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Autores: Danaher J.
Document: Artigo
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Abstract
Os valores humanos parecem variar de acordo com o tempo e o espaço. Que implicações isso
tem para o futuro do valor humano? Será que nossos descendentes humanos e (talvez) pós-
humanos terão valores muito diferentes dos nossos? Podemos estudar o futuro dos valores
humanos de forma perspicaz e sistemática? Este artigo faz três contribuições para o debate
sobre o futuro dos valores humanos. Em primeiro lugar, argumenta que o estudo sistemático
dos valores futuros é necessário tanto em si quanto em si mesmo e um complemento
importante para outras investigações orientadas para o futuro. Em segundo lugar, apresenta
uma metodologia e um conjunto de métodos para a realização deste estudo. Terceiro, dá uma
ilustração prática de como este 'futurismo axiológico' pode se parecer, desenvolvendo um
modelo do espaço de possibilidade axiológica que os seres humanos provavelmente irão
navegar ao longo das próximas décadas. © 2021 The Author(s)
DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511550997
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Alexander J.M.
Abstract
Prominence percentile
60.734 Prominence is an indicator that show the current momentum of a Topic. It is calculated
by weighing 3 metrics for publications grouped in a Topic: Citation Count, Scopus Views and
Average Citescore.
a The Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
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With the rapid development of artificial intelligence have come concerns about how machines
will make moral decisions, and the major challenge of quantifying societal expectations about
the ethical principles that should guide machine behaviour. To address this challenge, we
deployed the Moral Machine, an online experimental platform designed to explore the moral
dilemmas faced by autonomous vehicles. This platform gathered 40 million decisions in ten
languages from millions of people in 233 countries and territories. Here we describe the results
of this experiment. First, we summarize global moral preferences. Second, we document
individual variations in preferences, based on respondents’ demographics. Third, we report
cross-cultural ethical variation, and uncover three major clusters of countries. Fourth, we show
that these differences correlate with modern institutions and deep cultural traits. We discuss
how these preferences can contribute to developing global, socially acceptable principles for
machine ethics. All data used in this article are publicly available. © 2018, Springer Nature
Limited.
MeSH
Accidents, Traffic; Artificial Intelligence; Data Collection; Decision Making; Female; Harm
Reduction; Humans; Internationality; Internet; Male; Morals; Motor Vehicles; Pedestrians;
Public Opinion; Robotics; Translating
adult; article; ethics; human; language; machine; morality; artificial intelligence; decision
making; ethics; female; harm reduction; information processing; international cooperation;
Internet; male; motor vehicle; pedestrian; procedures; public opinion; robotics; traffic
accident; translating (language)
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Prominence percentile
98.054Prominence is an indicator that show the current momentum of a Topic. It is calculated
by weighing 3 metrics for publications grouped in a Topic: Citation Count, Scopus Views and
Average Citescore.
Abstract
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5. The nature of degrowth: Theorising the core of nature for the degrowth
movement
Heikkurinen P.
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This article investigates human–nature relations in the light of the recent call for degrowth, a
radical reduction of matter–energy throughput in over-producing and over-consuming
cultures. It outlines a culturally sensitive response to a (conceived) paradox where humans
embedded in nature experience alienation and estrangement from it. The article finds that if
nature has a core, then the experienced distance makes sense. To describe the core of nature,
three temporal lenses are employed: the core of nature as ‘the past’, ‘the future’, and ‘the
present’. It is proposed that while the degrowth movement should be inclusive of temporal
perspectives, the lens of the present should be emphasised to balance out the prevailing
romanticism and futurism in the theory and practice of degrowth. © 2020 The White Horse
Press.
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De Waal A.
