+72+23-11)i=38+149i;
2)(0,8-0,2i)+(0,1-1,3i)-(1,5+0,7i)-(2,3-0,6i)=
=(0,8+0,1-1,5-2,3)+(-0,2-1,3-0,7+0,6)i=-2,9-1,6i;
3) (2c-8di)-(5c-2di)+(c-di)-(-4c+3di)=(2c-5c+c+4c)+(-8d+2d-d-3d)i=2c-10fi;

5x+2y=3 5x+2y=3 2y=3-5∙(-2) y=7,5

356.1)(5x-3i)+(2y-xi)=3-i;{ { { {
-3-x=-1 x=-2 x=-2 x=-2
2x+7y=-12 2x+7y=-12 10y=-17
2)(2x-5i)+(7y+2xi)=-12+3yi; { { {
-5+2x=3y 2x-3y=5 2x-3y=5
60
 y=-1,7 y=-1,7
{ {
2x=5+3∙(-1,7) x=-0,05

0-10x=-5y x=0,5y x=0,5y x=-1

357.1) (0+3xi)-(10x+2yi)=-5y+3i;{ { { {
3x-2y=3 0,5∙y-2y=3 -1,5y=3 y=-2

358.1) 3+i- garşylykly san; -3-i; 2)1-5i-garşylykly san -1+5i;

3) -2+0i-garşylykly san; 2-0i; 4)0+4i-garşylykly san; 0-4i;

3+a=0; a=-3
359.1)3-2i+a+bi=0; { {
-2+b=0; b=2

5-a=8; a=-3
360. 5-3i-a-bi=8; { {
-3-b=0; b=-3
361.1.(5+i)(-2+3i)=5∙(-2)+5∙3i+i∙(-2)+3i2=-10+15i-2i-3=-13+13i=-13(1-i);
2.(0,5+0,2i)(2+3i)=1+1,5i+0,4i+0,6i2=0,4+1,9i;
3. (7+4i)2=49+56i+16i2=49+56i-16=33+56i;
4. (5+i)(15-3i)=75-15i+15i-3i2=75+3=78;

362.1) köpeltmek hasyly; 2) paýy;

363.1) (5+8i)(4+5i)=20+25i+32i+40i2=20+57i-40=-20+57i;
2) (√5-5i)(√5+i)=5+√5i-5√5i-5i2 =5+√5i-5√5i+5=10+√5(1-5i);
3) 9i∙4i∙√3=36∙i2 √3=-36√3;
4) (6-2i)(-4)=-4∙2(3-i)=-8(3-i);
5) (-8-12i)(-5i)=40i+60i2=40i-60=-20(3-2i);
6) (2+7i)(2-7i)=22-72i2=4+49=53;
7) (8+i)(8-i)=64+1=65;
8) (5+√2i)(5-√2i)=25+2=27;
9) (√a+√bi)(√a-√bi)=a+b;
2 3 2 3 4 9 64+81 125
10) ( + i) ( - i) = + = = ;
3 4 3 4 9 16 144 144

364.1) (3+7i)(2+i)=6+17i-7=-1+17i;
2) (√2-i)(√3+√2i)=√6-(√3-√2)i+√2;
7 3 7 3 49 9 49+36 85
3) ( + i) ( - i) = + = = ;
8 4 8 4 64 16 64 64

61
 (1+√3i)2 1+2√3i-3 -2(2-√3i) -2+√3i)
365.1)(1+√3i):(1-√3i)= = = = ;
(1-√3i)∙(1+√3i) 1+3 4 2
3+4i (3+4i)(5+2i) 15+6i+20i-8 7+26i
2) = = = ;
5-2i (5-2i)(5+2i) 25+4 29
5 5(1-2i) 5(1-2i) 5(1-2i)
3) = = = =1-2i;
1+2i (1+2i)(1-2i) 1+4 5

366.1) a2+9b2=(a+3bi)(a-3bi);
2) a+25=(√a+5i)(√a-5i);
3) 0,64+0,49x2=(0,8-0,7xi)(0,8-0,7xi);
4) x4+y4=(x2-y2i)( x2+y2i);
5) 7=3+4=(√3+2i)(√3-2i);
367.1) x2+16=(x+4i)(x-4i);
2) 25+100=(5+10i)(5-10i)=25(1+2i)(1-2i);
3) 49a2+4b2=(7a+2bi)(7a-2bi);
4) c+144=(√c+12i)( √c-12i);
5) y+25=(√y+5i)(√y-5i);

8+3i (8+3i)(4+i) 32+20i+3𝑖 2 29+20i

368.1) = = = ;
4-i (4-i)(4+i) 16+1 17
5+i (5+i)(-i) -5i-𝑖 2 -5i+1
2) = = = =-5i+1;
i i∙(-i) 1 1
6 6(4+9i) 24+36i 24+36i
3) = = = ;
4-9i (4-9i)(4+9i) 16+81 97
9-i (9-i)(9-i) 81-18i+i2 80-18i
4) = = = ;
9+i (9+i)(9-i) 81+1 82
5+0i (5)(-4-3i) -20-15i -20-15i
369. = = = ;
-4+3i (-4+3i)(-4-3i) 16+9 25

370.1) (3+4i)(6-5i)=18+9i-20i2=18+9i+20=38+9i;
2) (7-2i)(3,5-i)=24,5-14i+2i2=24,5-14i-2=22,5-14i;
0+4i (4i)(1-i) 4i+-4i2 4+4i
3) = = = =2+2i;
1+i (1+i)(1-i) 1+1 2
2+i (2+i)(2+i) 4+4i+i2 3+4i
4) = = = ;
2-i (2-i)(2+i) 4+1 5
1 1 1-i+1+i 2
5) + = = =1;
1+i 1-i (1-i)(1+i) 1+1
1-i 1+i (1-i)(1-i)+(1+i)(1+i) 1-2i-1+1+2i-1 0
6) + = = = = 0;
1+i 1-i (1-i)(1+i) 1+1 2
4·5+1 4·5
371. 1) i =i 21
=i ·i=1·i=i;
42 4·10+2 4·10 2
2) i =i =i ·i =1·i2=1·(-1)=-1;
3) i78=i4·19+2=i4·10·i2=1·i2=1·(-1)=-1;
62
 4)(1+2i)6=((1+2i)2)3=(1+4i+4i2)3=(1+4i-4)3=(4i-3)3=(4i)3-3(4i)24+3(4i)(-3)-33=
=-4i+48+108i-27=21+104i;
5) (3+i)2=9+6i-1=8+6i;
6)(1-i)20=((1-i)2)10=((2i)2)5=(-4)5=-1024;

