BETÃO ESTRUTURAL - ZONAS DE DESCONTINUIDADE

MODELOS DE CAMPOS DE TENSÕES

JOÃO F. ALMEIDA
MIGUEL S. LOURENÇO
Maio 2013

1
ESTRUTURAS DE BETÃO II, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM ENGENHARIA CIVIL, IST
RITTER , MÖRSCH : “INTUIÇÃO” (E EQUILÍBRIO) – BASE PARA OS ACTUAIS MODELOS DE CAMPOS DE TENSÕES
Identificação das trajectórias da carga
EUROCÓDIGO 2 §5.6 Plastic Analysis
Estabelecimento de condições de equilíbrio

RITTER (1899)

MÖRSCH (1909, 1922)

Emil Mörsch (1872-1950)

2
“ .... nothing is more practical than a good theory ....”
“ESFORÇO TRANSVERSO”

EUROCÓDIGO 2 §5.6 Plastic Analysis




VSd - Vccd - VPd  VRd

Asw
VRd,s = z fywd cot 1  cot  2.5
s
fcd
VRd,max = cw bw z 1 Ftd = 0.5 VEd cotg 
cot  + tan 

M V z
C  cot g  N
z 2 zs

M V z  zs
T  cot g  N
z 2 zs

3
ESFORÇO TRANSVERSO ↔ “ Ligação alma – banzos ”

Fd Fd Vzd A'

vEd = = .
hf . x x z Atot
Asf hf Fd
. fyd  vEd =
s cotg  x cotg 
vEd   fcd senf cosf

1  cotf  2 (banzos comprimidos)

1  cotf  1.25 (banzos traccionados)

4
ESFORÇO TRANSVERSO ↔ “ Torção ”

EUROCÓDIGO 2 §5.6 Plastic Analysis

Ak

tef,i

linha média
uk

t
Asw TEdi
fywd cot   VEdi =
s 2Ak

TRd,máx = 2 cw fcd Ak tef,i sen  cos 

 Asl fyd TEd

= cot 
uk 2 Ak

T Ed V Ed
+ 1
T Rd,máx V Rd,máx

5
ESFORÇO TRANSVERSO ↔ “Região do apoio”

z cotg

EUROCÓDIGO 2 §5.6 Plastic Analysis

q
1 aF  d1 1 
cot 1      cot 
C
2 z  z 2

Tf  Va cot 1

d
V

z
Va  q0.5  a1  d1  z cot 


fsw 


Tf T
z cot 
fsw
d1
Va

aF d1 cotg

“D” “B”
“D”

Reineck, K.-H., J.; Lourenço, M.; Almeida, J.; Haugerud, S.-A. 2011 : “Gaining experience with strut and tie models for the design of concrete 6
structures”. in Design Examples for strut and tie models, fib Bulletin 61, Lausanne.
ESFORÇO TRANSVERSO ↔ Transmissão de cargas “próximas” dos apoios
Modelo STM Modelo de campos de tensões
EUROCÓDIGO 2 §5.6 Plastic Analysis

1
a1  aF  x  cot g
2
F2 1  2a 
   1   z / 2  a  2z
F 3 z 

Reineck, K.-H., Almeida, J., Appleton, J., Corres, H., Friedrich, T., Ganz, H., Kalny, M., Miehlbradt, M., Westerberg, B. (FIP WG on
Recommendations for Practical Design of Structural Concrete) 1999 : “FIP/fib Recommendations for Practical Design of Structural Concrete”, 7
SETO, London.
EXERCÍCIO : Dimensionar / Verificar a segurança

1200 kN 1200 kN
ORIENTAÇÃO
3.00
DO MODELO SEGUNDO AS TRAJECTÓRIAS ELÁSTICAS
3.00

2.00
3.50

6.25 8.50 6.25

1200 kN

"V" [kN]

"M" [kN.m]

3600 kN.m

EST Ø8//0.10 3Ø16 EST Ø8//0.20 EST Ø8//0.20 3Ø16 EST Ø8//0.10

11Ø25 11Ø25

9Ø20 9Ø20

8
9
fsx
89 140 191 242 293 316 316 316 316 316 311 276 240 204 168 133 113 100 87 73 60 46 29 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 22 31 39 48 57 66 76 86 96 106 113 117 120 124 127 124 113 102 91 80 122 220 318 416 514 291 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 123 234 100 0
821 818 815 812 809 765 689 612 536 460 387 334 281 228 175 122 92 71 51 30 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 38 61 83 105 126 145 164 183 202 215 220 226 231 237 249 268 287 306 325 318 281 244 208 171 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2138 1833 1529 1224 920 723 610 497 384 272 169 124 79 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 56 93 130 163 191 220 248 276 301 320 340 360 380 390 390 391 391 391 353 274 195 116 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 4 7 10 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 10 10 5 1 0 0 0 0 4 10 16 24 24 26 28 29 31 22 161 300 439 578 753 1018 1283 1548 1812 2077 1709 1327 945 563 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 87 132 175 218 261 304 336 358 380 401 423 425 405 385 365 345 313 270 226 182 139 94 49 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

