RPE 31 Parte2 Amarela

Edio especial
PARTE 2
Desenvolvimento sustentvel
Amaznia
Biodiversidade
Mudanas climticas
Pantanal e cerrado
Energias alternativas
Bioenergia
Combustveis fsseis
Mar e ambientes costeiros
Recursos hdricos e minerais
Novos padres de agricultura sustentvel
Sistemas urbanos e regionais sustentveis
Volume 15 - Nmero 31 - Dezembro 2010
ISSN 1413-9375
arcerlas
Lstrateglcas
4 Conrerncla Haclonal de Clncla, 1ecnologla e |novao
para o desenvolvlmento sustentavel (CHC1|)
Parte
Ursrnvotvitrn+o sus+rn+/vrt
Parc. Estrat. | Ed. Esp. |Braslia - DF | v. 15 | n. 31 | Parte 2 | p. 1-396 | jul-dez 2010
ISSN 1413-9315
Edio especial
Editora
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Conselho editorial
ô||+no |+t|st+ ||+s (|uno+,)
|c|t|+ |o|||m+nn |cc|c| (||||)
|ou+|oo |+umg|+tz V|ott| (Consu|to|)
|v+noo ||||+ oc |+u|+ c ||v+ (CC||)
C||o+ |+ss+|| (C Ccstio ccno|og|c+ c ^mb|cnt+|;||)
|+u|o |o||y (|n|)
||c+|oo ||c|sc|ows|y (Cc+|)
|on+|oo |ot+ +|ocnbc|g (^n+tc|)
Projeto grfico
|ou+|oo O||vc||+ | ||ogo |oo||gucs
Diagramao
C+m||+ |+|+
Reviso
^nn+ C||st|n+ oc ^|+u,o |oo||gucs
Assessoria tcnica ao projeto (CNCTI)
||coc||co |oguc||+ | ||v+n+ |+nt+s
Capa
||ogo |oo||gucs
Endereo para correspondncia
C| . ||oco ^ |o Co|o|+tc Ccntc| s+|+ o. C|| ;o;.-,oo
||+s|||+ || tc|c|oncs (o) ,:.:,ooo cm+|| co|to||+,cgcco|gb|
arcerlas Lstrateglcas - Ldlo especlal CHC1| - v., - n., - arte 2 - dezembro zoo
^ |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s c ub||c+o+ scmcst|+|mcntc c|o Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||) c tcm o| ||n|+ co|to||+| o|vu|g+|
c ocb+tc| tcm+s n+s +|c+s oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io (C|) ||st||bu|io g|+tu|t+ ||+gcm .ooo cxcm|+|cs ||son|vc| c|ct|on|c+mcntc cm
|ttwwwcgcco|gb|;+|cc||+s
O Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||) c um+ +ssoc|+io c|v|| scm ||ns |uc|+t|vos c oc |ntc|cssc ub||co u+||||c+o+ como O|g+n|z+io
oc|+| c|o cxccut|vo b|+s||c||o sob + suc|v|sio oo ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ Const|tu|-sc cm |nst|tu|io oc |c|c|cnc|+ +|+ o suo|tc
cont|n|o +os |occssos oc tom+o+ oc occ|sio sob|c o||t|c+s c |og|+m+s oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io (C|) ^ +tu+io oo Ccnt|o cst+ con-
ccnt|+o+ n+s +|c+s oc |osccio +v+||+io cst|+tcg|c+ |n|o|m+io c o||usio oo con|cc|mcnto
|st+ co|io o+ |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s co||csonoc + um+ o+s mct+s oo Cont|+to oc Ccstio CC||;|C;.o+o
|+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s nio sc |csons+b|||z+ o| |oc|+s cm|t|o+s cm +|t|gos +ss|n+oos | c|m|t|o+ + |c|oouio c +|m+zcn+mcnto oos tcxtos
ocsoc uc c|t+o+ + |ontc
|oessc eo .oo
Presidenta
|uc|+ C+|v+||o ||nto oc |c|o
Diretor executivo
|+|c|o oc |||+no+ +ntos
Diretores
^nton|o C+||os |||guc||+ C+|v+o
|c|n+noo Cosmc ||zzo ^ssunio
Conselho de Administrao CGEE
|+|co ^nton|o |+u (||cs|ocntc)
^|ysson |+o||nc||| (C|^)
C+||os ^ ^|+gio oc C+|v+||o ||||o (Cn)
C+||os ^|bc|to ||bc||o oc X+v|c| (||C)
C+||os ^mc||co |+c|cco (|c|cs oos +ssoc|+oos)
C|cmcntc C+nz |uc|o (||ccsc)
|oson |c|m+nn (cb|+c)
|ou+|oo |o+cy| |||cgc| (^|C)
||+ncc||no |+my oc |||+no+ C|+noo (|||C)
|ndexada em. |+t|nocx ||CO ub||s||ng b|b||otcc+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s o+s |nst|tu|ocs ||c||g+n |n|vc|s|ty |+|y|+no |n|vc|s|ty |n|vc|s|tc ou
ucbcc w|nbu|nc |n|vc|s|ty o| cc|no|ogy |c|+w+|c t+tc |n|vc|s|ty |+t|on+| |c|cnsc |n|vc|s|ty +n |osc t+tc |n|vc|s|ty |n|vc|s|ty o|
\|scons|n-\||tcw+tc| u+||||c+o+ no u+||s;C+cs
Cu|||c|mc ^|y ||ons|| (^n|otcc)
|s+ ^ssc| oos +ntos (^b|t|)
|o|gc |u|s ||co|+s ûoy (|o|o)
|+|+c| |ucc|cs| (Cn|)
|u|s |+nuc| |cbc|o |c|n+nocs (||nc)
|u|z ^nton|o |oo||gucs |||+s (|C)
|+||+ ^ngc|+ oo |cgo |+||os (^nc|)
|+||o |cto |o|gcs (Con|+)
|cnc c|xc||+ |+||c||+(Conscct|)
|+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s ; Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos v 1 n
1 (m+|o 1o) v 1 n (sct 1c) n o (m+| 1) ||+s|||+ Ccnt|o
oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+
1o-1c 1-
v 1 n !1 (,u|-ocz .010)
cmcst|+|
||141!-!
1 |o||t|c+ c govc|no - ||+s|| . |nov+io tccno|og|c+ 1 Ccnt|o oc
Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos n ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+
C|| !.!o(c1)(0)
Secretrio geral da CNCTI
|u|z |+v|oov|c|
Comisso Organizadora
^|C ^c+ocm|+ ||+s||c||+ oc C|cnc|+s
^||| ^gcnc|+ ||+s||c||+ oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto |noust||+|
^b|t| ^ssoc|+io ||+s||c||+ o+s |nst|tu|ocs oc |csu|s+ ccno|og|c+
^bong ^ssoc|+io ||+s||c||+ oc O|g+n|z+ocs |io-Covc|n+mcnt+|s
^b|ucm - ^ssoc|+io ||+s||c||+ oos |c|to|cs o+s |n|vc|s|o+ocs |st+ou+|s c |un|c|+|s
^no||cs - ^ssoc|+io |+c|on+| oos ||||gcntcs o+s |nst|tu|ocs |coc|+|s oc |ns|no uc||o|
^nc| - ^ssoc|+io |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+ c |cscnvo|v|mcnto o+s |m|cs+s |nov+oo|+s
^||C ^ss |+c|on+| oos |os-C|+ou+noos
^n|otcc - ^ssoc|+io |+c|on+| oc |nt ||omoto|+s oc |m|ccno|mcntos |nov+oo|cs
|||| - |+nco |+c|on+| oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto |conom|co c oc|+|
C+cs - Coo|ocn+io oc ^c||c|o+mcnto oc |csso+| oc ||vc| uc||o|
CCC| (Cm+|+ oos |cut+oos) - Com|ssio oc C|cnc|+ ccno|og|+ Comun|c+io c |n|o|m+t|c+
CC|| Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos
CC;|C - Consc||o |+c|on+| oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+
C|| - Con|coc|+io |+c|on+| o+ |noust||+
C|| Consc||o |+c|on+| oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto C|cnt|co c ccno|og|co
Con|+ Consc||o |+c|on+| o+s |uno+ocs |st+ou+|s oc ^m+|o |csu|s+
Conscct| Consc||o |+c|on+| oc cc|ct+||os +|+ ^ssuntos oc C|
C|ucs Consc||o oc |c|to|cs o+s |n|vc|s|o+ocs |st+ou+|s |+u||st+s
||ccsc |c+|t+mcnto |ntc|s|no|c+| oc |st+t|st|c+s c |stuoos oc|occonom|cos
|mb|++ - |m|cs+ ||+s||c||+ oc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+
||nc - ||n+nc|+oo|+ oc |stuoos c ||o,ctos
|o|tcc |o|um |+c|on+| oc Ccsto|cs oc |nov+io c |+ns|c|cnc|+ oc ccno|og|+
|o|um |+c|on+| oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+
|o|um |+c|on+| oos cc|ct+||os |un|c|+|s o+ ^|c+ oc C|
|o|o - |o|um oc ||o-|c|to|cs oc |csu|s+ c oc |os-C|+ou+io o+s ||
||C - |ov|mcnto ||+s|| Comct|t|vo
|C - ||n|stc||o o+s Comun|c+ocs
|C ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+
|| - ||n|stc||o o+ |c|cs+
|||C - ||n|stc||o oo |cscnvo|v|mcnto |noust||+ c Comc|c|o |xtc||o|
|| - ||n|stc||o oo |cscnvo|v|mcnto oc|+| c Comb+tc + |omc
||C - ||n|stc||o o+ |ouc+io
||nC - ||n|stc||o o+ Cu|tu|+
||^ - ||n|stc||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc
||| - ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c |nc|g|+
||| - ||n|stc||o o+s |c|+ocs |xtc||o|cs
||n|stc||o o+ +uoc
|ct|ob|+s;Ccncs
| |coc oc ccno|og|+ oc|+|
cb|+c c|v|o ||+s||c||o oc ô|o + ||c|o c |cucn+s |m|cs+s
cn+oo |coc|+|
oc|co+oc ||+s||c||+ +|+ o ||og|csso o+ C|cnc|+
||| |n|io |+c|on+| oos |stuo+ntcs
|ncsco |n|tco |+t|ons |ouc+t|on+| c|cnt|c +no Cu|tu|+| O|g+n|z+t|on
4 Conrerncla Haclonal de Clncla, 1ecnologla
e |novao para o desenvolvlmento sustentavel (CHC1|)
Comisso Executiva
^|bc|to |cvc|+tt| (CO||C|)
^n+ |uc|+ C+b+s (|C;C^|||)
^nton|o C+||os |+vio (|||| c ^|C|C)
ûgusto C|+g+s (|||)
C+||os O|t| |c|bct (|C;C||)
|og+| ||cc|no (C+s+ ||+s||)
|c|n+noo ||zzo (CC||)
C|+uc|us O||v+ (C||)
Cust+vo |+|ou|no (^no||cs)
||ocu oc C+st|o |o|c||+ (|C;|C|)
|oio |c|n+noo Comcs (||)
|oio c|g|o Co|oc||o (||C+|)
|osc |c|n+|oo ||v+ (||)
|c+ Cont|c| oc ||c|t+s (|C;|X|C)
|u|z |+v|oov|c| (||||)
|+|c|o \o||c|s (|||^)
|+|cos |o|m|g+ (||^|)
|+||+ ^+|cc|o+ |cvcs (|||||)
|+||+no |+|+nc (|n|c+m)
|+|||cnc Co||c+ o+ ||v+ ||c|t+s (||^)
|+|y||n |oguc||+ |c|xoto (|C;||||)
|+t|cus +|o+n|+ (|||)
|+u|o |osc |c|ct oc +nt+n+ (|C;||||)
|+|+c| |ucc|cs| (C||)
|c|n+|oo | |c||+z oc ouz+ (|C;||C)
||c+|oo C+|vio (C|||)
\+noc||cy oc ouz+ (|nmct|o)
Conselho Consultivo
C+||os ^mc||co |+c|cco (|nst|tuto oc |conom|+ o+ |n|c+m)
C+||os |cn||uc |||to C|uz (|+cs)
C+||os +ocu ||+g+ (|ct|ob|+s)
Cc|so ||nto oc |c|o (||||)
C|+uco ^nton|o |uzz| ^|b|x (||)
|osc |von||oo oo |cgo (||||)
|+cob |+||s |un|o| (^|C)
|oio C+||os |c||+z (||||)
|osc |ou+|oo C+ss|o|+to (|nst|tuto oc |conom|+ o+ ||||)
|osc ||||s ||c| ||||o (^sg+)
|+|c|o |oc|m+nn (|c+)
|+|co ^nton|o |+u (||C)
|+||+no |+|+nc (|nst|tuto oc |conom|+ o+ |n|c+m)
|co|o |+ssos (|+tu|+)
|co|o \onctsc|ows|| (C|uo ||t|+)
||v|o |omc|o oc |cmos |c||+ (C|^|)
+n|+ |+cc|+| (Cc|+n)
Equipe Tcnica do CGEE
|c|n+noo ||zzo (uc|v|sio)
||coc||co osc+no |+||cto |oguc||+ (Coo|ocn+io)
||v+n+ | ^|vcs |+nt+s (^sscsso|+)
Sumrio
Parte
15
Cincia, tecnologia e inovao condio do
desenvolvimento sustentvel da Amaznia
| 8e:na |c//oaoo 8e.e |
35
Inovao, desenvolvimento econmico e
sustentabilidade: as perspectivas do Brasil
| |eac |a 8aecs |asscs |
47
Desenvolvimento sustentvel do semirido
brasileiro
| ^'ao /a:o |ee/ao | |eac |ao:as |eoaoaes |
^'oe.c |eea ae ôaaae | |coe:c Geoaoc Ccs:a |
|coa'c :oces Csa /eoees |
61
Relatrio do seminrio preparatrio
"Desenvolvimento sustentvel: novos padres de
desenvolvimento via inovao"
| (cs Gea'ac |aòc ae |aoa |
73
Relatrio da sesso "Desenvolvimento sustentvel"
| |a ô:coc 8ae:c ae Cas:c |
Amaznia
81
Contribuies poltica de Estado de CT&I:
fundamentos, diretrizes, propostas e compromissos
para uma Amaznia sustentvel
| /a.'c ae |e:as |
97
Amaznia: cinco propostas para o prximo decnio
| âa'oe:c |as \a' |
105
Cincia, tecnologia e inovao para a sade humana
na Amaznia
| |a |'aeoaoac |eea aa :'.a |
113
Pesquisa interdisciplinar no contexto de parcerias
internacionais de C&T para o conhecimento dos
ecossistemas amaznicos
| |e:e /aoo ae c'eac | |oa C'a Gaoaaes \ea |
133
Relatrio da sesso "Amaznia"
| ^'oe:c Caacsc âaa |
Biodiversidade
143
O acesso biodiversidade antes e depois da
Conveno da Diversidade Biolgica (CDB)
149
A intrincada relao entre a conservao e a
classificao da biodiversidade: um estudo de caso
na Amaznia, com a proposta de uma agenda de
trabalho para o sculo XXI
| ^'e\aoae ^'e\c |
171
A biodiversidade brasileira como fonte de
medicamentos inovadores
| /aoce' Oac.c ae /caes |'nc |
193
Poltica de Estado de cincia tecnologia e
inovao para o desenvolvimento sustentvel
- Biodiversidade
Mudanas climticas
205
Mudanas climticas antrpicas e variaes
climticas naturais
| ^'.e / Goo |
211
O desafio das novas tecnologias de mitigao
da mudana do clima no contexto do
desenvolvimento sustentvel
| (cs |coocs Gcoa'e /ae | âaoc :ao:nac ae
O'.ea | nac ae âac /eoaes |
235
Relatrio do seminrio preparatrio "Mudanas
climticas"
| |a |oae'' |csa |
Pantanal e cerrado
243
Cerrado: o :aaec// entre a conservao e o
desenvolvimentol
| Gse'aa |aao |
251
Relatrio sesso "Pantanal e cerrado"
| |.oa aas |ces ae |aa'a Caacsc |
Energias alternativas
259
Produo sustentvel em larga escala de etanol
de cana-de-acar no Brasil
| /a.c â'c |onec |oa | /aoce' |es |oa \eae |ea' |
| |as âas:c 8aocsa Cc:e |
265
Insero do Brasil nos biocombustveis aeronuticos
| wa':e 8a:e's |
273
Relatrio da sesso "Energias alternativas e potencial
da energia solar fotovoltaica no Brasil"
| |.aac |a:ne |
Bioenergia
289
Bioenergia
| |a âas:c |c:a `caea |
293
Relatrio da sesso "Bioenergia"
| |.aac ae Gasoac |coe''es |
Combustveis fsseis
305
Desafios tecnolgicos para a indstria do
petrleo e gs
| :eeo |aa |s:e/eo |
309
Relatrio da sesso "Combustveis fsseis"
(petrleo, gs e carvo mineral)
| |eoaoac |a .ao.ao |
Mar e ambientes costeiros
317
O ambiente marinho: uma viso da marinha a
Amaznia Azul
| |'aes 8aocsa (aoc | |aa'c |eoa:c |oeo:e' `caea |
325
Subsdios para o estabelecimento de um plano
estratgico para o desenvolvimento sustentado dos
recursos minerais da Plataforma Continental Jurdica
Brasileira e rea Internacional do Atlntico Sul e
Equatorial
| |ase Gcoa'.es ae :caa |
341
Relatrio da sesso "Mar e ambientes costeiros"
| |aoc | \ea |ao |
Recursos hdricos e minerais
351
Desafios regionais, territoriais e ambientais
| C'aaac :.'a |
Novos padres de agricultura sustentvel
359
Integrao lavoura-pecuria e agrossilvopastoril
| ^',ssco |ac'oe'' |
363
Relatrio da sesso "Novos padres de agricultura
sustentvel"
| (cs Os.a'ac :aea |
373
Cincia, tecnologia e inovao e a dimenso
territorial do desenvolvimento no Brasil
| ô:coc Ca'cs | Ga'.ac |
377
| C''c Caoc'oa |o |
383
Os desafios das metrpoles poltica de cincia,
tecnologia e inovao
| |a Cesa ae Qaec |oec |
389
Relatrio da sesso "Sistemas urbanos e regionais
sustentveis"
| Ce'sc :ao:cs Ca.a'nc | |eoa:a |e'eoa aa :'.a |
Parte
Desenvolvimento
sustentvel
Parte
Uesenvolvlmento sustentavel
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|cscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|
Cincia, tecnologia e inovao condio do
desenvolvimento sustentvel da Amaznia
Bertha Koimann Becker
+tc||tc c comut+oo| sio os +|tc|+tos o+ |cvo|uio c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+ n+ m|c|oc|ct|on|c+ c

n+ comun|c+io uc |uno+mcnt+|+m + g|+noc cxcct+t|v+ oc um |utu|o m+|s |gu+||t+||o c +-
c|co +|+ + |um+n|o+oc + sc| +|c+n+oo o| um ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| (|) |+s como
+contcccu +o |ongo o+ ||sto||+ |um+n+ no |+nct+ t+| cxcct+t|v+ vcm scnoo +|o||+o+ c +|-
tc|+o+ o| |ntc|csscs cconom|cos c o||t|cos o+ |o||+ +io |um+n+
u+noo + tccno|og|+ oc s+tc||tcs c|m|t|u +o |omcm o||+| + c||+ + +|t|| oo cosmos cm outu-
b|o oc +,,; tomou-sc consc|cnc|+ o+ un|o+oc oo g|obo como um bcm comum cu,o uso ocvc
|cous+| num+ |csons+b|||o+oc comum |+s c|ccbcu-sc t+mbcm uc + n+tu|cz+ to|n+|+-sc
um bcm csc+sso co|oc+noo-sc cntio + ucstio cco|og|c+ como ou|o ocs+o o o+ sob|cv|-
vcnc|+ |um+n+ c o o+ v+|o||z+io oo c+|t+| n+tu|+| (||C||| +,,;)
|o| su+ vcz o comut+oo| nio so |omovcu not+vc| o||usio ocssc ocs+o cngcno|ou nov+s tcc-
no|og|+s uc c|m|tcm + ut|||z+io o+ n+tu|cz+ cm +t+m+|cs m+|s nob|cs c uc +ccntu+|+m + oc-
s|gu+| o|st||bu|io gcog|+c+ oos ccnt|os c|cnt|co-tccno|og|cos |oc+||z+oos nos +|scs ccnt|+|s
c oos cstoucs oc n+tu|cz+ |oc+||z+oos nos +|scs c|||c||cos c scm|c|||c||cos (||C||| +,,;)
ob t+|s |cvc|+ocs v+|o||z+-sc c o||t|z+-sc + n+tu|cz+ c + ^m+zon|+ to|n+-sc s|mbo|o ocssc oc-
s+o o| ou|+ |+zio + cxtcns+ c ||c+ n+tu|cz+ c su+ c|csccntc ocg|+o+io o| +v+no o+ ||on-
tc||+ movc| +g|occu+||+ |ntcns+ o|cm|c+ muno|+| sob|c o ocst|no o+ |cg|io |moc +o ||+s|| +
|csons+b|||o+oc oc ||o+| com cssc +t||mon|o n+tu|+| como um+ ucstio |cg|on+| n+c|on+| c
g|ob+| |ccon|ccc-sc uc + ^m+zon|+ o|c|ccc + oo|tun|o+oc |m+| no munoo oc conccbc| c
+ |csu|s+oo|+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo ||o oc |+nc||o (||||)
|c|t|+ |o|m+nn |cc|c|
+o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|m|cmcnt+| um novo +o|io oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| como um+ cxc||cnc|+ |onc||+
c c||+t|v+ + sc| t|+nsm|t|o+ +|+ out|+s |cg|ocs t|o|c+|s um|o+s oo |+nct+ |csgu+|o+o+s su+s
+|t|cu|+||o+ocs ||sto||c+mcntc const|u|o+s (||C||| +,,;)
|s|o|os cm nomc oo | cntcno|oo como |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+| succoc|+m-sc n+ |cg|io ocs-
oc o |n+| o+ occ+o+ oc com |o|tc cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| m+s nio conscgu||+m muo+|
+ t|+,cto||+ ||sto||c+ oc um+ c|||c||+ cxo|t+oo|+ oc |ccu|sos m+|c+o+ c|+ ||ontc||+ movc|
|o,c novos |o,ctos mu|to o|vc|sos +|cscnt+m-sc cm nomc oo | +|+ suc|+| cst+ t|+,cto||+
||sto||c+ con|m+noo uc c|c nio tcm um+ ocn|io un|c+ m+s s|m +b|c + oss|b|||o+oc oc
mu|t||os c+m|n|os O | cnt|ou n+ |+t|c+ o||t|c+ +ntcs oc tc| um concc|to c|cnt|co n+sccu
como um |o,cto oc |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+| |nco|o|ou g|+o+t|v+mcntc + ucstio oo ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto c to|nou-sc csscnc|+|mcntc o||t|co c |nst|tuc|on+| |+s |o,c c +|no+ t|+t+oo com
|oco no mc|o +mb|cntc c + m+ss+ c + vc|oc|o+oc o+s |n|o|m+ocs o||unocm m+|s + |cto||c+ so-
b|c os |+tos oo uc os |+tos cm s|
|cssc contcxto c uc sc s|tu+ + cont||bu|io c|uc|+| o+ c|cnc|+ ^ +| o+ |oouio oo con|c-
c|mcnto c o+ |nov+io |+ uc |ccon|ccc| + com|cx|o+oc o+ ucstio cco|og|c+ o|scc|n|noo
cnt|c + consc|cnc|+ cco|og|c+ + uto|+ cco|og|c+ c + |oco|og|+ cco|og|c+ uc +cobc|t+ + gcoo-
||t|c+ oc mooo + conc|ct|z+| +s oss|b|||o+ocs |o,c cx|stcntcs oc |m|cmcnt+| um novo mooo
oc |oouz|| b+sc+oo no con|cc|mcnto c++z oc ut|||z+| o +t||mon|o n+tu|+| scm ocst|u|-|o c
|nc|us|vc oc +|tc|+| +s |c|+ocs soc|+|s c oc ooc|
+| o|scc|n|mcnto c +|t|cu|+|mcntc |mo|t+ntc +|+ + ^m+zon|+ Cc|t+mcntc |+ u|gcnc|+ cm
contc| o ocso|cst+mcnto c cc|t+mcntc |+ o|vc|sos c+m|n|os +|+ +|c+n+-|o ^ csco||+ oo c+-
m|n|o c o|||c|| n+ mco|o+ cm uc |ntcnsos con|tos oc |ntc|csscs o|cu|t+m + |ocnt|c+io c|+|+
oos +tu+|s |o,ctos |ocnt|c+io csscnc|+| +|+ |n|o|m+| + soc|co+oc c os tom+oo|cs oc occ|sio
O ob,ct|vo ocstc tcxto c ,ust+mcntc o|st|ngu|| oo|s |o,ctos oc | +|+ + ^m+zon|+ +|+ |om-
c| com + cont|nu|o+oc oo +tu+| |o,cto uc ocg|+o+ + |cg|io c uc const|tucm +s scocs oo
t|+b+||o ^ ||mc||+ scio t|+t+ oo | b+sc+oo n+ |csc|v+io o+s o|cst+s com b+sc cm -
n+nc|+mcntos +|+ cv|t+| o ocso|cst+mcnto |+ scguno+ scio |ooc-sc um | b+sc+oo n+
ut|||z+io oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s scm ocst|u|-|os com b+sc n+ C| ||ocs o+ cxc||cnc|+ const|-
tucm + tc|cc||+ c u|t|m+ scio
1. Mudana climtica e desenvolvimento sustentvel
|cs momcntos oocm sc| |ocnt|c+oos n+ cvo|uio o+ noio oc | O ||mc||o c o c|ouc oc
|oc|+s |n|c|+oo n+ v||+o+ oos +nos com + c||+io oo C|ubc oc |om+ c o+s |cun|ocs |o|m+|s
C|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io Cono|io oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+ ^m+zon|+
+)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
c |n|o|m+|s sob + cg|oc o+ |ncsco +mb+s +s |n|c|+t|v+s conso||o+o+s cm com o |c|+to||o Os
||m|tcs oo C|csc|mcnto c + Con|c|cnc|+ oc |stoco|mo |cscct|v+mcntc C+|+ctc||z+-sc cssc mo-
mcnto uc sc cstcnoc o| too+ + occ+o+ c|+ tcnt+t|v+ oc |nt|oouz|| + o|mcnsio oo ocscnvo|-
v|mcnto n+ ucstio +mb|cnt+| cgunoo +c|s () ncst+ occ+o+ sc cst+bc|cccm os ||nc||os
b+s|cos oo | conc|u|noo-sc uc sc t|+t+v+ oc concc|to mu|t|o|mcns|on+| c uc c|+ ncccss+||o
|c|o|m+| + cconom|+ +|+ +|c+n+-|o
|m scgunoo momcnto ncss+ cvo|uio co||csonoc conso||o+io o+ |cto||c+ c |n|c|o o+ |+t|-
c+ oo | com + c||+io c|+ O|| o+ Com|ssio |uno|+| +|+ o |c|o ^mb|cntc c o |cscnvo|-
v|mcnto cm cu,os t|+b+||os cu|m|n+m no |c|+to||o ||unt|+no (|| ) uc |ooc um+
ocn|io oo |
C||+oo +|+ |o|mu|+| |oost+s |c+||st+s +|+ +bo|o+| + ucstio +mb|cnt+| c

nov+s |o|m+s c cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| +|+ o||cnt+| o||t|c+s c +ocs o || cum|c o scu +-
c| |+o+ t|+z oc novo no c+mo concc|tu+| m+s s|m no c+mo o||t|co ,unt+noo +s ||nc|-
+|s cont||bu|ocs ,+ c|ctu+o+s sob + |+|s+ uto|+ oc |m |utu|o Comum c o+ |+|mon|+ s+bc
vcnoc| o | +os govc|nos |n|c|+noo um+ |+sc oc |o|||c|+io oc |oc|+s |o,ctos c |o|tc |cssio
gcoo||t|c+ oos +|scs ccnt|+|s sob|c os c|||c||cos cm nomc o+ |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+|
|nu+nto sc |ccomcno+ |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+| mco|+ntc contcnio ocmog|+c+ c ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto cnoogcno +|+ os +|scs c|||c||cos nos +|scs ccnt|+|s +v+n+ um | uc b+sc+oo n+ |cvo-
|uio c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+ |cs|oc n+ m+x|m+ s|nc|g|+ c u+||o+oc tot+| oos |occssos c |ooutos
c no m|n|mo ocsc|o|c|o oc m+tc||+-||m+ c oc cnc|g|+ cst+ u|t|m+ ,+ c|+|+mcntc const|tu|noo um
oos g|+nocs |ob|cm+s + cn||cnt+| +|+ m+ntc| o mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto v|gcntc
+| |cssio |nc|oc +|t|cu|+|mcntc n+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ uc |o| o g|+noc tcm+ sub,+ccntc
cguno+ Con|c|cnc|+ |uno|+| sob|c o |c|o ^mb|cntc c o |cscnvo|v|mcnto - + ||o -
onoc sc +ss|n+m +s Convcnocs sob|c ||vc|s|o+oc ||o|og|c+ c |uo+n+ C||m+t|c+ c + |cc|+-
|+io oc |||nc||os sob|c ||o|cst+s +mbcm n+ ||o c o|c|+|mcntc c||+o+ + ^gcno+ o
m+|s |mo|t+ntc |nst|umcnto +|+ conc|ct|z+| + govc|n+n+ g|ob+| ncssc c+mo mco|+ntc o
cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc um |+no oc +io |umo +o | + sc| +oot+oo g|ob+| n+c|on+| c |oc+|mcn-
tc scgunoo o concc|to oo ||
^ |+|t+ oc suo|tc o||t|co +|+ um | cntcno|oo cm su+ com|cx|o+oc mu|t|o|mcns|on+| +
tcnocnc|+ +o +ucc|mcnto g|ob+| c + c||sc cconom|c+ oos u|t|mos oo|s +nos congu|+m um
tc|cc||o momcnto +tu+| +|+ o | cm uc oo|s ccn+||os cmc|gcm |m oc|cs c o o+ cconom|+
vc|oc ^ cconom|+ vc|oc ooc sc| v|st+ como um+ tcnt+t|v+ oc |csonoc| c||sc uc +|c-
t+ os t|cs ||+|cs oo | +o mcsmo tcmo const|u|noo um+ |csost+ o||t|c+ sob|c +s |o|m+s
O concc|to oc | |oosto no || c o m+|s o||uno|oo cmbo|+ nio sc,+ c|+|o |st+bc|ccc o | como um |occsso oc muo+n+
onoc + cx|o|+io oos |ccu|sos + o||cnt+io oos |nvcst|mcntos os |umos oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto c + muo+n+ |nst|tuc|on+| sc
|+|mon|z+|+m c cstio oc +co|oo com +s ncccss|o+ocs o+s gc|+ocs +tu+|s c |utu|+s
+s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
oc su+s |ntc|+ocs ||+ ocvc |ccuc|+| scto|cs cconom|cos +|ct+oos +,uo+noo-os + muo+|
t|+,cto||+s tccn|c+s ou |+vo|ccc| + cmc|gcnc|+ oc nov+s +t|v|o+ocs |uno+o+s no cm|cgo oc
tccno|og|+s vc|ocs ||+ ocvc t+mbcm s+|v+| os cm|cgos c m+ntc| ou +m||+| +s +ocs oc
|otcio soc|+| | t|+z um+ nov|o+oc n+ o|mcnsio o||t|c+ u+| sc,+ + ncccss|o+oc oc um+ |o|-
tc |ntc|vcnio oos |st+oos os com|om|ssos soc|+|s c +mb|cnt+|s + sc|cm c|+bo|+oos g|++s
+os cs|o|os n+ncc||os oos ooc|cs ub||cos c +os ooc|cs oc |cgu|+io oc cc|tos |st+oos
conscgu|||+m ocscn|+| um ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |ongo |+zo no u+| os |ntc|csscs c +s +ocs
||v+o+s ooc||+m sc |nsc|cvc| (^|||||| )
O scgunoo ccn+||o c o o+ muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ ^ g|+noc |cto||c+ o+ muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ +bso|vc
|o,c um+ g|+noc +|tc oos ocb+tcs |c|+t|vos +o | como sc + u|gcnc|+ c os ||scos otcnc|+|s +s-
soc|+oos + css+ |ob|cm+t|c+ |csum|sscm too+s +s |ntc||og+ocs sob|c o |utu|o oo |+nct+ c o+s
soc|co+ocs |um+n+s C|cnc|+ o||t|c+ o||om+c|+ |nov+io tccn|c+ gcstio m|o|+ ||v||cg|+m +
muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ suc|+noo |o|tcmcntc +s out|+s ucstocs oo | |csoc o |n|c|o oos +nos
s|tu+o+s no co|+io o+s o|nm|c+s oc c|csc|mcnto c oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto +s ucstocs cnc|-
gct|c+s to|n+m-sc |o,c + ||nc|+| comoncntc oo | oocnoo mcsmo subst|tu|-|o O | sc
|csum|||+ +ss|m + +g|| csscnc|+|mcntc c|+s |nov+ocs tccn|c+s uc v|s+m ocsc+|bon|z+| + cco-
nom|+ |m+ cconom|+ vc|oc |cst||t+ |oc+||z+o+ cm +|guns scto|cs cconom|cos +cn+s o|s os
scto|cs oc +t|v|o+oc cm |unio oc scu g|+u oc ocsm+tc||+||z+io c oc scu |ug+| n+ cconom|+ oc
con|cc|mcnto nio oocm |couz|| oo mcsmo mooo scu consumo c su+ |oouio oc c+|bono
| no contcxto oo ccn+||o oo | como muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ uc sc s|tu+ o |o,cto oc ocsm+t+-
mcnto cv|t+oo o| n+nc|+mcnto
1.1. O projeto preservacionista de desenvolvimento sustentvel
orestas improdutivas
|o cxt|cmo oosto oo |o,cto o+ cont|nu|o+oc cm oc||ub+| + o|cst+ c subst|tu|-|+ o| +st+-
gcns c |+vou|+s s|tu+m-sc |oost+s g|ob+|s oc +g+| +|+ nio ocso|cst+| cnvo|vcnoo + mc|-
c+nt|||z+io oo c+|bono
^ ncccss+||+ |css+ cm contc| o ocso|cst+mcnto nio ocvc |mco|| um+ +v+||+io c+utc|os+
ocssc |o,cto cxt|cm+mcntc scouto| c|o n+nc|+mcnto Conccb|oo |+ +nos tcm t|oo um+ cx-
t|+o|o|n+||+ o||usio c c|csccntc +o|o oc govc|n+oo|cs c +|tc oos csu|s+oo|cs c cm|cs+||os
uc |css|on+m o |cs|ocntc |u|+ + scu |+vo|
ôs + ||o ocnt|c +s convcnocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s c||+o+s +|+ tcnt+| contc| + ocg|+o+io oo
|+nct+ |css+|tou-sc + o+ consc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |o,c + cn|+sc |cc+| sob|c + muo+n+
+,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
c||m+t|c+ ||cocu+ocs com o c||m+ c + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc sc |ntcg|+m cm to|no o+ |csc|v+io
o+s o|cst+s t|o|c+|s c |o,ctos g|ob+|s com css+ n+||o+oc |o|+m c|+bo|+oos +|+ +|cscnt+-
io n+ |cun|io sob|c o c||m+ |c+||z+o+ cm Cocn|+gcn () no contcxto o+ |cv|sio oo ||oto-
co|o oc u|oto (+,,;) ocst+c+noo-sc o ||||
|+s os |o,ctos g|ob+|s nio sio um+ |n|c|+t|v+ nov+ c |so|+o+ oo contcxto ||sto||co como sc
ooc||+ cns+| |ss+ |n|c|+t|v+ co||csonoc out|+ |+cc o+ g|ob+||z+io c oos +v+nos o+ c|cn-
c|+ |nsc||noo-sc no |occsso o||t|co uc tcnt+ o|g+n|z+| um+ govc|n+n+ g|ob+| +ccntu+noo +
o||t|z+io o+ n+tu|cz+ bcm como no |occsso cconom|co oc busc+ oc nov+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+
c oc mc|c+nt|||z+io oc novos c|cmcntos o+ n+tu|cz+ O v+|o| cconom|co ocsscs c|cmcntos c
+tcntc no |ccon|cc|mcnto o+ n+tu|cz+ como c+|t+| n+tu|+| (|^| |^||| ) |+s o
|occsso soc|+| uc gc|+ c v|+b|||z+ cssc v+|o| c cx||c+oo o| |o|+ny| ()
|m scu ||v|o 'e Gea: aos/coa:co 'e |c':.a' aoa |.coco. Oos c/ Oa oe ()
|+||| |o|+ny| +ss|n+|+v+ + comc|c|+||z+io o+ tc||+ oo t|+b+||o c oo o|n|c||o |ncx|stcntc no
mc|c+nt|||smo como |c-cono|io o+ cconom|+ oc mc|c+oo uc cmc|g|u no sccu|o X|X com +
|noust||+||z+io subo|o|n+noo + soc|co+oc oc +|gum+ |o|m+ s su+s cx|gcnc|+s
^contccc uc t|+b+||o tc||+ c o|n|c||o nio sio mc|c+oo||+s c ob,ctos |oouz|oos +|+ + vcn-
o+ no mc|c+oo |+b+||o c +cn+s out|o nomc +|+ + +t|v|o+oc |um+n+ uc +com+n|+ +
|o||+ v|o+ uc nio c |oouz|o+ +|+ + vcno+ c nio ooc sc| +|m+zcn+o+ c||+ c +cn+s ou-
t|o nomc +|+ + n+tu|cz+ uc nio c |oouz|o+ c|o |omcm O o|n|c||o c +cn+s um s|mbo|o
oo ooc| oc com|+ c como |cg|+ nio c |oouz|oo m+s +ou||c v|o+ +t|+vcs oo mcc+n|smo
oos b+ncos c o+s n+ncc||+s
|io obst+ntc |o| com + +,uo+ oo uc o +uto| ocnom|nou oc cio uc sc o|g+n|z+|+m os mc|-
c+oos |c+|s oc t|+b+||o tc||+ c o|n|c||o ^ cio oc uc sio |oouz|oos +|+ + vcno+ to|nou-sc
o ||nc||o o|g+n|z+oo| o+ soc|co+oc +|tc|+noo su+ |o||+ o|g+n|z+io too+v|+ +|+ |mco||
uc o mcc+n|smo oc mc|c+oo |ossc o un|co o|||gcntc oo ocst|no oos sc|cs |um+nos c o+ n+tu-
|cz+ c||+|+m-sc cont|+mov|mcntos soc|+|s +ss|m como mco|o+s c o||t|c+s |ntcg|+o+s oo |st+-
oo cm ooc|os+s |nst|tu|ocs +|+ |otcgc-|os cc|cc+noo o mc|c+oo
|csoc o n+| oo sccu|o +ss+oo o||+t+-sc + cs|c|+ o+ mc|c+oo||+ c nov+s mc|c+oo||+s ct|c|+s
vcm scnoo c||+o+s como c o c+so o+ v|o+ oo +| c o+ +gu+ (||C||| c +) | um+
nov|o+oc ||sto||c+ cmc|gc no uso o+ n+tu|cz+ c|o |omcm |+ sccu|os os |omcns ut|||z+m c|c-
mcntos o+ cst|utu|+ oos ccoss|stcm+s cst|utu|+ uc c o |csu|t+oo oc |ntc|+ocs oc c|cmcntos
b|ot|cos c +b|ot|cos co||csonocntcs s m+tc||+s ||m+s m+s |o,c tcnt+-sc ut|||z+| t+mbcm +s
|unocs oos ccoss|stcm+s + uc sc +t||bu| v+|o| cconom|co ocnom|n+o+s oc sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s
ou ccoss|stcm|cos (||C||| c)
:o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
| ncssc contcxto uc sc ocvcm +v+||+| os |o,ctos g|ob+|s +|+ +s o|cst+s t|o|c+|s v|s+noo +tc-
nu+| o +ucc|mcnto g|ob+| O m+|s cmb|cm+t|co c o||uno|oo c o |||| |couio oc cm|ssocs
o| ocso|cst+mcnto c ocg|+o+io |+ conscnso oc uc c|c ocvc sc| ocscnvo|v|oo cm t|cs |+scs
cons|oc|+noo uc + const|uio oc um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ mco|| |c|+t+| c vc||c+| su+ |m|c-
mcnt+io ocvc +v+n+| |og|css|v+mcntc |+ ||mc||+ |+sc uc ocm+no+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
oc um+ cst|+tcg|+ n+c|on+| oc |||| o |o,cto tc|+ cont||bu|ocs vo|unt+||+s |mco|+t+mcntc
o|son|vc|s como +uc|+s +om|n|st|+o+s c|o |ces: Caoco |a:oesn |a.':, oo |+nco |un-
o|+| o |||| o+s |+ocs |n|o+s c out|os +||+n,os b||+tc|+|s + |+sc co||csonoc |m|cmcn-
t+io oc o||t|c+s c mco|o+s |oost+s n+s cst|+tcg|+s n+c|on+|s +o|+o+s o| um |unoo g|ob+|
b+sc+oo num |nst|umcnto |cg+| oc n+nc|+mcnto com com|om|sso como o| cxcm|o |c||ocs
oc c|m|ssocs + |+sc co||csonoc +o +g+mcnto o| c||o|m+ncc mco|o+ +t|+vcs oc |no|c+-
oo|cs oc |couio oc cm|ssocs ou out|os como o|m|nu|io o+ +|c+ ocsm+t+o+ u+nt|c+-
oos cm |c|+io + n|vc|s oc |c|c|cnc|+ |ssc +g+mcnto ooc||+ sc| n+nc|+oo cm g|+noc csc+|+
+t|+vcs o+ vcno+ oc un|o+ocs oc |||| cm mc|c+oos oc|+|s g|ob+|s ou mcc+n|smos |o|+ oo
mc|c+oo |cvc c|m|t|| + gc|+io oc c|co|tos oc c+|bono c|os |csu|t+oos o+ cont|nu|o+oc oc
o||t|c+s c mco|o+s |n|c|+o+s n+ |+sc (|Ozz|| )
||oost+ +|tc|n+t|v+ m+s scm + mcsm+ o||usio c o |||C oo C|O|^| C^|O| ||OC|^|-
|| O |||C sc +|cscnt+ como um |nvcst|mcnto |o+t|vo cm c+|t+| n+tu|+| Cons|stc cm um
s|stcm+ +|+ |cm|+| cconom|c+mcntc cxtcns+s +|c+s oc o|cst+s t|o|c+|s |nt+ct+s uc +tu+m
como 'coa' a:':es |ovcnoo v+||os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s |io cst+ o|t+nto |c|+c|on+oo |c-
ouio oc cm|ssocs oo c+|bono c|c busc+ +t|+|| |unoos o||ct+mcntc +|+ +s o|cst+s uc +b-
so|vcm c cstoc+m c+|bono c||+m c|uv+ mooc|+m cono|ocs oo tcmo c m+ntcm + b|oo|vc|-
s|o+oc bcnc||c|os oos u+|s usu||u|mos c nio +g+mos | ,+ uc os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s sio bcns
ub||cos + comun|o+oc |ntc|n+c|on+| ocvc +g+|
|+|s |cccntcmcntc o |||| +ssou + ocnom|n+|-sc ||||+ +||+noo-sc + +ocs oc consc|v+io

c m+nc,o o|cst+|
1.2. Questionamentos aos projetos globais
ucst|on+mcntos o||t|cos c cconom|cos ocvcm sc| co|oc+oos sob|ctuoo +o |o,cto |||| t+|
como + scgu|| +|cscnt+oos (||C||| )
^s |oost+s oo |||C +||m+m uc o |||| +|cscnt+ o ||sco c|vc|so oc |nccnt|v+| +|scs com b+|x+s t+x+s oc ocs|o|cst+mcnto
+ +umcnt+-|+s ||cvc t+mbcm +,uo+ const|uio oc c++c|o+ocs |oc+|s c s comun|o+ocs m+s +c|co|t+ uc oc |o|m+ mcnos
onc|os+ oo uc o |||| Os +g+mcntos oocm v|| oc |ontcs ub||c+s ou ||v+o+s ou o+ comb|n+io o+s ou+s o||cc|on+oos
+|cm o+s o|cst+s n+t|v+s +|+ +|c+s |otcg|o+s ccocc|t|c+io c scgu|o +|+ +|c+s-t+mio como c o c+so o+s m+|gcns oo
c+n+| oc |+n+m+ +|+ contc| cvcntu+|s |nv+socs m+||n|+s
:+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
+ |ntc|cssc n+c|on+| ou nio cm |nc|u|| +s o|cst+s cm c n+s t|+ns+ocs cconom|c+s
Como c oo con|cc|mcnto oc tooos o ||+s|| vcm m+ntcnoo os|io |mc ocsoc o ||o-
toco|o oc u|oto (+,,;) uc |n+ugu|ou os cs|o|os +|+ |cgu|+| os |ob|cm+s oo cxccs-
so oc cm|ssio oc CO
|+sc+oo no ||nc||o o+ |csons+b|||o+oc comum m+s o||c|cn-

c|+o+ +|gumcnt+ o ||+s|| uc os +|scs |noust||+||z+oos tcm |csons+b|||o+oc ||sto||c+
n+ o|u|io o+ +tmos|c|+ (cm to|no oc ;+/ o| oc+s|io oc u|oto) c o|t+nto c+bc
+ c|cs +||c+| mct+s +|+ |couio oc cm|ssocs oc c+|bono m+s nio +os +|scs c|||c||-
cos cu,+s cm|ssocs sio m+|s |cccntcs c mcno|cs |sscs u|t|mos ocvc||+m |cccbc| |ccu|-
sos oc um |unoo g|ob+| +|+ |mco|| uc +ss+sscm + +m||+| su+s cm|ssocs |o| com
cssc scnt|oo uc o ||+s|| |oos + c||+io oo |cc+n|smo oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto ||mo
(|||) no ||otoco|o oc u|oto c|o u+| os +|scs ccnt|+|s oocm com|+| c|co|tos oc
c+|bono nos +|scs c|||c||cos uc cnt|+m cm su+ cont+b|||o+oc oc cm|ssio |+s c nc-
ccss+||o |||s+| um scgunoo onto |mo|t+ntc o+ os|io b|+s||c||+ +s o|cst+s n+t|v+s
cm c nio oocm sc| |nc|u|o+s no ||| m+s tio somcntc +ocs ocso|cst+mcnto c
oc |co|cst+mcnto
|||| c|o cont|+||o o|c|ccc +g+mcnto +|+ |csc|v+io o+s o|cst+s cm c n+t|v+s ^ |c-
cus+ oo ||+s|| cm |nc|u|| +s o|cst+s n+t|v+s cx||c+-sc c|o ||sco oc |ngc|cnc|+ cxtc|n+ ou sc,+
oc ||v+t|z+io o+s occ|socs sob|c o uso oc g|+nocs cxtcnsocs oc tc||+ uc co||csonoc||+ +o
cont|o|c oo tc|||to||o +mouco nio |+ como +cc|t+| uc + contcnio oo ocsm+t+mcnto no
+|s sc |++ +cn+s com b+sc cm n+nc|+mcntos cxtc|nos
+ |couz|| os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s s cm|ssocs oo c+|bono c um+ v+|o|+io cxt|cm+mcntc
||m|t+o+ oo |+nt+st|co otcnc|+| oc sc|v|os |o|c|+oos c|+ o|cst+ | m+ntc| +s o|cs-
t+s |m|oout|v+s |m||c+ o ||sco oc |c|oouz|| o sccu|+| +o|io oc ocu+io o+ ^m+-
zon|+ b+sc+oo n+ cxo|t+io oc |ccu|sos scm +g|cg+io oc v+|o| + b+|xos |cos uc
u+sc n+o+ oc|x+|+m n+ |cg|io |cst+ |c|t+ c o |o||o +| uc cst+ cm ,ogo c nov+mcntc
+ b+|xos |cos nos mc|c+oos ,+ cx|stcntcs oc c|co|tos oc c+|bono o mc|c+oo oc u|o-
to o oc|+| o|cm m+|s ||+co oc|cs o oc C||c+go c o o+ |n|io |u|oc|+
Out|o |mo|t+ntc ucst|on+mcnto +o |||| scgunoo o |ntc|cssc o+ ^m+zon|+ c oo
||+s|| c ucm v+| |cccbc| c sc bcncc|+| com o +g+mcnto +|+ cv|t+| o ocso|cst+-
mcnto o govc|no |coc|+| os govc|nos cst+ou+|s c os g|+nocs |oouto|cs cstio c+o+
um oc|cs sc cons|oc|+noo os mc|cccoo|cs |+t+-sc o+ o|cst+ como +t|vo n+ncc||o
gc|+noo g|+nocs |uc|os +|+ oucos +to|cs ^ cxc||cnc|+ o+ |uno+io ^m+zon+s
ustcnt+vc| (cst+oo oo ^m+zon+s) most|+ uc os bcnc||c|os vio +|+ o scto| n+n-
cc||o no c+so o ||+ocsco c + c+oc|+ oc |otc|s |c|||ot um ouco +|+ o govc|no
oo cst+oo cnu+nto +s bo|s+s o|c|cc|o+s s ou|+ocs cxt|+t|v|st+s +|+ oc|cnoc| +
|o|cst+ nio +ss+m oc | ;+no'
::
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O +g+mcnto +|+ nio ocso|cst+| |m||c+ m+ntc| +s o|cst+s s|m m+s |m|oout|v+s c |m-
co|noo + gc|+io oc ||ucz+ cm|cgo c |cno+ o uc m+|s ncccss|t+m +s ou|+ocs cxt|+-
t|v|st+s ^ csc+sscz oc cm|cgo occcntc c +||+s + ucstio ccnt|+| o+ |um+n|o+oc ^ |o,cio
oo |+nco |uno|+| +|+ + ou|+io +t|v+ o+ c||+ cm |nc|us|vc subcm|cgo c ocscm-
|cgo c oc uc c|+ +ss+|+ oc b|||ocs +|+ b|||ocs oos u+|s |oc+||z+oos nos +|scs
cmc|gcntcs (|^|CO |||||^| )
+ |||| nio c mcc+n|smo oc so|uio +|+ o |occsso oc ocsm+t+mcnto c s|m oc com-
cns+io oc cm|ssocs +|+ os +|scs ccnt|+|s uc oocm tcnt+| |couz|| o mont+ntc oc
su+s uot+s mco|+ntc n+nc|+mcntos oc ocsm+t+mcnto cv|t+oo ^tc + con|c|cnc|+ oc
|+|| () o ||nc||o oc |n+nc|+mcnto oo c+|bono nio cst+v+ cm +ut+ ^ +|t|| o+| +
ucstio o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ||gou-sc o+ muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ c +ssou + mob|||z+| numc-
|osos g|uos oc |cssio ,+ +t|vos n+ Convcnio sob|c ||oo|vc|s|o+oc c + Convcnio oo
C||m+ to|n+-sc um+ t||bun+ oc |c|v|no|c+ocs |ocnt|t+||+s O |||| +|cscnt+-sc como
ocscnvo|vcnoo um+ +bo|o+gcm o||t|c+ nio somcntc |cocu+oo com +s muo+n-
+s c||m+t|c+s m+s |gu+|mcntc com + ob|cz+ c + consc|v+io oos sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s
Conscguc +ss|m c+t+| nov+s |ontcs oc n+nc|+mcnto m|stu|+noo |unoos ub||cos +
|unoos ||v+oos c +c|+noo +|+ o mc|c+oo oo c+|bono c out|os ||ooc-sc + |m|+nt+|
|nvcnt+||os o|cst+|s c |c|o|+| + c++c|t+io |oc+| o uc scouz os |ovcoo|cs oc |unoos
O |||| nio c contuoo um mcc+n|smo uc +tuc no |occsso oc |couio o+s cm|ssocs oc
c+|bono m+s s|m no m+x|mo oc |cvcnio o+s cm|ssocs mco|+ntc + +bstcnio vo|unt+||+ oc
cm|t|-|o | +s o||t|c+s oc cst+b|||z+io o+s cm|ssocs nio oocm sc| con|uno|o+s com +s o||t|c+s
oc +tcnu+io oocm sc| cons|oc|+o+s como oc comcns+io ou oc sustcnt+io o+ consc|-
v+io (^|||||| |^||^| )
O |ob|cm+ oo ocso|cst+mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ so sc|+ |cso|v|oo com um novo +|+o|gm+ oc
ocscnvo|v|mcnto (||C||| ) | o o+ ocg|+o+io oo |+nct+ somcntc com um novo |cg|mc
oc +cumu|+io |m v|ntc +nos oc ncgoc|+ocs n+s convcnocs sob|c o c||m+ c + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
+ssou-sc oc um+ ucstio oo mc|o +mb|cntc + um+ ucstio oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|
oc ,ust|+ |co|st||but|v+ cnt|c |o|tc c u| oc const|uio oc um novo |cg|mc oc c|csc|mcnto
cconom|co ^ muo+n+ oc +|+o|gm+ t|+ouz-sc |o,c cm tc|mos oc c|csc|mcnto vc|oc ou b|o-
cconom|+ n+ |ut+ cont|+ + oc|cssio cconom|c+ c o+s |o||+s o||t|c+s c||m+t|c+s +ss+-sc
|oc|+ oc uc um ocscnvo|v|mcnto m+|s sustcnt+vc| ooc cont||bu|| |o|tcmcntc +|+ + +tcnu+-
io o+ muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ (||CC )
|+s + ucstio c com|cx+ O mc|o +mb|cntc c scus |ob|cm+s nio oocm sc| t|+t+oos como
cxtc|n+||o+ocs o t|+t+mcnto oos |ob|cm+s +mb|cnt+|s c o+ muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ ocvc tc| um+
:,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
v|sio m+|s +m|+ +|+ cnvo|vc| ncccss+||+mcntc +s g|+nocs cst|utu|+s o+ cconom|+ bcm como
+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc + scgu|+n+ c + |osc||o+oc |cnov+o+
^t||bu|| um |co +o c+|bono c ncccss+||o m+s nio suc|cntc o+ mcsm+ |o|m+ uc c |nsu-
c|cntc +n+||sc cconom|c+ convcnc|on+| |cuc|-sc um+ cconom|+ o||t|c+ +v+n+o+ ^ |ntc|n+-
||z+io oc um+ cxtc|n+||o+oc ncg+t|v+ |cv+ moo|c+io oc um un|co |co m+s + |ut+ cont|+
+ ocg|+o+io oo +mb|cntc |m||c+ muo+| os |cos |c|+t|vos oo con,unto o+ cconom|+ moo|-
c+| +s |c|+ocs |noust||+|s c o|t+nto +s |o||+s cst|utu|+s cconom|c+s (||||||| |||
aaa ^|||||| C c |^||^| | o c|t)
|+ o|t+nto uc +tu+| no con,unto o+ cconom|+ o uc nio c oc mooo +|gum t||v|+| O govc|-
no b|+s||c||o |o,c cx|b|||zou su+ os|io scm contuoo +|tc|+| su+ csscnc|+ ^cc|t+ ncgoc|+| o
|||| como um mcc+n|smo +ux|||+| oc n+nc|+mcnto m+s nio como um mcc+n|smo comcn-
s+to||o Ou sc,+ os +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos ooc||+m n+nc|+| |o,ctos oc consc|v+io c +tc obtc|
c|co|tos oc c+|bono m+s nio ut|||z+| csscs c|co|tos +|+ comcns+| su+s |o||+s cm|ssocs sc||+
um+ s+|o+ |+c|| +|+ cum|||cm su+s mct+s scm |cc|s+| |couz|| subst+nc|+|mcntc su+s |o||+s
cm|ssocs | no |occsso oc ncgoc|+io g|ob+| o ||+s|| +ssum|u vo|unt+||+mcntc mct+s +|+ |c-
ouio o+ cm|ssio oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ cnt|c c o+s cm|ssocs cst|m+o+s +|+
com|om|sso uc |o| |n+|mcntc conso||o+oo cm |c| (;;)
|cst||ocs + cmb+|c+| no |||| como +n+cc|+ +|+ contc| o ocsm+t+mcnto c |couz|| o +uc-
c|mcnto g|ob+| nio s|gn|c+ oc |o|m+ +|gum+ oc|x+| oc |+oo + contcnio nio so oo ocsm+t+-
mcnto +tu+| como |utu|o
O uc +|tc o+ soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ vcm |oonoo c um cs|o|o +|+ muo+| o +o|io oc oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto |nu|noo nos |occssos |csons+vc|s c|o ocsm+t+mcnto c nio so cxc|u|noo +s
o|cst+s o+ +t|v|o+oc |oout|v+
2. O desenvolvimento sustentvel com base na CT&I oresta
em p produtiva
^ |oost+ oo |||| c t+mbcm oost+ +o |o,cto uc um+ +|tc oos c|cnt|st+s b|+s||c||os vcm
|oonoo nos u|t|mos c|nco +nos cn||cnt+| o g|+noc ocs+o o+ ^m+zon|+ conccbcnoo c |m|c-
mcnt+noo um novo mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto mco|+ntc um+ vc|o+oc||+ |cvo|uio c|cnt|co-
tccno|og|c+ c++z oc sustcnt+| |oouio scm ocst|u|| + n+tu|cz+ |o,cto uc |o| cnooss+oo c|+
^c+ocm|+ ||+s||c||+ oc C|cnc|+s cm oocumcnto |nt|tu|+oo ^m+zon|+ |cs+o ||+s||c||o +|+ o c-
cu|o XX| |o| um+ |cvo|uio C|cnt||c+ c ccno|og|c+ ()' cx||c|t+oo c cxcm|||c+oo + scgu||
:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
2.1. Uma revoluo cientco-tecnolgica para a Amaznia
|+t+-sc oc cn||cnt+| o ocs+o oc |nu|| nos |occssos uc gc|+m o ocsm+t+mcnto c nio oc
m+ntc| o|cst+s cm c |m|oout|v+s ^ cono|io |n|c|+| oo |o,cto c +t||bu|| v+|o| cconom|co
o|cst+ cm c +|+ uc oss+ comct|| cconom|c+mcntc com + cxt|+io o+ m+oc||+ + ccu+-
||+ c + so,+ (||C||| ) O mooc|o +|+ oc|cs+ o+ |o|cst+ |csg+t+ o zonc+mcnto o+ n+tu|cz+
cgunoo + |mb|++ () +s |o|cst+s +|no+ cob|cm o+ ^m+zon|+ |cg+| +|+ o |m+zon
() sio o+ cobc|tu|+ vcgct+| tcnoo s|oo ocsm+t+oos c co||csonocnoo + |o|-
m+ocs nio o|cst+|s ^|cm o|sso |+ out|os mooos cconom|cos oc m+ntc| + o|cst+ cm c
O uc |||| |ooc c |csc|v+-|+ c|+ |ntoc+b|||o+oc out|o mooo oc m+ntc-|+ cm c c +b|||
nov+s oo|tun|o+ocs c |ntc|+ocs mco|+ntc o uso oc scu otcnc|+| scm ocst|u|-|o com con|c-
c|mcnto c tccn|c+s +ocu+oos cnc+|+noo-+ como |ontc oc +|m+io o+ v|o+ c o|st||bu|noo os
|uc|os +|+ mu|to m+|s gcntc (||C||| |O||| |^||O|O )
O uc nio s|gn|c+ oc|x+| +s ocm+|s +|c+s |o||+ so|tc O mcsmo |+c|oc|n|o c v+||oo +|+ os
uc +|no+ c|s|stcm oo Cc||+oo |+z +|tc oo ocs+|o m+ntc| + +g||cu|tu|+ c |ccuc|+| +|c+s
ocg|+o+o+s |+ +|tc|n+t|v+s v|+vc|s mcsmo +|+ + ccu+||+ |nc|us|vc com |couio o+s cm|ssocs
oc C|| sc |ouvc| vont+oc o||t|c+ c um novo o||+| +|+ + |cg|io | ncccss+||+ um+ |cvo|uio
c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+ n+ ^m+zon|+ com |oco no ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc c+oc|+s |oout|v+s b+sc+-
o+s n+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc - cnvo|vcnoo +s comun|o+ocs oo m+go o+ |o|cst+ +tc os ccnt|os oc cs-
u|s+ c +s |noust||+s |oc+||z+o+s n+s c|o+ocs (||C||| ) - nos mu|t||os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s
+gu+ cnc|g|+ |cnov+vc| cstoc+gcm oc c+|bono cnt|c out|os c n+ cnc|g|+ so|+| cnt|c out|+s
oocs com |oco t+mbcm n+ muo+n+ oo u+o|o |nst|tuc|on+| oc mooo + g+|+nt|| |nov+ocs
|ss+ ocvc sc| + ||o||o+oc cst|+tcg|c+ o+s o||t|c+s ub||c+s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| c o
m+|o| ocs+o +|+ + comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ oco|c+o+ s ucstocs +m+zon|c+s
^ +|t|| ocss+ |oc|+ |n|c|+| +|cscnt+m-sc oo|s cxcm|os oc como C| ooc cont||bu|| +|+
o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ |m oc|cs c um mooc|o +|+ oc|cs+ o+ o|cst+ mco|+ntc
scu uso nio ocst|ut|vo o out|o c um+ |oost+ oc m+c|ozonc+mcnto cco|og|co-cconom|co
+|+ ^m+zon|+ |cg+|
2.2. Defesa do corao orestal
|++s oo ||C| |c|cscnt+noo + vcgct+io |n|c|+| c cm |cvc|+m uc + |o|cst+ ocns+ +|n-
o+ cst+ |c|+t|v+mcntc |ntcg|+ (||g +) |cscnvo|vcnoo-sc oo suoocstc oo ^m+zon+s +o ^m++ c
no|ocstc oo |+|+ (cstc ,+ mu|to ocso|cst+oo) + o|cst+ omb|o|+ ocns+ c + bo|o+ o||cnt+| o+
^m+zon|+ u|-^mc||c+n+ c +|cscnt+ |c|ocs |o||+s t+|s como b+|x+ ocns|o+oc oc ovo+mcn-
to v|vcnoo oo cxt|+t|v|smo c||cu|+io uv|+| c +tc +go|+ u+sc ncn|um+ ocst|u|io
:,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|o| too+s css+s |+zocs ocnom|n+mos css+ cxtcnsio oc co|+io o|cst+| o+ ^m+zon|+ c cons|-
oc|+noo su+ |mo|tnc|+ como c+|t+| n+tu|+| |csgu+|o+oo ot+mos o| |n|c|+| ncss+ +|c+ um
cns+mcnto cst|+tcg|co +|+ us+| scm ocst|u|| + o|cst+ oc mooo + bcncc|+| +s ou|+ocs
|oc+|s + |cg|io c o +|s
|lgura +.
^ m+|gcm oos g|+nocs |o,ctos c o+s cst|+o+s uc m+|c+|+m + ocu+io o+ ^m+zon|+ n+ oc-
c+o+ oc c - cxccto + zon+ ||+nc+ oc |+n+us c + cx|o|+io oc g+s cm ||ucu uc
nio |m+ct+|+m + o|cst+ o co|+io o|cst+| c|s|stc como cxtcns+ zon+ uc +ou||c novo
v+|o| no contcxto muno|+| |mu|s|on+oo c|+ C| u+ o|g+n|z+io ooc c ocvc sc| c|ctu+o+
+ +|t|| o+ |nov+io c o+ c||+t|v|o+oc const|tu|noo-sc como um+ ||ontc||+ oc novo t|o oo c+-
|t+| n+tu|+| c oo con|cc|mcnto
O co|+io o|cst+| c oot+oo oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s uc |ntc|css+m +o mc|c+oo muno|+| c oc
os|io cst|+tcg|c+ +|+ + |ntcg|+io su|-+mc||c+n+ c o cxc|c|c|o o+ sobc|+n|+ n+c|on+| |c|c c
oss|vc| mco|+ntc |nco|o|+io oc con|cc|mcnto |oouio cm |+vo| oc um+ t|+ns|o|m+-
io |noust||+| cx|vc| |omc| com + cconom|+ cxt|+t|v|st+ cxo|t+oo|+ oc m+tc||+s-||m+s uc
ouco tcm bcncc|+oo + |cg|io
:o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O novo +o|io oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto +|+ + o|g+n|z+io o+ b+sc |oout|v+ tc|+ c|c|tos os|t|vos no
|occsso oc |ntcg|+io su|-+mc||c+n+ c g|ob+| + +|t|| oc |o|m+s |nov+oo|+s oc ||o+| com ucstocs
comuns como + gcstio o+ +gu+ + cx|o|+io oc m|nc||os c m+oc||+ o uso o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +
|oouio oc +||mcntos c os moo+|s oc |ntcg|+io ||s|c+ cono|zcntcs com + n+tu|cz+ o+ |cg|io
^ cst|+tcg|+ oc oc|cs+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo co|+io o|cst+| nio sc|+ o|t+nto +|c+n+o+ o|
su+ cxc|usio |oout|v+ m+s s|m c|+ ut|||z+io oc scus |ccu|sos com tccn|c+s c |+t|c+s oo sccu-
|o XX| uc nio ocst|u+m + n+tu|cz+ |nco|o|+noo o s+bc| m||cn+| o+ ou|+io |oc+| (||C|||
b) |cv|sio o+s +ocs oo c|v|o ||o|cst+| ocvc||+ sc| |c|t+ |mco|noo + conccssio oc ||c|t+ocs
n+ m+t+ ocns+ onoc +t|v|o+ocs cmbo|+ co||ct+s vcm cst|mu|+noo o cxt|+t|v|smo +|c+|co
||cmcntos ccnt|+|s ocss+ cst|+tcg|+ sio +) +|t|cu|+io o+s c|o+ocs com + o|cst+ como ccnt|os
oc c+oc|+s |oout|v+s oc csu|s+s c oc |noust||+s ||o||z+noo c cconom|+ o+ o|cst+ csscn-
c|+|mcntc o|vc|s|c+o+ |nc|u|noo os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s como b+sc oc su+ o|g+n|z+io b)
|og|st|c+ b+sc+o+ n+ c||cu|+io uv|+| o|c|cc|o+ c|+ |mcns+ |coc oc ||os ^ |oouio ncss+ +|c+
tcm como csco+oou|o n+tu|+| + c+||+ oo o||mocs-^m+zon+s |no|c+noo o |mc|+t|vo oc cu|-
+| + c||cu|+io uv|+| com +s n+vcs +s m+|s +tu+||z+o+s oss|vc|s c) con|o|m+io oc um+ |coc
oc c|o+ocs o| mc|o oo |o|t+|cc|mcnto oos c|os cnt|c c|o+ocs sc|cc|on+o+s c comun|o+ocs |o-
outo|+s c cnt|c css+s c|o+ocs |coc uc conto|n+noo + m+t+ ocns+ sc,+ c++z oc +t||bu|| v+|o|
cconom|co |o|cst+ cm c c +ss|m b+||+| + cx+nsio o+ +g|occu+||+ (||gu|+ )
|lgura :. ^m+zon|+ com |+t+ - Ccnt|os +|+ b|o|oouio -
:)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
| |o|+ oc +|ovc|t+| o |mcnso otcnc|+| o+ o|cst+ ocns+ +|+ |oouio oc |+|m+cos tio cs-
scnc|+|s s+uoc ub||c+ oo ovo b|+s||c||o ^|gum+s |n|c|+t|v+s ,+ cx|stcm cm comun|o+ocs cu,+
|oouio c com|+o+ o| cm|cs+s oc |+n+us uc n+vcg+m +tc |m c|o ||o ^m+zon+s c
scus +ucntcs +|+ ut|||z+-|+ n+ |oouio oc cosmct|cos bcm |cvc|+noo o scu v+|o|
u+nto +os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s |+ uc sc ut|||z+|cm |unocs oc tooos comoncntcs oos ccos-
s|stcm+s c nio c|m+nccc| +t|c|+oo +o mc|c+oo g|ob+| oc c+|bono ^s c|o+ocs sc|cc|on+o+s
como ccnt|os |noust||+|s oo cxt|+t|v|smo |noust||+||z+oo sc|io scocs oc csu|s+s t+mbcm +|+
os mu|t||os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s
|cssc contcxto |+n+us ooc||+ sc| |+nc,+o+ como um+ c|o+oc muno|+| oc m+|c+ ^m+zon|c+
com b+sc n+ |cst+io oc sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s |nc|us|vc com um+ bo|s+ oc v+|o|cs g|++s su+
os|io |m+| ||cntc o|cst+ +m+zon|c+ su|-+mc||c+n+
O ocs+o o+ |cgu|+||z+io |uno|+||+ n+ ^m+zon|+ uc comc+ + sc| cn||cnt+oo o| |cccntc
|c| +|cscnt+ nu+nccs no co|+io o|cst+| ô uc tuoo |no|c+ mc||o| sc||+ m+ntc| ncss+ zon+
+cn+s conccssocs +|+ uso o+ tc||+ |cnov+vc|s cm |unio oos |csu|t+oos obt|oos | nio so +|+
g|+nocs cm|cs+s t+mbcm +|+ comun|o+ocs com |o|m+s |nov+oo|+s oc gcstio uc ocm+n-
o+m + co|+bo|+io o+ c|cnc|+
c||+s |no|gcn+s oocm c||c|t+mcntc |nsc|||-sc ncss+ cst|+tcg|+ Os g|uos |no|gcn+s ncccs-
s|t+m oc |og|+m+s oc t|+b+||o c++zcs oc ||cs su||| cm |ccu|sos monct+||os uc s+t|s|++m
scus ocsc,os oc consumo scm ocst|u|| su+ cu|tu|+ c scus tc|||to||os |n|o+ocs oc consc|v+io
o| su+ vcz oocm t+mbcm o|g+n|z+| um+ |oouio cxt|+t|v|st+ oc ont+ ^|cm ocss+ out|+s
oss|b|||o+ocs +|+ os g|uos |no|gcn+s c ou|+ocs cxt|+t|v|st+s sc||+m + const|uio oc c+-
oc|+s |oout|v+s oc csc+ oc m+no|oc+ c + ut|||z+io ocst+ n+ |oouio oc ct+no| cm cuc-
n+s us|n+s +|+ su||-|os oc combust|vc| ^ m|nc|+io ooc v|| + sc| um+ +t|v|o+oc gc|+oo|+ oc
t|+b+||o +|+ os g|uos |no|gcn+s +os consu|t+
O |+to oc oc|cnoc| o co|+io o|cst+| mco|+ntc |oouio sustcnt+vc| c nio o| cxc|usio |o-
out|v+ |m||c+ cntcnoc| uc c|c |ntc|+gc com +s ocm+|s |cg|ocs |io sc t|+t+ oc c||g|| um mu|o
su+ vo|t+ ^ss|m cst|+tcg|+s ocvcm sc| cns+o+s +|+ +s out|+s +|c+s +m+zon|c+s ^ m+t+ +bc|t+
uc conto|n+ |mco|+t+mcntc o co|+io o|cst+| cm o||cio +o su| c |o|c|+ + um+ ut|||z+io
|noust||+| +v+n+o+ o+ m+oc||+ | +| uc ocvcm sc ocscnvo|vc| c+oc|+s cc|t|c+o+s com b+sc no
m+nc,o o|cst+| c cm o|cst+s |+nt+o+s c nio n+ m+t+ ocns+ |cnom|n+o+ c|+ |mb|++ oc
m+|gcm o+ |o|cst+' octcm +cn+s o+s |o|cst+s o||g|n+|s ,+ ocst|u|o+s cm |c|+ sc
cncont|+ +tu+|mcntc + ||ontc|+ movc| +g|occu+||+ uc cont|nu+ oc||ub+noo + o|cst+ c o+|
+v+n+ cm ||cntcs +t|v+s no co|+io o|cst+| scnoo u|gcntc + su+ contcnio
:s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|ot+o+ oc c|xos |ooov|+||os c c|o+ocs m+|s bcm cu|+o+s oo uc +s oo co|+io o|cst+| +|-
gum+s oc|+s scnoo c+|t+|s cst+ou+|s + +|c+ oc m+t+ +bc|t+ o|c|ccc cono|ocs +|+ |m|+nt+|
um+ |noust||+ m+oc||c||+ oc ont+ |nc||vc|mcntc |ncx|stcntc n+ |cg|io +tc |o,c u+noo no
munoo sc obtcm ct+no| oc scguno+ gc|+io + +|t|| o+ cc|u|osc +|+ +tcnoc| |o||+ +|c+
c +o co|+io o|cst+| com |+b|t+ocs c const|uocs ncccss+||+s +o cu|+mcnto u|b+no c
cmb+|c+ocs +|+ c||cu|+io uv|+|
c||+ |gu+|mcntc |mo|t+ntc ocscnvo|vc| um+ |coc oc c|o+ocs o+ m+oc||+ s|tu+o+s n+ +|c+ oc
o|cst+ +bc|t+ bcm como out|+ |coc +|ovc|t+noo +s c|o+ocs gcmc+s oc ||ontc||+ +|+ cst|mu-
|+| + |ntcg|+io su|-+mc||c+n+ uc nc|+s ,+ oco||c csont+nc+mcntc
|+s t+|s cst|+tcg|+s +|+ su+ cxccuio ncccss|t+m oc um novo u+o|o |nst|tuc|on+|
2.3. O macrozoneamento ecolgico-econmico: princpio do
desenvolvimento sustentvel e instrumento de mudana
institucional?
O zonc+mcnto cco|og|co-cconom|co (z||) tcvc +m|+ o||usio como ||nc|+| |nst|umcnto oc
gcstio oo tc|||to||o + +|t|| oos +nos g|++s +os +v+nos tccno|og|cos n+ |n|o|m+io c co-
mun|c+io +oot+oos no ||+s|| |mbo|+ no oocumcnto mctooo|og|co c|+bo|+oo +|+ su+ ut|||-
z+io c|os cst+oos +m+zon|cos (+,,;) |ossc c|+|+mcntc cxosto o scu ou|o +c| tccn|co c
o||t|co oc ncgoc|+io +s cxc||cnc|+s n+ ^m+zon|+ com |+|+s cxccocs nio tcm s|oo c|c-
t|v+mcntc |m|cmcnt+o+s como |nst|umcnto o||t|co-|nst|tuc|on+|
^ |ctom+o+ o+ |c|cxio sob|c o z|| ||cntc occ|sio govc|n+mcnt+| oc c|ctu+-|o cm m+c|ocsc+-
|+ |no|c+ uc c|c ooc c ocvc sc| bcm m+|s oo uc um |nst|umcnto oc gcstio c|c cx|css+ um
c+m|n|o +|+ o | c ocvc const|tu|| cm s| um+ muo+n+ |nst|tuc|on+| (||C||| c)
|cz cst|+tcg|+s |o|+m c|+bo|+o+s +|+ + |cg|io cm con,unto c out|+s +|+ c+o+ um+ o+s un|o+-
ocs scm c|oc| + noio oo con,unto |o|+m c|+s o|scut|o+s com |c|cscnt+ocs oo govc|no c
o+ soc|co+oc c|v|| submct|o+s consu|t+ ub||c+ tcnoo cm m||+ uc + ncgoc|+io c um+ con-
o|io soe aa oco oo z|| cm u+|uc| csc+|+ scnoo |n+|mcntc +|ov+o+s c|o govc|no cm
m+|o oc +|s cst|+tcg|+s +|+ tio +m|o tc|||to||o oocm const|tu|| o |uno+mcnto oc um
c+m|n|o +|+ o | o+ ^m+zon|+ + sc| ocb+t|oo c|+ soc|co+oc |st|+tcg|+s +|+ +s un|o+ocs tc|-
||to||+|s o| su+ vcz +,ust+o+s +os z|| cst+ou+|s c ncgoc|+o+s oocm cst+bc|ccc| nov+s |cg|+s
oo ,ogo occnocnoo o+ vont+oc o||t|c+ oo govc|no c o+ soc|co+oc const|tu|noo o u+o|o
|nst|tuc|on+| ncccss+||o muo+n+ ocsc,+o+
:,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^ |ocnt|c+io o+ o||c|cnc|+io +tu+| oo tc|||to||o o+ ^m+zon|+ |cg+| tcvc como c||tc||o b+s|co
+ ocns|o+oc c os t|os oc |cocs |c|cscnt+t|vos oc tc|||to||+||o+ocs cconom|c+s c soc|oo||t|c+s
n+ |cg|io uc c|m|tcm ocn|| tc|||to||os-|coc c tc|||to||os-zon+ |c|+ ||mc||+ vcz |nt|oouz|-
|+m-sc num z|| +s |cocs soc|oo||t|c+s c +s |cocs u|b+n+s
io |ocnt|c+oos t|cs g|+nocs t|os oc un|o+ocs tc|||to||+|s n+ ^m+zon|+ |cg+| +) c|||to||os-|c-
oc no +|co oo ovo+mcnto conso||o+oo b) ||ontc||+s +g|occu+||+s sob|ctuoo n+ m+|gcm o+
o|cst+ c) zon+ o co|+io o|cst+| c |+n+us cnvo|vcnoo + m+t+ ocns+ c too+ + ||ontc||+ no|tc
onoc sc ocst+c+m |o|+|m+ c o ^|to ||o |cg|o
O m+c|ozonc+mcnto ocsvc|+ um+ ^m+zon|+ +tc +go|+ ouco ovo+o+ |++ oo ||C| b+-
sc+oo no Ccnso ^g|occu+||o |oc+||z+noo os cst+bc|cc|mcntos cx|stcntcs |cvc|+ +ocns+mcnto
ocmog|+co cont|nuo +cn+s +o |ongo oc |c|cm-||+s|||+ c cm |onoon|+ no m+|s const|tu|noo
m+nc|+s oc tc||+s |nco|o|+o+s cm mc|o s o|cst+s |nc|us|vc no |+to C|osso | +ss|m |o|tc-
mcntc ocs|oo|c|on+| o |c|+t|v+mcntc cucno numc|o oc cst+bc|cc|mcntos c + g|+noc cx-
tcnsio cm uc +s o|cst+s sio oc||ub+o+s c t+mbcm cm uc c|csccm +s c|o+ocs
|cvc|+ t+mbcm uc +tc |o,c + ^m+zon|+ so cont+ com |ncom|ct+s c+oc|+s |oout|v+s c com
|cocs uc +tu+m no cs+o v||tu+| +cn+s +o|+o+s cm ontos no tc|||to||o +|t|cu|+noo-o +o
cs+o n+c|on+| c g|ob+| onoc +s occ|socs sio tom+o+s nio conscgu|noo concct+|-sc cnt|c s|
+|+ |o|m+| um+ m+||+ |ntcg|+oo|+ o+ |cg|io c t+mouco |ntcg|+-|+ n+ csc+|+ n+c|on+| | m+|s
|mo|t+ntc +|no+ c+oc|+s c |cocs uc oucos bcnc||c|os t|+zcm +|+ + |cg|io
+| s|tu+io cst+ cm g|+noc +|tc +ssoc|+o+ b+sc cconom|c+ cxt|+t|v|st+ com |+t|c+s oo sccu|o
X|X uc +|no+ c|ou|+m n+ |cg|io m|nc|+| ou m+oc||c||+ uc nio gc|+m bcnc||c|os soc|+|s c |m-
+ct+m ncg+t|v+mcntc + n+tu|cz+ c mcsmo s +t|v|o+ocs mooc|n+s uc nio +g|cg+m v+|o| |o-
ouio n+ mco|o+ cm uc c no cxtc||o| n+ ct++ n+| o+ c+oc|+ uc sc |occss+ + |noust||+||z+io
c os |uc|os sio gc|+oos | ,ust+mcntc um oos m+|o|cs sc nio o m+|o| |mco|mcnto |nc|usio
soc|+| oos |oouto|cs |+m|||+|cs c ou|+ocs t|+o|c|on+|s c o monoo||o oc +ccsso +o mc|c+oo
O ocs+o cst|+tcg|co +|+ um ocscnvo|v|mcnto com mcno| |m+cto +mb|cnt+| tcm s|oo +tc
+go|+ cn||cnt+oo c|+ o||t|c+ oc +|c+s |otcg|o+s uc tcm conscgu|oo cum||| o scu +c|
nos |oc+|s onoc |m|+nt+o+s |+s nio conscgucm b+||+| + cx+nsio cm +|c+s nio |otcg|-
o+s c nio gc|+m cm|cgo c |cno+ cx|g|noo out|+s cst|+tcg|+s |io sc|+ o n+nc|+mcnto +|+
nio ocsm+t+| m+ntcnoo +s o|cst+s |m|oout|v+s uc |ovc|+ o bcm-cst+| m|n|mo +|+ +s
ou|+ocs |cg|on+|s ||n+nc|+mcntos +|+ o |||| ooc|io no m+x|mo const|tu|| +|gum
|ccu|so sc |o|cm gc||oos c|+ |n|io
,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
3. Lies da experincia
^s |ccxocs c||t|c+s sob|c consc|cnc|+ uto|+ c |oco|og|+ cco|og|c+s most|+m-sc c|t|ncntcs |+
um+ |+|z oc uto|+ |cg|t|m+ no ||nc||o oo | uc |cous+ n+ c++c|o+oc oos |omcns oc suc-
|+| const|+ng|mcntos m+tc||+|s c n+ o|vc|s|o+oc oc csco||+s uc sc ||cs o|c|cccm |cssc scnt|oo
o | ocvc sc| cntcno|oo como ||nc||o o|g+n|z+oo| oc um |occsso oc muo+n+ o+s |og|c+s
c|vc|s+s +tu+|s |occsso uc ooc scgu|| c+m|n|os o|vc|sos
|+t+-sc oc cncont|+| os ||m|tcs +|cm oos u+|s +s |+t|c+s cm|cg+o+s sio cont|+||+s + u+|uc|
oss|b|||o+oc oc m+ntc| o n|vc| oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto cm cu|so c mu|to mcnos |omovc| um+
muo+n+ cm tc|mos oc g+|+nt|| um +mb|cntc v|+vc| c oc mc||o|+| const+ntcmcntc +s cono|-
ocs oc v|o+ o+ ou|+io | t+mbcm os ||m|tcs cm uc sc|+ ncccss+||+ +|gum+ subst|tu|io o+
cobc|tu|+ n+tu|+| o| +t|v|o+ocs ncccss+||+s v|o+ |um+n+
^ oc||o+oc +os bons ||nc||os oo | co||csonoc os|io oost+ +o+t+io uc vcm
scnoo |oost+ como um+ mco|o+ oc comb+tc +o +ucc|mcnto g|ob+| ob|ctuoo u+noo
++|ccc como subst|tuto +os cs|o|os oc |couio o+s cm|ssocs oc C|| + +o+t+io m+|c+
um+ |cg|cssio c|+ co||csonoc +cc|t+io oc cc|to octc|m|n|smo n+tu|+| |m vcz oc cn-
||cnt+| c suc|+| os ocs+os + |um+n|o+oc sc contcnt+ cm gc||| |o|+s cxtc|n+s cm cu|to
|+zo (^|||||| )
|gn|c+ uc ||cntc o|vc|s|o+oc oc csco||+s |oost+ c|o | c + otcnc|+||o+oc o+ n+tu|cz+
oo ||+s|| c+bc soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ +c+|c+| +s |oos|ocs g|ob+|s oo | com su+s |c+|s ncccs-
s|o+ocs c oss|b|||o+ocs c +ss|m ocn|| o scu |o||o | cm tc|mos o+ |o|m+ o||t|c+ uc + +|-
t|cu|+io oc |ob|cm+s c o |occsso oc muo+n+ ocvcm +ssum||
Como |c+||z+| n+ |+t|c+ o c+m|n|o +|+ o | o+ ^m+zon|+ c|+ ncccss+||o c||+| cono|ocs
|c |n|c|o |ocnt|c+noo os ocs+os + cn||cnt+| Cons|oc|+noo uc nio |+ m+|s s|stcm+s |cc|+oos
no munoo contcmo|nco o g|+noc ocs+|o + cn||cnt+| c ut|||z+| o +t||mon|o n+tu|+| c sc |nsc-
||| n+ comct|t|v|o+oc g|ob+| scm ocst|u|| + n+tu|cz+ ^ |+|t+ oc um |o,cto n+c|on+| +ocu+oo
s cono|ocs +|t|cu|+|cs o+ |cg|io c cm n|vc| |cg|on+| + |+|t+ oc v|sio cst|+tcg|c+ oos |oouto-
|cs c + c+|cnc|+ oc C;;| sio out|os ocs+|os + cn||cnt+|
|m cont|++|t|o+ os ||nc|+|s t|un|os o+ n+tu|cz+ |cg|on+| ,+ sio |o,c con|cc|oos c cssc co-
n|cc|mcnto vcm scnoo s|stcm+t|z+oo mco|+ntc g|+nocs |o,ctos como o ||^ o Ccom+ c o
||||o | out|os t|un|os cmc|gcm + sc|cm csu|s+oos com u|gcnc|+ como c o c+so oos sc|v|os
+mb|cnt+|s o+ cnc|g|+ so|+| c oo uso oos |ccu|sos n+ n+notccno|og|+
,+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
O cm|cs+||+oo b|+s||c||o +|no+ nio sc ocu cont+ o+s +m|+s oss|b|||o+ocs o|c|cc|o+s c|os nc-
goc|os sustcnt+vc|s uc ncccss|t+m sc| o|n+m|z+oos |c|+to||o sob|c c|cnc|+ c |nov+io no ||+s||
c c+tcgo||co cm +|m+| uc o s|stcm+ oc |nov+io oo +|s cst+ c ocvc sc| cm g|+noc +|tc cons-
t|u|oo sob|c scus |ccu|sos +t|vos c +mb|cntcs n+tu|+|s ocvcnoo-sc cns+| o ||+s|| como um+
cconom|+ oo con|cc|mcnto o+ n+tu|cz+' (|O||| ) |io sc t|+t+ o|t+nto oc um+ cco-
nom|+ vc|oc |oc+||z+o+ n+s tccn|c+s O uc sc |ooc +u| c um novo mooo oc |oouz|| b+sc+-
oo no con|cc|mcnto c++z oc |c|oouz|| +o m+x|mo + s|nc|g|+ o+ n+tu|cz+ c nio oc ocst|u|-|+
O uc |+|t+ +|+ otcnc|+||z+| csscs oaos c suc|+| +s c+|cnc|+s +ont+o+s c + |o|+ o+ C|
|+s o ocs+o cst+ mcnos n+ u+nt|o+oc c no vo|umc oc |ccu|sos +||c+oos c no numc|o oc
ub||c+ocs oo uc n+ n+tu|cz+ c n+ u+||o+oc o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto
| |cc|so cx|o|+| +s oocs oc m+|o| ocns|o+oc c|cnt|c+ c m+|o| ||sco tccno|og|co c++zcs
oc |o|c|+| m+|o|cs |cto|nos soc|+|s c cconom|cos com ||o||z+io oc +|vos octc|m|n+oos c
cnvo|v|mcnto o||cto o+s cm|cs+s cm cst|c|t+ +ssoc|+io com un|vc|s|o+ocs |nst|tutos oc cs-
u|s+ c ocm+|s ccnt|os oc ||
| nio sc t|+t+ somcntc o+s c|cnc|+s cx+t+s O c+m|n|o +|+ o | |m||c+noo +bo|o+| ucstocs
n+s su+s mu|t||+s o|mcnsocs oc |o|m+ |ntcg|+o+ ocm+no+ c|csccntcs |c|+ocs com +s c|cnc|+s
soc|+|s ^ ucstio |nst|tuc|on+| cons|oc|+o+ o| mu|tos como c|+vc +|+ um novo +o|io oc
ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| c um cxcm|o o+ ncccss|o+oc oc |ntc|+io o+s c|cnc|+s
|nm um+ c|cnc|+ vo|t+o+ +|+ + soc|co+oc |moc nov+s |unocs +os c|cnt|st+s |o|+ny|
( o c|t) nomcou como |nst|tu|ocs c++zcs oc cn||cnt+| o oom|n|o o+s |o|+s oc mc|-
c+oo sob|c + soc|co+oc n+ +ss+gcm +|+ o c+|t+||smo |noust||+| os mov|mcntos soc|+|s os
s|no|c+tos c +s o||t|c+s ub||c+s |o,c + c|cnc|+ c + tccno|og|+ com scus o|t+-vozcs cons-
t|tucm um+ |nst|tu|io com +c| ccnt|+| no |occsso oc muo+n+ ocsc,+oo |m+ c|cnc|+
uc nio so ocscub|+ como ut|||z+| o c+|t+| n+tu|+| +ocu+o+mcntc m+s uc sc t|+ns|o|mc
cm s+bcoo||+ um+ c|cnc|+ uc +m||c su+ |csons+b|||o+oc c c++c|o+oc oc csc|+|cc|mcnto
n+io const|tu|noo-sc como |nst|tu|io c++z oc |o|t+|ccc| + +utonom|+ oo |st+oo cm su+
ncgoc|+io com o mc|c+oo c com out|os |st+oos
,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
Referncias
^|||||| C ct |^||^| |e 'a |c:e..co ae 'eo.cooeo: a ao oco.eaa ocae'e ae .cssao.e
|a.:aa': a`s .co.eo:cos sa '` .naoeoeo: .'oa:ae e: 'a oca.es: |aoase |+||s |+ |ocu-
mcnt+t|on ||+n+|sc
^|||||| C ct V|V||| | | |.e'coeo: |aao'e |cux|cmc |o|t|on |+||s |ocumcnt+t|on ||+n+|sc
-
||C||| | | |ovos |umos o+ |o||t|c+ |cg|on+| |o| um |cscnvo|v|mcnto ustcnt+vc| o+ ||ontc||+
^m+zon|c+ |n ||C||| | | |||^||^ | | | (o|gs) Ccog|++ |o||t|c+ oo |cscnvo|v|mcnto
ustcnt+vc| ||o oc |+nc||o |o |||| -
____________ ^m+zon|+n ||ont|c|s +t t|c |cgg|n|ng o| t|c
st
Ccntu|y |n |OC^| || O|-
|^||| | (cos) |aoao |oeoscos c/ G'coa' |o.cooe:a' Cnaoe ||o oc |+nc||o ^c+oc-
m|+ ||+s||c||+ oc C|cnc|+s
____________ |stuoo |nvo|vcnoo ||oost+ oc |o||t|c+ oc C +|+ + ^m+zon|+ ||+s|||+ ||||;
|C
____________ ^m+zon|+ Ccoo||t|c+ n+ V||+o+ oo c|cc||o |||cn|o ||o oc |+nc||o C+|+mono
____________ ||ob|cm+t|z+noo os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s +|+ o |cscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ |n

