PARCIAL DE TERMODINAMICA II

CICLO RANKINE

PRESENTADO POR
JUAN SEBASTIAN PEREZ
COD: 2120111038

PRESENTADO A
INGENIERO AGUSTIN VALVERDE GRANJA

TERMODINAMICA II
INGENIERIA MECANICA
UNIVERSIDAD DE IBAGUE
IBAGUE 2016

DATOS CON LOS TRABAJAN EN EL PARCIAL

P1=188 bares
P2 168 bares
P3=148bares
P4 138 bares
P5=118 bares
P6 118 bares
P7=108bares
P8= 98

bares

P9=88 bares
P10=78bares
P11=68 bares
P12 58

bares

P13=38 bares
P14 38 bares
P15=28 bares
P16 18

bares

P17=1.2bares
P18 0.08

bares

T1=873C =873K
T=0.89 B=0.83

OBJETIVO

Hallar la eficiencia trmica del ciclo y los flujos msicos en cada estado.

Tabla 1. Estados del ciclo rankine

Tabla 1 (continuacin)

BOMBA No 1

19

20

Wb 1=V 19( P 20P19 )

1

Wb 1=1.00910

Wb 1=0.113

m
100 kN / m
( 1,20.08 )

kg

kJ
kg

h 20=Wb 1+ h19
h 20= ( 0.113+173.707 ) kJ /kg
h 20=173.82

kJ
kg

h 20 =h19+

h 20h 19
B

h 20 =173.707+
h 20 =173.843

173,82173.707
0.83

kJ
kg

INTERCAMBIADOR ABIERTO No1

17

20 '

21

BALANCE DE MASA
m21=

m17+

m20

BALANCEDEENERGIA
m17

h 20 'h21
=
m20

h 2117 '
m17

173.843439.722
=
m20

439.7222796.65

m17=0.113

m20
m21=0.113

m 20+ m20

m21=1,113

m20

BOMBA No 2

22

Wb 2=V 21( P 22P 21 )

1
Wb 2=1.047103

Wb 2=8.04

m
100 kN /m
( 781.2 )

kg

kJ
kg

h 22=Wb 2+ h21

h 22=( 8.04 +439.722 ) kJ /kg

h 22=447.753

h 22 =h 21+

kJ
kg

h 22h 21
B

h 22 =439.722+
h 22=449.397

447.753439.722
0.83

kJ
kg

21

INTERCAMBIADOR CERRADO No 1

16 '

25

22'

23

BALANCE DE MASA
m25=

m22=

m21

m16=

m
23
BALANCE DE ENERGIA

m16

h 25h 22'
=
m22

h 16 'h 23
m16

1307.52449.397
=
m22

3420.11884.939
m16=0.3

38 m22
m21=1.113m20

m16=0.376

m
20

BOMBA No3

24 '

23

Wb 3=V 23( P 24P 23 )

1
Wb 3=1.168103

Wb 3=7.008

m
100 kN /m
( 7818 )

kg

kJ
kg

h 24=Wb 3+h 23

h 24=( 7.008+884.939 ) kJ /kg

h 24=891.927

h 24 =h 23+

kJ
kg

h 24h 23
B

h 24 =884.939+

h 24 =893.358

891.927884.939
0.83

kJ
kg

T No 1

51

25

24 '

BALANCE DE MASA

m51=

m25+

m24

m25=

m22=

m21

m24=

m23

m51=1.113

m20+

0.376 m20

m51=1.489

m20

BALANCE DE ENERGIA

h 51=

h 51=

m25h

25+ m
24h 24 '
m
51

(1.113 m201307.52)+(
0.376 m20893.358)
20
1.489 m
h 51=1202.93

kJ
kg

INTERCAMBIADOR CERRADO No 2

15 '

28

51

26

BALANCE DE MASA
m15=

m26

m28=

m51

BALANCEDEENERGIA

m15

h 28h51
=
m51

h 15' h 26
m15

1307.521202.93
=
m51

3570.68990.9338
m15=0,0405

m51

m51=1.489

m20

m15=0.0603

m20=m26=m

27

BOMBA No 4

27 '