fsy
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 9 14 20 15 21 43 65 88 139 210 280 351 422 477 495 640 799 958 1116 1004 887 769 651 534 434 348 262 177 91 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 71 137 203 269 335 373 381 390 398 407 402 385 367 349 332 308 279 250 220 191 161 131 101 71 41 7 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 28 45 62 80 112 155 200 248 297 339 363 391 424 462 505 480 455 433 412 394 356 301 246 191 136 84 45 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 87 137 187 210 203 196 189 183 181 185 191 199 209 212 205 200 187 169 150 129 108 87 66 42 15 0 0 0 0 0
5 4 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 13 24 34 45 56 67 79 91 104 117 127 129 131 134 138 142 130 117 105 93 82 69 54 40 25 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 124 92 63 41 25 20 20 20 21 23 26 30 35 40 46 46 42 38 35 33 30 27 24 22 21 16 6 0 0 0 0 0
-1926.76
-1670.92

-2275.69
-2651.64
-1536.53
-1495.45

-143.56

-33.77

54
-1545.64

-21.30
-1745.48

22.
-102.61
-1562.04

-15.25
-1866.68
-1597.75

-2213.15
-2605.36

-137.52
-1456.92
-1413.97

-35.61

73
-1469.42

-23.23

11.
-1681.53

-106.40
-1488.42

-17.17
-1808.81
-1526.69

-134.52
-2151.41
-2559.22
-1379.22
-1334.43

-37.56

15
-1395.24

-0.
-25.22
-1619.96
-1416.96

-110.24
-133.95
-1457.89

-19.19
-1753.22
-1303.59
-1257.00

-2090.52
-2513.13

-39.61
-1323.27

-13.05
-27.28
-135.31
-1560.91
-1347.81

-114.12
-1391.50

-1699.98

1533. 68 1532. 64 1531. 55

-21.33
-1230.22
-1181.90

1530. 40 1529. 19 1527. 91 1526. 58 1525. 19 1523. 73

-2030.51

1522. 21 1519. 03
-2467.04

1510. 95 1502. 82 1494. 64 1486. 43 1478. 17 1469. 87 1461. 53

-41.76

1522. 91 1453. 14 1444. 71

-1253.65

1514. 78
1436. 25

-26.94
1506. 60
1427. 74
1473. 43 1481. 78 1490. 10 1498. 37
1465. 05 1419. 19 1410. 60
-138.17

1456. 64
1401. 97
1448. 20
-29.40

1439. 73
1393. 30
-1504.49
-1281.13

1431. 25
1384. 59

-118.06
-1327.69

1422. 74
1373. 72
-1109.33

53
1414. 23
-1159.25

-23.59
-1649.12

1405. 71
1388. 66 1397. 18 1361. 19 1348. 63 1336. 06
-1971.42

-8.
-2420.86

1380. 14
1362. 97 1323. 48 1310. 87 1298. 25
1343. 16
1285. 61
1323. 51
-44.00

-41.80
-1186.55

1272. 95
1304. 05
1284. 80 1260. 27
-142.18

1265. 79 1247. 58 1234. 86

-1217.09

-31.59

1222. 12
-1450.81

22
-1039.50

1247. 05

-122.04
-1266.61
-1090.87

1209. 36
1228. 59

5.
1196. 57
-25.99
-1600.67

1183. 77
1210. 46
-1913.29

1170. 95
-2374.52

1192. 67
1156. 40

-57.60
1175. 26
1141. 51
-46.31
-1122.11

1126. 57
1158. 25
-147.04

14
1141. 67 1111. 59
1096. 56
-1155.83
-972.61

18.
-33.84

1081. 49
-1025.22

1125. 54
-1399.97
-1208.42

-126.08
1066. 37
-28.54
-1554.66

1109. 89
1051. 21
-1856.16

1036. 01
-2327.96

1094. 76

-74.34
1080. 1020. 76
-1060.48

15
-48.69

29
1005. 46
-152.55

1066.
11 990. 12
-908.86

30.
-1097.51

1047.
974. 74
-962.46

-36.17

83
-1352.05
-1153.28

-130.18
1025. 959. 32
-31.24
-1511.08

92
943. 85
-1800.06

1004.

-92.00
928. 34
-2281.11

73
-1001.82

78
912. 59
-158.54

-51.12

984. 31
-848.44

892. 47

41.
964.
-1042.29
-902.73

74 872. 21
-38.57
-1307.12
-1101.34

946.