|m |o,cto +|+ + ^m+zon|+ no sccu|o XX| |cs+|os c cont||bu|ocs ||+s|||+ CC|| +
____________ ^|t|cu|+noo o Com|cxo ||b+no c o Com|cxo Vc|oc n+ ^m+zon|+ |n |m ||o,cto
+|+ + ^m+zon|+ no ccu|o XX| |cs+|os c Cont||bu|ocs ||+s|||+ CC|| b
___________ /a.ccoeaoeo:c aa ôacoa |ea' Vc|sio ||+s|||+ ||^ c
||C||| ||||^ | |O||| C |^||O|O | |m+ v|+ +|+ + ^m+zon|+ ^|t|go ub||c+oo n+ |o||+ oc
io |+u|o oc +b||| oc
|O||| | ||+z|| 'e à:aa' |oc.'eae |.coco, |+oo+|cn |ousc |onoon c ^t|+s o| |oc+s
|^| | | |^||| | |.c'c.a' |.coco.s o.a's aoa a'.a:cos \+s||ngton |+n-^mc||c+n
||||||| ||| ^||| ^|||||| C | |^||^| | o c|t

||^zO| |olba On Llne. |u||o oc
|Ozz|| C O ||+|ogo |ntc|n+c|on+| sob|c + |uo+n+ oo C||m+ ||+s|||+ |mb|++ cxto |nst|tuc|on+|

,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
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||nc|+|t
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:.eo.e c':aes e: .co:e\:es canaes |oea\ ae 'a sca:eoao': |+||s Comm|ss|on ||sto||c
oc |+ cnscc Ccog|+||uc (|C|) ct |ncsco
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|ngton |C
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Inovao, desenvolvimento econmico e
sustentabilidade: as perspectivas do Brasil
Pedro Luiz Barreiros Passos
1. Introduo
^ sustcnt+b|||o+oc c |o,c um v+|o| octc|m|n+ntc oc u+|uc| cst|+tcg|+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
Cons|stc cm |cu|s|to csscnc|+| t+nto cm tc|mos g|ob+|s c|os ||scos v|o+ no |+nct+ u+n-
to +|+ u+|uc| comun|o+oc o| mcno| uc c|+ sc,+ |st+ +ssoc|+o+ u+||o+oc oc v|o+ c +u-
t+|+ tooo o sccu|o XX| c|+ +ss|m +|+ os |no|v|ouos c t+mbcm +|+ +s cm|cs+s
io mu|t+s +s |+zocs +|+ |sso + comc+| c|o +ucc|mcnto g|ob+| c c|+ ncccss|o+oc oc bus-
c+|mos um novo mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto uc sc,+ |nc|us|vo c g+|+nt+ bo+s cono|ocs oc
v|o+ +|+ tooos +o mcsmo tcmo cm uc t|+g+ +o|ocs oc consumo conson+ntcs com + |c-
sc|v+io oo mc|o +mb|cntc O custo oc nio cncont|+|mos css+ so|uio sc|+ mu|to +|to mcsmo
com + |couio oo ||tmo oc c|csc|mcnto + ou|+io muno|+| +|c+n+|+ cnt|c s c +o b|||ocs cm
.o,o u+sc + tot+||o+oc ocssc +umcnto sc o+|+ cm +|scs oc b+|x+ |cno+ cu,+s ou|+ocs +s-
||+m mc||o||+ oc scus +o|ocs oc consumo + c|cv+io cst+|+ conccnt|+o+ cm mcg+c|o+ocs
+s ,o m+|o|cs c|o+ocs cm .o,o |c|cscnt+|io e/ o+ ou|+io muno|+| tc|cmos |cssocs
cno|mcs +|+ +tcnoc| + ocm+no+ ocss+ ou|+io o| |ccu|sos b+s|cos c |n||+cst|utu|+ cst|-
m+-sc uc +| b|||io oc csso+s tc|io |cst||ocs +o +ccsso +gu+ ot+vc| cm .o,o
|ssc u+o|o nos |moc + ncccss|o+oc oc cns+|mos c +tu+|mos oc |o|m+ octc|m|n+o+ |+ mcsm+
m+nc||+ uc os ocscu|||b||os gc|+oos |csu|t+|+m o+ +io +nt|o|c+ csc|+-sc um+ c++c|o+oc oc
+ ||cs|ocntc oo Consc||o oc ôm|n|st|+io o+ |+tu|+
|co|o |u|z |+||c||os |+ssos
,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|csost+ oo con,unto o+ |um+n|o+oc ||c||mcntc t+| |csost+ v||+ scm um+ muo+n+ |+o|c+| nos
+o|ocs oc consumo uc ocscnvo|vcmos + +|t|| o+ |cvo|uio |noust||+| c uc conso||o+mos no
sccu|o XX no uc ooc||+mos c|+m+| oc mooc|o +mc||c+no ||cv+mos b|ut+|mcntc + |oout|-
v|o+oc c o consumo m+tc||+| m+s oc m+nc||+ ocscu|||b|+o+ c |nsustcnt+vc|
O uc nos |m||mc + csc|+n+ oc cncont|+| um+ so|uio c + c++c|o+oc uc tcmos ocmons-
t|+oo oc |omovc| t|+ns|o|m+ocs ^ c|cnc|+ c + tccno|og|+ nos |oo|c|on+|+m s+|o+s +|+
ocs+os |n|m+g|n+vc|s |cssc c+mo c uc cncont|+|cmos +s |csost+s +os |ob|cm+s uc nos
mcsmos nos co|oc+mos |nov+io c sustcnt+b|||o+oc sc|io +|+v|+s gcmc+s no sccu|o XX| û|
|cs|oc um+ o+s g|+nocs oo|tun|o+ocs +|+ o ||+s||
|+ um+ g|+noc convc|gcnc|+ oc o|n|ocs oc uc o ||+s|| v|vc um momcnto cxt|cm+mcntc o-
s|t|vo |ctom+mos o c|csc|mcnto cconom|co +cs+| o+ c||sc |ntc|n+c|on+| oc .oo, |ost|+mos
|+zo+vc| so||ocz no tc||cno m+c|occonom|co +|no+ uc tcn|+mos um+ +gcno+ oc |c|o|m+s
|mo|t+ntcs c|+ ||cntc uc ocvc|io |o|c|+| mc||o|cs cono|ocs oc |nvcst|mcntos ^ cst+b|-
||o+oc conu|st+o+ +nos +t|+s c + m+nutcnio oc um+ o||t|c+ cconom|c+ |csons+vc| tcm-nos
+sscgu|+oo b+scs +ocu+o+s +o c|csc|mcnto |v|ocntcmcntc cont|nu+mos tcnoo |ob|cm+s
com ,u|os |c+|s cxccss|v+mcntc c|cv+oos cmb|o v+|o||z+oo c c|cv+o+ c+|g+ t||but+||+ +bcmos
uc sc|+ ncccss+||o co|||g|| |sso com sob||co+oc scm m+g|c+s c scm +t+||os
|os +nos |cccntcs c cssc ocvc sc| o ccn+||o m+|s |ov+vc| +|+ o |utu|o tcmos c|csc|oo com
b+sc no mc|c+oo |ntc|no c n+ cxo|t+io oc |ooutos ||m+||os |ntcns|vos cm |ccu|sos n+tu-
|+|s |sso c os|t|vo m+s +|no+ c +cn+s +|tc o+ so|uio ^ c|cv+io oo consumo oomcst|co c
+ cont|++|t|o+ oo +ccsso oc m|||ocs oc b|+s||c||os + +o|ocs oc v|o+ m+|s c|cv+oos o uc gc|+
um+ b+sc so||o+ +|+ o c|csc|mcnto mcnos occnocntc oos |umo|cs o+ cconom|+ |ntc|n+c|o-
n+| c| comct|t|vo cm .cooca:es c cxcc|cntc ^|no+ uc mu|t+s oc noss+s cxo|t+ocs tc-
n|+m b+|xo contcuoo tccno|og|co o cs|o|o o| nos ocscno|oo o| cxcm|o no ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto oc tccno|og|+s +|+ + +g||cu|tu|+ t|o|c+| nio sc most|+ ocs|cz|vc|
|cvcmos +|ovc|t+| noss+s v+nt+gcns comct|t|v+s +|+ +g|cg+| m+|o| v+|o| s cxo|t+ocs c
|cc|s+mos +tcnt+| +|+ + |c|cvnc|+ ocmonst|+o+ com too+ + c|+|cz+ nos u|t|mos +nos o+
m+nutcnio oc suc|+v|ts comc|c|+|s c |csc|v+s n+tu|+|s +ocu+o+s |sso sc|+ um+ t+|c|+ com-
|cx+ cscc|+|mcntc +|+ + |noust||+ m+s nio |+ +|tc|n+t|v+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto uc nio +s-
sc o| m+ntc|mos um+ so||o+ c comct|t|v+ cst|utu|+ |noust||+| |nc|us|vc n+s c+oc|+s oc m+|o|
contcuoo tccno|og|co |c|+s sc cncont|+m os mc||o|cs cm|cgos c os mc||o|cs s+|+||os o nio
oocmos nos vo|t+| +|+ ocnt|o +c|co|t+noo uc b+st+ o o|n+m|smo oo mc|c+oo |ntc|no +|+
const|u|| um+ t|+,cto||+ sustcnt+o+ oc c|csc|mcnto
|nov+io ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co c sustcnt+b|||o+oc ^s c|scct|v+s oo ||+s||
,)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
cmos out|+s v+nt+gcns cst|utu|+|s no |o||zontc |m+ c o |c-s+| o|s cm uc csc o cno|-
mc cs|o|o + sc| |c|to +|+ co|c+| um+ cconom|+ mcnos |ntcns|v+ cm c+|bono + ocm+no+
o| cnc|g|+ scgu||+ m+,o||t+||+mcntc su||o+ o| combust|vc|s |ossc|s n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s c
soubc|mos cx|o|+-|o com |ntc||gcnc|+ c |csons+b|||o+oc +mb|cnt+| oc |o|m+ uc nio sc t|+ns-
|o|mc num +g|+v+ntc +|+ um+ +|cc|+io +|no+ m+|o| o+ t+x+ oc cmb|o sc|+ um |mo|t+ntc
comoncntc oc nosso c|csc|mcnto c|os ocs+os uc ooc t|+zc| +|+ + |oouio |noust||+| c
+|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co oo +|s
cmos t+mbcm um+ cno|mc ,+nc|+ oc oo|tun|o+oc c||+o+ c|+ t|+ns|io ocmog|+c+ |o
|utu|o |ox|mo tc|cmos mcno| c|csc|mcnto ou|+c|on+| m+|o| |nsc|io |cm|n|n+ n+ ou-
|+io cconom|c+mcntc +t|v+ (||^) c|csc|mcnto n+ t+x+ oc csco|+||o+oc c sob|ctuoo mcno|
|c|+io oc occnocnc|+ ^ +|cc|+ o+ ou|+io +ou|t+ c|cscc|+ + t+x+s bcm m+|s c|cv+o+s
uc + ou|+io oc ,ovcns c||+n+s c |oosos c gc|+|mos cm|cgos |o|m+|s +|+ csscs +ou|-
tos ooc|cmos c|cscc| ou|+ntc um+ ou ou+s occ+o+s tcnoo tcmo|+||+mcntc mcno|cs
|cssocs n+ ||cntc |cv|ocnc|+||+
|o| m +c|co|to uc + noss+ ||c+ soc|ob|oo|vc|s|o+oc ut|||z+o+ como |+t+|o|m+ oc |nov+io
ooc|+ t|+zc| |mo|t+ntcs o||c|cnc|+|s comct|t|vos +|+ o ||+s|| c||+noo nov+s oo|tun|o+-
ocs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
2. O panorama internacional e a sustentabilidade
| oss|vc| +ntcc|+| +|gum+s tcnocnc|+s |m ||mc||o |ug+| c cv|ocntc uc + |cgu|+io +m-
b|cnt+| sc|+ c+o+ vcz m+|s scvc|+ sc,+ nos |+nos n+c|on+|s sc,+ no |+no |ntc|n+c|on+| |m sc-
gunoo |ug+| +ss|st||cmos + um os|c|on+mcnto c|csccntcmcntc m+|s +t|vo oos consum|oo|cs
n+ oc|cs+ oc |n|c|+t|v+s sustcnt+vc|s o uc c|cv+|+ + |cssio sob|c +s cm|cs+s c os govc|nos
|m tc|cc||o |ug+| oocmos tc| cc|tcz+ oc uc |cc|s+|cmos oc um g|+noc +umcnto n+ cc|-
cnc|+ cnc|gct|c+ c n+ ut|||z+io oc cnc|g|+s nio |ossc|s |cnov+vc|s sc,+m oc o||gcm ||o|c|ct||-
c+ co||c+ ou com b+sc cm b|ocombust|vc|s
^ conscucnc|+ ocsscs |+to|cs sc|+ um+ muo+n+ no +o|io oc consumo c|cmos oc +b+noo-
n+| +o mcnos cm +|tc nossos |+b|tos +tu+|s |oss|vc|mcntc o vc|cu|o |no|v|ou+| c|oc|+ |m-
o|tnc|+ ||cntc +o t|+nso|tc ub||co co|ct|vo ^ |o||+ noio oc vc|cu|o |no|v|ou+| muo+|+
como ,+ cst+ oco||cnoo cm |unio o+s ccntcn+s oc m|||ocs oc novos consum|oo|cs uc sc
+g|cg+m + cssc mc|c+oo nos +|scs cmc|gcntcs |oss+ mob|||o+oc cx|g||+ mcno| consumo oc
combust|vc|s c |cos m+|s b+|xos +|cm oc novos m+tc||+|s c |occssos |oout|vos uc m|n|m|-
zcm |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s c |couz+m + cm|ssio oc c+|bono como c+||os ||b||oos co|c+ocs
vc|ocs c +v|ocs com m+tc||+|s m+|s |cvcs
,s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|sscs +v+nos so v||io com |o|tcs |nvcst|mcntos cm |nov+io cgunoo + ^gcnc|+ |ntc|n+c|on+|
oc |nc|g|+ (||^) cst|m+-sc uc sc|+ ncccss+||o um |nvcst|mcnto +o|c|on+| oc +o t||||ocs oc oo-
|+|cs +tc .o,o sc u|sc|mos c|cg+| +o uc os csu|s+oo|cs |no|c+m sc| um mooc|o |oc+| o+
cconom|+ oc b+|xo c+|bono
C|+noc +|tc ocssc cs|o|o sc o+|+ nos +|scs ,+ ocscnvo|v|oos m+s o +c| o+s c|+m+o+s cco-
nom|+s cmc|gcntcs not+o+mcntc o+ C||n+ c o+ |no|+ sc|+ c+o+ vcz m+|s |mo|t+ntc |io oc-
vcmos mcnos|cz+| os ocs+os uc sc co|oc+m +|+ uc sc,+mos |ot+gon|st+s ocssc |occsso
m+s nio tcmos o| uc nio |ccon|ccc| uc cssc +no|+m+ nos co|oc+ num+ os|io v+nt+,os+
O ||+s|| tcm g|+nocs oo|tun|o+ocs sc soubc| +|ovc|t+| cssc ccn+||o sc son|+| +|to c sc t|vc|
c++c|o+oc oc const|u|| um+ so||o+ v|sio oc |ongo |+zo |cssc scnt|oo oocmos c|t+| +|guns
|mo|t+ntcs vcto|cs oc c|csc|mcnto
|oocmos nos to|n+| ||oc|cs muno|+|s n+ |oouio oc b|ocnc|g|+ n+ c|+m+o+ u|m|c+
vc|oc + u|m|c+ oos novos b|oo||mc|os
|oocmos sc| ||oc|cs n+ |oouio oc +||mcntos sustcnt+vc|s uc ocmonst|cm o| mc|o
o+ |+st|c+b|||o+oc cu|o+oo +mb|cnt+| cm too+s +s ct++s oc su+ |oouio
cmos + oss|b|||o+oc oc sc| com b+sc cm noss+ ||c+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc um oos m+|s |mo|-
t+ntcs o|os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ b|otccno|og|+ muno|+|
|ooc|cmos no |utu|o v+|o|+| os nossos sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s g+|+nt|noo uc noss+ o|s-
on|b|||o+oc oc +gu+ ot+vc| oc so|o +g||cu|tu|+vc| c oc oss|b|||o+ocs oc scucst|o oc
c+|bono sc,+ v|st+ como |o|m+ oc |nc|usio soc|+| c gc|+io oc nov+s |ontcs oc ||ucz+
+|+ o +|s
+mbcm oocmos +t|+|| o |nvcst|mcnto |ntc|n+c|on+| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc nov+s
tccno|og|+s
|cssc novo ccn+||o t+mbcm |cc|s+|cmos s+bc| +|ovc|t+| o+ mc||o| |o|m+ +s oss|vc|s ||-
ucz+s oo |c-s+| c +||n|+-|+s com +s |cocu+ocs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| |sso nio
sc |csumc s mc||o|cs |+t|c+s n+s +t|v|o+ocs oc cx|o|+io c cu|o+oos +mb|cnt+|s m+s t+m-
bcm +o uso oos |ccu|sos oo |c-s+| +|+ +|+v+nc+| noss+s os|ocs cm cnc|g|+s |cnov+vc|s
cm |occssos sustcnt+vc|s c mcsmo n+ +||c+io oo ct|o|co +|+ +|cm oo mc|o combust|vc|
vc|cu|+| |cssc scnt|oo os |ccu|sos oo |c-s+| ocvc|io sc| ut|||z+oos +|+ c||+|mos um+ ou-
+n+ +|+ o +|s uc n+nc|c |nvcst|mcntos cm couc+io c n+ mc||o||+ n+ u+||o+oc oc
v|o+ cm gc|+| oc noss+ ou|+io
,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|+|+ o ||+s|| o c|csc|mcnto b+sc+oo no ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| cons|stc num+ oo|tun|-
o+oc +|+ t|+ns|o|m+| css+s v+nt+gcns com+|+t|v+s cm v+nt+gcns comct|t|v+s O c+m|n|o
+|+ t+nto c |nvcst|| cm con|cc|mcnto c |nov+io
3. Desaos socioambientais como fonte de inovao
| c|csccntc no mc|o cm|cs+||+| o cntcno|mcnto o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc como v+|o| +cs+| oc
s+bc|mos uc |+ +|no+ um+ +|cc|+ oc cm|cs+s uc ||o+m com css+s nov+s cx|gcnc|+s com
um+ v|sio oc .co'ao.e c m|t|g+io oc ||scos cnxc|g+noo + sustcnt+b|||o+oc como um custo
busc+noo |couz|-|o c ocscnvo|vcnoo cst|+tcg|+s +|+ conto|n+| +s cx|gcnc|+s |cg+|s
|o| out|o |+oo vcmos c+o+ vcz m+|s cm|cs+s uc |ocu|+m sc os|c|on+| oc m+nc||+ + +||+|
sustcnt+b|||o+oc c |nov+io c||+noo novos c|c|os oc c|csc|mcnto |c |o|m+ +n+|og+ +o uc |o|
+ tccno|og|+ o+ |n|o|m+io |+ +u| um+ g|+noc muo+n+ oc +|+o|gm+ c um g|+noc g+n|o
oc cc|cnc|+ n+ cconom|+ g|ob+| um vcto| o+ c||+io oc novos ncgoc|os oc novos cm|c-
gos c oc nov+s comctcnc|+s
|m cxcm|o ,+ c|+ss|co ocssc |occsso c + C| ^ cm|cs+ |+nou oucos +nos +t|+s um |o-
g|+m+ c|+m+oo |.coaoa:co uc |uno+mcnt+|mcntc busc+ c||+| ncgoc|os + +|t|| oos
ocs+|os soc|o+mb|cnt+|s ^cs+| oc sc| |c|+t|v+mcntc |cccntc o|s |o| c||+oo cm c|c
+b+|c+v+ ncgoc|os oc +| b|||ocs oc oo|+|cs cm .oo; com cst|m+t|v+ oc +|c+n+| .o b|||ocs
oc oo|+|cs cm .oo, |+t+-sc oc um cxcm|o m+|c+ntc com |oco cm |nov+io +b|+ngcnoo
|nvcst|mcntos novos mooc|os oc ncgoc|os c c||+io oc comctcnc|+s cxtc|n+s Como cxcm-
|o v+|c mcnc|on+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc um+ |ocomot|v+ vc|oc c++z oc |couz|| cm|ssocs c
cconom|z+| combust|vc| io |nvcst|mcntos |c|cv+ntcs o+ C| cm || uc |c|cscnt+m +|+
cstc |og|+m+ cc|c+ oc +| b|||io oc oo|+|cs
|ss+ |n|c|+t|v+ most|+ uc c oss|vc| o scto| cm|cs+||+| sc +ocu+| + csscs novos ocs+os ^|gu-
m+s co|o|+ocs tcm |o,c cono|ocs oc os|c|on+| too+ + su+ c+oc|+ oc |o|ncccoo|cs n+ mcs-
m+ o||cio |sso cons|stc num+ muo+n+ |+o|c+| n+ |oso+ o+ cm|cs+ c oc scus co|+bo|+oo|cs
^ C| cou |+mos+ +ss|m como scu |cs|ocntc +ntc||o| |+c| \c|c| c|o mooc|o c|s |gm+ oc
gcstio oc |occssos c o+ u+||o+oc uc +c+bou sc o||uno|noo c|o munoo |+s |o| com |c|cy
|mmc|t cm .oo| uc + C| +ootou + b+noc||+ o+ |nov+io c o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc como c+us+
|uno+mcnt+| o+ cm|cs+ |ss+ ostu|+ c scm ouv|o+ um cxcm|o +|+ o munoo cm|cs+||+|
o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
4. O panorama brasileiro: o exemplo da natura
|cssc contcxto ocs++oo| v+|c mcnc|on+| o nosso c+so o+ |+tu|+ |m +,,; + cm|cs+ v|-
v|+ um ocs+o uc cons|st|+ cm tc| +ccsso + nov+s tccno|og|+s +|+ mc||o|+| os scus |oou-
tos c comct|| cm c oc |gu+|o+oc com os conco||cntcs Os ||nc|+|s 'a,es c|+m cm|c-
s+s mu|t|n+c|on+|s com um+ +m|+ b+sc oc csu|s+ c|cnt|c+ |ovcn|cntc oc |nvcst|mcn-
tos nos scto|cs |+|m+ccut|cos c oc +||mcntos ^ tccno|og|+ oc cosmct|cos oc||v+v+ cm su+
m+|o| +|tc oos |nvcst|mcntos ncsscs scgmcntos oczcn+s oc vczcs m+|o|cs oo uc + noss+
c++c|o+oc n+ncc||+
|+uc|c momcnto c|cg+mos + cns+| cm |c+||z+| um+ +|cc||+ cst|+tcg|c+ +|+ tc| +ccsso s
tccno|og|+s uc cons|oc|+v+mos csscnc|+|s +|+ os nossos |ooutos |ss+ nio c|+ um+ occ|sio
|+c|| c cnt|c csu|s+s c cont+tos |ntc|n+c|on+|s |cct|mos ou|+ntc +|ox|m+o+mcntc um +no
^ +|t|| ocss+ cxc||cnc|+ occ|o|mos const|u|| nosso |o||o c+m|n|o uc +c|co|to uc t+|vcz
tcn|+ s|oo + m+|o| |nov+io uc zcmos nos u|t|mos tcmos
om+mos + occ|sio oc |+zc| oo uso sustcnt+vc| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ + noss+ |+t+|o|m+
oc |nov+io c csu|s+ ^ss|m cm .ooo oco|s oc t|cs +nos oc mu|to cs|o|o |+n+mos + ||n|+
||O |o| um+ |cvo|uio ocnt|o o+ cm|cs+ o|s o ouco con|cc|mcnto uc cx|st|+ sob|c os
|ng|co|cntcs n+tu|+|s no ||+s|| +|no+ sc cncont|+v+ ocnt|o o+ +c+ocm|+ +|cm oc +|no+ nio cx|st||
um+ c+oc|+ oc |o|ncc|mcnto cst|utu|+o+ c uc uocssc +tcnoc| noss+ ocm+no+
^ com|+ oc m+tc||+s-||m+s n+tu|+|s como o| cxcm|o + c+st+n|+ o b|cu b|+nco o mu-
|umu|u c + +no||ob+ t|ouxc um+ nov+ o|nm|c+ +|+ + cm|cs+ |+ss+mos + +com+n|+| os
c|c|os o+ n+tu|cz+ cm con,unto com c|c|os oo nosso ncgoc|o O |c|+c|on+mcnto com +s co-
mun|o+ocs cxt|+t|v|st+s t+mbcm nos t|ouxc um+ sc||c oc nov+s comctcnc|+s como con|c-
c|mcntos cm ctnobotn|c+ cu|o+oos com + |c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os c com o o||c|to oc uso
oc |m+gcns c + cst|utu|+io oc |+nos oc m+nc,o c |+nos |oc+|s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto +|cm
o+ const|uio oc um+ +m|+ |coc oc |c|+c|on+mcnto com un|vc|s|o+ocs govc|nos c O|C
ô |n+ugu|+| css+ |+t+|o|m+ oc csu|s+ b+sc+o+ no uso sustcnt+vc| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c|-
|+ c n+ comb|n+io oo con|cc|mcnto t|+o|c|on+| com + tccno|og|+ +ocnt|+mos cm um c+mo
cm uc + o|sos|io +|+ o +|cno|z+oo c +|+ o o|+|ogo ocvc sc| c|m+ncntcmcntc cu|t|v+o+
| ncccss+||o cst+| o|sosto + cn||cnt+| obst+cu|os c + c||+| como ,+ c||+mos |o cnt+nto cm
ocz +nos t|vcmos cxcc|cntcs |csu|t+oos c |nov+mos ||nc|+|mcntc n+ m+nc||+ como gc|+mos
v+|o| +|+ too+ + noss+ c+oc|+ oc |o|ncc|mcnto
|+|tc ocssc +|cno|z+oo vc|o com + com|+ oc cm|cs+ uc |oouz|+ tomco|c+mcntos no
||o oc |+nc||o o ncgoc|o cm s| nio t|ouxc os |csu|t+oos csc|+oos sob|ctuoo o| o|cu|o+ocs
+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|cgu|+to||+s no cnt+nto t|vcmos cont+to com um+ |+nt+st|c+ co|cio oc +t|vos c oc con|cc|-
mcntos uc cont||bu|u +|+ o nosso ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|css+ t|+,cto||+ |c|o|+mos + b|+s|||o+oc o+ m+|c+ |+tu|+ c +o mcsmo tcmo c||+mos um o||c-
|cnc|+| c um+ nov+ |o|+ +|+ + |ntc|n+c|on+||z+io o+ cm|cs+ ,+ uc +s |nov+ocs uc |cv+mos
+ c+bo nos c|m|t||+m +|c+n+| um +t+m+| |ntc|n+c|on+| oc u+||o+oc c +|no+ m+|s |mo|t+n-
tc cv|t+| um con||onto o||cto com +s tccno|og|+s t|+o|c|on+|s oos nossos conco||cntcs Como
cm tooo |occsso oc |nov+io +ssum|mos um ||sco |n|+mos um con,unto oc +ocs uc nio
cst+v+ c||c|t+mcntc o|g+n|z+oo |io c|+m |ooutos oc |+tc|c||+ +o cont|+||o cx|g|+m um
|ongo |occsso oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto com + cont||bu|io oc o|vc|sos +to|cs
|o,c ||oc|+mos + tccno|og|+ oo uso sustcnt+vc| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc no scto| oc cosmct|cos +|go
uc tcm s|oo mu|to |mo|t+ntc +|+ o c|csc|mcnto o+ cm|cs+ ^|cm o|sso t|ouxcmos |csu|-
t+oos s|gn|c+t|vos +|+ noss+ |coc oc |c|+c|on+mcnto cmos cm nosso o|t|o||o ,+ |nsumos
o||c|cntcs o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ uc com|+mos oc .e comun|o+ocs o||c|cntcs ^ m+|o|
+|tc cst+ no ||om+ ^m+zon|co m+s tcmos |nsumos com o||gcm no Cc||+oo c n+ |+t+ ^t|n-
t|c+ io |ng|co|cntcs |oouz|oos o| +|ox|m+o+mcntc m|| |+m|||+s oocnoo c|cg+| + m||
nos |ox|mos +nos com |m+cto soc|+| mu|to |c|cv+ntc +|+ css+s |oc+||o+ocs
|o| m v+|c mcnc|on+| uc |o,c o uso sustcnt+vc| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc sc |nsc|c cm um+ cst|+tcg|+
m+|s +m|+ uc |ntc|n+mcntc c|+m+mos oc vcgct+||z+io c uc busc+ subst|tu|| cm noss+s |o|-
mu|+s os +t|vos oc |ontcs m|nc|+|s c +n|m+|s o| |ng|co|cntcs |ovcn|cntcs oc |ontcs |cnov+vc|s
5. Uma agenda para a poltica brasileira de apoio inovao e
sustentabilidade
|io c t+|c|+ s|m|cs +||n|+| o con,unto o+s mco|o+s oc +o|o |nov+io c oc suo|tc sustcn-
t+b|||o+oc |o| sc|cm tcm+s t|+nsvc|s+|s o|scut|| ou oct+||+| css+s o||t|c+s |cssuoc +bo|o+|
um con,unto mu|to v+sto oc +ocs coo|ocn+o+s |css+ m+nc||+ scm uc|c| csgot+| o +ssunto
gost+||+ oc ocm+|c+| +|gum+s ucstocs uc cons|oc|o c||t|c+s c uc oocm nos |mu|s|on+| oc
|o|m+ cst|+tcg|c+ + um+ nov+ +gcno+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
cmos oc |ctom+| o |+nc,+mcnto oc |ongo |+zo um+ vcz uc ,+ suc|+mos + |+sc cm uc o
cu|to |+zo |coom|n+v+ n+ +gcno+ b|+s||c||+ ^ss|m cst+mos cm um momcnto oo|tuno +|+
|+zc|mos +s csco||+s cst|+tcg|c+s uc v+|o||zcm noss+s voc+ocs |uno+mcnt+|s
|cssc scnt|oo oc|cnoo uc |nov+io c sustcnt+b|||o+oc |++m +|tc oc too+s +s o||t|c+s ub||-
c+s |css+ |o|m+ c||tc||os soc|o+mb|cnt+|s |cc|s+m sc| ut|||z+oos o| +gcnc|+s oc |omcnto c n+
:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
ocn|io oc o||t|c+s t||but+||+s oc |o|m+ + |nccnt|v+| + +gcno+ o+ |nov+io c o+ sustcnt+b|||o+-
oc ^|no+ |o,c no ||+s|| |o,ctos ucst|on+vc|s oo onto oc v|st+ +mb|cnt+| tcm s|oo n+nc|+-
oos o| b+ncos c +gcnc|+s ub||c+s
^ ucstio |uno+mcnt+| +|+ o nosso |utu|o c + couc+io |osso com|om|sso ocvc sc| oc
cm .o +nos cst+|mos cnt|c os mc||o|cs +o|ocs couc+c|on+|s oo munoo | um |+no |+ct|vc|
c + tccno|og|+ nos +,uo+|+ + suc|+| +|gum+s b+||c||+s uc nio ooc||+mos vcncc| no +ss+-
oo cm css+ conu|st+ ||uto oo com|om|sso oc too+ + soc|co+oc nio +t|ng||cmos ncn|um
ob,ct|vo oc |ongo |+zo
|cssc c+mo +|ovc|to +|+ c|+m+| +tcnio +|+ o g+|g+|o cm mio oc ob|+ cscc|+||z+o+ uc
tcmos no +|s cm cscc|+| com |o|m+io +|+ cngcn|+||+ cgunoo o |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc
|stuoos c |csu|s+s |ouc+c|on+|s ^n|s|o c|xc||+ (||||) o numc|o oc cngcn|c||os |o|m+oos no
||+s|| cm .oos cm too+s +s cscc|+||o+ocs c oc ,o m|| Os ocm+|s +|scs oo |||C |o|m+m o|
+no mu|to m+|s cngcn|c||os oo uc nos + |uss|+ |o|m+ +.o m|| + |no|+ .oo m|| c + C||n+ ,oo
m|| |sscs numc|os |no|c+m c|+|+mcntc + noss+ oc|+s+gcm n+ |o|m+io oc cngcn|c||os c o g+|-
g+|o uc tc|cmos no |utu|o |ox|mo
Out|o +sccto uc gost+||+ oc s+||cnt+| c o cm|ccnocoo||smo O |st+oo c |mo|t+ntc n+ bus-
c+ oc um+ soc|co+oc m+|s ,ust+ c n+ c|c|io oc ||o||o+ocs m+s nio ooc |+zc| tuoo ^ |nov+-
io n+scc |uno+mcnt+|mcntc o+ cnc|g|+ cm|ccnocoo|+ oo scto| ||v+oo |m +mb|cntc |o|-
c|o +|+ o n+sc|mcnto oc novos ncgoc|os com +o|o c n+nc|+mcnto sc|+ o g|+noc |csons+vc|
c|o mov|mcnto oc |nov+io no +|s
|n|+t|zo t+mbcm + o|mcnsio o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ Os |nst|tutos oc c|cn-
c|+ c tccno|og|+ uc tcm o +c| oc t|+ouz|| os con|cc|mcntos +c+ocm|cos cm tccno|og|+s
+|+ o scto| ||v+oo nio |cccbc|+m + +tcnio ncccss+||+ nos u|t|mos +nos +|cm oc c|m+-
nccc|cm cm su+ m+|o| +|tc conco||cnoo com + csu|s+ +c+ocm|c+ cm vcz oc sc vo|t+|cm
+|+ +s ncccss|o+ocs o+s cm|cs+s
|on|os+s cxccocs mc|cccm sc| v+|o||z+o+s ^ |mb|++ c um g|+noc cxcm|o Out|o c o
|nst|tuto oc |csu|s+s ccno|og|c+s cm io |+u|o (||) uc |o| um+ o+s b+scs oo ocscnvo|-
v|mcnto o+ |noust||+ oc io |+u|o |nst|tutos ocss+ n+tu|cz+ tcm cono|ocs oc |c+||z+| |nvcs-
t|mcntos cm || |c-comct|t|vo uc mu|t+s vczcs + |noust||+ nio tcm cono|ocs oc |+zc|
ou so ooc |+zc| oc |o|m+ conso|c|+o+ o| mc|o oc +|gum n+nc|+mcnto cst+t+| como no
c+so oc |+nt+s ||otos ^|guns ocsscs |o,ctos |cc|s+m c|o ||sco c c|o |+to oc sc|v||cm
+ mu|tos usu+||os oc um +o|o cscc|co oo ooc| ub||co como oco||c cm out|os +|scs
|cssc scnt|oo ocvcmos csco||c| u+|s sc|io os nossos scto|cs cst|+tcg|cos c |oc+| no |o|t+|c-
c|mcnto oc |nst|tutos vo|t+oos + css+ cst|+tcg|+
,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Out|+ o|mcnsio uc cons|oc|o |c|cv+ntc mcnc|on+| c + ncccss|o+oc oc +||mo|+|mos os
|nst|umcntos oc +o|o |nov+io n+s cm|cs+s |io tcn|o ouv|o+ oc uc t|vcmos mc||o-
||+s cm tc|mos oos mooc|os oc |nccnt|vos sc+|s c oc subvcnocs +|+ o scto| ||v+oo no
cnt+nto |cc|s+mos +umcnt+| c +||mo|+| os mcc+n|smos oc +o|o |nov+io O |nst|tuto
oc |stuoos +|+ o |cscnvo|v|mcnto |noust||+| (||||) |cz |cccntcmcntc um cstuoo sob|c +
|nov+io no +|s |ssc cstuoo most|ou uc cc|c+ oc oo|s tc|os oc tooo o +o|o govc|n+-
mcnt+| b|+s||c||o sio |csu|t+ntcs o+ |cnunc|+ sc+| o+ |c| oc |n|o|m+t|c+ uc |couz o ||| oos
bcns oc |n|o|m+t|c+ +|+ uc + |oouio oo |cst+ntc oo +|s sc,+ com+t|vc| com os |nccnt|-
vos concco|oos n+ zon+ ||+nc+ oc |+n+us ^ |c| oc |n|o|m+t|c+ contuoo mcsmo cx|g|noo
cont|++|t|o+ oc g+sto cm || c|+s cm|cs+s c mu|to m+|s um+ cont|ngcnc|+ o+ cx|stcnc|+
oc um |cg|mc t||but+||o cscc||co n+ zon+ ||+nc+ oc |+n+us uc um+ |c| oc |nccnt|vo +
|| ^ss|m sc nio cons|oc|+|mos os |nccnt|vos o+ |c| oc |n|o|m+t|c+ o +o|o o||cto c |no|-
|cto + || no ||+s|| |couz-sc + oo;/ oo ||| |m v+|o| b+|xo +|+ + |c+||o+oc |ntc|n+c|on+|
com+|+vc| +cn+s +o uc c |+t|c+oo no |cx|co ( oo |||) c mu|to +b+|xo oo cx|s-
tcntc nos +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos |s+n|+ ( oo |||) |c|no |n|oo ( oo |||) ||+n+
(o+s/ oo |||) c ||^ (o../ oo |||)
| cc|to uc tcmos um |ob|cm+ uc t|+nsccnoc +o |cg|mc oc |nccnt|vos tcmos um+ cu|tu|+ no
|o||o scto| ||v+oo uc |o,c vc |nov+io mu|to m+|s ||g+o+ mc||o||+ oc |occssos o| mc|o
o+ com|+ oc cu|+mcntos |+b|tu+mo-nos + cnc+|+| + tccno|og|+ como +|go uc sc com|+
o uc com o tcmo +c+b+ o|m|nu|noo + |mo|tnc|+ o+o+ + |nvcst|mcntos cm |nov+io |sso
s|gn|c+ uc nosso |ob|cm+ nio sc |csumc |+|t+ oc |nccnt|vos m+s t+mbcm sc ocvc cu|tu|+
v|gcntc cm +|tc oo scto| cm|cs+||+|
^|no+ no +sccto oo +o|o s cm|cs+s cm uc csc +os |og|cssos uc tcmos t|oo como os
+o|os oo |||| c o+ ||nc scgu|mos com + o||cu|o+oc oc obtc| |n+nc|+mcnto oc out|+s |on-
tcs c uc sc,+m oc |ongo |+zo no ||+s|| O custo oo c+|t+| c c|cv+oo ||cntc +o |+t|c+oo no
cxtc||o| c o +ccsso + c|c c o|||c|| cm cscc|+| +|+ mco|+s c cucn+s cm|cs+s
|cssc scnt|oo |cc|s+mos ocscnvo|vc| nov+s |ontcs oc n+nc|+mcnto uc t+mbcm ||v||cg|cm
+s cucn+s c mco|+s cm|cs+s +|cm oc const|u|| um s|stcm+ oc .eo:ae .a:a' +|+ |o|t+|c-
cc| o comoncntc oc c+|t+| oc ||sco |m mu|tos +|scs uc tcm |o|tcs s|stcm+s oc |nov+io os
mooc|os oc .eo:ae .a:a' com +|t|c|+io oo govc|no c oo scto| ||v+oo t|+zcm g|+nocs
cont||bu|ocs +|+ + +gcno+ n+c|on+| oc |nov+io
Out|+ o|mcnsio uc us+mos oc |o|m+ m+|g|n+| m+s uc ocvcmos |nco|o|+| oc m+nc||+ m+|s
c|ct|v+ +gcno+ cconom|c+ c o |nccnt|vo |oouio c +o consumo oc bcns oc mcno| |m+c-
to +mb|cnt+| com |couio c s|m||c+io oc su+ c+|g+ t||but+||+ |o +ss+oo us+mos csscs
o||c|cnc|+|s m+|s |ntcns+mcntc u+noo o+ |nt|oouio oo +|coo| como combust|vc| vc|cu|+|
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz