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Attempts to convey the urgency of the climate crisis often rely on the figure of the child. From
Greta Thunberg via school-striking students to the grandchildren invoked in the titles of
bestselling books about global warming, appearances of children seem especially effective in
protesting the loss of a habitable planet. The iconic child that needs saving (or becomes the
planet's saviour) is equally prominent in British plays about climate change. Drawing on queer
critiques of the conceptual short circuit between the child and the future, this article identifies
two waves of UK eco-theatre: the first wave endorses hetero-nuclear family bonds and future-
oriented thinking; the second wave traces alternative relations to nonhuman, ageing, or ailing
Others in the present. The first part of the article revisits critiques of reproductive futurism;
the second examines the straight ecologies that characterise the first wave of eco-theatre,
based on a detailed analysis of Duncan Macmillan's play Lungs (Studio Theatre, Washington,
DC/Sheffield Crucible, 2011). The final part considers climate-change plays that sever
reproductive timelines, as exemplified by Caryl Churchill's Escaped Alone, Lucy Kirkwood's The
Children, and Stef Smith's Human Animals (all Royal Court, 2016). © 2021 Walter de Gruyter
GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
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O'Reilly J.
Research, Teaching and Learning Exchange, University of the Arts London, United Kingdom
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As Walter Mignolo suggests in The Darker Side of Western Modernity, ‘the illusion that
Western Civilization could create the problem and solve it is facing its limits’. In the discursive
move from Foresight to Anticipation - and by discursive, I mean rhetorical, theoretical and
commercial - there is an opportunity to anticipate the past and future of this transition.
Anticipation can move beyond what I call the ‘Corporate Imagination’ of the futures industry,
and what Mark Dery calls ‘the unreal estate of the future already owned by the technocrats,
futurologists, streamliners, and set-designers - white to a man.' The emerging discipline of
anticipation will need to include methods such as Foucault’s Genealogy, or what Nietzsche
called wirkliche Historie (effective history) to crack open occulted forms of knowledge
production. These occulted forms of knowledge production of the future include the
seamstresses who made the spacesuit for astronauts landing on the moon, to the community
futures of Black Quantum Futurism’s Black Space Agency. Anticipation will require stitching
together the material of a new chronopolitics as an emergency response to time broken by
injustices. This anticipatory chronopolitics involves practices of the ‘other-wise’ that deviate
time, to save future-space from being already occupied and colonized by the corporate
imagination and its imperial avant-garde. © 2021 selection and editorial matter, Jamie Brassett
and John O’Reilly.
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In this article, we offer a description of and reflection on our 2019 ‘creating alternate worlds’
course as a model for critical making in twenty-first-century higher education. Open to arts and
humanities undergraduate students interested in creative research, our course used world
building as a central approach to imagining alternatives. We found that explicitly centring Black
and Indigenous perspectives helped support non-dominant students in their striving to realize
possibilities beyond settler colonial visions of the future. We share our position in relation to
decolonization and decolonizing pedagogies before describing the course at a high level and
through an in-depth case study of an author’s research project. Our analysis of the course is
presented via three axiological allegiances and three performa-tive pragmatics. By discussing
our political stance and a conceptual innovation that we term, ‘transcosmic potentials’, we
conclude with insights for fellow educa-tors. This pluriversal learning community opened a
multiplicity of ‘portals’ to heterogeneous worlds, each with the power to fundamentally and
forever alter all who pass through. © 2021 Intellect Ltd Article. English language.
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Office of Research
Simpson Center for the Humanities, Undergraduate Academic Affairs, Summer Quarter
Funding text
We wish to thank all of those who contributed to the success of ?creating alternate worlds?:
Mary Lidstrom, Carrie Harwood, Ed Taylor, Janice DeCosmo, Kathleen Woodward, Jennifer
Harris, Rachel Arteaga, Jessica Salvador, Annabel Cholico, Christine Muongchanh, Juandalyn
Burke, Grecia Leal Pardo and all others who have contributed to this course. We wish to give
special appreciation to Professor Ed Chang, Professor Afroditi Psarra and Professor Megan
Bang and thanks to the Mary Gates Endowment for Students for support and encouragement
of undergraduates in research. We also express appreciation for sponsorship of this
programme to the Undergraduate Research Program, the Simpson Center for the Humanities,
Undergraduate Academic Affairs, Summer Quarter and the Office of Research. Special thanks
to Artefact, Pacific Bonsai Museum, School of Art + Art History + Design, Human Centered
Design and Engineering and Comparative History of Ideas. Most importantly, we would like to
thank all twenty ...
