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VITRIA DA CONQUISTA
2016
1 FUNDAMENTAO TERICA
Os estudos de fluxo de carga so de grande importncia para o
planejamento da expanso dos sistemas de potncia como tambm na
determinao da melhor operao de sistemas existentes. A principal
informao obtida do estudo de fluxo de carga o mdulo e o ngulo de fase
da tenso em cada barra e as potncias ativa e reativa que circulam em cada
linha. Entretanto, outras informaes adicionais valiosas so fornecidas pela
listagem da soluo obtida dos programas de computador, os quais so usados
pelas empresas de sistemas de potncia.
1.1 DADOS PARA ESTUDOS DE FLUXO DE POTNCIA
Tanto as admitncias prprias e mtuas da barra, que compem a matriz
de admitncia de
Y barra
ou
Z barra
P2
Q2
so as
(1)
I2 =
P2 jQ 2
V 2
(2)
V 2
resolvendo para
V 2=
V2
obtm-se:
1 P2 j Q 2
( Y 21 x V 1 +Y 23 x V 3 +Y 24 x V 4 )
Y 22
V 2
(4)
fixados para
Q2
V2
V 2
V2
no coincidiro. Porm,
em
V 2 na equao (4)
com um bom grau de acurcia aps vrias iteraes e se ter o valor corrigido
para
V2
V 2 para as
V2
medida que a tenso corrigida for encontrada para cada barra, ele
ser usada no clculo da tenso corrigida da barra seguinte. O processo
repetido para cada barra, consecutivamente, atravs do sistema (exceto para a
barra de oscilao) para completar a primeira iterao. Ento, o processo
inteiro repetido vrias vezes at que a magnitude da correo na tenso em
cada barra seja menor do que uma preciso previamente determinada.
Este processo de resolver equaes algbricas lineares conhecido por
Mtodo iterativo de Gauss-Seidel. Se o mesmo conjunto de valores de tenso
for usado durante uma iterao completa (em vez de substituir imediatamente
cada valor novo obtido para calcular a tenso na prxima barra), o processo
ser chamado de Mtodo Iterativo de Gauss.
Pode ocorrer convergncia em torno de uma soluo errnea se as
tenses originais forem muito diferentes dos valores corretos. Uma
e Qk
so dados,
N
1 Pk jQk
V k=
Y kn V n
Y kk
V k
n=1
onde
(5)
Pk jQk = Y kk V k + Y kn x V n V k
n=1
(6)
k :
Pk jQk =V
Y kn V n
(7)
(8)
n=1
Qk = V k Y kn V n
onde
n=1
A potncia reativa
Qk
Qk
V k . As componentes do novo
substitudo na
Vk
Vk
so,
especificado
k1
x1
e x2
expressa por
f 1 ( x 1 , x 2 )=K 1
(9)
onde k 1 e k 2
(10)
so constantes.
(0)
x1
x 1(0) e
x 1(0) e
x 2(0)
escrever:
(0)
(0)
(0)
K 1=f 1 ( x 1 , x 2 ) =f 1 ( x(0)
1 + x 1 , x 2 + x 2 )
(11)
K 2=f 2 ( x 1 , x 2 ) =f 2 ( x 1 + x 1 , x 2 + x 2
(12)
(0 )
(0 )
(0)
(0)
(0)
x1
(0)
x2
o que feito pela expanso das Equaes (11) e (12) em sries de Taylor:
(13)
(14)
(0)
(0)
K 1=f 1 ( x(0)
1 , x 2 ) + x 1
f1
f1
+ x (0)
+
2
x 1 ( 0)
x 2 ( 0)
(0)
(0)
K 2=f 2 ( x(0)
1 , x 2 ) + x 1
f2
f 2
+ x (0)
+
2
x 1 ( 0)
x 2 ( 0)
termo
(0)
x1
(0)
x2
K 1f 1 ( x , x
(0 )
1
(0 )
1
(0)
2
(0)
2
K 2f 2 ( x , x
)
)
[ ]
f1
x1
=
f2
x1
f1
(0)
x 2 x 1
f 2 x(0)
2
x2
[ ]
(15)
J (0 )
(0)
x1
(0)
x2
foram usadas para calcular o valor numrico das derivadas parciais. Pode-se
f 1 ( x 10 , x 20 ) o valor calculado de
notar que
de
x 10
x 20
K1
K1
no o valor especificado
(0)
x1
(0)
x2
K1
K 1 , e for definido
(0 )
o valor especificado K 1
K2
(0 )
menos o
se:
[ ] [ ]
(0)
K (0)
(0) x 1
1
=J
K (0)
x (0)
2
2
(16)
x2
x 1(0) e
x 1(t) e
x 2(t ) , onde
(1)
(0 )
( 0)
( 1)
(0 )
( 0)
x 1 =x 1 + x 1
x 2 =x 2 + x 2
Pk j Q k = |V k V n Y kn|/ kn + n k
n=1
(17)
ento
kn+
n k )
(
N
Pk = |V k V n Y kn|cos
(18)
n =1
( kn+ n k )
N
Q k = |V k V n Y kn|sin
(19)
n =1
correspondem as constantes
x1 e
Pk
Qk
da Equao 16.
x 1(0)
x 2(0)
e so as
k (0)
Pk (1)
k(0)
Qk (1)
.
[]
[ ]
P2
2
P3
2
P2
P3
=
Q2
Q2
Q3
2
Q3
2
P2
3
P3
3
Q2
3
Q3
3
P2
|V 2|
P3
|V 2|
Q2
|V 2|
Q3
|V 2|
P2
|V 3|
P3
|V 3|
Q2
|V 3|
Q3
|V 3|
[]
2
3
V 2
V 3
(20)
Pk
Qk
( kn+ n k )
Pk N
= |V V Y |sin
k n=1 k n kn
(21)
n k
Onde
nk
( kn+ n k )
Pk
=|V k V n Y kn|sin
n
No somatrio acima
Equao (17) quando
(22)
desaparece da
ser encontradas a partir das Equaes (18) e (19), a fim de se calcular nas
outras submatrizes.
