1

Lista 1 - Limites

1. Considere a função f (x) dada na Figura 1 e determine:

(a) lim f (x) (c) lim f (x) (e) lim f (x)
x→1− x→1 x→−∞
(b) lim f (x) (d) f (1) (f) lim f (x)
x→1+ x→+∞

y
y

Figura 1: Ex. 1 Figura 2: Ex. 2

2. Considere a função f (x) dada na Figura 2 e determine:

(a) lim f (x) (e) lim f (x)
−
x→−2 x→2−
(b) lim f (x) (f) lim f (x) (i) lim f (x)
x→−∞
x→−2+ x→2+
(c) lim f (x) (g) lim f (x) (j) lim f (x)
x→2 x→+∞
x→−2
(d) f (−2) (h) f (2)

3. Considere a função f (x) dada na Figura 3 e determine:

(a) lim f (x) (c) lim f (x) (e) lim f (x)
x→0− x→0 x→−∞
(b) lim f (x) (d) f (0) (f) lim f (x)
x→0+ x→+∞

Figura 3: Ex. 3 Figura 4: Ex. 4

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4. Considere a função f (x) dada na Figura 4 e determine:

(a) lim f (x) (c) lim f (x) (e) lim f (x)
x→2− x→2 x→−∞
(b) lim f (x) (d) f (2) (f) lim f (x)
x→2+ x→+∞

5. Considere a função f (x) dada na Figura 5 e determine:

(a) lim f (x) (c) lim f (x) (e) lim f (x)
x→−1− x→−1 x→−∞
(b) lim f (x) (d) f (−1) (f) lim f (x)
x→−1+ x→+∞

x
x

Figura 5: Ex. 5 Figura 6: Ex. 6 e 7

6. Considere a função f (x) dada na Figura 6.

(a) Para quais valores de x0 ∈ R existe lim f (x)? Justifique.

x→x0
(b) Para quais valores de x0 ∈ R f (x) é contínua? Justifique.

7. Seja f (x) a função representada na Figura 6 e g(x) representada na Figura 7.

y

Figura 7: Ex. 7

Determine:
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(a) lim (f + g)(x) (h) lim (f + g)(x) (o) lim (f + g)(x)

x→−9 x→0− x→4−
(b) (f + g)(−9) (i) lim (f + g)(x) (p) lim (f + g)(x)
  x→0+ x→4+
g (j) lim (f + g)(x)
(c) lim (x) x→0 (q) lim (f + g)(x)
x→−9 f x→4
  (k) (f + g)(0) (r) (f + g)(4)
g  
(d) (−9) g (s) lim (f + g)(x)
f (l) lim (x) x→+∞
x→0 − f
(e) lim (f − g)(x)   (t) lim (f + g)(x)
x→−4− g x→−∞
(m) lim (x)
(f) lim (f − g)(x) x→0+ f (u) lim (f · g)(x)
x→−4+   x→+∞
g
(g) lim (f − g)(x) (n) (0) (v) lim (f · g)(x)
x→−4 f x→−∞

8. Dados lim f (x) = 2, lim g(x) = −4 e lim h(x) = 0. Obtenha os limites abaixo justificando seu raciocínio
x→a x→a x→a
usando as propriedades de limites.
7g(x)
(a) lim [f (x) + 2g(x)] (c) lim [g(x)]2 (e) lim
x→a x→a x→a 2f (x) + g(x)
p
(b) lim [h(x) − 3g(x) + 1] 3
(d) lim 6 + f (x) 3f (x) − 8g(x)
x→a x→a (f) lim
x→a h(x)
9. Nos itens a seguir esboce o gráfico da função f (x) e para o valor a indicado determine lim f (x), se existir.
x→a

x3 , se x ≤ 2

(a) f (x) = , a = 2.
4 − 2x, se x > 2

5
, se x ≤ −2

(b) f (x) = − 3x
2√ , a = −2.
 1 + x + 2, se x > −2

 x2 + 2, se x ≤ 0


(c) f (x) = 2 − x, se 0 < x ≤ 1 , a = 0 e a = 1.

4 − x2 , se x > 1


 |x2 − 27|
, se x 6= 3
(d) f (x) = −6 , a = 3.
 2x−1, se x = 3

10. Calcule os limites.

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x2 − 5x + 6 x4 − 16
1. lim ; 2. lim
x→3 x−3 x→2 x − 2

t3 + 8 x2 + 6x + 5
3. lim 4. lim
t→−2 t + 2 x→−1 x2 − 3x − 4

x2 − 4x + 4 s6 − 2s3 − 5s + 1
5. lim 6. lim
x→2 x2 + x − 6 s→−∞ 4s4 − 3s
y−2
7. lim [ln (1 + x) − ln x] 8. lim
x→+∞ y→−∞ y 2 + 2y + 1
r p
3 3u2 − 4u5 5y 2 − 2
9. lim 10. lim
u→+∞ 2u7 + 1 y→−∞ y + 3

u2 − 8 2x + 8
11. lim √ 12. lim
u→−∞ 3u4 + u x→−3 x+3

s−6 4−x
13. lim 14. lim
s→6 s2 − 36 x→4 x2 − 2x − 8
√
x+4−2 10x
15. lim 16. lim √ √
x→0 x x→0 x2 +3− x+3

