Redes de Comunicação e a

Norma IEC 61850

Copyright © SEL 2014

 Comunicação na SE
COMUNICAÇÃO NA SE

LINKS FÍSICOS PROTOCOLOS

EIA-232 METÁLICO PROPRIETÁRIOS:

Fabricantes são os “donos”
EIA-485 METÁLICO Geralmente “fechado”

ETHERNET METÁLICO
ABERTOS:
ETHERNET ÓPTICO MODBUS, DEVICENET,
IEC60870, DNP3, UCA2.0,etc.

Copyright © SEL 2014

 Rede Serial x Rede Ethernet
Serial EIA-485 Ethernet

Difícil expansão Fácil Expansão

Uniprotocolo Multiprotocolo

10 a 15 dispositivos 100 dispositivos

Muitos acessórios (+pontos de falha) Switch + cabos (-pontos de falha)

Baixa velocidade Alta velocidade

Único mestre de controle Dois ou mais mestres para controle

Copyright © SEL 2014

 Protocolos na SE

• Muitos protocolos diferentes

• Um único protocolo não atende todas as
necessidades
• Diferentes fucionalidades
• Interoperabilidade é um problema
• Custos de engenharia elevados
• Necessidade de um protocolo global
Copyright © SEL 2014
 Norma IEC 61850
Um Conjunto de Protocolos

Copyright © SEL 2014

 Norma IEC-61850

 Uma norma que apresenta dois protocolos

Ethernet:
 MMS
 MMS - Manufacturing Message Specification
 Unicast
 GOOSE
 (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event)
 Multicast
 MMS
 MMS - Manufacturing Message Specification
 Uma mensagem MMS é endereçada para
um endereço IP (Unicast)

SCADA

Network

IED
 GOOSE Multi-Cast
 GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented
Substation Event)
 Uma mensagem GOOSE “publicada” por um
IED pode ser “subscrita” por vários IEDs
Subscribing Subscribing
Application Application

A B D A C D

Network

A B B C C D

Publishing Publishing Publishing

SERVER SERVER SERVER

Service: send data (unconfirmed)
 Mensagens GOOSE
 Sem confirmação de recepção
 Messagens repetidas em intervalos de
tempo pré-determinados
 Diminuir intervalo entre mensagens na
ocorrência de mudança de estado de uma
das variáveis Mudança de estado de
uma das variáveis

ms
MaxTime 4 8 16 ... MaxTime
 IEC-61850 – Motivações de uso

 A utilização dos protocolos de comunicação

da Norma IEC61850 está baseada:
 No uso de comunicação de alta velocidade em
rede Ethernet
 Interoperabilidade de equipamentos de
diferentes fabricantes
 Redução na quantidade de cabos
convencionais, agilizando o comissionamento e
reduzindo a probabilidade de falhas
 IEC-61850 – Motivações de uso

 Alta confiabilidade e disponibilidade do sistema,

com uso de projeto mais simples e arquitetura
mais eficiente
 Garantia de fácil expansibilidade
 IEC-61850 MMS vs Modbus

 Estruturas similares, ambos carregam

estampa de tempo
 Vantagem da IEC-61850: Padronização,
conhecendo a norma, sabe-se de qual
grandeza se trata. Não precisa consultar os
endereços em tabelas de cada fabricante
 Vantagem da IEC-61850: “Ganha” GOOSE
para comunicação entre IEDs (horizontal)
 Não necessita utilizar UM OU OUTRO,
pode-se utilizar OS DOIS!
Sistema de Automação de SEs
Características dos Projetos com
IEC-61850

8345
Copyright © SEL 2006
 Filosofia de Projeto

 Sistema digital físico e estrategicamente

distribuído:
 Para cada equipamento é ideal que haja um
IED específico, o qual estará instalado no nível
1 do sistema
 IED’s desempenham funções de proteção,
controle, medição, intertravamentos,
automatismos, registro de eventos,
oscilografia, sinalização, alarmes e
comunicação com o nível 2
 Filosofia de Projeto
Instalação dos IEDs no pátio da subestação

Heat +85°C

Cold –40°C
 A Confiabilidade dos Produtos da SEL

Descarga Eletrostática

Condições ambientais adversas

frio (-40°C)

Vibração calor (+85°C)

 Comunicação com o nível 2
Fibra ótica substituindo cabos metálicos
Portas Multiprotocolos
DNP3+MODBUS+61850
Material Velho Removido – SE Guarujá 2
 Filosofia de Projeto

 Utilização de processadores de
comunicação (UPC’s) redundantes
multiprotocolos- Nível 2
 Funções de gateway, concentrador de
comunicação e processador inteligente.
 Responsável pelo processamento da base de
dados dos IED’s da subestação, envio e
recebimento de dados e processamento de
controles oriundos dos Centros Remotos
 Arquitetura Nível 2

Engineering SCADA
Access
Nível 2

DNP3,
Modbus,
IEC61850

SEL Relay
 Filosofia de Projeto

 IHM Local com monitor touch-screen e

bandejas de teclado e mouse no padrão rack
19”
 unifilar geral, unifilar setorizado, lista de
eventos, lista de alarmes, telas tabulares para
medições e registro histórico da base de dados
 Sincronização por um Servidor de Base de
Tempo (GPS - Global Positioning System)
com relação ao tempo absoluto através do
padrão IRIG-B
Painel IHM
Local
Diagrama Unifilar do Sistema – IHM
Local
 Filosofia para elaboração de lógicas

 As lógicas referentes aos bays devem,

preferencialmente, ser desenvolvidas no
nível do IED
 Descentralizada e com o mínimo possível de
interligações físicas entre os equipamentos
 As lógicas no nível de subestação, com troca
de informações entre IEDs devem ser
implementadas utilizando-se mensagens do
protocolo IEC 61850 GOOSE
 Filosofia para elaboração de lógicas