A equao (20) e equaes semelhantes que envolvem mais barras so
resolvidas invertendo o jacobiano. Os valores encontrados para
so adicionados aos valores anteriores do mdulo e ngulo da tenso, de
modo a se obter os novos valores para
P(1)
k ,calc
Q(1)
k ,calc
e comear a
na barra,
Pk
sobre
e de
Qk
sobre
V k
observada
entre
mquina. Se
Eg
E g , tenso gerada na
V t , temos o diagrama
Eg
Vt
aumenta. Aumentando
maior.
Eg
V t
ngulo
e |
pequeno e (b)
aumenta.
sada, igual a | V t .|I a|. cos , maior para a condio da Figura 3(b) e o
aumento em
termos de . Se
V 1=|V 1|/0
E g=|E g|/0
Vt
onde
Eg
p.u., ento
I a=
|Eg|/ |V 1|
(23)
jX g
I a=
|Eg|/|V 1|
(24)
jX g
portanto,
P+ jQ=V t I a
|V t||E g|/ |V t|
(25)
jX g
P=
|V t||E g|
Xg
|V t||E g|
cos ( 90 )=
Xg
sin
(26)
Q=
|V t||E g|
Xg
sin ( 90 )
|V t|
Xg
(27)
|V t|
(|Eg|cos |V t|)
Xg
Vt
Eg
Vt
Eg
Q . Os valores de
E g , tem-
em p.u., nas
se | E g
Vt
significam que
os valores
deve decrescer se | E g
P
e |
constante
e uma diminuio em
campo.
A equao (26) pode ser interpretada como sendo a potncia transferida
X
V 2.
V1
V2
que ligue
o ngulo
P=
|V 1||V 2|
X
sin
(28)
Q=
|V 2|
X
recebido na barra 2
(29)
do que em
quando
sen
cos
causa
abaixo de 10 ou 15.
Eth
X th , onde a
|V t|
,e
V t =Eth + jIX th
(30)
em fase com
Eth
Eth
constante.
Eg
|E g|
Vt
|E g|
|E g|
faz com que a corrente se torne mais atrasada, como pode-se ver na
Eg e
Em
no sistema
Eg
de
Eg
Em
muito til para ilustrar o efeito de uma variao no mdulo da tenso de uma
determinada barra.
2 RESULTADOS OBTIDOS
2.1 RESULTADOS OBTIDOS PARA A QUESTO 1.1
2.1.1 Tenses nas barras
V 1=1,0000 0,0000 pu
V 2=0,98231,2177 pu
V 3=0,96892,0266 pu
V 4 =1,02001,2977 pu
V1
V2
V3
V4
2.1.2 Correntes
A equao utilizada para se obter as correntes foi:
n
I i = Y ik V k
k=1
Pi=
k=1
Qi =
k=1
Q1=0,8128 pu
Q2=1,0379 pu
Q3=1,2305 pu
Q4 =1,3231 pu
P ik=|V i| |Y ik|cos
P ki=|V k| |Y ik|cos
Qloss12=0,0144 pu
Qloss13=0,0563 pu
Qloss14=0,0000 pu
Qloss23=0,0000 pu
Qloss24=0,0866 pu
Qloss34=0,0897 pu
V ( PU )
- Matlab
V ( PU )
Power
Erro (%)
V 1=1,00000
World
V 1=1,00000
V 2=0,98230
V 2=0,96854
1,4
V 3=0,96890
V 3=0,95883
1,04
V 4 =1,02000
V 4 =1,00000
1,96
V1
2.2.2 Correntes
I 1 =( 1,3774O , 8413 i ) pu
V2
V3
V4
I 2 =(1,7178+1,0992 i ) pu
I 3 =(2,0245+1,3445 i ) pu
I 4=( 2,36691,2205i ) pu
Q1=0,8413 pu
Q2=1,0504 pu
Q3=1,2376 pu
Q4 =1,3078 pu
P32=0,0000 pu
P34=1,0281 pu
P41=0,0000 pu
P42=1,3332 pu
P43=1,0463 pu
Q34=0,5397 pu
Q41=0,0000 pu
Q42=0,7834 pu
Q43=0,6310 pu
- Matlab
V (PU )
Power
Erro (%)
V 1=1,00000
World
V 1=1,00000
V 2=0,98220
V 2=0,96854
1,39
V 3=0,96890
V 3=0,95883
1,04
V 4 =1,01960
V 4 =1,00000
1,92
V1
V2
V3
V4
2.3.2 Correntes
I 1 =( 1,51760,6609 i ) pu
I 2 =(1,7948+ 0,7394 i ) pu
I 3 =(2,0673+1,3440 i ) pu
I 4=( 2,34771,0399 i ) pu
Q1=0,6609 pu
Q2=0,6915 pu
Q3=1,2305 pu
Q4 =1,1143 pu
P24=1,3277 pu
P31=1,0386 pu
P32=0,0000 pu
P34=1,0093 pu
P41=0,0000 pu
P42=1,3430 pu
P43=1,0272 pu
Q31=0,5846 pu
Q32=0,0000 pu
Q34=0,5498 pu
Q41=0,0000 pu
Q42=0,5817 pu
Q43=0,6392 pu
V ( PU )
- Matlab
V (PU )
Power
Erro (%)
V 1=1,00000
World
V 1=1,00000
V 2=0,99000
V 2=1,00000
1,01
V 3=0,96900
V 3=0,95883
1,05
V 4 =1,0200
V 4 =1,00000
1,96
L3 40.8 milhas
L 4 71.9 milhas
L5 62.8 milhas
L6 30.6 milhas
L7 98.4 milhas
Z base =
V 2base
S base
Z base =
(138 x 103)2
100 x 106
Z base =190.44
Z base =190.44
Y (pu)
3
Y base=5.251 x 10
Y nominal
Y base
L3 40.8 milhas
L 4 71.9 milhas
L5 62.8 milhas
L6 30.6 milhas
L7 98.4 milhas
4 passo: Determinao das Admitncias em paralelo
S hunt 1=i 0.522 x 105 /milhaL1
4
S hunt 1=i 3.675 x 10
4
S hunt 2=i 2.772 x 10
4
4
S hunt 4 =i 3.753 x 10
4
S hunt 5=i 3.278 x 10
S hunt 1
Y 11=1.347i 10.0936
Y 22=Y 1 pu+Y 3 pu +Y 5 pu
+ S hunt 2
Y 22=1.561i 11.8077
Y 44=Y 4 pu+ Y 7 pu
S hunt 3
+S h unt 4
Y 33=2.18i16.3798
Y 44=0.399+i 3.047
S hunt 5
Y 11=1.678i12.5697
Y 2 pu
Y 14=Y 41 = Y 4 pu
Y 13=Y 31=
0.540+ i4
Y 15=Y 51
=0
Y 23=Y 32
= Y 3 pu Y 23=Y 32=0.703+i5.333
Y 24=Y 42 = 0
Y 25=Y 52
Y 15 =Y 51= 0
Y 24 =Y 42= 0
= Y 5 pu Y 25=Y 52=0.450+i3.428
Y 34=Y 43 = 0
Y 34=Y 43 = 0
Y 35=Y 53
Y 45=Y 54
7 passo:
Y bus
V1
V 1=1,0000 0,0000 pu
V 2=1,000023,3360 pu
V 3=0,7952 45,8202 pu
V 4 =1,0000 9,3847 pu
V2
V3
V4
V5
0+i 000000000
0.450+ i 3.428
0.937+ i 7.047
0.291+i 2.095
1.678i12.5697
V 5=1,203746,4394 pu
2.5.3 Correntes
I 1 =(1,29142,2844 i ) pu
I 2 =(4,46592,6227 i ) pu
I 3 =( 16,54383,9880 i ) pu
I 4=( 2,7062+0,0783 i ) pu
I 5 =(5,87023,0606i ) pu
Q1=2,2844 pu
Q2=4,1772 pu
Q3=11,6440 pu
Q4 =0,3640 pu
Q5=7,6590 pu
P12=1,2404 pu
P13=2,0402 pu
P14=0,4915 pu
P15=0,0000 pu
P21=1,1736 pu
P23=3,4589 pu
P24=0,0000 pu
P25=1,5709 pu
P31=2,3232 pu
P32=4,2086 pu
P34=0,0000 pu
P35=4,0937 pu
P41=0,5022 pu
P42=0,0000 pu
P43=0,0000 pu
P45=2,1805 pu
P51=0,0000 pu
P52=1,4653 pu
P53=9,0833 pu
P54=1,8614 pu
Ploss13=0,2829 pu
Ploss14=0,0107 pu
Ploss15=0,0000 pu
Ploss23=0,7497 pu
Ploss24=0,0000 pu
Ploss25=0,1056 pu
Ploss34=0,0000 pu
Ploss35=13,1769 pu
Ploss45=0,3191 pu
Q41=0,0243 pu
Q42=0,0000 pu
Q43=0,0000 pu
Q45=0,3887 pu
Q51=0,0000 pu
Q52=1,3840 pu
Q53=5,8435 pu
Q54=1,9086 pu
- Matlab
V (PU )
Power
Erro (%)
V 1=1,00000
World
V 1=0,99995
V 2=1,00000
V 2=1,00000
V 3=0,79520
V 3=0,99988
20,470
V 4 =1,0000
V 4 =1,00000
V 5=1,2037
V 5=0,99991
16,930
0,005
Y=
1
Z
Y 14=Y 41=
0.5583+ i2.5823
Y 16=Y 61=
0.7159+ i1.6125
Y 23=Y 32=
0.4449+ i0.6461
Y 25=Y 52=0.5765+i1.3084
Y 34=Y 43=+ i7.5188
Y 46=Y 64 =0.5543+ i2.3258
Y 56=Y 65=+i 3.3333
1.27424.1948 i
0.0000+ 0.0000i 0.0000+0.0000 i 0.5583+2.5823 i
0.0000+0.0000 i
1.02141.9545 i 0.4449+ 0.6461i 0.0000+ 0.0000i
Ybus= 0.0000+0.0000 i 0.4449+ 0.6461i 0.44498.1649 i 0.0000+7.5188 i
0.5583+2.5823i 0.0000+ 0.0000i 0.0000+7.5188i 1.112612.4259i
0.0000+0.0000 i
0.5765+1.3084 i 0.0000+ 0.0000 i 0.0000+0.0000 i
0.7159+1.6125i 0.0000+ 0.0000i 0.0000+ 0.0000 i 0.5543+2.3248i
0.0000+0.0000
0.5765+ 1.308
0.0000+0.0000
0.0000+0.0000
0.57654.6417
0.0000+3.3333
V1
V2
V3
V4
V5
2.6.3 Correntes
I 1 =( 0,13545,5322i ) pu
I 2 =(1,8407+ 0,0840i ) pu
I 3 =( 2,1847+3,9423 i ) pu
I 4=(0,10412,0300 i ) pu
I 5 =(1,10260,5516 i ) pu
I 6 =(0,3994+3,5050 i ) pu
V6
P6=1,1519 pu
Q1=5,8088 pu
Q2=1,0118 pu
Q3=3,1442 pu
Q4 =0,0202 pu
Q5=0,3204 pu
Q6=1,5813 pu