3x2 − 17x + 20 (2 + h)4 − 16

17. lim 18. lim
x→4 4x2 − 25x + 36 h→0 h
√ √
a2 + bt − a x2 + a2 − a
19. lim ,a>0 20. lim √ , a, b > 0
t→0 t x→a x2 + b2 − b
√ 3
√
8+h−2 3
x−1
21. lim 22. lim √
h→0√ h √ x→1 x − 1
4
3 √
x2 − 2 3 x + 1 3− 5+x
23. lim 24. lim √
x→1 (x − 1)2 x→4 1 − 5 − x
√
√ √  x x + 3x − 10
25. lim x2 + 1 − x2 − 1 26. lim
x→+∞ √ x→+∞ √ x3
x2 + 1 2
x +1
27. lim 28. lim
x→+∞ x + 1 x→−∞ x + 1

√ √  3−y
29. lim 3x2 + 2x + 1 − 2x 30. lim p
x→+∞ y→+∞ 5 + 4y 2

5x3 − x2 + x − 1
31. lim √3−y 32. lim
y→−∞ 5+4y 2 x→−∞ x4 + x − x + 1

√
3
3x + 5 − 2 |2x2 −11x+12|
33. lim 34. limx→4 x2 −16
x→1 x2 − 1
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Respostas:

1. .

(a) lim f (x) = 1 (c) lim f (x) não existe (e) lim f (x) = 0
x→1− x→1 x→−∞
(b) lim f (x) = 0 (d) f (1) = 0 (f) lim f (x) = +∞
x→1+ x→+∞

2. .

(a) lim f (x) = −5 (e) lim f (x) = −5

x→−2− x→2−
(b) lim f (x) = −5 (f) lim f (x) = −5 (i) lim f (x) = +∞
x→−∞
x→−2+ x→2+
(c) lim f (x) = −5 (g) lim f (x) = −5 (j) lim f (x) = +∞
x→2 x→+∞
x→−2
(d) f (−2) = −5 (h) f (2) = 4
3. .

(a) lim f (x) = +∞ (c) lim f (x) = +∞ (e) lim f (x) não existe
x→0− x→0 x→−∞
(b) lim f (x) = +∞ (d) f (0) não existe (f) lim f (x) não existe
x→0+ x→+∞

4. .

(a) lim f (x) = −∞ (c) lim f (x) não existe (e) lim f (x) = −∞
x→2− x→2 x→−∞
(b) lim f (x) = +∞ (d) f (2) = 0 (f) lim f (x) = +∞
x→2+ x→+∞

5. .

(a) lim f (x) = −∞ (c) lim f (x) não existe (e) lim f (x) = 2
x→−1− x→−1 x→−∞
(b) lim f (x) = 2 (d) f (−1) = 2 (f) lim f (x) = 1
x→−1+ x→+∞

6. (a) x0 ∈ R − {−4, 0} (b) x0 ∈ R − {−9, −4, 0}

7. .

(a) 0 (o) −∞
(h) 6
(b) 2 (p) −∞
(i) +∞
0 (q) −∞
(c) (indeterminação) (j) não existe
0 (r) 0, 25
(d) 0 (k) 6
(s) +∞
(e) 4 (l) 1
(t) +∞ − ∞ (indeterminação)
(f) 2 (m) 0
(u) +∞
(g) não existe (n) 1
(v) −∞
8. (a) −6 (b) 13 (c) 16 (d) 2 (e) ±∞ (f) ±∞

9. (a) lim f (x) não existe; (b) lim f (x) não existe; (c) lim f (x) não existe e lim f (x) = 2; (d) lim f (x)
x→2 x→−2 x→1 x→0 x→3
não existe.

10. .
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1. 1 2. 32
3. 12 4.− 45
5. 0 6. +∞
7. 0 8. 0 √
9. 0 √ 10. − 5
11. 33 12. ±∞
1
13. 12 14. − 16
√
15. 41 16. −20 3
17. 1 18. 32 √
b a(1− 2)
19. 2a 20. b−√a2 +b2
1
21. 12 22. 43
1
23. 9 24. − 13
25. 0 26. 0
27. 1 28. −1
29. +∞ 30.− 12
31. 12 32. 0
33. 18 34. − 11 − 11
se x → 4+
8 , se x → 4 e 8 ,