O c+||o e\ os b|ocombust|vc|s ou os |ooutos uc |nco|o|+m + o|mcnsio o+ sustcnt+b|||-
o+oc +o |ongo oc scu c|c|o oc v|o+ ocvc||+m tc| t|+t+mcntos o||c|cnc|+oos
|m |mo|t+ntc +sccto uc n+ |+tu|+ +|cnocmos uc c occ|s|vo |c|c|c-sc so||ocz oos
m+|cos |cgu|+to||os c +o scu +||n|+mcnto +os ob,ct|vos oc |nccnt|vo |nov+io c sustcnt+b|-
||o+oc |os ||o+mos com +ssuntos o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ocsoc +,,s c +tc |o,c o m+|co |cg+| +|no+
c ||+g|| c gc|+ |nscgu|+n+ ,u||o|c+ +|+ +s cm|cs+s |sso c um |ob|cm+ g|+vc +|+ um +|s uc
uc| c tcm cono|ocs oc us+| su+ mcg+b|oo|vc|s|o+oc como v+nt+gcm +|+ scu os|c|on+mcn-
to cst|+tcg|co no |+no muno|+| cmos |ob|cm+s t+mbcm n+ cc+c|+ oc nosso s|stcm+ oc
|otcio |o||co+oc |ntc|cctu+| Com too+s +s mc||o||+s |cccntcs c|c +|no+ c um s|stcm+
|cnto c |o| ouco ut|||z+oo c|+s cm|cs+s
|o| m ncst+ b|cvc +gcno+ oc o||t|c+ oc +o|o sustcnt+b|||o+oc c |nov+io gost+||+ oc
c|+m+| +tcnio +|+ um+ ucstio uc nos ocb+tcs c+ mu|t+s vczcs csucc|oo |mbo|+ +|c-
+ uc o ||+s|| ,+ |cso|vcu tooos os scus |ob|cm+s m+c|occonom|cos c uc +go|+ |cc|s+mos
comc+| + |cso|vc| os |ob|cm+s o+ m|c|occonom|+ +c|co|to uc +|no+ tcmos |+to|cs m+c|oc-
conom|cos uc |mcocm o nosso |og|csso c uc o|cu|t+m + comct|t|v|o+oc o+ |n|c|+t|v+ ||-
v+o+ ^cs+| o+ conu|st+ o+ cst+b|||o+oc cconom|c+ +|no+ tcmos obst+cu|os como ,u|os +|tos
cmb|o v+|o||z+oo c c+|g+ t||but+||+ mu|to c|cv+o+ ^|cm ocsscs |+to|cs v+|c mcnc|on+| out|o
||+| uc mc|ccc mu|t+ +tcnio + |ncc|cnc|+ oo |st+oo b|+s||c||o
cmos um |st+oo g|+noc c |ccon|cc|o+mcntc |ncc|cntc |io oocmos csuccc| uc |o,c +
+om|n|st|+io ub||c+ consomc u+sc |o/ oo nosso ||| | um numc|o mu|to +|to +|+ o t|o
oc sc|v|o uc o scto| ub||co |cst+ +|+ o c|o+oio cm tc|mos oc scgu|+n+ ub||c+ couc+-
io s+uoc ^|cm o|sso o |st+oo b|+s||c||o |nvcstc mu|to ouco cgunoo o+oos oo |unoo |o-
nct+||o |ntc|n+c|on+| (|||) nos o|to +nos +n+||s+oos (-) o ||+s|| |cou mu|to +b+|xo o+
mco|+ oc |nvcst|mcnto ub||co u+noo com+|+oo +os +|scs cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto ^ mco|+
c|csccu oc +|+ oo ||| no c||ooo ^ t+x+ b|+s||c||+ no mc||o| +no ncm c|cgou
+ ./ oo ||| ^ noss+ mco|+ c oc +e,/ oo ||| o +|+ sc tc| um+ |oc|+ + t+x+ c||ncs+ +|c+n+ o|
vo|t+ oc .o/ ^ss|m os |csu|t+oos nio cono|zcm com + +|t+ c+|g+ oc |mostos (um+ o+s m+|o|cs
cnt|c os cmc|gcntcs) c os c|cv+oos g+stos ub||cos
Cost+||+ +|no+ oc cn|+t|z+| + ucstio o+ ^m+zon|+ |o,c tcn|o + conv|cio oc uc ooc-
mos |omovc| um+ |o|tc |nsc|io comct|t|v+ o+ |noust||+ n+c|on+| no tc||cno o+ b|otccno-
|og|+ + +|t|| oc noss+ ||c+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c o+ ^m+zon|+ cm cscc|+| ^c|co|to uc + ^m+zo-
n|+ ooc|+ sc| um+ g|+noc |ontc oc |nov+io c con|cc|mcnto +|+ o +|s c +o us+-|+ oc m+-
nc||+ sustcnt+vc| gc|+noo |nc|usio soc|+| c |cno+ ooc|cmos c||+| um novo mooc|o oc oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto uc s||v+ oc cxcm|o +|+ o munoo |m+ v|sio oc |ongo |+zo o+ ^m+zon|+
,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
ocvc sc| +com+n|+o+ o| o||t|c+s ub||c+s uc v|+b|||zcm o +|ovc|t+mcnto cconom|co
oos sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s |cc|s+mos c||+| t+|s mcc+n|smos
||n+||zo com+|t|||+noo + scgu|ntc |c|cxio o ||+s|| ooc sc| um+ |ontc oc |ns||+io +|+ um
munoo uc cst+ ocscu|||b|+oo c cm +cc|c|+oo |occsso oc g|ob+||z+io c un|vc|s+||z+io |o-
ocmos o|uc somos um +|s mcg+o|vc|so com mu|t+s ||ucz+s cu|tu|+|s soc|+|s c +mb|cnt+|s
| |mo|t+ntc conscgu||mos |+zc| um+ s|ntcsc ocss+s v+nt+gcns c t||+|mos scus bcnc||c|os | c
ncssc contcxto uc vcmos + oo|tun|o+oc +|+ nos to|n+|mos um +|s |ot+gon|st+ no ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto o+ nov+ cconom|+ oo sccu|o XX|
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Desenvolvimento sustentvel do semirido
brasileiro
Aldrin Martin Perez-Marin
, Pedro Dantas Fernandes
,
Albericio Pereira de Andrade
, Roberto Germano Costa
e Rmulo Simes Csar Menezes
Resumo
|os |ox|mos +nos c |cc|so uc sc cx+no+ c conso||oc o +tu+| mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to n+c|on+| com |nc|usio c|ct|v+ o+s |cg|ocs m+|s csucc|o+s c|+s o||t|c+s govc|n+mcnt+|s
como oco|||oo no +ss+oo |m |c|+io +o cm|+||oo |+ um+ o|v|o+ ||sto||c+ + |cuc|c| o||-
t|c+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto m+|s c|ct|v+s +o|tc oc con|cc|mcnto c tccno|og|+ +|+ o|n+m|z+|
c |ccst|utu|+| + +t|v|o+oc cconom|c+ cm tooos os scus cs+os ||o||z+noo scm|c +s +ocs
oc |nc|usio soc|+| |o| su+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s c||m+t|c+s c s|og|+c+s +s |ntc|vcnocs n+ |cg|io
ocvcm m+x|m|z+| os bcnc||c|os soc|occonom|cos +|+ + gc|+io |cscntc |csc|v+noo + u+-
||o+oc +mb|cnt+| c + c++c|o+oc oc |oouio +|+ +s gc|+ocs |utu|+s +sscgu|+noo +ss|m
+ m+nutcnio o+ |oout|v|o+oc b|o|og|c+ g+|+nt|+s oc um ocscnvo|v|mcnto com sustcn-
t+b|||o+oc O cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o c um g|+noc ocs+o o| su+ cxtcnsio tc|||to||+| c g|+noc
ou|+io |cuc|cnoo m+|o| com|om|sso oc govc|nos c o+ soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ io mu|t+s
+s otcnc|+||o+ocs oo sc|tio ||utos n+t|vos o|cs c |+nt+s o|n+mcnt+|s mu|t+s ||+g|nc|+s +
+ |csu|s+oo| oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oo cm|+||oo (||^;|C) ^v ||o||+no |c|xoto ;+, . +no+| Ccnt|o C+m|n+ C|+noc (||)
C|| ,s|oo-+e, |-m+|| +|o||n,|ns+govb|
. Coo|ocn+oo| oc |csu|s+ oo ||^;|C ^v ||o||+no |c|xoto ;+, . +no+| Ccnt|o C+m|n+ C|+noc (||) C|| ,s|oo-+e,
|-m+|| o+nt+s,|ns+govb| |o|s|st+ oo C||
, |||cto| ô,unto oo ||^;|C ^v ||o||+no |c|xoto ;+, . +no+| Ccnt|o C+m|n+ C|+noc (||) C|| ,s|oo-+e, |-m+||
+|bc||c|o,uo|comb| |o|s|st+ oo C||
| |||cto| oo ||^;|C ^v ||o||+no |c|xoto ;+, . +no+| Ccnt|o C+m|n+ C|+noc (||) C|| ,s|oo-+e, |-m+|| bctogc|m+no,
|otm+||com |o|s|st+ oo C||
, ||o|csso| ô,unto oo |c+|t+mcnto oc |nc|g|+ |uc|c+| (|||) |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oc |c|n+mbuco (||||) ^v ||o| |u|z
||c||c +ooo C||,o;|o-,|o |cc||c (||) |-m+|| |mcnczcs,u|cb| |o|s|st+ oo C||
^|o||n |+|t|n |c|cz-|+||n |co|o |+nt+s |c|n+nocs
^|bc||c|o |c|c||+ oc ^no|+oc |obc|to Cc|m+no Cost+ c |omu|o |mocs Ccs+| |cnczcs
s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
sc|cm cx|o|+o+s m|nc||os +|tcs+n+to g+st|onom|+ c ||nc|+|mcntc + g|+noc ||ucz+ cm
||nc||os totc|+|cos n+ g|+noc m+|o||+ o+s |+nt+s o+ |cg|io O ||+s|| nio ocsc|tou +|no+
+|+ as rlquezas e para o mllagre do desabrocbar de vlda no Semlarldo...
alavras-cbave. sustcnt+b|||o+oc C++t|ng+ otcnc|+||o+ocs +|+o|gm+s ||ucz+s
Sustainable development of the brazilian semi-arid
Abstract
|o :ne .coo ,eas : s oe.essa, :c e\aoa aoa .cosc'aa:e :ne .aeo: oa:coa' ae.e'coeo:
ocae' .:n ee.:.e o.'asco c/ :ne ecos ocs: /cc::eo o, c.eooeo:a' c'.es as c..aea
o :ne as: |o e'a:co :c :ne :eoaa :nee s a ns:c.a' aeo: eao oce ee.:.e ae.e'c
oeo: c'.es .co:oa:co c/ oc.'eae aoa :e.noc'ces :c oae oce a,oao. aoa es:a.:ae
:ne e.coco. a.:.:es o a'' :ne sa.es c/ :ne eco a'.a,s c:o a.:cos c/ sc.a' o.'asco
|ae :c :s .'oa:. aoa ecan. .naa.:es:.s o:e.eo:cos o :ne eco snca'a oa\oe :ne
sc.ce.coco. oeoe:s /c :ne eseo: eoea:co .n'e ese.o :ne eo.cooeo:a' aa':, aoa
caa.:co .aa.:, /c /a:ae eoea:cos :neeo, eosao :ne oao:eoao.e c/ oc'c.a' c
aa.:.:, eosao a sas:aoao'e ae.e'coeo: 'e 8a'ao :eoaa s a ea: .na''eoe /c :s
:e:ca' e\:eosco aoa 'ae ca'a:co eao ea:e .coo:oeo: /co Gc.eooeo:s aoa
8a'ao sc.e:, 'ee ae oao, c:eo:a':es o :ne eco oa:.e /a:s c.es aoa coaoeo
:a' 'ao:s oao, /aao.es :c e\'ce ooea' s:coes naoa.a/: as:coco, aoa ese.a'', :ne
ea: .ea':n o n,:c:nea. o.'es o :ne .as: oac:, c/ :ne 'ao:s c/ :ne eco 8a' oc:
a.aeoea ,e: :c :ne .nes aoa :ne oa.'e c/ '/e o'cco o :ne :eoaa
Keywords: sas:aoao':, Caa:oa c:eo:a':es aaaos .nes
1. Sobre desenvolvimento
|m +,s, |o| c||+o+ c|+ ^sscmb|c|+ Cc|+| o+ O|| + \o||o Com|ss|on on |nv||onmcnt +no
|cvc|omcnt - \C|| |cs|o|o+ o| C|o |+||cm ||unot|+no coc+ + ||mc||+-m|n|st|+ o+
|o|ucg+ com + |ncumbcnc|+ oc |ccx+m|n+| +s ucstocs c||t|c+s sob|c mc|o +mb|cntc c ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto c |ccns+| +s |oost+s oc +bo|o+gcm oc um+ |o|m+ m+|s |c+||st+ sob|c o tcm+
|ss+ Com|ssio ocvc||+ |oo| nov+s no|m+s oc cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| uc uocsscm o||cn-
t+| o||t|c+s c +ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s oc mooo + |omovc| +s muo+n+s uc sc |+z|+m ncccss+||+s
(\C|| +,s;) |o |c|+to||o c|+bo|+oo c|+ Com|ssio ++|cccu c|+ ||mc||+ vcz oc |o|m+ c|+|+
|cscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| oo scm|+||oo b|+s||c||o
,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
o concc|to oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto ustcnt+vc| cmbo|+ c|c ,+ cst|vcssc cm gcst+io com out|os
nomcs ocsoc + occ+o+ +ntc||o|
|o oocumcnto |nt|tu|+oo |osso |utu|o Comum |+n+oo cm +,s; (t+mbcm con|cc|oo como
|c|+to||o ||unot|+no) + Com|ssio |ocu|ou ocsc|t+| + |um+n|o+oc +|+ + ncccss|o+oc oc
um novo t|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c++z oc m+ntc| o |og|csso cm too+ + tc||+ |o t|+b+||o
|o| c||t|c+oo o mooc|o +oot+oo c|os +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos o| sc| |nsustcnt+vc| c |moss|vc| oc
sc| co|+oo o| out|+s n+ocs sob cn+ oc sc csgot+|cm |+|o+mcntc os |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s oo
|+nct+ ^ss|m su|g|u o concc|to oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|
^tcno|mcnto o+s ncccss|o+ocs oo |cscntc scm com|omctc| + oss|b|||o+oc oc +s gc|+ocs
|utu|+s +tcnoc|cm +s su+s |o||+s ncccss|o+ocs (\C|| +,s;)
|cssc concc|to |o|+m cmbut|oos c|o mcnos oo|s |mo|t+ntcs ||nc||os o oc necessldades c
o o+ noo de llmltao. O ||mc||o t|+t+ oc cu|o+oc (+tcno|mcnto +s ncccss|o+ocs csscnc|+|s
oc tooos |nc|us|vc os ob|cs) c o out|o o|z |csc|to s conscucnc|+s sob|c o uso |||m|t+oo c |n-
o|sc||m|n+oo oc tccno|og|+ c o+ o|g+n|z+io soc|+| sob|c o mc|o +mb|cntc (\C|| +,s;) Como
+s ncccss|o+ocs |um+n+s sio octc|m|n+o+s soc|+| c cu|tu|+|mcntc +o|ocs oc consumo sio
|cuc||oos ocnt|o oos ||m|tcs o+s oss|b|||o+ocs cco|og|c+s o uc so c oss|vc| com + consc|cn-
t|z+io sob|c v+|o|cs +mb|cnt+|s cm s|ntcsc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| s|gn|c+ com+t|-
b|||o+oc oo c|csc|mcnto cconom|co com o ocscnvo|v|mcnto |um+no c + u+||o+oc +mb|cnt+|
|o|t+nto o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| |ccon|z+ uc +s soc|co+ocs +tcno+m +s ncccss|o+ocs
|um+n+s cm oo|s scnt|oos +umcnt+noo o otcnc|+| oc |oouio c +sscgu|+noo s gc|+ocs
|cscntcs c |utu|+s +s mcsm+s oo|tun|o+ocs
O ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| nio c um cst+oo c|m+ncntc oc cu|||b||o m+s s|m oc mu-
o+n+s u+nto +o +ccsso +os |ccu|sos c u+nto o|st||bu|io oc custos c bcnc||c|os |m su+
csscnc|+
c um |occsso oc t|+ns|o|m+io no u+| + cx|o|+io oos |ccu|sos + o||cio oos |nvcst|-
mcntos + o||cnt+io oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co c + muo+n+ |nst|tuc|on+| sc |+|mon|-
z+m c |c|o|+m o otcnc|+| |cscntc c |utu|o + m oc +tcnoc| s ncccss|o+ocs c s +s||+ocs
|um+n+s (\C|| +,s;)
^|cm oc tc| +umcnt+oo + c|ccio oo munoo cm |c|+io +os |ob|cm+s +mb|cnt+|s + com|s-
sio oc C|o |+||cm ||unot|+no nio sc |cst||ng|u somcntc + t+|s +scctos |o |c|+to||o c cn|+-
t|z+oo uc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| ocvc cst+| |nt||nscc+mcntc ||g+oo +os |ob|cm+s oc
c||m|n+io o+ ob|cz+ o+ s+t|s|+io o+s ncccss|o+ocs b+s|c+s oc +||mcnt+io s+uoc c |+b|t+io
c +||+oo + tuoo |sto +|tc|+io o+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ ||v||cg|+noo |ontcs |cnov+vc|s c o |occsso
oc |nov+io tccno|og|c+
,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|+ Con|c|cnc|+ o+s |+ocs |n|o+s sob|c |c|o ^mb|cntc c |cscnvo|v|mcnto m+|s con|cc|o+
o| ||o-,. ou |co-,. buscou-sc o conscnso |ntc|n+c|on+| +|+ + +bo|o+gcm oo tcm+ ^ +|-
t|| ocss+ con|c|cnc|+ o concc|to oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| g+n|ou g|+noc ou|+||o+oc
c vcm scnoo +|vo oc mu|tos cstuoos c tcnt+t|v+s oc cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc o||t|c+s oc gcstio uc
busc+m contcm|+| os scus ||nc||os ccnt|+|s
2. Semirido brasileiro
O cm|+||oo ||+s||c||o (^|) +o |ongo o+ ||sto||+ tcm s|oo tcm+ o+s m+|s v+||+o+s |ccxocs
c ob,cto oc mu|t+s |n|c|+t|v+s v|s+noo +o scu aeseo.c'.oeo:c ^cs+| o|sso + |cg|io cont|nu+
como cxcm|o oc |no|ccs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |ns+t|s|+to||os c oc g|+noc cont|ngcntc oc cx-
c|u|oos (||^ .oo;) |gu+|mcntc o tc|mo sas:eo:ao'aaae tcm s|oo ut|||z+oo cm v+||os scto|cs
o+ +t|v|o+oc |um+n+ n+ |cg|io com s|gn|c+oos b+st+ntc v+||+oos c|mos como ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto sustcnt+oo sustcnt+b|||o+oc cconom|c+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc cco|og|c+ soc|+| ocnt|c
out|os tcm s|oo ||cucntcmcntc ut|||z+oos +|s +|+v|+s n+ m+|o||+ oos c+sos nio tcm s|oo
|ntc||ct+o+s oc |o|m+ contcxtu+||z+o+ |c+||o+oc oo ^| |sso c +|t|cu|+|mcntc |mo|t+ntc
cons|oc|+noo + ocn|io c +||c+io oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s +|+ + |cg|io o|s occnocnoo oos
+to|cs sustcnt+b|||o+oc c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oocm s|gn|c+| co|s+s o|st|nt+s ou tc| +b|+ngcnc|+s
m+|s +m|+s ou |cst||t+s
2.1. Sustentabilidade no semirido
^s ocn|ocs +oot+o+s sio mu|t+s c cm gc|+| |cctcm os |ntc|csscs oc scus +uto|cs c+o+ um
cons|oc|+noo + su+ como + mc||o| o| vczcs sio o|vc|gcntcs +|t|noo oc c|scct|v+s o|st|n-
t+s c csc+|+s o|vc|s+s oc +b|+ngcnc|+ no tcmo c no cs+o (||||z| ^||^|O .ooo) |n-
t|c +s v+||+s ocn|ocs oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc +o cm|+||oo ||+s||c||o ooc sc| +||c+o+ +uc|+ oc
c+|+tc| gcnc||co ou |o||st|co |oost+ c|+ \C|| (+,s;) c|t+o+ +ntc||o|mcntc ou +s cscc|-
c+s cn|oc+noo os |+to|cs oc |oouio como + +oot+o+ o| |cnczcs +m+|o (.ooo)
|cscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| no ^| s|gn|c+ m+x|m|z+| os bcnc||c|os soc|o-cconom|cos o+
gc|+io |cscntc |csc|v+noo + u+||o+oc +mb|cnt+| c + c++c|o+oc oc |oouio +|+ +s gc-
|+ocs |utu|+s c|m|t|noo ocst+ |o|m+ + m+nutcnio o+ |oout|v|o+oc b|o|og|c+
oo+v|+ mu|tos us+m um+ ocn|io m+|s +m|+ c oc|cnocm uc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+-
vc| oo cm|+||oo ||+s||c||o ocvc +b|+ngc| +) |+nc,o cco|og|c+mcntc co||cto oos |ccu|sos n+tu-
|+|s |sto c m|n|m|z+| +s c|o+s oc so|o +gu+ nut||cntcs b|om+ss+ cnc|g|+ c cv|t+| + o|u|io .)
V|+b|||o+oc cconom|c+ |oouz|| o suc|cntc scm ocg|+o+| m+s uc g+|+nt+ + +uto-suc|cnc|+
,+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
+|+ s+t|s|+zc| +s ncccss|o+ocs ,) ôcs soc|+|mcntc ,ust+s ou sc,+ |ccu|sos c ooc| sio o|s-
t||bu|oos |gu+||t+||+mcntc oc mooo + +sscgu|+| +s ncccss|o+ocs b+s|c+s oc tooos os mcmb|os
o+ soc|co+oc c |) |um+n|z+io |csc|to + too+s +s |o|m+s oc v|o+ c |nco|o|+io oc v+|o|cs
|um+nos b+s|cos t+|s como |oncst|o+oc +uto-|csc|to cooc|+io c com+|xio (|||| .ooo
C^|V^||O |C||| .oo, |||^|O .oo, ||V^ .ooe)
|m nosso cntcno|mcnto o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| oo cm|+||oo ||+s||c||o ocvc || m+|s
+|cm sc| +n+||s+oo |uz oo uc |ccc|tu+ + \C|| (+,s;) como |nt||nscc+mcntc ||g+oo +os |o-
b|cm+s oc c||m|n+io o+ ob|cz+ o+ s+t|s|+io o+s ncccss|o+ocs b+s|c+s oc +||mcnt+io s+uoc
c |+b|t+io c +||+oo + tuoo |sto +|tc|+io o+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ ||v||cg|+noo |ontcs |cnov+vc|s
c o |occsso oc |nov+io tccno|og|c+ |o|t+nto + +n+||sc oos concc|tos ut|||z+oos c +||c+oos
+|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+ |cg|io ocvc c|m|t|| |ocnt|c+| + |cocu+io com +s-
cctos cconom|cos soc|+|s cco|og|cos o||t|cos c cu|tu|+|s |o onto oc v|st+ oos |ccu|sos |c-
cc|tu+-sc uc + sustcnt+b|||o+oc so ooc|+ sc| +t|ng|o+ sc css+s c|nco o|mcnsocs |o|cm cons|oc-
|+o+s cm con,unto c c|+ sc|+ t+nto m+|o| u+nto m+|s +||n|+o+s cst|vc|cm cnt|c s| (||V^ .ooe)
2.2. Esteretipos e valorizao da realidade
|mbo|+ sc oss+ cntcnoc| + ncccss|o+oc ocss+ contcm|+io con,unt+ + ||sto||+ most|+ uc
o| occ+o+s + sustcnt+b|||o+oc cconom|c+ c + soc|+| no ^| tcm cst+oo su,c|t+s + um cons|-
oc|+vc| g|+u oc |m|cv|s|b|||o+oc c vu|nc|+b|||o+ocs o|t+o+s o| +tu+ocs c muo+n+s oc o||-
t|c+s +nsc|os c concc|tos csso+|s o uc tcm |cv+oo const|uio c |nst|tuc|on+||z+io oc um+
|m+gcm oc |cg|io |ob|cm+t|c+ ^ss|stc-sc o| cxcm|o num tc|c,o|n+| cm um+ mcsm+ |c-
o|t+gcm sob|c os c|c|tos o+ scc+ n+ |cg|io ccn+ oc mu||c|cs ++n|+noo +gu+ b+||cnt+ cm
|csc|v+to||os +|+ s+t|s|+zc| +s ncccss|o+ocs o+ |+m|||+ no |nst+ntc scgu|ntc oocm sc| +|c-
scnt+o+s |m+gcns oc mooc|n+s c g|+nocs +|c+s ||||g+o+s (||V^ .ooe) |ss+s |m+gcns tcm |cv+oo
conc|usio oc uc + scc+ c + v||i o c|cmcnto oc |nsustcnt+b|||o+oc c subocscnvo|v|mcnto o+
|cg|io +o mcsmo tcmo uc + so|uio ocn|t|v+ cst+ n+ mooc|n|z+io cconom|c+ +t|+vcs o+
+g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+
|nt|ct+nto + ucstio c m+|s com|cx+ t+nto no uc |c|c|c +os +scctos b|o-gco||s|cos u+nto
ocu+io |um+n+ c cx|o|+io oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s O cm|+||oo ||+s||c||o com um+ o-
u|+io suc||o| + .. m|||ocs oc csso+s cstcnoc-sc o| um+ +|c+ suc||o| + ,ooooo |m
.
||c+
cm o|vc|s|o+oc oc s|tu+ocs cco|og|c+s soc|+|s c cu|tu|+|s ^ o|vc|s|o+oc ooc sc| +n+||s+o+ c|o
zonc+mcnto +g|occo|og|co oo |o|ocstc |c+||z+oo o| ||v+ ct +| +,,, o cm|+||oo +b|+ngc c|o
mcnos bo+ +|tc oc +; o+s .o un|o+ocs oc +|s+gcns cm uc |o| o|v|o|oo o || c +o, o+s +;.
un|o+ocs gco+mb|cnt+|s |ocnt|c+o+s n+ |cg|io
,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
oo+ css+ +|c+ tcm cm comum + b+|x+ |c|+io cnt|c |cc||t+io c cv+ot|+ns||+io o uc
|csu|t+ cm gc|+| cm |+|t+ oc +gu+ +|+ c|csc|mcnto o+s |+nt+s consumo |um+no c +n|m+|
^|cm o|sso + o|son|b|||o+oc oc +gu+ +|cm oc cono|c|on+o+ c|+ c|uv+ c |nucnc|+o+ c|+
os|io toog|+c+ c|+ c++c|o+oc oc +|m+zcn+mcnto oc +gu+ c|o so|o c c|+ oss|b|||-
o+oc oc ||||g+io
^ vcgct+io t||c+ c |coom|n+ntc c + C++t|ng+ cu,+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc con|c|c v+|o|cs b|o|og|cos c
cconom|cos s|gn|c+t|vos +|+ + |cg|io c +|+ o |+|s +|cm oc sc| um b|om+ ||o||t+||o +|+ + con-
sc|v+io n+ ^mc||c+ |+t|n+ ^ ou|+io oo ^| tcm +|t+ occnocnc|+ ocssc b|om+ +|+ su+ sub-
s|stcnc|+ o uc c+us+ g|+noc vu|nc|+b|||o+oc soc|+| c cconom|c+ c+us+noo |cssio c|csccntc sob|c
os |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s o+ |cg|io to|n+noo-+ cxt|cm+o+mcntc |o|c|+ ocsc|t|c+io
cgunoo + |Ô c o |||| + |cn|+ c um+ |ontc |uno+mcnt+| oc cnc|g|+ no |o|ocstc b|+s||c||o
|c|cscnt+noo ,,/ oc su+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ com g|+noc |m+cto sob|c + vcgct+io n+t|v+ cm
uc + C++t|ng+ c |conoc|+ntc c consum|o+ |ntcns|v+mcntc cm |mo|t+ntcs |+mos |nous-
t||+|s como o|+||+s cc|m|c+s +o+||+s c t+mbcm n+ g|+noc m+|o||+ oos oom|c|||os o+ zon+
|u|+| ^|cm o|sso + C++t|ng+ |o|nccc um+ sc||c oc |ooutos o|cst+|s nio m+oc||c||os +|+ con-
sumo c comc|c|+||z+io t+|s como |ooutos mco|c|n+|s c+sc+s b|+s o|cos mc| m+tc||+|s +|+
+|tcs+n+to c |+|zcs comcst|vc|s
|+ m+|o| +|tc o+ +|c+ oo ^| const+t+-sc |cnt|oio oc c|csc|mcnto |+|t+ oc |n||+cst|utu|+ b+s|-
c+ c c|m+ncnc|+ oc |no|c+oo|cs soc|+|s +b+|xo o+s mco|+s n+c|on+| c |cg|on+| ^ s|tu+io cst|u-
tu|+| oc ob|cz+ +|no+ sc t|+ns|o|m+ cm c+|+m|o+oc nos c||ooos |o|ong+oos oc scc+ ^ cst|u-
tu|+ |uno|+||+ c mu|to conccnt|+o+ +|cm oos |+t||uno|os |+ um g|+noc numc|o oc m|n||uno|os
com cc|c+ oc ,o/ o+s |o||co+ocs ossu|noo +|c+ |n|c||o| + +oo |+ c octcnoo +cn+s .;/ o+
+|c+ tot+| oos cst+bc|cc|mcntos +g||co|+s (||V^ .ooe) Com o |cnto ||tmo oc c|csc|mcnto o+
cconom|+ |oc+| c + b+|x+ |cno+ o+ ou|+io cc|c+ oc |e/ oos mun|c||os tcm su+ |cno+ |o-
vcn|cntc oo govc|no |coc|+| c cst+ou+|
O +n+||+bct|smo osc||+ cnt|c ,e c |s/ +|ox|m+o+mcntc |./ oos mun|c||os cgunoo o ^t|+s
oo |cscnvo|v|mcnto |um+no oc .oo, (|||| .oo,) cc|c+ oc ;,/ oos mun|c||os tcm b+|xo
||| ^ comb|n+io oos |+to|cs +mb|cnt+|s soc|+|s cu|tu|+|s c cconom|cos c||+ um mos+|co oc
s|tu+ocs uc nio sio ocv|o+mcntc +|cc|+o+s c com|ccno|o+s |sso |csu|t+ cm gcnc|+||z+ocs
mu|to +m|+s sob|c + |cg|io |ccomcno+ocs mu|to s|m||st+s u+nto s su+s otcnc|+||o+ocs c
+v+||+ocs |nsuc|cntcs o+s c|scct|v+s oc um ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| no ^| oc conv|-
vcnc|+ com o +mb|cntc su+ cconom|+ |oc+| u+||o+oc oc v|o+ cu|tu|+ c conu|st+s oc o||t|c+s
ub||c+s govc|n+mcnt+|s oc |o|m+ contcxtu+||z+o+
,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
3. Convivncia com as secas
Como conscucnc|+ ocss+ v|sio suc|c|+| +o |ongo oos +nos |o|+m |m|+nt+o+s o||t|c+s go-
vc|n+mcnt+|s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo ^| o||cnt+o+s u+sc uc cxc|us|v+mcntc +|+ (+)
Combater as secas e seus ereltos c +|+ + (b) Agrlcultura lrrlgada de grandes projetos. |m
|c|+io +o ||mc||o |oco const+t+-sc +tu+|mcntc tc| o|m|nu|o+ + cn|+sc oc comb+tc scc+
c +os scus c|c|tos como o||cnt+io o+s o||t|c+s ub||c+s +| conccio |coom|nou ou|+n-
tc o sccu|o XX c cnt|ou cm c||sc cm |+zio oc scus |uno+mcntos ncg+|cm os ||nc||os oc
sustcnt+b|||o+oc
^ c||t|c+ |o|mu|+o+ n+ oaas:a aa se.a m+n||cst+ um os|c|on+mcnto ct|co ocnunc|+noo +
cx|o|+io o||t|c+ o+ m|sc||+ c +|o||+io ||v+o+ oos |ccu|sos ub||cos c|+s o||g+|u|+s sc|-
t+nc,+s o|s t|n|+m |ntc|csscs cx||c|tos n+s o||t|c+s oc comb+tc scc+ n+ mco|o+ cm uc o+v+
sustcnt+io +o com|cxo cconom|co oc ccu+||+-+|gooio-subs|stcnc|+ |m |c|+io scguno+
conccio oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo ^| |+nc,+oo|cs govc|n+ntcs cm|cs+||os c cstuo|osos o+
|cg|io cntus|+sm+oos com os |csu|t+oos uc vcm scnoo obt|oos cm +|guns oos mooc|nos o-
|os +g|o|noust||+|s (|ct|o||n+-|| |u+zc||o-|^) +ost+m n+ cont|nu|o+oc oos |nvcst|mcntos +|+
+m||+| o |occsso oc mooc|n|z+io cconom|c+ ncsscs cs+os o|nm|cos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|ss+ |cocu+io c v+||o+ no scnt|oo oc contcm|+| o m+|o| otcnc|+| +g||co|+ o+ |cg|io con-
tuoo sc |cst||ngc + um cucno c|ccntu+| oo |mcnso cm|+||oo (+ +|c+ ||||g+vc| c |n|c||o| +
.,/) m+|gcm oc g|+nocs ||os como io ||+nc|sco û c |+gu+||bc +| v|sio cxc|u| um+ mu|-
t|||c|o+oc oc cucn+s ||||g+ocs +m|+mcntc o|sscm|n+o+s uc +|ovc|t+m |ontcs oc +gu+
oc mcno| o|tc c +tc cu|sos |ntc|m|tcntcs c uc mc|cccm +tcnio ^mbos os t|os oc ||||g+io
c+us+m |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s s|gn|c+t|vos t+|s como |ob|cm+s oc s+||n|z+io c subscucntc-
mcntc ocg|+o+io o+s |o||co+ocs ||s|c+s u|m|c+s c b|o|og|c+s oos so|os ^ +gu+ oos g|+nocs
||os ||nc|+|mcntc + oo io ||+nc|sco c oc bo+ u+||o+oc c os ||scos oc s+||n|z+io sio b+|xos
m+s + +||c+io c |||cgu|+| com tcnocnc|+ + sc| cxccss|v+ +|cm o|sso + m+|o| +|tc o+ +|c+ ||||g+-
o+ nio tcm s|stcm+s oc o|cn+gcm ou scus o|cnos nio |cccbcm + ocv|o+ m+nutcnio O +com-
+n|+mcnto o+ |c|t|||z+io c |cc+||o scnoo mu|to |ov+vc| uc |+,+ ||m|t+ocs oc nut||cntcs
cm +|guns |oc+|s c cxccsso oc +||c+io cm out|os (^||^|O ^|C||O +,,;)
|m comum +s ou+s |oost+s |o|+m ||sto||c+mcntc +ssum|o+s c|+s o||t|c+s govc|n+mcnt+|s
no ^| comb|n+noo +s scgu|ntcs c+|+ctc||st|c+s (||V^ .ooe) (+) + n+||o+oc o+ cx|o|+io cco-
nom|c+ como c|cmcnto ocn|oo| o+ ocu+io c uso oo cs+o uc cxc|cc + oom|n+io |oc+| (b)
+ v|sio ||+gmcnt+o+ c tccn|c|st+ o+ |c+||o+oc |oc+| o+s otcnc|+||o+ocs o+s |ob|cm+t|c+s c o+s
+|tc|n+t|v+s oc suc|+io o+s scc+s c oc su+s conscucnc|+s c (c) o |ovc|to o||t|co oos oo|s c|c-
mcntos +ntc||o|cs cm bcncc|o o+ c||tc o||t|c+ c cconom|c+ uc cxc|cc + oom|n+io |oc+|
,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|m+ o||t|c+ v|s+noo +o concc|to m+|s +m|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| +|+ o cm|-
+||oo cons|stcntc c contcxtu+||z+o+ nio |o| +|no+ convcn|cntcmcntc ocn|o+ not+-sc um
|n|c|o oc c||st+||z+io c|o cnvo|v|mcnto oc novos +to|cs soc|+|s c o||t|cos uc cnt|+|+m cm
ccn+ +|cscnt+noo um o|scu|so |cnov+oo| c com|ov+noo + oss|b|||o+oc oc um ocscnvo|-
v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| com b+sc n+ Cco..ò.a .co a :eoaae ^s o|cu|o+ocs |cs|ocm n+
+b|+ngcnc|+ oc |+to|cs +m|os c com|cxos |moss|vc| oc sc|cm |couz|oos +cn+s oco||cn-
c|+ oc scc+s + |+|t+ oc +gu+ nio ooc sc| t+mbcm ,ust|c+t|v+ u+noo o ocscmcn|o o+
|cg|io c +ucm oo ocsc,+oo
3.1. Quebrando paradigmas
|o|t+nto cm |ug+| o+s |nst|tu|ocs o+s o||t|c+s oos |+nos c oos |og|+m+s +|+ o ^| sc ||m|-
t+|cm + |oo| so|uocs +|+ scus |ob|cm+s |ccomcno+-sc v+|o||z+| +s su+s otcnc|+||o+ocs
(||^ .oo;) |css+ nov+ conccio o ^| +ss+ + sc| conccb|oo como um cs+o no u+| c
oss|vc| const|u|| ou |csg+t+| |c|+ocs oc conv|vcnc|+ cnt|c os sc|cs |um+nos c + n+tu|cz+ com
b+sc n+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc +mb|cnt+| comb|n+noo + u+||o+oc oc v|o+ o+s |+m|||+s com o |nccnt|-
vo s +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s +|o||+o+s |+t+-sc o|t+nto oc um+ nov+ c|ccio uc |ct||+
+s cu|+s +t||bu|o+s s cono|ocs n+tu|+|s c cnxc|g+ o cs+o cm|+||oo com su+s otcnc|+||o+-
ocs c+|+ctc||st|c+s scus ||m|tcs c o |csg+tc oc um cns+mcnto uc |o| |o|mu|+oo o| Cu|m+|ics
|uuc (|||| .oo|) scgunoo o u+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| oo ^| occnoc |uno+-
mcnt+|mcntc oc um+ muo+n+ oc mcnt+||o+oc cm |c|+io s su+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s +mb|cnt+|s
c oc muo+n+s cm |+t|c+s c uso |no|sc||m|n+oo oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c o |om|mcnto oo
+|+o|gm+ o+s +ovc|s|o+ocs c +bc|tu|+ +|+ um novo o o+s otcnc|+||o+ocs
|io sc t|+t+m s|m|csmcntc oc nov+s tccn|c+s +t|v|o+ocs |+t|c+s |oout|v+s oc +ocs so-
c|ocu|tu|+|s ctc ^ conv|vcnc|+ ocvc sc| um+ |oost+ cu|tu|+| uc v|sc contcxtu+||z+| s+bc|cs
c |+t|c+s (tccno|og|c+s cconom|c+s c o||t|c+s) +|o||+o+s scm|+||ocz |ccon|cccnoo + |c-
tc|ogcnc|o+oc oc su+s m+n||cst+ocs sub-|cg|on+|s ocvc cons|oc|+| t+mbcm +s com|ccnsocs
|m+g|n+||+s o+ ou|+io |oc+| sob|c cssc cs+o su+s |ob|cm+t|c+s c +|tc|n+t|v+s oc so|uio
uc |o|+m scnoo const|u|o+s c ocsconst|u|o+s +o |ongo o+ ||sto||+ oc su+ ocu+io |+ c|s-
cct|v+ oc conv|vcnc|+ com + scm|+||ocz + gcstio +mb|cnt+| +ssumc novos scnt|oos c s|gn|c+-
oos +o ||o||z+| + busc+ oc so|uocs +|o||+o+s s cono|ocs |oc+|s +|+ uc moo|ucm +s
c|ccocs c o como|t+mcnto cm |c|+io n+tu|cz+
Cons|oc|+noo os c|cmcntos +bo|o+oos +ntc||o|mcntc |c|+t|vos +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+-
vc| oo ^| ocnt|o oc um+ c|scct|v+ oc .co..ò.a .co a seoaae tcm s|oo c|+bo|+o+
um+ sc||c oc |oos|ocs |oouz|o+s co|ct|v+mcntc cm o|vc|sos cs+os oc +|t|cu|+io c ocb+-
tcs sob|c cxc||cnc|+s +|tc|n+t|v+s +|+ + |cg|io uc ocvcm sc| ob,cto oc +tcnio n+s o||t|c+s
,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
ub||c+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| (||V^ .ooe ||||z| ^||^|O .ooo ^||^|O
^|C||O +,,; C^|V^||O |C||| .oo, ocnt|c out|os)
+ |cmoc|+t|z+io oo +ccsso + tc||+ o| mc|o o+ |m|cmcnt+io o+ |c|o|m+ +g|+||+ com
sustcnt+b|||o+oc
. |n|vc|s+||z+io c ocmoc|+t|z+io oo +ccsso +gu+ +|+ +b+stcc|mcnto |um+no +n|m+|
c +|+ |oouio +|o||+o+
, |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+ +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| com b+scs nos ||nc||os c v+|o|cs o+ +g|occo|o-
g|+ como c|xo ccnt|+| o+ cst|+tcg|+ oc conv|vcnc|+ com + scm|+||ocz
| |nccnt|vo couc+io contcxtu+||z+o+ vo|t+o+ +|+ + conv|vcnc|+ com + scm|+||ocz nos
cs+os csco|+|cs c n+s comun|o+ocs com g+|+nt|+ oc un|vc|s+||z+io oo +tcno|mcnto
csco|+|
, ||omoio oc o||t|c+s oc scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| c nut||c|on+|
e |cscnvo|v|mcnto oc csu|s+s c o|sscm|n+io oo con|cc|mcnto c oc tccno|og|+s +|o-
||+o+s +o ^| com +|t|cu|+io cnt|c cxtcnsio csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|-
co +ocu+oos s cono|ocs |oc+|s
; c|v|os ub||cos oc u+||o+oc com ||o||z+io oc |nvcst|mcntos cm |n||+cst|utu|+
soc|+|
s ||csc|v+io c uso sustcnt+vc| oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s com |nccnt|vo |c+||z+io oc c+m-
+n|+s oc couc+io c mob|||z+io +mb|cnt+|
, ||n+nc|+mcnto ub||co oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto |u|+| sustcnt+vc|
4. Recomendaes para o desenvolvimento da regio
Cons|oc|+noo + com|cx|o+oc oos mos+|cos comonoo o cm|+||oo ||+s||c||o |c|+c|on+-sc +
scgu|| um+ sc||c oc |ccomcno+ocs v|s+noo +o scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto nio como |ccc|t+s + oc-
|+|cm m||+g|cs m+s com b+sc n+ v|sio oc cstuo|osos c cm cxc||cnc|+s oc csso+s uc v|vcm
ou v|vcnc|+|+m + |c+||o+oc o+ |cg|io
,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
4.1. Em relao s reas irrigadas:
|c||m|t+| com m+|s |cc|sio +s +|c+s ||||g+vc|s cm out|+s b+c|+s +|cm o+ g|+noc b+c|+ oo
io ||+nc|sco
|cn|| + cx+nsio o+s +|c+s ||||g+o+s um+ vcz csgot+o+s +s +|c+s oc so|os m+|s |+vo|+vc|s
+|+ so|os com m+|o| |+c|||o+oc oc m+nc,o ||o||co c mcno| ||sco oc s+||n|z+io o+noo
mcnos cn|+sc su+ |c|t|||o+oc n+tu|+|
|cm+no+| +os govc|nos cst+ou+|s c o|gios com + ocv|o+ comctcnc|+ o cst+bc|cc|mcn-
to c |c+b|||t+io oos s|stcm+s oc o|cn+gcm
|st+bc|ccc| s|stcm+s oc mon|to|+mcnto c||oo|co oos |occssos oc s+||n|z+io c
com+ct+io
|||uno|| tccn|c+s +ocu+o+s oc m+nc,o +g||co|+ |nc|u|noo |+t|c+s s|m|cs c cc|cntcs
oc cont|o|c oo |o|ncc|mcnto oc +gu+ c |c|t|||z+ntcs
|cn|| c o| cm |+t|c+ mooc|os oc gc|cnc|+mcnto oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos o+ |cg|io
|m +|c+s oc v+|cs
|ocnt|c+| c m+c+| cm csc+|+ convcn|cntc +s +|c+s com m+|o| otcnc|+| +g||co|+ |c-
n+| o zonc+mcnto u+nto o|son|b|||o+oc ||o||c+ cnvo|vcnoo + c++c|o+oc oc +|m+-
zcn+mcnto c +b+stcc|mcnto
|nccnt|v+| + subst|tu|io oc cu|tu|+s t|+o|c|on+|s o| out|+s mcnos cx|gcntcs cm +gu+ c
m+|s +o+t+o+s occ|cnc|+ ||o||c+
|stuo+| cm n|vc| oc |o||co+oc o con|to cnt|c uso ocss+s +|c+s +|+ +g||cu|tu|+ ou
+|+ suo|tc o+ ccu+||+
|stuo+| os c|c|tos |cs|ou+|s oc +oub+io u|m|c+ |nc|u|noo su+ v|+b|||o+oc cconom|c+
4.2. reas de encostas midas
|nccnt|v+| + ||ut|cu|tu|+ com cobc|tu|+ c|m+ncntc oo so|o c + |oouio oc |o|t+||-
+s cm +|cc|+s oc cucn+s o|mcnsocs c com cu|o+oos |ntcns|vos cm subst|tu|io +os
|+nt|os t|+o|c|on+|s oc m|||o c |c|,io
|st+bc|ccc| o||t|c+s oc |nccnt|vo + |+t|c+s consc|v+c|on|st+s c c+m+n|+s oc csc|+|cc|-
mcnto oos c|c|tos ncg+t|vos + mco|o c |ongo |+zo com mc|os oc |m+cto v|su+| ccn-
t|+o+s n+s +|c+s oc m+|o| ||sco
|st+bc|ccc| mon|to|+mcnto oc |ong+ ou|+io o+ c|osio
,)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
4.3. reas de chapadas
|cn+| + oc||m|t+io oo otcnc|+| +g||co|+ o+s c|++o+s +|t+s cm |unio oc su+ |cc||-
t+io c c++c|o+oc oc |ctcnio oc +gu+
|ctc|m|n+| o c|c|to o+ +oub+io |nc|u|noo o |cs|ou+| oc |os|o|o
|cscnvo|vc| tccno|og|+ v|s+noo +o cu|t|vo oc |+vou|+s xc|o|+s com b+sc n+s cscc|cs
com otcnc|+||o+ocs o+ |cg|io
4.4. reas gerais sedimentares e do cristalino
^v+||+| o |m+cto soc|o-cconom|co o+ suscnsio o+ +g||cu|tu|+ |t|nc|+ntc c com b+sc nos
|csu|t+oos c||m|n+| |nccnt|vos + cst+ +t|v|o+oc |stuo+| + v|+b|||o+oc oc +|tc|n+t|v+s +|+ +
mio-oc-ob|+ cxccocntc + sc| ||bc|+o+ com o |og|css|vo +b+noono ocss+ +t|v|o+oc
|+zc| c+m+n|+s +|+ suscnsio o+s |+t|c+s oc |ogo mcsmo +s oc b+|x+ |ntcns|o+oc
cm +|c+s oc +g||cu|tu|+ c n+s +|c+s co|t+o+s cxc|us|v+mcntc +|+ |cn|+
||m|t+| + c|m|ssio oc |unc|on+mcnto oc |noust||+s us+noo |cn|+ c c+|vio +cn+s +|+
os c+sos cm uc sc,+m |ovcn|cntcs o+s +|c+s oc m+nc,o sustcnt+vc| o+ C++t|ng+
Ot|m|z+| + c+t+io o+ +gu+ oc c|uv+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto c o||usio oc |+t|c+s v|s+noo
+ mc||o|+| + |n|t|+io c + |ctcnio o+ +gu+ no so|o
Cu|t|v+| |+nt+s +o+t+o+s + |cg|mcs oc occ|cnc|+ ||o||c+ +|t+ c++c|o+oc oc +bso|io
oc +gu+ ocv|oo + o||c|cn+s n+ cst|utu|+ oo s|stcm+ |+o|cu|+| c;ou c|o +umcnto o+ |o-
ouio oc b|om+ss+ o| un|o+oc oc +gu+ o|son|vc|
^m||+| +s csu|s+s oc |ong+ ou|+io sob|c os c|c|tos no so|o c vcgct+io oos s|stcm+s
oc |+|c+mcnto |cb+|x+mcnto c +stc,o |cvc n+ vcgct+io n+t|v+ c out|os s|stcm+s +g|os-
s||v|+sto||s vc||c+noo + com|cmcnt+||o+oc no uso oc |ccu|sos +|o|uno+noo o co-
n|cc|mcnto sob|c o +c| oo c+|bono n+ consc|v+io o+ |c|t|||o+oc oo so|o
|cscnvo|vc| tccno|og|+ v|s+noo +o cu|t|vo oc |+vou|+s xc|o|+s com b+sc n+s cscc|cs
com otcnc|+||o+ocs o+ C++t|ng+
|o|t+|ccc| tccno|og|+s oc|+s +|+ |oouio oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos ,+ +no+mcnto
4.5. Produo animal
cst+| c o||uno|| cst|+tcg|+s oc m+nc,o o+ vcgct+io n+t|v+ |nc|u|noo s|stcm+s +g|oo-
|cst+|s |+|c+mcnto c |cb+|x+mcnto
|stuo+| o c|c|to ocsscs m+nc,os sob|c + gcstio c sustcnt+b|||o+oc o+ |c|t|||o+oc oo so|o
(c|c|+gcm b|ogcou|m|c+ oc nut||cntcs cnc|g|+ c b|om+ss+)
|cun|| s|stcm+t|z+| +m||+| c o||uno|| o con|cc|mcnto sob|c +|m+ |o||+gc||+
|ocnt|c+| c sc|cc|on+| |o||+gc||+s n+t|v+s com otcnc|+| |nc|u|noo g|+m|nc+s |cgum|no-
s+s c c+ct+cc+s
ôot+| c o||uno|| tccno|og|+s vo|t+o+s +|+ cstouc oc |o||+gcm +|+ uso no c||ooo scco
|stuo+| |o|m+s oc s||vo+sto|+||smo vc||c+noo + com|cmcnt+||o+oc no uso oc |ccu|sos
|nccnt|v+| + |oouio oc mc|
|x+no|| + |ntcg|+io cnt|c +v|cu|tu|+ c c||+io oc |um|n+ntcs
|stuo+| o zonc+mcnto o+ |oouio o| +|c+s oc c||+ |cc||+ c cngo|o+
|nccnt|v+| |+t|c+s oc |oouio bcncc|+mcnto c +|m+zcn+mcnto oc +st+gcns n+t|v+s
|n|o+ocs oc consc|v+io |co|cst+mcnto c;cstuoos C++t|ng+
|nccnt|v+| + c||+io oc m+|s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io no ^|
C||+| um |og|+m+ oc |cvcgct+io com cscc|cs n+t|v+s ou voc+c|on+o+s
C||+| um |og|+m+ oc |csc|v+io o+s n+sccntcs c |cvcgct+io o+s m+t+s c|||+|cs com-
+t|b|||z+noo consc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc com +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s
|nccnt|v+| ||n|+s oc csu|s+ cm tossoc|o|og|+ c succssio cco|og|c+ nos ccoss|stcm+s
oc c++t|ng+
5. Consideraes complementares
O m+|o| ocs+o +|+ o ||+s|| cst+ n+ cx+nsio c conso||o+io oo +tu+| mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto n+c|on+| com |nc|usio m+|s c|ct|v+ o+s |cg|ocs c oc su+s soc|co+ocs m+|g|n+||z+o+s |m
|c|+io +o |o|ocstc |+ um+ o|v|o+ ||sto||c+ + |cuc|c| m+|o| o|n+m|z+io o+s o||t|c+s oc oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto b+sc tccno|og|c+ +|+ + o|n+m|z+io c |ccst|utu|+io o+ +t|v|o+oc cconom|c+
nos cs+os mcnos ocscnvo|v|oos o+ |cg|io c o uc c m+|s |c|cv+ntc |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+ b+sc
soc|+| |oc+| o| |ntc|mco|o oc o|g+n|z+ocs c o||t|c+s soc|+|s c oc |n||+cst|utu|+ soc|+|
|+|+ o ||+s|| sio |uno+mcnt+|s + |omoio oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| no ^| c m+|o|
com|om|sso oc govc|nos c o+ soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ com + |cg|io c su+ ou|+io V+|c + cn+
|c|cmb|+| (+) o ^| ocu+ g|+noc |oo|io oo tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o +|no+ com b+|xos |no|c+oo-
|cs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |um+no c oc c|csc|mcnto cconom|co cm |c|+io mco|+ b|+s||c||+ (b)
,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
c um+ +|c+ com ccoss|stcm+s cscc|+|s cu,os |ob|cm+s +mb|cnt+|s oc so|o c oo b|om+ C++t|n-
g+ vcm sc +g|+v+noo ocsoc o |n|c|o oo |occsso oc co|on|z+io c (c) +|no+ |+ mu|to + +|cnoc|
com o ^| scnoo |m|csc|no|vc|s + +|t|cu|+io oc cs|o|os c + +|t|c|+io o+ soc|co+oc n+ so-
|uio oc +|tc|n+t|v+s |cg|on+|s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
u+noo sc conscgu|| mob|||z+| um+ +|tc cons|oc|+vc| o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ c oos mu|tos t+|cntos
,+ cx|stcntcs n+ |cg|io cm to|no oc ocs+os |c|cv+ntcs +|+ o scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto c no +|o-
vc|t+mcnto o+s g|+nocs oo|tun|o+ocs oo ^| cst+|+ sc |n|c|+noo out|+ +g|n+ o+ ||sto||+
b+sc+o+ no paradlgma das potenclalldades c nio m+|s no c|o|o o+s +ovc|s|o+ocs +| mob|-
||z+io ,+ cst+ cm cu|so ocsc|t+noo nos tcmos +tu+|s o |ntc|cssc o+s out|+s |cg|ocs oo +|s
c|o |o|ocstc b|+s||c||o cmbo|+ sc s+|b+ uc g|+noc +|tc ocssc o||+| tcn|+ |oco n+s bc|cz+s
oo ||to|+| no |ntc||o| sio mu|t+s +s +|c+s + ncccss|t+| oc cstuoos c o||t|c+s ||nc|+|mcntc cm
m+c+mcnto |ocnt|c+io c+|+ctc||z+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |ooutos c |occssos + +|t||
o+s cscc|cs n+t|v+s g+|+nt|noo-sc tccno|og|+s c |nov+io +|o||+o+s +o uso sustcnt+vc| oc t+|s
|ccu|sos n+tu|+|s nos m|nc|+|s cm uc c ||c+ + |cg|io cst+ um g|+noc |utu|o ncccss|t+noo t+m-
bcm oc |occssos tccno|og|cos c |nov+t|vos +|+ +g|cg+io oc v+|o| |cuc|cnoo cstuoos c cu|-
o+oos +|+ sc|cm m|no|+oos os |m+ctos sob|c o +mb|cntc g+st|onom|+ +|tcs+n+to cm sum+
o saber c o razer oc uc c mu|to ||c+ + cu|tu|+ ou|+| cm mu|t+s comun|o+ocs |cnt|c t+nt+s
out|+s otcnc|+||o+ocs n+|mcntc ocst+c+-sc o tu||smo m+|s |o||+mcntc o ccotu||smo com
t+ntos s|t|os ||sto||cos cco|og|cos +|uco|og|cos |c||g|osos un|cos cm tooo o +|s
|+|o| |mu|so +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto occnoc|+ o+ cont|nu|o+oc c m+|o| +b|+ngcnc|+ oos cs|o|-
os c o+s o||t|c+s |o,c o||cc|on+o+s +|+ + |cg|io cc+s +ss+|io + sc| um |cnomcno n+tu|+|
o|s + cconom|+ c o v|vc| nio cst+|io m+|s ||m|t+oos u+nt|o+oc ou o|st||bu|io oc c|uv+s
Conv|vc|-sc-+ com c|+s oc |o|m+ |ovc|tos+ so como cxcm|o cm c+sos cxt|cmos oc oco||c-
|cm +cn+s +|gum+s c|uv+s sc||+ mot|vo b+st+ntc +|+ +t|+|| + +tcnio o+s csso+s oc out|+s
|cg|ocs o|vu|g+noo + m|o|+ (como o |+z com + ncvc no u| oo |+|s) o mllagre da vlda no Se-
mlarldo... o+ c|nz+ o+s |+nt+s scc+s c oo c|io cstu|||c+oo |cb|ot+ + v|o+ tuoo sc to|n+ vc|oc c
co|o||oo +s o|cs c o c|io mo||+oo cx+|+m o c||umc oo sc|tio
Referncias
C^|V^||O |O |C||| C ^ C ^|tc|n+t|v+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto +|+ o no|ocstc scm|+||oo
|o|t+|cz+ ||| .oo,
|||| | C o|o c +gu+ no o||gono o+s scc+s |o|t+|cz+ ||| .oo|
|||^|O C O no|ocstc c + const|uio oo ||+s|| |n ^|||C^| ||||O| | (O|g) Cc|so |u|t+oo c o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| |o|t+|cz+ ||| .oo, .o,-.,e
||^ - ||||O |^C|O|^| |O |||^|||O ||+no |||cto| .oos-.o++ ||+nc,+mcnto cst|+tcg|co oo
||^ ||+s|||+ || ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ .oo; ;o
|||| | |co|og|+ c+|t+| c cu|tu|+ |+c|on+||o+oc +mb|cnt+| ocmoc|+c|+ +|t|c|+t|v+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto
sustcnt+vc| ||umcn+u-C ||||||| .ooo
||||z| | ^||^|O |V| ^g||cu|tu|+ sustcnt+vc| no scm|-+||oo no|ocst|no |n O||V|||^
|O|||O || ^| || || ||V^ ||C (cos) ^g||cu|tu|+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc c o scm|-+||oo |o|-
t+|cz+ |C |C-||C .ooo .o-|e
|||| ^t|+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |um+no |tt;;wwwnuoo|gb|;+t|+s;ouc;|nocx| .oo,
^C| | |coocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cscc| scm ocst|u|| c||+ oos |omcns + co io |+u|o |o|to|+ Vc|t|cc
+,se .o;
^C| | |st|+tcg|+s oc |+ns|io +|+ o ccu|o XX| io |+u|o tuo|o |obc|;|uno+ +,,, .,o
^||^|O |V| ^|C||O | | |||ct||zcs +|+ o m+nc,o sustcnt+vc| oos so|os b|+s||c||os |cg|io sc-
m|-+||o+ ^n+|s oo |mos|o |||ct||zcs +|+ o |+nc,o ustcnt+vc| oos o|os ||+s||c||os XXV| Con-
g|csso ||+s||c||o oc C|cnc|+ oo o|o ||o oc |+nc||o +,,; C|-|O| +,,;
||V^ ^ || |nt|c o comb+tc scc+ c + conv|vcnc|+ com o scm|+||oo |+ns|ocs +|+o|gm+t|c+s c sus-
tcnt+b|||o+oc oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto ||| .ooe .,s (csc oc |outo|+oo)
||V|||^ | |||||| | ^|O|||| | ^g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| c +g|occo|og|+ no scm|+||oo +v+nos + +|t||
oo +g|cstc o+ |+|+|b+ ||o oc |+nc||o ^-|^ .oo.
||||| | ust+|n+b|c g|ob+| |utu|cs Common |ntc|cst |ntc|occnocncy com|cx|ty +no g|ob+| os-
s|b|||t|cs |utu|cs v+, n, ,;|-,s. +,s;
\C|| Ou| commom |utu|c Ox|o|o Ox|o|o |n|vc|s|ty ||css +,s; ,s,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Relatrio do seminrio preparatrio
Desenvolvimento sustentvel: novos padres de
desenvolvimento via inovao
Jos Geraldo Eugnio de Frana
1. Introduo
^ +t|v|o+oc c|cnt|c+ no ||+s|| tcm most|+oo s|n+|s oc v|go| c c|csc|mcnto s|gn|c+t|vos n+s u|t|-
m+s occ+o+s ^ c+o+ o|+ o +|s conu|st+ um m+|o| cs+o cnt|c os +|scs c|cnt|c+mcntc m+|s
o|nm|cos co|oc+noo-sc como um oos ||nc|+|s |oouto|cs muno|+|s o+ ||tc|+tu|+ c|cnt|c+
oc u+||o+oc |o| out|o |+oo c+bc comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ +os |o|mu|+oo|cs oc o||t|c+s u-
b||c+s +os govc|nos c |n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+ g+|+nt|| + t|+ns|o|m+io oo con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|co
|oouz|oo cm ||ucz+ cscc|+|mcntc +|+ +uc|+s |cg|ocs onoc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto cst+ umb|-
||c+|mcntc |c|+c|on+oo +o uso sustcnt+oo oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s o| mc|o o+ |m|cmcnt+io oc
um+ o||t|c+ oc couc+io |o|tc c o||c|cnc|+o+
O +|s ocmonst|ou nos u|t|mos +nos cst+| os|c|on+oo +|+ um +o|io oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
+c|m+ oo uc |o| obsc|v+oo +o |ongo oc su+ ||sto||+ scnoo um oos +|scs uc mc||o| |c+g||+m
c||sc n+ncc||+ muno|+| |n|c|+o+ cm .oos |csu|t+ntc o+ |+|cnc|+ oc g|+nocs cong|omc|+oos b+n-
c+||os c cm|cs+s nos +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos | bom |cmb|+| uc o cncu|t+mcnto ocss+ c||sc sc
ocu b+s|c+mcntc c|o |+to oc |+vc| oco|||oo um+ |c+io ++|cntcmcntc su||ccnocntc o|
+|tc oos +|scs cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto + cxcm|o oo ||+s|| o+ |no|+ c o+ C||n+
|m tc|mos oc v+nt+gcm comct|t|v+ v+|c csc|+|ccc| uc o +|s +|cscnt+ um+ t+x+ oc c|csc|-
mcnto ocmog|+co suc||o| + ./ com um+ ou|+io s|gn|c+t|v+mcntc ,ovcm +|cscnt+noo
+ |||cto| |xccut|vo o+ |m|cs+ ||+s||c||+ oc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+ (|mb|++)
|osc Cc|+|oo |ugcn|o oc ||+n+
o:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
cono|ocs oc |m||m|| um+ t+x+ oc c|csc|mcnto +nu+| oc su+ cconom|+ cm +t+m+|cs +c|m+ oc
n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s ^cs+| ocsscs o+oos os|t|vos c oo scnt|mcnto oc uc + c||sc ccono-
m|c+ muno|+| cncont|+-sc +|c|+|mcntc |cso|v|o+ v+|c + cn+ cst+| +|c|t+ o|s nio |+ scgu|+n+
tot+| oc uc scus |ccxos nio oss+m c|ou|+| ou gc|+| nov+s c||scs nos +nos v|noou|os
2. A atividade cientca e o desenvolvimento sustentvel
|m u+|uc| uc sc,+ + +t|v|o+oc c|cnt|c+ tccno|og|+s |ooutos c |occssos ocvcm sc| ocscn-
vo|v|oos ocnt|o oc um+ ot|c+ oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc c |csc|to +o mc|o +mb|cntc Os concc|tos oc
sustcnt+b|||o+oc nio |cccntcs |nucnc|+m c+o+ vcz m+|s n+ ocn|io oc cst|+tcg|+s c csco||+
oc ||o||o+ocs no uc sc |c|c|c +t|v|o+oc c|cnt|c+ oc um +|s com +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s o|mcn-
socs c ocs+os +|cscnt+oos c|o ||+s||
||ossocs como + cngcn|+||+ c|v|| + cngcn|+||+ oc m|n+s + cngcn|+||+ oc |oouio + gco|o-
g|+ +s cngcn|+||+s +mb|cnt+|s oc mooo gc|+| ocvcm tc| scus |og|+m+s oc cns|no c csu|s+
o||cc|on+oos +o uso sustcnt+vc| oos |ccu|sos +o con|cc|mcnto m+|s cc|cntc oo +mb|cntc o|
mc|o oc zonc+mcntos c m+c+mcntos c+o+ o|+ m+|s |cc|sos c o+ |oc+io oc ob|+s c |n|c|+t|v+s
cconom|c+s uc |ovoucm o mcno| |m+cto +mb|cnt+| oss|vc| +o |oc+| oc |nst+|+io c scu
cnto|no ,unt+mcntc com os |+nos oc mon|to|+mcnto c m|t|g+io oos |m+ctos |ncv|t+vc|s
|csc|t+noo-sc + |cg|s|+io cm v|go| c ||v||cg|+noo o o|+|ogo c + |nco|o|+io oc bcnc||c|os
+|+ +s comun|o+ocs |ntc|css+o+s
|m |c|+io s +t|v|o+ocs o|t+s ||m+||+s o |m+cto o+ +io c|cnt|c+ ooc|+ sc| +|no+ m+|s
m+|c+ntc ^ +g||cu|tu|+ b|+s||c||+ ob||g+to||+mcntc ocvc|+ cont|nu+| + sc const|tu|| cm um
cxcm|o +|+ o munoo |c|o|+noo |+t|c+s c |n|c|+t|v+s uc + to|n+|+m o|st|nt+ |st+s |+-
t|c+s |nc|ucm |+nt|o o||cto |ot+io oc cu|t|vos |ntcg|+io |+vou|+-ccu+||+ uso oc m|c|o-
o|g+n|smos n+ x+io b|o|og|c+ oc n|t|ogcn|o cont|o|c b|o|og|co o+s ||nc|+|s |+g+s c oo-
cn+s ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |og|+m+s oc mc||o|+mcnto gcnct|co c oc b|otccno|og|+s uc |c-
vcm cm cont+ + u+||o+oc nut||c|on+| +|cm o+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s oc |oout|v|o+oc cm o||c|cntcs
+mb|cntcs c uc c|m|t+m +o +g||cu|to| conv|vc| com um |+nct+ cm const+ntc muo+n+ c
t|+ns|o|m+io O mcsmo ocvc sc| +||c+oo s c|cnc|+s o+ s+uoc + comc+| c|+ nut||io c
c|+ mco|c|n+ |cvcnt|v+ |s|o|os ocvcm sc| o|scns+oos +o uso c +|ovc|t+mcnto cc|cntc
oos +||mcntos |ccomcno+io oc +||mcntos s+uo+vc|s o|son|b|||z+io c m+nc,o oc +gu+
oc bo+ u+||o+oc c como nio ooc||+ oc|x+| oc sc| +o comb+tc subnut||io c obcs|o+oc
v|+ |og|+m+s couc+t|vos c oc c+|+tc| soc|+|
|st+ o|scussio ocvc|+ cst+| +sscnt+o+ cm um+ |cm|ss+ |ncgoc|+vc| + c|cv+io oo +o|io cou-
c+t|vo c oc |o|m+io o+ ou|+io b|+s||c||+ cm +|t|cu|+| +s c||+n+s c ,ovcns Os +v+nos ob-
|c|+to||o oo scm|n+||o |c+|+to||o
|cscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| novos +o|ocs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto v|+ |nov+io
o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
t|oos n+ |nsc|io o+ ou|+io |n|+nt|| n+ csco|+ c +|go |c|cv+ntc |nvcst|| n+ u+||o+oc oo cns|no
b+s|co c |uno+mcnt+| c n+ couc+io c|cnt|c+ oos ,ovcns sc|+ csscnc|+| n+ |o|m+io o+s |utu|+s
gc|+ocs oc |o|csso|cs c c|cnt|st+s bcm como sob|c + c|ccio oc como + soc|co+oc vc + c|-
cnc|+ c +v+||+ os +v+nos obt|oos c o|son|b|||z+oos +o scu o|+ + o|+
O cs|o|o oc mu|t|||c+| +s csco|+s tccn|c+s c mu|to bcm-v|noo um+ vcz uc o +|s ncccss|t+|+
n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s oc um cont|ngcntc oc tccn|cos n+s m+|s o|vc|s+s +|c+s com |o|m+io
+ocu+o+ +|+ cn||cnt+| os ocs+os oc um+ cconom|+ cm uc o con|cc|mcnto vcm scnoo
c+o+ vcz m+|s v+|o||z+oo
^ cx+nsio oo s|stcm+ un|vc|s|t+||o ub||co c + conso||o+io oo cns|no oc os-g|+ou+io no
+|s u+||c+m o ||+s|| + +tcnoc| + m+|o||+ o+s ocm+no+s uc sc|io co|oc+o+s cxccio oc
+|guns |oss|on+|s +|+ os u+|s |og|+m+s cscc|cos ocvcm sc| |+nc,+oos + cxcm|o oos
|oss|on+|s |o|m+oos c|+s cngcn|+||+s oc mooo gc|+| |nt|ct+nto um+ mc||o| concct|v|-
o+oc cnt|c o cns|no c +s +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ ocscnvo|v|mcnto c |nov+io ocvc sc| ob,cto
oc ||o||o+oc o+s +gcnc|+s oc |omcnto oc |o|m+ uc + v|sio cm|cs+||+| oss+ sc| m+|s bcm
|nt|oouz|o+ n+s csco|+s c +c+ocm|+s c uc cst+s o| su+ vcz o|+|ogucm m+|s |ntcns+mcntc
com +s cnt|o+ocs c|cnt|c+s c cm|cs+s ||v+o+s uc cm um+ |c|tu|+ +|css+o+ nio |+zcm
+|tc oo munoo +c+ocm|co
O c|cmcnto |ntcg|+oo| o+s |+t|c+s c |oc|+s +|cscnt+o+s tcm como |uno+mcnto + |ntcg|+io
o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc cns|no csu|s+ cxtcnsio c t|+ns|c|cnc|+ oc tccno|og|+ cmb+s+o+ cm um+
o||t|c+ o||c|cnc|+o+ oc tccno|og|+ oc |n|o|m+io c comun|c+io +ssoc|+o+ + um+ +io c|ct|v+
oc v+|o||z+io o+s |+t|c+s oc cm|ccnocoo||smo c v+|o||z+io o+ +||c+io oos |csu|t+oos oos
|o,ctos c|cnt|cos +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto +mb|cnt+|mcntc sustcnt+vc| oo +|s n+s +|c+s +g||co|+
|noust||+| c oc s+uoc cnt|c out|+s
3. Os Brasis da Amaznia ao Semirido
|u+s |cg|ocs o|scns+m um+ +tcnio cscc|+| u+nto +o |utu|o oo +|s ^ v+st+ c cst|+tcg|c+
^m+zon|+ c o |o|ocstc ^ ||mc||+ tcnoo como ucstocs ||nc|+|s + |o|cst+ c su+ |csc|v+io
+s +mc++s +o ccoss|stcm+ c o scu otcnc|+| oc uso sustcnt+vc| |cnt|c os to|cos +|cscnt+oos c
o|scut|oos ocst+c+m-sc o +|ovc|t+mcnto o+ |coc |uv|+| o |m+cto o+ ^m+zon|+ sob|c o c||m+ c
+s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s g|ob+|s c o bcm-cst+| c ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ou|+io o+ |cg|io
|+ +|cst|+ |nt|tu|+o+ ustcnt+b|||o+oc c ^m+zon|+ + |outo|+ |c|t+ |cc|c| oc|xou c|+|o uc
v+||os tcm+s ncccss|t+m oc o|scussio +|+ uc sc occ|o+ sob|c um |utu|o +|+ + |cg|io + +|t||
oc um vc|o+oc||o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| b+sc+oo cm t|cs |oost+s con|o|mc sc scguc
o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
+ ||o,cto |csc|v+c|on|st+ tcnoo como b+sc o mooc|o |||| - |couio oc |m|ssocs oo
|csm+t+mcnto c |cg|+o+io ||o|cst+|
|o||t|z+io (|ntc|n+c|on+|) o+ n+tu|cz+ com |oco n+s o|cst+s t|o|c+|s
||o|cst+s t|o|c+|s como so|vcoo|+s c cm|sso|+s oc c+|bono
||n+nc|+mcnto o+ |couio oo ocsm+t+mcnto +||+t|vo
|||| + ('as) |nsc||noo out|os comoncntcs m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ mc|c+nt|||z+io
oc novos |ooutos o+ n+tu|cz+
|+ t|+ns|io oo mc|c+nt|||smo +|+ o c+|t+||smo mooc|no t|+ns|o|m+|+m cm mc|-
c+oo||+s + tc||+ o t|+b+||o c o o|n|c||o (|o|+n|)
|o momcnto o c+|bono c + nov+ mc|c+oo||+
O |omcm tcm cx|o|+oo cconom|c+mcntc os ccoss|stcm+s v+|o|+io oos |oou-
tos scm contuoo cst+bc|ccc| +o|ocs oc um ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|
|ontos o|cm|cos o+ |oost+ +) |nc|u|| o|cst+s n+t|v+s no ||| .) v+|o|+| somcntc
o c+|bono - +|go o| ocm+|s |couc|on|st+ c cst|c|to ) bcnc|c|+||os oos |||| - O
govc|no |coc|+| Os govc|nos cst+ou+|s c mun|c|+|s ou os |+zcnoc||os
O mooc|o nio sc most|+ como um+ so|uio +|+ o |ob|cm+ oo ocsm+t+mcnto
O mooc|o nio +bo|o+ o||ct+mcntc +s c+us+s uc |oouzcm o ocsm+t+mcnto +c-
n+s cm c+us+s uc m|t|g+m
||gcnc|+ cm sc contc| o ocsm+t+mcnto n+ ^m+zon|+
. |so o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc oc mooo nio ocst|ut|vo m+ntc| + o|cst+ cm c
^t||bu|| v+|o| cconom|co |o|cst+ cm c
|+sc+o+ cm um+ +n+||sc c|cnt|c+ o+ n+tu|cz+
^ +|cst|+ntc concc|tu+ cstc mooc|o como |c|cs+ oo Co|+io ||o|cst+| o+ b+no+ o||cnt+|
o+ ^m+zon|+ +mc||c+n+ tcnoo como |cm|ss+s
|oss|vc| ocscnvo|v|mcnto nio ocst|ut|vo
|c|cs+ oo +mb|cntc c oo cxt|+t|v|smo u+|||c+oo |io +o cxt|+t|v|smo cs-no-c|io
^ csc+ ocvc |+zc| +|tc ocstc |occsso
||om|mct|c+ ou + b|o|og|+ s|ntct|c+ + sc| cm|cg+o+ no ocscnvo|v|mcnto |otcio
v+|o|+io c |nov+io o+s mo|ccu|+s o|son|vc|s n+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +m+zon|c+
o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|cscnvo|v|mcnto oc um+ |noust||+ n+c|on+| vc|o+oc||+mcntc +|t|cu|+o+ com + o-
|cst+ |+|m+cos cosmct|cos c out|os usos |noust||+|s
^|ovc|t+mcnto o+ c||cu|+io |uv|+| o+ ^m+zon|+
C||+io oc um+ b||no+gcm cx|vc|
|o|t+|ccc| um+ |coc oc c|o+ocs como ccnt|os oc |og|st|c+ oc c|cnc|+ c oc cu|tu|+ o+
^m+zon|+
Os |ooutos +m+zon|cos tcm um v+|o| |ncst|m+vc| ^tu+|mcntc +s cm|cs+s +ou|-
|cm o|cos n+tu|+|s oc cucnos |oouto|cs c cxt|+to|cs |oc+||z+oos cm cucn+s co-
mun|o+ocs o|st+ntcs + m+|s oc |m oos g|+nocs ccnt|os |noust||+|s
|ccon|ccc| c t|+ns|o|m+| |+n+us como c|o+oc muno|+| +|+ sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s
+v+n+oos +|+ + ^m+zon|+
^ m+t+ +bc|t+ mc|ccc out|+ cst|+tcg|+ oc uso cn|+t|z+noo-sc +t|v|o+ocs +g|os||vo+s-
to||s c |oouio oc m+oc||+ cu|t|v+o+ com cscc|cs n+t|v+s c cxot|c+s
|cscnvo|vc| um+ |noust||+ +v+n+o+ oc m+oc||+ s m+|gcns o+ o|cst+ (m+t+ +bc|t+)
Com|ct+| um m+c|ozonc+mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ |cg+|
|o uc sc |c|c|c |cg|io scm|+||o+ o || ^|bc||c|o |c|c||+ oo ||^ +|cscntou + con|c|cnc|+
|nt|tu|+o+ ustcnt+b|||o+oc no |so oo c|||to||o - O cm|+||oo ||+s||c||o' scgu|noo + +bo|o+-
gcm |cg|st|+o+ + scgu||
|+ |cg|io |o|ocstc o cm|+||oo com um+ +|c+ oc |m
.
c m|||ocs oc |+b|t+ntcs
ocst+c+-sc c|+ |m|cv|s|b|||o+oc oos |cg|mcs |uv|+|s +s tcmc|+tu|+s c|cv+o+s +s scc+s |cco|-
|cntcs c um+ c|cv+o+ t+x+ oc ob|cz+ |c|c cstio |oc+||z+oos mun|c||os cu,+s cconom|+s
m+,o||t+||+mcntc occnocm oos |og|+m+s soc|+|s c o+s +oscnt+oo||+s cxccio oc +|gum+s
|cg|ocs onoc + +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ ou o|os comc|c|+|s c oc |og|st|c+ sc ocscnvo|vc|+m
^|cm oc um+ cconom|+ |o|tcmcntc |nucnc|+o+ c|+ ccu+||+ bov|n+ c c+||n+ |cv+|ccc o
cu|t|vo oc cu|tu|+s oc subs|stcnc|+ + cxcm|o oo m|||o oos |c|,ocs c |+v+s c o+ m+no|oc+ |os
u|t|mos +nos +|guns o|os oc |oouio +|co|+ vcm scnoo ocscnvo|v|oos + cxcm|o oc +|gu-
m+s |cg|ocs oo scm|+||oo oo ||+u| c oo Cc+|+ bcm como + t|+ns|o|m+io oo |c|tc cm uc|,os
c oc||v+oos +g|cg+noo v+|o| |oouio +ntc||o|mcntc occnocntc +cn+s o+ vcno+ oo |c|tc
o oa:aa ou oos |og|+m+s oc |omoio oo uso oo |c|tc c|os govc|nos cst+ou+|s c |coc|+|
|m sc t|+t+noo oc comc|c|o c |og|st|c+ v+||+s c|o+ocs |oc+||z+o+s no ^g|cstc + |+|x+ oo cm|-
+||oo m+|s |ox|m+ o+ |cg|io um|o+ ou zon+ o+ |+t+ tcstcmun|+|+m um s|gn|c+t|vo c|cs-
c|mcnto cconom|co como o|os o|nm|cos oc comc|c|o c |og|st|c+ + cxcm|o o+s c|o+ocs oc
oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|c||+ oc +nt+n+ (|^) ^|+||+c+ (^|) C+|u+|u (||) c C+m|n+ C|+noc (||) c scus |cscct|vos
cnto|nos |m um+ muo+n+ m+|s |cccntc c|o+ocs como |ct|o||n+ (||) c |u+zc||o (|^) g|++s +o
c|csc|mcnto o+ |oouio oc ||ut+s cm +|c+s ||||g+o+s +ss+|+m + sc| |c|c|cnc|+ oc ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto |cg|on+| Out|+s c|o+ocs t|vc|+m su+ o|nm|c+ oc c|csc|mcnto +|tc|+o+ ocv|oo + o||t|c+s
oc +t|+io oc |nvcst|mcnto o||cc|on+o+s |noust||+ oc t|+ns|o|m+io ou +o comc|c|o cxtc||o|
t+|s como |osso|o (||) c ob|+| (C|) Out|+s +|cm oo comc|c|o +ss+|+m + sc| o|os |cg|on+|s
oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto nos c|tocs + cxcm|o oc |u+zc||o oo |o|tc (C|) C|+to (C|) ||cos (||) c
|om |csus (||) |o| out|o |+oo o uc |+zc| com + v+st+ +|c+ c+|+ctc||z+o+ como c|tocs oc so|os
|+sos ||to||cos c vcgct+io xc|o|+ +|no+ c+|ccc oc um+ +io m+|s c|ct|v+ c conccnt|+o+ mu|to
cmbo|+ ocv+-sc |ccon|ccc| uc + cx+nsio o+s un|vc|s|o+ocs ub||c+s +|+ o |ntc||o| oo |o|-
ocstc ocvc|+ muo+| subst+nc|+|mcntc o +o|io cu|tu|+| c|cnt|co c oc |nov+io oc oczcn+s oc
c|o+ocs oc o|tc mco|o uc ob||g+to||+mcntc to|n+|-sc-io o|os o|nm|cos oc ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to c c|csc|mcnto cconom|co
|m+ vcz uc + |cg|io scm|+||o+ nio ocvc|+ tc| como cxcm|o un|co + |oouio o+ +g||cu|tu|+
||||g+o+ um+ vcz uc +cn+s ./ oc su+ +|c+ ooc cont+| com o cxc|c|c|o o+ ||||g+io + c||+io
oc cm|cgos ocvc|+ oco||c| v|+ novos scgmcntos |noust||+|s t+|s como + |noust||+ oo con|cc|-
mcnto o+ comut+io c o+s tccno|og|+s oc comun|c+io c |n|o|m+io
|+ cx+nsio un|vc|s|t+||+ oo |o|ocstc c cm +|t|cu|+| no cm|+||oo +|no+ |+ um+ v|sio oc
um+ +t|v|o+oc cconom|c+ u|t|++ss+o+ um+ vcz uc + m+|o||+ oos cu|sos +|no+ v|s+ s |o|s-
socs +g|+||+s mcsmo u+noo + +|t|| oc tooos os |no|c+oo|cs |+ um+ s+tu|+io oc |oss|o-
n+|s no c+mo o+ +g|onom|+ vctc||n+||+ zootccn|+ ugc|c-sc uc +|cm o+s c|cnc|+s o+ s+uoc c
o+s c|cnc|+s soc|+|s o |o|tc comoncntc o+s nov+s |ossocs ocvc sc +||cc|+| n+s cngcn|+||+s
n+s c|cnc|+s o+ comut+io c oc comun|c+io um+ vcz uc + |cg|io nio cont+ com |ccu|sos
n+tu|+|s ou cst|utu|+ |uno|+||+ uc oss+ muo+| subst+nc|+|mcntc su+ |+cc cm occo||cnc|+ o+
|oouio +g||co|+ t+| u+| oco||cu n+s +|c+s ccnt|+|s oo +|s
|m tc|mos c|cnt|cos cstuoos m+|s oct+||+oos sob|c o c|c|to o+s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s c oo
+ucc|mcnto g|ob+| sob|c + b|o|og|+ c o c|c|o ||o|o|og|co |cg|on+| sio |uno+mcnt+|s oc |o|m+
uc |cvcnt|v+mcntc mco|o+s oc m|t|g+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s v|+ b|otccno-
|og|+ n+notccno|og|+ c gcnct|c+ oss+m sc| +||c+o+s no ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc cu|t|v+|cs |++s
oc +n|m+|s c cst||cs oc m|c|o-o|g+n|smos c++zcs oc sob|cv|vc| c |oouz|| cconom|c+mcntc
cm um+ |cg|io uc |ov+vc|mcntc sc|+ cxost+ + tcmc|+tu|+s m+|s +|t+s c + um g|+u m+|o| oc
|ncc|tcz+ n+ oco||cnc|+ c o|st||bu|io o+s c|uv+s
o)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
4. Uma poltica industrial consistente e ambientalmente s
|o onto oc v|st+ oo cm|cs+||+oo b|+s||c||o +|gum+s |cm|ss+s cstio conso||o+o+s u+nto +o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo +|s n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s + s+bc| o ||+s|| sc|+ um+ otcnc|+ cconom|c+
oocnoo +|no+ mco|o+ uc |cso|vc| ucstocs cnocntcs u+nto +ooio oc +|gum+s o||t|-
c+s sc| um+ otcnc|+| soc|o+mb|cnt+|
^|gum+s +mc++s sc |mocm no ccn+||o n+c|on+| c muno|+| t+|s como o +ucc|mcnto g|ob+| o
c|csc|mcnto u|b+no c o +umcnto o+ ocm+no+ sob|c os |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s cm n|vc| muno|+| com
um+ csc+|+ oc |cssio mcno| no c+so oo ||+s|| o| cont+| com |ccu|sos +buno+ntcs c +|no+
ouco cx|o|+oos como + +gu+ + vcgct+io c +s |ontcs oc combust|vc|s |ossc|s
|nt|c +s cx|gcnc|+s +|+ um ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| cst+ c|+|o uc um+ m+|o| |cgu|+mcn-
t+io +mb|cnt+| oc|cs+ c mon|to|+mcnto oos |no|c+oo|cs oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc c um+ +tcnio
cscc|+| o+s cm|cs+s +|+ com + |csons+b|||o+oc soc|+| c o bcm-cst+| oc scus cm|cg+oos c
c||cntcs sc|io |no|scns+vc|s
|cnt|c +s |n|c|+t|v+s uc ocvc|io sc| m+|s v+|o||z+o+s c|o scgmcnto cm|cs+||+| b|+s||c||o ncstc
novo contcxto oc n+io no ccn+||o muno|+| +|gum+s ucstocs oo onto oc v|st+ c|cnt|co oc-
vcm sc| ocv|o+mcntc v+|o||z+o+s + cxcm|o oc +) cc|cnc|+ cnc|gct|c+ b) uso c v+|o||z+io o+s
cnc|g|+s nio |ossc|s c) muo+n+ no +o|io oc consumo o+ soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ o) ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to oc novos m+tc||+|s |occssos c |ooutos c) ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc novos |ooutos c tccno|og|+s
|+|+ t+nto csc|+-sc uc um +co|oo cnt|c o govc|no c + soc|co+oc c cm +|t|cu|+| o scgmcn-
to cm|cs+||+| oss+ sc| cst+bc|cc|oo v|s+noo ||o||z+io oc o||t|c+s uc +tcno+m os |tcns
|c|+c|on+oos + scgu||
|csc|t+| no +|s um+ c|+m+ c|+ |nov+io +ssoc|+o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc v+|o||z+noo o
cm|ccnocoo||smo
|st+bc|ccc| c cum||| com |+nc,+mcnto oc |ongo |+zo
||cv+| o g|+u o+ couc+io o|son|vc| +os ,ovcns to|n+noo o +|s um |ot+gon|st+ +
cxcm|o oo uc oco||cu com +s nov+s otcnc|+s cconom|c+s ou +|scs oc t|+o|io cm
couc+io oc bo+ u+||o+oc
C||+| nov+s o||t|c+s c |o|m+s oc n+nc|+mcnto oc |og|+m+s uc v+|o||zcm + |nov+io
tccno|og|c+
|c|o|mu|+| + o||t|c+ sc+| c m+|cos |cgu|+to||os oc |o|m+ uc +s cm|cs+s s|nt+m-sc
+t|+|o+s + |+t|c+| |nvcst|mcntos cm c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+
os
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|st+bc|ccc| um+ o||t|c+ oc v+|o|+io +os |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s oos b|om+s b|+s||c||os tcnoo
como ob,ct|vo |nsc||| cst+ |noust||+ n+ cconom|+ g|ob+|
|cn|| o||t|c+s cons|stcntcs oc v+|o|+io oos sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s ||v||cg|+noo os |nvcs-
t|oo|cs uc cxc|c|t+|cm o||t|c+s oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc cm scus cm|ccno|mcntos sc,+m
c|cs oc u+|uc| o|ocm ou cm u+|uc| +t|v|o+oc cconom|c+
5. Uma poltica agropecuria que atenda as demandas
econmicas, sociais e ambientais
^ cvo|uio o+ |oouio oc +||mcntos b|ocombust|vc|s c m+tc||+s-||m+s +g||co|+s no ||+s|| n+s
u|t|m+s t|cs occ+o+s c +|go |c|cv+ntc ^|cm oo m+|s tooos os cstuoos c ccn+||os +ont+m +|+
+s tcnocnc|+s |c|+c|on+o+s +b+|xo uc |cv+m o +|s + sc co|oc+| como um+ o+s ||nc|+|s scnio
+ ||nc|+| n+io |oouto|+ oc |ooutos +g||co|+s n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s
ûmcnto o+ ocm+no+ muno|+| o| +||mcntos
C|csc|mcnto o+ ocm+no+ o| |ooutos o||c|cnc|+oos com m+|o| scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+|
|+st|c+b|||o+oc c cc|t|c+io
ûmcnto o+ |cssio +|+ |oouio oc +||mcntos oc |o|m+ sustcnt+vc| c com mcno|
+g|cssio +mb|cnt+|
||cv+io o+ consc|cnt|z+io o| um m+|s cc|cntc gc|cnc|+mcnto oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos
||og|css|vo +umcnto no uso o+ b|otccno|og|+ o+ |n|o|m+t|c+ c o+ n+notccno|og|+ nos
s|stcm+s |oout|vos +g||co|+s
|+|o| ocm+no+ +|+ |oouio oc cnc|g|+ o||uno+ oc |ontcs |cnov+vc|s + +|t|| o+
b|om+ss+
O +|s c um oos oucos uc cont+ com +|c+ suc|cntc c con|cc|mcnto cm +g||cu|tu|+ t|o|c+|
+|+ cm|ccnoc| um +umcnto cx|css|vo oc |oouio b+sc+noo-sc n+ c|cv+io o+ |oout|-
v|o+oc c cm um uso m+|s cc|cntc o+s tc||+s +g||cu|t+vc|s V+|c cn|+t|z+| uc cstc +umcnto oc
|oouio ocvc| sc| |uno+mcnt+|mcntc com+t|vc| com o |csc|to s |cg|s|+ocs +mb|cnt+|s oo
+|s tcnoo como cxcm|o um+ +g||cu|tu|+ +mb|cnt+|mcntc sustcnt+vc| soc|+|mcntc ,ust+ c
cconom|c+mcntc v|+vc|
^ c|cv+io o+ |oout|v|o+oc +g||co|+ cst+ |o|tcmcntc +ssoc|+o+ +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c +||c+-
ocs tccno|og|c+s uc c|m|tcm os s|stcm+s to|n+|cm-sc m+|s c|c|cntcs |o c+so oo ||+s||
+|cm oo |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+s |nst|tu|ocs oc c+|+tc| n+c|on+| c cst+ou+| sugc|c-sc |nccnt|v+| +s
o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
cnt|o+ocs oc cns|no sc,+m oc cu|so tccn|co ou un|vc|s|t+||o c uc o |uno+mcnto b+s|co oo
ocscnvo|v|mcnto c bcm-cst+| o+ ou|+io |u|+| ocvc cst+| |uno+mcnt+oo n+ c|scct|v+ oc
g+n|os cconom|cos o| +|tc oc su+s +t|v|o+ocs |o|t+nto |+ oc sc conv|| uc cm u+|uc| cc-
n+||o uc cstc,+ c|+ss|c+oo o |movc| |u|+| sc,+ o| t+m+n|o o| |cno+ ou o| u+|uc| out|o
c||tc||o sc|+ |uno+mcnt+| uc cstcs cst+bc|cc|mcntos vcn|+m + sc to|n+| un|o+ocs oc ncgoc|os
|cstc scnt|oo +|gum+s sugcstocs sio +|cscnt+o+s +|+ uc ||ust|cm + o|scussio sob|c o uc |c|c-
scnt+|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co n+ |oouio +g||co|+ n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s um+ vcz uc
O ||+s|| c um oos oucos +|scs no munoo onoc c oss|vc| o |nc|cmcnto subst+nc|+| o+
|oouio oc +||mcntos c b|ocnc|g|+ oc |o|m+ sustcnt+vc|
Os +umcntos oc |oouio obt|oos c|+ +g||cu|tu|+ b|+s||c||+ cstio |c|+c|on+oos com g+-
n|os tccno|og|cos nio com + cx+nsio o+ +|c+ cu|t|v+o+
^s |cssocs +ssoc|+o+s +o c|csc|mcnto ou|+c|on+| g|ob+| c + o|m|nu|io o+ +|c+ +g||-
cu|t+vc| e .a:a no |+nct+ co|oc+m o ||+s|| como + ||nc|+| otcnc|+ +g||co|+ |ovc-
oo|+ oc +||mcntos c b|ocnc|g|+ +|+ o munoo
O +|s ocvc conccnt|+| cs|o|os c |ccu|sos n+ mc||o||+ o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ oc cns|no cs-
u|s+ c |nov+io v|s+noo c|cv+| scu g|+u oc comct|t|v|o+oc no ccn+||o muno|+|
6. As polticas institucionais e a sustentabilidade
^ ocn|io o| o||t|c+s c|cnt|c+s uc +ootcm o tcm+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc ocsoc su+ conccio
ocvc tc| como b+sc +|guns ||+|cs uc ocvc|io |cgc| + o|scussio sob|c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+-
c|on+| + s+bc|
C|csc|mcnto com ocscnvo|v|mcnto cst|utu|+|
|gu+|o+oc |nsc|io cnt|c o c|csc|mcnto |oouio c consumo
ustcnt+b|||o+oc - |+|mon|+ cnt|c o c|csc|mcnto cconom|co c + n+tu|cz+
Con|cc|mcnto v+|o||z+io c ||o||z+io o+ couc+io
|ccon|cc|mcnto o+ c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io como b+scs +|+ o +umcnto o+ |o-
out|v|o+oc c o+ comct|t|v|o+oc
|+|+ uc os ||nc||os |c|+c|on+oos +ntc||o|mcntc oss+m sc| cxccut+vc|s o mooc|o oc ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto cconom|co ocvc tc| como |uno+mcnto +) + cont|nu|o+oc oc um+ o||t|c+ oc cst+b|-
||o+oc cconom|c+ b) + conso||o+io oc um+ o||t|c+ oc o|st||bu|io oc |cno+ c) o |o|t+|cc|mcn-
to oc um+ o||t|c+ oc o|son|b|||z+io oo c|co|to c |nvcst|mcntos cm |n||+cst|utu|+
)o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
^|cm oos tcm+s cons|oc|+oos como m+c|o out|o cxc|c|c|o ocvc sc| cxccut+oo c|os govc|nos
+ |m|cmcnt+io oc um+ o||t|c+ oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc n+ +om|n|st|+io ub||c+ tcnoo como
b+sc +|mct|os soc|o+mb|cnt+|s oc +v+||+io c +com+n|+mcnto
|stc cxc|c|c|o |o| cxccut+oo u+noo o+ Con|c|cnc|+ |+c|on+| oc |c|o ^mb|cntc uc cm +sso-
c|+io com +s oc||bc|+ocs c |ccomcno+ocs o+ Con|c|cnc|+ |+c|on+| oc C|cnc|+ ccno|og|+ c
|nov+io ooc |cv+| + um+ nov+ ot|c+ oc +u|s|ocs cconom|+ uso c ocsc+|tc oos bcns c sc|v|-
os cont|+t+oos c|+s +gcnc|+s govc|n+mcnt+|s
7. Concluses e recomendaes
O ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+c|on+| ocvc|+ sc| m+nt|oo + +|t|| oc ||nc||os uc |cgcm + oc-
moc|+c|+ c + c++c|o+oc oc c||+| o||t|c+s const|u|o+s + +|t|| o+s v+||+s vozcs c v|socs
^ ^m+zon|+ c o cm|+||oo ||+s||c||os mc|cccm um+ +tcnio cscc|+| u+nto o||t|c+
oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt||co c tccno|og|co + +|t|| oc oc||bc|+ocs o+ |V C|C|
|os oo|s c+sos |+ um+ ncccss|o+oc oc muo+n+ n+ +bo|o+gcm +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto |c-
g|on+| um+ vcz uc +tc o momcnto somcntc o comoncntc o+ |oouio ||m+||+ tcm
s|oo ocst+c+oo
^s |cg|ocs b|+s||c||+s mc|cccm cstuoos cscc|cos oc |o|m+ uc o |nvcst|mcnto cm c|-
cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ oss+ +o|+| +s muo+n+s |cuc||o+s c|+s ou|+ocs cm |+cc o+
o|son|b|||o+oc oc |ccu|sos |um+nos c m+tc||+|s
O cm|cs+||+oo n+c|on+| ocvc cont||bu|| oc |o|m+ m+|s c|ct|v+ com os |nvcst|mcntos cm
c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+
^s o||t|c+s oc govc|no v|s+noo |nov+io tccno|og|c+ ocvc|io sc| m+|s |+c||mcntc +ccs-
s|vc|s o| +|tc oos |ntc|css+oos cm +|t|cu|+| s cm|cs+s n+c|on+|s uc v+|o||z+m +
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc n+c|on+|
O ||+s|| cont|nu+|+ scnoo um+ |o|tc otcnc|+ muno|+| n+ |oouio oc +||mcntos m+-
tc||+s-||m+s c b|ocombust|vc|s ocvcnoo +|+ t+nto cst+bc|ccc| mct+s c o||t|c+s uc
c|m|t+m +o|+| cstc c|csc|mcnto
^s +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s sc,+m +g||co|+s |noust||+|s ou oc sc|v|os ocvcm cst+| |+st|c-
+o+s cm o||t|c+s oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc +mb|cnt+| oc |o|m+ uc o +|s sc,+ o cxcm|o +|+
o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c o c|csc|mcnto cconom|co ncstc sccu|o
)+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Contribuies
+ |u|z ^nton|o |||+s - |C
. |+|c|o |oc|m+nn - |||^
|c|t|+ |cc|c| - ||||
| ^|bc||c|o |c|c||+ - ||^
|co|o |u|z |+||cto |+ssos - |||| c |+tu|+
Cc|+|oo ^b|cu ||^
||c+|oo ||c|sc|ows|y - Cc+|
s |osc Cc|+|oo |ugcn|o oc |mb|++
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Relatrio da sesso Desenvolvimento sustentvel
Luiz Antonio Barreto de Castro
1. O contexto
|cscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| ocnc + |ntcnio o+ o||t|c+ oc cst+oo uc sc |ctcnoc c|+bo|+| c
uc |o| ob,cto ocst+ | C|C| |stc contcxto ob||g+ + |ccxocs m+|s +m|+s sob|c sustcnt+b|||-
o+oc o|s nio oocmos ||m|t+-|+ s ucstocs +mb|cnt+|s |o| out|o |+oo cst+s |ccxocs oc cc|-
t+ |o|m+ octc|m|n+m o +c| o+ |nov+io so|uio oc out|os |+to|cs uc g+|+nt+m u+||o+oc
oc v|o+ +|+ + soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+
|sto cou c|+|o no cu|to comcnt+||o oo Coo|ocn+oo| |u|z Conz+g+ oc |c||o |c||uzzo uc n+
|cscn+ ||m|t+o+ uc tcvc n+ scio |cn+||+ c|guntou uc soc|co+oc uc|cmos +|+ o +|s
no |utu|o cgunoo cscc|+||st+s n+ |ox|m+ occ+o+ ooc|cmos sc| + u|nt+ cconom|+ oo |+-
nct+ C|cg+| u|nt+ cconom|+ muno|+| s|gn|c+ um g|+noc +v+no cconom|co |nt|ct+nto sc
c|s|st||cm os ocscu|||b||os soc|+|s cm |cg|ocs uc sc cstcnocm o| m+|s oc .;, oo subcont|-
ncntc octc|m|n+noo um+ o+s |o|cs o|st||bu|ocs oc |cno+ cnt|c tooos os +|scs nio tc|cmos
mu|to oo uc nos o|gu||+| Com c|c|to o |||;c+|t+ oo ||+s|| cst+ cm ccntcs|mo ||mc||o |ug+|
|st+mos com cs|o|o c|cg+noo + ocz m|| oo|+|cs ^ m+|o||+ oos +|scs uc oocm sc|v|| oc |c-
|c|cnc|+ +|+ o ||+s|| tcm |cno+;c+|t+ n+ |+|x+ oc t||nt+ + u+|cnt+ m|| oo|+|cs |io +o|+nt+ sc|
+ u|nt+ cconom|+ oo munoo sc + |cno+;c+|t+ nio |o| mu|t|||c+o+ o| t|cs | o | o| + |cn-
o+;c+|t+ o+s |cg|ocs |o|tc c |o|ocstc c mcnos o+ mct+oc o+ |cno+;c+|t+ o+ |cg|io uocstc
uc c um u+|to o+ |cno+;c+|t+ o+ u|+ + +; no munoo |o|tc c |o|ocstc tcm |cno+;c+|t+
+ cc|ct+||o oc |o||t|c+s oc ||og|+m+s oc |csu|s+ c |cscnvo|v|mcnto oo ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C)
|u|z ^nton|o |+||cto oc C+st|o
)
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
s|gn|||c+t|v+mcntc m+|s b+|x+ oo uc +s ocm+|s |cg|ocs O m+|o| ocs+o oo +|s c |omovc| m+|s
cu|||b||o no scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| +|t|cu|+|mcntc ncst+s ou+s |cg|ocs
2. As palestras
O +|cst|+ntc o+ |mb|++ +|gumcntou com |cg|t|m|o+oc cm |+vo| o+ |mo|tnc|+ oo +g|onc-
goc|o ||oc| muno|+| cm |oout|v|o+oc +|+ um g|+noc numc|o oc |ooutos |m||c|t+ ncst+
c||o|m+ncc cst+ + |nov+io uc +com+n|+ + |oouio +g||co|+ oo uc |csu|tou + mu|t|-
||c+io o| c|nco o+ s+||+ +g||co|+ nos u|t|mos u+|cnt+ +nos cm g|+noc +|tc |csu|t+ntc o+
|cscn+ o+ |mb|++ + +|t|| oos +nos |o| oss|vc| cstc ocscmcn|o scm g|+noc +v+no
o+ ||ontc||+ +g||co|+ +|no+ |n|c||o| + m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs O +g|oncgoc|o +|cm o|sso g+|+ntc
cm|cgos c|o |co com+|+t|v+mcntc m+|s b+|xo oo uc tooos os ocm+|s scto|cs
C+bc cons|oc|+| oo|s +scctos uc const|tucm os g|+nocs ocs+os oo +g|oncgoc|o cm ||mc||o
|ug+| os |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s |nc|cntcs +o +g|oncgoc|o | ncccss+||o |oo| so|uocs b|o|og|c+s
mcnos o|ucntcs oo uc + ut|||z+io oc so|uocs u|m|c+s t+nto |couz|noo o uso oc +g|otox|-
cos como oc |c|t|||z+ntcs cm +|t|cu|+| n|t|ogcn|o um+ oos m+|o|cs o|u|oo|cs oos |cno|s ||c-
+t|cos oo +|s ||x+| n|t|ogcn|o cm g|+m|nc+s c o |o,cto m+|s |mo|t+ntc oo +g|oncgoc|o mun-
o|+| O scgunoo ocs+o c u+||c+| o cm|cgo +g||co|+ +umcnt+noo n+ncc||+mcntc o t|+b+||o
|u|+| c b+n|noo o subcm|cgo n+s +|c+s |u|+|s |sto sc|+ oss|vc| +g|cg+noo v+|o| |oouio oo
+g||co|+ cm +|t|cu|+| o+ cucn+ |o||co+oc
|nc|cntc + cstc ocs+o cst+ um+ |o|uno+ |cv|sio oo |occsso oc |c|o|m+ +g|+||+ uc |o,c
cons|oc|+ o +sscnt+mcnto como |no|c+oo| oc succsso ^sscnt+mcnto c ncccss+||o m+s nio c
suc|cntc ^ cxtcnsio |u|+| uc ooc||+ g+|+nt|| +ss|stcnc|+ tccn|c+ +o +sscnt+oo +ss+ o| um+
c||sc uc tcvc o||gcm no govc|no Co||o| uc cxt|ngu|u + |mb|+tc| c +|no+ nio sc |ccuc|ou O
+v+no o+ ||ontc||+ +g||co|+ c + cont||bu|io oos g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ + mcu vc| sio |ob|cm+s
mcno|cs oo uc os c|t+oos
^ |o|csso|+ |cc|c| o+ |||| +|cscntou scu mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ ||+ sc b+-
sc|+ n+ +g|cg+io oc v+|o| +os |ooutos o+ o|cst+ como un|c+ |o|m+ oc m+ntc| + o|cst+ cm c
ôvog+ uc cstc cs|o|o sc,+ |c|to +|t|cu|+|mcntc + ocstc oo c|+m+oo +|co oo ocsm+t+mcnto
no cst+oo oo ^m+zon+s uc tcm su+ o|cst+ |csc|v+o+ ^ |o|csso|+ nio +c|co|t+ uc o +|s
oss+ ut|||z+| |ccu|sos cxtc|nos cm cont|++|t|o+ |couio oo ocso|cst+mcnto g|+noc ocs+-
o o+ |cg|io ^m+zon|c+ |os u|t|mos v|ntc +nos o ocso|cst+mcnto |oubou o+ ^m+zon|+ um+
+|c+ cu|v+|cntc +o tc|||to||o o+ ^|cm+n|+ |o| out|o |+oo o |co|cst+mcnto n+ |cg|io ocst|u|o+
ooc sc| um |+to| oc cst|mu|o + |nvcst|mcntos cxtc|nos o|uc o |co|cst+mcnto cont||bu| +|+
|couio oo +|m+zcn+mcnto oc CO
.
O ocso|cst+mcnto oc |+to sc conccnt|+ no cst+oo oo |+|+
|c|+to||o o+ scssio |cscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|'
),
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^ o|cst+ ocns+ oo cst+oo oo ^m+zon+s c|m+nccc |o|tcmcntc |n+|tc|+o+ |io |ouvc tcmo
+|+ + |o|csso|+ |cc|c| +|cscnt+| u+|uc| cst|m+t|v+ oc custo +|+ + su+ |oost+
^ ^m+zon|+ nunc+ tc|+ |ccu|sos +|+ |omovc| scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto sc cont|nu+|mos + t|+ns|c-
||| +|+ cst+ |cg|io como |+zcmos m|||ocs oc |c+|s;+no ^ o|ocm oc g|+nocz+ c oc b|||ocs como
+contcccu com ||+s|||+ O ocs+o oc ocscnvo|vc| + ^m+zon|+ c com+|+t|v+mcntc mcno| oo uc
o uc |csu|tou n+ c||+io oc ||+s|||+ Como cxcm|o um+ ||o|oc|ct||c+ v+| |nvcst|| + b|||io oc |c+|s;
+no cm C ou|+ntc ocz +nos no cst+oo oc |onoon|+ |u|t+s out|+s ||o|oc|ct||c+s +|cm oc m|-
nc|+oo|+s cx|stcm n+ |cg|io c um+ cngcn|+||+ n+ncc||+ |cv+noo cm cons|oc|+io |o|tcmcntc
|nvcst|mcntos ||v+oos |o| +oot+o+ n+ |cg|io v+mos n+|mcntc t|+t+| + ^m+zon|+ com + ||o||-
o+oc ocv|o+ o uc nunc+ +contcccu +tc |o,c Os ocs+os o+ ^m+zon|+ sio o+ o|ocm oc b|||ocs
O cxc|c|c|o oc um+ o||t|c+ cconom|c+ +ustc|+ ncstcs u|t|mos +nos t||ou o ||+s|| oc ocvcoo|
+|+ c|coo| oo ||| |m |cn+ c||sc + ocouio oo ||| |cv|go|ou + |noust||+ +utomot|v+ + ||n|+
b|+nc+ c + const|uio c|v|| uc sc +b+tcu n+ cconom|+ muno|+| c com vont+oc o||t|c+ o go-
vc|no |cvc|tc| +|tc oo |mosto uc |cccbc oos cst+oos o+ ^m+zon|+ cst+bc|ccc| um |unoo
+om|n|st|+oo c|+s |^| c cnt|cg+| + |nst|tu|ocs como |mb|++ |||^ Coc|o| ||oc|uz |c+t|o
|v+no|o C|+g+s cnt|c out|+s + t+|c|+ oc |oo| c cxccut+| um |og|+m+ +|+ ocscnvo|vc| +
^m+zon|+ cm o|to +nos cst+ |n|c|+t|v+ tc|+ succsso |gu+|mcntc o ||+s|| ooc|+ ncgoc|+| como
novo c|coo| oo ||| um |oac.oeo: |aoa +|+ + ^m+zon|+ +|+ +t|+|| com ||oc|+n+ +o|tc
oc |ccu|sos oc out|os +|scs |+ ||otcsc oc sc t|+t+| oc um cm|cst|mo |n|c|+| oo ||+s|| oc
b|||ocs oc oo|+|cs ocstc c+|t+|;+no co||csonoc + m|||ocs oc oo|+|cs |stc mont+ntc
ooc||+ sc| +c|csc|oo oc |cnunc|+ sc+| oc +/ oos |mostos oos cst+oos o+ ^m+zon|+ uc cm
|o| oc m|||ocs oc |c+|s Os |o,ctos +|+ |cvc|tc| cm muo+n+s oc usos o+ tc||+ como
+ subst|tu|io cm g|+noc csc+|+ o+s o|cst+s o| +st+gcns ou c+mos +g||co|+s +|+ o|m|nu||
+s t+x+s oc cv+ot|+ns||+io + comos|io c + u+nt|o+oc oc nuc|cos oc conocns+io oc nu-
vcns com g|+noc otcnc|+| oc moo|c+io oo |cg|mc oc c|uv+s como |ccon|z+ + |o|csso|+
|cc|c| sio |o,ctos c+|os |o| mc|o oc o||t|c+s +mb|cnt+|s c +ocs govc|n+mcnt+|s +|no+ +ss|m
o ||+s|| occnoc oc cons|oc|+vc|s cs|o|os +|+ + |csc|v+io oo ||om+ ^m+zon|co
^ |cg|io +ss+ +tu+|mcntc o| um |occsso oc |ntcnso o|n+m|smo cm o||cio + um+ conso||-
o+io oc |uno+mcnt+| |m+cto c |mo|tnc|+ cst|+tcg|c+ +|+ scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto c +|+ +s
m+t||zcs n+c|on+|s oc |oouio +g||co|+ c cnc|gct|c+ |+|+ |omovc| + consc|v+io oo ||om+
^m+zon|co c |m|csc|no|vc| +g|cg+| v+|o| +os |ooutos o+ o|cst+ c||+| c |m|cmcnt+| +|c+s
|otcg|o+s |omovc| o mon|to|+mcnto o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc m+ntc| mon|to|+| c +||mo|+| +ocs
oc consc|v+io |o|t+|ccc| c+oc|+s |oout|v+s |omovc| o cmooc|+mcnto |oc+| |+zc| uso oo
cxt|+o|o|n+||o otcnc|+| oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s com um+ o|c|t+ oc oocs oc m+nc,o oc |ccu|-
sos n+tu|+|s c oc s|stcm+s oc |oouocs +g|occu+||+s c o|cst+|s sustcnt+vc|s ^ cst|+tcg|+ oo
govc|no tcm como mct+ |n|c|+| cst+bc|ccc| o o|ocn+mcnto tc|||to||+| o| mc|o oo zonc+mcnto
)o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|co|og|co-|conom|co (z||) ocn|noo + ocst|n+io oc uso o+s +|c+s +|+ |otcio c consc|v+-
io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto scgunoo c||tc||os oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc ccono-
m|c+ soc|+| cco|og|c+ c +mb|cnt+|
O ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+ ^m+zon|+ c o m+|o| ocs+o o+ ||sto||+ oo +|s O ||n|stc||o
o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ cn||cntou o|cu|o+ocs +o |ongo o+s u|t|m+s ou+s occ+o+s +|+ +tu+| oc
|o|m+ coo|ocn+o+ cm c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ n+ ^m+zon|+ ||og|+m+s |mo|t+ntcs como o |o|co
|m|oo uc cnsc,ou + c||+io o+ Co|+m o| |cg|s|+io cscc|c+ nio t|vc|+m succsso ^ |ncx|s-
tcnc|+ oc um |og|+m+ +|+ t|+t+| ocstc tcm+ n+ |cg|io cst|mu|ou + so||c|t+io oc cm|cst|mos c
oo+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s uc |+mcnt+vc|mcntc o| scu c+|+tc| n|to nio |cso|vc|+m os |ob|cm+s
o+ ^m+zon|+ c |mco||+m + cont|nu|o+oc oc +ocs o||t|c+s c++zcs oc +bo|o+-|+s oc m+nc||+
+ocu+o+ |o| cst+ c o| out|+s |+zocs + o|cst+ cncont|+-sc cm |occsso +cc|c|+oo oc ocst|u|io
^ |coc ||ono|tc |omovc um novo cn|ouc O contcxto +tu+| cx|gc um |og|+m+ c++z oc
|omovc| + convc|gcnc|+ o+ c|cnc|+ o+ |cg|io +|+ uc +ocs nio sc to|ncm m+|s |couno+ntcs
c o|sc|s+s |stc novo contcxto |nc|u| o cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc o|to |nst|tutos n+c|on+|s oc csu|s+
c|cnt||c+ |n+nc|+oos c|o |C c o| |^| o+ |cg|io Os scc|ct+||os oc C oc tooos os cst+oos
o+ ^m+zon|+ cst+bc|ccc|+m com o +v+| oo m|n|st|o c|g|o |+c|+oo |czcnoc + |coc ||ono|tc
Os |c|cscnt+ntcs oo |||^ c oo |||| o|sco||c|+m sob|c + |mo|tnc|+ o+ |nov+io como |+to|
|m|csc|no|vc| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto com sustcnt+b|||o+oc Com c|c|to cm |+vo| oo otcn-
c|+| |m||c|to o+ |nov+io +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto |+ um+ |c|+io +cc|t+ o| cstuo|osos oc uc
+|scs uc |omovcm o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ C c+m|n|+m m+|s |+|o+mcntc +|+ um+ o|s-
t||bu|io ,ust+ oc |cno+ |m cstuoo oc +v+||+io oos |unoos scto||+|s |c|to c|o |||^ c uc cst+
cm +no+mcnto ut|||z+ cst+ |cm|ss+ como b+sc ocmonst|+noo com cst+t|st|c+s oc +b|+ngcnc|+
g|ob+| uc u+nto m+|o| |o| + |c|+io cnt|c C m+|o| o |||;c+|t+ oos +|scs |+ com c|c|to
um+ |c|+io cnt|c + m+ss+ c||t|c+ +tu+ntc cm C no ||+s|| c o |||;|cg|io Os o+oos |o|+m co-
|ct+oos o+ b+sc oc o+oos oo C|| uc |c|+c|on+ tooos os g|uos oc csu|s+ cm +t|v|o+oc nos
+|s cm +no |cccntc Cc|c+ oc ocstcs g|uos +tu+v+m n+ |cg|io uocstc O ||| o+ |cg|io
uocstc c|+ o+ o|ocm oc oo ||| |+c|on+| |+|+ too+s +s ocm+|s |cg|ocs + |c|+io cnt|c +
m+ss+ c||t|c+ oc csu|s+ mco|o+ c|os g|uos oc csu|s+ cm +t|v|o+oc cm c+o+ |cg|io c o |||
|cg|on+| most|+ co||c|+io cst|c|t+ ^ss|m o| cxcm|o sc som+|mos + m+ss+ c||t|c+ o+s |cg|-
ocs |o|tc |o|ocstc c Ccnt|o Ocstc c|cg+|cmos + .,/ o+ m+ss+ c||t|c+ n+c|on+| O ||| o+s t|cs
|cg|ocs som+o+s c o+ o|ocm oc .|/ oo ||| |+c|on+| ^ss|m nio sc ooc |oo| |nov+io como
|+to| oc g+|+nt|+ o+ comct|t|v|o+oc +|+ o +|s scm cons|oc|+| os out|os +|mct|os c|t+oos
|nt|ct+nto nio somcntc ncst+s +|cst|+s como cm out|+s |c|+c|on+o+s + |nov+io ouv|mos |c-
ct|o+mcntc o o|st+nc|+mcnto uc cx|stc cnt|c o ccn+||o b|+s||c||o c o oc +|scs mcsmo +uc-
|cs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto como Co|c|+ |no|+ c C||n+ |no|c+oo|cs como os numc|os oc +tcntcs;
+|t|gos c|cnt|cos ocmonst|+m uc o ||+s|| nio conscguc t|+ns|o|m+| + c|cnc|+ cm |noust||+
|c|+to||o o+ scssio |cscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|'
))
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
O |nvcst|mcnto oc ||sco c cxt|cm+mcntc ||m|t+oo O scto| ||v+oo |nvcstc oo ||| cm oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co c |noust||+| O +|c+bouo |cg+| uc ooc cst|mu|+| m+|o| |nvcst|-
mcnto ||v+oo c |cccntc |io tcmos um+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ oc o|tc c +|cm o+ |noust||+
oc ct|o|co so o +g|oncgoc|o tcm comct|t|v|o+oc |ntc|n+c|on+|
|io sc cons|oc|+ cnt|ct+nto uc + un|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ nio tcm um sccu|o c + os-g|+ou+io
tcm t||nt+ +nos ^tc + occ+o+ oc nio t|n|+mos m+ss+ c||t|c+ ncm |n||+cst|utu|+ cm C
|io t|n|+mos um +|c+bouo |cg+| +ocu+oo |io t|vcmos |nvcst|mcntos ||v+oos ou|+ntc |ongo
c||ooo oc |n|+io uc |cv+|cccu +tc mc+oos o+ occ+o+ oc |+ vc|o+oc o ||+s|| nio t|n|+
moco+ O ||+s|| so tcm moco+ |+ u|nzc +nos oco|s oo ||+no |c+| c +|no+ tcm um +mb|cntc
cconom|co +ovc|so uc +cn+s o+ s|n+|s oc muo+n+ nos u|t|mos u|nzc +nos ^|no+ tcm cmb|o
,u|os c c+|g+ t||but+||+ +ovc|sos |n||+cst|utu|+ occ|t+||+ b+|x+ u+||c+io o+ mio oc ob|+ +|cm
oc |nscgu|+n+ ,u||o|c+ c bu|oc|+c|+ cxccss|v+ ^ |cgu|+io m+|s |o|c|+ |nov+io c |cccntc |n-
v+||+vc|mcntc cstc |o| o o|scu|so oos cscc|+||st+s oo scto| oc |noust||+ nio so ncst+ |cn+||+ ||c+
+ c|gunt+ como o ||+s|| sc|+ + u|nt+ cconom|+ oo munoo n+ |ox|m+ occ+o+
Parte
Amaznla
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
Contribuies poltica de Estado de CT&I:
fundamentos, diretrizes, propostas e compromissos
para uma Amaznia sustentvel
Marclio de Freitas
1ese central. ^ const|uio oc um+ o||t|c+ oc |st+oo oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ c + |nco|o|+io