P36=0,0000 pu
P41=1,2246 pu
P42=0,0000 pu
P43=1,6345 pu
P45=0,0000 pu
P46=0,4494 pu
P51=0,0000 pu
P52=0,5155 pu
P53=0,0000 pu
P54=0,0000 pu
P56=0,5021 pu
P61=1,0462 pu
P62=0,0000 pu
P63=0,0000 pu
P64=0,6079 pu
P65=0,5021 pu
Ploss23=0,6457 pu
Ploss24=0,0000 pu
Ploss25=0,2499 pu
Ploss26=0,0000 pu
Ploss34=0,0000 pu
Ploss35=0,0000 pu
Ploss36=0,0000 pu
Ploss45=0,0000 pu
Ploss46=0,1585 pu
Ploss56=0,0000 pu
Q32=0,6233 pu
Q34=2,5208 pu
Q35=0,0000 pu
Q36=0,0000 pu
Q41=0,1289 pu
Q42=0,0000 pu
Q43=0,4090 pu
Q45=0,0000 pu
Q46=0,3003 pu
Q51=0,0000 pu
Q52=0,1303 pu
Q53=0,0000 pu
Q54=0,0000 pu
Q56=0,1479 pu
Q61=1,1069 pu
Q61=0,0000 pu
Q63=0,0000 pu
Q64=0,3646 pu
Q65=0,1098 pu
Qloss14=3,1375 pu
Qloss15=0,0000 pu
Qloss16=3,9071 pu
Qloss23=0,9377 pu
Qloss24=0,0000 pu
Qloss25=0,5672 pu
Qloss26=0,0000 pu
Qloss34=2,1118 pu
Qloss35=0,0000 pu
Qloss36=0,0000 pu
Qloss45=0,0000 pu
Qloss46=0,6649 pu
Qloss56=0,2577 pu
')
Ybus = [
8.9852-44.8360i
0.0000+0.0000i;
-3.8156+19.0781i
-5.1696+25.8478i;
-5.1696+25.8478i
-3.0237+15.1185i;
0.0000+0.0000i
8.1933-40.8638i;];
-3.8156+19.0781i
-5.1696+25.8478i
8.9852-44.8360i
0.0000+0.0000i
0.0000+0.0000i
8.1933-40.8638i
-5.1696+25.8478i
-3.0237+15.1185i
Ybus
%PARTE 2:DECLARAO DOS DADOS DE BARRAS DO SISTEMA DE 4 BARRA:
% Dados de Potncias Ativas e Reativas extradas da Tabela 9.3
PotATIinj = [ 0.0; 0.0; 0.0; 3.18];
PotREAinj = [ 0; 0; 0; 0];
PotATIdem = [0.5; 1.7; 2; 0.8];
PotREAdem = [0.3099; 1.0535; 1.2394; 0.4958];
Qmin = [0; 0; 0; -inf];
Qmax = [0; 0; 0; inf];
% Dados de tipo de barras e tenso de barra extradas da Tabela 9.3
barra = [ 1; 2; 3; 4];
tbarra = [ 1; 3; 3; 2];
vbarra = [ 1.000; 1.000; 1.000; 1.02];
tetaV = [0; 0; 0; 0];
nbarras = 4;
nramos = 4;
% Clculo das Potncias Ativas e Reativas lquidas
P = PotATIinj - PotATIdem;
Q = PotREAinj - PotREAdem;
% Declarao do parmetros utilizados no processo iterativo
Vanterior = vbarra;
tolerancia = 0.0001;
ERRO = 1;
ITE = 1;
MAXITE = 100;
end
end
vbarra(i) = ((P(i)-j*Q(i))/conj(vbarra(i)) - SomatorioYV) *
(1/Ybus(i,i));
% Atravs da equao 9.19
do Stevenson calcula-se a tenso da barra
if tbarra(i) == 2
% Quando a barra do tipo PV Voltage controlled a magnitude da
tenso mantida constante e o ngulo variado
vbarra(i) = abs(Vanterior(i))*cos(angle(vbarra(i))) +
j*abs(Vanterior(i))*sin(angle(vbarra(i))); % Transformando da forma
polar pra forma retangular
end
end
ERRO = max(abs(abs(vbarra) - abs(Vanterior)));
% Calcula o erro mximo da iterao
Vanterior = vbarra;
% A tenso anterior necessaria na prxima iterao
ITE = ITE + 1;
% Incrementa o contador de iteraes
end
I1 = Ybus(1,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(1,4)*vbarra(4);
I2 = Ybus(2,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(2,4)*vbarra(4);
I3 = Ybus(3,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(3,4)*vbarra(4);
I4 = Ybus(4,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(4,4)*vbarra(4);
+ Ybus(1,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(1,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(2,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(2,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(3,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(3,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(4,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(4,3)*vbarra(3)
(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(1
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(1
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(1))));
P2 =
(abs(Ybus(2,1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(2
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,2)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*cos(angle(Ybus(2,2))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(2
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(2
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(2))));
P3 =
(abs(Ybus(3,1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,3)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*cos(angle(Ybus(3,3))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(3))));
P4 =
(abs(Ybus(4,1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,4)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*cos(angle(Ybus(4,4)));
% Q:
Q1 = -((abs(Ybus(1,1)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(1,1))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(1)))))
Q2 = ((abs(Ybus(2,1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
2,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,2)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(2,2))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(2)))))
Q3 = ((abs(Ybus(3,1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
3,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,3)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(3,3))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(3)))))
Q4 = ((abs(Ybus(4,1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
4,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,4)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(4,4))))
% clculo do FLUXO POTNCIA NA LINHA:
% P:
P12 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,2))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
2))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(2)));
P13 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
3))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(3)));
P14 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
4))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P21 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,2))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
2))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)));
P23 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
3))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(3)));
P24 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
4))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P31 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
3))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)));
P32 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