372.1) 3i3=-3i;
2) 2i7=2·i4·i3=2i3=-2i;
3) 7i24=7i4·6=7·1=7;
4) 5i94=5i4·23+2=5i4·23i2=5i2=-5;
5)10i111=10i4·27+310i3=-10i;

373.1) x2-12x+45=0; D=b2-4ac=122-4·45=144-180=-36=(6i)2;

12±√(6i)2 12±6i
x= = =6±3i; x1 =6+3i; x2 =6-3i;
2 2
2) 2x2-x+3=0; D=b2-4ac=12-4·2·3=1-24=-23=(√23i)2;
2
1±√(√23i) 1±√23i 1+√23i 1-√23i
x= = ; x1 = ; x2 = ;
4 4 4 4
3) 3x2+7x+5=0; D=b2-4ac=72-4·3·5=49-60=-11=(√11i)2;
2
-7±√(√11i) 1±√11i 1+√11i 1-√11i
x= = ; x1 = ; x2 = ;
2·3 6 6 6

4) 3x2+2x+27=0; D=b2-4ac=22-4·3·27=4-324=-320=(√5∙26 i)2;

2
-2±√(√5∙26 i) 2±8√5i 2+8√5i 2-8√5i
x= = ; x1 = ; x2 = ;
2·3 6 6 6

374.1) i6+i16+i26+i36+i46+i56=i6(1+i10)+i26(1+i10)+i46(1+i10)=(1+i10)(i6+i26+i46)=
=(1+i2·4+2)( i6+i26+i46)=(1+i2)( i6+i26+i46)=(1-1)( i6+i26+i46)=0·( i6+i26+i46)=0;
2) i+i2+i3+i4+…+in(n>4)=(i+i3)+(i2+i4)+(i5+i7)+(i6+i8)+...+(in-3+in-1+(in-2+in)=
=(i-i)+(-1+1)+(i-i)+(-1+1)+....+(i-i)+(-1+1)=0+0+...+0=0;
1 1 1 1
3) -11 - -41 + -75 - -1023 =i11-i41+i75-i1023=i4·2+3-i4·10+1+i4·18+3-i4·255+3=i3-i+i3-i3=-i-i=-2i;
i i i i

375.3i3-2ai3+(1-a)i+5=-3i+2ai+i-ai+5=-2i+ai+5; bu ýerden 1)-2i+ai=0; a=2;

-i(2i-5) -2i2 +5i
2)-2i+ai+5; a≠2; 3) - 2i+ai+5=0; ai=2i-5; a= = =2-5i;
i∙(-i) -i2
2 2 a2
=b 2 a=b; a=b
376.1) (a+bi) =i; a +2abi-b =i; { a -b =0 ; { 1 { 1 {
2 2 2
1 √2
2ab=1; ab= ; a2 = 2 ; a= √2 = 2 ;
2

63
 2
√2 √2 2 2 2 1
( + i) = +2 i- =i; ýa-da (1+i)2=i;
2 2 4 4 4 4
1 1
1 √3 1 √3
a2 -b2 = a2 =b2 + a=-
√3
2 2
2)(a+bi)2 = - i; a2+2abi-b2= - i; { √3
{ √3
{ 2
1
2 2 2 2
2ab=- ; ab=- ; b=
2 24
√3 1 3 √3 1 1 √3 1 1 √3
(- + i)2= -2 i- = - i; ya-da (-√3+i)2 = - i;
2 2 4 4 4 2 2 4 2 2

377.1)x2-2x+2=0; x2-2x+1=-1; (x-1)2=i2; x-1=±i; x1=i+1; x2=-i+1;

2) 4x2+4x+5=0; 4x2+4x+1=-4; (2x+1)2=(2i)2; 2x+1=±2i; x1=i-0,5; x2=-i-0,5;
3) x2-14x+74=0; x2-2·7x+49+25=0; (x-7)2=(5i)2; x-7=±5i; x1=7+5i; x2=7-5i;

x+y=6 x=6-y x=6-y x=6-y; x=6-y;

378.{ { { 2 { {
xy=45 (6-y)y=45 y -6y+45=0 y2 -2∙3y+9+36=0 (y-3)2 =(6i)2 ;
x=6-y; x=6-y; y =3+6i; y2 =3-6i;
{ { { 1
y-3=±6i; y=3±6i; x1 =6-y=6-3-6i=3-6i; x2 =3+6i;
379.1) i3+i13+i23+i33+i43+i53=i3(1+i10+i20+i30+i40+i50)=
=-i(1+i10+(i2)10+(i3)10+(i4)10+(i5)10)=-i(1+i10+(-1)10+(-i)10+110+i10)=
=-i(1+i10+1+i10+1+i10)=-i(1-1+1-1+1-1)=-i·0=0;
2)i·i2·i3·i4·...·i100= i1+2+3...+100=i5050=i4·1252+2=i2=-1;
1 1
3) 2 = =-1;
i -1
2x-3y=1 2x=1+3y x=0,5+1,5y x=0,5+1,5y; y = 2 ; y =-1;
380. { { { { 2 { 1 3 2
xy=1 xy=1 (0,5+1,5y)y-1=0 3y +y-2=0; x1 =1,5;x2 =-1
381.1) 1+i; 2) -2+3i;

382.1)M1(a;-b); 2) M2(-a;b); 3)M3(-a;-b);

383.

384.1) M1(1;-1); 2) M2(-3;2); 3)M3(-6;0); 4)M4(0;-4);

385.