oo +|+o|gm+ o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc + cstc cm|ccno|mcnto |c+|m+m + ncccss|o+oc oc sc ||v|-
|cg|+|cm c|nco g|+nocs c|xos +) const|u|| nov+s +bo|o+gcns c cst|+tcg|+s |nst|tuc|on+|s uc cs-
tcno+m os bcnc||c|os o+ C| + tooos os scto|cs soc|+|s oo ||+s|| cm cscc|+| +os mcnos |+vo-
|cc|oos .) |nst|tu|| mcc+n|smos oc|+c|on+|s uc ||o||zcm os |og|+m+s cst|utu|+ntcs oc C|
uc +b+|ucm +s com|cx|o+ocs c +s o|vc|s|o+ocs soc|+|s c cconom|c+s n+c|on+|s |ntcg|+noo-os
+os |occssos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| sustcnt+oo s|tu+oo c |oc+||z+oo ,) |m|+nt+| cst|u-
tu|+s |nst|tuc|on+|s uc g+|+nt+m m+|s concct|v|o+oc c |cso|ut|v|o+oc oos cm|ccno|mcntos
c|cnt|cos c tccno|og|cos com +s o||t|c+s ub||c+s cm cscc|+| com +s o||t|c+s ub||c+s b+s|c+s
couc+io c |o|m+io oouto|+| s+uoc t|+nso|tc |noust||+ cnc|g|+ +||mcnt+io |+b|t+io t|+-
b+||o |c|+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s |n|o|m+io comun|c+io c cu|tu|+ |) c||+| c coo|ocn+| concxocs
oc|+c|on+|s |nout|v+s c const|tut|v+s o+ o||t|c+ oc C| com cm|ccno|mcntos cst|+tcg|cos
|nco|o|+io oc m+|s comct|t|v|o+oc +o mc|c+oo |ntcg|+io oos |nst|tutos c o+s |nst|tu|ocs
+c+ocm|c+s com + |noust||+ c o mc|c+oo c +m||+io o+ |cscn+ cconom|c+ b|+s||c||+ no
ccn+||o muno|+| c ,) ocsccnt|+||z+| +s |nst|tu|ocs n+c|on+|s oc gcstio c |omcnto oc C| c +m-
||+| su+s |cscn+s n+ o||t|c+ b|+s||c||+ oc |c|+ocs cxtc||o|cs ^ |ctcnsio oc o ||+s|| sc |m+|
como + ||nc|+| otcnc|+ +mb|cnt+| oo sccu|o .+ c oc + ^m+zon|+ sc c|cocnc|+| como o ||nc|-
+| ccnt|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| oo |+nct+ oc novos ocs+os c com|om|ssos |ns-
t|tuc|on+|s +o ooc| ub||co com + o||t|c+ n+c|on+| oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ ^ |nsc|io oo ||+s||
ncstc cm|ccno|mcnto so tcm cx|cssio c |o|+ o||t|c+ + +|t|| o+ |ntcg|+io |cg|on+| c n+c|o-
n+| o+ ^m+zon|+ +|t|cu|+o+ +o scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|occonom|co so||o+||o c com+|t|||+oo
+ cc|ct+||o oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ oo |st+oo oo ^m+zon+s
|+|c|||o oc ||c|t+s
s:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
1. Qual o lugar da sustentabilidade no mundo? Qual o lugar
do mundo na sustentabilidade? Quais so suas articulaes
com as cincias e as tecnologias?
O sccu|o .+ +|cscnt+ moo|c+ocs soc|occonom|c+s |+o|c+|s |nu+nto tcnocnc|+ un|vc|s+| oo
|cg|mc c+|t+||st+ o|vc|s+s cont|+o|ocs sc |c+|m+|+m num+ congu|+io cst|utu|+ntc cmc|-
gcntc com um novo |uno+mcnto c|v|||z+to||o + |nco|o|+io o+ cco|og|+ cnu+nto +|+o|gm+
un|vc|s+| +os |occssos o||t|cos cconom|cos c c|cnt||cos muno|+|s (||||^ )
| ncstc ccn+||o mu|t|o|mcns|on+| uc + c|cnc|+ c + tccno|og|+ sc |c+|m+m como um oos c|xos
ccnt|+|s oos |occssos c|v|||z+to||os c o ||+s|| c + ^m+zon|+ cm o|ocm sc ocm como + ||nc|-
+| otcnc|+ +mb|cnt+| c s|gno cco|og|co muno|+| oo sccu|o .+ |uno|noo-sc ocn|t|v+mcntc +o
|utu|o c ||sto||+ o+ |um+n|o+oc |sso num+ c|scct|v+ mov|mcnt+o+ c|os cm|ccno|mcn-
tos c|cnt|cos c tccno|og|cos +||n|+oos com o +|+o|gm+ o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc cnu+nto |nst|u-
mcnto oc comb+tc ocs|gu+|o+oc soc|+| c + sc|v|o o+ |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+| oos |ug+|cs c oo
|+nct+ o| mc|o o+ |nst|tuc|on+||z+io o+s o||t|c+s ub||c+s
^ un|vc|s+||z+io o+s o||t|c+s ub||c+s +|no+ const|tu| um son|o o|st+ntc +|+ +m|+ +|cc|+ o+
ou|+io muno|+| +uoc couc+io |+b|t+io +||mcnt+io t|+nso|tc s+nc+mcnto b+s|co c
|+zc| sio cx|gcnc|+s oc c|o+o+n|+ |cscntcs n+s |cocu+ocs o||t|c+s n+ m+|o||+ oos mooc|os
oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oos |st+oos n+c|on+|s ocsoob|+noo-sc no |occsso oc const|uio oc cm-
|ccno|mcntos sustcnt+vc|s
|cstc scnt|oo + noio oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| tcm |ob|cm+s cst|utu|+ntcs ocnt|c os
u+|s sc ocst+c+m sc|s g|+nocs ucstocs too+s c|+s |c|+c|on+o+s com + cx+nsio oo c+|t+||smo
+) os mcc+n|smos oc oc|+c|on+||o+oc oos cm|ccno|mcntos sustcnt+vc|s cm gc|+| nio cst+-
bc|cccm como onoc c u+noo |omc| com + |o|m+ c|+ss|c+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto Co||c-sc o
||sco oc sc const|u|| um cm|ccno|mcnto soc|occonom|co cst|utu|+|mcntc |ncons|stcntc c uc
cont||b|u||+ +|+ + |ntcns|c+io o+s ocs|gu+|o+ocs soc|+|s .) cx|stc um+ |ncom+t|b|||o+oc o+
noio oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc com o concc|to oc c|csc|mcnto nio oo c|csc|mcnto n+ncc||o m+s
oo c|csc|mcnto oo uxo oc m+ss+ c cnc|g|+ |sso |csu|t+|+ no ||v||cg|o oo mc|c+oo oc bcns com
m+|o| ou|+b|||o+oc c um+ muo+n+ cst|utu|+| n+ m+t||z |noust||+| st+no+|o ,) os +|scs ccnt|+|s
cstio c+o+ vcz m+|s ||cos cm oct||mcnto oc um c|csccntc |occsso oc +uc||z+io oos +|scs
c|||c||cos oo onto oc v|st+ oos +|scs ob|cs |+z-sc ncccss+||o |nco|o|+| c|cmcntos |o||os
o+ cono|io |um+n+ noio oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc |+ um |ob|cm+ +o|c|on+| + c|csccntc ono+
oc ||v+t|z+io oos mc|os oc |oouio cons||+ cont|+ + |oc|+ oc gcstio cm |ongo |+zo o+s ||-
ucz+s n+tu|+|s oo |+nct+ |) + ||sto||+ |cg|st|+ uc os o|scu|sos oos govc|nos ccnt|+|s ocsto+m
oc su+s +ocs |+t|c+s |sscs govc|nos nio c|ct|v+|io ncn|um+ cxc||cnc|+ ncn|um |occsso ou
Cont||bu|ocs o||t|c+ oc |st+oo oc C| |uno+mcntos o||ct||zcs
|oost+s c com|om|ssos +|+ um+ +m+zon|+ sustcnt+vc|
s,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto uc on|+ cm ||sco o cst+oo oc bcm-cst+| oc scus c|c|to|cs c +s
cst+b|||o+ocs cconom|c+s c o||t|c+s oc scus +|scs ,) os cstuoos cm|||cos most|+m uc + no-
io oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| so tcm v|gcnc|+ ||sto||c+ cm cxc||cnc|+s |oc+|s cnu+nto
o||t|c+ |+nc,+o+ oc +|ovc|t+mcnto oos |ccu|sos oc um tc|||to||o cnvo|vcnoo con|gu|+ocs
soc|+|s s|tu+ocs o||t|c+s c oss|b|||o+ocs oc +||c+ocs oc tccno|og|+s o|son|vc|s ^ un|vc|s+||z+-
io ocss+s cxc||cnc|+s |oc+|s com |o,cocs cm csc+|+ |+nct+||+ c |cgu|+o+ o| um ob,ct|vo co-
mum ncgoc|+oo + |csc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc uc o| su+ vcz cst+ cst|c|t+mcntc +ssoc|+o+
o|vc|s|o+oc cu|tu|+| ^ cx|stcnc|+ oc cono|ocs ob,ct|v+s +|+ su+ |cn+ |c+||z+io +|no+ c ob,cto
oc mu|t+s o|cm|c+s ^ ut|||z+io |n+ocu+o+ o+ b|os|c|+ + mc|c+nt|||z+io cx+cc|b+o+ oo mc|o
+mb|cntc c oo ||nc||o oc c|on+gcm c + c|csccntc |ntcns|c+io oo |occsso oc +uc||z+io
oos +|scs c|||c||cos sio |+to|cs uc cons||+m cont|+ um+ so|uio cm cu|to |+zo c n+|mcn-
tc ) cx|stc um+ c|csccntc tcnsio cnt|c + noio oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc c o ||nc||o un|vc|s+| oc
scgu|+n+ n+c|on+| O g|+u oc |||cio cnt|c cstcs oo|s cm|ccno|mcntos ||sto||cos occnoc|+
|o|tcmcntc o+ cvo|uio oos |occssos o||t|cos cm csc+|+ muno|+|
|ss+s sc|s ucstocs (||||^ + b) uc mov|mcnt+m + noio oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc nos
|occssos muno|+|s cncont|+m-sc |cscntcs nos mooc|os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+|s c n+-
c|on+|s com |m+ctos cm su+s con|o|m+ocs gco||sto||c+s +|t|cu|+noo os scus |uno+mcntos
cx||c+t|vos c oc|+c|on+|s oo |oc+| +o muno|+| ^ const|uio oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s sustcnt+vc|s
cx|gc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc cst|+tcg|+s |nst|tuc|on+|s uc |mc+m uc os |occssos ccono-
m|cos subsum+m os |occssos o||t|cos |nco|o|+noo + cono|io |um+n+ como o ||nc|+|
|cssuosto o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc c|scct|v+ uc const|tu| o ||nc|+| ocs+o o+s o||t|c+s oc
couc+io o+ c|cnc|+ c o+ tccno|og|+ no sccu|o .+
O |ug+| o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc no munoo sc +sscnt+ n+s o|vc|s+s comos|ocs oc su+s |o|m+s c
contcuoos com|om|ss+o+s com +s c|cn|o+ocs o+ cscc|c |um+n+ c oo |+nct+ cm |o|m+ oc
o||t|c+s ub||c+s |o| out|o |+oo o |ug+| oo munoo n+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc sc |cnoc +o co|+so
oos mooc|os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto s:aoaaa uc cx|gc +s |css|gn|c+ocs oos concc|tos oc ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto cconom|co c oc c|o+o+n|+ |sscs . |ug+|cs cncont|+m-sc +nco|+oos cm cst|utu|+s c
cm|ccno|mcntos movc|s c nio co|nc|ocntcs n+ m+|o||+ o+s vczcs com |o|tc occnocnc|+ oos
|occssos o||t|cos cconom|cos c|cnt|cos c o+ m|o|+ cm csc+|+ muno|+|
|st+ nov+ ccnt|+||o+oc o||t|c+ uc cx|gc + cmc|gcnc|+ o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc + +|t|| oos cm|c-
cno|mcntos |oc+||z+oos c s|tu+oos |mc|sos num+ nov+ mct||c+ tcmo|+| uc +|t|cu|c o tcmo
b|cvc o+s ncccss|o+oc soc|+|s com o tcmo |ongo o+s gc|+ocs c o+ |csc|v+io oo |+nct+
const|tu| um +||cc|cc |mo|t+ntc oo |occsso c|v|||z+to||o |oc novos com|om|ssos couc+io
c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ m|o|+ c comun|c+io c||t|c+ n+ o|g+n|z+io c no |unc|on+mcnto oo
munoo oo t|+b+||o c oo mc|c+oo |csc|v+ t+mbcm +o |st+oo n+c|on+| c soc|co+oc o|g+n|z+o+
um +c| c|+vc ncssc cm|ccno|mcnto gco-||sto||co
|+|c|||o oc ||c|t+s
s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O +|+o|gm+ o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc const|tu| um oos +gcntcs moto|cs ocssc u+o|o c|v|||z+to||o
uc |cssuoc um novo |co|ocn+mcnto o||t|co c cconom|co c uc |c+|m+ + |mo|tnc|+ gc-
oo||t|c+ o+ ^m+zon|+ cm mb|to n+c|on+| c muno|+|
2. Brasil-Amaznia e sustentabilidade uma breve
apresentao: quem somos ns?
^ +tu+| |ntcg|+io cconom|c+ muno|+| uc sc +sscnt+ num mooc|o consum|st+ c num +cc|c-
|+oo |occsso oc ||v+t|z+io |+nct+||+ +|t|cu|+o+ + um+ m+t||z |noust||+| c tccno|og|c+ b+sc-
+o+ no uso oc combust|vc|s |ossc|s cont||bu|u +|+ + |+|o+ oc|cc|+io cco|og|c+ muno|+|
onoo cm ||sco + c|cn|o+oc o+ |um+n|o+oc c ocscnc+oc+noo um+ s|nc|g|+ muno|+| c|+ |c-
sc|v+io oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s |nc|u|noo os so|os +s +gu+s c + +tmos|c|+ tc||cst|c Cont||bu|u
t+mbcm +|+ + c||+io oc nov+s m+t||zcs couc+c|on+|s com|om|ss+o+s com o |utu|o o+ |u-
m+n|o+oc c com o comb+tc ocs|gu+|o+oc soc|+| gc|+noo |m+ctos cst|utu|+ntcs n+s m+t||zcs
o|g+n|z+t|v+s oo con|cc|mcnto o|g+n|z+oo
^ |mo|tnc|+ o+ ^m+zon|+ +|+ o ||+s|| c +|+ o munoo const|tu| un+n|m|o+oc n+c|on+| c
|ntc|n+c|on+| ^m+zon|+ c + |cg|io su|-+mc||c+n+ com cono|ocs c||m+t|c+s c+|+ctc||z+o+s o|
+|t+s tcmc|+tu|+s um|o+oc c |cc||t+io |uv|omct||c+ c uc +b|+ngc +|tc oo ||+s|| |c|u
|u+oo| |o||v|+ Co|omb|+ Vcnczuc|+ u||n+mc Cu|+n+ c Cu|+n+ ||+nccs+ tot+||z+noo cc|c+ oc
m|||ocs oc |m
.
oos u+|s cc|c+ - m|||ocs oc |m
.
sc const|tucm oc o|cst+s ||m+||+s
|css+ |cg|io cncont|+-sc + m+|o| b|oo|vc|s|o+oc muno|+| +;, o+s |csc|v+s muno|+|s oc o|cst+s
|+t||o||+o+s +;, o+ +gu+ oocc suc|c|+| oo |+nct+ +|cm oc const|tu|| cnt|o+oc ||s|c+ |c|cv+ntc
n+s cst+b|||o+ocs mccn|c+ tc|moo|nm|c+ c u|m|c+ oos |occssos +tmos|c||cos cm csc+|+ g|o-
b+| ^ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ c |o|m+o+ c|os cst+oos oo ^m+zon+s ^c|c |+|+ ^m++ |o|+|m+
|onoon|+ oc+nt|ns +|tcs oos cst+oos oo |+|+n|io c |+to C|osso tot+||z+noo |m
.

; oo tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o c ; o+ ^mc||c+ oo u| uc co||csonoc + ; o+ suc|||c|c tc||cst|c
c + +;, o+s o|cst+s t|o|c+|s muno|+|s |csscs novc cst+oos |+b|t+m ouco m+|s oc ., m|||ocs
oc csso+s cm to|no oc ; o+ ou|+io muno|+| com m+|s oc ocsscs |+b|t+ntcs mo-
|+noo cm +|c+s u|b+n+s ocst+uc +os ovos |no|gcn+s uc tot+||z+m cc|c+ oc m|| cs-
so+s ou o+ ou|+io |no|gcn+ b|+s||c||+ ^ ^m+zon|+ t+mbcm +|cscnt+ um+ com|cx+
||o|og|+|+ com cc|c+ u||omct|os oc ||os n+vcg+vc|s oo otcnc|+| ||o|c|ct||co oo
||+s|| um+ ||ot+ oc m|| b+|cos oc mco|o c g|+noc o|tcs m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs oc v+|zc+s
|m oc ||ontc||+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s m+|s oc m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs oc |o|cst+s |otcg|o+s
cm un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io cst+ou+|s c |coc|+|s (o+oos oc ) uc ocscmcn|+m um +c|
|mo|t+ntc n+s cst+b|||o+ocs c||m+t|c+ c tc|moo|nm|c+ oo |+nct+ (||||^ b)
s,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
O ||+s|| c o ||mc||o +|s muno|+| cm o|vc|s|o+ocs oc |+nt+s c|xcs oc +gu+ oocc c m+m||c|os
o scgunoo cm +n||b|os c o tc|cc||o cm o|vc|s|o+oc oc |ctc|s û| sc cncont|+m ,, m|| cscc|cs
vcgct+|s ou oo tot+| con|cc|oo no |+nct+ | +|no+ o+s cscc|cs oc m+m||c|os oc
+n||b|os oc +ss+|os oc |ctc|s oc c|xcs - m|||ocs oc |nsctos +|cm oc m|-
||ocs oc cscc|cs oc m|c|o-o|g+n|smos + +m|+ m+|o||+ ocssc +t||mon|o n+c|on+| cncont|+-sc
|oc+||z+o+ n+ ^m+zon|+ (||||^ )
^ ^m+zon|+ c co|t+o+ c|o ||o ^m+zon+s uc o|cn+ m+|s oc m|||ocs oc |m
.
oc tc||+s c
tcm um+ v+zio +nu+| mco|+ oc +|ox|m+o+mcntc m|||ocs oc ||t|os o'+gu+ o| scgunoo
(m
,
;s) o uc ||c con|c|c + os|io oc m+|o| ||o cm vo|umc oc +gu+ o+ c||+ suc|+noo
o ||o Congo n+ ^|||c+ (o scgunoo ||o cm vo|umc oc +gu+) cm cc|c+ u+t|o vczcs c o ||o ||s-
s|ss|| cm cc|c+ oc ocz vczcs |+ coc+ o+s +gu+s b+|x+s o ^m+zon+s conouz +|+ o m+| cc|c+
m|||ocs oc ||t|os o'+gu+ o| scgunoo (m
,
;s) n+ coc+ o+s cnc|cntcs m+|s oc
m|||ocs oc ||t|os o| scgunoo (m
,
;s) (|O|| )
^ b+c|+ oo ^m+zon+s + b+c|+ oo Congo c + +|c+ cm to|no oc |o|nco |cg|ocs t||c+mcntc t|o|-
c+|s sio cxt|cm+mcntc |mo|t+ntcs c cc|cntcs n+ +bso|io oc cnc|g|+ so|+| c n+ |co|st||bu|io
|+nct+||+ ocstc c+|o| +t|+vcs o+ +tmos|c|+ (C||z|| e: a' ) |cst+uc +|t|c|+io o+
^m+zon|+ nos |occssos b+s|cos |m|csc|no|vc|s cst+b|||o+oc u|m|c+ o+ +tmos|c|+ tc||cst|c
Os cstuoos con|m+m su+ |mo|tnc|+ cm n|vc| |cg|on+| c |+nct+||o nos b+|+nos oc o|ox|oo
oc c+|bono (CO
.
) ||nc|+| g+s cstu|+ oc ox|oo n|t||co (|O) c oc o|ox|oo oc n|t|ogcn|o (|O
.
)
||nc|+|s +gcntcs |csons+vc|s c|o g|+u oc ox|o+io o+ +tmos|c|+ c oo ox|oo n|t|oso (|
.
O)
g+s +|ox|m+o+mcntc vczcs m+|s cstu|+ uc o CO
.
(|||||| e: a' )
|n|+sc soc|occonom|+ o+ |cg|io |noust||+ mct+|u|g|c+ c m|nc|+| no cst+oo oo |+|+ +o |o|o
|noust||+| oc |+n+us (|||) +o +g|obus|ncss no cst+oo oo |+to C|osso c +os +||+n,os |oout|vos
voc+c|on+oos nos ocm+|s cst+oos const|tucm +s ||nc|+|s +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s cm cu|so n+
^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ |stc u+o|o cncont|+-sc cm +cc|c|+oo |occsso oc cx+nsio c conso||o+io
O |o|o |noust||+| oc |+n+us (|||) com m+|s oc |noust||+s n+c|on+|s c t|+nsn+c|on+|s c oc
+b|+ngcnc|+ cm too+ ^m+zon|+ oc|ocnt+| const|tu| um+ m+t||z c|cnt|c+ c tccno|og|c+ o|vc|s|-
|c+o+ c so|st|c+o+ |stc o|o oc n+tu|cz+ nio o|ucntc gc|+ m+|s oc m|| cm|cgos o||ctos
c |no||ctos (o+oos oc ) c cncont|+-sc cm |cno |occsso oc cx+nsio ||s|c+ c cconom|c+ Os
||nc|+|s scto|cs cconom|cos oo ||| sio +s |noust||+s c|ct||co-c|ct|on|c+ |n|o|m+t|c+ +utomo-
to|+ (ou+s |oo+s) c b|otccno|og|+ (cosmct|cos b|o|+|m+cos c +||mcnt+io) com um+ +ut+ oc
cxo|t+io uc +t|ngc m+|s oc +|scs
^ ^m+zon|+ |moc v+||+s ucstocs +o munoo com cn|+sc +|+ const|uio oc um+ nov+ con-
ccio cstct|c+ o+ ^m+zon|+-|unoo scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| cm cono|io oc m+|o|
|+|c|||o oc ||c|t+s
so
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
b|b||otcc+ v|v+ oo |+nct+ su+ |c|cscnt+io soc|occonom|c+ cnu+nto |occssos cu|tu|+|s
cco|og|cos c s|mbo||cos muno|+|s su+ cono|io oc cs+o cst|+tcg|co +|+ o ||+s|| c +|+ o
munoo scu +c| oc |ontc oc |cc|c|+gcm c oc tc|most+to oo |+nct+ c o scu |unc|on+mcnto
||s|co como mcc+n|smo oc cst+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ oo |+nct+
|o c||ooo oc - o |st+oo b|+s||c||o cm su+s o|vc|s+s |nstnc|+s |coc|+t|v+s ,+ |nvcst|u
m+|s oc |, |, b|||ocs cm C| n+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ moo|c+noo |+o|c+|mcntc + su+ m+t||z
c|cnt|c+ c tccno|og|c+ |cst+uc +|+ o ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) uc |nvcst|u
cc|c+ oc | b|||io +|+ o govc|no oo cst+oo oo ^m+zon+s com |nvcst|mcntos oc |
b|||io +|+ + uc||ntcnocnc|+ oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ (uo+m) c +|+ o |+nco o+
^m+zon|+ (|^^) com +||c+ocs oc |, + b|||io +|+ + uc||ntcnocnc|+ o+ zon+ ||+nc+ oc
|+n+us (u||+m+) com |nvcst|mcntos oc | m|||ocs c +|+ os ocm+|s cst+oos o+ ^m+zo-
n|+ b|+s||c||+ com o|ocn+mcntos |n+ncc||os oc cc|c+ | m|||ocs tot+||z+noo cc|c+ oc |
b|||ocs |uo+|+m-sc +s c|scct|v+s cconom|c+s c o||t|c+s o+ |cg|io com + |c+||m+io
oc su+ |mo|tnc|+ cconom|c+ c o||t|c+ +|+ o ||+s|| c o munoo |ncont|+-sc cm cu|so um
|o|tc |occsso oc n+c|on+||z+io c |nst|tuc|on+||z+io oos |og|+m+s oc C| n+ |cg|io (|C
|C;^| ||^|;|^^ |||^|^ )
O +|c+ncc oos |ob|cm+s uc + ^m+zon|+ |moc +o ||+s|| c +o munoo cx|gc + |ccst|utu|+io
c o |cos|c|on+mcnto oc su+ o||om+c|+ ^s vozcs +s |ntc||ocuocs os |occssos os s|stcm+s c
+s cst|utu|+s cconom|c+s o+s ||nc|+|s n+ocs muno|+|s cm o||cio sustcnt+b|||o+oc cx|gcm
mc||o| u+||c+io c |cscn+ o+ o||om+c|+ b|+s||c||+ n+ ^m+zon|+ cons|oc|+noo uc cst+ |c-
g|io cncont|+-sc ocn|t|v+mcntc |uno|o+ +o ocst|no c +o |utu|o o+ |um+n|o+oc ^ c|csccntc
|cscn+ |ntc|n+c|on+| n+ |cg|io |c+|m+ css+ nov+ cono|io o+ o||om+c|+ b|+s||c||+
3. Amaznia, desenvolvimento sustentvel e CT&I com
incluso social prioridades e compromissos
^s +v+||+ocs sob|c +s o||t|c+s oc C| n+ ^m+zon|+ const+t+m u+t|o g|+nocs ||o||o+ocs + s+bc|
||omoio o+ |nov+io tccno|og|c+ n+s cm|cs+s c n+s c+oc|+s |oout|v+s
|csu|s+ |nov+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto cm +|c+s cst|+tcg|c+s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
sustcnt+vc|
|ntc||o||z+io o+s cst|utu|+s oc C| |ntcg|+o+ +os mooc|os |cg|on+|s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|x+nsio conso||o+io c nov+s |o|m+s oc n+nc|+mcnto oos s|stcm+s cst+ou+|s oc C|
s)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
^ |nco|o|+io o+ ^m+zon|+ +o |o,cto n+c|on+| oc |o|m+ |ntcg|+o+ su+ m+t||z |oout|v+
c su+ com|cx|o+oc cu|tu|+| c cco|og|c+ cx|gc cm|ccno|mcntos |nov+oo|cs oc C| +||-
cc|+oos cm |o,ctos |og|+m+s c o||t|c+s uc g+|+nt+m su+ |um+n|z+io c su+ |ntcg|+io
|cg|on+| c n+c|on+| o| mc|o o+ |nst|tuc|on+||z+io oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s uc oss|b|||tcm
|nc|usio soc|+| gc|+io oc |cno+ c cm|cg+b|||o+oc +|t|c|+io c +ccsso o+s ou|+ocs
|cg|on+|s +os bcnc||c|os oc uso oo con|cc|mcnto t|+o|c|on+| oo +t||mon|o gcnct|co c oos
sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s + cx|o|+io oc su+s ||ucz+s cm bcnc||c|o oo ovo b|+s||c||o c s|mu|t+-
nc+mcntc su+ |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+|
^ const|uio oc um+ o||t|c+ oc |st+oo oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ uc t+mbcm +b+|uc csscs
|cssuostos cx|gc moo|c+ocs cst|utu|+ntcs nos |occssos oc o|g+n|z+io c oc gcstio o+
+tu+| o||t|c+ oc C| + +|t|| oc u+t|o novos c|xos moto|cs +) ^m+zon|+ cnu+nto ucstio
n+c|on+| mob|||z+io c conscnso o||t|co +|+ su+ |um+n|z+io c |ntcg|+io |cg|on+| c n+c|on+|
.) ucm c como n+nc|+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|occonom|co o+ ^m+zon|+ oc |o|m+ sustcnt+-
vc| c + ncccss+||+ |ntc||o||z+io oos o|gios oc |omcnto +os |og|+m+s cst|utu|+ntcs oc couc+-
io c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ ,) o||t|c+ oc C| |nov+oo|+ c cm|ccnocoo|+ |ntcg|+o+ s m+t||zcs
|noust||+|s nio o|ucntcs c |) o||t|c+ oc C| cons|stcntc |ntcg|+o+ c voc+c|on+o+ cm +|c+s
cst|+tcg|c+s c o|||g|o+ const|uio oc um mc|c+oo n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+| sustcnt+vc|
|+|+ conso||o+| +s cst|utu|+s mccn|c+s c + b+sc m+tc||+| uc sc|io +sscnt+o+s ncsscs u+t|o
c|xos |ooc-sc (|||Ô||O |O ||CO||O ||C|O|^| || C| |O ^|^zO|^ )
|m|+nt+| s|stcm+s oc |nov+io cm |occssos oc gcstio c |ooutos o|||g|oos +os |nc|c-
mcntos oc comct|t|v|o+oc s m+t||zcs |oout|v+s c |noust||+|s ocsccnt|+||z+| +s +gcnc|+s
|coc|+|s oc |+nc,+mcnto c cxccuio oc o||t|c+s oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ couc+io c oc |o-
mcnto +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co oo ||+s|| t+|s como Consc||o |+c|on+| oc |cscn-
vo|v|mcnto C|cnt|co c ccno|og|co (C||) ||n+nc|+oo|+ oc |stuoos c |csu|s+s (||nc)
Coo|ocn+io oc ^c||c|o+mcnto oc |csso+| oc ||vc| uc||o| (C+cs) |nst|tuto ||+s||c||o
oo |c|o ^mb|cntc c oos |ccu|sos |+tu|+|s |cnov+vc|s (|b+m+) |+nco |+c|on+| oc |cscn-
vo|v|mcnto |conom|co c oc|+| (|||) |nst+|+| |c|cscnt+ocs oo C|| o+ C+cs c oo
||| n+ |cg|io +|+ +tcnoc| su+s ocm+no+s c os |omcntos oc novos |og|+m+s oc |||
|st|utu|+| |+t+|o|m+s tccno|og|c+s uc sc ocsoob|cm num mc|c+oo oc b+|xo c+|bono
const|u|| um+ o||t|c+ ub||c+ oos sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s c |m|+nt+| mcc+n|smos uc |n-
tcg|cm os ccnt|os cst+ou+|s oc muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s com os |og|+m+s c os b+ncos oc
o+oos ccnt|+oos no uso c n+ ocu+io oo so|o com os |og|+m+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
||mo c com +s |cocs c|cnt|c+s c tccno|og|c+s
|ccst|utu|+| os |og|+m+s n+c|on+|s oc C| +ocu+noo-os so|uio oos |ob|cm+s
com|cxos oos t|o|cos um|oos t+|s como +) mooc|n|z+| + cngcn|+||+ n+v+| c const|u||
|+|c|||o oc ||c|t+s
ss
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
mcc+n|smos oc scgu|+n+ oc t|+nso|tc n+ |cg|io b) c||+| |nst|tutos oc tccno|og|+s +|+
os t|o|cos um|oos com |oco no +|ovc|t+mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+s v+|zc+s cngcn|+||+ +m-
b|cnt+| +||+n,os c c+oc|+s |oout|v+s voc+c|on+o+s ||o||z+noo b|o|noust||+ +g|occo|og|+
||ut|cu|tu|+ |sc|cu|tu|+ ct|ou|m|c+ ccotu||smo ocs|gnc| ,o|+s () c novos m+tc||+|s c)
ocscnvo|vc| tccno|og|+s soc|+|s uc |ntcg|cm +s ou|+ocs |so|+o+s o+ ^m+zon|+ s |cocs
o|g|t+|s oc comun|c+io c |n|o|m+io o) conso||o+| + b|o|noust||+ n+ |cg|io o| mc|o oc
um+ |coc oc .'as:es b|otccno|og|cos com o||c|cntcs g|+us oc com|cx|o+oc o|||g|oos
|m|+nt+io oc b|o|+b||c+s c) ocscnvo|vc| |og|+m+s +|+ |+b|t+io ou|+| +o+t+o+ +os
t|o|cos |) |m|+nt+| s|stcm+s oc |nov+io c cm|ccnocoo||smo o| mc|o oc |+bo|+to||os
conso|c|+oos |ntcg|+oos cm +|c+s cst|+tcg|c+s n+notccno|og|+ u|m|c+ n+ b|o|og|+ mo-
|ccu|+| |nst|umcnt+io c|cnt|c+ scns|vc| cnc|g|+ ||ngu|st|c+ c +|uco|og|+ ot|c+ c|ct|on|-
c+ ccos|o|og|+ oocn+s t|o|c+|s ccotu||smo c oae:o c +||mcnt+io
C||+| cst|utu|+s c|cnt|c+s c tccno|og|c+s o|||g|o+s +o |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+s o||t|c+s ub||-
c+s c oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co oos mun|c||os o+ ^m+zon|+ |st+ +io ooc-sc
conc|ct|z+| o| mc|o oc ccnt|os un|vc|s|t+||os cst+ou+|s cm o|os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
c;ou oc ccnt|os oc voc+io tccno|og|c+ oc uso co|ct|vo +ccss|vc|s s comun|o+ocs no
||m|tc oc um o| mun|c||o contcnoo cs+os +|+ b|b||otcc+ |m+cotcc+ |+bo|+to||os
oc c|cnc|+ +|+ cxc||mcntos o|o+t|cos oc|n+s voc+c|on+o+s cxos|ocs c|cnt|c+s c
+|t|st|c+s nuc|cos oc |nov+io tccno|og|c+ c cs+os +|+ |ncub+gcm oc cucn+s c mc-
o|+s cm|cs+s +t|v|o+ocs cu|tu|+|s c +ocs oc |nov+io c cm|ccnocoo||smo +|t|cu|+o+s
com os scto|cs c +||+n,os |oout|vos mun|c|+|s c |cg|on+|s |stcs ccnt|os |unc|on+|io
cm |cocs |ntcg|+noo c |nco|o|+noo C| s o||t|c+s ub||c+s mun|c|+|s |||o||z+| +s
|cg|ocs cm ||ontc||+s c c||+| |unoos cst+ou+|s c |coc|+|s com cstc ob,ct|vo
|m|+nt+| c ou|+||z+| o uso o+s cst|utu|+s |+bo|+to||+|s oc cns|no oc c|cnc|+s c m+tc-
m+t|c+ c c||+| um |og|+m+ oc o||usio c|cnt|c+ oc |o|m+ |ntcg|+o+ c com +|c+ncc co|to-
||+| cm mb|to |cg|on+| c muno|+| ^ ||mc||+ +io ocstc to|co ooc sc| n+nc|+o+ o|
um |unoo n+c|on+| cscc|co oocnoo sc| |m|+nt+o+ nos ccnt|os oc voc+io tccno|o-
g|c+ +ntc||o|mcntc |oostos
O|g+n|z+| mcc+n|smos |nst|tuc|on+|s |+c|||t+oo|cs c so||o+||os +m||+noo o g|+u oc co-
ncct|v|o+oc c |ntcg|+io cnt|c +s |nst|tu|ocs c|cnt|c+s c tccno|og|c+s |m|+nt+| m+|s
muscus oc c|cnc|+s c ccnt|os cu|tu|+|s c um+ |+t+|o|m+ oc |n|o|m+io c comun|c+io
||o||z+noo + |ntcg|+io oc b+ncos oc o+oos |no|c+oo|cs tccn|co-c|cnt|cos c oc mcto-
oo|og|+s oc +v+||+io oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s n+ |cg|io
|nst+|+| os consc||os cst+ou+|s oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ com mcc+n|smos uc oss|b|||tcm
m+|o| cont|o|c soc|+| no |occsso oc occ|socs |c|+t|v+s +o uso o+ c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ cm
+|t|cu|+| nos c+sos cm uc cx|st+ um |m+cto otcnc|+| g|+noc n+ u+||o+oc oc v|o+
o+s ou|+ocs +m+zon|c+s
s,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
|cscnvo|vc| cst|utu|+s uc +|t|cu|cm c |ntcg|cm +s |nst|tu|ocs c|cnt|c+s +s un|vc|s|o+-
ocs os ccnt|os c muscus oc c|cnc|+ c +s csco|+s num g|+noc cs|o|o n+c|on+| c|+ mc-
||o||+ o+ u+||o+oc oo cns|no (|o|m+| c |n|o|m+|) c o+ couc+io o||c|cnc|+o+ |st+s +ocs
oc C| oocm sc| |ntcg|+o+s +os |occssos oc couc+io |o|m+| o| mc|o oc +|cc||+s
com +s scc|ct+||+s oc couc+io mun|c|+|s c cst+ou+|s
|nst|tuc|on+||z+| |og|+m+s oc os-g|+ou+io cst+ou+|s +||o,+oos +|+ +cc|c|+| + |o|m+-
io oouto|+| |ntcg|+o+ c cst|+tcg|c+ +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| c n+c|on+| com co|+-
bo|+ocs oc out|+s |nst|tu|ocs b|+s||c||+s c |ntc|n+c|on+|s com cn|+sc +os |og|+m+s
tccno|og|cos |stc cm|ccno|mcnto ocvc sc| um+ +io oo |st+oo n+c|on+| conso|c|+o+
cnt|c o ||nstc||o o+ |ouc+io c + C+cs c os govc|nos cst+ou+|s o| mc|o oc scus s|s-
tcm+s oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ oos |nst|tutos c o+s un|vc|s|o+ocs sco|+o+s nos cst+oos
^ssoc|+| + +io +ntc||o| com + o|g+n|z+io oc |og|+m+s cscc|cos +|+ x+| |ccu|sos
|um+nos cscc|+||z+oos (mcst|cs c oouto|cs) nos mun|c||os |ntc||o|+nos c o ocscnvo|-
v|mcnto oc um |+no oc mooc|n|z+io c|cnt|c+ c tccno|og|c+ oos sc|v|os c o+s cst|u-
tu|+s ub||c+s n+ |cg|io
|nst|tuc|on+||z+| cst|utu|+s c|cnt|c+s c tccno|og|c+s nos mun|c||os +m+zon|cos g+|+nt|n-
oo o com|om|sso o||t|co |oc+| c + +m||+io oos o|+mcntos oc C| oc |o|m+ c|cnc
O|g+n|z+| cst|+tcg|+s c |occssos uc cst|mu|cm + c||+io oc |og|+m+s oc os-g|+ou+-
io c o |cg|st|o oos g|uos oc csu|s+ o+s |nst|tu|ocs ||v+o+s no s|stcm+ n+c|on+| oc
csu|s+ c os-g|+ou+io
|m|+nt+| mcc+n|smos oc C| uc +|t|cu|cm +s ocm+no+s o+s m+t||zcs |noust||+|s n+-
c|on+|s com +s b+scs c|cnt|c+s c tccno|og|c+s |cg|on+|s cm cscc|+| com os o|os |n-
oust||+|s cst+ou+|s o+ ^m+zon|+ C||+| um |unoo n+ncc||o +|+ |m|+nt+| ccnt|os oc oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co com |oco cm cngcn|+||+s oc |oouto c |oouio n+ |cg|io
|+|+ + |oouio oc mco|c+mcntos c v+c|n+s ||o||z+| + |nst+|+io oc ccnt|os oc csu|s+
c||n|c+ c + c||+io oc ccnt|os oc |oouio oc substnc|+s u|m|c+s o|gn|c+s O|g+n|z+|
um |unoo n+c|on+| +|+ mun|c|+||z+| + |m|+nt+io ocsscs ccnt|os con|o|mc +s voc+-
ocs c +s ocm+no+s |cg|on+|s cm cscc|+| +s ocm+no+s cmc|gcntcs o+ +|c+ oc s+uoc
|||o||z+| + |m|+nt+io oc cm|ccno|mcntos b|otccno|og|cos o| mc|o oc |nccnt|vos
cscc|cos |csonc|+| os t||butos cst+ou+|s c |coc|+|s +|+ too+ + c+oc|+ oc um |oou-
to b|otccno|og|co c |m|+nt+| ||n|+s oc c|co|tos cscc|cos +|+ cstc scto| cconom|co
O|g+n|z+| |+t+|o|m+s oc |otcio oc con|cc|mcntos |nov+ocs c |+t|c+s oos ovos |n-
o|gcn+s c oc out|+s comun|o+ocs |oc+|s c mcc+n|smos uc g+|+nt+m + |c+|t|io ,ust+ c
cun|mc cnt|c c|cs oos bcnc||c|os occo||cntcs oo uso oos con|cc|mcntos t|+o|c|on+|s
+ssoc|+oos b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +m+zon|c+
|+|c|||o oc ||c|t+s
,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
C||+| ccnt|os oc o|+gnost|co c cont|o|c oc ocsm+t+mcnto c uso o+ tc||+ nos cst+oos
^m+zon|cos c |ntcg|+-|os o||t|c+ ub||c+ cm sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s o+ |cg|io |omcnt+| +
c||+io oc |cocs oc |nc|usio nos mun|c||os |o|t+|cccnoo os cm|ccno|mcntos c +s +|-
t|c|+ocs comun|t+||+s c +ssoc|+t|v+s
|cscnvo|vc| |og|+m+s uc |o|t+|c+m o cns|no tccn|co |oss|on+||z+ntc c un|vc|s|t+||o
+|t|cu|+noo-os c voc+c|on+noo-os com cm|ccno|mcntos o|||g|oos +os mooc|os oc ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto cconom|co +m+zon|cos |o|t+|ccc| c +m||+| +s csco|+s tccn|c+s |ntcg|+noo os
cu|sos tccn|cos c |oss|on+||z+ntcs s o||t|c+s ub||c+s mun|c|+|s c cst+ou+|s o+ |cg|io
|m|+nt+| |og|+m+ cst|utu|+ntc uc +cc|c|c + |ntcg|+io o+ ^m+zon|+ +o s|stcm+ n+-
c|on+| oc |oouio o|st||bu|io c uso oc c|ct||c|o+oc |st+ |oost+ t+mbcm |ntc|||g+|+
+ ^m+zon|+ cm cscc|+| o cst+oo oo ^m+zon+s +o |og|+m+ n+c|on+| oc |nc|usio o|g|t+|
o| mc|o oc b|+ ot|c+
O|g+n|z+| um |og|+m+ oc b|ocombust|vc| +|+ ^m+zon|+ cm o|vc|s+s csc+|+s oc |o-
ouio o+ |+m|||+| csc+|+ oc mc|c+oo cst+ +io |ct||+|+ o+ cscu||oio m+|s oc ., m|| co-
mun|o+ocs |u|+|s ocst+ |cg|io
|m|+nt+| um |og|+m+ +|+ ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |ontcs oc cnc|g|+s +|tc|n+t|v+s ccnt|+-
oo no +|ovc|t+mcnto oc b|om+ss+ cnc|g|+ so|+| cnc|g|+ co||c+ c n+ ||o|oo|nm|c+ +|+
^m+zon|+ con|o|mc su+s otcnc|+||o+ocs gcog|+c+s c soc|occonom|c+s |nouz|| |o-
g|+m+s tccno|og|cos +|+ +tcnoc| cst+s ocm+no+s c +|t|cu|+| + su+ oc|+c|on+||z+io oc
|o|m+ |ntcg|+o+ com os ||n|stc||os o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ ||n+s c |nc|g|+ c |noust||+
c Comc|c|o |nst|tu|ocs |cg|on+|s c scc|ct+||+s cst+ou+|s oc C|
^m||+| + |+t+|o|m+ oc |nc|usio o|g|t+| + tooos os mun|c||os +m+zon|cos |nco|o|+n-
oo novos contcuoos c tccno|og|+s oc convc|gcnc|+ + css+s |cocs c|ct|on|c+s |||o||z+| os
s|stcm+s oc b+no+s |+|g+s o| mc|o oc conso|c|os cnt|c o ||n|stc||o oc Comun|c+io os
govc|nos cst+ou+|s c + |n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+
C||+| um+ |+t+|o|m+ tccno|og|c+ +|+ o uso c |csc|v+io o+ +gu+ cm tooos os ccnt|os
u|b+nos c |u|+|s o+ ^m+zon|+ |m|+nt+| um+ |+t+|o|m+ oc |ntcg|+io o+ b+c|+ ||o||c+
+m+zon|c+ com + +n-+m+zon|c+ c com + b|+s||c||+ c |m|+nt+| |+t+|o|m+s +|+ t|+t+-
mcnto oc |cs|ouos so||oos c +|+ + c+t+io t|+t+mcnto c o|st||bu|io oc +gu+ ot+vc|
cm tooos os mun|c||os o+ |cg|io
O|g+n|z+| um |og|+m+ +|+ o +|ovc|t+mcnto soc|occonom|co o+s v+|zc+s o+ ^m+zo-
n|+ cm b+scs comun|t+||+s c cm +|cc||+s com os mun|c||os
|m|+nt+| um |og|+m+ +|+ |cv|t+||z+| o s|stcm+ +c|oo|tu+||o +m+zon|co ocv|oo su+
|mo|tnc|+ no |occsso oc |ntcg|+io |cg|on+| n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+| o+ |cg|io C+-
,+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
|+nt|| +s cono|ocs oc|+c|on+|s +|+ + |ntc|||g+io moo+| c |ooo+c|ouv|+| o+ ^m+zon|+
com o ||+s|| c com o |+c|co
|m|+nt+| um+ o||t|c+ oc scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| +|+ + ^m+zon|+ u+noo oss|vc| |ntc-
g|+noo + +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| +os ocm+|s |og|+m+s |nst|tuc|on+|s c||+| mcc+n|smos oc
+ccsso s|stcm+t|co oc |nov+ocs tccno|og|c+s +os cucnos c mco|os |oouto|cs
|m|+nt+| um |og|+m+ oc cx|o|+io comc|c|+||z+io o+s m|n+s c ,+z|o+s +m+zon|c+s
oc |o|m+ mooc|n+ c sustcnt+vc| |||o||z+| + cxtcnsio c |cgu|+||z+io o+ |cg|s|+io +tu+|
cx|o|+io m|nc|+| cm tc||+s |no|gcn+s con|o|mc + cxcct+t|v+ c o |ntc|cssc ocstcs ovos
C||+| mcc+n|smos uc g+|+nt+m m+|o| cst+b|||o+oc |nst|tuc|on+| c ,u||o|c+ u||+m+
^g|||z+| os |occssos tccn|cos c +om|n|st|+t|vos oc +n+||sc c +|ov+io oos |occssos oos
|ooutos b+s|cos ocm+no+oos oos o|os |noust||+|s oos cst+oos +m+zon|cos
^c||c|o+| c +m||+| o |og|+m+ +c|ocs+c|+| +|+ o mon|to|+mcnto soc|o+mb|cnt+| o+
^m+zon|+ oc |o|m+ com+|t|||+o+ com out|+s |cg|ocs c +|scs +m+zon|cos otcnc|+||-
z+| + |m|+nt+io o+ |noust||+ +c|ocs+c|+| n+ |cg|io
|csccnt|+||z+| |mco|+t+mcntc +s |c|cscnt+ocs |nst|tuc|on+|s oo ||n|stc||o o+s |c|+-
ocs |xtc||o|cs ^ c|csccntc |ntc|n+c|on+||z+io oos |o,ctos c |og|+m+s oc C| n+
^m+zon|+ cx|gc m+|o| |cscn+ o||om+t|c+ oo |st+oo n+c|on+| n+ |cg|io |m|+nt+| um
|og|+m+ c mcc+n|smos oc co|+bo|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| com os +|scs uc comocm +
^m+zon|+ +n-+mc||c+n+ ||o||z+noo +s +ocs |ntcg|+oo|+s oc C|
^m||+| c +c||c|o+| os |og|+m+s couc+c|on+|s g+|+nt|noo o +ccsso c + un|vc|s+||-
z+io o+ couc+io b+s|c+ n+ |cg|io +tc ||o||z+noo +s |+t+|o|m+s oc cns|no +
o|stnc|+ (mco|+oo)
|nst|tu|| |og|+m+s couc+c|on+|s oc |o|m+io b+s|c+ c c|cnt||c+ +|+ os m+|s oc o-
vos |no|gcn+s o+ ^m+zon|+ |m|+nt+| + un|vc|s|o+oc |no|gcn+
|m|+nt+| um+ o||t|c+ |uno|+||+ n+ ^m+zon|+ uc contcm|c ||nc|+|mcntc os |ntc-
|csscs oos ovos n+t|vos oos cucnos |o||ct+||os c oos |oouto|cs o+ |cg|io num+
c|scct|v+ sustcnt+vc| |||o||z+| os |og|+m+s oc |cv|t+||z+io o+ mcmo||+ ||sto||c+ oc
zonc+mcnto soc|occonom|co c os o|ocn+mcntos tc|||to||+|s os cstuoos ocmog|+cos
m|g|+to||os ctnog|+cos c ctno|og|cos c n+|mcntc
u+noo c|t|ncntc o|g+n|z+| cst|utu|+s |nst|tuc|on+|s uc |ntcg|cm os |o,ctos c |o-
g|+m+s oc csu|s+ |nov+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto s o||t|c+s ub||c+s oc oc|cs+ c|v|| oos
cst+oos +m+zon|cos
^ m+|o||+ ocsscs cm|ccno|mcntos ooc sc| conc|ct|z+o+ o| mc|o oc +|cc||+s cnt|c os ooc-
|cs mun|c|+|s cst+ou+|s c |coc|+| c + |n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+ |c |o|m+ +m|+ +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s soc|o-
|+|c|||o oc ||c|t+s
,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
cco|og|c+s c cconom|c+s o+ ^m+zon|+ cx|gcm |og|+m+s c so|uocs c|cnt|c+s c tccno|og|c+s
o||c|cnc|+o+s +|no+ uc v+||os |og|+m+s cst|utu|+ntcs +|cscnt+oos ncstc oocumcnto oss+m
sc| ut|||z+oos no |occsso oc const|uio oc mooc|os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| +|+ tooo
o ||+s|| num+ c|scct|v+ s|tu+o+ c |oc+||z+o+
^ sustcnt+b|||o+oc cnu+nto |occsso oc |c+|m+io o+ cono|io |um+n+ |cssuoc +t||butos
|occssu+|s co|c+ntcs o+ os-mooc|n|o+oc t+|s como + |ntc|cu|tu|+||o+oc + |no|ssoc|+b|||o+oc o+
cu|tu|+ com + n+tu|cz+ o cont|o|c soc|+| sob|c os |occssos v|t+|s oc uso |oouio c |c|oouio
o+ v|o+ + couc+io + c|cnc|+ + tccno|og|+ c + |nov+io como c|xo moto| oos mooc|os ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto soc|+| c cconom|co +ss|m como +s o||t|c+s ub||c+s sustcnt+vc|s +ccss|vc|s + tooos
ustcnt+b|||o+oc c scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| couc+io +|tcs ucstio oc gcnc|o cnc|g|+s +|tc|n+t|-
v+s |+b|t+io s+uoc c s+nc+mcnto tccno|og|+s soc|+|s |c|+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s uso c ocu+io
oo so|o |co|ocn+mcnto soc|occonom|co |u|+| c u|b+no tccno|og|+s oc |n|o|m+io c comu-
n|c+io b|o|noust||+ tccno|og|+s oc |utu|+ c|bc|nct|c+ n+notccno|og|+ |oton|c+ |obot|c+
+c|ocs+c|+| +||+n,os |oout|vos c |cocs c |+t+|o|m+s tccno|og|c+s couc+c|on+|s c oc mon|to-
|+mcnto c gcstio +mb|cnt+| +||+n,os c tccno|og|+s +|o||+o+s sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s muo+n+s
c||m+t|c+s sustcnt+b|||o+oc c cu|tu|+ sio o|mcnsocs |m|csc|no|vc|s +|+ + conso||o+io o+s
o||t|c+s ub||c+s sustcnt+vc|s ncst+ c|+ cco|og|c+ o+ csc+|+ |oc+| muno|+| num+ c|scct|v+
c|o+oi c so||o+||+ (^|||| e: a' - |O||C e: a' -)
|st+ +gcno+ cm C| const|tu| + b+sc oc novos |og|+m+s vo|t+oos const|uio oc um ||+s||
sustcnt+vc|
4. Carta de compromissos prioritrios da poltica de Estado de
CT&I por uma Amaznia sustentvel
^ |mo|tnc|+ o+ ^m+zon|+ +|+ o ||+s|| const|tu| un+n|m|o+oc n+c|on+| |css+ |cg|io cncon-
t|+-sc um+ o+s m+|o|cs b|oo|vc|s|o+ocs muno|+|s +;, o+s |csc|v+s muno|+|s oc o|cst+s t|o|-
c+|s +;, o+ +gu+ oocc suc|c|+| oo |+nct+ convc|g|noo +|+ o m+|o| c m+|s vo|umoso ||o oo
munoo +|cm oc sc const|tu|| cm cnt|o+oc ||s|c+ |c|cv+ntc n+s cst+b|||o+ocs tc|moo|nm|c+ c c||-
m+t|c+ oos |occssos +tmos|c||cos cm csc+|+ |+nct+||+ ^ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ c |o|m+o+ c|os
cst+oos oo ^m+zon+s ^c|c |+|+ ^m++ |o|+|m+ |onoon|+ oc+nt|ns +|tcs oos cst+oos oo
|+|+n|io c |+to C|osso tot+||z+noo |m
.