3))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)));
P34 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
4))-angle(vbarra(3))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P41 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
4))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P42 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
4))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P43 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
4))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)));
=
=
=
=
=
=
P12+P21;
P13+P31;
P14+P41;
P23+P32;
P24+P42;
P34+P43;
% Q:
Q12 = (abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*sin(angle(Ybus(1,2))) (abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*sin(angle(Ybus(1,
2))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(2)));
=
=
=
=
=
=
Q12+Q21;
Q13+Q31;
Q14+Q41;
Q23+Q32;
Q24+Q42;
Q34+Q43;
')
Ybus = [
8.9852-44.8360i
0.0000+0.0000i;
-3.8156+19.0781i
-5.1696+25.8478i;
-3.8156+19.0781i
-5.1696+25.8478i
8.9852-44.8360i
0.0000+0.0000i
-5.1696+25.8478i
-3.0237+15.1185i;
0.0000+0.0000i
8.1933-40.8638i;];
0.0000+0.0000i
8.1933-40.8638i
-5.1696+25.8478i
-3.0237+15.1185i
Ybus
%PARTE 2:DECLARAO DOS DADOS DE BARRAS DO SISTEMA DE 4 BARRA:
% Dados de Potncias Ativas e Reativas extradas da Tabela 9.3
PotATIinj = [ 0.0; 0.0; 0.0; 3.18];
PotREAinj = [ 0; 0; 0; 0];
PotATIdem = [0.5; 1.7; 2; 0.8];
PotREAdem = [0.3099; 1.0535; 1.2394; 0.4958];
Qmin = [0; 0; 0; 0];
Qmax = [0; 0; 0; 1.25];
% Dados de tipo de barras e tenso de barra extradas da Tabela 9.3
barra = [ 1; 2; 3; 4];
tbarra = [ 1; 3; 3; 2];
vbarra = [ 1.000; 1.000; 1.000; 1.02];
tetaV = [0; 0; 0; 0];
nbarras = 4;
nramos = 4;
% Clculo das Potncias Ativas e Reativas lquidas
P = PotATIinj - PotATIdem;
Q = PotREAinj - PotREAdem;
% Declarao do parmetros utilizados no processo iterativo
Vanterior = vbarra;
tolerancia = 0.0001;
ERRO = 1;
ITE = 1;
MAXITE = 100;
end
if tbarra(i) == 2
% Se a barra for do tipo 2 ser uma barra PV: ento calcula-se Q de
acordo com a equao 9.23 do Stevenson
Q(i) = -imag(conj(vbarra(i))*(SomatorioYV +
Ybus(i,i)*vbarra(i)));
if (Q(i) < Qmin(i) || Q(i) > Qmax(i))
% Verifica se o valor de Q extrapolou os valores de Qmin e Qmax
estipulados
if Q(i) < Qmin(i)
% Se o Q extrapolou o Qmin ento faz-se Qi(i) = Qmin(i)
Q(i) = Qmin(i);
if Q(i) > Qmax(i)
% Seno faz-se Qi(i) = Qmax(i)
Q(i) = Qmax(i);
end
end
tbarra(i) = 3;
% Na soluo do fluxo de potncia se o valor calculado de Q(i)
estiver fora dos limites, ento a barra tratada como uma barra PQ,
para a qual um novo valor de tenso calculado
end
end
vbarra(i) = ((P(i)-j*Q(i))/conj(vbarra(i)) - SomatorioYV) *
(1/Ybus(i,i));
% Atravs da equao 9.19
do Stevenson calcula-se a tenso da barra
if tbarra(i) == 2
% Quando a barra do tipo PV Voltage controlled a magnitude da
tenso mantida constante e o ngulo variado
vbarra(i) = abs(Vanterior(i))*cos(angle(vbarra(i))) +
j*abs(Vanterior(i))*sin(angle(vbarra(i))); % Transformando da forma
polar pra forma retangular
end
end
ERRO = max(abs(abs(vbarra) - abs(Vanterior)));
% Calcula o erro mximo da iterao
Vanterior = vbarra;
% A tenso anterior necessaria na prxima iterao
ITE = ITE + 1;
% Incrementa o contador de iteraes
end
I1 = Ybus(1,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(1,4)*vbarra(4);
I2 = Ybus(2,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(2,4)*vbarra(4);
I3 = Ybus(3,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(3,4)*vbarra(4);
I4 = Ybus(4,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(4,4)*vbarra(4);
+ Ybus(1,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(1,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(2,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(2,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(3,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(3,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(4,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(4,3)*vbarra(3)
(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(1)))))
Q2 = ((abs(Ybus(2,1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
2,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,2)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(2,2))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(2)))))
Q3 = ((abs(Ybus(3,1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
3,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,3)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(3,3))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(3)))))
Q4 = ((abs(Ybus(4,1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
4,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,4)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(4,4))))
% clculo do FLUXO POTNCIA NA LINHA:
% P:
P12 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,2))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
2))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(2)));
P13 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
3))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(3)));
P14 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
4))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P21 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,2))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
2))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)));
P23 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
3))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(3)));
P24 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
4))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P31 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
3))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)));
P32 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
3))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)));
P34 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
4))-angle(vbarra(3))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P41 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
4))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P42 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