64
386.1)(1+5i)+(5+i)=6+6i; 2)2i+(-1-2i)=-1;
3) (-4+3i)+2=-2+3i;

2 √2 2 √2
389.1) 2+2i; r=√22 +22 =√4+4=√4∙2=2√2 ; cos φ= = ; sin φ = = ;
2√2 2 2√2 2
π π π
φ= ; 2+2i;= 2√2( cos +i sin );
4 4 4
6 √2 -6 √2
2) 6-6i; r=√62 +62 =√36+36=√36∙2=6√2 ; cos φ= = ; sin φ = =- ;
6√2 2 6√2 2
7π 7π 7π
φ= ; 6-6i;= 2√2( cos -i sin );
4 4 4
25 0
3) 25; r= r=√252 +02 =√625+0=√625=25; cos φ= =1; sin φ = =0;
25 25
φ=0; 25= 25( cos 0-i sin0);
-4 0
4) -4; r= r=√(-4)2 +02 =√16+0=√16=4; cos φ= =-1; sin φ = =0;
4 4
φ=π; 25= 25( cos π-i sin π);
0 3
5) 3i; r= r=√02 +32 =√0+9=√9=3; cos φ= =0; sin φ = =1;
3 3
π π π
φ= ; 3i= 3( cos -i·sin );
2 2 2

2
390.1)z=1+√3i; r=√12 +√3 =√1+3=√4=2; cos φ= ; sin φ=
1 √3 π π
; φ= ; jogaby;2 we
2 2 3 3
2 2 1 2√3 √3 π
2)z=2+2√3i; r=√22 +(2√3) =√4+12=√16=4; cos φ= = ; sin φ= = ; φ= ;
4 2 4 2 3
2 2
1 √3 1 √3 1 3 4
3) z= - i; r=√( ) +(- ) =√ + =√ =√1=1;
2 2 2 2 4 4 4
1 √3
2 1 -2 -√3 5π
cos φ= = ; sin φ= = ; φ= ;
1 2 1 2 3
2 -1
4) z=-1+√3i; r=√12 +√3 =√1+3=√4=2; cos φ= ; sin φ=
√3 2π
; φ= ;
2 2 3
2 2
1 √3 1 √3 1 3 4
6) z=− - i; r=√(- ) +(- ) =√ + =√ =√1=1;
2 2 2 2 4 4 4
1 √3
−2 1 -2 -√3 4π
cos φ= =- ; sin φ= = ; φ= ;
1 2 1 2 3

2 2 -√2 √2 3π
391.1)z=-√2+√2i; r=√(-√2) +(√2) =√2+2=√4=2; cos φ= ; sin φ= ; φ= ;
2 2 4
65
 2 √3 1 11π
2) z= √3-i; r=√(√3) +( − 1)2 =√3+1=√4=2; cos φ= ; sin φ=- ; φ= ;
2 2 6
2 -1 −√3
3) z=-1-√3i; r=√12 +√3 =√1+3=√4=2; cos φ= ; sin φ=
7π
; φ= ;
2 2 6
0 5 π
4) 5i; r= r=√02 +52 =√0+25=√25=5; cos φ= =0; sin φ = =1; φ= ;
5 5 2
0 -2 3π
5) -2i; r= r=√02 +22 =√0+4=√4=2; cos φ= =0; sin φ = =-1; φ= ;
2 2 2
0 1 π
6) i; r=√02 +12 =√0+1=√1=1; cos φ= =0; sin φ = =1; φ= ;
1 1 2
2 0
7) 2; r=√22 +02 =√4+0=√4=2; cos φ= =1; sin φ = =0; φ=0;
2 2
-3 0
8) -3; r=√32 +02 =√9+0=√9=3; cos φ= =-1; sin φ = =0; φ=π;
3 3
6 0
9) 6; r=√62 +02 =√36+0=√36=6; cos φ= =1; sin φ = =0; φ=0;
6 6

π π √3 1
392.1) z=4(cos +i∙ sin )=4·( +i∙ ) =2(√3+i);
6 6 2 2
2π 2π 1 √3
2) z=40√3 (cos +i∙ sin ) =40√3 (- +i∙ ) =-20√3+i∙60;
3 3 2 2
√2 √2
3) z=5√2( cos 3150 +i∙ sin 3152 )=5√2 ( -i∙ 2 ) =5-5i;
2
π π √2 √2
4) z=√2 (cos +i∙ sin )= √2·( +i∙ ) =(1+i);
4 4 2 2
5) z=2(cos 0+i∙ sin 0)=2(1+i∙0)=2;
6) z=7(cos π+i∙ sin π)=7(-1+i∙0)=-7;

π π π √2 √2
393. 1) r=1; φ= ; z=1(cos +i·sin )= +i∙ ;
4 4 4 2 2

2) r≤3; z≤3(cos 0+i·sin 0)=3;

3) r<3;

4) 2<r<3;

3π
5) 0<φ<
4

π
6) 1<r<2; 0≤φ≤ ;
6

395. 1) 1+cos α+i·sin α;

66
 r=√(1+ cos α)2 +sin2 α =√1+2 cos α+cos2 α+sin2 α =√2+2 cos α =√2(√1+cosα;
√2√1+ cos α
1+ cos α
cos φ= =;
√2√1+ cos α 2
sin α √1-cos2 α √(1- cos α)(1+ cos α) √2√(1- cos α)
sin φ= = = = ;
√2√1+ cos α √2√1+ cos α √2√1+ cos α 2
√2√1+ cos α √2√(1- cos α)
1+cos α+i·sin α=√2(√1+cosα( +i∙ );
2 2
2) 2(cos 200-i·sin 200); r=2;

396.1)5(cos 400+i·sin 400)·3(cos 400+i·sin 400)=5·3(cos (400+500)+i·sin (400+500)=