,;, oo tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o c .;, o+ ^mc||-
c+ oo u| uc co||csonoc + ; o+ suc|||c|c tc||cst|c ; o+s |o|cst+s t|o|c+|s muno|+|s c
+;, o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc cm tc||+ so||o+ oo |+nct+ |csscs novc cst+oos |+b|t+m .| m|||ocs oc
csso+s ; o+ ou|+io muno|+| com m+|s oc ocsscs |+b|t+ntcs mo|+noo cm +|c+s
,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
u|b+n+s ocnt|c os u+|s ovos |no|gcn+s uc tot+||z+m m|| csso+s ou o+ ou-
|+io |no|gcn+ b|+s||c||+ ^ ^m+zon|+ t+mbcm +|cscnt+ um+ com|cx+ ||o|og|++ com m+|s
oc u||omct|os oc ||os n+vcg+vc|s oo otcnc|+| ||o|c|ct||co oo ||+s|| m|||ocs oc
|cct+|cs oc v+|zc+s g|+noc otcnc|+| m+oc||c||o c |ontc oc b|om+ss+ |m oc ||ontc||+s
|ntc|n+c|on+|s c ||c+s |csc|v+s m|nc|+|s
^ |nst|tuc|on+||z+io oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s n+ ^m+zon|+ cm cscc|+| oc um+ o||t|c+ oc |st+oo
oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io cx|gc + |m|+nt+io oc mooc|os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcn-
t+vc|s |ntcg|+oos s su+s com|cx|o+ocs cu|tu|+|s cco|og|c+s c soc|occonom|c+s c com|omc-
t|oos com su+ |ntcg|+io |cg|on+| c n+c|on+| c com + |m|+nt+io oc cst|utu|+s c tccno|og|+s
soc|+|s +ccss|vc|s + tooos gc|+noo |cno+ v+|o||z+io soc|+| c c|o+o+n|+ +|+ +s su+s ou|+ocs
c |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+| n+ |cg|io
|o| css+s |+zocs |c|v|no|c+mos os scgu|ntcs com|om|ssos |coc|+t|vos c |cub||c+nos o+ o||t|c+
oc |st+oo oc C| com +s o||t|c+s ub||c+s o+ ^m+zon|+
+ |ob|||z+| + soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ +|+ |c+|m+| + |mo|tnc|+ o+ c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+
como |occsso oc |um+n|z+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|occonom|co o+ ^m+zon|+ c
oo ||+s||
. |nvcst|| |, + t||||io n+ o||t|c+ oc C| o||cc|on+o+ |ntcg|+io |cg|on+| c n+c|on+| o+
^m+zon|+ +o |o,cto n+c|on+| ou|+ntc -
, C+|+nt|| + sobc|+n|+ c |nst|tuc|on+||z+| + |cscn+ oo |st+oo n+c|on+| n+ |cg|io com
|ntcg|+io ocsccnt|+||z+io c |ntc||o||z+io o+s +gcnc|+s cst+ou+|s c |coc|+|s oc |+-
nc,+mcnto c cxccuio oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s c oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|occonom|co o+
^m+zon|+ c o |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+ cooc|+io cnt|c o ||+s|| c os +|scs +m+zon|cos o|
mc|o oc cm|ccno|mcntos oc C|
| |||o||z+| |nvcst|mcntos cm C| +|t|cu|+oos s o||t|c+s ub||c+s oc couc+io s+uoc
t|+nso|tc +b+stcc|mcnto c scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| |ntcg|+o+ +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| |+b|t+-
io |nc|usio o|g|t+| c +os mcc+n|smos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto ||mo n+ ^m+zon|+
, ^cc|c|+| o |occsso oc |ntcg|+io oos cst+oos +m+zon|cos +o s|stcm+ n+c|on+| oc |o-
ouio o|st||bu|io c uso oc c|ct||c|o+oc c +o uso sustcnt+vc| oc |ontcs +|tc|n+t|v+s oc
cnc|g|+ c c||+| tccno|og|+s soc|+|s uc +sscgu|cm o +ccsso o+s ou|+ocs |ntc||o|+n+s
s |cocs o|g|t+|s oc comun|c+io c |n|o|m+io |cg|on+|s n+c|on+|s c muno|+|s
|m|+nt+| ccnt|os oc o|+gnost|co c cont|o|c oc ocsm+t+mcnto ||cg+| c uso o+ tc||+ c
um+ o||t|c+ ub||c+ cm sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s |ntcg|+o+ ^m+zon|+ com + |ccuc|+io
|+|c|||o oc ||c|t+s
,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
oc +|c+s ocg|+o+o+s consc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos c + m|t|g+io
o+s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
|m|cmcnt+| o zonc+mcnto |co|og|co-|conom|co c c||+| mcc+n|smos cst|utu|+ntcs
uc +m||cm c |nco|o|cm m+|s comct|t|v|o+oc s m+t||zcs |noust||+|s c s m+t||zcs
|oout|v+s o+ |cg|io
^sscgu|+| + |o|m+io c|cnt|c+ c os o||c|tos const|tuc|on+|s +os ovos |no|gcn+s c s
comun|o+ocs t|+o|c|on+|s c |omovc| + cu|o+oc soc|+| cons|oc|+noo gcnc|o gc|+io
|++ c|+ssc soc|+| c ctn|+
|m|+nt+| |+t+|o|m+ tccno|og|c+ +|+ o uso c |csc|v+io o+ +gu+ cm tooos os ccnt|os
u|b+nos c |u|+|s o+ ^m+zon|+ ||o||z+noo mcc+n|smos oc |ntcg|+io o+ b+c|+ ||o||c+
+n-+m+zon|c+ |cv|t+||z+| o s|stcm+ +c|oo|tu+||o o+ ^m+zon|+ ||o||z+noo su+ |ntc-
g|+io mun|c|+| |cg|on+| c n+c|on+| c su+ |ntc|||g+io moo+| c |ooo+c|ouv|+| c
|nst|tuc|on+||z+| |og|+m+ n+c|on+| oc o||usio c ou|+||z+io o+ C| ccnt|+oo n+
^m+zon|+
|stcs |cssuostos const|tucm + b+sc oc novos |o,ctos c |og|+m+s oc C| +|+ + const|uio
oc um+ ^m+zon|+ sustcnt+vc| con|o|mc com|ccnsio oo |stcm+ oc C|cnc|+ oc ccno|og|+ oo
^m+zon+s
,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
Referncias
^|||| ^ C||O|||| V C|||||| | ||OC|| C |||^| | () |nv||onncmcmt ct ocvc|oc-
mcnt uc|ucs |ccx|ons +utou| ou concct oc ocvc|ocmcnt ou|+b|c |n |cvc|ocmcnt
ou|+b|c ooct||ncs |+t|ucs cv+|u+t|ons - Co|ctnc+ o|g+n|z+o+ o| |c+n-vcs |+|t|n |||
|o|t|ons |+||s
|O||C | () |cs |onocmcnts ou ocvc|ocmcnt ou|+b|c |+ ||m|tc ct |cs |ns |n |cs nouvc+ux uto-
|stcs ou ocvc|ocmcnt ou|+b|c - Co|ctnc+ o|g+n|z+o+ o| ^nnc-|+||c |uc|oux
|o|t|ons ût|cmcnt-Co||cct|on |ut+t|ons ||+ncc
C||z|| | | ^|| ^||||^| | O () ||om+ss |u|n|ng |n t|c |o|cs |m+ct on ^tmos|c||c
C|cm|st|y +no ||ogcoc|cm|c+| Cyc|cs c|cncc -
||||^ | (+) ^ ncw +cst|ct|cs concct o| t|c wo||o +no ^m+zon|+ |cg|on + |oo|' tow+|os t|c
|utu|c (cm |occsso oc ub||c+io)
||||^ | ||V^ ||||^ | C |^||Oz | (b) c |||us|on o| ust+|n+b|||ty ^m+zon|+-m+n-
wo||o (|o|to|+ V+|c| |+n+us cm |occsso oc ub||c+io)
||||^ | () c oc+o|oc|s o| t|c \cstc|n cu|tu|c +no t|c ^m+zon |cg|on ||cct|on|c |ou|n+| o|
oc|o|ogy +-.|
||||^ | C^|O ||||O| \ | () ^m+zon|+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| - um o|+|ogo uc
tooos os b|+s||c||os ocvc||+m con|ccc| |o|to|+ Vozcs |ct|oo||s ||
|||||| | CO||^| | |^||^| \ ^ |C|||O | | ||oouct|on o| ||t|ous Ox|oc +no
Consumt|on o| |ct|+nc by |o|cst o||s Cco|ys|c+| |csc+|c| |cttc|s vo| n -
|c|+to||o oo |V |ncont|o |st+ou+| oc C| oo ^m+zon+s () |ncont|o |omov|oo c|+ cc|ct+||+ oc
C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ oo |st+oo oo ^m+zon+s n+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oo |st+oo oo ^m+zon+s |+n+us
|c|+to||os ^nu+|s (-) oo(+) ||n|stc||o oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ cc|ct+||+ oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|o-
g|+ oo |st+oo oo ^m+zon+s uc||ntcnocnc|+ oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ |+nco o+ ^m+-
zon|+ uc||ntcnocnc|+ o+ zon+ ||+nc+ oc |+n+us
|O|| | () ^m+zon|+ |uno+mcntos o+ cco|og|+ o+ m+|o| |cg|io oc |o|cst+s t|o|c+|s
+
|o|io |o|-
to|+ Vozcs |ct|oo||s ||o oc |+nc||o
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
Amaznia: cinco propostas para o prximo decnio
Adalberto Luis Val
1. Um rpido recorte da identidade regional

^ ^m+zon|+ c oo onto oc v|st+ soc|+| c +mb|cnt+| um oos m+|o|cs ocs+os oo |+nct+ c +ss|m
tcm s|oo ocsoc o ocscob||mcnto Con|o|m+noo + m+|o| cxtcnsio oc o|cst+s t|o|c+|s cont|-
nu+s com cc|c+ oc sctc m|||ocs oc |m
.
uc sc cstcnocm o| tooos os +|scs oo no|tc o+ ^mc-
||c+ oo u| scnoo uc eo/ ocstcs cm tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o + ^m+zon|+ c m+|o| uc + |u|o+ c
+b||g+ cc|c+ oc ., m|||ocs oc b|+s||c||os |st+ ou|+io oc b|+s||c||os c const|tu|o+ o| ovos
|no|gcn+s o| um scm-numc|o oc comun|o+ocs ||bc|||n|+s oc u||ombo|+s c oc m|g|+ntcs
nio so b|+s||c||os oc out|+s |cg|ocs m+s n+c|on+|s oc out|os +|scs uc sc x+|+m n+ ^m+zon|+
nos o|vc|sos momcntos oc su+ ||sto||+ |css+ ou|+io cmc|gc um+ |nno+vc| o|vc|s|o+oc oc
m+t|zcs cu|tu|+|s ^ ^m+zon|+ nio c o|t+nto um+ |cg|io so oc b|c|os c |+nt+s oc +gu+s oc
o|vc|s+s co|cs oc um+ o|cst+ uc cstoc+ m+|s oc ccm b|||ocs oc tonc|+o+s oc c+|bono um
s+ntu+||o |ntoc+vc| c t+mbcm c ||nc|+|mcntc um+ |cg|io oc |omcns mu||c|cs c c||+n+s
com +s mcsm+s +s||+ocs o+uc|cs oc out|+s |cg|ocs |stc |cco|tc o+ |ocnt|o+oc |cg|on+| tcm
s|oo con|uno|oo o| occ+o+s com scu |mcnso +t||mon|o b|o|og|co | ncccss+||o ocst+c+| uc
o b|+s||c||o uc v|vc no |ntc||o| o+ ^m+zon|+ |ongc o+s c|o+ocs vcm cont||bu|noo oc |o|m+
m+|c+ntc ocsoc os tcmos |mcmo||+|s +|+ + consc|v+io |cg|on+| c +cumu|+noo con|cc|mcn-
to (ctnocon|cc|mcnto) +cc|c+ oc scus |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s con|cc|mcnto cssc uc ooc +,uo+|
+ ocscnvo|vc| +ocs sustcnt+vc|s num ccn+||o m+|c+oo c|+s |ncc|tcz+s +cc|c+ oos c|c|tos o+s
muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s g|ob+|s
+ Coo|ocn+oo| oo |+bo|+to||o oc |cos|o|og|+ c |vo|uio |o|ccu|+| oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+s o+ ^m+zon|+ (|||^)
ô+|bc|to |u|s V+|
,s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O +t||mon|o n+tu|+| +m+zon|co scm|c ocsc|tou |ntc|cssc tcnoo +t|+|oo um+ |nn|o+oc oc
cxco|ocs c|cnt||c+s ocsoc + v|no+ o+ co|tc o|tugucs+ +|+ o ||+s|| ^ +gu+ suc||c|+| oc ||os
|+gos |g+|+cs +|+n+s |g+os c v+|zc+s n+sccnoo cm cucnos o||os o+gu+ n+s c+bccc||+s
mu|t+s vczcs |oc+||z+oos nos +|scs v|z|n|os congu|+ um+ cxtcns+ m+||+ ||o||c+ com +gu+s oc
o||c|cntcs c+|+ctc||st|c+s c co|cs uc vio sc ,unt+noo c sc +vo|um+noo oc t+| |o|m+ uc +o +t|n-
g||cm + c+||+ ccnt|+| oo ||o ^m+zon+s no scu t|cc|o n+| c+||cg+m +|+ o Occ+no ^t|nt|co
cc|c+ oc .o/ oc too+ + +gu+ oocc uc cnt|+ nos occ+nos oo munoo tooo ^ cxtcns+ c o|nm|c+
m+||+ ||o||c+ + o|cst+ com + u+| |ntc|+gc c o +mb|cntc +c|co +b||g+m um+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|o-
g|c+ scm +|+|c|o no |+nct+ |ss+ o|vc|s|o+oc sc +|cscnt+ |ctc|ogcnc+ +o |ongo oos o||c|cntcs
c|xos ||nc|+|s o+ |o||+ ^m+zon|+ c gu+|o+ |nt||c+o+s c oc||c+o+s |c|+ocs com o +mb|cntc O
uc cst+ cscono|oo ncss+ o|vc|s|o+oc oc |+nt+s +n|m+|s c m|c|o-o|g+n|smos otcnc|+||z+ scus
conto|nos c congu|+ um ccn+||o uc sc mcoc o| su+ |o||+ |mcnsu|+b|||o+oc |o,c +||+oo
+o |ntc|cssc c|o ocscon|cc|oo c o| +u||o uc cst+ cscono|oo no gcnom+ oc c+o+ o|g+n|smo
v|vo |+ um |ntc|cssc cst|+tcg|co c+|+ctc||z+oo c|o sc|v|o uc + o|cst+ |cst+ |um+n|o+oc
n+ |mob|||z+io oc um+ |mcns+ u+nt|o+oc oc c+|bono n+ c||cu|+io oc +gu+ n+ m+nutcnio o+
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc n+ o|c|t+ oc +||mcnto cnt|c out|os |o onto oc v|st+ |cg|on+| c n+c|on+| busc+-
sc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ uc c|m|t+ com+t|b|||z+| gc|+io oc |cno+ c |nc|usio so-
c|+| com + m+nutcnio o+ o|cst+ cm c o uc sc const|tu| num ocs+o oc g|+nocs |oo|ocs
2. Amaznia: desaos
^ |nc|usio soc|+| c + gc|+io oc |cno+ com m+nutcnio o+ o|cst+ cm c sc const|tucm no
||nc|+| ocs+o +m+zon|co |sso occo||c oo |+to oc uc nio |+ mooc|o + sc| ut|||z+oo ou +o+-
t+oo ,+ uc nio |+ +|s t|o|c+| ocscnvo|v|oo O t+m+n|o o+ ^m+zon|+ su+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s +m-
b|cnt+|s + o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ c +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s cu|tu|+|s o+s ou|+ocs o+ |cg|io +g|g+nt+m
cssc ocs+o c |mocm + busc+ oc mu|t||+s so|uocs ^ss|m |+ um+ +gcno+ + sc| cxccut+o+
uc |cc|s+ oc |n|o|m+ocs |obust+s +|+ |ntc|vcnocs scgu|+s |css+ +gcno+ cstio |nc|u|o+s
+s ucstocs |c|+c|on+o+s cxtcns+ ||ontc||+ com os ocm+|s +|scs +m+zon|cos comun|c+io
+o t|+nso|tc s+uoc gc|+io c o|st||bu|io oc cnc|g|+ |ntcg|+io |cg|on+| couc+io +os
s|stcm+s oc |otcio cont|+ o ocsm+t+mcnto +os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s |oouio oc +||mcn-
to s |ncc|tcz+s |c|+c|on+o+s s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s +o uso +ocu+oo oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos c
m|nc|+|s ot|m|z+io oo uso o+s +|c+s ocg|+o+o+s cnt|c out|+s ^ |oouio o+s |n|o|m+ocs
cnt|ct+nto +ss+ ncccss+||+mcntc c|+ cx|stcnc|+ oc csso+| u+||c+oo cm too+s +s +|c+s oo
con|cc|mcnto ^|cm o+ |oouio o+ |n|o|m+io c ncccss+||+ t+mbcm + cx|stcnc|+ oc csso+|
u+||c+oo +|+ +|o||+|-sc o+s |n|o|m+ocs c tccno|og|+s gc|+o+s û| cst+ o out|o |mcnso
ocs+o o+ ^m+zon|+ n+ +tu+||o+oc csso+| u+||c+oo c x+oo n+s |nst|tu|ocs |cg|on+|s n+ o|-
mcnsio o+s ocm+no+s cx|stcntcs +|+ uc + |cg|io oss+ sc ocscnvo|vc| obsc|v+noo os m+|s
^m+zon|+ c|nco |oost+s +|+ o |ox|mo occcn|o
,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
+|tos |ccc|tos ct|cos +|+ com +s gc|+ocs |utu|+s ^|no+ uc |c|cscntc eo/ o+ cxtcnsio tc|||-
to||+| oo ||+s|| +b||guc oc su+ ou|+io c cont||bu+ com oo ||| n+c|on+| |+ n+ |cg|io
ouco m+|s oc u+t|o m|| oouto|cs bo+ +|tc oos u+|s ,+ nio m+|s cnvo|v|o+ com + csu|s+
c|cnt|c+ c + c++c|t+io oc csso+| cm n|vc| oc os-g|+ou+io
|ouvc +v+nos s|gn|c+t|vos n+ u|t|m+ occ+o+ no uc sc |c|c|c cx+nsio o+ c++c|o+oc |nst+-
|+o+ n+ |cg|io +|+ + |oouio oc |n|o|m+ocs tccn|co-c|cnt|c+s uc mco|o+ c|o numc|o oc
|og|+m+s oc os-g|+ou+io |cvc|+ um+ cx+nsio oc +,o/ nos u|t|mos sctc +nos ou sc,+ um+
+m||+io oc +|+ |og|+m+s |nst+|+oos n+s |nst|tu|ocs cx|stcntcs nos novc cst+oos o+
^m+zon|+ |nt|ct+nto css+ cx+nsio cncob|c oo|s ocs+os contcm|+| + cx|stcnc|+ oc +t|v|o+-
ocs oc csu|s+ c os-g|+ou+io cm too+s +s +|c+s oc +v+||+io +tu+|mcntc c|cnc+o+s c|+
Coo|ocn+io oc ^c||c|o+mcnto oc |csso+| oc ||vc| uc||o| (C+cs) c conso||o+| + u+||-
c+io oos |og|+m+s c g|uos oc csu|s+s |cg|on+|s |cnt|c +s +|c+s oo con|cc|mcnto nio
contcm|+o+s com g|uos oc csu|s+s conso||o+oos + onto oc o|c|ccc| |og|+m+s oc os-
g|+ou+io cstio cnt|c out|+s +|c+s como + ||o||s|c+ + ||ou|m|c+ + |+|m+co|og|+ + |o||o|o-
g|+ + |ut||io + ^|u|tctu|+ c ||b+n|smo + C|cnc|+ o+ |n|o|m+io + |ngcn|+||+ oc |+nso|-
tcs + |ngcn|+||+ |+v+| + |ngcn|+||+ +n|t+||+ c + C|cnc|+ oc |+tc||+|s ^|no+ cm out|+s +|c+s oc
v|t+| |mo|tnc|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+ |cg|io |+ +cn+s um |og|+m+ oc os-
g|+ou+io cm n|vc| oc oouto|+oo como c o c+so o+ |otn|c+ |cssc mcsmo o|++sio o out|o
ocs+o c conso||o+| os g|uos oc csu|s+s oc t+| |o|m+ uc oss+m +|+v+nc+| + mc||o||+ oos
concc|tos oos |og|+m+s oc c++c|t+io |nst+|+oos n+ ^m+zon|+ cc|c+ oc oos |og|+m+s
|nst+|+oos n+ |cg|io tcm concc|to t|cs c +cn+s um |og|+m+ oc oouto|+oo tcm concc|to sc|s
|o| m m+s nio mcnos |mo|t+ntc |nc|usio soc|+| c gc|+io oc |cno+ num+ |cg|io como +
^m+zon|+ |cuc|cm mio ou|+ no |occsso oc soc|+||z+io o+ |n|o|m+io c ncccss+||o |cv+| +
|n|o|m+io soc|co+oc c s|mu|t+nc+mcntc +|o||+|-sc o+s ocm+no+s o| nov+s |n|o|m+ocs
uc so + c|cnc|+ ooc |oouz|| oc |o|m+ scgu|+ |ssc |occsso |cc|s+ v+|c|-sc oc o||c|cntcs |o|-
m+s oc comun|c+io ,+ uc + cxtcnsio tc|||to||+| c +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s cu|tu|+|s |mocm novos
+|mct|os n+ cu+io uc sc const|o| + c+o+ o|+ ncss+ +|c+
|n|m + cxccuio ocss+ +gcno+ oc ocs+|os c|m|t||+ + |cn+ sobc|+n|+ oo ||+s|| n+ |cg|io
sobc|+n|+ cst+ conu|st+o+ c|o con|cc|mcnto oo uc |+ n+ |cg|io c|o +tcno|mcnto o+s
ncccss|o+ocs oc su+ gcntc c c|o os|c|on+mcnto n+c|on+| |cgcmon|co no uc sc |c|c|c
^m+zon|+ ^s |ccomcno+ocs +|cscnt+o+s + scgu|| oocm +b|cv|+| o tcmo c cont||bu||
com os |occssos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| c o| conscgu|ntc com + |nc|usio soc|+| c
gc|+io oc |cno+ n+ ^m+zon|+
ô+|bc|to |u|s V+|
+oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
3. Propostas para o prximo decnio
^s c|nco |oost+s +|cscnt+o+s + scgu|| cnvo|vcm um con,unto m+|s +m|o oc +ocs uc |cc|s+m
sc| +|t|cu|+o+s c|os govc|nos |oc+|s c govc|no |coc|+| +|+ uc sc oss+m +c||c|o+| scus c|c|tos
3.1. Proposta 1
Ca as .coaces aa ao eosa .co:oac e .coseaeo:e scoe a ôacoa aooeo:a' e.c
oco.a e sc.a'
|u|t+s |o|+m +s |n|c|+t|v+s +|+ conso||o+| um s|stcm+ oc C| |o|tc n+ ^m+zon|+ |+|tc ocss+s
|n|c|+t|v+s nio tcvc csc+|+ c out|+s t+nt+s nio |o|+m c++zcs oc tc| um o||+| +|+ o |utu|o |c-
n|t|v+mcntc + ^m+zon|+ |cuc| um+ o||t|c+ oc C| +|+ +|cm oo +u| c +go|+ sio ncccss+||os
|o,ctos n+c|on+|s oc |ongo |+zo ^|cm o|sso c ncccss+||+ um+ convc|gcnc|+ oc |n|o|m+ocs +|+
um aa:a a |obusto uc c|m|t+ |ntc|vcnocs scgu|+s c |+nc,+mcnto +|o||+oo c +ocu+oo s
cono|ocs |cg|on+|s uc c|m|t+ |nc|us|vc + cx|o|+io o+s |ntc||+ccs cnt|c +|c+s oo s+bc| +|+ +
const|uio oc nov+s tccno|og|+s ^ss|m ncssc contcxto cst+ |oost+ cnvo|vc +s scgu|ntcs +ocs
+ C+|+nt|| + ||oc|+n+ b|+s||c||+ n+ ^m+zon|+ no uc sc |c|c|c c++c|o+oc oc gc|cnc|+-
mcnto c s|nc|on|z+io o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc C|
b C||+| |nst|umcntos +|+ +m||+io oc convc|gcnc|+s c s|nc|g|smos o+s |nst|tu|ocs b|+-
s||c||+s n+ ^m+zon|+
c |m|+nt+| o Ccnt|o oc ^sscsso|+mcnto |o||t|co oc|+| c |conom|co com v|st+s + +m||+|
o +o|o const|uio oc o||t|c+s c|cnt|c+s |cg|on+|s n+c|on+|s c |ntc|n+c|on+|s +|+ +
consc|v+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+
o ôot+| |nst|umcntos +|+ o|sscm|n+io c soc|+||z+io o+ |n|o|m+io c|cnt|c+ sob|c
^m+zon|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+ |cg|io c
c C+|+nt|| cstuoos +cc|c+ oos c|c|tos oos ocs+os g|ob+|s (muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s |ncxocs
cconom|c+s nov+s ocm+no+s soc|+|s) sob|c + |cg|io
+o+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
3.2. Proposta 2
Ccoa:o'a oa.cs ea'a:ccs s ea'aaaes aa ôacoa aa a.e'ea c.esscs sas:eo:a
.es e eeoes ae eaac ae eoaa e o.'asac sc.a'
^ o|nm|c+ oo |+zc| c|cnt|co c + comct|t|v|o+oc n+c|on+| tcm s|oo |c,uo|c+o+s o| m+|cos
|cgu|+to||os u|t|++ss+oos | |cc|so +c||c|o+| c o+| cc|c||o+oc +os |occssos oc +u|s|io oc
m+tc||+| c|m+ncntc c |ooutos oc consumo +|+ + csu|s+ c|cnt|c+ |u|t+s +|c+s ||o+m com
ob,ctos oc cstuoo uc sio c|cc|vc|s c o|t+nto vu|nc|+vc|s +o +|c+bouo bu|oc|+t|co cm v|go|
|+ mcsm+ |o|m+ o +ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io +|t|cu|+|mcntc no
uc sc |c|c|c +o +ccsso s |n|o|m+ocs gcnct|c+s oc |+nt+s c +n|m+|s nio oomcst|c+oos |cc|-
s+ sc| |cv|s+o+ |o|uno+mcntc |ctoucs n+ |cg|s|+io cm v|go| nio tcm conscgu|oo |cso|vc| os
const|+ng|mcntos +mbcm +|+ + +|c+ oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ c ncccss+||o um |occsso m+|s
c|ct|vo +|+ + +o|io oc u+o|os comctcntcs +|+ + |oouio o+ |n|o|m+io c|cnt|c+ ncccs-
s+||+ +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| oo +|s +|t|cu|+|mcntc cm |cg|ocs vu|nc|+vc|s como +
^m+zon|+ |css+ |o|m+ +ocs como +s ||st+o+s +b+|xo sio |mo|t+ntcs
+ |cvc| o +|c+bouo |cg+| +|+ v|+b|||z+| + +u|s|io oc |nsumos +|+ + csu|s+ c|cnt|c+
oot+noo o |occo|mcnto ||c|t+to||o oc |cg|+mcnto cscc|co uc g+|+nt+ cc|c||o+oc c
o|t+nto comct|t|v|o+oc s +t|v|o+ocs oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+
b |cvc| o +|c+bouo |cg+| uc no|m+t|z+ o +ccsso s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io b|oo|vc|s|-
o+oc c |cscct|vo +t||mon|o gcnct|co con|o|mc |oos|ocs o+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+
c |c+||z+| no cu|to |+zo + Con|c|cnc|+ |+c|on+| o+ ||oo|vc|s|o+oc +|+ ||m+| +s b+scs
+|+ + |o||t|c+ |+c|on+| o+ ||oo|vc|s|o+oc c
o Conccbc| um+ o||t|c+ o||c|cnc|+o+ +|+ + cont|+t+io c x+io oc csso+| u+||c+oo
+|+ +s |nst|tu|ocs oc csu|s+ o+ ^m+zon|+
3.3. Proposta 3
|o'ao:a e /coeo:a co:aoeo:e aoa e.c'aac .eo:.a oa ôacoa .co .s:as caaac
neeoco.a ae o/coaces scoe c ocoa aa co:a e so.a:.a eaaac ac aesoa:aoeo:c
o.'asac sc.a' e eaac ae eoaa
|m+ |ncxio os|t|v+ n+ |oouio oc |n|o|m+ocs |obust+s sob|c + ^m+zon|+ c oc v|t+| |mo|-
tnc|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+ |cg|io | |cc|so uc + |o||+ |cg|io cst+bc|c+ su+s
||o||o+ocs c +|+v+nuc +s +ocs o| mc|o oc um c|+|o c ocn|t|vo cntcno|mcnto o+s o|vc|s|o+ocs
ô+|bc|to |u|s V+|
+o:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
+m+zon|c+s c + |oouio oc |n|o|m+ocs +|+ + conso||o+io oc |cocs |oout|v+s comct|t|v+s
com +s ||nc|+|s .cooca:es |oouz|o+s cm so|os +m+zon|cos ^|cm o|sso c ncccss+||o oot+| +
|cg|io oc cono|ocs +|+ + |oouio |cgcmon|c+ oc |n|o|m+ocs sob|c + |cg|io ^ss|m c |cc|so
+ |m|+nt+| |nst|tu|ocs tccno|og|c+s +|+ + +|c+ oc cngcn|+||+s |ccu|sos ||o||cos m|nc-
|+|s c uso o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
b ||sscm|n+| + cu|tu|+ o+ |nov+io c oo cm|ccnocoo||smo nos cu|sos oc g|+ou+io c
os-g|+ou+io o+ ^m+zon|+
c Conccbc| c |omcnt+| |og|+m+s n+c|on+|s oc c++c|t+io oc csso+| +|+ + ^m+zon|+
cnvo|vcnoo os bo|s|st+s oc |oout|v|o+oc oo Consc||o |+c|on+| oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto
C|cnt|co c ccno|og|co (C||)
o |cscnvo|vc| c |m|+nt+| un|o+ocs ocmonst|+t|v+s no |ntc||o| o+ ^m+zon|+ oc +co|oo
com +s voc+ocs soc|occonom|c+s |oc+|s
c ||x+| csso+| u+|||c+oo cm too+ + |cg|io cm u+nt|o+oc com+t|vc| com +s ocm+no+s
+|+ um+ |cvo|uio c|cnt|c+
| ||c+|+| + |cg|io +|+ |cccbc| |nvcst|mcntos s|m||+|cs +os uc sio +tu+|mcntc |c|tos n+s
ocm+|s |cg|ocs oo +|s
g |cscnvo|vc| c |+zc| uso oc tccno|og|+s mooc|n+s (b|otccno|og|+ c n+notccno|og|+ o|
cxcm|o) +|+ uso o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c
| ||oouz|| c o|sscm|n+| |n|o|m+ocs uc c|m|t+m + m+nutcnio o+ o|cst+ cm c
3.4. Proposta 4
|cc.coa cs oecs oe.essacs ao'aac aas aces ae .ò.a e :e.oc'ca aa a o:ea
ac e c aeseo.c'.oeo:c aa ôacoa
|csoc o t|+t+oo oc |+o|| + ^m+zon|+ nio c m+|s ||ontc||+ o||t|c+ c um+ |cg|io cm s| mcsm+
uc ocm+no+ +s mcsm+s +ocs cm cu|so n+s ocm+|s |cg|ocs uc |cunc +s ||nc|+|s c+|+ctc-
||st|c+s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto su| +mc||c+no |nt|c css+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s comuns |nc|ucm-sc +
s|m||+||o+oc o+ m+t||z cu|tu|+| c +mb|cnt+| c +s ncccss|o+ocs n+s +|c+s oc t|+nso|tc comun|c+-
io s+uoc couc+io c c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ cnt|c out|+s |v|ocntcmcntc c |cc|so |ccon|ccc|
os ocscu|||b||os |nt|+-|cg|on+|s |o|t+nto + |ntcg|+io |cg|on+| c v|t+| c +|+ |sso c ncccss+||o
to|n+| oss|vc| +s +ocs ||st+o+s + scgu||
+o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
+ |o|t+|ccc| +s |nst|tu|ocs oc C cm tooos os cst+oos o+ ^m+zon|+
b ô|+| +t|v|o+ocs +|+ vcncc| ct++s +|+ o |onto uso oc tccno|og|+s mooc|n+s |n-
c|u|noo |n|o|m+io c comun|c+io
c ôot+| mcc+n|smos oc cooc|+io |nt|+-|cg|on+|s c n+c|on+|s
o ^m||+| +ocs mu|t||+tc|+|s n+ +|c+ oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ com +|scs +m+zon|cos
c |cscnvo|vc| |og|+m+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s oc c++c|t+io +|+ + ^m+zon|+ c
| |+ntc| um |og|+m+ oc n+nc|+mcnto o+ c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ +|+ + ^m+zon|+ csc-
c|co c cont|nu+oo
3.5. Proposta 5
|e.coa aces oa aea ae C: aa c aeseo.c'.oeo:c sc.a' e.coco.c e aooeo:a' .co .s
:as a .cosc'aa a scoeaoa oas'ea oa ôacoa
|n|o|m+ocs c|cnt|c+s |obust+s tcm s|oo c+o+ vcz m+|s ncccss+||+s +|+ o|+|ogos s|mct||cos sob|c
+ |c+||o+oc +m+zon|c+ bcm como +|+ + |couio o+ c|ccio oc cxc|usio soc|+| oo sc| |um+no
uc v|vc no b|om+ |cg|on+| ^ o|sscm|n+io oc +ocs oc C c ncccss+||+ +|+ + mc||o||+ o+ u+||-
o+oc oc v|o+ c gc|+io oc |cno+ cm too+s +s soc|co+ocs m+s v|t+|s +|+ soc|co+ocs uc |ntc|+gcm
com +mb|cntcs com|cxos como + ^m+zon|+ cm ouv|o+ sio cst+s +ocs uc g+|+nt||io + b|+s|||-
o+oc c o|t+nto + sobc|+n|+ b|+s||c||+ n+ |cg|io |nt|c css+s +ocs ocst+c+m-sc +s ||st+o+s +b+|xo
+ |nst|tu|| c conso||o+| o|+|ogo com +s ou|+ocs o+ ^m+zon|+ sob|c +ocs oc C|
b ^m||+| os |og|+m+s oc c++c|t+io cm tooos os n|vc|s +|+ uso oc |n|o|m+ocs c|cn-
t|c+s c tccno|og|c+s
c ||oouz|| +s b+scs c|cnt|c+s c tccno|og|c+s +|+ +ocs cm s+uoc c couc+io cm too+ +
^m+zon|+ com v|st+s + +m||+| + |cscn+ oo |st+oo
o ||oouz|| |n|o|m+ocs c|cnt|c+s c tccno|og|c+s |obust+s +|+ cv|t+| + vu|nc|+b|||o+oc |n-
tc|n+c|on+| oo ||+s|| sob|c tcm+s +m+zon|cos c
c |o|t+|ccc| + cooc|+io cnt|c os +|scs +m+zon|cos com v|st+s + subs|o|+| o||t|c+s u-
b||c+s com b+sc cm C uc +m||cm o oom|n|o c + sobc|+n|+ |cg|on+|
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
Cincia, tecnologia e inovao para a sade
humana na Amaznia
Luiz Hildebrando Pereira da Silva
o um+ |cvo|uio c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+ +|+ + ^m+zon|+ ooc|+ |omovc| + v+|o||z+io oo

+t||mon|o n+tu|+| o+ |cg|io cm bcnc||c|o o+ soc|co+oc |cg|on+| c n+c|on+| +t||bu|noo v+|o|
o|cst+ oc mooo + uc oss+ cn||cnt+| + comct|io o+ ccu+||+ c o+ +g|o|noust||+ oc g|ios
c +ss|m contc| o ocsm+t+mcnto
|c|t|+ |cc|c| (.oo,)
^ cvo|uio o+ cxcct+t|v+ oc v|o+ +o n+scc| +|cscntou n+s u|t|m+s occ+o+s n+ u+sc tot+||-
o+oc oos +|scs oo |+nct+ um +umcnto mco|o oc +, (\|| |C||C|^|| .oo|) O ||+s||
scgu|u o ||tmo muno|+| |nt|ct+nto cnu+nto +, +|scs cu|ocus m+|s ûst|+||+ |ov+ zc|no|+
C+n+o+ |+c+u c |+io |cg|st|+m cxcct+t|v+s suc||o|cs + so +nos c num scgunoo g|uo |e
+|scs oc o||c|cntcs cont|ncntcs +|cscntcm cxcct+t|v+s cnt|c ;, c so +nos o ||+s|| num tc|-
cc||o g|uo |cun|noo +|scs com v+|o|cs cnt|c ;o c ;, +nos ocu+ + ,. moocst+ os|io oo
ao muno|+| com ;.| +nos |n|c||o| oc v+||os +|scs o+ ^mc||c+ |+t|n+ |nc|us|vc Cub+ (C|^
|| wO||| |^C8OO| .oos) |m |c|+io mo|t+||o+oc |n|+nt|| (+tc + +no o| +ooo n+sc|oos
v|vos) o |no|cc b|+s||c||o c m+|o| uc .o o| +ooo c o ||+s|| ocu+ + +oe os|io cnt|c os +,,
+|scs +ss|n+|+oos n+ ||st+ o+ wc'a |o/ao: /c:a':, |a:es .oos |nu+nto |sso |no|ccs oc um
o|g|to sio +|cscnt+oos o| ,, +|scs oos v+||os cont|ncntcs |nc|u|noo C|||c Cost+ ||c+ c Cub+
n+ ^mc||c+ |+t|n+ (\|||||||^ .o+o)
^ mco|oc||o+oc oc +mbos os |no|ccs |csu|t+ o+ cxt|cm+ ocs|gu+|o+oc |cg|on+| oc s|tu+ocs
obsc|v+o+s no ||+s|| com m+us |no|ccs no |o|ocstc c n+ ^m+zon|+ uc ux+m +|+ b+|xo +
+ |||cto| oo |nst|tuto oc |csu|s+ cm |+to|og|+s |o|c+|s
|u|z |||ocb|+noo |c|c||+ o+ ||v+
+oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
mco|+ n+| |m |c|+io cxcct+t|v+ oc v|o+ +o n+scc| o| cxcm|o c|+ c oc ;,, +nos no ||s-
t||to |coc|+| no ||o C|+noc oo u| c cm ^|+go+s ^ mo|t+||o+oc |n|+nt|| c oc no
||o C|+noc oo u| c cm ^|+go+s (||C| ) ^ s|tu+io oos cst+oos o+ |cg|io +m+zon|c+
c |ntc|mco|+||+ com cxcct+t|v+s oc v|o+ cnt|c +nos (|+|+) c (|o|+|m+) ^ mo|t+||o+oc
|n|+nt|| v+||+ oc cm |onoon|+ + no ^c|c |otc-sc +|no+ uc + mo|t+||o+oc |n|+nt|| +tc
+nos c c|cv+o+ cm tooos os cst+oos o+ |cg|io |o|tc +ss+noo o| cxcm|o cm |onoon|+ oc
+tc um +no + +tc c|nco +nos (||C| )
|c um mooo gc|+| vc||c+-sc uc + s|tu+io oc s+uoc no +|s +|cscnt+ g|+nocs ocs|gu+|o+ocs
|cg|on+|s com m+us |no|ccs obsc|v+oos n+ ^m+zon|+ c no |o|ocstc cm +|t|cu|+| n+s +|c+s
|u|+|s c n+s +|c+s c|||c||c+s o+s g|+nocs c|o+ocs oo +|s ^s c+|cnc|+s sc cx|css+m o| (|) oc-
c|cnc|+s n+s cst|utu|+s ||s|c+s oc +tcno|mcnto c cm |ccu|sos +|+ o|+gnost|co c t|+t+mcnto (||)
c+|cnc|+s cm |ccu|sos |um+nos u+||c+oos (|||) +|t+s |cv+|cnc|+s oc +to|og|+s |n|ccc|os+s c
+|+s|t+||+s n+s +|c+s c+|cntcs +ssoc|+o+s + |ob|cm+s oc nut||io c occ|cnc|+s no +tcno|mcn-
to m+tc|n|o+oc c |n|nc|+
||+ntc oc t+| u+o|o c|gunt+-sc o uc sc ooc c sc ocvc csc|+| oc novos con|cc|mcntos
c|cnt|cos c oc nov+s tccno|og|+s n+ +|c+ o+ s+uoc +|+ su+ mc||o||+
|m |c|+io ^m+zon|+ + nosso vc| +ntcs oc +n+||s+| |og|cssos utc|s n+ +|c+ o+s c|cnc|+s mco|-
c+s c o+ s+uoc ocvc-sc +|t|| o+ +n+||sc o+ s|tu+io soc|o+mb|cnt+| c soc|occonom|c+ o+ ou-
|+io c oos mc|os c |nst|umcntos oc |csc|v+io oc bcm-cst+| b+s|co ncccss+||o s+uoc cou-
c+io oo|tun|o+ocs c cono|ocs oc t|+b+||o |cmunc|+io |+zc| c |otcio soc|+| ^ o|c|t+ oc
t+|s c|cmcntos uc + soc|co+oc ocvc cm ||nc||o o|c|ccc| +os c|o+oios c mu|to |couz|o+ n+
^m+zon|+ cm |unio o+ cst|utu|+ oc s|stcm+ |oout|vo |csons+vc| c|+ b+|x+ |cno+ o+ ou|+-
io como most|+ o u+o|o com+|+t|vo oc s|tu+ocs cm |onoon|+ c +nt+ C+t+||n+ |+ +bc|+
+ com+|+m-sc os v+|o|cs +g|cg+oos cm +t|v|o+ocs |oout|v+s Cons|oc|+noo uc + ou|+io
oc +nt+ C+t+||n+ c u+t|o vczcs m+|o| uc + oc |onoon|+ vc-sc uc o v+|o| +g|cg+oo o+s +t|v|-
o+ocs |oout|v+s e .a:a cm +mbos cst+oos c cu|v+|cntc |nt|ct+nto + ccu+||+ cm |onoo-
n|+ |c|cscnt+ ;s/ oo v+|o| tot+| o+ |oouio cnu+nto cm +nt+ C+t+||n+ c|+ cont||bu| com
+cn+s Obsc|v+-sc +|no+ uc su||ccnocntcmcntc +cs+| o|sso o v+|o| tot+| cm |ccu|sos
+g|cg+oos c|+ ccu+||+ c+t+||ncnsc c ou+s vczcs o |onoon|cnsc cmbo|+ o |cb+n|o bov|no oc
|onoon|+ ( m|||ocs oc c+bc+s) sc,+ t|cs vczcs m+|o| uc o oc +nt+ C+t+||n+ ( m|||ocs)
C|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io +|+ + s+uoc |um+n+ n+ +m+zon|+
+o)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
1abela +. V+|o| +g|cg+oo cm +t|v|o+ocs |oout|v+s (|onoon|+ c +nt+ C+t+||n+)
Lstado
H cabeas de
gado
valor agregado por atlvldade produtlva (em mll reals)
Agrlcultura ecuarla |ndustrla Sllvlcultura 1otal
er caplta
em reals
+nt+
C+t+||n+
!4o0! !o14 !c!01 !00 1010 10o0 1!
|onoon|+ 114c41o! !o 04o4 14oo 1114 o10 1!
|co:e |8G| .oo,)
V+||os c|cmcntos sio |csons+vc|s o| t+| s|tu+io (|) +uscnc|+ n+ ccu+||+ |onoon|cnsc o+ c||+-
io oc o|cos ( vczcs mcno| uc +nt+ C+t+||n+) g+||n+ccos ( vczcs mcno|) c |oouio oc
ovos ( vczcs mcno|) oc mc| oc +bc||+ ( vczcs mcno|) c oc |c|tc ( vczcs mcno|) (||) |+||o+-
oc o+ |+t|c+ oc |ot+t|v|o+oc n+s |+vou|+s (.e m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs oc |+vou|+s tcmo|+||+s cm
+nt+ C+t+||n+ c .|o m|| |cct+|cs cm |onoon|+) |sscs c|cmcntos most|+m o b+|xo n|vc| oc tcc-
no|og|+ c oo |cno|mcnto oo s|stcm+ |oout|vo cm |onoon|+ conccnt|+oo n+ ccu+||+ |ntcns|v+
oc g|+nocs |o||co+ocs
^ csscs c|c|tos c|vc|sos o+ ccu+||+ |ntcns|v+ +,unt+m-sc out|os (|) o ocs|o|cst+mcnto c os |n-
ccno|os oc o|cst+ |cnomcnos +ssoc|+oos c ||nc|+| c+us+ oo ocso|cst+mcnto n+ ^m+zon|+
(||) ouco |cc|ut+mcnto oc mio oc ob|+ c s+|+||os b+|xos oos cocs o uc nio cont||bu| +|+
+ o|st||bu|io oc |cno+ n+ |cg|io | um c|cmcnto oc conccnt|+io c mcsmo oc t|+ns|c|cnc|+
oc |cno+ +|+ |o|+ o+ ^m+zon|+ o|s +|tc oos g|+nocs |o||ct+||os c v+||+s o+s cm|cs+s |||-
go||c+s sio cxt|+-+m+zon|c+s |stcs c|cmcntos cx||c+m os |csu|t+oos o+ +t|v|o+oc comc|c|+|
cm +nt+ C+t+||n+ c |onoon|+ uc o||c|cm |o|uno+mcntc no v+|o| o+s +t|v|o+ocs comc|c|+|s
(+bc|+ .) o|s o v+|o| o+ |cno+ b|ut+ oo comc|c|o c +| vczcs m+|o| cm +nt+ C+t+||n+ o nu-
mc|o oc csso+s cm|cg+o+s c +; vczcs m+|o| c o v+|o| oc s+|+||os c |cmunc|+ocs o|st||bu|o+s
c t+mbcm +;, vczcs o oc |onoon|+
|u|z |||ocb|+noo |c|c||+ o+ ||v+
+os
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
1abela :. |csu|s+ ^nu+| oc Comc|c|o |^C .oo; (+nt+ C+t+||n+ c |onoon|+)
Lstado
H de
estabeleclmentos
comerclals
essoal ocupado
Castos em salarlos e
remuneraes
(mll reals)
kecelta bruta
de venda
(mll reals)
+nt+ C+t+||n+ c! !c14!1 !00 oo!
|onoon|+ c!! c 1!4 41c
|onoon|+ c!! c 1!4 41c
|co:e |8G| |s:a:s:.as ae |s:aacs .oo,)
|ss+s g|+nocs o||c|cn+s sc cx||c+m o|uc + |cno+ gc|+o+ n+s +t|v|o+ocs |oout|v+s o+ ccu+-
||+ |ntcns|v+ c cm bo+ +|tc cxo|t+o+ o| +t+c+oo o||ct+mcntc scm +|t|c|+io o+ +t|v|o+oc
comc|c|+| |oc+| ^cumu|+noo |nconvcn|cntcs oo s|stcm+ sc+| b|+s||c||o + ccu+||+ |ntcns|v+ oc
|onoon|+ ouco cont||bu| +|+ + c+t+io oc |cno+ mun|c|+| c cst+ou+| c o|t+nto ouco
cont||bu| +|+ + mc||o||+ oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto c +tcno|mcntos oo s|stcm+ b+s|co oc s+uoc oc
|csons+b|||o+oc mun|c|+|
O con,unto ocss+s oc|o|m+ocs c |csons+vc| o||ct+ c |no||ct+mcntc c|os +g|+vos s+uoc o+s
ou|+ocs |u|+|s c subu|b+n+s oo cst+oo oc |onoon|+ como ||ust|+oo n+ +bc|+
1abela ,. |no|ccs soc|+|s com+|+t|vos oc bcm-cst+| soc|+|
Localldade
Crlanas entre 0 e 6
anos com renda raml-
llar menor que !}2 sa-
larlo mlnlmo
essoas com mals de
60 anos com renda
menor que !}2 salarlo
mlnlmo
opulao
beneclando de
planos de saude
|onoon|+ 11` 1o` 1!!`
^|+go+s ` o!` `
+nt+ C+t+||n+ c` ` c`
io |+u|o 4!` ` 40!`
|co:e |8G| |s:a:s:.as ae |s:aacs .oo
+o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
^c|csccntc-sc uc sc o |o|ncc|mcnto oc +gu+ cnc+n+o+ s |cs|ocnc|+s c b+st+ntc gcnc|+||z+oo
cm |onoon|+ cmbo|+ scm scgu|+n+ u+nto u+||o+oc o +ccsso + co|ct+ oc ||xo c o|son|vc|
+cn+s cm +|c+ u|b+n+ c o sc|v|o oc c+n+||z+io c co|ct+ oc csgoto c +ccss|vc| + +cn+s .s/
oos oom|c|||os u|b+nos (||C| ) Com t+|s c+|cnc|+s n+ |n||+cst|utu|+ oc ||g|cnc oom|c|||+|
subu|b+n+ c |u|+| nio c oc sc cst|+n|+| + +|t+ |cv+|cnc|+ oc +to|og|+s |n|cctocont+g|os+s c +-
|+s|t+||+s c os +|tos |no|ccs oc mo|t+||o+oc |n|+nt||
C|cg+mos +ss|m + conc|usocs uc oocm +|ccc| +|+oox+|s ^s tccno|og|+s + sc|cm ocscn-
vo|v|o+s +|+ mc||o|+| + s|tu+io oc s+uoc o+s ou|+ocs +|t|cu|+|mcntc cm zon+s |u|+|s c
subu|b+n+s oc |onoon|+ c o+ ^m+zon|+ cm gc|+| sio m+|s +s tccno|og|+s v|s+noo +o ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto oo s|stcm+ |oout|vo n+ b+sc o+ soc|co+oc c|o +umcnto oc v+|o| +g|cg+oo uc
c|m|t+m +umcnt+| + |cno+ o+ ou|+io c g+|+nt||-||c +ccsso +os cu|o+oos gc|+|s oc |csc|-
v+io o+ s+uoc como + +||mcnt+io |+t|c+ oc cso|tcs |couso |+zc| c |nc|us|vc os cu|o+oos
mco|cos uc |no||ct+mcntc mc||o|+m com +umcnto oc |cno+ oc uc cst+oo c mun|c||os sc
bcncc|+m com + +||cc+o+io oc |mostos |sso c|m|tc m+|o|cs |nvcst|mcntos o||ctos cm s+-
nc+mcnto c n+ |cst+io oc cu|o+oos oc s+uoc b+s|c+ ou|+io
|m |c|+io + |nvcst|mcntos cm c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io com c|scct|v+ no |ongo |+zo
nio |+ ouv|o+s oc uc c|+s ocvcm sc| |c|+c|on+o+s b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +m+zon|c+ com + c|scc-
t|v+ oc |so|+mcnto oc |ooutos n+tu|+|s ||nc|+|mcntc +|+ |oouio oc |+|m+cos c cosmct|-
cos ||ct|v+mcntc + csu|s+ oc |+|m+cos cont|+ oocn+s |n|ccc|os+s c +|+s|t+||+s o+s |cg|ocs
t|o|c+|s ob|cs sio ncg||gcnc|+o+s c|+s g|+nocs |noust||+s |+|m+ccut|c+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s c |c-
|cscnt+m g|+nocs |ob|cm+s oc s+uoc n+ ^m+zon|+ m+|s oc m|| c+sos +nu+|s oc m+|+||+
|c|s|m+n|osc tcgumcnt+| com cc|c+ oc ,o m|| c+sos +nu+|s +|bov||oscs o|vc|s+s +|cm o+ ocn-
guc (|ob|cm+ n+c|on+|) |c+t|tcs v||+|s com + |c+t|tc oc|t+ oc |nc|ocnc|+ cxc|us|v+ n+ ^m+-
zon|+ o|+||c|+s |n|+nt|s oc o||gcm v||+| ou b+ctc||+n+ |n|ccocs |cs||+to||+s +guo+s |csons+vc|s
c|os +|tos |no|ccs oc mo|t+||o+oc |n|+nt||
|+ vc|o+oc os m+|o|cs |ob|cm+s oc s+uoc o+s ou|+ocs +m+zon|c+s sio cnt|ct+nto oc s+u-
oc b+s|c+ c oocm bcncc|+|-sc no cu|to |+zo o| mco|o+s oc |otcio c +tcno|mcnto com os
|ccu|sos oc mco|c+mcntos o|son|vc|s +ssoc|+oos + +ocs oc s+nc+mcnto |cvcnio cont|o|c
oc vcto|cs v|g||nc|+ c|ocm|o|og|c+ couc+io u|b+n|z+io +ocu+o+ t|+nso|tc ctc
^ ||o||o+oc +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc csu|s+s oc |+|m+cos c um+ ||o||o+oc ccnt|+| oc |nvcs-
t|mcntos cm c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ n+ ^m+zon|+ nio o|uc sc,+ csscnc|+| +|+ cu|+| oocn+s
ncg||gcnc|+o+s m+s com v|sio no |ongo |+zo c o| |+zocs oc n+tu|cz+ c|cnt|c+ tccno|og|c+
c soc|occonom|c+ oc |ntc|cssc |oc+| c n+c|on+| c||+| um+ +t|v|o+oc |oout|v+ |noust||+| oc
+|to v+|o| +g|cg+oo ||+ c ||o||t+||+ +|+ + ^m+zon|+ u+noo o||cnt+o+ +|+ + csu|s+ oc
|ooutos n+tu|+|s o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc vcgct+| c +n|m+| cxccc|on+|mcntc ||c+ o uc g+|+ntc
|u|z |||ocb|+noo |c|c||+ o+ ||v+
++o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
um+ c|scct|v+ ||v||cg|+o+ uc nio c + mcsm+ +|+ + |+|mou|m|c+ uc ncccss|t+ oc b+scs
oc comctcnc|+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccn|co-|noust||+| nio cx|stcntc n+ ^m+zon|+ |ss+ ||o||-
o+oc |o| +m|+mcntc o|scut|o+ cm ub||c+ocs |cccntcs oc |+sso |c|c||+ o+ ||v+ e: a' (.oo,)
c C+|oc|on e: a' (.o+o) |ooc c ocvc |gu+|mcntc o||cnt+| + ||o||o+oc +|+ + csu|s+ cm +-
to|og|+s ncg||gcnc|+o+s o| sc| um scto| com mcnos conco||cnc|+ |ntc|n+c|on+| com m+|o|
cxc||cnc|+ o+ noss+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ c m+|s bcm s|tu+o+ +|+ mob|||z+| |ccu|sos c|+s
n+||o+ocs soc|+|s o||ct+s |+s c|+ ocvc|+ cvo|u|| +|+ mooc|n|z+| su+s mctooo|og|+s O |nst|-
tuto oc |csu|s+s cm |+to|og|+s |o|c+|s oc |onoon|+ (|c+t|o) cm |o|to Vc||o +tu+|mcn-
tc +ssoc|+oo ||oc|uz c cm co|+bo|+io com + un|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| |oc+| (||||) ocscnvo|vcu
scu |+bo|+to||o C|||O uc cont+ com cu|+mcntos oc u|t|m+ gc|+io oc nn:ncana:
com uso oc +|vos mo|ccu|+|cs ocn|oos c|om+tog|++ b|o|mcns|on+| cscct|omct|o oc m+s-
s+ scucnc|+oo| oc ct|ocos |ovcoo| oc |n|o|m+t|c+ +|+ cstuoos oc o|nm|c+ mo|ccu|+| c
s.eeoo .:aa' c ||nc|+|mcntc um ||^CO|| +oo +|+ c+tu|+ c |so|+mcnto oc mo|ccu|+s
cm cxt|+tos vcgct+|s c |c+|+ocs oc o||gcm +n|m+| |ung|c+ c m|c|ob|+n+ |ntc|+g|noo com
|otc|n+s +|vos octcct+o+s c|+ |cssonnc|+ |+smon|c+
Cu+|o+noo +s ocv|o+s |oo|ocs c |ntc|css+ntc |cmb|+| + s|tu+io o+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+
cm +|scs como + u|+ +s m+|o|cs ||m+s |+|m+ccut|c+s + s+bc| |o|m+n |+ |oc|c Ccnctcc|
c |ov+|t|s |+tu|+|+m b|||ocs oc oo|+|cs cm ou sc,+ oo ||| su|o ^s vcno+s
muno|+|s |o|+m oc b|||ocs oc oo|+|cs (V^|C^ e: a' .oo,) Cons|oc|+noo-sc + t+x+ mco|+
oc s/ oo ||| +||c+oo cm s+uoc c|os +|scs cu|ocus vc-sc uc os |mostos sob|c + |noust||+
|+|m+ccut|c+ cob|cm |+c||mcntc too+ + ocscs+ cm s+uoc o+ Con|coc|+io |c|vct|c+ com scus
;; m|||ocs oc c|o+oios (cc|c+ oc | m|| oo|+|cs e .a:a) O ||+s|| cn||cnt+ ncssc scnt|oo um+
s|tu+io |cc+||+ cm uc +s ocscs+s oc s+uoc |nvcst|o+s c|os govc|nos |coc|+| cst+ou+|s c
mun|c|+|s sc s|tu+m cm to|no oc .oo + .,o oo|+|cs e .a:a c nio +t|ngc os s/ oo ||| (o uc
sc||+ o+ o|ocm oc oo|+|cs) |m tc|mos oc mco|c+mcntos o ||+s|| |gu|+ |o,c cnt|c os ocz
m+|o|cs mc|c+oos cm mb|to muno|+| com um vo|umc oc vcno+s cst|m+oo cm cc|c+ oc |,
.s b|||ocs ^ |noust||+ n+c|on+| |csonoc +tu+|mcntc c|+ |oouio oc so/ oos mco|c+mcn-
tos consum|oos no +|s o|cm +|ox|m+o+mcntc s./ oos |nsumos |+|mou|m|cos ut|||z+oos
n+ |+b||c+io ocsscs mco|c+mcntos sio |mo|t+oos (C^||||^ e: a' .oo;) |c +co|oo com
o+oos c|+bo|+oos c|o C|;|||-||oc|uz cm o oc|c|t comc|c|+| +ssoc|+oo +os o||c|cntcs
scgmcntos o+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ +t|ng|u um mont+ntc oc |, |, b|||ocs oc oo|+|cs |cstc
tot+| |, +s; b|||ocs occo|+m oo occ|t com + |mo|t+io oc mco|c+mcntos |, +|; b|||ocs
o+ |mo|t+io oc |nsumos |+|mou|m|cos |, ee, m|||ocs cst|vc|+m +ssoc|+oos com o occ|t
n+ |mo|t+io oc |cmooc||v+oos | m|||ocs com + +u|s|io oc v+c|n+s | m|||ocs
+|+ |c+gcntcs o|+gnost|cos c | m|||ocs o+ |mo|t+io oc tox|n+s (V^|C^ e: a' .oo,)
Como + |cc|cussio n+ncc||+ os|t|v+ o+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ n+ cconom|+ g|ob+| oo +|s
so ooc sc ocscnvo|vc| no |ongo |+zo co|oc+-sc + ucstio oc s+bc| uc out|+s +t|v|o+ocs
+++
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
|c|+c|on+o+s + c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io oocm sc| |nt|oouz|o+s no cu|to c mco|o |+zo
+|+ mc||o|+| + s|tu+io c |cnt+b|||z+| o s|stcm+ |oout|vo n+ ^m+zon|+
|cssc scnt|oo cons|oc|o c||goso ocn|| +|+ + ^m+zon|+ + mcsm+ o||cnt+io oc ||o||o+ocs
uc vcm scnoo ocn|o+ +|+ o ||+s|| + |oouio oc +||mcntos c + oc b|ocombust|vc| ^ |nt|o-
ouio n+ ^m+zon|+ oc um+ nov+ .cooca:, cm subst|tu|io ccu+||+ |ntcns|v+ sc |o| |c+||-
z+o+ nio ooc|+ oc|x+| oc tc| os mcsmos c|c|tos ocso|cst+mcnto b+|x+ |cnt+b|||o+oc |+vo|c-
c|mcnto o+ cx|o|+io oc g|+nocs |o||co+ocs conccnt|+io oc |cno+ cxc|usio soc|+| ^|cm
o|sso + |oouio oc +|coo| |cc+|||+ ob||g+to||+mcntc n+s mios o+s g|+nocs cm|cs+s c ncssc
c+so +|no+ vo|t+|-sc-|+ + c+|| n+ mcsm+ cono|io v|c|os+ oc o||cc|on+mcnto o+ |cno+ |c+||z+o+
+|+ |o|+ o+ ^m+zon|+
^ mcu vc| ocvcmos |+vo|ccc| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s +||c+vc|s |oc+|mcntc sob|c
|ooutos o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |oc+| como + s||v|cu|tu|+ |cnov+vc| (m+oc||+s c+st+n|+-oo-+|+
bo||+c|+) + |sc|cu|tu|+ cm cono|ocs n+tu|+|s +|o||+o+s c + |oouio oc ||ut+s (nio +cn+s
o oa:aa m+s com + |oouio oc cxt|+tos gc|c|+s consc|v+s conccnt|+oos ctc) cm |+|+| oos
ocst||+oos +|coo||cos ||oouio oc o|cs o|u|oc+s mc| oc +bc||+s c|xcs occo|+t|vos +|m|-
tos c +|no+ +ss+|os occo|+t|vos ^ |o||c|+ |coc|+| v|vc |cnocnoo cont|+b+no|st+ oc +ss+|os
sc|cntcs c +nu|os c+tu|+oos n+ o|cst+ |cv|+-sc cv|ocntcmcntc |oouz|-|os cm c+t|vc||o +|+
comc|c|+||z+io +|+ + csu|s+ oc tox|n+s c vcncnos oc +nu|os c sc|cntcs c +|+ cxt|+io c
u||c+io oc mo|ccu|+s oc |ntc|cssc |+|m+co|og|co
^ |oos|to oc +|coo| c|m|to-mc |cmb|+| +|no+ uc +|coo| combust|vc| |cnoc . |c+|s o ||t|o
m+s + csu|s+ oc |+nt+s c o|cs com ||nc||os ooo||cos cscc|+|s ooc-nos |cv+| + um C|+-
nc| , uc c so|uio +|coo||c+ oc ooo|+ntcs oc o||gcm vcgct+| uc v+|c ,oo oo|+|cs o occ|||t|o
|ss+s +t|v|o+ocs nio ooc|io sc ocscnvo|vc| scm um |nvcst|mcnto o||cto c |n|c|+t|v+s oo ooc|
ub||co o+ |m|cs+ ||+s||c||+ oc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+ (|mb|++) oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc
|csu|s+s o+ ^m+zon|+ (|||^) oc csco|+s tccn|c+s c o+s un|vc|s|o+ocs c |nst|tutos oc csu|s+
uc +|cm oc su+s +t|v|o+ocs +c+ocm|c+s c oc csu|s+ oc +|t+ tccno|og|+ ooc|io c||+| ccnt|os
oc |o|m+io +|+ gu|+s c |nst|uto|cs oc o|sc|||n+s oc +t|v|o+ocs cxt|+t|v+s c ocscnvo|vc| cstu-
oos c csu|s+s oc |csc|v+io c mc||o||+ gcnct|c+ o+s v+||co+ocs oc |+nt+s c +n|m+|s utc|s
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
Pesquisa interdisciplinar no contexto de parcerias
internacionais de C&T para o conhecimento dos
ecossistemas amaznicos
Peter Mann de Toledo
, Ima Clia Guimares Vieira
Local. ^c+ocm|+ ||+s||c||+ oc C|cnc|+s (^|C) - ||o oc |+nc||o