4))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P43 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
4))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)));
=
=
=
=
=
=
P12+P21;
P13+P31;
P14+P41;
P23+P32;
P24+P42;
P34+P43;
=
=
=
=
=
=
Q12+Q21
Q13+Q31
Q14+Q41
Q23+Q32
Q24+Q42
Q34+Q43
')
Ybus = [
8.9852-44.8360i
0.0000+0.0000i;
-3.8156+19.0781i
-5.1696+25.8478i;
-5.1696+25.8478i
-3.0237+15.1185i;
0.0000+0.0000i
8.1933-40.8638i;];
-3.8156+19.0781i
-5.1696+25.8478i
8.9852-44.8360i
0.0000+0.0000i
0.0000+0.0000i
8.1933-40.8638i
-5.1696+25.8478i
-3.0237+15.1185i
Ybus
%PARTE 2:DECLARAO DOS DADOS DE BARRAS DO SISTEMA DE 4 BARRA:
% Dados de Potncias Ativas e Reativas extradas da Tabela 9.3
PotATIinj = [ 0.0; 0.0; 0.0; 3.18];
PotREAinj = [ 0; 0; 0; 0];
PotATIdem = [0.5; 1.7; 2; 0.8];
PotREAdem = [0.3099; 1.0535; 1.2394; 0.4958];
Qmin = [0; -inf; 0; 0];
Qmax = [0; inf; 0; 1.25];
% Dados de tipo de barras e tenso de barra extradas da Tabela 9.3
barra = [ 1; 2; 3; 4];
tbarra = [ 1; 2; 3; 2];
vbarra = [ 1.000; 0.99; 1.000; 1.02];
tetaV = [0; 0; 0; 0];
nbarras = 4;
nramos = 4;
% Clculo das Potncias Ativas e Reativas lquidas
P = PotATIinj - PotATIdem;
Q = PotREAinj - PotREAdem;
% Declarao do parmetros utilizados no processo iterativo
Vanterior = vbarra;
tolerancia = 0.0001;
ERRO = 1;
ITE = 1;
MAXITE = 100;
end
ERRO = max(abs(abs(vbarra) - abs(Vanterior)));
% Calcula o erro mximo da iterao
Vanterior = vbarra;
% A tenso anterior necessaria na prxima iterao
ITE = ITE + 1;
% Incrementa o contador de iteraes
end
I1 = Ybus(1,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(1,4)*vbarra(4);
I2 = Ybus(2,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(2,4)*vbarra(4);
I3 = Ybus(3,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(3,4)*vbarra(4);
I4 = Ybus(4,1)*vbarra(1)
+ Ybus(4,4)*vbarra(4);
+ Ybus(1,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(1,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(2,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(2,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(3,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(3,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(4,2)*vbarra(2) + Ybus(4,3)*vbarra(3)
P3 =
(abs(Ybus(3,1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,3)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*cos(angle(Ybus(3,3))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(3))));
P4 =
(abs(Ybus(4,1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,4)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*cos(angle(Ybus(4,4)));
% Q:
Q1 = -((abs(Ybus(1,1)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(1,1))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(1)))))
Q2 = ((abs(Ybus(2,1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
2,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,2)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(2,2))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(2)))))
Q3 = ((abs(Ybus(3,1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
3,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,3)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(3,3))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(3)))))
Q4 = ((abs(Ybus(4,1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
4,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,4)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(4,4))))
% clculo do FLUXO POTNCIA NA LINHA:
% P:
P12 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,2))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
2))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(2)));
P13 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
3))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(3)));
P14 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
4))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P21 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,2))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
2))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)));
P23 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
3))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(3)));
P24 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
4))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P31 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
3))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)));
P32 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
3))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)));
P34 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
4))-angle(vbarra(3))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P41 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
4))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P42 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
4))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P43 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
4))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)));
=
=
=
=
=
=
P12+P21;
P13+P31;
P14+P41;
P23+P32;
P24+P42;
P34+P43;
% Q:
Q12 = (abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*sin(angle(Ybus(1,2))) (abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*sin(angle(Ybus(1,
2))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(2)));
=
=
=
=
=
=
Q12+Q21
Q13+Q31
Q14+Q41
Q23+Q32
Q24+Q42
Q34+Q43
')
Ybus = [1.347-10.0936i
-0.408+3.047i
-0.399+3.047i
0;
-0.408+3.047i
1.561-11.8077i
-0.450+3.428i;
-0.540+4i
-0.703+5.333i
-0.937+7.047;
-0.399+3.047i
0
5.1416i -0.291+2.095i;
0
-0.450+3.428i
-0.291+2.095i 1.678-12.5697i;];
-0.540+4i
-0.703+5.333i
2.18-16.3798i
0.69-
-0.937+7.047
Ybus
nbarras = 5;
nramos = 7;
% Clculo das Potncias Ativas e Reativas lquidas
P = PotATIinj - PotATIdem;
Q = PotREAinj - PotREAdem;
Q(i) = -imag(conj(vbarra(i))*(SomatorioYV +
Ybus(i,i)*vbarra(i)));
if (Q(i) < Qmin(i) || Q(i) > Qmax(i))
% Verifica se o valor de Q extrapolou os valores de Qmin e Qmax
estipulados
if Q(i) < Qmin(i)
% Se o Q extrapolou o Qmin ento faz-se Qi(i) = Qmin(i)
Q(i) = Qmin(i);
if Q(i) > Qmax(i)
% Seno faz-se Qi(i) = Qmax(i)
Q(i) = Qmax(i);
end
end
tbarra(i) = 3;