=15(cos 900+i·sin 900)=15(0+i·1)=15·i;
2) 2(cos200+i·sin200)·7(cos1000+i·sin1000)=14(cos 1200+i·sin 1200=
1 √3
=14(- +i∙ )=-7+7√3i;
2 2
π π 7π 7π π 7π π 7π
3) 4(cos +i·sin )·6(cos +i·sin )=24(cos ( + )+i·sin ( + )=
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
=24(cos π+i·sin π);
8π 8π 2π 2π 4π 4π
4) 7(cos +i·sin )·3(cos +i·sin )·2(cos +i·sin )=
15 15 3 3 5 5
8π 10π 8π 10π 4π 4π
=24(cos ( + )+i·sin ( + )) ·2(cos +i·sin )=
15 15 15 15 5 5
4π 4π 4π 4π
=24(cos π+i·sin π) ·2(cos +i·sin )=24·2(cos (π+ )+i·sin (π+ ))=
5 5 5 5
4π 4π 4π 4π
=48(-cos -i·sin )=-48(cos +i·sin );
5 5 5 5

cos 1300 +i∙ sin 1300 ( cos 1300 +i∙ sin 1300 )( cos 400 -i∙ sin 400 ) cos 1700 +i∙ sin 1700
397.1) = = =
cos 400 +i∙ sin 400 (cos 400 +i∙ sin 400 )( cos 400 -i∙ sin 400 ) cos2 400 +sin2 400
=cos 1700+i·sin 1700=cos (900+800)+i·sin (900+800)=-cos 800-i·sin 800;
cos 1300 -i∙ sin 1300 ( cos 1300 +i∙ sin (-1300 )( cos 400 -i∙ sin 400 ) cos 900 +i∙ sin 900
2) = = =
cos 400 +i∙ sin 400 (cos 400 +i∙ sin 400 )( cos 400 -i∙ sin 400 ) cos2 400 +sin2 400
=cos 900-i·sin 900=-i;

398.1) (a+bi)·i=-b+ai; r= √(-b)2 +a2 =√a2 +b2 -üýtgemez;

-b 3π 3π
cos φ= 2
= sin ( +φ) ; - burça üýtgär;
√a2 +b 2 2

2) (a+bi)·(-i)=b-ai; r= √(-b)2 +a2 =√a2 +b2 -üýtgemez;

b π π
cos φ= 2
= sin ( +φ) ; - burça üýtgär;
√a2 +b 2 2

67
 3) (a+bi)·2i=2(-b+ai); r= 2√(-b)2 +a2 =2√a2 +b2 -2 esse üýtär;
-2b -b 3π 3π
cos φ= 2
= 2
=sin ( +φ) ; - burça üýtgär;
2√a2 +b √a2 +b 2 2

100
√3 1 π π 100π 100π 50π 50π
399. 1) ( - ) =( cos -i∙ sin )100 = cos -i∙ sin =cos -i∙ sin =
2 2 6 6 6 6 3 3
2π 2π 2π 2π 1 √3 1
=cos (16π+ )-i·sin (16π+ )=cos -i·sin =- + = (√3-1);
3 3 3 3 2 2 2
√3 1 50 π π 50π 50π
2) (√3+i)50 =250 ( + i) =250 (cos +i∙ sin )50 =250 (cos +i∙ sin )=
2 2 6 6 6 6
25π 25π π π 1 √3
= 250 (cos 50
+i∙ sin 50 49
)= 2 cos +i·sin = 2 ( + i)=2 (√3+i);
3 3 3 3 2 2
8
1 1 8 √2 √2 π π 8π 8π
3)( +i ) = ( + i) =( cos +i∙ sin )8 = cos +i∙ sin =cos 2π+i sin 2π=1-0i;
√2 √2 2 2 4 4 4 4

400.1) (a+bi)·4=4a+4bi; r= √(4a)2 +(4b)2 =4√a2 +b2 - 4 esse ulalar;

4a a
cos φ= 2
= ; üýtgemez;
4√a2 +b √a2 +b2

2) (a+bi)·(-3i)=3b-3ai; r= √(3b)2 +(3a)2 =3√a2 +b2 -3 esse artar;

3b b π π
cos φ= 2
= 2
=sin ( +φ) ; - burça üýtgär;
3√a2 +b √a2 +b 2 2

3) (a+bi)·(-5)=-5(a+bi); r= √(-5a)2 +(-5b)2 =5√a2 +b2 - 4 esse ulalar;

-5a a
cos φ= 2
=- ; garşylykly baha üýtgär;
5√a2 +b √a2 +b2
401.1) z1=0,5(cos 750+i·sin 750); z2=6(cos 350+i·sin 350);
Z1·z2=0,5(cos 750+i·sin 750)·6(cos 350+i·sin 350)=3(cos 1100+i·sin 1100)=
=3(sin 200-i·cos 200);
z1 0,5(cos 750 +i·sin 750 ) (cos 750 +i·sin 750 )∙(cos 350 -i·sin 350 ) cos 1100 +i·sin 1100
= = = =
z2 6(cos 350 +i·sin 350 ) 12(cos 350 +i·sin 350 )∙(cos 350 -i·sin 350 ) 12(cos2 350 +sin2 350 )
cos 200 -i·sin 200
= ;
12
π π π π
2) z1=√3 (cos +i·sin ); z2=√2 (cos +i·sin );
6 6 3 3
π π π π π π
z1·z2=√3 (cos +i·sin )· √2 (cos +i·sin )= √6 (cos +i·sin )= √6 i·1=√6 i;
6 6 3 3 2 2
π π π π π π π π
z1 √3 (cos +i·sin ) √3 (cos 6+i·sin 6)∙ (cos 3-i·sin 3) √6 (cos 2-i·sin 2) -√6 i
= 6
π
6
π = π π π π = π π = ;
z2 √2 (cos 3
+i·sin 3
) √2 (cos 3
+i·sin 3)∙ (cos 3-i·sin 3) 2(cos2 2+sin2 2) 2

68
 2 3
3 2 3
402.1) √3; r=√( √3) +02 =√ √3 = √3;
3 3 √3
cos φ= 3 =1; φ=0;
√3
3 3 φ+2∙2π φ+2∙2∙π 3 0+4π 0+4π
√3= √3( cos 3
+i∙ sin
3
)= √3( cos
3
+i∙ sin
3
)=
3 4π 4π 3 1 √3
= √3( cos +i∙ sin )= √3(- -i );
3 3 2 2
4 π π 0 π
= √(i2 )4 =-i; 0-i= cos -i∙ sin ; r=√02 +(-1)2 =√1=1; cos φ= =0; φ= ;
4
2) √-1 2 2 1 2
φ+2(n-1)π φ+2(n-1)π
an= cos -i sin ;
n n
π π π π
2 2 π π 2
+2π 2
+2π 5π 5π
a1= cos -i sin =cos -i sin ; a2= cos -i sin = cos -i sin ;
4 4 8 8 4 4 8 8
π π π π
2
+2∙2π 2
+2∙2π 2
+4π 2
+4π 9π 9π
a3= cos -i sin = cos -i sin =cos -i sin ;
4 4 4 4 8 8
π π π π
+2∙3π +2∙3π +6π +6π 13π 13π
a4= cos 2 -i sin 2 = cos 2 -i sin 2 =cos -i sin ;
4 4 4 4 8 8