Uata. o, oc +b||| oc .o+o

Resumo
^ ^m+zon|+ tcm s|oo +|vo oc g|+noc |ntc|cssc c|+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+-
c|on+| O con|cc|mcnto |oouz|oo ocsoc os ||mc||os +nos oo ocscob||mcnto o+s ^mc||c+s
+tc os tcmos +tu+|s tcm const|tu|oo num vo|umc oc o+oos |mo|t+ntcs +|+ +com+n|+| os
|occssos ||sto||cos oc t|+ns|o|m+io c oc mon|to|+| su+ o|nm|c+ oc ocu+io oo tc|||to||o
^|no+ cx|stcm g|+nocs |+cun+s oc |n|o|m+io ||nc|+|mcntc no cntcno|mcnto oos |occs-
sos oc gc|+io c m+nutcnio o+ ||c+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +ss|m como o otcnc|+| oc c+|t+| n+tu|+|
uc subs|o|c |og|+m+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| |stc t|+b+||o +|cscnt+ um+ cont||bu|io
vo|t+o+ const|uio oc um |og|+m+ oc ccnso o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc como um oos c|xos oc |n|o|-
m+io cst|+tcg|cos +|+ +s o||t|c+s ub||c+s o+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ cm scus o|st|ntos ccoss|s-
tcm+s c tc|||to||os Os novos cs|o|os vo|t+oos |oouio oc con|cc|mcntos c|cnt|cos sob|c
+ ^m+zon|+ +o|+oos o| |og|+m+s oc|+|s ocvcm tc| um+ |cocu+io com tcm+s mu|t|o|s-
c|||n+|cs cscc|+|mcntc +uc|cs ||g+oos so|uio c |oouio oc ccn+||os sob|c + o|nm|c+ oc
ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ |cg|io
+ |csu|s+oo| |tu|+| oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| |c |csu|s+s |s+c|+|s - ||||;|C
. |csu|s+oo|+ |tu|+| oo |uscu |+|+cnsc |m|||o Coc|o| - |||C;|C
|ctc| |+nn oc o|coo |m+ Cc||+ Cu|m+|ics V|c||+
++
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
1. Introduo
|o contcxto |ntc|n+c|on+| +tu+| + ^m+zon|+ c cons|oc|+o+ cst|+tcg|c+ ocv|oo + su+ |nucnc|+
no c||m+ |+nct+||o scu g|+noc vo|umc ||o||co c su+ cono|io oc ossu|| + m+|o| b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
oo |+nct+ (|uc|c||ogc |c+|ns|oc ) |o contcxto n+c|on+| cstcs +|mct|os n+tu|+|-
mcntc + t|+ns|o|m+m n+ |cg|io oc m+|o| otcnc|+| +|no+ + sc| cx|o|+o+ oo +|s u+nto +o c+-
|t+| n+tu|+| (|||| .o+o) ^ ^m+zon|+ |c|cscnt+ m+|s oc eo/ o+ +|c+ b|+s||c||+ contcm um
|csc|v+to||o +u||c|o oc s|ngu|+||o+oc |+nct+||+ |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s cm g|+noc u+nt|o+oc c um+
o|vc|s|o+oc ctn|c+ c soc|+| c+|+ctc||z+o+ o| um |ntcnso o|n+m|smo no |occsso oc ocu+io
c o|st||bu|io tc|||to||+| |ss+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s |so|+o+mcntc ,+ sc||+m su|c|cntcs +|+ co|oc+| +
|cg|io sob um cn|ouc o||c|cnc|+oo un|o+s c|+s t|+ns|o|m+m o |+nc,+mcnto o+s cst|+tcg|+s
ocscnvo|v|mcnt|st+s +|+ |cg|io num ocs+o oc |oo|ocs cont|ncnt+|s |+| conscucnc|+ |cs-
ons+vc| |oc|+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+oo com um+ m+|o| |cocu+io com ucstocs oc
|m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s |||cvc|s|vc|s n+ ^m+zon|+ c um+ t+|c|+ com|cx+ m+s uc ncccss+||+mcn-
tc |cc|s+ cnvo|vc| +s |nst|tu|ocs |cg|on+|s oc C c m+ntc| um |o|tc |ntc|cmb|o com |nst|tu|-
ocs o+s out|+s |cg|ocs oo ||+s|| c oo munoo
|o| out|o |+oo o ocs+o oc o|g+n|z+| n+ ^m+zon|+ um mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c++z oc
|c|cscnt+| um+ +|tc|n+t|v+ |c+| +|+ +s t|+,cto||+s |o,c o|son|vc|s no c+|t+||smo muno|+| +s-
s+ ncccss+||+mcntc o| um+ cont||bu|io m+|s c|ct|v+ c ous+o+ o+ C|cnc|+ c o+ ccno|og|+ ^
^m+zon|+ o+oos o g|+u oc |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+| + ||c+ o|vc|s|o+oc soc|ocu|tu|+| c + ncccss|-
o+oc oc m+nc,+| c us+| os |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s o|son|vc|s oc |o|m+ m+|s cu|||b|+o+ c |csons+vc|
ossu| +s cono|ocs ncccss+||+s +|+ const|u|| um+ +|tc|n+t|v+ c|ct|v+ |nov+oo|+ c v|+vc| +|+ o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto ^m||+| +s o|scussocs c cstuoos o|+ntc oo +|+o|gm+ oc C|cnc|+ o+ ustcnt+-
b|||o+oc oc cun|o cm|ncntcmcntc mu|t|- c |ntc|o|sc|||n+| c um+ +io + sc| +oot+o+ no s|stcm+
oc C no ||+s|| ^ o|cst+ t|o|c+| +m+zon|c+ cng|ob+ o|vc|s+s +bo|o+gcns o+ |c+||o+oc nio
oocnoo sc| cncc||+o+ ocnt|o oc um mctooo un|o|mcns|on+| o+s c|cnc|+s. ^|cm o|sso + busc+
oc novos ccn+||os b+sc+oos cm c+mos c|cnt|cos |obustos |+z +|tc oc um+ +io cst|+tcg|c+
oc gcstio (|oc|s Cm+|+ .oo+)
|u|+ntc mu|tos +nos + cooc|+io c|cnt|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| n+ ^m+zon|+ cou |cst||t+ s |n|c|+-
t|v+s oc g|uos oc csu|s+oo|cs |so|+oos c oc |ntc|csscs +c+ocm|cos |cst||tos |o|t+|ccc| + b+sc
tccn|co-c|cnt|c+ |cg|on+| cm su+s mu|t||+s o|mcnsocs c o||c|cntcs |o|m+tos oc +|cc||+ (||v+
.oo;) |ntcns|c+| os uxos oc t|oc+ oc con|cc|mcntos com out|os +|scs c ocm+|s |cg|ocs b|+-
s||c||+s c +|ox|m+| +s cont||bu|ocs o+ csu|s+ +os |cuc||mcntos o+ b+sc |oout|v+ |cg|on+|
const|tucm oo|tun|o+ocs oc const|uio oc c|xos oc um+ cst|+tcg|+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto coc-
|cntc +|+ + |cg|io (CC|| .oo,)
|csu|s+ |ntc|o|sc|||n+| no contcxto oc +|cc||+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s oc C
+|+ o con|cc|mcnto oos ccoss|stcm+s +m+zon|cos
++,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
|cssc +|t|go sc|io o|scut|oos +|guns +scctos oc ocst+uc sob|c + cooc|+io c|cnt|c+ n+
^m+zon|+ |css+|t+noo + |mo|tnc|+ oc +|guns |o,ctos oc c+|+tc| |ntc|n+c|on+| uc tcm con-
t||bu|oo +|+ o con|cc|mcnto o+ |cg|io c oc su+s t|+ns|o|m+ocs +mb|cnt+|s c +|cscnt+-sc
um+ |oost+ |nov+oo|+ oc um ||og|+m+ oc |cv+nt+mcnto o+ ||oo|vc|s|o+oc o| mc|o oc
um+ +io oc cxco|ocs c|cnt|c+s +ssoc|+oo + um comoncntc oc cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+|
2. Sinopse das tendncias de cooperao cientca e a agenda
ambiental da amaznia
|os u|t|mos v|ntc +nos + cont||bu|io oo con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|co +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto |c-
g|on+| vcm-sc to|n+noo um ob,cto c+o+ vcz m+|s |mo|t+ntc oo ocb+tc sob|c +s o||t|c+s ub||-
c+s n+ ^m+zon|+ |o cnt+nto + gc|+io oc con|cc|mcntos gc|+oos nio +|cscnt+ ||nc+||o+oc
c mu|to mcnos |omogcnc|o+oc (\c|gc| .oo+) cm +|t|cu|+| u+noo +||c+o+ ocscobc|t+ cm
+mb|cntcs oc o|||c|| +ccss|b|||o+oc + cxcm|o o+ |||c|+ +m+zon|c+ |ot+-sc c|+|+mcntc uc os
|ob|cm+s |c|+c|on+oos o|g+n|z+io c +o |unc|on+mcnto oc um s|stcm+ |cg|on+| oc C mo-
b|||z+m |o,c cm o|+ |ntc|csscs c cxcct+t|v+s mu|to +|cm o+ cs|c|+ +c+ocm|c+
^ s|tu+io +tu+| cont|+st+ tcmo|+|mcntc com + os|io m+|g|n+| uc +tc mc+oos oos +nos
so c|+ |csc|v+o+ + C n+ ocn|io oos |umos oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto |ss+ muo+n+ o+ |o|m+
oc c|ccbc| o +c| o+ c|cnc|+ c|+ soc|co+oc cst+ |c|+c|on+o+ com + cmc|gcnc|+ oc um novo
mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto o mooc|o soc|o-+mb|cnt+| |ccon|cccnoo o momcnto o+ nc-
ccss|o+oc uc + |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+| +ou||c +|+ o con,unto o+s soc|co+ocs |um+n+s o
mooc|o soc|o-+mb|cnt+| |cg+ o uso |+c|on+| oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s como |o|m+ oc mc||o|+|
+ u+||o+oc oc v|o+ oos |+b|t+ntcs |cg|on+|s |u|to cmbo|+ ocv+ sc not+| uc + o|vc|s|o+oc oc
+to|cs soc|+|s gc|ou m+|c+oos con|tos oc |ntc|cssc no c+mo ||nc|+|mcntc ||g+oos +o o|oc-
n+mcnto tc|||to||+| uc +|no+ sc most|+ um g|+noc ocs+o +|+ + soc|co+oc (|o||c .oo|)
Os +v+nos no con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|co sob|c os s|stcm+s +m+zon|cos c + consc|cnc|+ oc su+ |m-
o|tnc|+ +|+ os cu|||b||os |+nct+||os cont||bu||+m oc |o|m+ occ|s|v+ +|+ contcst+| +s b+scs
oo mooc|o |co+to||o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ |cg|io +m+zon|c+ û| o ||C; tcvc um+ |mo|-
tnc|+ |uno+mcnt+| como um |o,cto oc consc|cnt|z+io n+ const|uio oc +gcno+s +mb|cnt+|s
+|+ + |cg|io |ooc-sc sub||n|+| uc um+ o+s m+|s |o|tcs +gcno+s +mb|cnt+|s +|+ + ^m+zon|+
|o| +ut+o+ c|o ||C; (^|vcs .oo;) ^ +|t|| oc|c os ||og|+m+s oc |csu|s+ ||||g|o+ cm C
|o|+m cst+bc|cc|oos |omcnt+noo +s +tu+|s b+scs o+ cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| +oot+o+s c|o
C|| c |C +|+ + |cg|io
++o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|u|+ntc +s o||c|cntcs |+scs oc |ntc|csscs c|cnt|cos sob|c + |cg|io +s mot|v+ocs oos c|c|os oc
con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|co n+ ^m+zon|+ |o|+m ||nc|+|mcntc |c|+c|on+o+s +
+ Con|cc|mcnto o+ n+tu|cz+
. |om|n+io oo uso o+ o|vc|s|o+oc o+s cscc|cs
V|sio oo cs+o gcog|+co como ||ontc||+ oc cx+nsio oo tc|||to||o +g||co|+
| Consc|v+io o+ n+tu|cz+
, |ntcno|mcnto oos +o|ocs c||m+t|cos |cg|on+|s c |m+ctos g|ob+|s o+ |||c|+
+|s mot|v+ocs |o|+m sc to|n+noo cumu|+t|v+s +o |ongo oo tcmo c |o,c ooc sc obsc|-
v+| um+ tcnocnc|+ oc +g|ut|n+io ocss+s tcm+t|c+s cm |o,ctos com |oco |ntc|o|sc|||n+| c oc
+b|+ngcnc|+ tc|||to||+| cscc|c+ (cm +|guns c+sos |cst||t+s +cn+s + octc|m|n+oos |ntc|-uv|os
ou mctooos oc t|+,cto||+s |u|+|s) |+ mcsm+ |o|m+ obsc|v+-sc um+ m+|o| |ntcg|+io |ntc||nst|-
tuc|on+| O +|c+bouo mu|t|o|sc|||n+| vo|t+oo + um cn|ouc t|+ns-o|sc|||n+| c um onto o|g-
no oc not+ como um+ +t|v|o+oc c+o+ vcz m+|s c|csccntc nos |o,ctos oc csu|s+ c|cnt||c+ cm
ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+ |cg|io
^ |+c|+ ^m+zon|c+ +o |ongo o+ ||sto||+ oc|ocnt+| scm|c sc most|ou como um cs+o gcog|+-
co oc |ntc|cssc c|cnt|co |ntc|n+c|on+| |cnt|c +s ||nc|+|s |ncu|socs |ntc|n+c|on+|s n+ |cg|io
ocst+c+m-sc
+ |xco|ocs c|cnt|c+s n+ ^m+zon|+ ||+s||c||+ oc ||nzon (+,oo) + |+tcs (+s|s)
O +mb|cntc n+tu|+| o+ o|cst+ t|o|c+| n+ ^mc||c+ oo u| |o| um onto cscc|+| oc |ntc|cssc
oc n+tu|+||st+s uc busc+v+m ,unto com cxco|ocs oc |ccon|cc|mcnto tc|||to||+| con|ccc| +
g|+noc o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ cm +ssoc|+io com +s ou|+ocs |oc+|s |cg|st|os ocss+s |ncu|socs
|o|+m cxtcns+mcntc oocumcnt+oos c sc|v||+m como b+sc oc cst+bc|cc|mcnto oos ||mc||os
oocumcntos sob|c o con|cc|mcnto n+tu|+| o+ |cg|io sc|v|noo +|no+ |o,c como onto oc |c|c-
|cnc|+ o+ +n+||sc o+ t|+ns|o|m+io o+ +|s+gcm +t|+vcs oos u|t|mos u+t|occntos +nos
. |+ oc|co+oc ||||om+t|c+ oo |uscu |+|+cnsc (+see) s o||gcns oo |uscu Coc|o|
O |uscu |+|+cnsc oc ||sto||+ |+tu|+| c |tnog|++ tcvc o||gcm + +|t|| o+ |uno+io o+ oc|c-
o+oc |||om+t|c+ c||+o+ cm oc outub|o oc uc t|n|+ cnt|c scus ob,ct|vos + c||+io oc um
muscu c oc um+ b|b||otcc+ O |oc+||z+oo| oo |uscu |+|+cnsc c ucm ocscnvo|vcu tooos os cs-
|o|os +|+ uc + |nst|tu|io sc conc|ct|z+ssc |o| |om|ngos o+|cs |c||c||+ |cnn+ n+tu|+||st+ uc
++)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
oc|cno|+ + |oc|+ oc uc o cst+bc|cc|mcnto ocvc||+ sc| c||+oo com o +o|o o+ |n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+ c
scm +o|o govc|n+mcnt+| oo+v|+ o govc|no +c+bou o| |n+nc|+| o |uscu (||OC||z )
|m ., oc m+|o oc +s;+ o |uscu |+|+cnsc |o| |nst+|+oo oc|+|mcntc c|o Covc|no oo |st+oo
scnoo |om|ngos o+|cs |c||c||+ |cnn+ ocs|gn+oo scu ||mc||o o||cto| ^ |oouio c|cnt||c+
ncssc c||ooo sc |csum|u + |+t|c+mcntc +os |o||os t|+b+||os oc |c||c||+ |cnn+ sob|c gco-
g|++ +|uco|og|+ cnt|c out|os +ssuntos co||c|+tos Com + mo|tc oo cm|ncntc n+tu|+||st+ nos
||mc||os o|+s oc +ss, o |uscu |o| |cc|+oo ^cs+| oo cs|o|o oo Covc|no oo |st+oo o |u-
scu nio conscgu|+ sc ocscnvo|vc| ocv|oo ||nc|+|mcntc |+|t+ oc csso+| |+b|||t+oo c oc um+
o||cio c|cnt||c+ |m o govc|n+oo| |+u|o oo|c m+noou v|| oo ||o oc |+nc||o o n+tu|+||st+
su|o |m|||o Coc|o| ocm|t|oo oo |uscu |+c|on+| o| ucstocs o||t|c+s +os + ||oc|+m+io
o+ |cub||c+ O zoo|ogo +ssum|u + o||cio oo |uscu com |||cst||to +o|o oo govc|no com +
m|ssio oc t|+ns|o|m+-|o num g|+noc ccnt|o oc csu|s+ sob|c + |cg|io +m+zon|c+ u+ cst|utu|+
|o| moo|c+o+ +|+ cnu+o|+-|o n+s cst|utu|+s t|+o|c|on+|s oc muscus oc ||sto||+ n+tu|+| c |o|
cont|+t+o+ um+ |oout|v+ cu|c oc c|cnt|st+s c tccn|cos (C||s|no ct +| .oo,)
O |nst|tuto |ntc|n+c|on+| o+ |||c|+ c o |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+s o+ ^m+zon|+ - |||^
|+ occ+o+ oc +,|o + cog|t+io oc sc |m|+nt+| um Ccnt|o oc csu|s+ n+ ^m+zon|+ oc c+|+tc|
C|ob+| c|+ um onto + sc| +|c+n+oo c|+ |ncsco |ssc ccnt|o oc |csu|s+ cng|ob+||+ scus +|-
scs ||ontc|||os +|cm o+ |ng|+tc||+ c ||+n+ ocv|oo s su+s osscssocs co|on|+|s ,unto com ||^
c |t+||+ uc a c +|t|c|+||+ com + +,uo+ |n+ncc||+ c tccno|og|c+ |o| |uno+oo +ss|m o |nst|-
tuto |ntc|n+c|on+| o+ |||c|+ ^m+zon|c+ - o |||^ |cv|oo m+n||cst+io cont|+||+ b|+s||c||+ o|
cst+| + ^m+zon|+ cm cm tc|||to||o n+c|on+| o |o,cto nio tcvc consccuio
O +m|o ocb+tc cm to|no o+ c||+io oo |nst|tuto o+ |||c|+ co|ocou o tcm+ o+ ^m+zon|+ cm
ocst+uc Com + c||+io oo Consc||o |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+ (C||) cm +,,+ vc|o + |oost+ oc
c||+io oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+s o+ ^m+zon|+ (|||^) uc tc||+ o| n+||o+oc o cstu-
oo o+ gco|og|+ o+ o|+ o+ |+un+ o+ +nt|oo|og|+ c oos ocm+|s |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c o+s cono|-
ocs oc v|o+ o+ |cg|io +m+zon|c+ tcnoo cm v|st+ o bcm-cst+| |um+no c os |cc|+mos o+ cu|tu|+
o+ cconom|+ c o+ scgu|+n+ n+c|on+| |mbo|+ t|vcssc |cocu+io com + sobc|+n|+ n+c|on+| o
|||^ c||+oo cm +,,. sc csc||ou cm g|+noc +|tc n+ |oost+ oo |||^ c contou cm su+ gcs-
t+io com + +|t|c|+io oc o|vc|sos c|son+gcns cnvo|v|oos no |o,cto +ntc||o| (|+|o )
^ss|m ooc-sc o|zc| uc os |o,ctos oo |||^ c oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+s o+ ^m+zo-
n|+ (|n+) gu+|o+m scmc||+n+s u+nto s |cscct|v+s +gcno+s oc csu|s+ c o |ntc|cssc g|ob+|
sob|c + |cg|io +m+zon|c+ +ssou +|+ o cont|o|c o||t|co oo |st+oo b|+s||c||o c c|os +nsc|os o+
comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ |oc+| (|+|o .oo,)
++s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
| ||o,cto ||o|+ ^m+zon|c+
O ||o,cto ||o|+ ^m+zon|c+ |o| |csons+vc| c|+ m+|o| cont||bu|io +o con|cc|mcnto o+ ||o|+
^m+zon|c+ +tc |o,c |o|+m m+|s oc cxco|ocs botn|c+s |c+||z+o+s cnt|c os +nos oc +
+,s; n+ tot+||o+oc o+ +|tc b|+s||c||+ o+ |+c|+ ^m+zon|c+ uc cnvo|vcu m+|s uc ;o botn|cos
b|+s||c||os c cst|+ngc||os |o|+m co|ct+o+s u+sc +most|+s oc |+nt+s |o,c ocos|t+o+s
nos +cc|vos oo |||^ c |uscu Coc|o| +|cm oc out|os |c|b+||os no ||+s|| c no cxtc||o|Os |cs-
ons+vc|s c|o |o,cto c|o |+oo b|+s||c||o |o|+m o |||^ c o |uscu Coc|o| com |n+nc|+mcnto
oo C|| c no cxtc||o| c|o |+|o|m |otn|co oc |ov+ |o|uc n+nc|+oo c|o |+t|on+| c|cncc
|ouno+t|on - || |stc |o,cto sc|v|u +|+ +umcnt+| cons|oc|+vc|mcntc +s co|cocs oc |+nt+s
suc||o|cs c |o| |csons+vc| c|+ c||+io c |o|t+|cc|mcnto oc novos +cc|vos oc |+nt+s |n|c||o|cs
c |ungos oos |c|b+||os |cg|on+|s cn||ucccnoo-||c u+||t+t|v+mcntc c u+nt|t+t|v+mcntc css+s
co|cocs
, ||o,ctos tcm+t|cos oc v|cs +mb|cnt+| c soc|+|
|+s u|t|m+s occ+o+s vcm c|csccnoo o |ntc|cssc cm con|ccc| os |occssos cco|og|cos o| |ntc|-
mco|o o+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| cm cscc|+| c|+ |cssio cxc|c|o+ c|o ocsm+-
t+mcnto c c|o+ oc +|s+gcns n+tu|+|s n+ ^m+zon|+ O |ntc|cssc |ntc|n+c|on+| cm con|ccc| +
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |cz com uc o|gios oc |omcnto no cxtc||o| +||c+sscm |ccu|sos +|+ csu|s+
c|cnt|c+ v|+ +co|oos b||+tc|+|s com o ||+s|| ou un||+tc|+|s O +o|io obsc|v+oo c oc |o|m+io
oc |cocs oc |nst|tu|ocs onoc |csu|t+oos sio o|vu|g+oos v|+ b+nco oc o+oos c com |oco cm |cv|s-
t+s c|cnt|c+s oc +|to |m+cto |stc +o|io ooc sc| obsc|v+oo no |cccntc cstuoo +|cscnt+oo
o| |uncs ct +| (.oos)
|u|to cmbo|+ g|+nocs +v+nos tcn|+m s|oo obsc|v+oos n+s o|vc|s+s |o|m+s oc +|cc||+s |n-
tc|n+c|on+|s cst+bc|cc|o+s n+ |cg|io +|guns ontos ||+gc|s +|no+ cstio |cscntcs |o |ntu|to oc
c|cnc+| os |ob|cm+s uc tcm c|mc+oo os |o,ctos oc cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| uc ut|||z+m +
^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ como |+bo|+to||os n+tu|+|s cst|+tcg|cos ||nc|+|mcntc +uc|cs uc +|ct+m
+s |nst|tu|ocs oc csu|s+s |cg|on+|s obsc|v+m-sc
+ |c|+ocs +ss|mct||c+s n+ ocn|io oc +gcno+ com o|s+||o+oc oc |nvcst|mcnto oc |c-
cu|sos c con|tos oc coo|ocn+io
. ôcs oc |cgu|+mcnt+io |C-C|| uc |cc|s+m sc| m+|s |oc+o+s n+s +v+||+ocs oc
||og|+m+s uc +|no+ c+|cccm oc s|stcm+t|z+io c +com+n|+mcnto +|+ sc|v|| como
b+||z+oo| oc nov+s +ocs oc C n+ |cg|io
++,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
|cs|gu+|o+oc n+ |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos nos tcm+s oc |ntc|cssc o+s |nst|tu|ocs
b|+s||c||+s uc ncccss|t+ sc| m+|s bcm c|+bo|+o+ c sc| ocn|o+ como |c-|cu|s|to oc |n-
vcst|mcntos oos |o,ctos
| |cscu|||b||o n+ |oouio c|cnt|c+ cnt|c +s +|tcs cooc|+ntcs most|+ um+ tcnocnc|+
cm |o o+s |nst|tu|ocs cst|+ngc||+s +ss|m como ub||c+ocs cm vc|cu|os com m+|o|
|no|cc oc |m+cto
, |+o|ocs oc ocscont|nu|o+oc uc sc const|tucm como ontos |mo|t+ntcs n+ conso||o+-
io oc g|uos cmc|gcntcs cm |nst|tu|ocs uc +|no+ +ss+m o| um |occsso oc sco|-
mcnt+io u+nto +tu+io +c+ocm|c+
3. As amaznias
cgunoo |c|t|+ |cc|c| (.oo+ c .oo|) + o||t|c+ |csc|v+c|on|st+ cntio cst+bc|cc|o+ cm cont|+-
os|io +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto + u+|uc| custo conc|ct+mcntc |csu|tou cm t|cs g|+nocs |nov+-
ocs +) |o|m+io oc cxtcns+s |csc|v+s oc c+|t+| n+tu|+| +t|+vcs o+ +m||+io o+s ^|c+s ||otc-
g|o+s b) + |cscn+ oc um novo +to| n+ |cg|io + cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| cnvo|vcnoo +,uo+
|n+ncc||+ c tccn|c+ +t|+vcs oc mu|t||os +to|cs - o|g+n|z+ocs nio govc|n+mcnt+|s (O|Cs)
b+ncos +gcnc|+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto o|g+n|z+ocs |c||g|os+s c) +tcnio cscc|+| oc g|uos so-
c|+|s cxc|u|oos +t|+vcs o+ |m|+nt+io oc novos mooc|os oc uso oo tc|||to||o como +s |csc|v+s
|xt|+t|v|st+s (|cscx) c os ||o,ctos |cmonst|+t|vos +|+ |oouio +g|os||v|cu|tu|+|
^ cm|ncntc csu|s+oo|+ tcm cstuo+oo c |oosto um+ c+|+ctc||z+io o+ |cg|on+||z+io o+
^m+zon|+ cgunoo c|+ ooc-sc |ocnt|c+| c|o mcnos t|cs +m+zon|+s o|st|nt+s ^ ||mc||+ c +
|cg|io oc ovo+mcnto conso||o+oo |o|m+o+ o| g|+nocs cxtcnsocs oc Cc||+oo oo |+to C|os-
so oc+nt|ns c |+|+n|io c +s +|c+s ocsm+t+o+s oo uocstc oo |+|+ uc o| tc| s|oo + g|+noc
cx+nsio o+ ||ontc||+ +g|occu+||+ +ssou |cccntcmcntc + sc| ocnom|n+o+ oc ^|co oo |ogo
ou oo |csm+t+mcnto ou +|no+ o+s tc||+s ocg|+o+o+s ^ scguno+ |cg|io c + o+ ^m+zon|+
Ccnt|+| co|t+o+ c|+s nov+s cst|+o+s oc|+|mcntc |cv|st+s nos |+nos |u||+nu+|s oo Covc|no
|coc|+| os ||^ c csontnc+s' cstcnocnoo-sc oo ccnt|o oo |+|+ +o cxt|cmo |o|tc oc |+to-
-C|osso cst|+o+ |o|to Vc||o-|+n+us |cst+ |cg|io |+ g|+noc |oo|io oc +|c+s o|cst+|s
tc||+s |no|gcn+s c v||gcns cxt|+t|v|smo c |oouio +g||co|+ |+m|||+| o uc + to|n+ cxt|cm+mcntc
vu|nc|+vc| |m|+nt+io ocss+s cst|+o+s c +os con|tos +g|+||os ncccss|t+noo oc +ocs o||t|c+s
c consc|v+c|on|st+s u|gcntcs gc|+oo|+s oc cx+nsio o|ocn+o+
^ +|c+ m+|s |csc|v+o+ c + tc|cc||+ + ^m+zon|+ Oc|ocnt+| uc co||csonoc b+s|c+mcntc +os
|st+oos oo ^m+zon+s oo ^c|c c +|tc oc |o|+|m+ |stc tc|||to||o +g|u+ v+st+s cxtcnsocs oc
+:o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
||o|cst+s |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s c cx|css|v+s v+|zc+s |o|m+o+s c|o ||o o||mocs c scus +ucntcs
uc c|m+ncccnoo m+|gcm o+s g|+nocs |ooov|+s |m|+nt+o+s no +ss+oo +|no+ sio com+n-
o+oos c|o ||tmo o+ n+tu|cz+ |m+ g|+noc ||ucz+ c + o|vc|s|o+oc soc|+| |+ |o|tc |cscn+ oc
ou|+io |no|gcn+ c c+boc|+ ^s |o|+s +|m+o+s const|tucm um cont|ngcntc cx|css|vo n+ |c-
g|io t+mbcm m+|c+o+ c|+ vu|nc|+b|||o+oc o+s ||ontc||+s o||t|c+s com + Co|omb|+ |c|u c |o-
||v|+ cm |unio oo n+|cot|+co c o+ |+v+gcm oc o|n|c||o ^ ||ontc||+ com + Vcnczuc|+ cm |o-
|+|m+ c|o cont|+||o sc congu|+ como um+ oss|b|||o+oc oc |ntcg|+io cont|ncnt+| m+|c+o+
c|+ |ooov|+ c c|o |o|ncc|mcnto o+ ||o|c|ct||c+ oc Cu||
|st+ s|tu+io n+ |cg|io sugc|c uc o ocscn|o o+ o||t|c+ oc cooc|+io |ntc||nst|tuc|on+| n+
^m+zon|+ ocvc sc| |o,c cm o|+ oc|n|o+ como ||o||t+||+ ||g+noo +s o||c|cntcs +gcno+s +mb|cn-
t+|s com |o|tc v|cs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| |cssc scnt|oo +ont+-sc uc + o|cst+ t|o|c+|
ocvc sc| cstuo+o+ o| o|vc|s+s +bo|o+gcns o+ |c+||o+oc ocsoc os scus const|tu|ntcs b|o|og|cos
+ss+noo c|os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s |c|+c|on+noo-os com os o||c|cntcs |occssos oc uso c ocu-
+io o+ o|cst+ |cst+ m+nc||+ c|ccbc-sc uc c |uno+mcnt+| cntcnoc| o com|cxo +mb|cn-
t+| +|+ uc sc oss+ c|ct|v+mcntc |+nc,+| com + mcno| m+|gcm oc c||os +s |ntc|vcnocs n+
n+tu|cz+ +m+zon|c+ |xcm|os |cccntcs sob|c + |+|t+ oc con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|co +ocu+oo so-
b|c + |cg|io sio c+o+ vcz m+|s ||cucntcs como o| cxcm|o + |nst+|+io oc ||o|oc|ct||c+s c
+ ocn|io oc |og|+m+s oc cnc|g|+ oc b|om+ss+ uc ocu+m + +ut+ +tu+| oc o|scussocs n+
soc|co+oc c most|+ +s cont|+o|ocs cnt|c +s +gcno+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c +mb|cnt+| ^|cm
o|sso out|os ontos oc con|to oc |ntc|csscs c tcnsocs como o zonc+mcnto oc +t|v|o+ocs +g|o-
-+sto||s c |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s com + busc+ oc |csc|v+io oc +|s+gcns sio cons|oc|+oos t+m-
bcm oc c|cv+o+ |mo|tnc|+ +|+ + |ccxio oc |m+ctos c ccn+||os |utu|os oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc
soc|+| c ocg|+o+io +mb|cnt+|
O cn|ouc oc +ocs ub||c+s no tc|||to||o c um+ cst|+tcg|+ csscnc|+|mcntc |ntcg|+oo|+ oc cs+-
os +to|cs soc|+|s +gcntcs mc|c+oos c o||t|c+s ub||c+s oc |ntc|vcnio |scc|+|mcntc cm sc
t|+t+noo o+ ^m+zon|+ |+z-sc ncccss+||o t|+b+||+| + cu|o+oc num cntcno|mcnto o+ o|vc|s|o+-
oc c n+ v+|o||z+io o+ cu|tu|+ |oc+| c n+ |nc|usio soc|+| Con|o|mc +ont+oo o| ^|vcs (.oo;) c
|mo|t+ntc |ccon|ccc| +s ou+s os|ocs +nt+gon|c+s cnt|c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c consc|v+io
n+ ^m+zon|+ +mbos com scto|cs |nucntcs com b+scs cst+bc|cc|o+s ocnt|o c |o|+ o+ |cg|io ^s
+ocs |o-consc|v+io gc|+|mcntc cont+m com suo|tc cxtc|no c +s tcnsocs ocscnvo|v|mcn-
t|st+s |cctcm v|socs t+nto cxogcn+ como cnoogcn+
Vc||c+-sc +tu+|mcntc o oom|n|o oc |nst|umcntos +|+ m+c+| o otcnc|+| oc ocg|+o+io
oo cs+o m+s nio sc tcm |nst|umcntos +|+ m+c+| + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c +ss|m const|u|| +|gu-
mcntos +|+ v+|o||z+| + |o|cst+ cm c |o,c cm o|+ + vc|oc|o+oc oc um+ moto-sc||+ c m+|o|
oo uc o tcmo ncccss+||o +|+ sc ocsc|cvc| um+ cscc|c nov+ +|+ + C|cnc|+ Obsc|v+mos
cxcm|os oc ocv+st+io o|cst+| con|t+ntcs com um+ |+c|on+||o+oc +mb|cnt+| ocnt|c c|cs
+:+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
c|t+-sc + |cg|io oos c+st+n|+|s no suoocstc +|+cnsc onoc no c||ooo oc +,s| + +,,; |o|+m
ocst|u|oos ;o/ o+ vcgct+io o||g|n+| +| s|tu+io nio ooc sc| m+|s +cc|t+ scm um+ +n+||sc
c |+nc,+mcnto oc uso oo tc|||to||o c oo otcnc|+| cconom|co n+tu|+| + sc| |ov|oo c|+ n+-
tu|cz+ + sc| |ntc||c||o+
|cstc contcxto c |uocntc +ont+| uc cstuoos o+s +|s+gcns ocvcm sc| |nco|o|+oos n+s v+-
||+s ct++s oc co|ct+ oc |n|o|m+ocs cm c+mo ||nc|+|mcntc n+uc|cs |o,ctos |ntc|o|sc|||-
n+|cs o|s + v|sio oc t|+ns|o|m+io ||sto||c+ oc convc|sio +ss|m como +n+||scs oc to|c|nc|+ c
|cs|||cnc|+ + muo+n+s +mb|cnt+|s t+nto cm csc+|+s |cg|on+| como g|ob+| |o|nccc|io um co|o
oc |n|o|m+io vo|t+oo |ntc|+io cnt|c o uso c + consc|v+io oos cs+os |u|+|s
4. Exemplos de cooperao internacional e seus impactos no
avano cientco da Amaznia na rea de ecossistemas.
|+ mu|tos cxcm|os oc cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| n+ |cg|io +m+zon|c+ |+|+ c|c|to oc +v+||+| os
|m+ctos o+s cooc|+ocs cst+bc|cc|o+s n+ |cg|io c|t+m-sc +cn+s +|guns |o,ctos oc cooc|+-
io uc tcm + vc| com o con|cc|mcnto ||s|co c b|o|og|co o+ o|cst+
^ ncccss|o+oc oc ocscnvo|vc| cstuoos c|cnt|cos +|+ o cntcno|mcnto oo |unc|on+mcnto |c-
g|on+| c g|ob+| o+ ^m+zon|+ mot|vou + c||+io oo |xc||mcnto oc C|+noc |sc+|+ o+ ||os|c|+-
-^tmos|c|+ n+ ^m+zon|+ (||^) O ||^ c cons|oc|+oo como um oos m+|o|cs c m+|s +||o,+oos
|o,ctos |ntc|n+c|on+|s c co|+bo|+t|vos oo |+nct+ O ||^ c um cs|o|o oc csu|s+ |ntc|n+c|o-
n+| mu|t|o|sc|||n+| +|+ cstuo+| c obtc| um+ mc||o| com|ccnsio oc |unc|on+mcnto oo s|stc-
m+ +m+zon|co como um tooo |m+ sc||c oc cxc||mcntos oc c+mo cm ||o|omctco|o|og|+
u|m|c+ +tmos|c||c+ c|c|os b|ogcou|m|cos c cco|og|+ c||ou um+ +mb|cntc |+vo|+vc| +|+ + |o|-
m+io oc um g|uo oc csu|s+oo|cs b|+s||c||os com con|cc|mcnto oos |ob|cm+s c|cnt|cos
o+ ^m+zon|+ c sob|ctuoo ocmonst|ou + |mo|tnc|+ uc |ccu|sos |um+nos u+||c+oos t|vc-
|+m no ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocss+s csu|s+s
^tu+|mcntc t|cs |ocos oc csu|s+ +g|ut|n+m +s ||nc|+|s ucstocs + sc|cm +bo|o+o+s n+ sc-
guno+ |+sc oo ||^ o +mb|cntc +m+zon|co cm muo+n+ (|occssos) + sustcnt+b|||o+oc oos sc|-
v|os +mb|cnt+|s c os s|stcm+s oc |oouio tc||cst|cs c +u+t|cos (conscucnc|+s) c + v+||+b|||o+-
oc c||m+t|c+ c ||o|o|og|c+ c su+ o|nm|c+ |ct|o-+||mcnt+io m|t|g+io c +o+t+io (|csost+s)
|ssc |o,cto tcm t|oo um c|c|to mu|to os|t|vo +|+ + |cg|io + ocsc|to oc um+ sc||c oc |ob|c-
m+s n+ |+sc |n|c|+| oc |m|cmcnt+| +s +t|v|o+ocs |o,c + |coc oc csu|s+ cst+ bcm conso||o+o+
c +tu+ oc |o|m+ |ntcg|+o+ com +s |nst|tu|ocs |cg|on+|s n+c|on+|s c cst|+ngc||+s
+::
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
Out|o |o,cto oc ocst+uc oc g|+noc o|tc c o '||o,cto ||nm|c+ ||o|og|c+ oc ||+gmcntos ||o-
|cst+|s' - ||||| - um+ +|cc||+ b||+tc|+| cnt|c o |nst|tuto oc |csu|s+s n+ ^m+zon|+ c o m|t|so-
n|+n |nst|tut|on |+ occ+o+ oc ;o um |mo|t+ntc ocb+tc c|cnt|co sob|c + +||c+b|||o+oc o+ tc-
o||+ o+ b|ogcog|+|+ oc |||+s +|+ o |+nc,+mcnto oc un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io |ocu|+v+ +v+||+|
+ |mo|tnc|+ o+ m+nutcnio oc um+ |csc|v+ o|cst+| g|+noc ou oc v+||+s cucn+s oc |gu+|
t+m+n|o |cstc contcxto su|g|u o |o,cto o| |n|c|+t|v+ oc csu|s+oo|cs cst|+ngc||os uc tcm
o ob,ct|vo oc octc|m|n+| +s conscucnc|+s cco|og|c+s oo ocsm+t+mcnto c o+ ||+gmcnt+io |o-
|cst+s sob|c + |+un+ c o|+ n+ ^m+zon|+ c t|+ns|c||| + |n|o|m+io gc|+o+ + o||c|cntcs scto|cs o+
soc|co+oc +|+ |+vo|ccc| + consc|v+io c o uso |+c|on+| oos |ccu|sos o|cst+|s |cst+ |o|m+ um
g|+noc numc|o oc csu|s+s vcm scnoo ocscnvo|v|o+s ocsoc cntio vo|t+oos +|+ |nvcnt+||+| c
mon|to|+| + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c su+s |csost+s +os |m+ctos |ovoc+oos c|+ ||+gmcnt+io |+ss+-
oo um tcmo oc +,ustc +|+ so|uc|on+| c +comoo+| |ob|cm+s oc gcstio c +com+n|+mcnto
o |o,cto |o| tot+|mcntc |ntcg|+oo n+ +gcno+ oo |||^ c |o,c sc|vc como |c|c|cnc|+ +|+ v+||+s
|n|o+ocs oc Consc|v+io oo ||+s||
Com + c|csccntc ncccss|o+oc oc sc ocscnvo|vc| |o,ctos com c+|+ctc||st|c+ oc cntcnoc| os |o-
ccssos cco|og|cos oc |ong+ ou|+io n+ ^m+zon|+ |cvou +o cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc |numc|+s |cocs
oc csu|s+ n+ |cg|io ^ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ sc o|g+n|zou num+ tcnocnc|+ c|csccntc oc |o|tc
comoncntc oc cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| |c|cccm ocst+uc ncst+ +n+||sc t|cs g|+nocs |cocs
oc csu|s+ uc +tu+m n+ |cg|io - os |o,ctos |^| (|o|c+| |co|ogy ^sscssmcnt +no |on|-
to||ng |n|t|+t|vc) |^|||O| (c ^m+zon |o|cst |nvcnto|y |ctwo||) c ^|| (^m+zon|+n |cc
||vc|s|ty |ctwo||) +|s |o,ctos tcm o| ob,ct|vo |c+||z+| o mon|to|+mcnto o+s |o|cst+s +m+-
zon|c+s c +v+||+| +s t|+ns|o|m+ocs oos ccoss|stcm+s
O ||og|+m+ oc |co|og|+ ^v+||+io c |on|to|+mcnto oc ||o|cst+s |o|c+|s (|^|) |o| c||+oo
c|o Ccnt|o +|+ C|cnc|+ oc ||oo|vc|s|o+oc ^||c+o+ (C^|) o+ Consc|v+io |ntc|n+c|on+| (C|)
com +o|o o+ |uno+io Co|oon |ctty |oo|c +|+ su||| + ncccss|o+oc oc |n|o|m+ocs +tu-
+|s c +b|+ngcntcs sob|c o cst+oo o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc cm ccoss|stcm+s oc o|cst+ t|o|c+| ^ |oc|+
o||g|n+| c + oc uc nos |ox|mosocz +nos o |^| cst+bc|c+ c coo|ocnc um+ |coc oc ,o cst+-
ocs oc c+mo cm o|cst+s t|o|c+|s Com + c||+io oc um+ mctooo|og|+ oc csu|s+ +o|on|-
z+o+ +|+ mon|to|+| + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc o |^| c c++z oc cst+bc|ccc| csu|s+s oc |ongo |+zo
cm o|vc|s+s |oc+||o+ocs cm +|c+s |m+ct+o+s c nio-|m+ct+o+s gc|+noo o+oos |c|cv+ntcs cm
mu|t+s +|c+s oc csu|s+ t+nto b+s|c+ u+nto +||c+o+ C|cnt|st+s cstuo+ntcs oc os-g|+ou+io
o|g+n|smos govc|n+mcnt+|s c mcmb|os o+ comun|o+oc sc bcncc|+m o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc c++c|-
t+io uc +s cst+ocs oc c+mo |omovcm ^s cst+ocs c|cnt|c+s oc c+mo oo |^| cst+bc-
|cc|o+s n+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ s|tu+m-sc n+ o|io O||cnt+| cm C+x|u+ni |^cm +|cc||+ com o
|uscu Coc|o| c out|+ n+ |cg|io Ccnt|+| n+ |csc|v+ |u|c cm +|cc||+ com o |||^
+:,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
O |^|||O| c um+ |coc oc |nvcnt+||os const|u|o+ +|+ cstuo+| + b|om+ss+ c cntcnoc| + o|n-
m|c+ o+s o|cst+s +m+zon|c+s |st+ |coc |ntc|n+c|on+| oc c|cnt|st+s cst+bc|cc|o+ cm .ooo cont+
com m+|s oc '|ots' cs+||+oos n+ b+c|+ +m+zon|c+ com um +|c+bouo mctooo|og|co oc
mon|to|+| +mb|cntcs num |ongo |+zo +|+ cntcnoc| o +c| oo c|c|o oc c+|bono c su+s |c|+-
ocs com c||m+ c |occssos oc m+nutcnio o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
^ ^|| c t+mbcm um+ |coc v||tu+| oc csu|s+oo|cs cm cco|og|+ c s|stcm+t|c+ vcgct+| uc
com+|t|||+m |n|o|m+ocs +cc|c+ o|vc|s|o+oc oc cscc|cs oc |+nt+s +|bo|c+s n+ '|+n-^m+zo-
n|+' O ob,ct|vo c o oc cntcnoc| os +o|ocs oc o|vc|s|o+oc ^'na c 8e:a n+ |cg|io csc|+noo uc
+s |n|o|m+ocs sc,+m utc|s +|+ o||t|c+s oc consc|v+io ||cs t|+b+||+m com '|ots' oc |cct+|c
c |o,c + |coc contcm m+|s oc +|c+s cm o||c|cntcs +|tc o+ b+c|+ +m+zon|c+ O ob,ct|vo c
uc + busc+ oc |c|+ocs cnt|c c||m+ c o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ tcn|+m |unio |co|t|v+
^ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ to|nou-sc nos u|t|mos .o +nos um |+bo|+to||o onoc |o| tcst+o+ g|+noc
+|tc o+s conccocs |oost+s muno|+|mcntc +|+ |omovc| + sustcnt+b|||o+oc ^s o|nm|c+s
o+s cxc||cnc|+s 'sustcnt+vc|s' sio com|cx+s c os |m+ctos |oc+|s sio cno|mcs |+|+ +bo|o+-
-|+s |o|+m cst+bc|cc|oos cstuoos mu|t|o|sc|||n+|cs c++zcs oc |ocnt|c+| os |+to|cs c|+vcs uc
cx||c+m o succsso ou ||+c+sso oos |o,ctos |m |o,cto ncss+ ||n|+ uc mc|ccc ocst+uc n+
cooc|+io ||+nco-b|+s||c||+ c o |||^|^z uc v|s+ +n+||s+| os octc|m|n+ntcs gcog|+|cos
ocmog|+cos c soc|o-cconom|cos oc v+||+s cxc||cnc|+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto vo|t+oo sustcn-
t+b|||o+oc n+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ com + n+||o+oc oc c|+bo|+| um+ s|ntcsc sob|c +t|v|o+ocs oc
|oouio no contcxto o+ o|cst+ t|o|c+|
Out|os g|+nocs |o,ctos oc cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| cstio scnoo ocscnvo|v|oos n+ |cg|io m+|s
|cccntcmcntc c tcm s|oo |uno+mcnt+| +|+ o +v+no oo con|cc|mcnto uc cstuo+ o||c|cntcs
|occssos c csc+|+s oc uso o+ tc||+ cm o||c|cntcs o|ocs o+ b+c|+ +m+zon|c+ O |||| +o cntcn-
oc| o +c| cst|+tcg|co oo mon|to|+mcnto o+s o|cst+s t|o|c+|s no munoo c||ou |cccntcmcn-
tc um Ccnt|o |cg|on+| |oc+||z+oo n+ ^m+zon|+ cscc|c+mcntc +|+ t|c|n+| c c++c|t+| out|os
+|scs no oom|n|o oc tccno|og|+s oc scnso||+mcnto |cmoto +|+ +com+n|+| o |occsso oc
convc|sio oc o|cst+s
Os m+|o|cs ocs+os +|+ o cstuoo oc nov+s cscc|cs c +o|ocs oc o|st||bu|io gcog|+c+ cn-
cont|+m-sc |c|+c|on+o+s s |cg|ocs uc contcm o|ocs |csc|v+o+s oc o|cst+ t|o|c+| um|o+
|+ ^m+zon|+ cstc t|o oc +mb|cntc c |coom|n+ntcmcntc oc |c|io gcomo||o|og|c+ o|vc|s|-
c+o+ c gcog|+c+mcntc cxtcns+ com +|c+s +|no+ oc o|||c|| +ccsso c com|cx+s cm tc|mos oc
|n||+-cst|utu|+ +|+ csu|s+s cm c+mo |m oos ontos m+|s c+|+ctc||st|cos obsc|v+oos n+
cooc|+io c|cnt|c+ c + const|uio oc +|cc||+s com o|g+n|z+ocs |oc+|s uc +ux|||+m + m|-
n|m|z+| t+|s |ob|cm+s |nt|ct+nto o +c| |uno+mcnt+| ocst+s o|g+n|z+ocs |cg|on+|s nio sc
|cctc num+ +io oc cu|o+oc cnu+nto |ot+gon|st+s oc ||oc|+n+ +c+ocm|c+ +cc|c+ oo novo
+:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
con|cc|mcnto gc|+oo |ouc+s sio +uc|+s |nst|tu|ocs uc ocu+m os|ocs oc ||oc|+n+ +c+-
ocm|c+ c uc conscgucm const|u|| +|cc||+s |o||cu+s +|+ + conso||o+io c m+nutcnio oc
|og|+m+s oc csu|s+ ||o||t+||os
Como +no oc |unoo +s |nst|tu|ocs b|+s||c||+s cstio c+o+ vcz m+|s sc cng+,+noo cm |og|+m+s
oc cooc|+io c|cnt|c+ com out|os +|scs +|+ cstuo+| + ^m+zon|+ nos o|vc|sos c+mos o+
C|cnc|+ ||+ntc ocssc u+o|o c+bc o|g+n|z+| um b+nco oc |n|o|m+ocs +|+ uc sc oss+ |ct|-
|+| +|tc ocssc vo|umc oc con|cc|mcnto cm |o| oc o|+gnost|cos uc subs|o|cm |og|+m+s oc
ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+ |cg|io
5. Cincia internacional no campo da biodiversidade
|m oos ||nc|+|s |ob|cm+s o+ ^m+zon|+ c uc c|+ cst+ vu|nc|+vc| s muo+n+s oos |occssos
oc t|+ns|o|m+io tc|||to||+| o| o||c|cntcs t|os oc usos o+ tc||+ c c|+s +mc++s o| muo+n+s
c||m+t|c+s Os |m+ctos ocst+ o|nm|c+ oc convc|sio o|cst+| +|no+ nio oocm sc| c+|cu|+oos
com m+|o| g|+u oc |cc|sio c|+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ O +o|io oc ocso|cst+mcnto n+s +|c-
+s nio |csc|v+o+s +|+ consc|v+io ou uso sustcnt+vc| c + |nucnc|+ oos +o|ocs c||m+t|cos n+
|ntcns|o+oc o+s cst+ocs oc scc+ +|no+ |cc|s+m sc| m+|s |cc|s+mcntc com|ccno|o+s ooos
cstcs ontos tcm |mo|t+ntc ||g+io com + cco|og|+ c |occssos cvo|ut|vos +tu+ntcs no b|om+
+m+zon|co
O uc sc ooc obsc|v+| c + |+|t+ um g|+noc |o,cto cst|+tcg|co c cst|utu|+ntc n+ +|c+ oc b|oo|-
vc|s|o+oc com ||oc|+n+ c |n|c|+t|v+ b|+s||c||+ |ss+ s|tu+io cst+ cm cont|+stc com + c++c|o+oc
o+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ cm |oouz|| C|cnc|+ oc |ccon|cc|oo mc||to |ntc|n+c|on+| |+|tc s|g-
n|c+ntc o+ ocscobc|t+ oc nov+s cscc|cs o||uno+s o+ |cg|io t|o|c+| cont+ com + +|t|c|+io
oc csu|s+oo|cs b|+s||c||os ou ut|||z+m co|cocs sob |csons+b|||o+oc oc |nst|tu|ocs n+c|on+|s
Os +tu+|s |o,ctos oc cstuoos o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc tcm s|oo |omcnt+oos o| o|gios o|c|+|s +ss|m
como os scto|cs oc|+|s o+ o||t|c+ oc b|oo|vc|s|o+oc tcm sc |cs+|o+oo |o|tcmcntc n+ comu-
n|o+oc c|cnt|c+ +|+ + |c+||z+io oc cstuoos |oscct|vos o|+gnost|cos c ccn+||os o+ c|o+ oc
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc com + g|+ou+| c|o+ oc |+b|t+ts
C+bc |css+|t+| uc + o|cu|o+oc cx|stcntc u+nto co|ct+ oc m+tc||+| +|+ csu|s+ c|cnt|c+ so-
b|c os c|cmcntos o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc tcm +|+st+oo mu|tos co|+bo|+oo|cs oc |o|+ oo +|s |csmo
o|+ntc oo cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc o|+|ogo c m+|o| cng+,+mcnto o| +|tc oc |nst|tu|ocs c|cnt||c+s
n+s ucstocs |cg+|s c oc no|m+t|z+io os m+|o|cs cmcc|||os +|no+ |cs|ocm n+ ocn|io oos
+c|s oos o||c|cntcs o|g+n|smos oc govc|no cu,os ||m|tcs oc +tu+io c sob|cos|io oc |cs-
ons+b|||o+ocs +|no+ nio |o|+m tot+|mcntc csc|+|cc|oos ||+ntc ocssc u+o|o +s +t|v|o+ocs oc
+:,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
c+mo c |nvcnt+||o sc to|n+m ||+g|||z+o+s c|+ntc +s o||c|cntcs |ntc||ct+ocs sob|c +s no|m+s
oc +ccsso co|+bo|+io |nst|tuc|on+| c gu+|o+ oc m+tc||+| b|o|og|co
Out|o +sccto uc ocvc sc| |css+|t+oo c + |mo|tnc|+ cm sc m+ntc| c|cmcntos o+ b|oo|vc|s|-
o+oc b|+s||c||+ |csc|v+oos cm muscus uc +com+n|cm + o|nm|c+ oc convc|sio oc +|s+gcns
n+tu|+|s ou +tc mcsmo o|cst+s sccuno+||+s cm tc|||to||os |oout|vos |u|+|s c u|b+nos |u|t+s
ocss+s cscc|cs |c|cscnt+o+s o| cxcm|+|cs consc|v+oos cm co|cocs b|o|og|c+s oc |nst|tu|-
ocs ccntcn+||+s nio oocm m+|s sc| c+tu|+o+s ,ust+mcntc c|o |occsso oc cxt|nio |oc+| c
|cst||io oc o|st||bu|io gcog|+c+ c|+s u+|s |o|+m |most+s
Con|o|mc |os+oo ct +| (.ooe) +|+ +umcnt+| o con|cc|mcnto sob|c b|oo|vc|s|o+oc to|n+-sc
ncccss+||o |nc|cmcnt+| s|gn|c+t|v+mcntc o cs|o|o oc |nvcnt+||os t+xonom|cos com + consc-
ucntc ocscobc|t+ c ocsc||io oc cscc|cs nov+s O uc sc obsc|v+ no cnt+nto c um+ c+|cnc|+
oc |oss|on+|s u+||c+oos nos cstuoos o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc no +|s |+ mcsm+ |o|m+ + |n||+-
-cst|utu|+ oco|c+o+ t+xonom|+ |cc|s+ sc| +m||+o+ s|gn|c+t|v+mcntc ut|||z+noo |nc|us|vc +
|n|o|m+t|c+ c + tccno|og|+ oc comun|c+ocs oc m+nc||+ + |+c|||t+| o t|+b+||o c|cnt|co c + o|s-
scm|n+| os |ooutos t+xonom|cos + tooos os usu+||os |nc|us|vc +o ub||co cm gc|+|
|m oos ontos cn|+t|z+oos c|os +uto|cs c uc + 'c|cnc|+ o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc uc sc,+ m+|s |co|-
t|v+ c |ntcg|+oo|+ |+|+ os |o|ncccoo|cs oc bcns c sc|v|os cco|og|cos sio ncccss+||os mcc+n|s-
mos cont|+tu+|s |uno+mcnt+oos cm ocscmcn|o c o|g+n|z+oos cm csc+|+ |cg|on+| | +|t+mcntc
ocsc,+vc| + |nco|o|+io oc |nst|umcntos cconom|cos +|+ + consc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc cm
o||t|c+s ub||c+s +mb|cnt+|s |cstc contcxto + ^m+zon|+ ocscmcn|+ um +c| cst|+tcg|co
um+ vcz uc +b||g+ g|+noc +|tc o+s cscc|cs +|no+ + sc|cm ocsc||t+s c|+ C|cnc|+
ô|c|on+|mcntc +|guns ontos co|oc+oos o| |os+oo ct +| () mc|cccm ocst+uc como '^
ocsc||io c +n+||sc o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ |cuc|cm um+ +bo|o+gcm |ntc|n+c|on+| o uc
|m||c+ + co|+bo|+io cooc|+io cm tooos os n|vc|s c +m|+ comun|c+io cnt|c os +to|cs |n-
c|u|noo |c+||z+oo|cs oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s |nst|tu|ocs c|cnt|st+s c comun|o+ocs |oc+|s omcn-
tc +ss|m um+ 'mcg+c|cnc|+' o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ooc|+ +ou|||| c+|+tc| |co|t|vo c |ntcg|+oo|

^ |o|mu|+io oc o||ct||zcs oc +ocs |ntcg|+o+s ocvc ncccss+||+mcntc |cv+| cm cons|oc|+io um
con,unto oc |n|c|+t|v+s uc |nc|u+
+ C++c|t+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos cm tooos os n|vc|s (+o|o tccn|co |n|c|+io c|cnt|c+
os-g|+ou+io os-oouto|+oo) cm numc|o suc|cntc +|+ cn||cnt+| o ocs+o c g+|+n-
t|+ oc |ccu|sos +|+ o +|ovc|t+mcnto cm c+|+tc| c|m+ncntc oos |oss|on+|s |o|m+-
oos +os u+o|os |nst|tuc|on+|s
+:o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
. ^|oc+io oc |ccu|sos suc|cntcs +|+ cxccuio oc |nvcnt+||os scgunoo |ocnt|c+io
|cv|+ oc +|c+s |cg|ocs c g|uos t+xonom|cos c+|cntcs oc |n|o|m+io |csonocnoo +
ucstocs c|cnt|c+s |ocnt|c+o+s c|os g|uos oc csu|s+ c scgu|noo |otoco|os mcto-
oo|og|cos +ocu+oos + c+o+ s|tu+io
||ov|sio oc cono|ocs +ocu+o+s c c|m+ncntcs oc cst|utu|+s ||s|c+s c cu|+mcntos
ncccss+||os +|+ g+|+nt|| o +cono|c|on+mcnto c |csc|v+io c|m+ncntc o+s +most|+s
b|o|og|c+s cx|stcntcs bcm como +s |ovcn|cntcs oc novos t|+b+||os oc c+mo
| C||+io o+s no|m+s |cg+|s u+nto |o||co+oc |ntc|cctu+| oc |n|o|m+ocs gc|+o+s o|
|o,ctos cm cxccuio t+nto no uc t+ngc +o csu|s+oo| u+nto |nst|tu|io
, Cc|+io oc con|cc|mcntos oc |o|m+ +utonom+ c |noccnocntc |csc|t+noo + c++c|-
t+io c cscc|+||z+io oos csu|s+oo|cs c o+s |nst|tu|ocs cxccuto|+s
e Ccstio +utonom+ oo +cc|vo ||s|co c o+ |n|o|m+io c|cnt|c+ +g|cg+o+ +os cscc|mcs
bcm como o+ su+ t|+ns|o|m+io cm b+ncos oc o+oos ncccss+||os +o gc|cnc|+mcnto
cu|+to||+| c o+ o||t|c+ |nst|tuc|on+| oc o|son|b|||z+io +|+ |ntc|cmb|o
Com + n+||o+oc oc cxccut+| css+s +ocs cm mb|to n+c|on+| sc|+ ncccss+||o cnvo|vc| +s |ns-
t|tu|ocs uc octcm +cc|vos soc|o-+mb|cnt+|s cm um contcxto oc +utonom|+ c cooc|+io
b+sc+oo cm +o|ocs c|cnt|cos tccn|cos ct|cos c |cg+|s com|omct|oos com + mc||o||+ s|gn|-
c+t|v+ oo con|cc|mcnto sob|c + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc + cxccuio oc cono|ocs +ocu+o+s oc |n||+-cs-
t|utu|+ + oss|b|||o+oc oc |c|tu|+ ocsscs +cc|vos n+ |csost+ s ocm+no+s oc||v+o+s o+ |csc|v+-
io oos +mb|cntcs n+tu|+|s c + +m|+ o|sscm|n+io o+ |n|o|m+io c|cnt|c+mcntc u+||c+o+
6. Proposta de um Censo da Biodiversidade Amaznica
|cccntcmcntc csu|s+oo|cs oos ||^ |ousc|+m um |o,cto g|ob+| oc cstuoo o+ b|oo|vc|-
s|o+oc c|+m+oo oc '|+|omctc| o| |||c' (tu+|t ct +| ) cm +o|io + |o,ctos com|cmcnt+-
|cs como o '|cc o| |||c' o 'c |ncyc|oco|+ o| |||c' ||st+ Vc|mc||+ oc |scc|cs cm |xt|nio
uc sio |n|c|+t|v+s const|u|o+s +|+ oocumcnt+| c |c|+c|on+| too+s +s cscc|cs con|cc|o+s (+,
m|||ocs) O |og|+m+ |oosto v|s+ mon|to|+| +eo m|| cscc|cs |cv|+mcntc ocn|o+s como
||+gc|s cm tc|mos oc otcnc|+| oc cxt|nio c t|++| um |og|+m+ oc m+nutcnio oos ccoss|s-
tcm+s +ssoc|+oos cntcnocnoo-sc uc +ocs |ntcg|+o+s oss+m t+mbcm mc||o|+| os sc|v|os
+mb|cnt+|s o|c|cc|oos c|os ccoss|stcm+s os u+|s sio csscnc|+|s +|+ g+|+nt|| + |oout|v|o+oc
g|ob+| t+nto oc +mcn|z+io oo c||m+ como oc s|stcm+s +g||co|+s O custo +|+| cxccut+| cstc
|o,cto sc||+ + oc | m|||ocs
+:)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
^ |oost+ uc cst+bc|cccmos +u| c um mov|mcnto cm to|no oc um |og|+m+ oc |cv+nt+-
mcnto o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c|+m+oo oc Ccnso o+ ||oo|vc|s|o+oc ^m+zon|c+ +co|+oo + um s|stc-
m+ |ntcg|+oo oc cxco|ocs c|cnt|c+s |+|+ |+zc| |+cc o|+ntc oo ocs+o |cmcntc oc |nc|cmcn-
t+| o con|cc|mcnto o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |+ + ncccss|o+oc oc cooc|+io n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+|
cu|||b|+o+ c cocs+ |ooc-sc obsc|v+| uc g|+noc +|tc oos |nvcnt+||os b|o|og|cos cst+ ||sto||c+-
mcntc conccnt|+o+ no uocstc c u| oo ||+s|| |+ ^m+zon|+ o m+|s ||co c o|vc|so com|cxo oc
ccoss|stcm+s nio c onoc sc conccnt|+ o m+|o| vo|umc oc cs|o|o +most|+| cgunoo cscc|+||s-
t+s b|+s||c||os + m+|o| +|tc oo uc tcmos |o,c sob|c c|o+ oc b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c c|utc' |+z-sc
ncccss+||o subst|tu|| o g|+u oc |ncc|tcz+ o| c|cnc|+ O con|cc|mcnto +tu+| c b+sc |uno+mcnt+|
+|+ ||o||z+| c b+||z+| os |occssos oc ocu+io c convc|sio o+s +|s+gcns n+tu|+|s c +|tc|+o+s
Con|cc|mcnto o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +com+n|+ +| + +sso os |og|+m+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|cg|on+| ûmcnt+| |n|o|m+ocs sob|c |occssos cco|og|cos +t|c|+oos + |+to|cs como o c||m+ c
t+x+s oc +|tc|+io oc +mb|cntcs n+tu|+|s c um+ cst|+tcg|+ |uno+mcnt+| +|+ c|+bo|+| ccn+||os
oc |oouio +g||co|+ +co|+oos s muo+n+s g|ob+|s |+vo|cccnoo t+mbcm o |+nc,+mcnto oc
tc|||to||os sustcnt+vc|s (V|c||+ ct +| .oo,) |io sc ooc csc|+| uc cx|st+ um+ co||c|+io ||nc+|
cnt|c + c|o+ oc b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c ||+g|||o+oc nos s|stcm+s b|ot|cos
||+ntc oo u+o|o cs+c|+| o+s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io n+ ^m+zon|+ c + |+|t+ oc |og|+m+s
oc |cv+nt+mcnto c mon|to|+mcnto oo contcuoo o+s cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s cx|stcntcs ncss+s |cs-
cct|v+s +|c+s um onto |mo|t+ntc oc +n+||sc sc||+ c||+| |ntc|csscs c oo|tun|o+ocs +|+ uc
|nst|tu|ocs oc tooo o +|s sc |csons+b|||z+sscm c|+ gc|+io oc con|cc|mcntos oc um+ octc|-
m|n+o+ |cg|io |xcm|os como + cst+ocs c|cnt|c+s gc|cnc|+o+s c|o |uscu Coc|o| |nst|tuto
|+m||+u+ c |||^ most|+m + |mo|tnc|+ c + v+nt+gcm cm |oouz|| |n|o|m+io c gc|+| con|c-
c|mcnto uc oss+m sc| utc|s +|+ |+nos oc m+nc,o oc +|c+s n+tu|+|s c +s g|+nocs un|vc|s|-
o+ocs b|+s||c||+s com +gcno+s oc csu|s+ n+c|on+| como + |||| || c |n| sc mob|||z+sscm
,unto + o|gios o|c|+|s |coc|+|s c cst+ou+|s n+ ^m+zon|+ ooc||+m sc| o|g+n|z+oos |og|+m+s oc
cstuoos o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc oc |ongo |+zo uc ,untos com ||Cs cm +no+mcnto |og|+m+s oo
|C +|+ + ^m+zon|+ c +gcno+s o+s |nst|tu|ocs |cg|on+|s ooc||+ sc| um |mo|t+ntc |ccu|so
oc gc|cnc|+mcnto c |+nc,+mcnto |cg|on+| |stcs o+oos ooc||+m sc| +g|cg+oos cm |n|c|+t|v+s
oc gcstio oo con|cc|mcnto ub||co |oouz|oo + cxcm|o oo uc oco||c no |C|^| no ||C|
n+ C||| n+ |mb|++ no |||| n+s +gcnc|+s |cgu|+oo|+s c |o,ctos cscc|+|s
O +|s tcm cxc||cnc|+ oc succsso cm o|g+n|z+| |og|+m+s n+c|on+|s oc vu|to +|+ o con|cc|-
mcnto |cg|on+| O |^|^| c o Ccnso |cmog|+co oo ||C| sio |concs ocstc cs|o|o Custos
oc|+c|on+|s gc|+|mcntc c+us+m |ct|+io o| +|tc oc gcsto|cs num ||mc||o momcnto |nt|c-
t+nto cxcm|os +ont+oos +c|m+ ocmonst|+m uc + const|uio oc |cocs |nst|tuc|on+|s com
+o|o oc s|stcm+s oc |n|o|m+io c |n||+-cst|utu|+ +ocu+oos cm tc|mos oc |ccu|sos comut+-
c|on+|s c oss|vc| cst|utu|+| um |og|+m+ cst|+tcg|co com custos oc|+c|on+|s cono|zcntcs com
o cs|o|o c vo|umc oc |n|o|m+io + sc| +ou|||oo
+:s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O |+nc,+mcnto c |m|+nt+io oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s +|+ + consc|v+io c uso sustcnt+vc| o+
o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ n+ |cg|io +m+zon|c+ so||cm oc um+ sc||c oc cnt|+vcs scnoo um oos ||n-
c|+|s oc|cs + b+|x+ u+||o+oc o+s b+scs oc o+oos sob|c + ||ucz+ b|o|og|c+ oo b|om+ ^m+zon|+
|sso sc ocvc ||nc|+|mcntc +o ocscon|cc|mcnto sob|c + |c+| ||ucz+ oc cscc|cs c su+s |cscct|-
v+s o|st||bu|ocs gcog|+c+s n+ |cg|io occo||cntcs oc um numc|o +|no+ |nsuc|cntc oc cstuoos
||cntc g|+noc c com|cx+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ^m+zon|c+
^ss|m um |og|+m+ oc cxco|ocs b|o|og|c+s to|n+-sc |uno+mcnt+| +|+ |c+||z+| o Ccnso o+
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |cg|on+| +| |og|+m+ sc||+ cst+bc|cc|oo cm comoncntcs ||nc|+|s
Componente +. |nvcnt+||os b|o|og|cos
Componente :. |nc|cmcnto c mooc|n|z+io o+s co|cocs b|o|og|c+s
Componente ,. |cv|socs t+xonom|c+s oc g|uos b|o|og|cos o|vc|sos com b+sc no
m+tc||+| co|ct+oo
|stc |o,cto tcm su+ |nsc|io n+ |oost+ oc csu|s+ sob|c c|||to||os ustcnt+vc|s +|cscnt+-
o+ o| V|c||+ ct +| () Con|o|mc csscs +uto|cs o concc|to b+s|co c o oc uc sc oss+ |+nc,+|
o cs+o +t|+vcs oc 'mos+|co oc usos oc tc||+ com|cmcnt+|cs gc|cnc|+oos oc |o|m+ |ntcg|+o+
uc c|m|t+ m+ntc| t+nto + o|nm|c+ oos |occssos cco|og|cos como + o|nm|c+ soc|o-cco-
nom|c+ oc um octc|m|n+oo tc|||to||o Out|o +sccto |c|cv+ntc c com|ccnoc| +s tcnocnc|+s
+tu+|s oc |o|m+s oc uso oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s |ocnt||c+noo o +c| o+s |cocs soc|+|s t|+,cto||+s
|oout|v+s com um+ +n+||sc o+s tccn|c+s otcnc|+|s oc |oouio ^s +t|v|o+ocs |oout|v+s oc-
vc||+m cst+| cm consonnc|+ com +|tc|n+t|v+s |nov+oo|+s |ov|o+s ||nc|+|mcntc c|+ +c+oc-
m|+ vo|t+o+s + |couz|| |m+ctos ||+ntc ocstc contcxto c ncccss+||o cntcnoc| uc +s +|s+gcns
+m+zon|c+s oocm sc| c|+ss|c+o+s scgunoo scu uso c ocst|n+io Onoc cx|stcm o|cst+s c +|-
s+gcns n+tu|+|s + +io ||mo|o|+| c + consc|v+io c |csc|v+io out|+ g|+noc o|io o+ |cg|io
,+ +|tc|+o+ uc sc||+ ocst|n+o+ |cconvc|sio n+s +|c+s ocsm+t+o+s c out|+ o|io ncccss|t+||+
||nc|+|mcntc oc +t|v|o+ocs oc m+nc,o c uso |+c|on+| oo cs+o |oout|vo | |ntc|css+ntc |||s+|
uc m+|s oc m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs ,+ sio +|c+s +|tc|+o+s
Con|o|mc C+m+ Vc||o () |c|+t+m uc o ocs+|o c u|gcntc 'o|uc sc s+bc uc o cstuoo
o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +m+zon|c+ nio c oss|vc| scm + cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| ^ cx|gcnc|+ cm
tc|mos oc |ccu|sos n+ncc||os |um+nos c m+tc||+|s +|+ cst+ t+|c|+ c oc t+| o|mcnsio uc c
|moss|vc| +|cm oc |nocsc,+vc| uc o ||+s|| oss+ |c+||z+-|+ |so|+o+mcntc'
||+ntc o+ s|tu+io cm uc + soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ o|scutc + |mo|tnc|+ c ncccss|o+oc cm sc
|ctom+| os |og|+m+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| |nc|u|noo um+ nov+ +n+||sc o+ congu|+-
io oc tc|||to||os c |cg|ocs +|+ mc||o| +om|n|st|+| os |ccu|sos ub||cos + |n|o|m+io sob|c os
+:,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
comoncntcs o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc o|+ntc o+s v+||+s |cssocs nos ccoss|stcm+s c +|s+gcns n+tu|+|s
n+ ^m+zon|+ to|n+-sc cst|+tcg|c+ c ||o||t+||+ ^|gumcntos +|cscnt+oos c|os v+||os c+mos
o+s C|cnc|+s |+tu|+|s c o+s |um+n+s most|+m uc oom|n+| +s |n|o|m+ocs sob|c o mc|o +m-
b|cntc c |uno+mcnt+| +|+ mc||o| t|+b+||o oc gcstio c o||t|c+s ub||c+s sob|c o uso oo tc|||-
to||o n+s v+||+s csc+|+s oc +n+||sc |o||t|c+s oc consc|v+io b|o|og|c+ +t|c|+o+s s +t|v|o+ocs oc
|oouio |u|+| coc|cntcs com usos |+c|on+|s oc |ccu|sos ocvcm sc| cmb+s+o+s cm um+ c|cnc|+
|obust+ c con+vc| ^ s|tu+io +tu+| most|+ uc + comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ b|+s||c||+ conscguc sc
o|g+n|z+| c cst|utu|+| +t|+vcs oc um |og|+m+ n+c|on+| c +b|+ngcntc uc ooc sc to|n+| |c|c-
|cnc|+ muno|+| n+ gcstio oc ccoss|stcm+s t|o|c+|s um oos m+|s ||cos c o|vc|sos oo |+nct+ O
ocs+o uc + ^m+zon|+ +|cscnt+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+| cont|nu+ tio
ocs++oo| u+nto nos tcmos o+s ||mc||+s cxco|ocs oos n+tu|+||st+s
+,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
Referncias
^|vcs | c|cncc +no tcc|no|ogy +no sust+|n+b|c ocvc|omcnt |n ||+z|||+n ^m+zon |n c st+b|-
||ty o| t|o|c+| |+|n|o|cst m+|g|ns ||n||ng cco|og|c+| +no soc|+| const|+|nts o| |+no usc +no consc|v+-
t|on sc|+|nt|c C |cusc|nc| | zc||c| | Cu|+|o,+ +no | |||o|n (cos) ||ngc| Vc||+g -
|cc|c| | .oo+ |cv|sio o+s o||t|c+s oc ocu+io o+ ^m+zon|+ c oss|vc| |ocnt|c+| mooc|os +|+ |o-
,ct+| ccn+||os |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s -
________ ^m+zon|+ Ccoo||t|c+ n+ v||+o+ oo ||| m||cn|o C+|+mono |n|vc|s|t+||+ |o ||o oc |+-
nc||o +es
|||| .o+o ^m+zon|+ cm |cb+tc oo|tun|o+ocs ocs+os c so|uocs ||o oc |+nc||o .o;
|uc|c||ogc | .oos ||o|og|+ c |uo+n+s C||m+t|c+s no ||+s|| (O|g+n|z+oo|) |o|to|+ |||^ io C+||os
||+s|| .,,
CC|| |m |o,cto +|+ + ^m+zon|+ no sccu|o ocs+|os c cont||bu|ocs ||+s|||+
C||s|no | | V |+stos || o|coo ^s o||gcns oo |uscu |+|+cnsc |m|||o Coc|o| - ^scctos ||s-
to||cos c |conog|+cos |c|cm |+|+-+tu |+.
|c+|ns|oc | ^s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s g|ob+|s c + |o|cst+ +m+zon|c+ (|n) ||o|og|+ c |uo+n+s C||m+-
t|c+s no ||+s|| (| |uc|c||ogc O|g) |o|to|+ |||^ io C+||os ||+s|| -
|+|scn | C ^ |ob|c .oo; C|+||cngcs o| conncct|ng |ntc|n+t|on+| sc|cncc +no |oc+| |cvc| sust+|n+b|-
||ty co|ts t|c c+sc o| t|c |+|gc-c+|c ||os|c|c-^tmos|c|c |xc||mcnt |n ^m+zon|+ |nv||on-
mcnt+| c|cncc |o||cy -
|oc|s | C c C Cm+|+ .oo+ |ooc|os c ccn+||os +|+ + ^m+zon|+ o +c| o+ c|cnc|+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tc-
g|c+s -
|oc||c C .oo. Con|tos oc |ntc|cssc no o|ocn+mcnto tc|||to||+| o+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ |stuoos
^v+n+oos () -
|+|o |C ^ |||CO c o |o,cto oc c||+io oc um |+bo|+to||o c|cnt||co |ntc|n+c|on+| n+ ^m+zo-
n|+ |stuoos ^v+n+oos () -
||OC||z |uscu |+|+cnsc oc ||sto||+ |+tu|+| c |tnog|+|+ |.coac |s:c.c8ca.c aas C
ò.as aa :aaae oc 8as' ,.,,o)Casa ae Os.a'ac Ca / |c.a |tt;;wwwo|c||sto||+s+uoc
cococ|uzb|)
|uncs ||O |^||vc||+ ^ | V+| .oos O Con|cc|mcnto n+ ^m+zon|+ ^n+||sc sob|c + soc|+||z+io o+
C|cnc|+ ccno|og|+ c |nov+io |V |ncont|o |+c|on+| o+ ^|||^ .o
|os+oo ^ C | ||+noio | C+noott| |CC V|c||+ | O +||cs | +v+|cs | \|no|sc| | | o|coo +no
^ | ^zcvcoo Cu|o|ng ||nc||cs |o| t|c o|+|t|ng o| + o||cy |o| co||cct|ons m+n+gcmcnt
+,+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
|csc+|c| +no o|sscm|n+t|on o| ||+z|||+n b|oo|vc|s|ty |n|o|m+t|on |n ||oo|vc|s|ty - c |cg+sc|cncc
|n |ocus co ||o oc |+nc||o |uscu |+c|on+| -
||v+ | | .oo; Cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| cm C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ oo|tun|o+ocs c ||scos |cv ||+s
|o| |nt ,o(+) ,-.s
tu+|t | |O \||son |^|c|c||y |^ ||ttc|mc|c| +no || |oo||gucz c b+|omctc| o| |||c
c|cncc
V|c||+ | C C | | ||v+ || o|coo .oo, |st|+tcg|+s +|+ cv|t+| + c|o+ oc ||oo|vc|s|o+oc n+ ^m+zon|+
|stuoos ^v+n+oos v ()-
\c|gc| | .oo+ O +c| o+ c|cnc|+ no |utu|o o+ ^m+zon|+ um+ ucstio oc cst|+tcg|+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tc-
g|c+s -
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
Relatrio da sesso Amaznia
Alberto Cardoso Arruda
^ +bc|tu|+ o+ scssio |o| |c+||z+o+ c|o |o|csso| |+|c|||o oc ||c|t+s |cs|ocntc o+ scssio com +
+|cscnt+io oc c+o+ um oos +|cst|+ntcs |m scgu|o+ o |o|csso| |||ocb|+noo |o| conv|o+oo
+|+ +|cscnt+| su+ +|cst|+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ +|+ + +uoc ^ ||ob|cm+t|c+ ^m+zon|c+
(v|st+ oc |onoon|+)
O |o|csso| |||ocb|+noo |n|c|ou comcnt+noo o mooc|o +tu+| oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+-
zon|+ |cv+ntou + ucstio o+ s+uoc no ||+s|| c n+ ^m+zon|+ Com+|ou + cxcct+t|v+ oc v|o+
cm o|vc|sos +|scs most|+noo uc o ||+s|| cncont|+-sc cm ,. |ug+| c uc ocu+ o g|uo ,
comosto o| ,| +|scs com cxcct+t|v+ oc v|o+ cnt|c ;o c ;, +nos u+noo com+|ou os o+-
oos no ||+s|| most|ou uc os cst+oos oo |o|tc c |o|ocstc ocu+m +s |o|cs co|oc+ocs c uc
cnt|c os +m+zon|cos |o|+|m+ ocu+ o u|t|mo |ug+| u+noo sc |c|c||u mo|t+||o+oc |n|+nt||
most|ou o+oos uc +ont+m + ^|||c+ como um cont|ncntc c||t|co c ocst+cou uc n+ ^mc||c+
oo u| + s|tu+io m+|s g|+vc cncont|+-sc n+ |o||v|+ Com |c|+io +o ||+s|| os cst+oos oo |o|-
ocstc +|cscnt+m s|tu+io m+|s ocs|+vo|+vc| c |onoon|+ cncont|+-sc n+ +, os|io |m scgu|-
o+ com+|ou os |no|ccs oc io |+u|o (cxcct+t|v+ oc v|o+ oc so +nos c |no|cc oc mo|t+||o+oc
|n|+nt|| +o;+ooo n+sc|oos v|vos) com os oc |onoon|+ (cxcct+t|v+ oc v|o+ oc +;- eo +nos c |no|cc
oc mo|t+||o+oc |n|+nt|| |o;+ooo n+sc|oos v|vos) C|tou uc +s ocs|gu+|o+ocs uc sc cx|css+m
n+s cono|ocs oc s+uoc +|ct+m csscnc|+|mcntc |cg|ocs oo cm|+||oo |o|ocst|no c + ^m+zon|+
c uc cst+s ocs|gu+|o+ocs sio +ccntu+o+s cm +|c+s |u|+|s c n+s c|||c||+s o+s g|+nocs c|o+ocs
^s c+|cnc|+s sc t|+ouzcm o| occ|cnc|+s n+s cst|utu|+s ||s|c+s oc +tcno|mcnto cm |ccu|sos
+ ||o|csso| o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo |+|+ (|||^)
^|bc|to C+|ooso ^||uo+
+,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|um+nos u+||c+oos oom|nnc|+ oc +to|og|+s |n|ccc|os+s c +|+s|t+||+s c +|no+ ocv|oo + |o-
b|cm+s oc +ss|stcnc|+ m+tc|n|o+oc c + |n|nc|+ ou sc,+ s+uoc b+s|c+
C|+ss|cou +s ocs|gu+|o+ocs cm n|vc|s cons|oc|+noo o + n|vc| oc c|cmcntos |csons+vc|s
como +t|v|o+ocs c |ntc|vcnocs cm s+uoc no ||+s|| sio |co+to||+s oc |ccu|sos ub||cos (|m-
o|t+mos mco|c+mcntos cu|+mcntos s|stcm+s) +o cont|+||o oo uc sc obsc|v+ nos +|scs
ocscnvo|v|oos ||ust|ou + +|m+t|v+ most|+noo o v+|o| +nu+| cm oo|+|cs o+ |oouio |nt|o-
ouz|oo +o ||| cm +|scs |noust||+||z+oos c|+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ c com+|ou o|vc|sos v+-
|o|cs |m conc|usio ocst+cou uc s+uoc n+ u|+ o+ |uc|o +|+ o +|s no ||+s|| cust+ c+|o
^|cscntou como so|uio +|+ u|t|++ss+| o ||mc||o n|vc| oc o|cu|o+ocs ocscnvo|vc| + cs-
u|s+ c|cnt|c+ c tccno|og|c+ cm |ooutos n+tu|+|s como |+|m+cos c cosmct|cos |c||o|+| +
|nst|umcnt+io oc +n+||scs c||n|c+s b|o|og|c+s c u|m|c+s |ooutos b|o|og|cos c |munob|o|o-
g|cos c |ooutos u|m|cos
C|tou out|+ +io ob,ct|v+ o ||n|co|ou|o sob|c ||ooutos |+tu|+|s o+ ||oo|vc|s|o+oc ^t|vos
Cont|+ ^gcntcs oc |ocn+s |cg||gcnc|+o+s c |ocnt|c+io oc ^|vos |o|ccu|+|cs |c+||z+oo cm
|o|to Vc||o c|o |nst|tuto oc |csu|s+ cm |+to|og|+s |o|c+|s (|c+t|o-||oc|uz |o|ocstc) +s-
s+noo + c|t+| |+nt+s o+ |+t+ ^t|nt|c+ c o+ ^m+zon|+ com +t|v|o+ocs b|o|og|c+s com|ov+o+s
Comcntou sob|c + +t|v|o+oc oc o|vc|sos comostos u|m|cos cont|+ tubc|cu|osc c sob|c o b+n-
co oc vcncnos c scc|cocs o||uno+s oc +n|m+|s c scu |mcnso v+|o| comc|c|+| Com+|ou com
v+|o|cs ocstcs |nsumos cm s:es oc cm|cs+s no cxtc||o|
|+ssou + t|+t+| oo .
o
n|vc| oc |ob|cm+s + |cso|vc| +s ocs|gu+|o+ocs |cg|on+|s c soc|+|s |cv+n-
tou + ucstio |+|+ c||m|n+| ocs|gu+|o+ocs |cg|on+|s c soc|+|s c |nvcst|| cm b|otccno|og|+ |no-
v+io c |oout|v|o+oc so com +|t+ tccno|og|+ Ou com cu|+mcntos sost|c+oos c c+|os
Como |csost+ o|ssc uc nio ^|mou uc c ncccss+||o |gu+|mcntc c|cv+| o n|vc| tccn|co o+s
+t|v|o+ocs +g||co|+s ccu+||+s cxt|+t|v+s c +|tcs+n+|s o+ ou|+io |u|+| c o+s c|||c||+s u|-
b+n+s |nov+noo |gu+|mcntc c |nt|oouz|noo nov+s tccno|og|+s |m scgu|o+ most|ou cm m+-
+s cm uc +|c+s sc conccnt|+m +s oocn+s ncg||gcnc|+o+s ocst+c+noo no ||+s|| os cst+oos
oc |onoon|+ c |+to C|osso com+|+noo cst+s +|c+s como o /a.es: +m+zon|co Com+|ou
+|no+ o+oos cconom|cos cnt|c cst+oos b|+s||c||os cscc|+|mcntc cnt|c |onoon|+ c io |+u|o
ocst+c+noo +s ocs|gu+|o+ocs ^|cscntou |numc|os cxcm|os o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +m+zon|c+
ocst+c+noo ||utos c|xcs c |nsctos C|tou como cxcm|o oc succsso + |oouio |noust||+| oc
c+m|s|n|+s com bo||+c|+ co|||o+ o| sc||nguc||os no ^c|c +ntcs o+ mont+gcm oc |+b||c+
o sc||nguc||o vcno|+ bo||+c|+ o| ccnt+vos u||o |o,c +os + |+b||c+ vcnoc o| |c+|s
o u||o (, vczcs m+|s) |cst+cou os v+|o|cs oos |ooutos o+ o|cst+ com+|+noo o v+|o| oo
+|coo| combust|vc| +|+ c+||os |, +s o ||t|o cnu+nto um+ so|uio +|coo||c+ oc csscnc|+ vc-
gct+| ooo|+ntc v+|c |, ,oo o occ|||t|o
|c|+to||o o+ scssio ^m+zon|+
+,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
|cst+cou o , n|vc| como o m+|s |mo|t+ntc o|cu|o+ocs +|+ c||m|n+| +s ocs|gu+|o+ocs
|+|+ x+io oc mio oc ob|+ cscc|+||z+o+ c|cnt|st+s c tccn|cos comctcntcs bcm como +|+
o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc s|stcm+s oc com|cmcnt+io oc s+|+||os c ncccss+||o um cs|o|o c|v|co
oc so||o+||co+oc |cub||c+n+ c |coc|+t|v+ |cst+cou como conc|usio uc como o +ssunto nio
c |ob|cm+ cxc|us|vo o+ s+uoc ocvc||+mos oc|x+| |sso +|+ out|+s scssocs
O |o|csso| ô+|bc|to |n|c|ou + scguno+ +|cst|+ ocst+c+noo + ncccss|o+oc oc m+ntc| + o|cst+
oc c c|t+noo + ucstio o+s ||ontc||+s c oos o||c|tos ^|cscntou um+ sc||c oc o+oos numc||-
cos sob|c + |cg|io ocst+cou o |+to| |um+no c como o ccoss|stcm+ +m+zon|co c cxt|cm+mcntc
com|cxo c oc||c+oo ^|mou +|no+ uc o mooc|o cconom|co |cg|on+| cst+ b+sc+oo no cxt|+-
t|v|smo |co+to||o nio sustcnt+vc| c uc tcnoc + sc cx+u|||
^|mou uc tcmos uc cns+| + ^m+zon|+ com um+ nov+ o||t|c+ oc C uc |+ ncccss|-
o+oc oc novos m+|cos |cgu|+to||os novos |occssos oc x+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos n+ ^m+-
zon|+ |ug|noo oo mooc|o +tu+| b+sc+oo cm bo|s+s oc cstuoo uc cm n+o+ cont||bu| ||ssc uc
c ncccss+||+ um+ |cvo|uio c|cnt|c+ +|+ + ^m+zon|+ uc |omov+ + |ntcg|+io |cg|on+| c uc
c |m|csc|no|vc| |ccns+| um g|+noc |o,cto +|+ + ^m+zon|+
C|tou tooos os |+to|cs uc |cv+m +o g|+noc ocs+o cst|utu|+| +|+ + |cg|io cnt|c c|cs comun|-
c+io |n|ov|+s o|st||bu|io oc cnc|g|+ m+||+ v|+||+ s+uoc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ s|stcm+ oc |o-
tcio cont|+ o ocsm+t+mcnto
|cst+cou + |ocnt|o+oc |cg|on+| c|t+noo + g|+noc |mo|tnc|+ oo con|cc|mcnto +ou|||oo c-
|os +m+zon|o+s uc |cs|ocm |ongc oos m+|o|cs ccnt|os C|+mou +tcnio +|+ o ||| gc|+oo c|+
|cg|io (s/) c o uc |cto|n+ como |nvcst|mcntos (,/)
|+ssou + o+| ocst+uc +|+ o cns+| + ^m+zon|+ +|cscnt+noo + scgu|ntc |oost+ c||+| +s con-
o|ocs +|+ um cns+| cont|nuo c conscucntc sob|c + ^m+zon|+ +mb|cnt+| cconom|c+ c soc|+|
^s mot|v+ocs +|+ t+| cnvo|vcm
^ ^m+zon|+ |cuc| um+ o||t|c+ oc C| +|+ +|cm oo +u| c +go|+
Convc|gcnc|+ oc |n|o|m+ocs +|+ um aa:a a o+ ^m+zon|+
||o,ctos n+c|on+|s oc |ongo |+zo +|+ + ^m+zon|+
|ntc||+cc cnt|c +s +|c+s oo s+bc| +|+ nov+s tccno|og|+s
+,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|m scgu|o+ |+|ou sob|c os m+|cos |cgu|+to||os |oonoo +s scgu|ntcs +ocs
|cvc| o +|c+bouo |cg+| +|+ v|+b|||z+| + +u|s|io oc |nsumos +|+ + csu|s+ c|cnt|c+
oot+noo o |occo|mcnto ||c|t+to||o oc |cg|+mcnto cscc|co uc g+|+nt+ cc|c||o+oc c
o|t+nto comct|t|v|o+oc s +t|v|o+ocs oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+
|cvc| o +|c+bouo |cg+| uc no|m+t|z+ o +ccsso s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io b|oo|vc|s|-
o+oc c |cscct|vo +t||mon|o gcnct|co con|o|mc |oos|ocs o+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+
|c+||z+| no cu|to |+zo + con|c|cnc|+ n+c|on+| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +|+ |m+| +s b+scs +|+
um+ o||t|c+ n+c|on+| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
Conccbc| um+ o||t|c+ o||c|cnc|+o+ +|+ + cont|+t+io c x+io oc csso+| u+||c+oo
+|+ +s |nst|tu|ocs oc csu|s+ o+ ^m+zon|+
|+ scucnc|+ |oos um+ |cvo|uio c|cnt|c+ +|+ + ^m+zon|+ |m|+nt+| c |omcn-
t+| |ont+mcntc um+ |cvo|uio c|cnt|c+ n+ ^m+zon|+ com v|st+s |oouio |cgc-
mon|c+ oc |n|o|m+ocs sob|c o b|om+ +|+ |ont+ c s|gn|c+t|v+ |couio oo ocsm+-
t+mcnto |nc|usio soc|+| c gc|+io oc |cno+ O |o|csso| sugc||u |numc|+s +ocs uc
v|+b|||z+m + |oost+
O tcm+ scgu|ntc |o| |ntcg|+io |oo|c|on+| os mc|os ncccss+||os +m||+io o+s +ocs oc c|-
cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ +|+ + |ntcg|+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+
Como +ocs oc sobc|+n|+ |oos o||cc|on+| +ocs n+ +|c+ oc C +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto so-
c|+| cconom|co c +mb|cnt+| com v|st+s + conso||o+| + sobc|+n|+ b|+s||c||+ n+ ^m+zon|+
O |o|csso| ô+|bc|to cncc||ou |c+|m+noo + ncccss|o+oc oc muo+| |+o|c+|mcntc + |o|m+
como + ^m+zon|+ c t|+t+o+ c|o govc|no c su+s |nst|tu|ocs
O |o|csso| ^|bc|to |n|c|ou + tc|cc||+ +|cst|+ ocst+c+noo o g|+u oc con|cc|mcnto uc + ^m+-
zon|+ octcm sob|c s| mcsm+ bcm como o uc o ||+s|| con|ccc sob|c + |cg|io most|+noo + nc-
ccss|o+oc oc +m||+| |+o|c+|mcntc o |nvcst|mcnto cm C| n+ |cg|io |cst+cou uc con|ccc| +
|cg|io c su+s otcnc|+||o+ocs c um+ ucstio oc sobc|+n|+ n+c|on+|
|m scgu|o+ +|cscntou o cst+oo o+ +|tc o+ |cg|io most|+noo uc o mooc|o soc|occonom|co
|m|+nt+oo +tc o |cscntc vcm c+us+noo g|+nocs o+nos |cg|io scm +c|csccnt+| n+o+ +o |+-
b|t+ntc o+ |cg|io |+ mcsm+ |o|m+ uc os +|cst|+ntcs uc o +ntcccoc|+m +|cscntou o+oos
sob|c + g|+nocz+ o+ |cg|io c|t+noo cxcm|os oc c+oc|+s c;ou |ooutos uc sc ocst+c+m como
oc g|+noc v+|o| cconom|co c|t+noo o cu|+|c o ,+bo|+no| + co+|b+ + +no||ob+ o ++| o cub|u
o c+mu-c+mu c o c+m+u
+,)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
|+ scucnc|+ most|ou uc + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc u+noo |cv+o+ + sc||o c bcm t|+b+||+o+ gc|+ ||u-
tos oc g|+noc v+|o| cconom|co o+noo como cxcm|o o ||mc||o mco|c+mcnto gc|+oo + +|t||
oc um+ |+nt+ c|v+ b+|cc||+ uc sc|vc oc b+sc +|+ o mco|c+mcnto con|cc|oo como ^c|c+n`
|+noo cont|nu|o+oc c|tou oo|s cstuoos o| c|c |c+||z+oos sob cncomcno+ oo Ccnt|o oc Ccstio
c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||) os u+|s con|m+|+m +s ||nc|+|s voc+ocs o+ |cg|io cosmct|-
cos c totc|+|cos ^|cscntou um+ sc||c oc o+oos most|+noo + v|+b|||o+oc ocst+s c+oc|+s n+
|cg|io c +|+ |n+||z+| most|ou +s +ocs ,+ |m|cmcnt+o+s uc vcm |nccnt|v+noo csu|s+s nos
tcm+s |o| m ocst+cou uc u+noo |+ vont+oc o||t|c+ c oss|vc| + |m|cmcnt+io oc +ocs
uc |omov+m o ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+|
O |o|csso| |+|c|||o |n|c|ou + u+|t+ +|cscnt+io ocst+c+noo + ucstio o+ +ss|mct||+ c|t+noo
uc C tcm uc sc| um o||c|to oc tooos os b|+s||c||os c +|+ |sso c ncccss+||o muo+n+s n+s
+c+ocm|+s +mbcm tcccu c||t|c+s +o mooc|o oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| +tu+|
O +|cst|+ntc ocst+cou + |mo|tnc|+ o+ ^m+zon|+ +|+ o ||+s|| o uc const|tu| un+n|m|o+oc
n+c|on+| |css+ |cg|io cncont|+-sc um+ o+s m+|o|cs b|oo|vc|s|o+ocs muno|+|s +;, o+s |csc|-
v+s muno|+|s oc o|cst+s t|o|c+|s +;, o+ +gu+ oocc suc|c|+| oo |+nct+ convc|g|noo +|+ o
m+|o| c m+|s vo|umoso ||o oo munoo +|cm oc sc const|tu|| cnt|o+oc ||s|c+ |c|cv+ntc n+s cst+b|||-
o+ocs tc|moo|nm|c+ c c||m+t|c+ oos |occssos +tmos|c||cos cm csc+|+ g|ob+| ^ ^m+zon|+ b|+-
s||c||+ c |o|m+o+ c|os cst+oos oo ^m+zon+s ^c|c |+|+ ^m++ |o|+|m+ |onoon|+ oc+nt|ns
+|tcs oos cst+oos oo |+|+n|io c |+to C|osso tot+||z+noo |,s;.|;|m. ,;, oo tc|||to||o b|+-
s||c||o c .;, o+ ^mc||c+ oo u| uc co||csonoc + +;.o o+ suc|||c|c tc||cst|c +;, o+s o|cst+s
t|o|c+|s muno|+|s c +;, o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc cm tc||+ so||o+ oo |+nct+ |csscs novc cst+oos |+b|-
t+m .| m|||ocs oc csso+s |;+ooo o+ ou|+io muno|+| com m+|s oc eo/ ocsscs |+b|t+ntcs
mo|+noo cm +|c+s u|b+n+s ocnt|c os u+|s +e, ovos |no|gcn+s uc tot+||z+m .o| m|| csso+s
ou eo/ o+ ou|+io |no|gcn+ b|+s||c||+ ^ ^m+zon|+ t+mbcm +|cscnt+ com|cx+ ||o|og|++
com m+|s oc ,oooo u||omct|os oc ||os n+vcg+vc|s ,o/ oo otcnc|+| ||o|c|ct||co oo ||+s|| +.
m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs oc v+|zc+s g|+noc otcnc|+| m+oc||c||o c |ontc oc b|om+ss+ ++.so |m oc
||ontc||+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s c ||c+s |csc|v+s m|nc|+|s
^ |nst|tuc|on+||z+io oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s n+ ^m+zon|+ cm cscc|+| oc um+ o||t|c+ oc |st+oo
oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io cx|gc + |m|+nt+io oc mooc|os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcn-
t+vc|s |ntcg|+oos s su+s com|cx|o+ocs cu|tu|+|s cco|og|c+s c soc|occonom|c+s c com|omc-
t|oos com su+ |ntcg|+io |cg|on+| c n+c|on+| c com + |m|+nt+io oc cst|utu|+s c tccno|og|+s
soc|+|s +ccss|vc|s + tooos gc|+noo |cno+ v+|o||z+io soc|+| c c|o+o+n|+ +|+ +s su+s ou|+ocs
c |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+| n+ |cg|io
+,s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|o| css+s |+zocs |c|v|no|c+mos os scgu|ntcs com|om|ssos |coc|+t|vos c |cub||c+nos o+ o||t|c+
oc |st+oo oc C| com +s o||t|c+s ub||c+s o+ ^m+zon|+
+ |ob|||z+| + soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ +|+ |c+|m+| + |mo|tnc|+ o+ c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ como
|occsso oc |um+n|z+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|occonom|co o+ ^m+zon|+ c oo ||+s||
. |nvcst|| |, + t||||io n+ o||t|c+ oc C| o||cc|on+o+ |ntcg|+io |cg|on+| c n+c|on+| o+
^m+zon|+ +o |o,cto n+c|on+| ou|+ntc -
, C+|+nt|| + sobc|+n|+ c |nst|tuc|on+||z+| + |cscn+ oo |st+oo n+c|on+| n+ |cg|io com
|ntcg|+io ocsccnt|+||z+io c |ntc||o||z+io o+s +gcnc|+s cst+ou+|s c |coc|+|s oc |+-
nc,+mcnto c cxccuio oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s c oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|occonom|co o+
^m+zon|+ c o |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+ cooc|+io cnt|c o ||+s|| c os +|scs +m+zon|cos o|
mc|o oc cm|ccno|mcntos oc C|
| |||o||z+| |nvcst|mcntos cm C| +|t|cu|+oos s o||t|c+s ub||c+s oc couc+io s+uoc
t|+nso|tc +b+stcc|mcnto c scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| |ntcg|+o+ +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| |+b|t+-
io |nc|usio o|g|t+| c +os mcc+n|smos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto ||mo n+ ^m+zon|+
, ^cc|c|+| o |occsso oc |ntcg|+io oos cst+oos +m+zon|cos +o s|stcm+ n+c|on+| oc |o-
ouio o|st||bu|io c uso oc c|ct||c|o+oc c +o uso sustcnt+vc| oc |ontcs +|tc|n+t|v+s oc
cnc|g|+ c c||+| tccno|og|+s soc|+|s uc +sscgu|cm o +ccsso o+s ou|+ocs |ntc||o|+n+s
s |cocs o|g|t+|s oc comun|c+io c |n|o|m+io |cg|on+|s n+c|on+|s c muno|+|s
e |m|+nt+| ccnt|os oc o|+gnost|co c cont|o|c oc ocsm+t+mcnto ||cg+| c uso o+ tc||+ c
um+ o||t|c+ ub||c+ cm sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s |ntcg|+o+ ^m+zon|+ com + |ccuc|+io
oc +|c+s ocg|+o+o+s consc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos c + m|t|g+io
o+s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
; |m|cmcnt+| o zonc+mcnto |co|og|co-|conom|co c c||+| mcc+n|smos cst|utu|+ntcs
uc +m||cm c |nco|o|cm m+|s comct|t|v|o+oc s m+t||zcs |noust||+|s c s m+t||zcs
|oout|v+s o+ |cg|io
s ^sscgu|+| + |o|m+io c|cnt|c+ c os o||c|tos const|tuc|on+|s +os ovos |no|gcn+s c s
comun|o+ocs t|+o|c|on+|s c |omovc| + cu|o+oc soc|+| cons|oc|+noo gcnc|o gc|+io
|++ c|+ssc soc|+| c ctn|+
, |m|+nt+| |+t+|o|m+ tccno|og|c+ +|+ o uso c |csc|v+io o+ +gu+ cm tooos os ccnt|os
u|b+nos c |u|+|s o+ ^m+zon|+ ||o||z+noo mcc+n|smos oc |ntcg|+io o+ b+c|+ ||o||c+
+,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^m+zon|+
+n-+m+zon|c+ |cv|t+||z+| o s|stcm+ +c|oo|tu+||o o+ ^m+zon|+ ||o||z+noo su+ |ntc-
g|+io mun|c|+| |cg|on+| c n+c|on+| c su+ |ntc|||g+io moo+| c |ooo+c|ouv|+|
+o |nst|tuc|on+||z+| |og|+m+ n+c|on+| oc o||usio c ou|+||z+io o+ C| ccnt|+oo n+
^m+zon|+
|stcs |cssuostos const|tucm + b+sc oc novos |o,ctos c |og|+m+s oc C| +|+ + const|uio
oc um+ ^m+zon|+ sustcnt+vc| con|o|mc com|ccnsio oo |stcm+ oc C|cnc|+ oc ccno|og|+ oo
|st+oo oo ^m+zon+s
|ncc||+o+s +s +|cscnt+ocs |o|+m |n|c|+oos os ocb+tcs tcnoo s|oo |o|mu|+o+s |numc|+s c|gun-
t+s + tooos os +|cst|+ntcs uc ocnt|o oo tcmo |cst+ntc csc|+|ccc|+m +s ouv|o+s o+ +sscmb|c|+
Parte
8lodlversldade
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
O acesso biodiversidade antes e depois da
Conveno da Diversidade Biolgica (CDB)
|+ occ+o+ oc +,so o +ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ c|+ coo|ocn+oo c|o Consc||o |+c|on+|
oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto C|cnt|co c ccno|og|co (C||) c +s |nst|tu|ocs uc ocsc,+v+m co|ct+|
+most|+s t|n|+m um+ |ot|n+ |c|+t|v+mcntc s|m|cs m+s |csons+vc| |o Ccnt|o |+c|on+| oc |c-
cu|sos Ccnct|cos o+ |m|cs+ ||+s||c||+ oc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+ (Ccn+|gcn;|mb|++) uc mc
+co||cu como csu|s+oo| +|+ const|u|| + cngcn|+||+ gcnct|c+ oc |+nt+s cm +,s+ |+v|+ um
g|+noc m++ oo ||+s|| tooo csct+oo com +|nctcs uc +ss|n+|+v+m +s cxco|ocs oc co|ct+ oc
|+nt+s uc |o|+m |c|t+s c|os botn|cos oo ccnt|o + tooos os ccoss|stcm+s b|+s||c||os ocsoc
+,;| u+noo o Ccn+|gcn |o| |uno+oo |o|+m ||tc|+|mcntc ccntcn+s oc cxco|ocs oc co|ct+s
|m +,,o no govc|no +|ncy |o| |omu|g+oo o |cc|cto n ,ss,o uc cst+bc|cc|+ |cg|+s +|+
cxco|ocs cm uc +|t|c|+sscm cst|+ngc||os |m |+no oc t|+b+||o c|+ +|cscnt+oo +o C||
+|+ +|ov+io |o m+tc||+| co|ct+oo (+|+ ns c|cnt|cos) um+ ou||c+t+ ocvc||+ sc| oc|x+o+
no ||+s|| sob + |csons+b|||o+oc oo o|gio +|cc||o o+ |nst|tu|io cst|+ngc||+ cm cst+ +|cc||+
um+ |nst|tu|io cst|+ngc||+ nio oo|+ co|ct+| ||v|cmcntc
^ Convcnio sob|c ||vc|s|o+oc ||o|og|c+ (C||) c um oos ||nc|+|s |csu|t+oos o+ Con|c|cnc|+
o+s |+ocs |n|o+s +|+ o |c|o ^mb|cntc c o |cscnvo|v|mcnto (||o ,.) |c+||z+o+ no ||o oc |+-
nc||o cm ,un|o oc +,,. ^ C|| c||ou um novo concc|to cm scu +|t|go + O concc|to oc |c+|-
t|io oc bcnc||c|os ||z o +|t|go + o+ C|| uc t|+t+ oos ob,ct|vos o+ convcnio
Os ob,ct|vos ocst+ convcnio + sc|cm cum||oos oc +co|oo com +s o|sos|ocs c|t|ncntcs
sio + consc|v+io o+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ + ut|||z+io sustcnt+vc| oc scus comoncntcs c
+
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
+ |c+|t|io ,ust+ c cu|t+t|v+ oos bcnc||c|os oc||v+oos o+ ut|||z+io oos |ccu|sos gcnct|cos
mco|+ntc |nc|us|vc o +ccsso +ocu+oo +os |ccu|sos gcnct|cos c + t|+ns|c|cnc|+ +ocu+o+ oc
tccno|og|+s c|t|ncntcs |cv+noo cm cont+ tooos os o||c|tos sob|c t+|s |ccu|sos c tccno|og|+s
c mco|+ntc n+nc|+mcnto +ocu+oo
|o |cmbu|o + C|| cst+bc|ccc uc +s +|tcs cont|+t+ntcs o+ convcnio sio os +|scs |c+|-
m+noo uc os |st+oos;+|scs tcm o||c|tos sobc|+nos sob|c os scus |o||os |ccu|sos b|o|og|-
cos ^ ||nc||o + C|| |o| cntcno|o+ o| tooos como um |nst|umcnto uc g+|+nt|+ +os |st+oos
(+|tcs) sobc|+n|+ sob|c scus |ccu|sos gcnct|cos o uc |o| mu|to os|t|vo +|+ +|scs mcg+o|vc|-
sos como o ||+s|| uc sc +|cssou + +ss|n+-|+ cm ||mc||o |ug+| |gn|c+v+ o|zc| uc n|ngucm
ooc||+ |+zc| uso oc |ccu|sos gcnct|cos oo ||+s|| scm |c+|t|| bcnc||c|os com o ||+s|| onoc cstcs
|ccu|sos gcnct|cos tc||+m s|oo obt|oos |nt|ct+nto n+ cs|c|+ oo |xccut|vo comcou + |osc|+|
um cs|o|o oc ut|||z+| o ||nc||o o+ |c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os +|+ uc cstc ||nc||o |ossc |nco|-
o|+oo + um+ |cg|s|+io n+c|on+| |m +ntc|o,cto +|+ g+|+nt|| + |c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os +|+
octcnto|cs oc con|cc|mcntos t|+o|c|on+|s |o| c|+bo|+oo c|+ cntio scn+oo|+ |+||n+ ||v+ com
+ |ntcnio oc +sscgu|+| s comun|o+ocs t|+o|c|on+|s cstcs o||c|tos uc +ss|m tc||+m +ccsso + bc-
nc||c|os oc||v+oos o+ ut|||z+io oc |ccu|sos gcnct|cos ^ C+s+ C|v|| coc+ |+v|+ |nst|tu|oo um
g|uo oc t|+b+||o (C) +|+ c|+bo|+| um+ |cg|s|+io n+c|on+| uc nio cont|+||+ssc + C|| |+|-
t|c|c| o+s o|scussocs |io |+v|+ o|sco|onc|+ cnt|c os |ntcg|+ntcs oo C sob|c os ||nc||os o+
C|| |nc|us|vc o oc |c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os m+s um+ |c| n+c|on+| cst+bc|ccc |cg|+s +|+ sc|cm
scgu|o+s cnt|c csso+s ||s|c+s c ,u||o|c+s ^ C|| cst+bc|ccc |cg|+s +|+ sc|cm scgu|o+s cnt|c +s
+|tcs = +|scs ^s o|scussocs no C scgu|+m com |cnt|oio +tc uc um+ mco|o+ |ov|so||+ (||)
|o| +|ov+o+ sob + ||oc|+n+ oo ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) coc+ +|+ conto|-
n+| +io oc um+ o|g+n|z+io soc|+| (O) ocnom|n+o+ ||o+m+zon|+ uc cc|cb|ou com + |ov+|-
t|s um +co|oo oc |osccio oc |ooutos oc |ntc|cssc |noust||+| + +|t|| oc m|c|o-o|g+n|smos
n+ ^m+zon|+ |st+ +|ov+o+ no govc|no +ss+oo c |cco|t+o+ mu|t+s vczcs t|+ns|c||u +|+ o
||n|stc||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc (||^) o cont|o|c oo +ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc mcsmo +|+ +t|v|-
o+ocs c|cnt|c+s cu cxc|c|c|o n+ u|t|m+ occ+o+ |+t|c+mcntc tcvc o c|c|to oc |o|b|| o +ccsso
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +|+ + |ocnt|c+io oc substnc|+s b|o+t|v+s oc |ntc|cssc |+|m+co|og|co ^ ||
c oc|+o+ o| um com|tc gcsto| (CC||) sco|+oo no ||n|stc||o o+ |c|o ^mb|cntc |+|+ co|ct+|
+most|+s o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c |cc|so ||ccn+ oo |nst|tuto ||+s||c||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc c oos |c-
cu|sos |+tu|+|s |cnov+vc|s (|b+m+) m+s +|+ |ocnt|c+| mo|ccu|+s cm m+tc||+| co|ct+oo v|vo
ou mo|to c |cc|so ||ccn+ oo |nst|tuto C||co |cnocs c||+oo c|+ m|n|st|+ |+||n+ ||v+ u+n-
oo no cxc|c|c|o oo ||^ ^ |cg|+ |omovc o +bsu|oo oc cx|g|| uc o |nst|tuto |ut+nti c+ ||-
ccn+ +o |nst|tuto C||co |cnocs +|+ |ocnt|c+| comoncntcs mo|ccu|+|cs |mo|t+ntcs +|+ +
|noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ + +|t|| oc vcncnos oc cob|+s uc |ntcg|+m + co|cio oo |ut+nti ooos
os scto|cs oo |xccut|vo cntcnocm uc c ncccss+||+ um+ nov+ |c| |nt|ct+nto nunc+ conscgu|-
mos |omu|g+| v|+ Cong|csso um+ |c| ncstc scnt|oo ||+ csb+||+ ||nc|+|mcntc no ocscntcn-
o|mcnto cnt|c o ||n|stc||o o+ ^g||cu|tu|+ |ccu+||+ c ^b+stcc|mcnto (|^|^) c o ||n|stc||o oo
O +ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +ntcs c oco|s o+ Convcnio o+ ||vc|s|o+oc ||o|og|c+ (C||)
+,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
|c|o ^mb|cntc uc |n|c||zmcntc uc|cm |+zc| |c|s sc+|+o+s |+ vc|o+oc cst+s +st+s sio +s
uc tcm mcnos + o|zc| sob|c o +ssunto uc o|z |csc|to m+|s oc c|to +o ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+
c ccno|og|+ c +o ||n|stc||o o+ +uoc |o|s |+tos oocm |cvc|tc| cstc |occsso O ||mc||o c
uc os m|n|st|os o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ c|g|o |+c|+oo |czcnoc c C+||os ||nc oo |c|o ^m-
b|cntc +co|o+|+m cm oc|cg+| comctcnc|+ +o C|| +|+ +uto||z+| csu|s+s c|cnt|c+s +|+
+ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ O scgunoo c uc os mcsmos m|n|st|os cnv|+|+m C+s+ C|v||
um+ nov+ vc|sio oc |o,cto oc |c| +|+ |cgu|+| o +ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ g+|+nt|noo
uc o cont|o|c oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co c tccno|og|co |c|+c|on+oo c |csu|t+ntc oo +ccsso
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c+|+ sob o cont|o|c oo ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ |+|+ oc|+c|on+||z+|
+ ||mc||+ mco|o+ o C|| const|u|u um s|stcm+ |n|o|m+t|z+oo +|+ c|m|t|| uc os c|cnt|st+s
oss+m +ccss+| + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |sb+||ou n+ os|io oo CC|| uc o|z uc +ccss+| ooc m+s
co|ct+| nio O m|n|st|o c|g|o |czcnoc csc|+|cccu +|+ o ||n|stc||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc uc +
|o||+ |cg|s|+io cm v|go| |c|+c|on+ o +ccsso co|ct+ |+ u|nzc +nos v|vcmos cstc |mb|og||o
uc nos cxc|u| oc um mc|c+oo cxt|cm+mcntc |mo|t+ntc oc oc||v+oos o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |stc
novo scto| c c|+m+oo o| mu|tos oc ||occonom|+ O ||+s|| com + m+|o| o|vc|s|o+oc oo |+nc-
t+ nio cncont|+ c+m|n|os +|+ sc ||v|+| o+s +|m+o|||+s ,u||o|c+s oc|+o+s c|o ||^ uc nos
cxc|u| o+ ||occonom|+
Otto Cot||cb c|cnt|st+ b|+s||c||o oc o||gcm tc|cc+ |no|c+oo +|+ o ||cm|o |obc| oc u|m|-
c+ cm +,,, c|os cstuoos sob|c + cst|utu|+ u|m|c+ o+s |+nt+s um oos +|s o+ tou|m|c+
b|+s||c||+ cst|mu|+v+ o cxc|c|c|o o+ s|stcm+t|c+ mo|ccu|+| como |o|m+ oc cncont|+| mo|ccu|+s
oc mcsm+ |unio cm cscc|cs |ogcnct|c+mcntc |ox|m+s |o,c com os +v+nos o+ b|o|og|+
mo|ccu|+| v|+s mct+bo||c+s comuns oocm cvcntu+|mcntc sc| cncont|+o+s cm cscc|cs |ogc-
nct|c+mcntc o|st+ntcs |csoc +ovogo uc +g|cg+| v+|o| + |ooutos o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c +
|o|m+ m+|s cc+z oc |cvc|tc| o |occsso oc ocso|cst+mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ uc ,+ ocst|u|u n+
|cg|io um+ +|c+ oo t+m+n|o o+ ^|cm+n|+
Como o +ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc nos u|t|mos ocz +nos cst+ c+o+ vcz m+|s o|||c|| o ||+s|| so tcm
um |oouto |+|m+ccut|co oc||v+oo o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ uc c o ^c|c+n um +nt|-|n-
+m+to||o |nu+nto |sso um+ ||sto||+ cxt|+o|o|n+||+ oc succsso |csu|t+ oo uso tc|+cut|co o+
+|tcm|s|n+ cxt|+|o+ oc um+ ^stc|+cc+c +|+ o cont|o|c o+ m+|+||+ |m um cong|csso |ntc|n+-
c|on+| n+ ||n+m+|c+ z + |oost+ oc cst+bc|ccc| um+ |o|m+ oc o||c|to +os uc consc|v+m +
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ||+ um o||c|to nio cxc|us|vo ocnom|n+oo 8ceees |n: |oss|b|||o+ocs c|ct|-
v+s +|+ uc o ||+s|| oss+ cst+bc|ccc| um+ |+t+|o|m+ c|ct|v+ +|+ su+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+
cx|stcm c sio +|cscnt+o+s no o|+g|+m+ + scgu||
+o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
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O +ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +ntcs c oco|s o+ Convcnio o+ ||vc|s|o+oc ||o|og|c+ (C||)
+)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
^ |+sc oo|s uc nio |nc|u| tcm ob,ct|vos m+|s +mb|c|osos oc |cg|st|o oc |ooutos no |cca aoa
|as âoos:a:co (||^) c no |aceao /ea.oes êo., (|||^)
|cvo +om|t|| uc + C|| nio t|ouxc ncn|um bcnc||c|o +os +|scs uc + |+t|c+|+m c o |o| o
||otoco|o oc C+|t+gcn+ oc||v+oo o+ Convcnio oc ||vc|s|o+oc ||o|og|c+ c um oos m+|o|cs cn-
t|+vcs +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto b|+s||c||o ^|ov+oo cm um n+| oc scm+n+ o| mc|o oc um +co|oo
oc ||oc|cs +ssou + const|tu|| o||t|c+ ub||c+ ^|mo uc o |otoco|o |o| cns+oo como um+
cst|+tcg|+ +|+ m|n+| + |c| oc ||osscgu|+n+ oc |o|+ +|+ ocnt|o cm um oc scus momcntos oc
vu|nc|+b|||o+oc u+noo o cmb+|x+oo| +|ocmbc|g c|+ m|n|st|o com |nst|umcntos ocnom|n+-
oos 'ea'', ooao Com b+sc ncstc |otoco|o o ||+s|| ooc|+ tc| um o|+ uc |otu|+| scus n+v|os
u+noo cxo|t+|mos so,+ +|+ + |n|io |u|oc|+ (||) sob o |ctcxto oc |n|o|m+| + soc|co+oc
cu|oc|+ |sto |o| |oosto com b+sc no ||otoco|o oc C+|t+gcn+ c|+ m|n|st|+ |+||n+ ||v+ ou-
|+ntc + CO| o+ C|| |c+||z+o+ cm Cu||t|b+ |o| cst+s |+zocs u+noo o |o|um oc Comct|t|v|-
o+oc oc ||otccno|og|+ no ||+s|| |oouz|u um+ |o||t|c+ +|+ Comct|t|v|o+oc o+ ||otccno|og|+
||+s||c||+ +s ucstocs |c|+t|v+s +os m+|cos |cg+|s +ocu+oos su|gcm como m+|o| obst+cu|o +o
cxc|c|c|o ocst+ o||t|c+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
A intrincada relao entre a conservao e a
classicao da biodiversidade: um estudo de caso
na Amaznia, com a proposta de uma agenda de
trabalho para o sculo XXI
Alexandre Aleixo