% Na soluo do fluxo de potncia se o valor calculado de Q(i)
estiver fora dos limites, ento a barra tratada como uma barra PQ,
para a qual um novo valor de tenso calculado
end
end
vbarra(i) = ((P(i)-j*Q(i))/conj(vbarra(i)) - SomatorioYV) *
(1/Ybus(i,i));
% Atravs da equao 9.19
do Stevenson calcula-se a tenso da barra
if tbarra(i) == 2
% Quando a barra do tipo PV Voltage controlled a magnitude da
tenso mantida constante e o ngulo variado
vbarra(i) = abs(Vanterior(i))*cos(angle(vbarra(i))) +
j*abs(Vanterior(i))*sin(angle(vbarra(i))); % Transformando da forma
polar pra forma retangular
end
end
ERRO = max(abs(abs(vbarra) - abs(Vanterior)));
% Calcula o erro mximo da iterao
Vanterior = vbarra;
% A tenso anterior necessaria na prxima iterao
ITE = ITE + 1;
% Incrementa o contador de iteraes
end
I2 = Ybus(2,1)*vbarra(1) + Ybus(2,2)*vbarra(2)
+ Ybus(2,4)*vbarra(4) + Ybus(2,5)*vbarra(5)
I3 = Ybus(3,1)*vbarra(1) + Ybus(3,2)*vbarra(2)
+ Ybus(3,4)*vbarra(4) + Ybus(3,5)*vbarra(5)
I4 = Ybus(4,1)*vbarra(1) + Ybus(4,2)*vbarra(2)
+ Ybus(4,4)*vbarra(4) + Ybus(4,5)*vbarra(5)
I5 = Ybus(5,1)*vbarra(1) + Ybus(5,2)*vbarra(2)
+ Ybus(5,4)*vbarra(4) + Ybus(5,5)*vbarra(5)
+ Ybus(2,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(3,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(4,3)*vbarra(3)
+ Ybus(5,3)*vbarra(3)
P5 =
(abs(Ybus(5,1)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(5
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(5
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(5
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(5
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,5)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*cos(angle(Ybus(5,5)))
% Q:
Q1 = -((abs(Ybus(1,1)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(1,1))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,5)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(1)))))
Q2 = ((abs(Ybus(2,1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
2,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,2)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(2,2))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(2)))))
Q3 = ((abs(Ybus(3,1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
3,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,3)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(3,3))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(3)))))
Q4 = ((abs(Ybus(4,1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
4,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,4)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(4,4))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(4)))))
Q5 = ((abs(Ybus(5,1)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(
5,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(5
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(5
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(5
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,5)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(5,5))))
P13 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
3))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(3)));
P14 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
4))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P15 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(1,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
5))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(5)));
P21 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,2))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
2))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)));
P23 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
3))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(3)));
P24 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
4))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P25 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
5))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(5)));
P31 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
3))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)));
P32 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
3))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)));
P34 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
4))-angle(vbarra(3))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P35 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
5))-angle(vbarra(3))+angle(vbarra(5)));
P41 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
4))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P42 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
4))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P43 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
4))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P45 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,
5))-angle(vbarra(4))+angle(vbarra(5)));
P51 = -(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(1,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
5))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(5)));
P52 = -(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
5))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(5)));
P53 = -(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
5))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(5)));
P54 = -(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,
5))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(5)));
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
P12+P21;
P13+P31;
P14+P41;
P15+P51;
P23+P32;
P24+P42;
P25+P52;
P34+P43;
P35+P53;
P45+P54;
% Q:
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Q12+Q21;
Q13+Q31;
Q14+Q41;
Q15+Q51;
Q23+Q32;
Q24+Q42;
Q25+Q52;
Q34+Q43;
Q35+Q53;
Q45+Q54;
clc
% PARTE 1:DECLARAO DA MATRIZ ADMITNCIA:
% Matriz de admitncia do Exemplo 9.2 do Stevenson, Tabela 9.4
fprintf('\n\n
')
Ybus = [1.2742-4.1948i
0.0000+0.0000i
0.0000+0.0000i
-0.5583+2.5823i
0.0000+0.0000i
-0.7159+1.6125i;
0.0000+0.0000i
1.0214-1.9545i
-0.4449+0.6461i
0.0000+0.0000i
-0.5765+1.3084i
0.0000+0.0000i;
0.0000+0.0000i
-0.4449+0.6461i
0.4449-8.1649i
0.0000+7.5188i
0.0000+0.0000i