26

Wb 4=V 26( P 27P 26 )

1
Wb 4=1.209103

Wb 4=6.045

m
100 kN /m
( 7828 )

kg

kJ
kg

h 27=Wb 4 +h 26

h 27=( 6.045+990.933 ) kJ /kg

h 27=996.958

h 27 =h 26+

kJ
kg

h27h 26
B

h 27 =990.933+

996.958990.933
0.83

h 27 =998.19

T No 2

52

28

kJ
kg

27 '

BALANCE DE MASA

m52=

m27+

m28

m28=

m51=1.489

m20

m27=

m
26=m15=0.0603 m
20
m52=0.0603

m20+1.489

m20

m52=1.5493

m
20

BALANCE DE ENERGIA

h 52=

h 52=

m27h

27 '+ m28h

28
m
52

20998.19)+(1.489 m201307.52)

(0.0603 m
20
1.5493 m
h 52=1295.48

kJ
kg

INTERCAMBIADOR ABIERTO No 2

10 '

52

29
BALANCE DE MASA

m29=

m10+

m52

BALANCE DE ENERGIA

m10

h 52h 29
=
m52

h 29h 10 '
m10

1295.481307.52
=
m52

1307.523463.49
m10=0.00558

m52

m52=1.5493

m
20

m10=0.00864

m 20
m29=0.00864

m
20+1.5493 m20

m29=1.55794

m20=m

30=m 33

BOMBA No 5

30 '

29

Wb 5=V 29( P 30P 29 )

1
Wb 5=1.379103

Wb 5=8.274

m
100 kN /m
( 13878 )

kg

kJ
kg

h 30=Wb 5+h 29

h 30=( 8.274+1307.52 ) kJ /kg

h 30=1315.73

h 30 =h29+

kJ
kg

h 30h 29
B

h 30 =1307.52+

1315.731307.52
0.83

h 30 =1317.411

kJ
kg

INTERCAMBIADOR CERRADO No 3

11 '

33

30 '

31

BALANCE DE MASA
m11=

m
31=m32

m30=

m33=m

29
BALANCE DE ENERGIA

m11

h 33h 30 '
=
m30

h 11 ' h 31
m11

1563.031317.411
=
m30

3417.041257.11
m11=0.113

m30

m30=1.55794

m20

m11=0.176

m
20
BOMBA No 6
32

31

Wb 6=V 31( P 32P 31 )

1
Wb 6=1.346103

Wb 6=9.422

m
100 kN / m
( 13868 )

kg

kJ
kg

h 32=Wb 6 +h 31

h 32=( 9.422+1257.11 ) kJ /kg

h 32=1266.46

h 32 =h 31+

kJ
kg

h 32h 31
B

h 32 =1257.11+

1266.461257.11
0.83

h 32 =1268.375

kJ
kg

T No 3

53

33

32'
BALANCE DE MASA

m53=

m32+

m
33
m32=

m31=m11=0.176

m20

m33=

m30=

m
29=1.55794 m
20
m53=0.176

m20+

1.55794 m20

m53=1.73394

m20

BALANCE DE ENERGIA

h 53=

h 53=

m32h

32' + m33h

33
m53

( 0.176 m201268.375)+(1.55794
m201563.03)

1.73394 m20
h 53=1533.121

kJ
kg

INTERCAMBIADOR DE CALOR CERRADO No4

12'

36

53

34
BALANCE DE MASA

m12=m34=m

35
m36=

m
53

BALANCEDEENERGIA
m12

h 36h53
=
m53

h 12'h 34
m12

1563.031533.121
=
m53

3364.981202.45
m12=0.01383

m53

m53=1.73394

m20

m12=

m34=m

35=0.024 m20

BOMBA No 7

35

34

Wb 7=V 34 ( P 35P 34 )
1
Wb 7=1.313103

Wb 7=10.504

kJ
kg

h 35=Wb 7+h 34

m
100 kN / m
( 13858 )

kg

h 35=( 10.504 +1202.45 ) kJ /kg

h 35=1212.87

h 35 =h34 +

kJ
kg

h35h 34
B

h 35 =1202.45+
h 35 =1215

1212.871202.45
0.83

kJ
kg

T No 4

54

36

35 '