-134.33
08 851. 81
-34.12
-1469.90

-110.58
831. 26

-1745.03
928.
-1745.03
-2233.90

40 810. 55

69
-946.25

-164.87
-791.53

911.
-53.57

789. 69

52.
77
-846.15

-990.33

896. 768. 65
1347. 52 1345. 88 1344. 16 1342. 36
-1052.77

28
1340. 49
-41.05

747. 46
-1265.23

1338. 54
1358. 84
1336. 51

-138.55
1346. 89 1352. 90
1334. 41
1340. 82

-130.07
1332. 22
1328. 49 1334. 68
882. 1329. 95 1326. 31
-37.17
-1431.08

1315. 96 1322. 25 726. 09

1318. 65

-1691.11
1309. 63
1310. 93
00
-1691.11

1303. 27
1303. 16

13
1295. 34
-893.92

1296. 89
-171.47
-738.30

704. 57
-2186.28

1290. 48
869. 1284. 05 1287. 46 1279. 53 1271. 55

63.
1277. 62
-56.04
-792.84

02
1263. 52
1271. 18 682. 89
1255. 43
-941.78

1264. 75
857. 1258. 32 1247. 29 1239. 11 661. 08
1230. 87
41 1251. 92
-1007.71

1222. 58
-43.61
-1226.40

1245. 54
639.

-150.47
-142.82
1214. 25
1232. 21
847. 1205. 87 17
-40.43

1218. 57
-1394.56
-688.89

1197. 44

18

-1638.31
25 1205. 14
617.
-178.27
-844.97

1186. 92
-1638.31

19
-2138.18

1191. 96
1174. 64

73.
-742.90

838.
1162. 32
1179. 05
595.
-58.49

61 1149. 97 20
-896.81

1166. 42
1137. 58
1125. 16 573.
1154. 11
831.
-966.31

28

-171.78
1112. 71
1142. 14
57
-46.24
-1190.64

-147.17
1100. 22
-643.52

551.
1130. 53

86
1087. 70
-43.91
-185.24
-1360.27
-799.54

55
826.

-1586.69
1075. 15
1119. 30
-1586.69

17
-696.44

82.
1062. 58
-2089.55

1108. 48
542.
-60.85

822. 1098. 10 1049. 97 66

-855.59

47 1037. 34
536.

-194.00
1088. 16
1024. 68
-928.72
-604.74

1078.
1012. 00 26
-1157.92

-48.96

820. 70

-151.57
-192.40

89
1069.
999. 31
-757.78

-47.62

51 73
531.
-1328.09
-653.51

-1536.27
986. 60
-1536.27

91.
1061.
83
-2038.76

27
820. 1053. 971. 87
-63.13
-818.29

31 34 956. 43 529.

-217.12
-572.34

1045.
97 940. 94 06
-895.07

815.

65
1033. 925. 41
-51.76
-199.77
-1128.17

-156.05
89
527.
76
-719.85
-614.41

99.
909. 83
-51.58

1019.
-1297.92

64

-1487.07
30
-1487.07

806. 894. 22
-1974.30

1005.
878. 55
-65.63

29 74
527.
-785.09
-545.82

-241.13

47
993. 862. 85
797. 13 28
-865.47

-207.42

847. 09

105.
981.
-1101.33

27
-54.64

-160.60
-685.91
-588.00

527.
56
831. 29
-55.82
-1269.62

73

-1439.14
788. 971.
-1439.14

08 815. 45
-1910.32

90

17
-68.35
-524.58

-266.04
-756.16

961. 799. 56
76 528.

109.
-215.43

781. 783. 62 80
-840.01

953.
-567.26

25
-656.18

67

-165.23
-57.61

767. 63
-1077.27

530.
-60.34

946.
-1243.05

90
774. 751. 59

-1392.50
34
86
-1392.50

1136. 71
-507.95

39
1134. 35
-1846.84

-286.48
1131. 90 1129. 34 735. 50
-71.33

110.
941.
1126. 69
-731.69

40 1123. 93 1121. 07 532.

719.
-223.94

1118. 11 1115. 04 1111. 87 36

768.
24
-818.74

937. 1107. 65
-551.52

1100. 39 698.
1137. 84 1139. 23
-630.85

40 1134. 61
33 1093. 07 66
1131. 30

-170.07
1127. 92
-60.74
-1055.65

1124. 47
1120. 96 1085. 67
1078. 69
-65.58

92
677.
1117. 39
535.
1114. 02
934. 1071. 74 85
-1215.29

-1345.13
764. 1110. 94
1064. 74
-1345.13
-493.69

87 1107. 90
12

-296.21
102. 1104. 91 1057. 67
659.
-1780.33

04
1050. 55
-76.98

1101. 98
-229.62
-707.33

934. 1043. 37 33
1099. 12
46 1036. 14
1096. 33
763. 641. 539.
1093. 64
1028. 85
-793.23
-536.30

14 1021. 50 85 44
-604.47

1091. 04
10 935.

-178.56
1014. 10
-67.55

1088. 56
-1025.65

625.
79. 40
-73.58

1006. 65 51
1086. 18
999. 14 542.

-1294.69
-1181.05
-479.55

-301.83
1082. 23
-1294.69

763. 937.
610.
-233.31

991. 58 82
-85.55

1076. 94
-1710.13
-682.34

69
39
57 83
982. 28
1071. 88
55. 971. 22
-522.78

1067. 04
596.
941.
545.
-768.74
-587.21

766. 30 960. 15 56
1062. 45
27

-187.05
-74.55

949. 09
-997.31

1058. 12
31
-81.93

43 946. 938. 04 584.

-307.92
1054. 06
-237.53
-467.54

09

-1245.40