0.0000+0.0000i;
-0.5583+2.5823i
0.0000+0.0000i
0.0000+7.5188i
1.1126-12.4259i
0.0000+0.0000i
-0.5543+2.3248i;
0.0000+0.0000i
0.5765+1.3084i
0.0000+0.0000i
0.0000+0.0000i
0.5765-4.6417i
0.0000+3.3333i;
-0.7159+1.6125i
0.0000+0.0000i
0.0000+0.0000i
-0.5543+2.3248i
0.0000+3.3333i
1.2702-7.2706i;];
Ybus
%PARTE 2:DECLARAO DOS DADOS DE BARRAS DO SISTEMA DE 4 BARRA:
% Dados de Potncias Ativas e Reativas extradas da Tabela 9.3
PotATIinj = [ 0.0; 0.5; 0.0; 0.0; 0.0; 0.0];
PotREAinj = [ 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0];
PotATIdem = [0; 0; 0.55; 0.55; 0.3; 0.5];
PotREAdem = [0; 0; 0.13; 0.13; 0.18; 0.05];
Qmin = [-inf; -inf; -inf; -inf; -inf; -inf];
Qmax = [inf; inf; inf; inf; inf; inf];
% Dados de tipo de barras e tenso de barra
barra = [ 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6];
tbarra = [ 1; 2; 3; 3; 3; 3];
vbarra = [ 1.05; 1.1; 1; 1; 1; 1];
tetav = [0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0];
nbarras = 6;
nramos = 7;
% Clculo das Potncias Ativas e Reativas lquidas
P = PotATIinj - PotATIdem;
Q = PotREAinj - PotREAdem;
% Declarao do parmetros utilizados no processo iterativo
Vanterior = vbarra;
tolerancia = 0.0001;
ERRO = 1;
ITE = 1;
MAXITE = 100;
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(2
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(2
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,6)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(2
,6))+angle(vbarra(6))-angle(vbarra(2))))
P3 =
(abs(Ybus(3,1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,3)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*cos(angle(Ybus(3,3))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,6)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(3
,6))+angle(vbarra(6))-angle(vbarra(3))))
P4 =
(abs(Ybus(4,1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,4)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*cos(angle(Ybus(4,4))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,6)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(4
,6))+angle(vbarra(6))-angle(vbarra(4))))
P5 =
(abs(Ybus(5,1)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(5
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(5
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(5
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(5
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,5)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*cos(angle(Ybus(5,5))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,6)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(5
,6))+angle(vbarra(6))-angle(vbarra(5))))
P6 =
(abs(Ybus(6,1)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(6
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(6)))) +
(abs(Ybus(6,2)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(6
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(6)))) +
(abs(Ybus(6,3)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(6
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(6)))) +
(abs(Ybus(6,4)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(6
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(6)))) +
(abs(Ybus(6,5)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(cos(angle(Ybus(6
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(6)))) +
(abs(Ybus(6,6)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))^2*cos(angle(Ybus(6,6)))
% Q:
Q1 = (abs(Ybus(1,1)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(1,1))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,5)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(1)))) +
(abs(Ybus(1,6)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(1
,6))+angle(vbarra(6))-angle(vbarra(1))))
Q2 =
(abs(Ybus(2,1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,2)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(2,2))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(2)))) +
(abs(Ybus(2,6)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(2
,6))+angle(vbarra(6))-angle(vbarra(2))))
Q3 =
(abs(Ybus(3,1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,3)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(3,3))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(3)))) +
(abs(Ybus(3,6)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(3
,6))+angle(vbarra(6))-angle(vbarra(3))))
Q4 =
(abs(Ybus(4,1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,4)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(4,4))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(4)))) +
(abs(Ybus(4,6)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(4
,6))+angle(vbarra(6))-angle(vbarra(4))))
Q5 =
(abs(Ybus(5,1)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(5
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(5
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(5
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(5
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(5)))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,5)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(5,5))) +
(abs(Ybus(5,6)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(5
,6))+angle(vbarra(6))-angle(vbarra(5))))
Q6 =
(abs(Ybus(6,1)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(vbarra(1)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(6
,1))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(6)))) +
(abs(Ybus(6,2)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(6
,2))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(6)))) +
(abs(Ybus(6,3)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(6
,3))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(6)))) +
(abs(Ybus(6,4)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(6
,4))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(6)))) +
(abs(Ybus(6,5)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(sin(angle(Ybus(6
,5))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(6)))) +
(abs(Ybus(6,6)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))^2*sin(angle(Ybus(6,6)))
P13 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
3))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(3)));