BALANCE DE MASA
m54=

m
36+ m
35

m36=

m
53=1.73394 m
20
m35=

m34=

m12=0.024

m20

m54=1.73394

m
20+0.024 m
20
m54=1.75794

m
20
BALANCE DE ENERGIA

h 54=

m36h

36+ m35h

35 '
m
54

h 54=

(1.73394 m201563.03)+(0.024
m201215)

1.75794 m20
h 54=1558.28

kJ
kg

INTERCAMBIADOR DE CALOR CERRADO No5

8'

39

54

37
BALANCE DE MASA

m8=m

37=m38
m39=

m54

BALANCE DE ENERGIA
m8

h 39h54
=
m54

h 8 'h 37
m8

1563.031558.28
=
m54

3543.971399.41
m8=0.00221

m54

m54=1.75794

m
20

m8=

m
37=m38=0.003893 m
20
BOMBA No 8

38

37

Wb 8=V 37( P 38P 37 )

1
Wb 8=1.447103

Wb 8=5.788

m
100 kN /m
( 13898 )

kg

kJ
kg

h 38=Wb 8+h 37

h 38=( 5.788+1399.41 ) kJ /kg

h 38=1405.15

h 38 =h37+

kJ
kg

h 38h 37
B

h 38 =1399.41+

1405.151399.41
0.83

h 38 =1406.325

kJ
kg

T No 5

55

39

38 '
BALANCE DE MASA

m55=

m38+

m39

m39=

m54=1.75794

m20

m38=

m37=

m
8=0.003893 m
20
m55=0.003893

m20+1.75794

m20

m55=1.7618

m20

BALANCE DE ENERGIA

h 55=

h 55=

h 55=1562.71

m39h

39+ m
38h38 '
m55

(1.75794 m201563.03)+(0.003893
m201406.325)

1.7618 m20

kJ
kg

INTERCAMBIADOR DE CALOR CERRADO No6

7'

42

40

55

BALANCE DE MASA
m7=m

40=m 41

m
42=m
55

BALANCE DE ENERGIA

m7

h 42h55
=
m55

h7 ' h 40
m7

1563.031562.71
=
m55

3579,141442.15
m7=0.0001497

m55

m55=1.7618

m20

m7=

m
40=m 41=0.0002638 m20

BOMBA No 9

41

40

Wb 9=V 40( P 41P 40 )

1
Wb 9=1.482103

Wb 9=4.446

kJ
kg

m
100 kN /m
( 138108 )

kg

h 41=Wb 9+h 40
h 41=( 4.446+1442.15 ) kJ /kg
h 41=1446.57

h 41 =h 40+

kJ
kg

h 41h 40
B

h 41 =1442.15+

1446.571442.15
0.83

h 41 =1447.475

kJ
kg

T No 6

56

42

41 '
BALANCE DE MASA

m56=

m
42+ m
41
m
42=m
55=1.7618 m20

m
41=m
40=m7=0.0002638

m20

m56=1.7618

m20+

0.0002638 m
20

m56=1.762

m20

BALANCE DE ENERGIA

h 56=

h 56=

h 56=1563

m
42h 42+ m
41h 41'
m56

201563.03)+(0.0002638 m201447.475)

( 1.7618 m

1.762 m20

kJ
kg

INTERCAMBIADOR ABIERTO No 3

4'

56

43

BALANCE DE MASA

m
43= m4
+ m56

BALANCE DE ENERGIA
m
4 h 56h 43
=
m56

h 43h 4 '
m
4
15631563.03
=
m56

1563.033441.02
m
4=0.000015974 m56

m56=1.762

m20

m
4=0.000028147 m20

m
43=0.000028147 m
20+1.762 m20

m
43=1.762028 m
20

BOMBA No 10

44

43

Wb 10=V 43( P 44P 43 )