3)√cos 1000 +i sin 1000 =cos 1000 +i sin 100 ; 0

5
5 5 √a φ+2(n-1)π φ+2(n-1)π
403.1) x =a; x= √a; r= √a; cos φ= 5 =1; φ=0; an= cos
5
-i sin )=
√a n n
5 0 0 5 0+2π 0+2π 5 2π 2π
a0= √a·(cos +i sin ); a1= √a(cos +i sin )= √a(cos +i sin );
5 5 5 5 5 5
5 0+4π 0+4π 5 4π 4π
a2= √a(cos +i sin )= √a(cos +i sin );
5 5 5 5
5 0+6π 0+6π 5 6π 6π
a3= √a(cos +i sin )= √a(cos +i sin );
5 5 5 5
5 0+8π 0+8π 5 8π 8π
a4= √a(cos +i sin )= √a(cos +i sin );
5 5 5 5
5 0+10π 0+10π 5 10π 10π 5
a5= √a(cos +i sin )= √a(cos +i sin )= √a(cos 2π+i sin 2π);
5 5 5 5

5 2π 2π
𝑎1 √a(cos 5 +i sin 5 );
404.d= = 5 0 0 =2π;
𝑎0 √a·(cos 5+i sin5)

4 0 π
405.1) √1= √i4 =i; r=1; cos φ= =0; φ= ;
4
1 2
φ+2(n-1)π φ+2(n-1)π
an= cos +i sin ;
n n
π π π π
2 2 π π 2
+2π 2
+2π 5π 5π
a1= cos +i sin =cos +i sin ; a2= cos +i sin = cos +i sin ;
4 4 8 8 4 4 8 8
π π π π
2
+2∙2π 2
+2∙2π 2
+4π 2
+4π 9π 9π
a3= cos +i sin = cos +i sin =cos +i sin ;
4 4 4 4 8 8
π π π π
2
+2∙3π 2
+2∙3π 2
+6π 2
+6π 13π 13π
a4= cos +i sin = cos +i sin =cos +i sin ;
4 4 4 4 8 8
69
 1 1 7π
2) √1+i; r=√12 +12 =√2; cos φ= ; sin φ=- ; φ= ;
3
4 √2 √2
3 3 7π 7π 7π 7π
√1+i = √√2( cos 4
+i sin
4
)=√2( cos
4
+i sin
4
);
406.x4+1=0; x4+2x2+1-2x2=(x2+1)2-(√2x)2=(x2+√2x+1)(x2-√2x+1)=0;
-√2±√-2 -√2±i√2 -√2+i√-2 -√2-i√-2
x2+√2x+1=0; D=2-4=-2; x= = ; x1 = ; x2 = ;
2 2 2 2
√2±√-2 √2±i√2 √2+i√-2 √2-i√-2
we x2-√2x+1=0; D=2-4=-2; x= = ; x3 = ; x4 = ;
2 2 2 2

407.1)3x3=81; x3=27; x3-27=0; (x-3)(x2+3x+9)=0; x-3=0; x1=3; we x2+3x+9=0;

-3±√-27 -3±3i√3 -3+3i√3 -3-3i√3
D=32-4·1·9=9-36=-27; x= = ; x 2= ; x3= ;
2 2 2 2

2) x3=-27; x3+27=0; (x+3)(x2-3x+9)=0; x+3=0; x1=-3; we x2-3x+9=0;

3±√-27 3±3i√3 3+3i√3 3-3i√3
D=32-4·1·9=9-36=-27; x= = ; x2= ; x3= ;
2 2 2 2
3)3x3=24; x3=8; x3-8=0; (x-2)(x2+2x+4)=0; x-2=0; x1=2; we x2+2x+4=0;
-2±√-4 -2±2i
D=22-4·1·2=4-8=-4; x= = =-1±i; x2==-1+i; x3==-1-i;
2 2
1
4) -4x3= ; x3=-2; x3+2=0; (x+√2)(x2-√2x+2)=0; x+√2=0; x1=-√2; we
2
2±√-6 2±i√6 2+i√6 2-i√6
x2-√2x+2=0; D=√22-4·1·2=2-8=-6; x= = ; x 2= ; x 3= ;
2 2 2 2
408. x3=64; x3-43=(x-4)(x2+4x+16); x-4=0; x1=4;
x2+4x+16=0; D=42-4*16=16-4*16=-3*16
-4+√-3*16 -4+4i√3
x2= = =-2+2i√3 ; x3=-2+2i√3
2 2

x1+ x2+ x3+ x4= 4-2+2i√3-2-2i√3=0

409. 1)x4=81; x4-81=0; (x2 -9)(x2+9)=0; (x-3)(x+3)(x-3i) (x+3i)=0
x-3=0; x1=3; x+3=0; x2=-3; x-3i=0; x3=3i; x+3i=0; x4=-3i;
2) x4=-81; x4+81=0; x4+2∙9x2+81-2∙9x2=(x2+9)2-18x2=0;
(x2-3√2x+9)( x2+3√2x+9)=0; x2-3√2x+9=0; D=18-4∙9=18-36=-18;
3√2+i∙3√2 3√2-i∙3√2
x1= ; x2= ; x2+3√2x+9=0; D=18-4∙9=18-36=-18;
2 2
-3√2+i∙3√2 -3√2-i∙3√2
x3= ; x4= ;
2 2

70
 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5
3) 3x4=5; x4= ; x4- =0 ;(x2 -√ )(x2+√ )=0; (x-√ )(x+√ )(x-√ i) (x+√ i)=0
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5
x-√ =0; x1=√ ; x+√ =0; x2=-√ ; x-√ i=0; x3=√ i; x+√ i=0; x4=-√ i;
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

410. x4=-7; x4+7=0; x4+2∙√7x2+7-2∙√7x2=(x2+√7)2-√28x2=0;