P14 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
4))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P15 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(1,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
5))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(5)));
P16 = -(abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,6))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(Ybus(1,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
6))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(6)));
P21 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,2))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
2))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(2)));
P23 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
3))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(3)));
P24 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
4))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P25 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
5))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(5)));
P26 = -(abs(vbarra(2)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,6))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(Ybus(2,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
6))-angle(vbarra(2))+angle(vbarra(6)));
P31 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(1,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
3))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(3)));
P32 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,3))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(Ybus(2,3)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
3))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(3)));
P34 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
4))-angle(vbarra(3))+angle(vbarra(4)));
P35 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
5))-angle(vbarra(3))+angle(vbarra(5)));
P36 = -(abs(vbarra(3)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,6))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(Ybus(3,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
6))-angle(vbarra(3))+angle(vbarra(6)));
P41 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(1,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
4))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P42 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(2,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
4))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P43 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,4))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(Ybus(3,4)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
4))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(4)));
P45 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,
5))-angle(vbarra(4))+angle(vbarra(5)));
P46 = -(abs(vbarra(4)))^2*(abs(Ybus(4,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,6))) +
(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(Ybus(4,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,
6))-angle(vbarra(4))+angle(vbarra(6)));
P51 = -(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(1,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
5))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(5)));
P52 = -(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(2,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
5))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(5)));
P53 = -(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(3,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
5))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(5)));
P54 = -(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,5))) +
(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(Ybus(4,5)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,
5))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(5)));
P56 = -(abs(vbarra(5)))^2*(abs(Ybus(5,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(5,6))) +
(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(Ybus(5,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(5,
6))-angle(vbarra(5))+angle(vbarra(6)));
P61 = -(abs(vbarra(6)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,6))) +
(abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(Ybus(1,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(1,
6))+angle(vbarra(1))-angle(vbarra(6)));
P62 = -(abs(vbarra(6)))^2*(abs(Ybus(2,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,6))) +
(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(Ybus(2,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(2,
6))+angle(vbarra(2))-angle(vbarra(6)));
P63 = -(abs(vbarra(6)))^2*(abs(Ybus(3,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,6))) +
(abs(vbarra(3)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(Ybus(3,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(3,
6))+angle(vbarra(3))-angle(vbarra(6)));
P64 = -(abs(vbarra(6)))^2*(abs(Ybus(4,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,6))) +
(abs(vbarra(4)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(Ybus(4,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(4,
6))+angle(vbarra(4))-angle(vbarra(6)));
P65 = -(abs(vbarra(6)))^2*(abs(Ybus(5,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(5,6))) +
(abs(vbarra(5)))*(abs(vbarra(6)))*(abs(Ybus(5,6)))*cos(angle(Ybus(5,
6))+angle(vbarra(5))-angle(vbarra(6)));
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
P12+P21;
P13+P31;
P14+P41;
P15+P51;
P16+P61;
P23+P32;
P24+P42;
P25+P52;
P26+P62;
P34+P43;
P35+P53;
P36+P63;
P45+P54;
P46+P64;
P56+P65;
% Q:
Q12 = (abs(vbarra(1)))^2*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*sin(angle(Ybus(1,2))) (abs(vbarra(1)))*(abs(vbarra(2)))*(abs(Ybus(1,2)))*sin(angle(Ybus(1,
2))-angle(vbarra(1))+angle(vbarra(2)));
Qloss12
Qloss13
Qloss14
Qloss15
Qloss16
Qloss23
Qloss24
Qloss25
Qloss26
Qloss34
Qloss35
Qloss36
Qloss45
Qloss46
Qloss56
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Q12+Q21;
Q13+Q31;
Q14+Q41;
Q15+Q51;
Q16+Q61;
Q23+Q32;
Q24+Q42;
Q25+Q52;
Q26+Q62;
Q34+Q43;
Q35+Q53;
Q36+Q63;
Q45+Q54;
Q46+Q64;
Q56+Q65;