1

Wb 10=1.60210

Wb 10=8.01

m
100 kN / m
( 188138 )

kg

kJ
kg

h 44=Wb 10+ h 43
h 44=( 8.01+1563.03 ) kJ /kg
h 44=1570.04

kJ
kg

h 44 =h 43+

h 44h 43
B

h 44 =1563.03+

1570.041563.03
0.83

h 44 =1571.475

kJ
kg
INTERCAMBIADOR DE CALOR CERRADO No 7

3'

47

44 '

45

BALANCE DE MASA
m
47= m44=m43

m
45= m3=m46

BALANCE DE ENERGIA

m3

h 47h 44 '
=
m44

h 3 ' h 45
m3

1768.731571.475
=
m44

3467.281602.21

m3=0.1057

m
44
m
44=m 43=1.762028 m20

m3=0.186

m20

BOMBA No 11

46

45

Wb 11=V 45( P 46P 4 5 )

1
Wb 11=1.649103

Wb 11=6.596

m
100 kN /m
( 188148 )

kg

kJ
kg

h 46=Wb 11+ h 45

h 46=( 6.596+1602.21 ) kJ /kg

h 46=1608.71

h 46 =h 45+

kJ
kg

h 46h 45
B

h 46 =1602.21+
h 46 =1610.04

1608.711602.21
0.83

kJ
kg

T No 7

57

47

46 '

BALANCE DE MASA
m57=

m
47+ m
46

m
46= m45=m

3=0.186 m
20

m
47= m44=

m43=1.762028

m20

m57=0.186

m
20+1.76202 m
20

m57=1.94802

m20

BALANCE DE ENERGIA

h 57=

h 57=

m
47h 47+ m
46h 46 '
m
57

201768.73)+(0.186 m201610.04)

(1.762028 m

1.94802 m20
h 57=1753.58

kJ
kg

INTERCAMBIADOR DE CALOR CERRADO No 8

2'

50

57

48
BALANCE DE MASA

m2=

m
48=m 49
m50=

m57

BALANCE DE ENERGIA
m2

h 50h57
=
m57

h 2' h 48
m2

1768.731753.58
=
m57

3510.961681.81
m2=0.00828

m57

m57=m50=1.94802

m20

m2=0.0161

m20

BOMBA No 12

49

48

Wb 12=V 48( P 49P 4 8 )

1

Wb 12=1.759103

Wb 12=3.518

m
100 kN / m
( 188168 )

kg

kJ
kg

h 49=Wb 12+h 48
h 49=( 3.518+1681.81 ) kJ / kg
h 49=1685.20

kJ
kg

h 49 =h 48+

h 49h 48
B

h 49 =1681.81+
h 49 =1685.9

1685.201681.81
0.83

kJ
kg
T No 8

58

50

49 '

BALANCE DE MASA

m58=

m50+

m49

m
49= m48=m2=0.0161

m20

m50=

m57=1.94802

m20

m58=1.94802

m
20+0.0161 m20

m58=1.96412

m
20
BALANCE DE ENERGIA

h 58=

h 58=

m50h

50+ m
49h 49 '
m58

(1.94802 m201768.73)+(0.0161
m201685.9)
20
1.96412 m

h 58=1768.05

kJ
kg

TRABAJO DE LAS BOMBAS

m 41

)( h 20 h19 )+ ( m22
)( h22 h 21 )+( m
24)(h 24 h 23)+ ( m27
)( h27 h 26)+ ( m30 )(h 30
( m20
rreBom=
Wi

)( 173.843173.707 )+ (1.113 m20 )( 449.39439.722 ) +(0.376 m20)(893.358884.939)+ ( 0.06

( m20

rreBom=48.6 m20
Wi

TABLA ENTALPAS REALES TURBINAS

Donde ha es la entalpia a la entrada de la turbina o la entalpia real hallada en

cada una de las secciones anteriores de la turbina, hs es la entalpia ideal de
cada una de las secciones de la turbina y nt es la eficiencia de las turbinas
TURBINA 1