^ b+c|+ +m+zon|c+ contcm + m+|o| cxtcnsio oc o|cst+s t|o|c+|s oo |+nct+ com m+|s oc es
m|||ocs |m` +b||g+noo + m+|o| o|vc|s|o+oc oc |+nt+s suc||o|cs (|oooo cscc|cs) m+m||c|os
(|., cscc|cs) +vcs (+,oo cscc|cs) |ctc|s (,;+ cscc|cs) +n||b|os (|.; cscc|cs) c c|xcs oc +gu+
oocc (cc|c+ oc ,,oo cscc|cs) oo |+nct+ (||||||||| e: a' .oo, ||||| ||||O .ooe)
||sto||c+mcntc +s t+x+s oc ocsm+t+mcnto cm too+ + ^m+zon|+ c|m+nccc|+m |c|+t|v+mcntc
b+|x+s +tc + occ+o+ oc +,;o u+noo o govc|no b|+s||c||o comcou + cxccut+| o m+|s +uo+c|oso
|og|+m+ oc co|on|z+io o+ |cg|io (||^||||| .oo,) |csoc cntio t+x+s oc ocsm+t+mcnto n+
^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ comc+|+m |cnt+mcntc + c|cscc| +tc +os +tu+|s |no|ccs +|+|m+ntcs |u|+ntc
o occo||c| o+s occ+o+s o ocscmcn|o cconom|co gc|+| oo ||+s|| to|nou-sc +|t+mcntc co||c-
|+c|on+oo s t+x+s oc ocsm+t+mcnto +nu+|s mco|o+s n+ ^m+zon|+ com +nos oc +umcnto no
|oouto |ntc|no b|uto (|||) cst||t+mcntc ||g+oos + +|t+s t+x+s oc ocsm+t+mcnto (||^|||||
.oo,) |o|t+nto o+o+ + +tu+| so||ocz m+c|occonom|c+ oo ||+s|| c +o c|cv+oo numc|o oc |o,c-
tos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |+nc,+oos +|+ + ^m+zon|+ (^|||C||| .ooe |||^||| .ooe) o
|utu|o oc um+ o+s b|ot+s m+|s ||c+s cm cscc|cs oo munoo nunc+ |o| tio |ncc|to
|st+ s|tu+io c sc||+mcntc +g|+v+o+ c|o |+to oc uc + ^m+zon|+ oo onto oc v|st+ o+s cscc|cs
uc + |+b|t+m nio c um b|om+ |omogcnco m+s s|m um +|u|c|+go com c|o mcnos o|to
g|+nocs +|c+s oc cnocm|smo c+|+ctc||z+o+s o| um con,unto un|co oc o|g+n|smos cnocm|cos
|nc|u|noo mu|t+s cscc|cs c subcscc|cs oc +n|m+|s c |+nt+s (||gu|+ + ||V^ e: a' .oo,) |+o+
mcnos uc sc|s ocss+s o|to +|c+s oc cnocm|smo n+ ^m+zon|+ cstio |oc+||z+o+s tot+|mcntc (+-
+,os X|ngu c |c|cm) u+sc |ntc||+mcntc (|onoon|+) ou cm su+ m+|o||+ (|n+mb+|| c Cu|+n+) cm
+ |csu|s+oo| oo |uscu |+|+cnsc |m|||o Coc|o| (|||C)
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o (||gu|+ + ||V^ e: a' .oo,) t|+g|c+mcntc o ocsm+t+mcnto |o| m+|s scvc|o
cx+t+mcntc n+s +|c+s oc cnocm|smo s|tu+o+s u+sc ou |ntc||+mcntc no ||+s|| onoc + cx+n-
sio o+ +g||cu|tu|+ +v+n+ scm |cccocntcs ocv|oo + um+ |coc oc cst|+o+s +v|mcnt+o+s c nio
+v|mcnt+o+s uc concct+m css+s +|c+s com + |cg|io su| oo +|s c+o+ vcz m+|s scu|os+ oc
|ccu|sos (||^||||| .ooe)
^ +tu+| c||sc o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc n+ ^m+zon|+ cscc|+|mcntc n+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ c||ou + nc-
ccss|o+oc u|gcntc oc um con|cc|mcnto cx+to sob|c os +o|ocs oc ||ucz+ c o|st||bu|io oos
g|uos b|o|og|cos o+ |cg|io (V^|| e: a' .oos) |o cnt+nto |n|c||zmcntc os v+z|os oc con|c-
c|mcnto ncst+ +|c+ sio +|no+ mu|to g|+nocs |+ t+nto |ob|cm+s ||g+oos + um+ +most|+gcm
+|no+ b+st+ntc |ncom|ct+ +|+ + m+|o| +|tc oos g|uos b|o|og|cos (vc| C^|O||^|CO e: a'
.oo+) como t+mbcm |+||+s concc|tu+|s n+ |ntc||ct+io o+ |c+| o|vc|s|o+oc oc g|uos como
o| cxcm|o +vcs c m+m||c|os uc |mcocm uc cmb+scm oc |o|m+ m+|s +cu|+o+ o||t|c+s
consc|v+c|on|st+s oc |csu|t+oos c|ct|vos |cstc +|t|go mc conccnt|o n+ +v+||+io c||t|c+ oc c||-
tc||os +|tc|n+t|vos +|+ o |ccon|cc|mcnto oc cscc|cs c oc como c|cs vcm scnoo |ntc||ct+oos
oc |o|m+ cu|voc+o+ c|+ m+|o| +|tc o+s +n+||scs consc|v+c|on|st+s |c|t+s +|+ + ^m+zon|+ c
out|+s +|tcs oo munoo ||n+|mcntc um+ +gcno+ oc t|+b+||o gc|+| uc |ntcg|+ t+xonom|+ c
b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io c |oost+ com o ob,ct|vo oc |ccnc|c| t+nto |+cun+s b+s|c+s sob|c
o con|cc|mcnto oc tooos os g|uos b|o|og|cos oos b|om+s b|+s||c||os como t+mbcm c|m|t||
uc css+ nov+ b+sc oc con|cc|mcnto s||v+ oc subs|o|o +|+ o||t|c+s consc|v+c|on|st+s uc +t|n-
,+m |csu|t+oos c|ct|vos n+ |csc|v+io o+ su+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
1. Incertezas na delimitao de espcies e suas implicaes
para a conservao da biodiversidade amaznica
^cs+| oo +c| ccnt|+| uc cscc|cs ocscmcn|+m ocnt|o o+ b|o|og|+ |nc|u|noo + b|o|og|+ o+
consc|v+io + ocn|io tccn|c+ cm to|no ocstc tc|mo c +|+oox+|mcntc +|no+ cont|ovc|s+ cnt|c
os b|o|ogos (|| |^||^|| .oo| || e: a' .oo,) Cont||bu| b+st+ntc +|+ |sso + n+tu|cz+
tcmo|+| cont|nu+ oo |occsso oc |o|m+io oc cscc|cs (ocnom|n+oo oc cscc|+io) uc cm
mu|t+s c||cunstnc|+s o|cu|t+ ou mcsmo |mcoc + oc||m|t+io oc un|o+ocs tot+|mcntc o|sc|ct+s
+ sc|cm |otu|+o+s como cscc|cs |noccnocntcmcntc oo c||tc||o +oot+oo (|| ||||Oz .oo,)
^tu+|mcntc o ocb+tc cm to|no oc c||tc||os +|tc|n+t|vos +|+ o |ccon|cc|mcnto oc cscc|cs co-
|oc+ cm |+oos oostos o concc|to b|o|og|co oc cscc|c (o+u| cm o|+ntc +b|cv|+oo C||) c o con-
cc|to |ogcnct|co oc cscc|c (C||) +|no+ uc um+ +|tc|n+t|v+ oc un|c+-|os num un|co concc|to
o concc|to |ct|co gc|+| oc cscc|c tcn|+ s|oo |oost+ m+|s |cccntcmcntc (|| ||||Oz
^ |nt||nc+o+ |c|+io cnt|c + consc|v+io c + c|+ss|c+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
|m cstuoo oc c+so n+ +m+zon|+ com + |oost+ oc um+ +gcno+ oc t|+b+||o +|+ o sccu|o XX|
+,+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
+,,s .oo, || |^||^|| .oo| +|+ um+ |cv|sio sob|c o +ssunto cm o|tugucs vc,+
^|||XO .oo;) ^ o||c|cn+ ||nc|+| cnt|c o C|| c o C|| o|z |csc|to +o t|+t+mcnto oc g|uos
oc o|g+n|smos o||c|cnc|+oos (ou|+ocs) com um ||sto||co oc cvo|uio |noccnocntc m+s
+|no+ |ox|m+mcntc |c|+c|on+oos uc no C|| sio scm|c cons|oc|+oos cscc|cs +o +sso uc
no C|| |sso so +contccc sc c|+s +|no+ sc |ntc|c|uz+m c |oouzcm ocsccnocntcs |c|tc|s (^|||XO
.oo;) ||c+mcntc ou|+ocs o||c|cnc|+o+s c com um ||sto||co oc cvo|uio |noccnocntc
(+|no+ uc |cccntc) oc out|+s ou|+ocs |ox|m+mcntc |c|+c|on+o+s sio +utom+t|c+mcntc
cons|oc|+o+s cscc|cs o|st|nt+s c|o C|| cnu+nto o C|| +s t|+t+ +cn+s como subcscc|cs |n-
tcg|+ntcs oc um+ un|c+ cscc|c o||t||c+ ou sc,+ um+ cscc|c uc cong|cg+ v+||+s ou|+ocs
o||c|cnc|+o+s um+ o+s out|+s cm m+|o| ou mcno| g|+u m+s cnt|c +s u+|s cx|stc uxo gcn|co
c|ct|vo ou otcnc|+| (^|||XO .oo;)
+nto o C|| u+nto o C|| ,+ |o|+m oc|cno|oos como |c|cscnt+noo +s mc||o|cs +|tc|n+t|v+s
oc concc|to oc cscc|c n+ b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io (CO||^| +,,; ||||O| |^V^||O-
-||C|||z^ +,,, ||||^^|| ||||^| .oo, z||| +,,; .oo| |^C| .oo|) |+|+|c|+mcntc
+ cssc ocb+tc |o| ocscnvo|v|oo o concc|to oc un|o+ocs cvo|ut|v+s s|gn|c+t|v+s (||) uc |c|c-
scnt+m cscc|cs subcscc|cs ou v+||co+ocs cu,+ |csc|v+io m+x|m|z+ o otcnc|+| oc succs-
so cvo|ut|vo |utu|o ocst+s un|o+ocs t+xonom|c+s (|| e: a' .oo,) ô cont|+||o o+ o|scussio
+c+ocm|c+ cm to|no oc concc|tos +|tc|n+t|vos oc cscc|c uc +|no+ |o,c sc cncont|+ b+st+ntc
o|+||z+o+ cm +|gum+s o|sc|||n+s o+ zoo|og|+ (^|||XO .oo;) um conscnso cm to|no o+ ut|||-
o+oc o+s || cm b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io +|ccc cst+| cmc|g|noo onoc c|+s sio |ntc||ct+o+s
como os vc|o+oc||os +|vos oc +ocs consc|v+c|on|st+s uc co|nc|ocm ou nio com ||m|tcs cnt|c
cscc|cs |ccon|cc|oos c|+ t+xonom|+ (C|^||^|| e: a' .ooo || e: a' .oo, |^C| .oo|)
^|no+ +ss|m o ocb+tc +c+ocm|co cm to|no oc concc|tos +|tc|n+t|vos oc cscc|c cont|nu+ + tc|
um+ g|+noc |mo|tnc|+ n+ b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io +|t|cu|+|mcntc n+ |+sc oc o|+gnosc oc
cscc|cs uc co||cm ||sco oc cxt|nio uc c scm|c |c|t+ oc mooo com+|+t|vo ocnt|o oc um
mcsmo g|uo oc o|g+n|smos ncccss|t+noo oc ||st+s oc cscc|cs +|+ contcxtos gcog|+cos o|-
vc|sos ocsoc o n|vc| |oc+| +tc o g|ob+| (|^C| .oo|) |ss+ ct++ oo c|c|o oc +t|v|o+ocs o+ b|o|o-
g|+ o+ consc|v+io uc |cccoc uc|+ o+s +ocs |o||+mcntc o|t+s occnoc com|ct+mcntc
oo t|+b+||o oc t+xonom|st+s uc sio os |csons+vc|s o| ocn||cm ||m|tcs |ntc|cscc|cos c
|oouz||cm ||st+s oc cscc|cs c cm u|t|m+ +n+||sc ut|||z+|cm concc|tos +|tc|n+t|vos oc cscc|c
com o C|| c o C|| (|| e: a' .oo, |^C| .oo|) |m+ |cv|sio com b+sc cm s, cstuoos t+-
xonom|cos c cvo|ut|vos |c|+t|v+mcntc |cccntcs (+,,o-.oo.) |no|cou uc u+noo um mcsmo
con,unto oc o|g+n|smos c oc||m|t+oo cm n|vc| cscc|co +|tc|n+t|v+mcntc c|o C|| ou C||
cstc u|t|mo concc|to |ccon|ccc cm mco|+ |s;/ m+|s cscc|cs uc o ||mc||o conscucntc-
mcntc oc+s|on+noo um +umcnto t+mbcm oo numc|o oc cscc|cs cons|oc|+o+s +mc++o+s
oc cxt|nio cm |unio oc o|st||bu|ocs gcog|+c+s c t+m+n|os ou|+c|on+|s m+|s |couz|oos
(^C^|O\ e: a' .oo|) Out|os cstuoos most|+|+m uc + +|oc+io oc +|c+s ||o||t+||+s +|+ +
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|csc|v+io oc cscc|cs vu|nc|+vc|s + cxt|nio t+mbcm ooc so||c| +|tc|+ocs b+st+ntc s|gn|-
c+t|v+s cm |unio oo concc|to oc cscc|c +oot+oo (||||O| |^V^||O-||C|||z^
+,,, |^| |||O .oo+ ||||^^|| ||||^| .oo,) |o |cx|co o C|| |ccon|ccc +o+
cscc|cs oc +vcs cnocm|c+s conccnt|+o+s n+s |cg|ocs mont+n|os+s oo su| c ocstc oo +|s cn-
u+nto o C|| |ccon|ccc m+|s uc o oob|o oc cscc|cs ncst+ mcsm+ c+tcgo||+ (.|,) o| su+ vcz
o|st||bu|o+s ||nc|+|mcntc n+s o|ocs ocstc css+ o|sc|cnc|+ |cv+ + so|uocs cm g|+noc +|-
tc con|t+ntcs +|+ + m+x|m|z+io o+ consc|v+io oc cscc|cs oc +vcs cnocm|c+s mcx|c+n+s
occnocnoo oo concc|to oc cscc|c +oot+oo (||||O| |^V^||O-||C|||z^ +,,,
|^V^||O-||C|||z^ ||||O| .oo|)
^ m+|c+o+ tcnocnc|+ +o |ccon|cc|mcnto oc um numc|o m+|o| oc cscc|cs c|o C|| cm |c|+io
+o C|| |o| b+t|z+o+ com o tc|mo |n+io t+xonom|c+ (^||O .oo, |^^C e: a' .oo|) tcnoo
como scus suostos c|c|tos oc|ctc||os +|cm oo +umcnto oo numc|o oc cscc|cs cons|oc|+o+s
vu|nc|+vc|s c +mc++o+s ,+ o|scut|oo +ntc||o|mcntc +s scgu|ntcs conscucnc|+s (^C^|O\ e:
a' .oo|)
+ |cccss|o+oc oc +umcnto s|gn|c+t|vo oo mont+ntc oos |ccu|sos ncccss+||os +|+ + |c-
sc|v+io oo numc|o +o|c|on+| oc cscc|cs vu|nc|+vc|s |ccon|cc|oo c|o C|| com um
conscucntc onus o||t|co +ssoc|+oo
. ^ |nv|+b|||o+oc oc sc com+|+| ||st+s oc cscc|cs +mc++o+s cnt|c c||ooos o|st|ntos o|s
cm vcz oc |cct||cm tcnocnc|+s oc +umcnto ou o|m|nu|io oc vu|nc|+b|||o+oc |cct||io
+cn+s um +cumu|o |og|css|vo oc cscc|cs cm |unio oc |cv|socs t+xonom|c+s |cccntcs
, |m +umcnto cx+cc|b+oo oo numc|o oc cscc|cs +mc++o+s oc cxt|nio ooc oc+s|o-
n+| um+ b+n+||z+io oo tc|mo cscc|c +mc++o+ c um+ conscucntc ++t|+ o| +|tc
o+ o|n|io ub||c+ o|+ntc ocstc |mo|t+ntc concc|to
| |m+ c|o+ gc|+| o+ c|co|b|||o+oc n+ mctooo|og|+ c cst|+tcg|+s ut|||z+o+s n+ b|o|og|+
consc|v+io com um conscucntc +|o|uno+mcnto oo ucst|on+mcnto sob|c + cc|-
cnc|+ o+ o|sc|||n+ cm +t|ng|| os ob,ct|vos + uc sc |ooc
|o| out|o |+oo o uso |o|ong+oo oo C|| n+ b|o|og|+ uc somcntc +go|+ comc+ + sc| ocs++oo
oc mooo m+|s |ntcnso t+mbcm ooc |cv+| + conc|usocs cu|voc+o+s c com g|+vcs conscucn-
c|+s oo onto oc v|st+ o+ consc|v+io +|vcz o ||nc|+| |ob|cm+ oo C|| ncstc +sccto c uc
c|c +om|tc + cx|stcnc|+ oc cscc|cs b+st+ntc |nc|us|v+s cm tc|mos cvo|ut|vos cu,+s ou|+ocs
oocm sc| tio o|st|nt+s cm |c|+io + c+|+ctc|cs como|t+mcnt+|s cco|og|cos mo||o|og|cos
c gcnct|cos uc oocm +|cscnt+| n|vc|s b+st+ntc o|st|ntos oc vu|nc|+b|||o+oc c+us+oos o|
|+to|cs |gu+|mcntc o|st|ntos uc oocm nio sc| o|+gnost|c+oos u+noo c|+s sio t|+t+o+s como
+,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
comoncntcs oc um+ un|c+ cscc|c (z||| +,,; .oo| z||| e: a' .ooo) |osto oc out|+ m+nc|-
|+ um+ mcsm+ cscc|c b|o|og|c+ ooc tc| um+ ou m+|s || uc nio sio o|+gnost|c+o+s u+noo
+ un|o+oc oc +n+||sc c + cscc|c o||t||c+ ou +|no+ too+s sio cons|oc|+o+s um+ cnt|o+oc un|-
|o|mc cm b+ncos oc o+oos com |n|o|m+ocs b|o|og|c+s ut|||z+oos +m|+mcntc n+ ocn|io oc
o||t|c+s oc consc|v+io cm v+||os n|vc|s gcoo||t|cos (cg C^|O||^|CO e: a' .oo+)
|m cont|+onto ||cucntcmcntc |cv+nt+oo cm |c|+io +os |ob|cm+s oo C|| mcnc|on+oos
+c|m+ c uc o uso o+ c+tcgo||+ subcscc|c o| cstc concc|to co|||gc cm g|+noc +|tc css+s oc-
c|cnc|+s o|s subcscc|cs +utom+t|c+mcntc c|+m+m + +tcnio +|+ so|uocs oc consc|v+io
cscc|c+s +|+ ou|+ocs o||c|cnc|+o+s (c |ccon|cc|o+ como subcscc|c) oc um+ octc|m|n+-
o+ cscc|c o||t||c+ (|^C| .oo| |^|C e: a' .ooe) |+cc (.oo|) |o| +|no+ m+|s |ongc +o +|gu-
mcnt+| uc no momcnto o+ o|+gnosc com+|+t|v+ oc cscc|cs vu|nc|+vc|s c |no||c|cntc +|+
um+ ou|+io o||c|cnc|+o+ oc go|||+ o| cxcm|o ++|ccc| num+ ||st+ oc t+xons +mc++oos
como cscc|c |ogcnct|c+ ou subcscc|c b|o|og|c+ scgunoo |+cc (.oo|) + +|tc|n+t|v+ oc ||st+-
-|+ como cscc|c +|tc (ncstc c+so scgu|noo o C||) c |couno+ntc cm |c|+io + ||st+| too+ +
cscc|c b|o|og|c+ go|||+ +| |nc|u|noo +utom+t|c+mcntc too+s +s su+s subcscc|cs cgunoo c|+ c
como +|gumcnt+oo +c|m+ cx|stcm v+||os |nconvcn|cntcs cm sc |n+c|on+| ||st+s oc cscc|cs
+mc++o+s s|m|csmcntc c|cv+noo-sc +o n|vc| oc cscc|c t+xons oc +n|m+|s c+||sm+t|cos +ntcs
cons|oc|+oos subcscc|cs sob + +|gumcnt+io oc uc |sso sc|+ bcncco +|+ su+ consc|v+io
(|^C| .oo|) |noccnocntcmcntc oc cnt|+| no mc||to oos suostos |nconvcn|cntcs |cv+nt+-
oos o| c|+ c ^g+ow e: a' (.oo|) com |c|+io |n+io t+xonom|c+ oc ||st+s oc cscc|cs
+mc++o+s c |no|scut|vc| uc o |ob|cm+ o+ consc|v+io oc ou|+ocs o||c|cnc|+o+s (ou ||)
occnoc cm u|t|m+ +n+||sc oo |ccon|cc|mcnto ocst+s como cnt|o+ocs t+xonom|c+s o|sc|ct+s
sc,+m c|+s ocnom|n+o+s oc cscc|cs ou subcscc|cs |o cnt+nto sc ,+ cx|stc cons|oc|+vc| con-
t|ovc|s|+ cm |c|+io +o uso oo tc|mo cscc|c c ||st+gcns uc +cn+s |nc|ucm css+ c+tcgo||+ ,+
sio oc com||+io o|scno|os+ cm v+||os +scctos c c||cunstnc|+s o |ob|cm+ c mu|to m+|o|
u+noo + c+tcgo||+ subcscc|c c cons|oc|+o+ cscc|+|mcntc n+uc|cs g|uos onoc o C|| tcvc
||sto||c+mcntc um+ m+|o| |nucnc|+ como + o|n|to|og|+ c m+stozoo|og|+ (|^||O\C|O|C|
||||| +,,e C|OV| .oo+ z||| .oo| ^|||XO .oo;) |cstc scnt|oo ,+ cx|stc um+ |o-
ost+ +|+ + com||+io oc ||st+s oc subcscc|cs v+||o+s nos o|vc|sos g|uos b|o|og|cos +|+ uc
+ o|+gnosc oc || vu|nc|+vc|s sc to|nc um |occsso m+|s o||cto c mcnos occnocntc oo ocb+-
tc cm to|no oc concc|tos oc cscc|c (|^|C e: a' .ooe) |o cnt+nto c oss|vc| |cvc| uc cst+
|oost+ cc|t+mcntc cncont|+|+ os m+|s o|vc|sos cnt|+vcs +|+ su+ |m|+nt+io o| um mot|vo
||nc|+| b+st+ntc s|m|cs c|+ s|m|csmcntc t|+ns|c|c +|+ um+ c+tcgo||+ t+xonom|c+ |mco|+t+-
mcntc |n|c||o| oc cscc|c + ncccss|o+oc oc |cv|sio +m|+ o+ v+||o+oc oos t+xons ocsc||tos +tc
|o,c o uc const|tu| oc tooo mooo um |occsso b+st+ntc |cnto cm |+zio ||nc|+|mcntc o+
c+|cnc|+ oc csso+| u+||c+oo c |ccu|sos n+ncc||os (|^C| .oo| ||||| .oo,)
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|cssc mooo sc +s un|o+ocs oc t|+b+||o o+ b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io sio +s || cntio t+nto cs-
cc|cs |ogcnct|c+s u+nto subcscc|cs v+||o+s sc|vcm como cnt|o+ocs t+xonom|c+s utc|s nos
contcxtos oc o|+gnosc oc cscc|cs vu|nc|+vc|s c |+nc,+mcnto u+nto oc +io n+ b|o|og|+ o+
consc|v+io Os +|gumcntos |cv+nt+oos o| |+cc (.oo|) c |s++c e: a' (.oo|) sob|c + m+|o| +oc-
u+io oo C|| com |c|+io s +t|v|o+ocs oc |+nc,+mcnto n+ b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io (ocv|oo
+ su+ suost+ m+|o| cst+b|||o+oc) c oc subcscc|cs ou oo C|| n+s +t|v|o+ocs oc +io;|+nos oc
m+nc,o cstio cm |o|tc cont|+o|io com o conscnso cmc|gcntc n+ o|sc|||n+ sob|c + ut|||z+io
o+s || como un|o+ocs oc +n+||sc (C|^||^|| e: a' .ooo || e: a' .oo,) O m+|o| |ob|cm+
com o |+c|oc|n|o ocstcs +uto|cs c |+zc| o c|o cnt|c +s || c t+xonom|+ +cn+s ou|+ntc +s +ocs
o||ct+s o+ consc|v+io m+s nio ou|+ntc + |+sc oc |+nc,+mcnto c o|+gnosc oc vu|nc|+b|||o+-
oc ^|no+ uc cstcs sc,+m momcntos b+st+ntc o|st|ntos no c|c|o oc +t|v|o+ocs o+ b|o|og|+ o+
consc|v+io + sc+|+io cnt|c c|cs ooc |cv+| o| cxcm|o + nio o|+gnosc oc || +mc++o+s
ocnt|o oc cscc|cs o||t||c+s oc +m|+ o|st||bu|io uc no momcnto oo |+nc,+mcnto ncccs-
s+||+mcntc sio t|+t+o+s como um+ un|c+ cnt|o+oc c tcm scus c|ct|vos ou|+c|on+|s c +|c+s oc
o|st||bu|io c+|cu|+oos cm con,unto cgu|noo + |og|c+ oc|cno|o+ o| cstcs +uto|cs css+s ||
+cn+s sc||+m cons|oc|+o+s n+ ct++ oc |+nc,+mcnto c o|+gnosc oc vu|nc|+b|||o+oc sc os scus
+|mct|os ou|+c|on+|s c +|c+s oc o|st||bu|io som+oos (co||csonocntcs +o oc too+ + csc-
c|c b|o|og|c+) |osscm |couz|oos o suc|cntc +|+ sc cnc+|x+|cm nos c||tc||os oc +mc++ |ot|nc||+-
mcntc ut|||z+oos cm com||+ocs oc ||st+s oc cscc|cs +mc++o+s (cg ||C| .oo;) |o|t+nto sc
o g|+u oc vu|nc|+b|||o+oc oc || nio c +v+||+oo |ogo n+ ct++ oc |+nc,+mcnto o+ consc|v+io
c oss|vc| uc u+noo um+ octc|m|n+o+ cscc|c b|o|og|c+ vcn|+ + sc| ||st+o+ como +mc++o+
o cst+oo oc consc|v+io oc c|o mcnos +|gum+s oc su+s || ,+ cstc,+ |||cvc|s|vc|mcntc com-
|omct|oo o uc nio +contccc||+ c+so |osscm mon|to|+o+s sc+|+o+mcntc +ntcs oc u+|uc|
+io consc|v+c|on|st+ Conscucntcmcntc o ooc| oc octccio oc || vu|nc|+vc|s o| +|tc
oo C|| c bcm |n|c||o| uc|c oo C|| ou +|+ o|ssoc|+| cst+ conc|usio oo ocb+tc cm to|no oc
concc|tos oc cscc|c o+uc|c cm uc subcscc|cs |unc|on+|s (cu|v+|cntc + cscc|cs |ogcnc-
t|c+s) sio cons|oc|+o+s ocsoc o |n|c|o n+ ct++ oc |+nc,+mcnto cm b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io
|m cxcm|o |+t|co ooc sc| o+oo com |c|+io ||st+ m+|s |cccntc oc cscc|cs +mc++o+s oo
||+s|| nc|+ +|no+ no momcnto oo |+nc,+mcnto c o|+gnosc oc t+xons +mc++oos |o|+m +v+||+-
o+s subcscc|cs cons|oc|+o+s s|gn|c+t|v+mcntc o||c|cnc|+o+s +|t|cu|+|mcntc n+uc|cs g|uos
cm uc sio m+|s numc|os+s como cm |c|ootc|os +vcs c m+m||c|os (||^|^ .oo,) |m oos
|csu|t+oos m+|s |mo|t+ntcs |o| + const+t+io oc uc no scto| m+|s ocv+st+oo o+ ^m+zon|+
b|+s||c||+ (o ocnom|n+oo Ccnt|o oc |nocm|smo |c|cm ||g +) novc subcscc|cs oc +vcs co||cs-
onocm + || co||cnoo um sc||o ||sco oc cxt|nio (||^|^ .oo,) o uc nio tc||+ s|oo |cvc-
|+oo c+so + un|o+oc oc +n+||sc t|vcssc s|oo + cscc|c b|o|og|c+ como um tooo |nc|u|noo cstcs
t+xons um+ vcz uc cm tooos os c+sos c|+s sio +m|+mcntc o|st||bu|o+s c com g|+nocs c|ct|vos
ou|+c|on+|s cm too+ + ^m+zon|+ ^ conccnt|+io oc t+ntos t+xons (co||csonocntcs + ||)
cnocm|cos ncst+ |cg|io o+ ^m+zon|+ c|+mou + +tcnio +|+ o |+to oc uc c|+ c um+ o+s mcnos
+,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
|otcg|o+s o| un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io cm tooo o b|om+ to|n+noo-+ +utom+t|c+mcntc um
+|vo ||o||t+||o +|+ + |m|+nt+io oc nov+s un|o+ocs (||V^ e: a' .oo,)
Concc|tu+|mcntc +o sc |oc+| cm || cm b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io c |ncv|t+vc| + ncccss|o+oc oc
sc ||o+| com |n+io t+xonom|c+ sc,+ n+ |ou+gcm oc cscc|cs ou subcscc|cs Conscucn-
tcmcntc + m+|o| |ncons|stcnc|+ no |+c|oc|n|o oc |s++c e: a' (.oo|) c |+cc (.oo|) c +o mcsmo
tcmo comb+tc| + |n+io t+xonom|c+ m+s oc|cnoc| o uso oc ou|+ocs;subcscc|cs;csc-
c|cs |ogcnct|c+s como no|tc+oo|cs oc +ocs c m+nc,o cm b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io
|o|t+nto + b+sc oo |ob|cm+ o+ |ncc|tcz+ t+xonom|c+ n+ ^m+zon|+ |cs|oc n+ ocm+no+ u|gcntc
o| +|tc o+ b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io oc || ocn|o+s cons|stcntcmcntc o| um+ t+xonom|+
uc |c|t+ + ||sto||+ cvo|ut|v+ oos o||c|cntcs g|uos b|o|og|cos |noccnocntcmcntc o+ ||c|+|-
u|+ |m cxcm|o conc|cto ocstc |ob|cm+ c o+oo + scgu||
2. Problemas associados incerteza taxonmica na amaznia: o
exemplo do grupo mais bem estudado na regio
|mbo|+ o g|uo t+xonom|co +vcs sc,+ cons|oc|+oo o m+|s bcm cstuo+oo o+ ^m+zon|+ (O|||
.oo+) o|vc|s+s nov+s cscc|cs oc +vcs vcm scnoo ocscobc|t+s n+ |cg|io nos u|t|mos +nos |cvc-
|+noo um con|cc|mcnto +|no+ |ncom|cto sob|c + |c+| o|vc|s|o+oc o+ m+|s ||c+ +v||+un+ oo |+-
nct+ |mbo|+ mu|t+s ocss+s nov+s cscc|cs |c|cscntcm ocscobc|t+s oc t+xons +ntc||o|mcntc
nio nomc+oos (||z|^||C| \|||^|| +,,o |^|O| e: a' +,,o ||V^ e: a' +,,, .oo.
||||||C^^|| e: a' +,,; C^|^|-|||^ e: a' .oo. ||V|||^ e: a' .oo, \|||| e: a'
.oo| \||^||| .oo.) out|+s |c|cscnt+m v+||o+ocs oc t+xons uc c|+m cons|oc|+oos +tc
cntio como subcscc|cs (|||||O| ||z|^||C| +,s, |||| e: a' +,,; +,,, .oo. .oo;+
.oo;b z||||| +,,; .oo. z||||| \||^||| .ooo) |o|t+nto um+ +|tc s|gn|c+t|v+
o+s nov+s cscc|cs oc +vcs |ccon|cc|o+s |cccntcmcntc +|+ + ^m+zon|+ |cctc |mo|t+ntcs
muo+n+s oc cu|tu|+ t+xonom|c+ cm vcz oc vc|o+oc||+s ocscobc|t+s n+ vc|o+oc muo+n+s
n+ |+t|c+ t+xonom|c+ cstio t+mbcm o| t|+s o+ ocsc||io oc +|guns oos novos t+xons como
cscc|cs cm vcz oc subcscc|cs (o| cxcm|o ||V^ e: a' +,,, .oo. ||V|||^ e: a' .oo,) ^
c|cv+io oc subcscc|cs + cscc|cs |cn+s uc scguc + |cccntc tcnocnc|+ oc subst|tu|| o t|+o|-
c|on+| C|| c|o C|| c t+mbcm obsc|v+o+ cm out|os g|uos oc o|g+n|smos c+||sm+t|cos t+|s
como ||m+t+s (C|OV| .oo+) c t+| |+to tcm s|oo c|+m+oo |n+io t+xonom|c+ (vc| +c|m+)
|o|t+nto c mu|to |mo|t+ntc com|ccnoc| cm oct+||cs +s |m||c+ocs +|+ + consc|v+io oos
+scctos concc|tu+|s c cm|||cos |c|+c|on+oos s |cccntcs muo+n+s n+ |+t|c+ t+xonom|c+ cn-
vo|v|o+s no cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc ||m|tcs |ntc|cscc|cos cm +vcs +m+zon|c+s
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
^ ||nc|+| muo+n+ |cccntc n+ |+t|c+ t+xonom|c+ obsc|v+o+ n+ o|n|to|og|+ +m+zon|c+ c cm-
|||c+ +o |nvcs oc concc|tu+| c o|t+nto |noccnocntc oc +|tc|+ocs nos concc|tos oc cscc|cs
+oot+oos |+ vc|o+oc css+ muo+n+ sc |nsc|c no mb|to o+ ut|||z+io oc novos c+|+ctc|cs
como voc+||z+ocs c scucnc|+s oc ||^ cm cstuoos t+xonom|cos scgu|noo + o|son|b|||o+oc
oc +most|+s voc+|s c oc tcc|oos no contcxto oc um+ mc||o| +most|+gcm oc |oc+||o+ocs +m+-
zon|c+s obt|o+s o| mctooo|og|+s mooc|n+s oc csu|s+s o|n|to|og|c+s ||nc|+|mcntc +os
os +nos +,,o |o| cxcm|o o cont|nuo uso oo C|| no contcxto oc |cv|socs t+xonom|c+s uc
comb|n+m c+|+ctc|cs mo||o|og|cos t|+o|c|on+|s com +n+||scs voc+|s |cvou o|v|sio oc o|vc|-
s+s cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s cnt|c ou+s c sc|s nov+s cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s (|||||O| ||z|^||-
C| +,s, ^|O|O \|||| .oo+ ||||||C^^|| e: a' +,,; |||| e: a' +,,; +,,, .oo.
.oo;+ .oo;b \|||| ^|O|O +,,s \||^||| .oo. z||||| +,,; .oo. z|||||
\||^||| .ooo z||||| e: a' .oo+) |c |+to um+ cst|m+t|v+ b+sc+o+ +cn+s nos cstu-
oos su|+c|t+oos |no|c+ uc cm mco|+ +|+ c+o+ cscc|c b|o|og|c+ +m+zon|c+ cstuo+o+ com
um+ comb|n+io oc c+|+ctc|cs mo||o|og|cos c voc+|s u+sc t|cs nov+s cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s sio
|ccon|cc|o+s ^ |nc|usio oc o+oos gcnct|cos cm +v+||+ocs t+xonom|c+s o+s +vcs +m+zon|c+s
+|no+ nio c tio gcnc|+||z+o+ como + ut|||z+io oc o+oos voc+|s m+s um numc|o c+o+ vcz m+|o|
oc cstuoos mooc|nos +ont+ +|+ o mcsmo +o|io ou sc,+ +nt|g+s cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s o||-
t||c+s tcnocm + sc| o|v|o|o+s cm ou+s ou m+|s nov+s cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s ||nc|+|mcntc o|-
uc nio cx|stcm cv|ocnc|+s oc uxo gcn|co cnt|c su+s suost+s subcscc|cs ou o|uc cscc|cs
o||t||c+s t|+o|c|on+|s to|n+m-sc +|+|ct|c+s ou +tc mcsmo o|||ct|c+s cm |c|+io + out|+s
cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s +cc|t+s (^|||XO .oo. .oo| ^||||^ e: a' .oo, ||^|| .oo; |^CO-
^ C||C|^ .oos |||||| e: a' .oos |||||| e: a' .oos O||^ e: a' .oos) |o cnt+nto
um numc|o com+|+t|v+mcntc mcno| oc nov+s cscc|cs oc +vcs +m+zon|c+s +|ccc s|m |cct||
muo+n+s concc|tu+|s |c|+c|on+o+s +o uso oo C|| cm subst|tu|io +o C|| u+noo sc ocsc|cvcm
novos t+xons c sc |cv|s+m ||m|tcs |ntc|cscc|cos (^|V^|||C^ e: a' .oo. |OV|| .oo| ||-
|^ e: a' .ooe ||V^ e: a' +,,, .oo. ||V|||^ e: a' .oo,) c o|t+nto sc cnc+|x+ n+ c|+ss|c+
ocn|io oc |n+io t+xonom|c+ |o cnt+nto |ncc|tcz+ t+xonom|c+ cm vcz oc |n+io
t+xonom|c+ ooc ocn|| mc||o| + m+|o||+ oos c+sos +c|m+ mcnc|on+oos cm uc muo+n+s
cm|||c+s c nio concc|tu+|s n+ |+t|c+ t+xonom|c+ |o|+m |csons+vc|s o| um +umcnto oo nu-
mc|o oc cscc|cs oc +vcs |ccon|cc|o+s n+ ^m+zon|+
|+|+ mc||o| com|ccnoc| o |ob|cm+ o+ |ncc|tcz+ t+xonom|c+ c |mo|t+ntc |cmb|+| uc os
||m|tcs +tu+|s oc cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s oc +vcs +m+zon|c+s c ncot|o|c+|s como um tooo |o|+m
cst+bc|cc|oos ||nc|+|mcntc o| |cv|socs ou|+ntc + ||mc||+ mct+oc oo sccu|o XX cnt|c ,o-;o
+nos +t|+s |||mc||o o o|n|to|ogo C | |c||m+y| ocscmcn|ou um +c| c|+vc n+ ||g+io cnt|c
muscus no|tc-+mc||c+nos c cu|ocus ||m+noo um+ +|tc s|gn|c+t|v+ o+ t+xonom|+ oc +vcs
+m+zon|c+s c ncot|o|c+|s cm gc|+| +|cm oc cst+bc|ccc| c|+ ||mc||+ vcz ||m|tcs oc cscc|cs
b+sc+oos no C|| +|+ mu|tos g|uos oc +vcs +m+zon|c+s (|||||^| e: a' +,+s-+,|,) ostc-
||o|mcntc ,+ com + t+xonom|+ |c|+t|v+mcntc bcm |cso|v|o+ |cv|socs oc ||m|tcs |ntc|cscc|cos
+,)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
|o|+m |c+||z+o+s ||nc|+|mcntc o| o|n|to|ogos no|tc-+mc||c+nos como | z|mmc| (+,,+-
+,,,) uc t+mbcm scgu|u + |og|c+ oo C|| ^ c|+m+o+ |e:es .ne.'s: (|||| +,,|-+,se)
um+ cxt|+o|o|n+||+ c +|no+ un|c+ com||+io oc tooos os t+xons oc +vcs cons|oc|+oos v+||oos
cm tooo o munoo conso||oou os ||m|tcs |ntc|cscc|cos +|+ cscc|cs oc +vcs +m+zon|c+s cst+-
bc|cc|oos o| +uc|cs +uto|cs ||nc|+|s c +tu+|mcntc |c|cscnt+ o ||nc|+| o||cto||o +cc|to oc
cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s nio so +|+ + ^m+zon|+ m+s +|+ tooo o munoo (^|||XO .oo;) O ||nc|+|
|ob|cm+ com cst+ +bo|o+gcm nio tcm |c|+io com + ut|||z+io oo C|| cm s| m+s s|m com +
u+||o+oc c|cnt|c+ ocss+s oc||m|t+ocs ,+ +nt|g+s oc cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s gc|+|mcntc b+sc+o+s
cm +n+||scs cxccss|v+mcntc s|m||st+s c suc|c|+|s oc ||cucntcmcntc sc||cs mu|to cucn+s
oc cscc|mcs +o |ongo oc um+ cxtcns+ +|c+ gcog|+c+ |+ m+|o||+ oos c+sos o |so|+mcnto |c-
|oout|vo ou su+ +uscnc|+ uc ocscmcn|+ um +c| c|+vc n+ oc||m|t+io oc cscc|cs b|o|o-
g|c+s |o| |n|c||oo sob|c um+ b+sc u|+mcntc sub,ct|v+ c m+|s t+|oc sc |cvc|ou c||onco o| cstu-
oos b+sc+oos cm um+ +bo|o+gcm cons|oc|+noo v+||os c+|+ctc|cs (vc,+ cxcm|os +c|m+) |o|t+n-
to o o||cto||o oc cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s conso||o+o+s n+ |e:es .ne.'s: cst+ to|n+noo-sc obso|cto
mu|to |+|o+mcntc o| cstuoos t+xonom|cos mooc|nos c css+s muo+n+s cstio oco||cnoo cm
um ||tmo tio +cc|c|+oo uc c |moss|vc| |cvc| u+nt+s nov+s cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s sc|io |cco-
n|cc|o+s o+u| + ,o +nos u+noo os ||m|tcs |ntc|cscc|cos oc mu|t+s o+s cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s
o+ ^m+zon|+ vio com|ct+| um sccu|o oc cx|stcnc|+ ^ss|m o con|cc|mcnto t+xonom|co |c-
c|so c o un|co |nst|umcnto con+vc| +|+ cv|t+| +v+||+ocs c||onc+s cm b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io
|nucnc|+o+s c|+ |ncc|tcz+ t+xonom|c+ cnt|c +s +vcs +m+zon|c+s
3. A unicao entre conceitos de espcie e sua relao com
unidades evolutivas signicativas (UES)
|m+ |oost+ |cccntc oc |ntcg|+io cnt|c o C|| C|| c out|os concc|tos oc cscc|c |oos-
tos n+ b|o|og|+ (|| ||||Oz +,,s .oo,) |nco|o|+ oc mooo b+st+ntc cons|stcntc o csct|o
oc ocn|ocs ,+ |oost+s +|+ || cons|oc|+o+s tio |mo|t+ntcs cm b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+-
io (C|^||^|| e: a' .ooo ||^||^| .oo+ || e: a' .oo,) |m+ o|st|nio tc|m|no|og|c+
|mo|t+ntc |nt|oouz|o+ o| oc uc||oz (+,,s) c +uc|+ cnt|c concc|to c c||tc||o oc cscc|c
cgunoo oc uc||oz (+,,s) tooos os concc|tos oc cscc|c |oostos +tc cntio sio v+||+ocs
oc um un|co concc|to oc cscc|c um+ vcz uc tooos c|cs cx||c|t+ ou |m||c|t+mcntc cons|oc-
|+m cscc|cs scgmcntos oc ||n|+gcns cvo|ut|v+s oc n|vc| ou|+c|on+| (nio no scnt|oo oc um+
comun|o+oc |c|oout|v+ como cntcnoc o C|| m+s +cn+s no scnt|oo oc um n|vc| oc o|g+n|-
z+io cvo|ut|v+ |mco|+t+mcntc +c|m+ oo |no|v|ouo) ^s o||c|cn+s concc|tu+|s uc m+|c+|+m +s
o|st|nocs cnt|c concc|tos oc cscc|c como o C|| c C|| o|zcm |csc|to +cn+s cn|+sc uc
c+o+ um oc|cs co|oc+ cm o||c|cntcs |cnomcnos uc +com+n|+m o |occsso oc c|+oogcncsc
nio cons|st|noo contuoo num con|to com |c|+io +o t|o oc cnt|o+oc +o u+| c|cs sc |c|c|cm
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+,s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
como cscc|c |o|t+nto cm vcz oc concc|tos oc cscc|c oc uc||oz (+,,s) +ovog+ uc o C||
c o C|| o| cxcm|o const|tucm un|c+mcntc c||tc||os o|st|ntos c +|tc|n+t|vos +|+ + ocn|io
oc cscc|c ocnt|o oc um mcsmo concc|to un|c+oo oc cscc|c b+t|z+oo o| c|c oc Concc|to
|||ct|co Cc|+| oc |scc|c (t|+ouio ||v|c oc Geoea' |oeae :e.es Cco.e:) +b|cv|+oo o+u|
cm o|+ntc C|C| ^ c|+vc +|+ cntcnoc| + nov+ tc|m|no|og|+ |oost+ o| oc uc||oz (+,,s) c
cons|oc|+| o cxtcnso comoncntc tcmo|+| oo |occsso oc c|+oogcncsc uc no n|vc| m|c|oc-
vo|ut|vo sc |n|c|+ com + o||c|cnc|+io (num ||mc||o momcnto +|no+ |nc||cntc) cnt|c ou+s o-
u|+ocs ||mis cu|m|n+noo com + |oouio oc cscc|cs cu,os gcnom+s nio m+|s +|cscnt+m +
c++c|o+oc oc sc m|stu|+| +ss+noo o| c|o mcnos u+t|o cst+g|os ||nc|+|s (^|||XO .oo;)
|o|t+nto c||tc||os oc cscc|cs como o C|| c C|| s|m|csmcntc |ocu|+m oomcst|c+| o |occs-
so oc c|+oogcncsc com+|t|mcnt+||z+noo-o com + n+||o+oc oc|+c|on+| oc ocn|| ||m|tcs cn-
t|c ||n|+gcns oc +co|oo com um+ octc|m|n+o+ |ntc||ct+io oc ||m|tcs |ntc|cscc|cos ^ss|m
cm |unio o+ n+tu|cz+ tcmo|+| cont|nu+ oo |occsso oc c|+oogcncsc + ocn|io oc ||m|tcs
|ntc|cscc|cos sc|+ scm|c +|b|t|+||+ |noccnocntcmcntc oo c||tc||o +oot+oo
ô +om|t|| cx||c|t+mcntc + +|b|t|+||co+oc no |occsso oc oc||m|t+io oc cscc|cs o C|C| +s
com+|t|mcnt+||z+ ocnt|o oo |occsso m+|o| oc c|+oogcncsc como mct+ou|+ocs (ou|+-
ocs o||c|cnc|+o+s) oc o|g+n|smos com um+ t|+,cto||+ cvo|ut|v+ |noccnocntc oc out|+s mc-
t+ou|+ocs (|| ||||Oz +,,s .oo,) cm c|+|+ conco|onc|+ com o cc|nc oo concc|to oc
|| (|O||z +,,| C|^||^|| e: a' .ooo ||^||^| .oo+ || e: a' .oo,) ^ss|m o C|C|
tcm csscnc|+|mcntc oo|s c||tc||os c|+|os c ob,ct|vos +|+ cons|oc|+| um+ octc|m|n+o+ ou|+-
io como cscc|c |noccnocntc (|| ||||Oz +,,s) o|+gnosc cm |c|+io + out|+s ou|+ocs
(|ccnc|cnoo + cono|io oc mct+ou|+io) c mono||+ cm |c|+io + out|+s ou|+ocs (|c-
cnc|cnoo o c||tc||o oc cvo|uio |noccnocntc) |no|scut|vc|mcntc o C|C| ooc sc| cons|oc|+-
oo um+ v|sio |ogcnct|c+ oc cscc|c (vc| |^^C e: a' .oo|) sc o||c||noo no cnt+nto o+s ocn|-
ocs m+|s ut|||z+o+s oo C|| c|o |+to oc cm|cg+| n+ su+ oc||m|t+io oc cscc|c +cn+s +uc|cs
c+|+ctc|cs uc |+zcm + o|+gnosc +o n|vc| mct+ou|+c|on+| ou sc,+ num n|vc| |ogo +c|m+ oo
|no|v|ouo con|c||noo um ||go| concc|tu+| +o C|C| num onto onoc cx|stc g|+noc +mb|gu|o+oc
no C|| (|O||O| e: a' +,,, ^|||XO .oo;)
O cntcno|mcnto o| +|tc oc b|o|ogos cvo|uc|on|st+s c consc|v+c|on|st+s oc uc + o|vc|s|o+oc
|ct|c+ (mct+ou|+c|on+|) c + cc|u|+ oc |csc|v+io m+|s b+s|c+ cm b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io
|m||c+ uc os concc|tos oc cscc|c m+|s utc|s ncst+ o|sc|||n+ sc|io ,ust+mcntc +uc|cs uc |cs-
g+t+m m+|s |ont+mcntc + cu|v+|cnc|+ cnt|c || c cscc|cs como o C|| ou + scguno+ gc-
|+io oc concc|tos |ogcnct|cos como o C|C| | vc|o+oc uc o C|| t+mbcm ooc +comoo+|
+ c|scct|v+ mct+ou|+c|on+| oc consc|v+io o| mc|o o+ c+tcgo||+ t+xonom|c+ subcscc|c
m+s c |cc|so ocst+c+| t|cs mot|vos ||nc|+|s c|os u+|s + +ooio oo C|| c su+s subcscc|cs
nio convcm no contcxto o+ b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io
+,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
+ O t|+t+mcnto oc mct+ou|+ocs cm t|+,cto||+s cvo|ut|v+s |noccnocntcs (uc const|-
tucm +utom+t|c+mcntc ||) como subcscc|cs con|unoc ou mcsmo m|n|m|z+ c|+ntc
+ o|n|io ub||c+ su+ |mo|tnc|+ como +|vos +|+ + consc|v+io o uc nio +contccc||+
c+so |osscm t|+t+o+s cx||c|t+mcntc como cscc|cs o|st|nt+s (z||| .oo|) |no|scut|vc|-
mcntc o +c|o |cu||st|co o+ +|+v|+ cscc|c c bcm m+|o| +|+ + csm+g+oo|+ m+|o||+ o+
ou|+io |um+n+ (c cm cscc|+| os tom+oo|cs oc occ|sio) oo uc subcscc|c um+
un|o+oc t+xonom|c+ +tc +go|+ cons|oc|+o+ oc b+|x+ ||o||o+oc +|+ + |nc|usio cm b+n-
cos oc o+oos ut|||z+oos no |+nc,+mcnto o+ consc|v+io (|^|C e: a' .ooe) cm g|+noc
+|tc t+mbcm ocv|oo |m|cc|sio u+nto su+ ocn|io (^|||XO .oo;)
. Como ,+ ocmonst|+oo +c|m+ c +o cont|+||o oo uc ,+ |o| |oosto cx||c|t+mcntc (|^-
^C e: a' .oo| |^C| .oo|) cscc|cs b|o|og|c+s o||t||c+s (gc|+|mcntc b+st+ntc |nc|u-
s|v+s cvo|ut|v+mcntc) nio const|tucm + mc||o| un|o+oc oc +n+||sc n+ ct++ oo |+nc,+-
mcnto o+ consc|v+io sc n+ |+sc |mco|+t+mcntc scgu|ntc sc |ctcnoc |oc+| +s +ocs no
n|vc| mct+ou|+c|on+| (cm ||) O g|+noc ||sco ncstc c+so c nio octcct+| mct+ou-
|+ocs +mc++o+s oc cscc|cs o||t||c+s oc +m|+ o|st||bu|io c g|+nocs c|ct|vos ou-
|+c|on+|s uc tcm scu cst+oo oc +mc++ m+sc+|+oo c|o con,unto oc mct+ou|+ocs
(ou subcscc|cs) uc |ntcg|+m + cscc|c b|o|og|c+ como um tooo |m+ vcz nio |ocnt|-
c+o+s n+ ct++ oc |+nc,+mcnto cst+s mct+ou|+ocs (ou ||) nio sc|io obv|+mcntc
+|vos oc +ocs consc|v+c|on|st+s cm tcmo |+b|| num c|+|o |c,u|zo +|+ + |cvc|sio oo
scu cst+oo oc +mc++ |m+ +|tc|n+t|v+ sc||+ cons|oc|+| subcscc|cs sc+|+o+s cm vcz
oc cscc|cs o||t||c+s como +s un|o+ocs oc +n+||sc (vc| |^|C e: a' .ooe) m+s como ,+
mcnc|on+oo +c|m+ css+ |oost+ c oc o|||c|| |m|+nt+io c occnoc oc +m|+s |cv|socs
t+xonom|c+s cu|v+|cntcs cm cscoo uc|+s ncccss+||+s +|+ sc o|+gnost|c+| cscc|cs
|ogcnct|c+s ocnt|o oc cscc|cs o||t||c+s
, O C|| (com su+s cscc|cs o||t||c+s) c n+ vc|o+oc um concc|to ut|||z+oo s|stcm+t|c+-
mcntc +cn+s +|+ um+ m|no||+ oos g|uos t+xonom|cos not+o+mcntc +vcs c m+m|-
|c|os (|||||OV|z +,;; \Ô| .oo, ^|||XO .oo;) |m out|os g|uos oc vc|-
tcb|+oos como +n||b|os c|xcs c |ctc|s o concc|to oc subcscc|c c ut|||z+oo oc |o|m+
b+st+ntc cso|+o|c+ o mcsmo +contcccnoo com |nvc|tcb|+oos (cxccto bo|bo|ct+s) c
|+nt+s (z||| +,,; |^||O\C|O|C| ||||| +,,e \Ô| .oo, |^|C e: a'
.ooe) |o|t+nto num contcxto oc |cv|sio t+xonom|c+ +m|+ com v|st+s + o|+gnost|c+|
cscc|cs ou subcscc|cs v+||o+s + sc|cm cons|oc|+o+s como || c mu|to m+|s |og|co +
nio ut|||z+io oo C|| c oc cscc|cs o||t||c+s scnoo m+|s ,ust|c+vc| + +ooio oos con-
cc|tos |ogcnct|cos (seosa |^^C e: a' .oo|) uc sio +o mcsmo tcmo cons|stcntcs
com + ocn|io oc cscc|cs n+ m+|o| +|tc oos g|uos b|o|og|cos c com o concc|to oc
|| (z||| +,,; || e: a' .oo, \Ô| .oo, ^|||XO .oo;)
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|m oos ||nc|+|s +v+nos oo C|C| |o| cx||c|t+mcntc +om|t|| c |o+|+| o c+|+tc| sub,ct|vo
o+ +t||bu|io oc ||m|tcs cscc|cos |nc|cntc +o |occsso oc |cv|sio t+xonom|c+ |cstc scnt|oo
cscc|cs +ss+|+m + nio tc| um+ ocn|io +bso|ut+ oocnoo sc| oc||m|t+o+s oc mooo +|tc|n+-
t|vo +o |ongo oo |occsso oc c|+oogcncsc occnocnoo o+ c|gunt+ ou cn|ouc c|cnt|co oc
|ntc|cssc (|| ||||Oz .oo,) ^ss|m o |oco o+ b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io cm || ocm+no+ um+
ocn|io |+t|c+ oc cscc|cs com o ob,ct|vo oc m+x|m|z+| o |ccon|cc|mcnto c |cg|t|m|o+oc
t+xonom|c+ ocstcs +|vos o uc c |cn+mcntc cons|stcntc com + ocn|io +|b|t|+||+ oc csc-
c|cs |o|ncc|o+ c|o C|C| mct+ou|+ocs o||c|cnc|+o+s cm t|+,cto||+s cvo|ut|v+s o|st|nt+s (||
||||Oz .oo, ^|||XO .oo;) |cstc scnt|oo |cv+noo cm cons|oc|+io os +v+nos concc|tu+|s
|nt|oouz|oos c|o C|C| um+ +gcno+ oc t|+b+||o comum cnt|c t+xonom|st+s c consc|v+c|on|s-
t+s c |oost+ +b+|xo com |oco nio +cn+s n+ ^m+zon|+ m+s cm tooos os b|om+s b|+s||c||os
4. Reconhecendo a importncia da taxonomia para a biologia
da conservao: proposta de uma agenda de trabalho para o
sculo XXI
O cntcno|mcnto uc um o|+gnost|co +cu|+oo o+s ||o||o+ocs oc consc|v+io +|+ os b|om+s
b|+s||c||os occnoc o+ t+xonom|+ +|+ um+ ocn|io +o mcsmo tcmo ob,ct|v+ |+gm+t|c+ c
c|cnt|c+mcntc co||ct+ oc || +b|c um g|+noc c+mo oc |ntc|+io cnt|c + b|o|og|+ o+ consc|-
v+io c + t+xonom|+ ^ nov+ c|scct|v+ oc |ntcg|+io oc o||c|cntcs concc|tos oc cscc|c o|c|c-
c|o+ c|o C|C| +b|c um+ oss|b|||o+oc oc so|uio +|+ o +tc cntio |ntcnso c cont|ovc|so ocb+tc
sob|c concc|tos oc cscc|c (|| |^||^|| .oo| || ||||Oz .oo,) +o mcsmo tcmo
b|o|ogos consc|v+c|on|st+s c|cg+m + um conscnso sob|c + ut|||o+oc oc || c como c|+s ocvcm
sc| ocn|o+s cm tc|mos cvo|ut|vos (|| e: a' .oo,) |m+ g|+noc oo|tun|o+oc oc |ntcg|+io
cnt|c t+xonom|+ c b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io su|gc o+ ncccss|o+oc oc |cv|sio +m|+ o+ v+||o+oc
oc um+ g|+noc u+nt|o+oc oc t+xons ocsc||tos +tc |o,c +|go uc ocvc sc| +|c+n+oo +|+ o |c-
con|cc|mcnto c|ct|vo oc || |c+|s cv|t+noo-sc + oss|b|||o+oc oc uc c|+s |c|cscntcm u|os
+|tc|+tos t+xonom|cos |cstc scnt|oo como ,+ +|gumcnt+oo +ntc||o|mcntc ouco |mo|t+ sc
|| sc,+m cu|v+|cntcs + subcscc|cs v+||o+s ou cscc|cs |ogcnct|c+s o |+to c uc o |oco csscn-
c|+| ocvc sc| n+ v+||o+oc t+xonom|c+ oc cnt|o+ocs co||csonocntcs + ||
||o|ogos consc|v+c|on|st+s c +gcnc|+s govc|n+mcnt+|s oc |otcio +mb|cnt+| ncccss|t+m oc ||s-
t+s conscnsu+|s oc t+xons v+||oos com||+o+s o| cscc|+||st+s (sc,+ n+ ocnom|n+io oc csc-
c|cs ou subcscc|cs +mb+s cu|v+|cntcs + ||) +|+ o |+nc,+mcnto c cxccuio oc o||t|c+s oc
consc|v+io (|^|C e: a' .ooe) o uc v+|o||z+ sob|cm+nc||+ o +c| oo t+xonom|st+ ncst+s
+t|v|o+ocs |o| out|o |+oo css+ ocm+no+ cx|gc oos t+xonom|st+s um+ |o|uno+ |ccxio sob|c +
+o+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
n+tu|cz+ |nc|cntcmcntc +|b|t|+||+ oo |occsso oc oc||m|t+io oc cscc|cs c o|t+nto t+mbcm
sob|c + ncccss|o+oc oc sc +oot+| c||tc||os cx||c|tos +|+ cstc m cons|stcntcs com o cn|ouc
consc|v+c|on|st+ oc cscc|c |cstc scnt|oo + ocm+no+ consc|v+c|on|st+ ooc sc| um cst|mu|o
scm |cccocntcs +|+ + conc|ct|z+io o+ |c|cu|c+ t+|c|+ oc |cv|s+| +m|+mcntc + v+||o+oc oc
o|vc|sos t+xons nos o||c|cntcs g|uos b|o|og|cos + +|t|| oc c||tc||os cx||c|tos c o|vu|g+io ocs-
tcs |csu|t+oos num |o|m+to +o|on|z+oo
|o cu|to |+zo um+ |n|c|+t|v+ cxt|cm+mcntc |mo|t+ntc c + conso||o+io oc ||st+s t+xonom|-
c+s conscnsu+|s +|+ os o||c|cntcs g|uos b|o|og|cos uc oco||cm nos b|om+s b|+s||c||os |st+s
||st+s +|cm oc cons|st||cm num g|+noc +v+no o| s|ntct|z+|cm + |n|o|m+io sob|c + o|vc|s|o+oc
con|cc|o+ oc um octc|m|n+oo g|uo oc o|g+n|smos n+ |cg|io o|c|cccm um onto oc +|t|o+
+|+ + o|+gnosc oc |ob|cm+s t+xonom|cos +|no+ nio +bo|o+oos c|m|t|noo |nc|us|vc t|++|
um+ cst|+tcg|+ c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc mct+s +|+ o |ccnc||mcnto ocst+s |+cun+s ^s |nst|tu|-
ocs c|cnt|c+s b|+s||c||+s com um co|o oc cscc|+||st+s cm t+xonom|+ oc g|uos zoo|og|cos
botn|cos c m|c|ob|o|og|cos tcm um +c| |uno+mcnt+| ncst+ |n|c|+t|v+ o|s c|+s cong|cg+m
um+ m+ss+ c||t|c+ +|+ + o|scussio ocstcs conscnsos t+xonom|cos
^ss|m um+ +gcno+ oc t|+b+||o ooc||+ sc| |n|c|+o+ com + conso||o+io oc ||st+s oc t+xons
v+||oos o| t+xonom|st+s cscc|+||st+s +|+ scus |cscct|vos g|uos b|o|og|cos oc |ntc|cssc O
concc|to oc cscc|c ut|||z+oo cm c+o+ g|uo b|o|og|co ooc v+||+| cmbo|+ sc sug||+ + ut|||z+io
oo C|C| cm |+zio o+s su+s v+||+s v+nt+gcns ,+ o|scut|o+s +o |ongo ocstc +|t|go |o cnt+nto o
csscnc|+| c uc c+so sc otc +|tc|n+t|v+mcntc c|+ +ooio oo C|| t+mbcm sc,+m com||+o+s
||st+s conscnsu+|s oc subcscc|cs v+||o+s ou |unc|on+|s (seosa |^||O\C|O|C| +,s.) ou sc,+
cu,+ v+||o+oc t+xonom|c+ oss+ sc| com|ov+o+ ou no m|n|mo |+zo+vc|mcntc +sscgu|+o+ c|+
comun|o+oc oc cscc|+||st+s (|^|C e: a' .ooe) O |oco oo t|+b+||o sc|+ ||st+| cnt|o+ocs t+xo-
nom|c+s v+||o+s uc oss+m sc| |mco|+t+mcntc |ntc||ct+o+s como || c o|t+nto ut|||z+o+s
|ont+mcntc n+s ct++s oc |+nc,+mcnto c +ocs cm |o| o+ consc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc o|
+|tc o+ soc|co+oc c|v|| o|g+n|z+o+ c cnt|o+ocs govc|n+mcnt+|s (|| e: a' .oo,)
|um scgunoo momcnto + +gcno+ tc||+ uc sc| +m||+o+ +|+ o |cn+mcnto cont|nuo o+s ||s-
t+s |oouz|o+s o| mc|o o+ |nco|o|+io c||oo|c+ oos |csu|t+oos oc |cv|socs t+xonom|c+s c
t+mbcm o+ gc|+io oc ocm+no+s o| cstuoos t+xonom|cos cons|oc|+oos ||o||t+||os ou sc,+
|oc+oos n+uc|cs c+sos m+|s cont|ovc|sos ou m+| |cso|v|oos |cstc momcnto + +|t|c|+io
oc t+xonom|st+s cscc|+||st+s t+mbcm sc|+ csscnc|+| |cvcm-sc cst|mu|+| |cv|socs t+xonom|c+s
com c+|+ctc|cs oc o||c|cntcs o||gcns como o| cxcm|o +uc|+s uc |ntcg|cm c+|+ctc|cs mo|-
|o|og|cos + c+|+ctc|cs mo|ccu|+|cs
|+|+ + conc|ct|z+io ocst+s mct+s b+st+ntc +mb|c|os+s c ncccss+||o +ntcs oc tuoo uc t+nto
o|g+n|z+ocs nio govc|n+mcnt+|s (O|C) consc|v+c|on|st+s u+nto +gcnc|+s govc|n+mcnt+|s oc
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+o:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|otcio +mb|cnt+| c |omcnto c|cnt|co c|ct|v+mcntc com|ccno+m + |mo|tnc|+ c|+vc oc-
scmcn|+o+ c|+ t+xonom|+ n+ consc|v+io oos b|om+s b|+s||c||os c cstc,+m o|sost+s c |nvcs-
t|| |ccu|sos (cob|+noo |csu|t+oos |+t|cos) cm |cv|socs t+xonom|c+s c n+ |o|m+io c +m||+io
oo u+o|o oc t+xonom|st+s +tu+noo n+ |cg|io V+||+s cst|+tcg|+s ncstc scnt|oo +|t|cu|+|mcntc
no uc concc|nc cs|c|+ govc|n+mcnt+| +mb|cnt+| c c|cnt|c+ ,+ |o|+m +m|+mcntc o|scut|-
o+s c |oost+s com o |ntu|to oc c||+| um |o|tc |og|+m+ n+c|on+| oc csu|s+ cm t+xonom|+
(|^|||O|| e: a' .ooe vc| t+mbcm o ||og|+m+ oc |csu|s+ cm ||oo|vc|s|o+oc no s|tc |tt;;
b|o|n+govb|) |o cnt+nto cst+s ocvcm sc| +|no+ m+|s +b|+ngcntcs o+o+ + u|gcnc|+ cm sc
|cso|vc| o |ob|cm+ o+ |ncc|tcz+ t+xonom|c+ uc c|mc|+ o con|cc|mcnto sob|c os o|g+n|s-
mos oos b|om+s b|+s||c||os
|+|+ t+nto c csscnc|+| +o cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc um |og|+m+ n+c|on+| c|m+ncntc oc t+xonom|+
c co|cocs uc tcn|+ como ob,ct|vos ||nc|+|s
+ ^ +m||+io c o oct+||+mcnto oc |nvcnt+||os b|o|og|cos nos b|om+s b|+s||c||os
. ^ |cv|sio t+xonom|c+ gc|+| m+s com o ob,ct|vo ccnt|+| oc |ocnt|c+| nov+s cscc|cs
o| mc|o oc um+ +bo|o+gcm mu|t|o|sc|||n+| b+sc+o+ cm o||c|cntcs t|os oc c+|+ctc|cs
como o| cxcm|o voc+|s mo||o|og|cos c mo|ccu|+|cs
, O |o|t+|cc|mcnto oo +c| ccnt|+| oos muscus oc ||sto||+ n+tu|+| como |oc+|s uc +b||-
g+m |ccu|sos +|+ t|+b+||os t+xonom|cos |cg|st|os oc oco||cnc|+ tcc|oos c voc+||z+ocs
|c|c|cnc|+oos +t|+vcs oc cscc|mcs tcstcmun|o
O|Cs consc|v+c|on|st+s ooc||+m cont||bu|| o| mc|o oc |unoos cscc|cos uc +o|+sscm
n+ncc||+mcntc cstuoos t+xonom|cos c + |o|m+io oc t+xonom|st+s nos mo|ocs oo |og|+m+
|cc+ coo|ocn+oo c|o |nst|tuto |ntc|n+c|on+| oc |ouc+io oo ||+s|| (|||) (|tt;;www||cbo|g
b|) c +o|+oo o| v+||+s |uno+ocs
|+|+|c|+mcntc um |nco|to |og|+m+ n+c|on+| cscc|co o||cc|on+oo c+|+ctc||z+io mo|ccu|+|
o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ sc||+ oc v|t+| |mo|tnc|+ +|+ +tcnoc| s scgu|ntcs n+||o+ocs
+ ||+gnosc c|cnt|c+ c |ccon|cc|mcnto oc cscc|cs mo||o|og|c+mcntc s|m||+|cs (c||t|-
c+s) m+s gcnct|c+ c cvo|ut|v+mcntc o|st|nt+s +|no+ nio cons|oc|+o+s n+ sc|cio oc
+|c+s ||o||t+||+s +|+ + consc|v+io oos b|om+s b|+s||c||os
. |cscnvo|v|mcnto oc um+ b|b||otcc+ oc coo|gos oc b+||+ o+ v|o+ oc o|g+n|smos b|+-
s||c||os cm +|t|cu|+io com o |og|+m+ |ntc|n+c|on+| C|o| (Ccosc:ao /c :ne 8a.cae
c/ |/e) uc sc||+ + b+sc +|+ um s|stcm+ oc |nov+io n+ |ocnt|c+io oc o|g+n|smos c
+o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
|ooutos b|o|og|cos oc||v+oos +|+ o|gios oc |otcio +mb|cnt+| c sc+||z+io s+n|t+||+
com o|vc|s+s +||c+ocs comc|c|+|s |o|cnscs c c||m|n+||st|c+s
O |oouto ocstcs oo|s |og|+m+s n+c|on+|s c|m+ncntcs cm c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io +||+-
oo +|cc||+ com o scto| ||v+oo c|m|t||+ + conso||o+io oc ||st+s com|ct+s oc t+xons v+||oos
+|+ tooos os b|om+s b|+s||c||os c uc ooc|io sc| |ntc||ct+oos +|tc|n+t|v+mcntc como cscc|cs
b|o|og|c+s cscc|cs |ogcnct|c+s subcscc|cs ou || occnocnoo oo contcxto cn|oc+oo c |sso
cst|vc| o|son|vc| +|+ os v+||os g|uos b|o|og|cos n+|mcntc sc|+ oss|vc| |cmovc| o c|c|to o+
|ncc|tcz+ t+xonom|c+ uc t+nto +|gc o con|cc|mcnto sob|c + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+
Agradecimentos
^s |oc|+s +u| cont|o+s c o|scut|o+s |csu|t+|+m oc um |ongo c||ooo oc |ntc|+io c ocb+tc
com v+||os co|cg+s no ||+s|| c nos ||^ ou|+ntc o u+| |u| bo|s|st+ oo Consc||o |+c|on+| oc
|cscnvo|v|mcnto C|cnt|co c ccno|og|co (C|| +ux|||os n
o
.ooo,,;,;-, c ,,o|+,;.oo|-s)
||n|+ csu|s+ n+ ^m+zon|+ ou|+ntc os u|t|mos +nos tcm s|oo +o|+o+ c|+s scgu|ntcs |nst|-
tu|ocs c o|g+n|z+ocs ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (C|| +ux|||os n
o
,+o,,,;.oo,-
, ,;|oos;.oos-o |,o,s;;.oo;-+ c |;e.+.;.oo;-, ||||| ||||o) ||n|stc||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc
(||^;||O||O) Consc|v+io |ntc|n+c|on+| (C|-||+s||) à:coa' :.eo.e |caoaa:co (+ux|||os n
o