4 4 4 4
(x2- √28x+√7)( x2+ √28x+√7)=0; x2- √28x+√7=0; D= √282-4∙√7=√28-4√7;
4 4
√28+i∙√√28-4√7 √28-i∙√√28-4√7
x1= ; x2= ;
2 2
4 4
x2+ √28x+√7=0; D= √282-4∙√7=√28-4√7;
4 4
− √28+i∙√√28-4√7 − √28-i∙√√28-4√7
x3= ; x4= ;
2 2
4 4 4 4
√28+i∙√√28-4√7 √28-i∙√√28-4√7 - √28+i∙√√28-4√7 - √28+i∙√√28-4√7
x1∙ x2∙ x3∙ x4=( )( )( )( )=
2 2 2 2
2 2
√28+√28+4√7 √28-√28-4√7 28-28-16∙7 -16∙7
=( )( )= = =-7;
4 4 16 16

3
411.1) x3=3; x3- √33 =(x- √3)(x2+ √3x+ √9);
3 3 3 3 3
x- √3=0; x1= √3;
3 3 3 3 3
x2+ √3x+ √9=0; D= √32-4* √9=-3* √9
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
- √3+√-3* √9 - √3+i√3* √9 - √3-√-3* √9 - √3-i√3* √9
x2= = ; x3= = ;
2 2 2 2
3
2) x3=-5; x3+ √53 =(x+ √5)(x2- √5x+ √25);
3 3 3 3 3
x+ √5=0; x1=- √5;
3 3 3 3 3
x2- √5x+ √25=0; D= √52-4* √25=-3* √25
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
√5+√-3* √25 √5+i√3* √25 √5-√-3* √25 √3-i√3* √25
x2= = ; x3= = ;
2 2 2 2
4 4 4 4
3)x4=2; x4-(√2)2=(x2-√2)(x2-√2)=(x-√2)( x+√2)( x-i√2)( x+i√2)=0;
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
x-√2=0; x1=√2; x+√2=0; x2=-√2; x-i√2=0; x3=i√2; x+i√2=0; x4=-i√2;
4) x4=-3; x4+3=0; x4+2∙√3x2+7-2∙√3x2=(x2+√3)2-√12x2=0;
4 4 4 4
(x2-√12x+√3)( x2+√12x+√3)=0; x2-√12x+√3=0; D=√122-4∙√3=√12-4√3;
71
 4 4
√12+i∙√√12-4√3 √12-i∙√√12-4√3
x1= ; x2= ;
2 2
4 4
x2+√12x+√3=0; D=√122-4∙√3=√12-4√3;
4 4
− √12+i∙√√12-4√3 − √12-i∙√√12-4√3
x3= ; x4= ;
2 2

412. x4=4; x4-(4)2=(x2-2)(x2+2)=(x-√2)( x+√2)( x-i√2)( x+i√2)=0;

x-√2=0; x1=√2; x+√2=0; x2=-√2; x-i√2=0; x3=i√2; x+i√2=0; x4=-i√2;
x1+ x2+ x3+ x4= √2-√2+i√2-i√2=0;
413.1) (4-3i)+(-2+i)=(4-2)+(-3i+i)=2-2i;
2)(5+6i)+7-6i=12;
3) (-0,7+0,3i)+(0,9-1,7i)=0,3-1,4i;
4)(-0,4-2,1i)+(0,6+3i)=0,2+0,9i;
2 3 1 1 3 3 5 3
5) ( - i)+(- + i)=-3+3i+ i+ =-2 +3 i
3 4 2 2 8 8 8 8

6) (2+3i)(6-5i)=12+8i+15=27+8i;
7) (-3+2i)·2+(7-5i)·3=-6+4i+21-15i=15-11i;
8) (0,2-0,3i)(0,4+0,5i)=0,08+0,1i-0,12i+0,15=0,24-0,2i;
1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 6 1
9) ( + i)+( - i)= - i+ i+ = - i;
2 5 3 3 3 6 15 15 15 30

10) (2-3i)2=4-12i+9=13-12i;
11) (-1+i)2=1-2i-1=-2i;
12) 3+i+(-2+5i)(-1-2i)=3+i+2+4i-5i+10=15+5i;
13) (3-2i)(1+4i)+(-6-i)=3+10i+4-6-i=1+9i;
14) (4-5i)(-2+3i)+(1+2i)(-3+4i)=-8+12i+10i+15-3-2i-8=-1+20i;
15) (-7-i)-(2-3i)=-9+2i;
16) (5+i)(15-3i)=75+9=84;
3-2i 3 2
17) = -i ;
5 5 5

2 2
2 - =3 y=-
414.1) - +xi=3; { y { 3
y
x=0 x=0
72
 2)x2-3(x+1)x+(1-i)y=3-y; x2-3x2-3x+y-iy-3+y=0; -2x2-3x+y-iy=3;
3 √15 3 √15
-2x2 -3x+y=3 2x2 +3x+3=0 x1 =- + i; x1 =- - i;
{ { { 4 4 4 4
-y=0; y=0; y=0
x+2y=3 3x=3; x=1
3) (1+i)x+(1-i)y=3-y; (1+i)x+(2-i)y=3; x+ix+2y-iy=3; { {
x-y=0 y=x; y=1;
2x+y=5; 3y=3 y=1
4) (2-i)x+(1+i)y=5-i; 2x-ix+y+iy=5-i; { { {
-x+y=-1; 3x=6 x=2
x+3y=1 x=1-3y;
5) (1+2i)x+(3-5i)y=1-3i; x+2ix+3y-5iy=1-3i; { {
2x-5y=-3 2(1-3y)-5y+3=0;
5 8-15 7
x=1-3y; x=1-3y; x=1-3∙ 8 = 8
=-
8
{ { 5
8y=5; y= ;
8
2
x+ y=4 3x+2y=12 6x+4y=24
3 6x+4y=24;
6) (x+3yi)+( y+2xi)=4+8i;{ 3 { { {
2
3y+2x=8 2x+3y=8 6x+9y=24 5y=0; y=0;x=4;
1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1
- + =- - = =
i i 1 1 1 5i i 4i 1 1 1 x y 6 x y 6 y 6 y=18;
7) + + = - + ; - - + =- ; { 1 4 {1 4 {3 4 {
x y 6 x y y x y x y 6
- =0; - =0; = x=4,5
x y x y x 6
x+y=1 x1 =1; x2 =0
8)x+y+ixy=1; { {y =0; y =1
xy=0 1 2