( h1h 2 )+ ( m1

) ( h 2 h 3 ) + ( m1

) ( h 3 h 4 )+(m1m2m3m 4
irrv turb 1= m1
m2
m2
m3

m58=m1=1.96412

m
20
m2=0.0161

m20

m3=0.186

m20

m
4=0.000028147 m20

h 1=3547.14

kJ
kg
h 2 =3510.96

kJ
kg

h 3 =3467.28

kJ
kg

h 4 =3441.02

kJ
kg

h 5 =3391.32

kJ
kg

irrv turb 1=1.96412 m20

( 3547.143510.96 ) + ( 1.96412 m200.0161

m20
) ( 3510.93467.28 ) + ( 1.964

irrv turb 1=289.87 m20

TURBINA 2

 ( h 6h 7 ) + ( m6

7 ) ( h 7 h 8 )+(m 6m 7m8)(h 8' h 9' )

irrv turb 2= m6
m
m5=1.96412 m200.0161

m
200.186 m
200.000028147m 20 m 5=1.762 m20

m6=m

5=1.762 m20
m7=0.0002638

m20

m8=0.003893

m20

h 6=3608.8

kJ
kg
h 7 =3579.14

kJ
kg

h 8 =3543.97

kJ
kg

h 9 =3505.52

kJ
kg

irrv turb 2=1.762 m20 ( 3608.83579.14 ) + ( 1.762 m200.0002638 m20

) ( 3579.143543.97 ) + ( 1.762

irrv turb 2=181.845 m 20

TURBINA 3

( h 9 'h 10 ) + ( m
9m
10 ) ( h10 h 11 ) + ( m
9 m10

) ( h 11 h12 ) +( m9

irrv turb 3=m9

m11
m1

m
9=1.762 m200.0002638 m200.003893

m20
m9=1.7578 m20
m10=0.00864

m 20

m11=0.176

m
20
m12=0.024

m20

h 10 '=3463.49

kJ
kg
h 11 =3417.04

kJ
kg

h 12=3364.98

kJ
kg

h 13 =3242.11

kJ
kg

irrv turb 3=1.7578 m20 ( 3505.523463.49 ) + ( 1.7578 m200.00864 m20 )( 3463.493417.04 ) + ( 1.75
irrv turb 3=427.33 m20

TURBINA 4

( h 14h 15 ) + ( m14

) ( h15 h 16 ) + ( m
14 m15

) ( h 16 h 17 ) +( m
14
irrv turb 1= m14
m15
m16
m13=m14=1.7578

m 200.00864 m200.176 m200.024

m20
m13=1.54916 m20

m15=0.0603

m20

m16=0.376

m
20

m17=0.113

m20
h 14=3674.83

kJ
kg
h 15 =3570.68

kJ
kg

h 16 =3420.11

kJ
kg

h 17 =2796.65

kJ
kg

h 18 =2366.51

kJ
kg

irrv turb 4=1.54916 m 20 ( 3674.833570.68 ) + ( 1.54916 m200.0603 m20

)( 3570.683420.11 ) + ( 1.5

irrv turb 4=1509.4 m20

irrv turbTotal=2408.445 m20

Calor absorbido por el agua en la caldera

qV = m1
( h1h 58 ) + m14
( h 14h13 )+ m6
( h 6h 5 )

qV =1.96412 m
20( 3547.141768.05 ) +1.54916 m20( 3674.833242.11 ) +1.762m 20(3608.8339

qV =4547 . 87 m20

kJ/kg

LA EFICIENCIA TERMICA DEL CICLO

R =

R =

rreBom
irrv turbTotalWi
qV

2408.445m 2048.6 m20

100 51
4547.87 m 20
R

= 51%

FLUJOS MASICOS

n=wn 20
n=150

Mw1000 Kw
=150103 Kw
1 Mw
3

n=15010 Kw
n=( irrev Total Turbinas irrev Total Bombas) 21
3

15010 Kw=(2408.445 m2048.6 m 20)

150103 Kw
=20
(2408.44548.6)kJ /kg
20=63.6 kg /s

Multiplicando los flujos hallados anteriormente por m27