Wallis K.,Ross M.
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Indigenous creators are currently using virtual reality (VR) tools, techniques and workflows in
wide-ranging geographical locations and across multiple VR formats. Their radical adaptation
of this new technology folds together cultural traditions and VR’s unique audiovisual
configurations to resist dominant, particularly colonial, frameworks. Within this context, we
ask how VR is being used to create space and capacity for Indigenous creatives to tell their
stories and how do Indigenous creatives negotiate Eurocentric modes of production and
distribution? To answer these questions, our Fourth VR database provides a snapshot of
Indigenous VR works. By drawing on three case studies drawn from the database – The Hunt
(2018), Future Dreaming (2019) and Crow: The Legend (2018) – as well as the wider patterns
emerging across the database, it is possible to see an Indigenous-centred VR production
framework. This framework is diverse but also contains repeated trends such as the ability to
use VR to express and realize Indigenous Futurism; foreground native languages in virtual
worlds; provide new articulations of Indigenous activism; embody connections between the
past, present and future and demonstrate the interconnectivity of all living things. In turn, this
growing body of work, engaging with the full spectrum of VR formats and tools, provides a rich
contribution to the wider arena of VR practice. © The Author(s) 2020.
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10. Homo animalis, a Japanese Futurism A Dialogue between Hiroki Azuma and Yuk
Hui
Review
Source type
Journal
ISSN
00318256
DOI
10.5840/philtoday2021412395
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a Genron
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In this dialogue, Hiroki Azuma discusses with Yuk Hui about the perception of technology in
Japan after the defeat in the Second World War, from the Kyoto School to the postmodern
critics, and the ambivalent conflicts between the modern and the tradition. The postmodern
culture has a different signification in Japan than in the West as well as in other parts of Asia.
Azuma documents the rise of the Otaku culture in Japan, and calls them “database animals,” a
thesis that he formulated through his reading of Alexandre Kojève's end of man and the
absorption of the human subject into the technological world. © Philosophy Today
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Cyberpunk; Database animals; End of the human; Futurism; Japanese philosophy; Otaku
culture
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11. For a strategic primitivism a dialogue between eduardo Viveiros de Castro and
Yuk Hui
Philosophy TodayVolume 65, Issue 2, Pages 391 - 400Spring 2021
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In this dialogue with Yuk Hui, Eduardo Viveiros de Castro discusses his work on the Amerindian
perspectivism, multinaturalism; the relation between nature, culture and technics in his
ethnographic studies; as well as the necessity of a non-anthropocentric definition of
technology. He also discusses a haunting futurism of ecological crisis and automation of the
Anthropocene, and explores a “strategic primitivism” as survival tool. © Philosophy Today
Author keywords
Anthropocene; Ethnography; Futurism; Multiculturalism; Multinaturalism; Non-human;
Perspectivism
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12. The king was pregnant: Reproductive ethics and transgender pregnancy
Article
Source type
Journal
ISSN
19374585
DOI
10.3138/IJFAB-14.1.06
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Drouillard J.
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Using Ursula K. Le Guin's The Left Hand of Darkness as an inspirational backdrop, a novel
whose story unfolds on a genderless planet that nevertheless relies on reproductive sex for the
sake of generativity, this paper tackles the sex/gender debate, its entanglements with
procreation, and its consequences for transgender pregnancies. More specifically, I analyze
three issues that pose barriers to thinking about a more inclusive reproductive ethics: state-
sanctioned sterilization, nonreproductive futurism, and access to assisted reproductive
technology. © IJFAB: International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics 2021
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13. With applied creativity, we can heal": Permaculture and indigenous futurism at Santa
Clara Pueblo
The Routledge Companion to Contemporary Art, Visual Culture, and Climate ChangePages 311
- 32126 February 2021
"
Badoe W.,Boamah F.