9m2 +4n2 (3m+2·i·n)(3m-2·i·n)

415.1) = =3m+2·i·n;
3m-2·i·n 3m-2·i·n
x+1 (√x+i)(√x-i)
2) = =√x-i;
√x+i √x+i
a+b (√a+i∙b)(√a-i∙b)
3) = =√a-i∙b;
√a+i∙b √a+i∙b

1 1+i 1+i 1+i 5 5(1-2i) 5(1-2i) 5(1-2i)

416.1) = = = ; 2) = = = = 1-2i;
1-i (1-i)(1+i) 1+1 2 1+2i (1+2i)(1-2i) 1+4 5
2+i (2+i)2 4+4i-1 3+4i 3i 3i(1-i) 3i+3 3+i3
3) = = = ; 4) = = = ;
2-i (2-i)(2+i) 4+1 5 1+i (1-i)(1+i) 1+1 2
(1-2i)(2+i) (1-2i)(2+i)(3+2i) (4-3i)(3+2i) 12-i+6 18-i
5) = = = = ;
3-2i (3-2i)(3+2i) 9+4 13 13
4+3i 5-4i (4+3i)(3+4i) (5-4i)(4-5i) 12+25i-12 20-41i-20 25i -41i
6) - = - = - = - =i+i=2i;
3-4i 4+5i (3-4i)(3+4i) (4+5i)(4-5i) 9+16 16+25 25 41
m√n-i∙n√m (m√n-i∙n√m)(n√m-i∙m√n) √mn(√m-i√n)√mn(√n-i√m)
7) = = =
n√m+i∙m√n (n√m+i∙m√n)(n√m-i∙m√n) n2 m+m2 n
mn(√mn-i∙m-i∙n-√mn -i(m+n)
= = =-i;
nm(n+m) m+n
1+i 2-i (1+i)(2+i) (2-i)(3-i) 1−1+3𝑖 6-1-5i 3i 5-5i 6i+5-5i 5+i
8) + = + = + = + = = ;
2-i 3+i (2-i)(2+i) (3+i)(3-i) 4+1 9+1 5 10 10 10

73
 4 2 16 16 8 8(1-i√3) 8(1-i√3) 8(1-i√3)
9) (- ) = = = = = = =-1+i√3;
√3+i 3+2√3i-1 2+2√3i 1+i√3 (1+i√3)(1-i√3) 1-9 -8

2+5i (2+5i)2 2+20i-25 -23+20i

417.1) (2-5i)z=2+5i; z= = = = ;
2-5i (2-5i)(2+5i) 4+25 29
2-5i (2-5i)2 2-20i-25 -23-20i
2) (2+5i)z=2-5i; z= = = = ;
2+5i (2+5i)(2-5i) 4+25 29

418.1) x25-8x14+5x4-4x2-10= i25-8i14+5i4-4i2-10=i4·6+1-8i3·4+2+5·1-4(-1)-10=

=i-8·(-1)+5+4-10=i+8-1=7+i;
2) x3+x2+x+1=(1+i)3+(1+i)2+1+i+1=1+3i-3-i+1+2i-1+2+i=1+5i;

419.1) x2=-16; x2+16=0; x4+2∙4x2+16-2∙4x2=(x2+4)2-8x2=0;

(x2-2√2x+4)( x2+2√2x+4)=0; x2-2√2x+4=0; D=8-4∙4=8-16=-8;
2√2+i∙2√2 2√2-i∙2√2
x1= =√2+i∙√2; x2= =√2+i∙√2;
2 2

x2+2√2x+4=0; D=8-4∙4=8-16=-8;
-2√2+i∙2√2 -2√2-i∙2√2
x3= = −√2+i∙√2; x 4= = −√2+i∙√2;
2 2

2) x2=-2; x2+2=0; x4+2∙√2x2+√22-2∙√2x2=(x2+√2)2-√8x2=0;

4 4 4
(x2- √8x+√2)( x2+ √8x+√2)=0; x2- √8x+√2=0; D=√8-4∙√2=2√2-4√2=-2√2;
4 4 4 4
√8+i∙ √8 √8-i∙ √8
x1= ; x2= ;
2 2
4
x2+ √8x+√2=0; D=√8-4∙√2=2√2-4√2=-2√2;
4 4 4 4
- √8+i∙ √8 - √8-i∙ √8
x3= ; x4= ;
2 2

420.1) x2-2x+5=0; D=22-4·5=4-20=-16;

2±√-16 2±i4
x1;2 = = =1±2∙i; x1 =1+2∙i; x2 =1-2∙i;
2 2

2) 3x2+4x+3=0; D=42-4·3·3=16-32=-16;
-4±√-16 -4±i4 -2±2∙i -2+2∙i -2-2∙i
x1;2 = = = ; x1 = ; x2 = ;
2·3 6 3 3 3

74
 3) x2-8x+20=0; D=82-4·20=64-80=-16;
8±√-16 8±i4
x1;2 = = =4±2∙i; x1 =4+2∙i; x2 =4-2∙i;
2 2

4) 5x2-4x+8=0; D=42-4·5·8=16-160=-144;
4±√-144 4±i12 2±6∙i 2+6∙i 2-6∙i
x1;2 = = = ; x1 = ; x2 = ;
2·5 10 5 5 5

421.1) x1=3+2i; x2=3-3i; (x-3-2i)(x-3+2i)=0; x2+(-3-2i-3+2i)x+(-3-2i)(-3+2i)=0;

x2-6x+9+4=0; x2-6x+13=0;
2) x1=-1+4i; x2=-1-4i; (x+1-4i)(x+1+4i)=0; x2+(1-4i+1+4i)x+(1-4i)(1-4i)=0;
x2+2x+1+16=0; x2+2x+17=0;
422.1) (x-2+i) (x-2-i)=0; x2-(2-i+2+i)x+(-2+i)(-2-i)=0; x2-4x+4+1=0; x2-4x+5=0;
1 1 1 1 1 1
2) (x+1+i· ) (x+1-i· )=0; x2-(1+i· +1-i· )x+(1+i· )( 1-i· )=0;
2 2 2 2 2 2
1
x2+2x+1+ =0; 4x2+8x+5=0;
4

