3ª Lista de Exercícios – Cálculo III (MA3S3)

1) Calcule as integrais:
x 2 +x+1
a) ∫ dx
√x
x2 x 1
❑=∫ dx+∫ dx+∫ dx
√x √x √x
❑=∫ x (2−1/ 2) dx+∫ x (1−1/2) dx+∫ x (0−1/2) dx
❑=∫ x 3 /2 dx+∫ x 1 /2 dx+∫ x−1/ 2 dx
x 5 /2 x 3/ 2 x 1 /2
❑= + + +C
(5/2) (3/2) (1/ 2)
5
2 2 2 3/2
❑= x + x +2 √ x+C
5 3

b) ∫ 2x +3e x dx
❑=∫ 2 x−1+3e x dx
❑=2 ln∣x∣+3e x +C
❑=ln( x 2 )+3 e x+C
π
c) ∫0 t sin t dt
Usando a integração por partes:
u=t → du=dt
dv=sin t dt → v=−cos t
t=π π t=π u=π
❑=[−t cos t ]t=0−∫0 −cos u du=[−t cos t ]t=0 −[−sin u ]u=0
❑=−π cos π−0 cos 0+sin π−sin 0=π
d) ∫ sin x cos 2 x dx
Vamos usar a seguinte igualdade trigonométrica:
sin (a−b)+sin (a−b)
sin (a)cos(b)=
2
❑=∫ [sin (x−2 x)+sin ( x+2 x)
2 ]
dx
1
❑= ∫ [ sin (−x)+sin (3 x) ] dx
2
1
[
❑= cos( x)−
2 3 ]
cos(3 x)
+C

e) ∫ sin 2 t cos3 2 t dt
 ❑=∫ [sin (t )cos(2t )]2 cos (2 t)dt
2

❑=∫ [ sin (t +2t)+sin(t−2 t )

2 ] cos(2t ) dt
1 2
❑= ∫ [ sin (3 t )−sin (t) ] cos (2 t)dt
4
Usando a integração por partes:
2
u=[ sin (3 t )−sin (t ) ] → du=2 [ sin (3 t)−sin (t) ] [3 cos(3 t )−cos (t)]dt
du=[6 sin (3t )cos(3t )−2sin (3 t )cos(t )−6sin (t )cos (3t )+sin (t)cos(t )] dt
1
du= [6sin (6 t )−2sin (4t )−2sin (2t)−6 sin (4 t)+6sin (2 t)+2sin (2t )]dt
2
du=[3sin (6 t )−4 sin(4 t)+3 sin(2t)]dt
(2t )
dv=cos(2t)dt → v=sin
2
2 sin (2 t)
uv=[ sin (3 t )−sin (t) ]
2
sin (2 t)
uv=[ sin 2(3t)−2sin (3 t)sin (t)+sin 2 (t) ]
2
sin (2 t )
uv=[−cos (6t)+2cos(4t )−3cos (2 t )+2 ]
4
1
uv= [−sin (8t)+2sin (6 t )−2sin (4t )+2 sin (2 t ) ]
8
Fazendo a outra parte:
∫ v du=∫ sin 2(2 t) [3 sin(6t )−4 sin(4 t )+3 sin(2t)]dt
Vamos usar a seguinte igualdade trigonométrica:
cos (a−b)−cos (a+b)
sin (a)sin(b)=
2
∫ v du= 14 ∫ [3cos (4 t)−3cos(8 t )−4cos(2t )+4cos(6 t )+3cos(0)−3cos(4t )] dt
∫ v du= 14 ∫ [−3cos(8t )+4cos(6 t)−4cos(2 t )+3]dt
1 −3 2
❑= [ sin (8t )+ sin (6 t)−2sin (2 t)+3t ]
4 8 3
Assim, combinando os dois termos (e lembrando da constante antes da integral):
1 1 −3 2
∫ sin t cos3 2 t dt = [−sin(8 t )+2 sin(6 t )−2 sin (4 t )+2 sin( 2 t )]− [ sin (8 t)+ sin (6 t)−2sin (2 t)+3t]+C
2
32 16 8 3

❑=
1
32 [ 3 4
−sin (8t)+2sin (6 t )−2sin (4t )+2sin (2 t)+ sin (8t)− sin (6 t)+4sin (2t)−6t +C
4 3 ]
❑=
1 −1
32 4 [ 2
sin (8t)+ sin (6 t )−2sin (4 t)+6sin (2 t)−6t +C
3 ]
1
❑= [−3sin (8 t)+8sin (6 t)−24 sin(4 t)+72sin(2t)−72t ]+C
384
 x 2 +12 x+12
f) ∫ x3−4 x dx
Utilizando frações parciais, podemos escrever:
x 2+12 x+12 A B C A( x 2−4)+ B( x 2+2 x)+C ( x 2−2 x)
= + + =
x 3−4 x x x−2 x+2 x 3−4x
A+ B+C =1 A=−3
2B−2C=12 → B=5
−4A=12 C =−1

x 2 +12 x+12
∫ x3−4 x dx=∫ −3 + [
5
−
x x−2 x+2
1 1
]
dx=−3∫ dx+5∫
x
1
x−2
dx−∫
1
x+2
dx

( x−2)5
❑=−3 ln∣x∣+5 ln∣x−2∣−ln∣x+2∣+C=ln 4
x +2x3
+C
∣ ∣
2) Determine a área das regiões sombreadas:

b)
a) 2
π
∫0 [2−(1+cos x)] dx ∫− 2 [ x 2−( x 4−2x 2)]dx
π 2
❑=∫0 (1−cos x)dx ❑=∫−2 [ x 2− x 4+2 x 2 ]dx
π π 2
❑=∫0 dx−∫0 cos x dx
π
❑= [ x+sin x ]0 [ ]
❑= x −3x5
5 −2
( π+sin π )−( 0+sin 0) =π
[ ][ ]
5 5
2 (−2)
❑= 2 − − (−2)3−
3
5 5
32 16
❑=2(8− )=
5 5
 d)

−2 1
c) ∫−3 [ x 2−4−(−x 2−2 x)]dx+∫−2 [−x 2−2 x−( x 2−4)]dx
0 1 −2 1
∫−π4 (2−sec2 x)dx +∫0 [2−(1−x 2)]dx ❑=∫−3 [2x 2−4+2 x] dx+∫−2 [−2x 2−2 x+4 ]dx
x=−2 x=1

[ ] [ ]
0 0 2 1 1 2 2 3 −2 3 2
❑=∫−π 2 dx−∫−π sec x dx+∫0 dx+∫0 x dx ❑= x −4x+ x 2 + x −x +4 x
4 4 3 x=−3 3 x=−2
1 1
❑= π +tan −π +1+ = π +
2 4 ( )
3 2 3
2
[ ][ 2
❑= (−8)+8+4 − (−27)+12+9
3 3 ]
+
−2
3 [
−1+4 −][ −2
3
(−8)−4−8 ]
20 7 −20 38
❑=[ ]−[3]+[ ]−[ ]=
3 3 3 3