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Century old art movements have become relevant in modern art especially in conceptual art to
address societal issues. Ghana is confronted with sanitation issues of which government
interventions have proved futile in dealing with the situation. This art studio experimental
study explored the philosophy concept of futurism through conceptual textile art towards
sanitation improvement in Ghana. The Studio-Based research approach was employed with
adoption of Aesthetico-Action Research model in generating the results. The results revealed
that conceptual textile art could be used as a communicative tool through the concept of
futurism as the driving force. The results proved the possibility of using textiles waste to depict
scenery that by conventions could only be well illustrated by painting. Exploration of major
waste materials such as plastics, fabric remnants, papers, etc., through the concept of reuse is
recommended to reduce their negative impacts on the environment. © 2021 Chulalongkorn
University, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts. All rights reserved.
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ISSN 10269452
DOI 10.31857/S102694520014855-1
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Umnova-Konyukhova I.A.a, b
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The article presents a systematic view of the author's idea of a new legal science-constitutional
futurology and a new Institute of law – constitutional futurism. The author emphasizes the
relevance of the topic in the context of global changes. The complexity of legal regulation on
the background of global structural changes in the life of people, social and political
communities in the era of modern technology actualized the prognostic tasks of legal science.
Proceeding from the logic of the study from the general to the particular, the first part of the
article is devoted to the consideration of the concepts of legal futurology and futuristic law,
determining their place in legal science and the system of law. It is proved that the overall
paradigm determines law constitutional futurology, which is like a sub sector of the legal
futurology is responsible for the formation of the constitutional space based on fundamental
constitutional matrix of legal development, i. e. the constitution which adequately serve the
needs of objective civilizational progress at the level of states and the international
community. Constitutional futurology predetermines the development of constitutional
futurism – as a special inter-sectoral institution of futuristic law and Constitutional Law,
ensuring progressive constitutional development. The second part deals with the subject and
objectives of constitutional futurology. Constitutional futurology in the author's understanding
is a branch of legal science, the subject of which is knowledge about the future of
constitutional development, that is, the trends, forecasts, strategies and tactics of
constitutional development. The subject of constitutional futurology predetermines the need
to solve certain theoretical and practical problems, which are formulated in this article. The
third part reveals the trends of constitutional development as a key subject of constitutional
futurology. According to the author, within the framework of constitutional futurology it is
necessary to analyze such trends of constitutional development as the transformation of the
concept of the constitution; expansion of the subject of constitutional regulation; convergence
of constitutional and international public relations; internationalization of the constitution and
the emergence of the phenomenon of global constitutionalism; formation of constitutional
axiology; moralization of the constitution; humanization and socialization of constitutions; the
emergence of new doctrines of the constitutional ideal based on constitutional compromise in
the crisis of liberal-democratic and other existing doctrines of the constitution. The fourth part
highlights the key aspects of constitutional futurism as a new intersectoral institute of
futuristic law and constitutional law, designed to model a system of principles and norms
governing relations for the implementation of the forecast, the development of strategies and
tactics of constitutional development, the creation of procedural and institutional mechanisms
to ensure the effectiveness of the constitution and further constitutional processes. In
conclusion, it is concluded that constitutional futurology and constitutional futurism allow to
create a kind of road map to enhance the regulatory role of not only the constitution, but also
the law as a whole, to create benchmarks for progress. © 2021, Russian Academy of Sciences.
All rights reserved.
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Journal
ISSN
17549175
DOI
10.1080/17549175.2021.1944283
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Journal of Urbanism2021
Pojani D.,Alidoust S.
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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This article recounts a study of media predictions on the future of cities, post-pandemic. From
a theoretical perspective, we consider discourse and storytelling (written, oral, or visual) as
crucial public policy and planning tools. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of more
than 110 media articles from more than 60 sources, which appeared online and/or in print
between March and May 2020. We find that the media has played the role of both Kassandra
and Pollyanna. Some prophecies have spelled doom and gloom whereas others have
envisioned a brighter urban future. The value of the study is in establishing a baseline of
“urban prophecies” formulated by the media. These can be revisited in the future to find out
whether they were realistic. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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