423.1) 3; r=√32 +02 =√9=3; 2) i; r=√02 +12 =√1=1; 3) -5i; r=√02 +(-5)2 =√25=5;

4) -2; r=√(-2)2 +02 =√4=2; 5) 1+i; r=√12 +12 =√2; 6) 3-4i; r=√32 +42 =√25=5;

2 2
7) -√3+i; r=√(-√3) +12 =√4=2; 8) -√2-i√2; r=√(-√2) +(-√2)2 =√2+2=√4=2;

424.1) 0 we 4; d=|0|+|4|=0+4=4; 2) 5 we -2; d= |5|+|-2|=5+2=7;

3) 3 we 4i ; d=√32 +42 =√25=5; 4) -7 we i; d=√(-7)2 +12 =√50=5√2;
5) 5i we -3i; d=|5|+|-3|=5+3=8; 6) 0 we 1-i; d=√|0+1|+|0-1|=√1+1=√2;

7) 1+i; we 2+3i; d= √(1-2)2 +(1-3)2 =√1+4=√5;

8) 3-2i; we 1+4i; d= √(3-1)2 +(-2-4)2 =√4+36=√40=2√10;

425.1) 2 (cos 1300+i·sin 1300)·4(cos 1400+i·sin 1400)=2·4(cos 2700+i·sin 2700)=

=8(0-i)=-8i;
π π π π π π 1 √3
2) 3 (cos +i·sin )·√3(cos +i·sin )=3·√3 (cos +i·sin )=3·√3 ( +i );
4 4 12 12 3 3 2 2

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 5π 5π -π -π 3π 3π √2 √2
3) (cos +i·sin )·√2(cos +i·sin )=√3 (cos +i·sin )=√3 (- +i );
6 6 12 12 4 4 2 2
4) 5(cos 120 +i·sin 120 )(cos 80 +i·sin 80 )=5(cos 200 +i·sin 200 )=
0 0 0 0 0 0

=5(cos 200-isin 200);

6(cos 400 +i·sin 400 ) 3(cos 400 +i·sin 400 )∙(cos 500 +i·sin 500 ) 3(cos 900 +i·sin 900
6) = = =3i;
2(cos (-500 +i·sin (-500 ) (cos 500 -i·sin 500 )∙(cos 500 +i·sin 500 ) (cos2 500 +sin2 500 )

(cos φ+i·sin φ) (cos φ+i·sin φ)∙(cos φ+i·sin φ) cos2 φ+2∙i·sin φ∙cos φ-sin2 φ
426.1) = = =cos 2φ+i·sin 2φ;
(cos φ-i·sin φ (cos φ-i·sin φ)∙(cos φ+i·sin φ) cos2 φ+sin2 φ
(cos φ+i·sin φ) (cos φ+i·sin φ)∙(cos β+i·sin β) cos (φ+β)+i∙sin (φ+β)
2) = = =cos (φ+β)+i∙sin (φ+β);
(cos β-i·sin β (cos β-i·sin β)∙(cos β+i·sin β) cos2 β+sin2 β
(1-i√3)(cos φ+i·sin φ) (1-i√3)(cos φ+i·sin φ)(1+i)(cos φ+i·sin φ)
3) = =
2(1-i)(cos φ-i·sin φ) 2(1-i)(cos φ-i·sin φ)(1+i)(cos φ+i·sin φ)
(1-i(√3-1)+√3)( cos 2φ+i∙sin 2φ) (1-i(√3-1)+√3)( cos 2φ+i∙sin 2φ)
= = ;
2(1+1)(cos2 φ+sin2 φ) 4
427.1) cos 2φ=cos2φ-sin2φ; (cos φ+i·sin φ)2=cos 2φ+i·sin 2φ;
cos2φ+2i·sin φ·cos φ-sin2φ= cos 2φ+i·sin 2φ;
cos2φ+i·sin 2φ-sin2φ= cos 2φ+i·sin 2φ;
cos2φ-sin2φ= cos 2φ;
2) cos 3φ=4cos 3φ-3cos φ;
(cos φ+i·sin φ)3=cos 3φ+i·sin 3φ;
cos3φ+3icos2φsin φ-3cos φsin φ-i·sin3φ= cos 3φ+i·sin φcos 2φ+icos φsin 2φ;
cos3 φ= cos 3φ+i·sin φcos 2φ+icos φsin 2φ-3icos2φsin φ+3cos φsin φ+i·sin3φ;
cos 3φ=4cos 3φ-3cos φ;

7π 7π 7π 7π 7π 7π
428.1) (6(cos +i·sin ))4=1296(cos 4∙ +i·sin 4∙ )=1296(cos +i·sin )=
8 8 8 8 2 2
3π 3π 3π 3π
=1296(cos (2π+ )+i· sin (2π+ ))=1296(cos +i·sin )=1296(0-i·1)=-1296i;
2 2 2 2
2)(2(cos 20 +i·sin 20 )) =2 (cos 12·20 +i·sin 12·20 )=
0 0 12 12 0 0

1 √3
=212(cos 2400+i·sin 2400)= 212(- -i· )= -211(1+i·√3);
2 2
√3 1 100 5π 5π 5π 5π 250π 250π
3)( - i) =(cos +i·sin )100= cos 100∙ +i·sin 100∙ = cos +i·sin =
2 2 6 6 6 6 3 3
4π 4π 4π 4π 1 √3
=cos (82π+ )+i· sin (82π+ )=cos +i·sin =- -i ;
3 3 3 3 2 2
√3 1 50 50 5π 5π 5π 5π
4) (√3+i)50=250( - i) =2 (cos +i·sin )50=250(cos 50∙ +i·sin 50∙ )=
2 2 6 6 6 6
125π 125π 5π 5π
=250(cos +i·sin 50
)= 2 (cos (40π+ )+i· sin (40π+ ))=
3 3 3 3
5π 5π 1 √3
=250(cos +i·sin )=250( -i );
3 3 2 2

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