 Sempre que possível deve haver

redundância nas lógicas, isto é, a lógica
deve ser implementada em dois IED’s
 A falha simples de um canal de comunicação
Ethernet não deve comprometer a execução
das lógicas
Arquiteturas de Comunicação
Estrela Simples

SWITCH
SWG
GERENCIÁVEL

A B A B A B

IED 01 IED 02 IED 03

Copyright © SEL 2014

Arquiteturas de Comunicação
Anel

SWITCH SWITCH

A B A B A B

IED 01 IED 02 IED 03

Copyright © SEL 2014

 Arquiteturas de Comunicação
Estrela Dupla

SWITCH SWITCH

A B A B A B

IED 01 IED 02 IED 03

Copyright © SEL 2014

 Arquitetura mais Confiável

 Comunicação interna da subestação é

projetada com os switches em anel e IED’s
em dupla estrela.
 Interfaces Ethernet redundantes em fibra-
ótica, funcionando em “Fail Over Mode”,
 falha do cabo de comunicação ou de um switch
Ethernet a comunicação pode ser transferida
para a outra interface sem degradar o sistema
 Arquitetura mais Confiável
CASA DE CONTROLE

CEPC (*)

WAN

IMPRESSORA (*) IHM LOCAL GSE

COS (*)

REMOTO

SW

UPC-A UPC-B

SW SW

IED-LT
LEGENDA
IEC-61850
IED-TR
OUTRO PROTOCOLO – ETHERNET
OUTRO PROTOCOLO – SERIAL
IED-AL1 TODOS OS PROTOCOLOS

IED-AL2

PÁTIO DA SE
Sistema de Automação de SEs
Exemplo Prático
50/62 BF utilizando Goose

8345
Copyright © SEL 2006
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Copyright SEL® 2013 41
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Copyright SEL® 2013 42
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Copyright SEL® 2013
UUUUUUU UUUUUU 43
U U
Falha de Disjuntor Failed to Open Ifault

(50/62BF) Bay
Ifault+load B Controller A
Protection

Trip
Bay Bay
Controller B Controller A
Protection Protection
A B

Bay
B Controller A
Switch B Protection GOOSE
(Breaker Failure ,
Trip the Bus )
Redundant
GOOSE Switches
(Breaker Failure ,
Switch A

Trip the Bus)

Ethernet Connections
 Falha de Disjuntor Failed to Open I fault

Falha conexão Ethernet Bay

Controller A
B
Protection
Ifault+load GOOSE

Trip
Bay Bay
Controller B Controller A
Protection Protection
A B
GOOSE
(Breaker
Failure ) Bay
B Controller A Cable
Protection

Switch B
or
Switch
Failure

Redundant
Switches
Switch A

Ethernet Connections
 Opened
Seletividade Successfully
I fault

Lógica Bay
Trip
(Hardwired )
B Controller A
I fault+ load Protection

Bay Bay
Controller B Controller A
Protection Protection
A B

Bay

Switch B
B Controller A
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(Block Signal = 1)
Redundant
GOOSE Switches
(Block Signal = 1)
Switch A

Ethernet Connections
 Seletividade Lógica

50P2
B
50G2 CCOUTnn Comunic
Ethernet

SWITCH A
Relé Alimentador A

CCINnnn A
Comunic
Ethernet

SWITCH B
Sinal Bloqueio B
Alimentadores
Message Quality
=1 (Com Falha)
= 0 (Com OK) 100
50P2 ms TRIP
50G2 0

Relé Transformador
Característica da Norma
61850
Sistema de Automação de SEs
Exemplo Prático
CCMs de Baixa Tensão

8345
Copyright © SEL 2006
 Histórico
Antes de 1990
• Elemento de proteção contra curto-circuito +
contator de manobra + elemento térmico
bimetálico
• Troca de mensagens entre CCM e CLP
exigia em média 16 fios para medição e
controle
• CCM de 30 motores:
– 30 x 16 = 480 fios
– 960 terminais
Copyright © SEL 2014
 Histórico
1990 – 2010
• CCMs inteligentes
– Melhoria dos diagnósticos

– Redução da fiação através da comunicação

digital

– Comunicação entre CCM e CLP via

protocolos industriais

– IEDs simples, com recursos limitados quando

comparados com relés de MT e AT
Copyright © SEL 2014
 Histórico
Realidade Atual
• Redução dos custos permite uso da
tecnologia já difundida na MT e AT nos
cubículos de BT
• Vantagens:
– Alta confiabilidade e testes ambientais severos
– MTBF acima de 300 anos
– Protocolos de comunicação adequados para
monitoramento e análise de ocorrências
– Métodos de diagnóstico e relatórios disponíveis
– Autodiagnose e autoteste
Copyright © SEL 2014
 Aplicação com 61850
Eliminação de Arco Elétrico

Copyright © SEL 2014

Detecção de Arco em CCMs de BT é
Similar à Seletividade Lógica

53 Copyright © SEL 2014

 Aplicação com 61850
Eliminação de Arco Elétrico
TOL1
TOL2
TOL3
TOL4
TRIP
Any TOL1
(Out101)
(VB001)
50PAF
50NAF Any TRIP
Relé Geral Element
GOOSE

1 TOL1
2 TOL1
ANN.GVSPSGGIO3.Ind0
3 TOL1
001.stval
4 TOL1
5… 32 TOL1 Via 32 Individual
GOOSE Channels
Relés do CCM
Copyright © SEL 2014
Arquitetura de Comunicação

Copyright © SEL 2014

Copyright © SEL 2014
Copyright © SEL 2014
Perguntas?

Copyright © SEL 2014