|||-o,+,e;. c ||| o,|,,e.) c wc'a w'a'/e |aoa (\\|-||+s||)
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
Referncias
^C^|O\ |-| O | | ||n|no+-|monos | C|+no+|| | | C|tt|cm+n C | |+cc | C |+|s|+|| ^ |u|-
v|s .oo| !c |m+ct o| scc|cs concct on b|oo|vc|s|ty stuo|cs !c u+|tc||y |cv|cw o| ||o|ogy
;, +e+-+;,
^|||XO ^ .oo. |o|ccu|+| systcm+t|cs +no t|c |o|c o| t|c v+|zc+-tc||+-|mc ccotonc |n t|c o|vc|s|-
c+t|on o| ncn,o.nas woooc|ccc|s (^vcs |cno|oco|+t|o+c) !c û| ++, e.+-e|o
__ .oo| ||sto||c+| o|vc|s|c+t|on o| + tc||+-|mc |o|cst b||o suc|scc|cs + |y|ogcog|+||c c|scc-
t|vc on t|c |o|c o| o|c|cnt |yot|cscs o| ^m+zon|+n o|vc|s|c+t|on |vo|ut|on ,s +,o,-+,+;
__ .oo; Concc|tos oc cscc|c c o ctc|no con|to cnt|c cont|nu|o+oc c oc|+c|on+||o+oc um+ |oost+
oc no|m+t|z+io oc c||tc||os +|+ o |ccon|cc|mcnto oc cscc|cs c|o Com|tc ||+s||c||o oc |cg|s-
t|os O|n|to|og|cos |cv|st+ ||+s||c||+ oc O|n|to|og|+ +, ..,-.|.
^|||C||| | .ooe |o ^v+n+ ||+s|| +o ||^ oc |u|+ o uc muoou oo onto oc v|st+ +mb|cnt+| n+
+gcno+ oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ C|cnc|+ ^mb|cntc ,. +,-,|
^||O | .oo, +xonom|c |n+t|on +no booy m+ss o|st||but|ons |n |o|t| ^mc||c+n |oss|| m+mm+|s
|ou|n+| o| |+mm+|ogy s| |,+-||,
^|O|O | ^ | | \|||| .oo+ ^ ncw .ooeas y|+nnu|ct (^vcs y|+nn|o+c) ||om w||tc s+no
|o|csts o| no|t|c|n ^m+zon|+n |c|u \||son |u|| ++, +,
^|V^|||C^ | | | | |o|ng | | ||vc||+ .oo. `c:na.nas s.aosco (C|+y +s|e) (|uccon|o+c) c
um+ cscc|c v+||o+ ^|+|+,ub+ +o ;,-;;
^||||^ | | | | \|C|||| | | |^|| .oo, Ccog|+||c v+||+t|on |n m|toc|ono||+| ||^ sc-
ucnccs o| +n ^m+zon|+n non+ssc||nc t|c ||+c|-sottco |+|bct com|cx Conoo| +o; ,.;-,,e
|^||O\C|O|C| C | +,s. Ccog|+||c v+||+t|on |co|ct|vcncss +no subscc|cs !c û| ,, eo+-eo,
|^||O\C|O|C| C | ||||| +,,e cc|cs subscc|cs +no |+ccs t|c |ob|cm o| un|ts o| m+n-
+gcmcnt |n consc|v+t|on |n | C ||c|m+n | ^||cn | !omson |um||n (cos) \||o +n|-
m+|s |n c+t|v|ty ||nc||cs +no tcc|n|ucs .|;-.,| C||c+go |n|vc|s|ty ||css C||c+go ||^
|^| | | C |cmos .oo+ |o wc ncco to ocv+|uc ^m+zon|+ +no ot|c| |+|gc t|o|c+| |o|csts ||-
vc|s|ty +no ||st||but|ons ; .|,-.,,
||||||C^^|| | O | CO||-|^| | | Oz (+,,;) C|yt|c b|oo|vc|s|ty +n ovc||oo|co scc|cs
+no ncw subscc|cs o| +ntb||o (|o|m|c+|||o+c) w|t| + |cv|s|on o| Ce.coa.a :,aoooa |n no|t|-
c+stc|n out| ^mc||c+ O|n|t|o| |onog| |s +++-+.s
+o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
C^|O||^|CO | | | ^ V|||||O ^ |O||||^ | ^\|| | ^|O | | |||O .oo+ ||oo|vc|-
s|o+oc n+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ +v+||+io c +ocs ||o||t+||+s +|+ + consc|v+io uso sustcnt+vc| c
|c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os |st+io ||bc|o+oc c |nst|tuto oc|o+mb|cnt+| io |+u|o ||+s||
CO||^| | | +,,; +xonomy +no consc|v+t|on c||c|cn +no cgg |u||ct|n o| t|c |||t|s| O|n|t|o|og|c+|
C|ub ++; +..-+,e
C|^||^|| | ^ O | | ||||||^-||O|| C | | | \^|| .ooo Cons|oc||ng cvo|ut|on+|y
|occsscs |n consc|v+t|on b|o|ogy |cnos |n |co|ogy +no |vo|ut|on +, .,o-.,,
|^CO^ | | | C||C|^ .oos !c g|c+t +mc||c+n |ntc|c|+ngc |n b||os + |y|ogcnct|c c|scct|vc
w|t| t|c gcnus cco |o| |co| +; +,.s-+,|,
||^||||| | | .oo, |c|o|cst+t|on |n ||+z|||+n ^m+zon|+ ||sto|y |+tcs +no conscucnccs Consc|v+-
t|on ||o|ogy +, eso-ess
||^||||| | | .ooe Cont+|n|ng ocst|uct|on ||om ||+z||s ^m+zon ||g|w+ys now |s t|c t|mc to g|vc
wc|g|t to t|c cnv||onmcnt |n occ|s|on-m+||ng |nv||onmcnt+| Consc|v+t|on ,, +s+-+s,
||z|^||C| | \ | | \|||^|| +,,o Ce.coa.a oaoa + ncw scc|cs o| +ntb||o ||om sout|wcs-
tc|n ^m+zon|+ !c û| +o;.,,-.|,
C^|^|-|||^ | | ^ |^|OO | |O||||C .oo. |csc||t|on o| + ncw scc|cs o| |cocs::a (^vcs
|s|tt+c|o+c) cnocm|c to ||+z|| 'e â ++, s+,-s+,
C|OV| C | .oo+ |||m+tc t+xonomy m|t|son|+n c||cs |n Com+|+t|vc |vo|ut|on+|y ||o|ogy m|t|-
son|+n |nst|tut|on ||css \+s||ngton | C ||^
|^|C | | ^ |||V|| | C|^|||| | | ||^|||| | | ||CC|| ||||^| | ||||O-
||| | | |O|^||| | C ||||| | | ||^| | | |O|| | |OC|| | |||||| | |
|||||||| .ooe +xonom|c cons|oc|+t|ons |n ||st|ng subscc|cs unoc| t|c | |no+ngc|co c-
c|cs ^ct Consc|v+t|on ||o|ogy .o +,s|-+,,|
|||||^| C | C | CO| | CO|OV|| | +,+s-+,|, C+t+|oguc o| b||os o| t|c ^mc||c+s +no t|c
+o,+ccnt |s|+nos |n ||c|o |uscum o| |+tu|+| ||sto|y |nc|uo|ng +|| scc|cs +no subscc|cs |nown to
occu| |n |o|t| ^mc||c+ |cx|co Ccnt|+| ^mc||c+ out| ^mc||c+ t|c \cst |no|cs +no |s|+nos o|
t|c C+||bbc+n c+ t|c C+|++gos ^|c||c|+go +no ot|c| |s|+nos w||c| m+y |oc||y bc |nc|uoco
on +ccount o| t|c|| |+un+| +n|t|cs ||c|o |uscum zoo|og|c+| c||cs C||c+go ||c|o |uscum o|
|+tu|+| ||sto|y
|||||OV|z | +,;; ||v|ng ncw wo||o mon|cys (||+ty||||n|) w|t| +n |nt|oouct|on to ||m+tcs C||-
c+go |n|vc|s|ty ||css C||c+go ||^
|| | | \^||| | | ^||O|| | | ||||| | C |^|||O| .oo, |noc|st+no|ng +no con||ont-
|ng scc|cs uncc|t+|nty |n b|o|ogy +no consc|v+t|on |cnos |n |co|ogy +no |vo|ut|on +s ,,;-eo,
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
||||| | |-| ||||O .ooe ||sto||c+| b|ogcog|+|y o| out| ^mc||c+n ||cs|w+tc| s|cs |ou|n+| o|
||ogcog|+|y ,, +|+|-+|,e
||^|^ .oo, ||st+ n+c|on+| o+ |+un+ b|+s||c||+ +mc++o+ oc cxt|nio
|tt;;wwwmm+govb|;o|t;sb|;|+un+;|nocxc|m (+ccsso cm ;;o+;.oos)
|^^C | | | | |^||| C | |^C| .oo| +xonom|c |n+t|on |ts |nucncc on m+c|occo|ogy +no
consc|v+t|on |cnos |n |co|ogy +no |vo|ut|on +, |e|-|e,
|||| | | | | |||| | | \|||| +,,; ||ogcog|+|y +no systcm+t|cs o| t|c 'aoocn'as ao.
:a:as (!+mno||||o+c) com|cx O|n|t|o| |onog| |s ,,,-,s+
__ +,,, cc|cs ||m|ts |n +ntb||os (|+ssc|||o|mcs !+mno||||o+c) t|c /,oc:nea'a saoaoeoss
com|cx !c û| ++e s,-,e
|||| | | | ^ ^|O|O| | |||| V^||| ^||C^zO | | \|||| .oo. |co|scovc|y o| +
c|yt|c scc|cs +no ocsc||t|on o| + ncw subscc|cs |n t|c /,oe.a neooe'aeoa com|cx (!+-
mno||||o+c) o| t|c |cot|o|cs !c û| ++, ,e.,;s
|||| | | | | |||| | | \|||| .oo;+ cc|cs ||m|ts |n +ntb||os (!+mno||||o+c) t|c w+|b||ng
+ntb||o (|,c.oeos .ao:a:c) com|cx !c û| +.| ++-.s
|||| | | | | |||| | | \|||| | | z||||| .oo;b cc|cs ||m|ts |n t|c :.ns:c..n'a com|cx
o| |e.ocs:c'a +ntb||os (|+ssc|||o|mcs !+mno||||o+c) \||son |ou|n+| o| O|n|t|o|ogy ++, ,,-;o
||C| .oo; ||C| |co ||st o| !|c+tcnco cc|cs + g|ob+| scc|cs +sscssmcnt ||C| |ub||c+t|ons c|v|ccs
|n|t C+mb||ogc |c|no |n|oo
|O||O| | | | V ||||| || C C|C||O +,,, |cso|ut|on o| t|c ocb+tc ovc| scc|cs conccts |n
o|n|t|o|ogy + ncw com|c|cns|vc b|o|og|c scc|cs concct |n | | ô+ms | | |otow (cos)
||occco|ngs o| t|c ..no |ntc|n+t|on+| O|n|t|o|og|c+| Cong|css +|;o-+|s. |||o|||c out| ^|||c+
|u|b+n |o|+nncsbu|g ^|||c+ oo u|
|^|O| | | | Oz | | \|||^|| +,,o C',:c.:ao:es a:ca'as + ncw scc|cs o| +ntb||o
||om wcstc|n ||+z|| !c \||son |u||ct|n +o. ,;+-,so
|OV|| | | .oo| |o|ccu|+| |y|ogcny +no |um+gc s|gn+| cvo|ut|on |n + t|+ns ^noc+n +no c||cum
^m+zon|+n +v|+n scc|cs com|cx |o|ccu|+| ||y|ogcnct|cs +no |vo|ut|on ,. ,+.,.,
|^C| C | .oo| !c |o|c o| t+xonomy |n scc|cs consc|v+t|on ||||oso||c+| |+ns+ct|ons o| t|c |oy+|
oc|cty o| |onoon | ,,, ;++-;+,
|^|||O|| | C |^C^||^| ^C |^||| .ooe ||oost+s oc cst|+tcg|+s c +ocs +|+ + con-
so||o+io o+s co|cocs zoo|og|c+s b|+s||c||+s |n ^ | |c|xoto | | oc V |+|bos+ | |cnczcs
| C |+|+ (cos) |||ct||zcs c cst|+tcg|+s +|+ + mooc|n|z+io oc co|cocs b|o|og|c+s b|+s||c||+s c +
+o)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
conso||o+io oc s|stcm+s |ntcg|+oos oc |n|o|m+io sob|c b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +s,-.++ Ccnt|o oc
Ccstio c cstuoos cst|+tcg|cos ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ ||+s|||+ ||+s||
||||^^|| | V ||||^| .oo, |||m+tc |otsots |n |o|nco |co|ct|vc v+|uc |o| gcnc|+| b|oo|vc|s|ty
+no t|c cccts o| t+xonomy Consc|v+t|on ||o|ogy +; ;.,-;,.
|||||| | | | ||||||C|^| | |||C|^ | |C^|^|| | | ^|^|^| | \||| | \|||||
.oos Out o| ^m+zon|+ +g+|n +no +g+|n c|soo|c c|oss|ng o| t|c ^nocs |omotcs o|vc|s|c+t|on
|n + |ow|+no |o|cst yc+tc|c| ||occco|ngs o| t|c |oy+| oc|cty o| |onoon sc||cs | .;, ++,,-++|.
||||||||| | ^ C C ||||||||| | ||OO| | | |||C||| \ | |O|^| C ^ | |O|-
|C^ C |O||O .oo, \||oc|ncss +no b|oo|vc|s|ty consc|v+t|on ||occco|ngs o| t|c |+t|on+|
^c+ocmy o| c|cncc +oo +o,o,-+o,+,
|O||z C +,,| |cn|ng `cvo|ut|on+|y s|gn|c+nt un|ts |o| consc|v+t|on |cnos |n |co|ogy +no |vo-
|ut|on , ,;,-,;,
|^V^||O-|C|||z^ ^ C ^ ||||O| .oo| ^n +|tc|n+t|vc scc|cs t+xonomy o| t|c b||os o|
|cx|co ||ot+ |cot|o|c+ | +-+,
|^|| ^ .oo; ||y|ogcog|+||c +ttc|ns mo|ccu|+| +no voc+| o|c|cnt|+t|on +no scc|cs ||m|ts |n :.n/
/cos :aaoa |o|ccu|+| ||y|ogcnct|cs +no |vo|ut|on || +,|-+e|
O||| | C .oo+ ||ogcog|++ c consc|v+io oc +vcs n+ |cg|io ^m+zon|c+ |n | | | C+ob|+nco ^ Vc-
||ss|mo ^ |o|c||+ | +wyc| | +ntos | | ||nto (cos) ||oo|vc|s|o+oc n+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+
+v+||+io c +ocs ||o||t+||+s +|+ + consc|v+io uso sustcnt+vc| c |c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os ,;
+o, |st+io ||bc|o+oc c |nst|tuto oc|o+mb|cnt+| io |+u|o ||+s||
||^||^| | | .oo+ Consc|v+t|on v+|uc o| |noccnocnt|y cvo|v|ng un|ts s+c|co cow o| tcst+b|c |y-
ot|cs|s Consc|v+t|on ||o|ogy +, ;so-;s,
|||| | | +,,| +,se C|cc|-||st o| b||os o| t|c wo||o V + - +e C+mb||ogc |uscum o| Com+|+t|vc
zoo|ogy |+|v+|o |n|vc|s|ty
||||O| ^ ^ C |+v+||o-|gucnz+ +,,, ^|tc|n+t|vc scc|cs conccts +s b+scs |o| octc|m|n|ng
||o||ty consc|v+t|on +|c+s Consc|v+t|on ||o|ogy +, |.;-|,+
|||||O| | | \ ||z|^||C| +,s, cc|c st+tus +no bc|+v|o| o| C,oo'aoas sao.:aeoaae
t|c |+mboo ^nts||||c ||om sout|wcstc|n ^m+zon|+ !c û| +oo e|,-e,.
||||Oz oc | .oo, ||nst |+y| +no t|c mooc|n concct o| scc|cs ||occco|ngs o| t|c |+t|on+| ^c+o-
cmy o| c|cnccs +o. eeoo-eeo;
__ +,,s !c gcnc|+| ||nc+gc concct o| scc|cs scc|cs c||tc||+ +no t|c |occss o| scc|+t|on + concc-
tu+| un|c+t|on +no tc|m|no|og|c+| |ccommcno+t|ons |n | | |ow+|o | |c||oc|c| (cos) |no-
|css |o|ms scc|cs +no scc|+t|on ,;-;, Ox|o|o |n|vc|s|ty ||css Ox|o|o |c|no |n|oo
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+os
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
||||| | V .oo, |+ttc|n |occss +no ||go| mcct c|+ss|c+t|on !c û| +.. |o,-|+,
|||||| | | | ^ |O||^| | C|||||| .oos ||^ cv|ocncc s|ows voc+||z+t|ons to bc + bcttc|
|no|c+to| o| t+xonom|c ||m|ts t|+n |um+gc +ttc|ns |n .ooeas ty|+nt-yc+tc|c|s |o|ccu|+|
||y|ogcnct|cs +no |vo|ut|on |s +,o-+,e
|||^ C C | |O||| C ||^|| .ooe |o|ccu|+| systcm+t|cs +no +ttc|ns o| o|vc|s|c+t|on |n |,
naa (|s|tt+c|o+c) w|t| scc|+| |c|c|cncc to t|c .:a'ea.c:s com|cx !c û| +., eeoeso
||V^ | | C |OV^| | C O||| | C +,,, ^ ncw scc|cs o| |,'e\e:as:es (|cno|oco|+t|o+c) ||om
c+stc|n ^m+zon|+ |u||ct|n o| t|c |||t|s| O|n|t|o|og|c+| C|ub ++, .oo-.oe
__ .oo. ||c|cnt|+t|on o| nc.c'a:es (|cno|oco|+t|o+c) +c|oss t|c ||vc| X|ngu ||+z|||+n ^m+zon|+
|ccogn|t|on o| + ncw |y|ogcnct|c scc|cs +no b|ogcog|+||c |m||c+t|ons |u||ct|n o| t|c |||t|s|
O|n|t|o|og|c+| C|ub +.. +s,-+,|
||V^ | | C ^ | ||^|| C ^ | |^ |O||C^ .oo, O ocst|no o+s +|c+s oc cnocm|smo o+
^m+zon|+ |cg+o|vc|s|o+oc + +.|-+,+
||V|||^ | | | C |||^ | |O||||C .oo, ^ ncw scc|cs o| â:oa |+|+|cct (|s|tt+c||o|mcs
|s|tt+c|o+c) ||om ||+z|| w|t| t+xonom|c |cm+||s on t|c â:oa sc's::a's com|cx !c û| +..
.,.-,o,
|| || | \ | C |^||^|| .oo| Oc|+t|on+| c||tc||+ |o| oc||m|t|ng scc|cs ^nnu+| |cv|cw o| |co-
|ogy |vo|ut|on +no ystcm+t|cs ,, +,,-.;;
|||^||| | .ooe ||^ .oo|.oo; c ob|+s oc |n||+cst|utu|+ n+ ^m+zon|+ C|cnc|+ ^mb|cntc ,.
,,||
O||^ | ^ | | |^| | |^C|| | |||O| .oos Commcnt on !c |+t|tuo|n+| C|+o|cnt |n
|cccnt cc|+t|on +no |xt|nct|on |+tcs o| |||os +no |+mm+|s c|cncc ,+, ,o+c
V^|| | | | CO||-|^| |||C|| | |||| .oos |ccts o| |utu|c |n||+st|uctu|c ocvc|o-
mcnt on t||c+t st+tus +no occu||cncc o| +m+zon|+n b||os Consc|v+t|on ||o|ogy .. +ooe-+o+,
\Ô| | | .oo, ||+gnos+b|c vc|sus o|st|nct cv+|u+t|ng scc|cs ||m|ts |n b||os ||oc|cncc ,, eo-es
\|||| | | | ^ ^|O|O +,,s ^ |cw |es'c.noas ^ntw|cn (^vcs !+mno||||o+c) ||om
|o|t|c|n ^m+zon|+n |c|u +no +o,+ccnt |cu+oo| t|c |o|c o| co+||c |ctc|ogcnc|ty o| c||+ |mc
|o|cst !c â ++, ,,,-,;e
\|||| | | | C O||| | ||||||||| .oo| ^ ncw scc|cs o| 'aoocn'as +nts||||c (^vcs
!+mno||||o+c) ||om t|c c||+ oo ||v|so| ^c|c ||+z|| !c û| +.+ +o,+-+o,,
\||^||| ^ .oo. ^ ncw scc|cs o| |o|cst-|+|con (|+|con|o+c /.as:a) ||om sout|c+stc|n ^m+zo-
n|+ +no t|c ^t|+nt|c |+|n|o|csts o| ||+z|| !c \||son |u||ct|n ++| |.+-||,
+o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
z||| | | +,,; cc|cs conccts |u||ct|n o| t|c |||t|s| O|n|t|o|og|c+| C|ub ++; ,;-+o,
__ .oo| !c |o|c o| subscc|cs |n obscu||ng +v|+n b|o|og|c+| o|vc|s|ty +no
m|s|c+o|ng consc|v+t|on o||cy ||occco|ngs o| t|c |oy+| oc|cty o| |onoon sc||cs | .;+ ,e+-,e|
z||| | | C | |^||O\C|O|C| | | ^\OO| | C ||^C|\|||-|^CO .ooo Ccnct|cs t+-
xonomy +no consc|v+t|on o| t|c t||c+tcnco C+|||o|n|+ Cn+tc+tc|c| Consc|v+t|on ||o|ogy +|
+,,|-+|o,
z||||| | +,,+-+,,, tuo|cs o| |c|uv|+n b||os n
o
+ e, ^mc||c+n |uscum |ov|t+tcs
z||||| | | +,,; cc|cs ||m|ts |n Caoc'ea.a .a'oa O|n|t|o|og|c+| |onog|+|s |s s|,-se|
__ .oo. cc|cs ||m|ts |n O||vc-b+c|co |o||+gc-C|c+nc|s (â:coc'as |u|n+|||o+c) \||son |u||ct|n ++|
.o-,;
z||||| | | \||^||| ^ .ooo cc|cs ||m|ts |n t+||-t|co y|+nnu|cts (|oea y|+nn|o+c) \||-
son |u||ct|n ++. ,+-ee
z||||| | | ^ \||^||| | C O||| .oo+ ^ c|yt|c ncw scc|cs o| yc+tc|c| (y|+nn|o+c :a
) ||om t|c cc||+oo |cg|on o| Ccnt|+| out| ^mc||c+ !c û| ++s ,e-;s
^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo
+)o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|lgura +. |||nc|+|s +|c+s oc cnocm|smo n+ ^m+zon|+ b+sc+o+s n+ o|st||bu|io oc vc|tcb|+oos tc||cs-
t|cs c o|vc|sos g|uos oc bo|bo|ct+s (m++ obt|oo oc ||V^ ct +| .oo,) C+o+ um+ ocst+s
+|c+s ossu| um g|uo oc cscc|cs cnocm|c+s nio com+|t|||+oo com out|+s +|c+s o uc +s
to|n+ |||+s com b|ot+s un|c+s oc||m|t+o+s c|os ||os ||nc|+|s (^m+zon+s;o||mocs |cg|o
|+oc||+ ++,os X|ngu c oc+nt|ns) num +|u|c|+go +m+zon|co |m |+zio oc +b||g+|cm
um+ b|ot+ un|c+ +s +|c+s oc cnocm|smo ^m+zon|c+s const|tucm un|o+ocs |oc+|s csscnc|+|s
+|+ + consc|v+io oo b|om+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
A biodiversidade brasileira como fonte de
medicamentos inovadores
Manoel Odorico de Moraes Filho
1. A biodiversidade brasileira
O novo m||cn|o t|+z como g|+noc ocs+o +|+ + c|cnc|+ b|+s||c||+ + cx|o|+io |+c|on+| c c-
c|cntc oo mc|o +mb|cntc ^ |csost+ +|+ css+ ucstio cncont|+-sc |noub|t+vc|mcntc n+ cx-
|o|+io sustcnt+vc| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc cu,os |csu|t+oos ocvc|io cont||bu|| +|+ + mc||o||+ o+
u+||o+oc c +m||+io o+ cxcct+t|v+ oc v|o+ o+ ou|+io b|+s||c||+
O con|cc|mcnto o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |c|cscnt+ um oos m+|s |mo|t+ntcs |uno+mcntos +|+ g+-
|+nt|| + sob|cv|vcnc|+ o+ cscc|c |um+n+ O ||+s|| ossu| + m+|o| b|oo|vc|s|o+oc oo |+nct+ c
mu|t+s o+s cscc|cs b|+s||c||+s sio cxc|us|v+s (cnocm|c+s) c |c|cv+ntcs +|+ + cconom|+ muno|+|
O tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o ocu+ um+ +|c+ oc s, m|||ocs |m` o uc |c|cscnt+ u+sc + mct+oc oc
too+ + ^mc||c+ oo u| com v+||+s zon+s c||m+t|c+s uc |nc|ucm o t|o|co um|oo no |o|tc o
t|o|co scm|+||oo no |o|ocstc c +|c+s tcmc|+o+s no u| ^s o||c|cn+s c||m+t|c+s cont||bucm
+|+ +s +|tc|+ocs cco|og|c+s |o|m+noo zon+s b|ogcog|+c+s o|st|nt+s c|+m+o+s b|om+s O +|s
+b||g+ sc|s b|om+s o|st|ntos |, cco||cg|ocs c |nc+|cu|+vc|s ccoss|stcm+s | |cc|so |cmb|+| uc
+b||g+ t+mbcm + m+|o| |coc ||o|og|+c+ oo munoo c um+ ||u|ss|m+ o|vc|s|o+oc soc|ocu|tu-
|+| |sscs b|om+s cstio |c|cscnt+oos c|+ ||o|cst+ ^m+zon|c+ (o|cst+ t|o|c+| um|o+) C++t|n-
g+ (o|cst+s scm|+||o+s) Cc||+oo (s+v+n+s c bosucs) |+t+ ^t|nt|c+ (o|cst+ t|o|c+| |uv|+|)
|+nt+n+| (|+n|c|c |nuno+vc|) c os |+m+s (c+mos oo su|) +|cm oo b|om+ m+||n|o c o+ zon+
costc||+ ooos sc c+|+ctc||z+m no gc|+| o| su+ g|+noc o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ cm |unio oos
o|vc|sos |occssos +o+t+t|vos
+ Coo|ocn+oo| oo |+bo|+to||o oc Onco|og|+ |xc||mcnt+| o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo Cc+|+ (||C)
|+noc| Ooo||co oc |o|+cs ||||o
+):
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
^ b|ot+ tc||cst|c b|+s||c||+ ossu| + |o|+ m+|s ||c+ oo munoo com +tc cscc|cs oc |+nt+s
suc||o|cs ( oo tot+| muno|+|) m+|s oc cscc|cs oc c|xcs oc +gu+ oocc cscc|cs
oc +n||b|os ( cnocm|cos) cscc|cs oc +vcs ( cnocm|c+s) cscc|cs oc m+m||c|os
( cnocm|cos) |ctc|s ( cnocm|c+s) c ooc tc| +tc m|||ocs oc cscc|cs oc |nsctos
^ v+st|oio c + o|vc|s|c+io oc cscc|cs o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ const|tucm-sc cm um oos
g|+nocs cc|c||os oc m+tc||+-||m+ oc |ooutos n+tu|+|s cx|stcntcs no munoo |st|m+-sc uc cc|-
c+ oc oo numc|o tot+| oc cscc|cs oo |+nct+ cstc,+m no ||+s||
2. Destruio da biodiversidade
|csmo com tooo cssc otcnc|+| cx|stcntc n+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc + su+ ocst|u|io nunc+ |o| tio
|ntcns+ |c +co|oo com o |c|+to||o o+ O|g+n|z+io o+s |+ocs |n|o+s G'coa' 8ca.es:,
Oa:'cc , ub||c+oo cm - m+|s oc oc tooos os ccoss|stcm+s oo |+nct+ cstio +mc-
++oos |cssc tot+| sio m+ngucs c |o|cst+s |o,c + ocm+no+ o| |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s
cxccoc cm + c++c|o+oc o+ c||+ |nt|c c + ocv+st+io o+s |o|cst+s n+ ^mc||c+
oo u| |o| oc m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs oos u+|s m|||ocs oc|cs no ||+s||
C+|cu|+-sc uc + c|o+ +nu+| +tc +u| +t|ngc cscc|cs |+|t|noo ocss+ |cm|ss+ c oss|-
vc| cons|oc|+| uc ouco m+|s oc o+s cscc|cs cst+|io tot+|mcntc cxt|nt+s +tc o +no
|+ cst|m+t|v+s m+|s css|m|st+s uc +om|tcm uc ,+ |o|+m c|o|o+s cc|c+ oc oc too+s +s
cscc|cs v|v+s oo |+nct+ c uc ooc|cmos +|no+ c|oc| m+|s n+s ou+s ||mc||+s occ+o+s
oo sccu|o XX| | c|+|o uc ocvc sc| cons|oc|+oo uc mu|t+s o+s cscc|cs sc cxt|ngucm o| |o-
ccssos cst||t+mcntc n+tu|+|s cnt|ct+nto cssc numc|o c |ns|gn|c+ntc c|to oo tot+| o|z|m+oo
Cons|oc|+noo + m+nutcnio oo +tu+| ccn+||o muno|+| cst|m+-sc uc +;, ou m+|s o+s cscc|cs
oc tooos os g|uos |ov+vc|mcntc ocs++|ccc|io nos |ox|mos +nos +o mcsmo tcmo cm
uc + ou|+io o+ c||+ oob|+|+ n+s |cg|ocs t|o|c+|s Como conscucnc|+ + |cssio sob|c
+s |o|cst+s +umcnt+|+ |+s cono|ocs soc|+|s +tu+|s css+ ocm+no+ |+|+ com uc cc|c+ oc
o+s +tu+|s cscc|cs v|v+s ocs++|c+ nos |ox|mos ocz +nos |+ csc+|+ oo tcmo cco|og|co +
|ccuc|+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c |+t|c+mcntc |m|ov+vc| |sscs |+tos con|m+m + u|gcnc|+ oc
sc |omovc| o||t|c+s ub||c+s +|+ con|ccc| c ut|||z+| o otcnc|+| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+
3. Biodiversidade e medicamentos
Os sc|cs v|vos +|cm oo scu mct+bo||smo oc subs|stcnc|+ |oouzcm um+ g|+noc v+||co+oc oc
mo|ccu|+s com o |ntu|to oc +m||+|-||cs + |cs|stcnc|+ c |+c|||t+|-||cs + |c|oouio io o|t+nto
^ ||oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ como |ontc oc mco|c+mcntos |nov+oo|cs
+),
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
comostos u|m|cos uc |unc|on+m como um+ v+nt+gcm cvo|uc|on+||+ +|+ + comct|io no
mc|o +mb|cntc |css+s mo|ccu|+s |cs|oc um tcsou|o |ncomcnsu|+vc| uc vcm sc|v|noo oc b+sc
+|+ + |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ ocsoc os scus ||mo|o|os um+ vcz uc os ||mc||os mco|c+mcn-
tos |c+|mcntc cc+zcs |o|+m conccb|oos + +|t|| oc ||nc||os +t|vos cxt|+|oos oc |+nt+s com
|o||co+ocs mco|c|n+|s ^ cx|stcnc|+ no +|s oc too+ css+ v+||co+oc oc b|om+s c |ncontcst+-
vc|mcntc + cc|tcz+ oc uc cx|stc um |ncomcnsu|+vc| otcnc|+| n+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ uc
ocvc sc| cx|o|+oo no scnt|oo oc |ocnt|c+| mo|ccu|+s uc oss+m sc| ut|||z+o+s +|+ +||c+io
o||ct+ n+ mco|c|n+ ou +|+ sc|v||cm oc mooc|os +|+ s|ntcsc oc |ooutos |+|m+co|og|c+mcn-
tc +t|vos |um+ |+sc |n|c|+| c |mo|t+ntc cx|o|+| o uc ,+ cx|stc oc c++c|o+oc |nst+|+o+ c +
cxc|t|sc n+ +|c+ ^ss|m cons|oc|+noo o v+sto con|cc|mcnto +cumu|+oo no cstuoo u|m|co
c |+|m+co|og|co oc |+nt+s cstc ocvc sc| um oos +|vos |c|c|cnc|+|s +|+ conso||o+io oc um
|o,cto ocst|n+oo cx|o|+io sustcnt+vc| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ ^|cm o|sso os o|g+n|s-
mos |nvc|tcb|+oos m+||n|os t+mbcm ocsont+m como um+ |ontc otcnc|+| +|+ + ocscobc|t+
oc novos |+|m+cos ^c|csccntcm-sc + csscs os |ungos uc ,+ |o|nccc|+m mo|ccu|+s uc sc|vcm
oc b+scs +|+ |mo|t+ntcs g|uos oc mco|c+mcntos como os +nt|b|ot|cos +nt|nco|+s|cos c
|munossu|csso|cs |o| m m+s nio mcnos |mo|t+ntcs ocvcm t+mbcm sc| +c|csccnt+oos os
vcncnos cxt|+|oos oc |ctc|s c +n||b|os cu,+ v+||co+oc c +bunonc|+ cm tooo o tc|||to||o b|+s|-
|c||o sc const|tucm num |mo|t+ntc cc|c||o oc ct|ocos com c|c|tos |+|m+co|og|cos v+||+oos
| |no|scns+vc| cn|+t|z+| uc o |ntc|cssc c|+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +|+ |oouio oc mco|c+mcntos
c|csccu com + conc|usio oo |o,cto gcnom+ |um+no um+ vcz uc o numc|o oc oss|vc|s +|vos
tc|+cut|cos +umcntou oc cc|c+ oc +|+ m+|s oc m||
4. Situao atual do mercado farmacutico internacional
|um contcxto cm uc + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc vcm scnoo |og|css|v+mcntc o|z|m+o+ c onoc cx|stcm
|numc|+s oocn+s uc c+|cccm oc um t|+t+mcnto scgu|o c cc+z c |mo|t+ntc cn|+t|z+| uc o
v+|o| oos |ooutos n+tu|+|s como |ontcs oc mco|c+mcntos +|+ + soc|co+oc c +|+ + cconom|+
oo |st+oo c |nc+|cu|+vc| Os numc|os oo mc|c+oo |+|m+ccut|co muno|+| +ont+m +|+ b|-
||ocs oc oo|+|cs o v+|o| o+s vcno+s no +no oc Cons|oc|+noo uc +|ox|m+o+mcntc
oos mco|c+mcntos vcno|oos n+s |+|m+c|+s sio |+b||c+oos + +|t|| oc mo|ccu|+s cxt|+|o+s oc
|ooutos n+tu|+|s ou oc cst|utu|+s u|m|c+s oc||v+o+s ( oc |+nt+s oc m|c|o|g+n|smos
c oc +n|m+|s) oocmos +||m+| uc +s vcno+s ocsscs |ooutos +t|ng||+m um+ |c|cv+ntc c|||+
cm to|no oc b|||ocs oc oo|+|cs ncssc mcsmo +no ^|cm oo |mo|t+ntc |+to| cconom|co
ocvc-sc |css+|t+| t+mbcm o v+|o| cst|+tcg|co uc |c|cscnt+ +|+ u+|uc| n+io + |noccnocn-
c|+ n+ |+b||c+io oc mco|c+mcntos com m+tc||+-||m+ oc||v+o+ oo |o||o +|s
+)
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
5. Situao atual da indstria farmacutica brasileira
O mc|c+oo |+|m+ccut|co b|+s||c||o g||+ cm to|n+ oc , b|||ocs oc oo|+|cs c ocu+ o o|t+vo |ug+| no
mc|c+oo muno|+| oc mco|c+mcntos |csmo +ss|m u+sc oos |nsumos |+|m+ccut|cos ut|||z+-
oos c|+ |noust||+ b|+s||c||+ sio |mo|t+oos o uc |m||c+ um s+|oo ncg+t|vo oc m+|s oc b|||ocs
oc oo|+|cs n+ b+|+n+ comc|c|+| b|+s||c||+ O ocb+tc sob|c + ncccss|o+oc oo |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+s
|noust||+s |+|m+ccut|c+ c |+|mou|m|c+ oo ||+s|| nio c |cccntc scnoo um oos +|gumcntos m+|s
ut|||z+oos +|+ uc o |st+oo oss+ g+|+nt|| o +ccsso o+ ou|+io + mco|c+mcntos +|tc oo o||c|-
to const|tuc|on+| s+uoc ^ c+|t+||z+io o+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ n+c|on+| oco|||o+ n+ cstc||+ oo
succsso oc vcno+s oos mco|c+mcntos gcnc||cos +||+o+ o|son|b|||z+io oc ||n|+s oc c|co|to oo
||||;||O|^||^ oss|b|||tou + mooc|n|z+io o+s |+nt+s |noust||+|s c o su|g|mcnto no +|s
oc cm|cs+s |+|m+ccut|c+s mooc|n+s c bcm cu|+o+s |nt|ct+nto + m+|o||+ ocss+s cm|cs+s nio
tcm cxc||cnc|+ cm csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc mco|c+mcntos |nov+oo|cs m+ntcnoo-sc +|n-
o+ occnocntc oc tccno|og|+s ocscnvo|v|o+s nos +|scs |noust||+||z+oos O |ccxo o+ |c| oc +tcn-
tcs uc |o|b|u + co|+ oc mco|c+mcntos ocscnvo|v|oos cm out|os +|scs +|no+ nio sc |cz scnt||
oc |o|m+ contunocntc n+s |noust||+s n+c|on+|s cm |unio oss|vc|mcntc oo succsso oc vcno+s
oos mco|c+mcntos gcnc||cos ^ +|t|| oo momcnto cm uc |ouvc| um+ s+tu|+io n+s vcno+s
oos gcnc||cos |+t+|mcntc comc+|io + ++|ccc| s|n+|s oc cx+ustio n+ cconom|+ ocss+s cm|cs+s
Com |sso + s|tu+io tcnoc + +g|+v+|-sc c ooc|+ |cv+| + um+ ocsn+c|on+||z+io |og|css|v+ oo sc-
to| + cxcm|o oo uc ,+ oco||cu com os |+bo|+to||os |co|cy c cuto ^ss|m c |m|csc|no|vc| uc
o govc|no cst+bc|c+ um |og|+m+ ou|+oou|o cnvo|vcnoo + comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ c os |+bo|+to-
||os |+|m+ccut|cos n+c|on+|s +|+ c|m|t|| o +|ovc|t+mcnto |+c|on+| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+
v|s+noo |oouio oc mco|c+mcntos O |n|c|o ocss+ |ong+ c+m|n|+o+ ooc|+ +ov|| nos mo|ocs
oc um |nst|tuto n+c|on+| oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ uc tcn|+ o| ob,ct|vo |oscct+| |+c|on+|mcntc
os b|om+s b|+s||c||os no scnt|oo oc |ocnt|c+| mo|ccu|+s com otcnc|+| tc|+cut|co +|+ o|son|b|-
||z+-|+s |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ n+c|on+| um+ vcz uc css+s |noust||+s nio o|socm oc |+bo|+to||os
oc |osccio c u|m|c+ comb|n+to||+
| |mo|t+ntc t+mbcm mcnc|on+| uc cm cu|to |+zo os mco|c+mcntos totc|+|cos cont|-
nu+m scnoo + oio m+|s v|+vc| c uc |cuc| mcno| |nvcst|mcnto n+ncc||o |o| |sso cx|stc
+tu+|mcntc um+ tcnocnc|+ no mc|c+oo |+|m+ccut|co b|+s||c||o oc |nvcst|| no ocscnvo|v|mcnto
oc tomco|c+mcntos um+ vcz uc o m+|co |cgu|+to||o oo scto| cncont|+-sc conso||o+oc c nio
oc|x+ ouv|o+s sob|c + ncccss|o+oc oc +tcnoc| ||o||t+||+mcntc + com|ov+io o+ su+ cc+c|+
c scgu|+n+ ^ busc+ oc |+nt+s com |o||co+ocs mco|c|n+|s +ssou cntio + const+| n+s ||o-
||o+ocs |nc|us|vc o+s cm|cs+s |+|m+ccut|c+s oc g|+noc o|tc | m+|s um cxcm|o oc como os
|ooutos o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc oocm sc +|cscnt+| como so|uio +|+ mc||o|+| + s+uoc o+ o-
u|+io c +|+v+nc+| + cconom|+ oo +|s
+),
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
|mbo|+ cx|st+m ccntcn+s oc mo|ccu|+s s|ntct|c+s n+tu|+|s c scm|ss|ntct|c+s ocos|t+o+s o|
csu|s+oo|cs |no|v|ou+|mcntc ou +ssoc|+oos + un|vc|s|o+ocs c |nst|tutos oc csu|s+ + b+sc
oc o+oos oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc ||o||co+oc |noust||+| (||||) most|+ uc +s ocz m+|o|cs |n-
oust||+s |+|m+ccut|c+s n+c|on+|s tcm +cn+s +tcntcs |c|+c|on+o+s com mo|ccu|+s o||g|n+-
o+s o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ o uc co||obo|+ + |oc|+ oc uc c ncccss+||o +|cscnt+| nov+s
oocs +|+ css+s cm|cs+s ^|cm o|sso c |mo|t+ntc s+||cnt+| uc css+ mcsm+ |noust||+ +tc
o |cscntc +|cm oc um totc|+|co uc ,+ vcm scnoo comc|c|+||z+oo c|o |+bo|+to||o ^c|c
nio ocscnvo|vcu ncn|um out|o mco|c+mcnto |nov+oo| uc| sc,+ c|c oc||v+oo oc substnc|+
n+tu|+| ou mcsmo s|ntct|co
6. Recursos humanos para prospeco de produtos naturais
no Brasil
|+|+ uc sc oss+ con|ccc| + contcnto c cx|o|+| oc |o|m+ sustcnt+vc| o otcnc|+| o+ b|oo|vc|-
s|o+oc |+z-sc ncccss+||+ + +|t|c|+io oc csu|s+oo|cs oc v+||+o+s cscc|+||o+ocs +tu+noo oc
|o|m+ |ntcg|+o+ com ob,ct|vos c mct+s |cv|+mcntc cst+bc|cc|oos ^ |osccio c c+|+ctc||-
z+io |+|m+co|og|c+ oc b|omo|ccu|+s c o scu +|ovc|t+mcnto n+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ c um
oos g|+nocs ocs+os uc sc +|cscnt+ +|+ os csu|s+oo|cs uc t|+b+||+m n+ +|c+ oc |oou-
tos n+tu|+|s |o ||+s|| + c|cnc|+ sc ocscnvo|vc ||nc|+|mcntc n+s un|vc|s|o+ocs onoc cstio os
nuc|cos m+|s |mo|t+ntcs n+ |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos os ||nc|+|s scto|cs |csons+vc|s
c|+ |oouio |ntc|cctu+| c os cc|c||os oc |oc|+s uc +||mcnt+m o ocscnvo|v|mcnto t+nto no
scto| |noust||+| como no oc sc|v|os O ||+s|| scgunoo o |||cto||o oos C|uos oc |csu|s+ oo
Consc||o |+c|on+| oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto C|cnt||co c ccno|og|co (C||) tcm g|uos oc
csu|s+ |cg|st|+oos o|st||bu|oos cm |nst|tu|ocs cng|ob+noo m|| csu|s+oo|cs com
||n|+s oc csu|s+ |cstcs g|uos sio o+ +|c+ oc c|cnc|+s b|o|og|c+s |cssc b+nco
oc o+oos |o|+m cncont|+oos g|uos oco|c+oos +o cstuoo o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c oc |ooutos
n+tu|+|s Os g|uos oc u|m|c+ |+|m+co|og|+ c b|otccno|og|+ cncont|+m-sc cnt|c os m+|s numc-
|osos o uc ocmonst|+ + cx|stcnc|+ no +|s oc um+ b+sc c|cnt|c+ so||o+ +|+ |ovc| |ocnt|c+|
c c+|+ctc||z+| mo|ccu|+s com +t|v|o+oc mco|c|n+| |csmo com tooo cssc otcnc|+| c o cons|-
oc|+vc| numc|o oc mo|ccu|+s cxt|+|o+s oc |ooutos n+tu|+|s cscc|+|mcntc |+nt+s +|no+ sio
ouc+s +uc|+s cx|o|+o+s c|+ |noust||+ o uc ocmonst|+ + ncccss|o+oc oc +g|cg+|-||cs o v+|o|
ncccss+||o |ocnt|c+noo otcnc|+|s +ocs tc|+cut|c+s
O s|stcm+ oc os-g|+ou+io b|+s||c||o tcm cont||bu|oo |o|tcmcntc +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
o+ c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ no +|s |ssc s|stcm+ tcm +umcnt+oo + +|t|c|+io oc +uto|cs b|+s||c|-
|os cm +|t|gos oc c||oo|cos |ntc|n+c|on+|s |c|cv+ntcs +|cm oc u+||c+| |oo|ocs c|csccntcs
oc csu|s+oo|cs c ooccntcs un|vc|s|t+||os c|cv+noo + u+||o+oc o+ csu|s+ c oo cns|no oc
+)o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
g|+ou+io |o|t+nto + os-g|+ou+io to|nou-sc um +|mct|o |mo|t+ntc +|+ mcnsu|+| o
otcnc|+| n+ c++c|t+io oos |ccu|sos |um+nos ncccss+||os +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |o-
,ctos vo|t+oos +|+ +|c+s cscc|c+s Como +bo|o+oo +c|m+ o +|ovc|t+mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc vo|t+oo +|+ + |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ cnvo|vc cscc|+||o+ocs tio o|vc|s+s como
o con|cc|mcnto oc t+xonom|+ cco|og|+ u|m|c+ zoo|og|+ botn|c+ u|m|c+ |+|m+co|og|+
|+|m+co|og|+ c||n|c+ +g|ob|o|og|+ b|ou|m|c+ b|o|og|+ mo|ccu|+| gcnct|c+ cnt|c out|os |+t+-
sc o|t+nto oc um+ +t|v|o+oc mu|t|o|sc|||n+| cu,+ +|t|c|+io |ntcg|+o+ oc tooos os +to|cs
c |m|csc|no|vc| +|+ o succsso oc u+|uc| |o,cto vo|t+oo +|+ o tcm+ |cssc scnt|oo c |m-
o|t+ntc o con|cc|mcnto oo otcnc|+| oos nossos |og|+m+s oc os-g|+ou+io uc cstio oc
+|gum+ |o|m+ vo|t+oos +|+ o cstuoo o+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ oo +|s |mbo|+ o scto| oc c|cn-
c|+s +g|+||+s o| ocn|io cstc,+ tooo c|c cnvo|v|oo com + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc o |stcm+ |+c|on+|
oc |os-C|+ou+io o+ Coo|ocn+io oc ^c||c|o+mcnto oc |csso+| oc ||vc| uc||o| (C+cs)
|cg|st|+ uc oos |og|+m+s +|cscnt+m ||n|+s oc csu|s+ |c|+c|on+o+s com o cstuoo
o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |os |og|+m+s o+ g|+noc +|c+ oc c|cnc|+s b|o|og|c+ +|cscnt+m ||-
n|+s oc csu|s+ com +|gum+ |c|+io com o con|cc|mcnto o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |o uc o|z |cs-
c|to +os |og|+m+s o+s c|cnc|+s o+ s+uoc +cn+s |og|+m+s |c|c|cm + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
n+s su+s ||n|+s oc csu|s+ |o| out|o |+oo n+s c|cnc|+s cx+t+s c o+ tc||+ +s ||n|+s oc csu|s+
cnvo|vcnoo |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s cstio |nc|u|o+s ||nc|+|mcntc no |og|+m+s oc occ+nog|++ c
u|m|c+ mu|to cmbo|+ tcn|+ s|oo mcnc|on+o+ t+mbcm cnt|c os oc gcoc|cnc|+s comut+io
c ||s|c+ c||+zcnoo um tot+| oc ,, |og|+m+s |+s cngcn|+||+s o |ntc|cssc c|+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
cst+ |cscntc cm |og|+m+s ocnt|c c|cs os oc cngcn|+||+ occn|c+ u|m|c+ c +mb|cnt+| |os
mu|t|o|sc|||n+|cs ocst+c+m-sc os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c mc|o +mb|cntc c|cnc|+s +mb|cn-
t+|s b|otccno|og|+ c cns|no oc c|cnc|+s cnt|c os |og|+m+s uc |c|c|cm + o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|o-
g|c+ n+s su+s ||n|+s oc csu|s+ |o| |m oocmos +||m+| uc oos |og|+m+s tcm
csu|s+oo|cs t|+b+||+noo cm +|gum scto| |c|+c|on+oo b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ou sc,+ u+sc oc
too+s +s os-g|+ou+ocs b|+s||c||+s |sscs numc|os sio +|cnt+oo|cs c ocmonst|+m uc + c|cnc|+
b|+s||c||+ cst+ |c+|+o+ +|+ +ssum|| novos ocs+os no uc o|z |csc|to cx|o|+io sustcnt+-
vc| o+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ oo +|s
|m |o| |ccomcno+oo c|+ C+cs o |og|+m+ oc os-g|+ou+io cm ||otccno|og|+ - ||-
|O|||O (|coc |o|ocstc oc ||otccno|og|+) - uc +ssoc|+ +s comctcnc|+s cx|stcntcs cm un|-
vc|s|o+ocs oo |o|ocstc com o |ntu|to oc c++c|t+| |ccu|sos |um+nos cm n|vc| oc oouto|+oo
+|no+ c+|cntcs n+ |cg|io |m |cccntc co|t+| |+n+oo c|o C|| +|+ n+nc|+| +s csu|s+s |c|+-
c|on+o+s com +s tcscs cm +no+mcnto |o| const+t+oo uc ocsscs t|+b+||os cst+v+m |c|+c|o-
n+oos com +|c+ oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s | m+|s um cxcm|o |mo|t+ntc oo com|omct|mcnto oo
cns|no oc os-g|+ou+io com o cstuoo o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+
+))
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
7. Investimentos pblicos para o conhecimento da
biodiversidade brasileira
|os u|t|mos +nos os |nvcst|mcntos oo govc|no |coc|+| cm c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ com|ccnoc|+m
t+mbcm co|t+|s +|+ n+nc|+| csu|s+s ocst|n+o+s + con|ccc| + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ |os
|nst|tutos n+c|on+|s oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ +|ov+oos c|o C|| cnvo|vcm oc +|gum+
|o|m+ +t|v|o+ocs |c|+c|on+o+s +o cstuoo o+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ cscc|+|mcntc os |nvcnt+||os
sob|c + comos|io oos b|om+s b|+s||c||os |nt|ct+nto ocvc-sc cn|+t|z+| uc ncn|um oc|cs tcm
como ob,ct|vo |oscct+| mo|ccu|+s com otcnc|+| |+|m+ccut|co
Out|o cxcm|o oc n+nc|+mcnto ub||co bcm succo|oo c o |+bo|+to||o |+c|on+| oc Onco-
|og|+ |xc||mcnt+| o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo Cc+|+ (|O|) uc vcm sc oco|c+noo |oscc-
io oc nov+s mo|ccu|+s com otcnc|+| +nt|cncc| cxt|+|o+s oc |ooutos n+tu|+|s ^ onco|o-
g|+ cxc||mcnt+| |ocu|+ cstuo+| os mcc+n|smos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo cncc| cm mooc|os
cxc||mcnt+|s +ss|m como csu|s+| +s oss|vc|s |o|m+s oc t|+t+-|os O |O| vcm ocsoc +,s,
|c+||z+noo csu|s+s oc |osccio oc nov+s mo|ccu|+s com otcnc|+| +t|v|o+oc +nt|tumo|+|
cm |+nt+s o|g+n|smos m+||n|os tox|n+s +n|m+|s c m|c|oo|g+n|smos |cssc scnt|oo cst+-
bc|cccu um+ cxtcns+ co|+bo|+io com csu|s+oo|cs oc un|vc|s|o+ocs oc tooo o +|s
com v|st+s c||+io o+ |coc |+c|on+| +|+ ||osccio oc |+|m+cos ^nt|cncc| |+|s oc ,
m|| mo|ccu|+s |o|+m cstuo+o+s +tc o momcnto o+s u+|s +|cscnt+|+m +|gum t|o oc
+t|v|o+oc c|totox|c+ |cnt|c css+s tcm um otcnc|+| |om|sso| ^tu+|mcntc t|cs |noust||+s
|+|m+ccut|c+s n+c|on+|s most|+|+m-sc |ntc|css+o+s cm com+|t|||+| os cstuoos subscucntcs
ncccss+||os +|+ cst+bc|ccc| o otcnc|+| uso ocss+s mo|ccu|+s cm sc|cs |um+nos |cccntc-
mcntc o |O| |o| sc|cc|on+oo o| mc|o oo co|t+| |C-C|| ; C-^||| - | ; +|+
|cccbc| os |ccu|sos ncccss+||os |m|+nt+io o+s bo+s |+t|c+s |+bo|+to||+|s (|||) c +ss|m
como |+bo|+to||o n+c|on+| oc |c|c|cnc|+ n+ +|c+ oc |osccio oc mo|ccu|+s com otcnc|+|
+t|v|o+oc +nt|nco|+s|c+ ooc| +tcnoc| +s ncccss|o+ocs o+ |noust||+ n+c|on+| ocnt|o oos +-
o|ocs |cuc||oos |ntc|n+c|on+|mcntc c|os o|gios |cgu|+mcnt+oo|cs oo |cg|st|o oc mco|-
c+mcntos | |mo|t+ntc s+||cnt+| uc +s un|vc|s|o+ocs c ccnt|os oc csu|s+ sio os un|cos
|ovcoo|cs oc mo|ccu|+s c b+scs mco|c+mcntos+s +|+ + |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ n+c|on+| o
uc ,ust|c+ + b|o|osccio c c+|+ctc||z+io oc mo|ccu|+s o||uno+s oc |ooutos n+tu|+|s +
c||+io oc um b+nco oc cxt|+tos c um+ b|b||otcc+ oc b|omo|ccu|+s
|m n|vc| cst+ou+| |no|scut|vc|mcntc o ||og|+m+ ||ot+;|+cs |c|cscnt+ um o|v|so| oc +gu+s
cnt|c + |m|csc|no|vc| ct++ oos |nvcnt+||os sob|c + comos|io o+ b|ot+ c um |og|+m+ oc
csu|s+s cm consc|v+io c uso sustcnt+vc| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc |cssc scnt|oo o |og|+m+ ||o-
||z+ t+nto + |mo|t+ntc t+|c|+ oc ocsc|cvc| c c+t+|og+| cscc|cs como t+mbcm ocscnvo|vc|
|o,ctos oc csu|s+ uc |nco|o|cm os +scctos cst|utu|+|s c |unc|on+|s o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +
+)s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
o|st||bu|io cs+c|+| c tcmo|+| oos o|g+n|smos c +s |c|+ocs cnt|c scus comoncntcs nos o|vc|-
sos n|vc|s o|g+n|z+c|on+|s bcm como + v+|o||z+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc tcnt+noo cst+bc|ccc| um
v|ncu|o cnt|c os sc|v|os c |ooutos o+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ c os s|stcm+s |oout|vos
8. Prospeco de molculas da biodiversidade brasileira com
potencial atividade teraputica
O g|+noc ocs+o +|+ o +|ovc|t+mcnto |+c|on+| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ v|s+noo |oou-
io oc mco|c+mcntos c scm ouv|o+ como t|+ns|o|m+| o nosso |mcnso +t||mon|o gcnct|co
n+tu|+| cm ||ucz+s c||+noo |noust||+s oc b+sc tccno|og|c+ c gc|+noo cm|cgos u+||c+oos
|os o|+s +tu+|s cm |unio o+ |cocu+io muno|+| com + consc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c|cs-
cc + ncccss|o+oc oc |og|+m+s uc ut|||zcm os mooc|nos mctooos c tccn|c+s b|otccno|og|-
c+s como o |C| (c',oease .nao ea.:co) |^|| (aoaco', ao'ea c',ocnso |`^)
^||| (ao'ea /aoeo: 'eon c',ocnsos) ||| ( aces.eo: o s:a n,oaa:co) |||-
V|| (ae.: .saa' n,oaa:co) | (:ssae o.caa,s) | (nn :ncana: s.eeoo) e |C
(nn.co:eo: s.eeoo) o| mc|o oc um |o,cto mu|t|o|sc|||n+| oc mb|to n+c|on+| ut|||z+noo
um+ |coc cooc|+t|v+ +|+ |ntcg|+| csu|s+oo|cs o+s +|c+s oc t+xonom|+ m|co|og|+ b+ctc||o-
|og|+ botn|c+ zoo|og|+ |c|cto|og|+ b|o|og|+ cc|u|+| c mo|ccu|+| gcnct|c+ b|ou|m|c+ u|m|-
c+ oc |ooutos n+tu|+|s u|m|c+ |+|m+ccut|c+ c |+|m+co|og|+ +|+ + cx|o|+io c+|+ctc||z+io
c +v+||+io oo otcnc|+| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ com o |ntu|to oc |ocnt|c+| mo|ccu|+s com
+t|v|o+oc tc|+cut|c+ uc oss+m sc| ut|||z+o+s c|+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ n+c|on+| no ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto oc mco|c+mcntos |nov+oo|cs
9. A experincia da Extracta
^ |xt|+ct+ |o|ccu|+s |+tu|+|s ;^ c um+ cm|cs+ oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto uc |o| c||+o+
cm +,,s o| c|cnt|st+s c |nvcst|oo|cs |ntc|css+oos no cm|cs+mcnto tccno|og|co cm b|oo|vc|s|-
o+oc b|+s||c||+ |m conscgu|u o |nco|t|smo oc sc to|n+| + ||mc||+ cm|cs+ ||v+o+ b|+s|-
|c||+ + obtc| um+ ||ccn+ cscc|+| oo ||n|stc||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc +|+ +ccss+| c+t+|og+| c +n+-
||s+| + g|+noc v+||co+oc oc tou|m|cos o+s |+nt+s b|+s||c||+s |+ntcm um b+nco com m+|s oc
m|| +most|+s oc cxt|+tos vcgct+|s ||+ocs c substnc|+s u|+s obt|oos oc u+sc m|| cscc|cs
oc |+nt+s o+ |+t+ ^t|nt|c+ c o+ ||o|cst+ ^m+zon|c+ ^tu+|mcntc t|+b+||+ cm co|+bo|+io
com out|+s cm|cs+s c |nst|tu|ocs oc csu|s+ c cst+ cm |+sc oc cx+nsio +|+ |osccio cm
out|os b|om+s c +|+ +b|+ngc| +most|+s cxt|+|o+s oc +n|m+|s m|c|o-o|g+n|smos c o|g+n|smos
+),
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
m+||n|os |xcm|os ocss+ n+tu|cz+ ocvcm sc| |nccnt|v+oos c +o|+oos como |o|m+ oc +cc|c|+|
o con|cc|mcnto oo otcnc|+| oos |ooutos n+tu|+|s oo +|s c o+ su+ +||c+io comc|c|+|
10. Acesso biodiversidade
^tu+|mcntc o con,unto oc no|m+s |c|s c o||ct||zcs uc |cgu|+m o +ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc no
||+s|| +|no+ sio |+to|cs ||m|t+ntcs +|+ + b|o|osccio oc mo|ccu|+s |cccntcmcntc o C||
c||ou c||tc||os +|+ o c+o+st|+mcnto oc |nst|tu|ocs uc cxc|ccm +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ c ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto n+s +|c+s b|o|og|c+s c +|ns o| mc|o o+ |cso|uio |o|m+t|v+ ; uc t+mbcm
cst+bc|ccc +|mct|os +|+ uc css+s |nst|tu|ocs obtcn|+m +uto||z+io +|+ +ccss+| +most|+s
oc comoncntcs oo +t||mon|o gcnct|co c |cmctc-|+ |nst|tu|io sco|+o+ no +|s ou no cxtc-
||o| cxc|us|v+mcntc +|+ ns oc csu|s+ |sc|+-sc uc cssc novo m+|co |cgu|+to||o oss+ +tu+|
como um |+c|||t+oo| oo +ccsso oos csu|s+oo|cs + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+
11. Molculas farmacologicamente ativas na biodiversidade
Os mct+bo||tos sccuno+||os sio mo|ccu|+s |oouz|o+s o| +n|m+|s |+nt+s |ungos b+ctc||+s
c |otozo+||os cm |csost+ + cst|mu|os cxtc|nos t+| como muo+n+s nut||c|on+|s +|tc|+ocs
c||m+t|c+s |n|ccocs c comct|ocs |u|tos ocstcs mct+bo||tos |o|+m |so|+oos como comos-
tos b|o|og|c+mcntc +t|vos ocmonst|+noo g|+noc otcnc|+| tc|+cut|co c scnoo ut|||z+oos o|
sccu|os +|+ t|+t+| oocn+s O sccu|o XX +|cscntou um +v+no cxt|+o|o|n+||o n+ csu|s+ oc
|ooutos n+tu|+|s |o|c|+noo + ocscobc|t+ oc o|vc|s+s substnc|+s |o,c o|son|vc|s no +|scn+|
mco|co tc|+cut|co |o|t+nto os |ooutos n+tu|+|s cxt|+|oos oc |+nt+s m|c|o-o|g+n|smos o|-
g+n|smos m+||n|os c tox|n+s +n|m+|s cont|nu+m scnoo oc c+|t+| |mo|tnc|+ +|+ + |nov+io
no scto| |+|m+ccut|co c nc|cs ocvcm cst+| ccnt|+o+ + b|o|osccio oc nov+s mo|ccu|+s
12. Outros pontos relevantes
|m sc t|+t+noo o+ ut|||z+io oc mo|ccu|+s |oscct+o+s n+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +|+ o ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto oc mco|c+mcntos |nov+oo|cs ocvc-sc |cv+| cm cons|oc|+io uc + csu|s+ c o ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto oc mco|c+mcntos cnvo|vcm um cstuoo mu|t|o|sc|||n+| |n|c|+oo c|+ +bo|o+gcm
u|m|c+ |ocnt|c+io oc +|vos tc|+cut|cos tcstcs |+|m+co|og|cos c tox|co|og|cos |c-c||n|cos
cm +n|m+|s tccn|c+s oc |o|mu|+ocs |+|m+ccut|c+s cu|m|n+noo com + +v+||+io o+ scgu|+n+
c cc+c|+ cm sc|cs |um+nos |nt|ct+nto no ||+s|| +|guns c|os o+ c+oc|+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
+so
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
oc mco|c+mcntos +|no+ sio ||+cos ou mcsmo |ncx|stcntcs ^|guns scto|cs como o o+ |+|m+-
co|og|+ o+ u|m|c+ oc |ooutos n+tu|+|s o+ b|ou|m|c+ o+ |+|m+co|og|+ c||n|c+ c o+ csu|s+
c||n|c+ sc ocst+c+m c|+ cxcc|cnc|+ o+ |oouio c|cnt|c+ oos scus csu|s+oo|cs c c|o numc-
|o oc |oss|on+|s cnvo|v|oos no t|+b+||o Out|os como + u|m|c+ comb|n+to||+ + tox|co|og|+
|c-c||n|c+ c + tccno|og|+ |+|m+ccut|c+ +|cscnt+m occ|cnc|+ t+nto n+ u+||o+oc u+nto n+
u+nt|o+oc oos |oss|on+|s ncccss+||os +|+ +tcnoc|cm + ocm+no+ o+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+
^c|csccntc-sc + csscs o |nsuc|cntc numc|o oc botn|cos c zoo|ogos s|stcm+t+s |m|csc|no|vc|s
|ocnt|c+io c c|+ss|c+io o+s cscc|cs cstuo+o+s
^ c+oc|+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc mco|c+mcntos c scucnc|+| o uc |m||c+ + ncccss|o+oc oc
cum||| c+o+ ct++ oo |occsso +ntcs oc g+|g+| o +t+m+| scgu|ntc |sso s|gn|c+ o| cxcm-
|o uc os cns+|os c||n|cos somcntc ooc|io sc| |n|c|+oos u+noo os tcstcs tox|co|og|cos |c-
c||n|cos |o|cm conc|u|oos com|ov+noo + scgu|+n+ oc um octc|m|n+oo |+|m+co ^ comu-
n|o+oc c|cnt|c+ b|+s||c||+ oc||ont+-sc +tu+|mcntc com + occ|cnc|+ oc +n|m+|s oc u+||o+oc
+|+ +tcnoc| + ocm+no+ oos tcstcs |c-c||n|cos ncccss+||os +|+ +tcnoc| +s cx|gcnc|+s |cgu-
|+to||+s |cuc||o+s +|+ o |cg|st|o oc mco|c+mcntos |o|t+nto o +|s |cc|s+ u|gcntcmcntc
oc b|otc||os uc oss+m +tcnoc| + ocm+no+ |c||m|o+ cx|stcntc no scto| |sscs sio +cn+s
+|guns oos g+|g+|os octcct+oos n+ ot|c+ o+ csu|s+ ocscnvo|v|mcnto c |nov+io o+ +|c+ oc
|+|m+cos c mco|c+mcntos
13. Consideraes nais
|mbo|+ mu|to +|no+ ncccss|tc sc| |c+||z+oo ooc-sc cons|oc|+| uc +s +t|v|o+ocs ocscnvo|v|o+s
no +|s ocmonst|+m oc |o|m+ |ncu|voc+ o com|omct|mcnto oo govc|no c oos csu|s+-
oo|cs b|+s||c||os com + |csc|v+io c con|cc|mcnto o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc Contuoo + cx|o|+io
sustcnt+vc| cont|nu+ scnoo um g|+noc ocs+o |m |csumo
O ||+s|| ossu| + m+|o| b|oo|vc|s|o+oc oo |+nct+
^s v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s nos o|vc|sos b|om+s oo +|s cont||bucm +|+ uc os sc|cs v|vos
ocss+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc s|ntct|zcm um+ |+|g+ v+||co+oc oc mo|ccu|+s +o+t+t|v+s
^ ocst|u|io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc nunc+ |o| tio |ntcns+ o uc tcm |cv+oo cxt|nio oc |nu-
mc|+s cscc|cs +ntcs mcsmo oc sc|cm +v+||+o+s u+nto +o scu otcnc|+| oc |oouz||cm
mo|ccu|+s |+|m+co|og|c+mcntc +t|v+s
|x|stcm v+||os |og|+m+s ocst|n+oos +o con|cc|mcnto o+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ b|+s||c||+
t|+b+||+noo |so|+o+mcntc
+s+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
O +|s nio o|soc oc um |og|+m+ oc +b|+ngcnc|+ n+c|on+| ocst|n+oo cscc|c+mcntc
b|o|osccio oc mo|ccu|+s com +t|v|o+oc |+|m+co|og|c+
^cs+| oos cs|o|os o+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ c oo scto| cm|cs+||+| o +mb|cntc |cgu|+-
to||o +|no+ c ocscst|mu|+ntc +|+ + |osccio o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
^s co|cocs zoobotn|c+s +s b|b||otcc+s oc m|c|o-o|g+n|smos os b+ncos oc gc|mo|+s-
m+ os |c|b+||os os muscus ctc cstio subut|||z+oos o|s tcm sc|v|oo +cn+s +o |oo-
s|to o+ |ocnt|c+io t+xonom|c+
|x|stcm |numc|+s |n|c|+t|v+s oc cxcc|cntcs g|uos oc csu|s+ n+ b|o|osccio oc mo-
|ccu|+s m+s vcm +tu+noo |so|+o+mcntc c sc oco|c+noo ||nc|+|mcntc +os tou|m|cos
^s ocm+|s |ontcs oc b|omo|ccu|+s ||nc|+|mcntc m|c|o-o|g+n|smos c o|g+n|smos m+||-
n|os +|no+ sio ncg||gcnc|+o+s c ouco con|cc|o+s c|+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ b|+s||c||+
|x|stc um g|+noc otcnc|+| cm |ccu|sos |um+nos ,+ o|son|vc|s +|+ + cx|o|+io sus-
tcnt+vc| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ cnt|ct+nto +|no+ |+ ncccss|o+oc oc cst|mu|os +|+
o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc +|guns scto|cs cons|oc|+oos ||o||t+||os
^ |oouio oc +n|m+|s oc |+bo|+to||o oc u+||o+oc c |nsuc|cntc +|+ +tcnoc| + ocm+n-
o+ o+s csu|s+s |c-c||n|c+s com mo|ccu|+s cxt|+|o+s oc |ooutos n+tu|+|s
^cs+| o+ ||ucz+ oc cscc|cs oc |+nt+s n+t|v+s + m+|o||+ oos tomco|c+mcntos co-
mc|c|+||z+oos no ||+s|| cst+ b+sc+o+ cm cscc|cs cxot|c+s
Os |og|cssos n+ b|otccno|og|+ (gcnom|c+ t|+nsc||tom|c+ mct+bo|om|c+ c |otco-
m|c+) |o|c|+|+m + ocscobc|t+ um+ g|+noc v+||co+oc oc novos +|vos tc|+cut|cos +|+
o|vc|s+s oocn+s o uc ,ust|c+ + |ocu|+ oc nov+s mo|ccu|+s
^ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ n+c|on+| ncccss|t+ u|gcntcmcntc oc |ontcs +|+ mco|c+mcn-
tos |nov+oo|cs uc oocm sc| cncont|+o+s nos |ooutos n+tu|+|s
O +umcnto oo occ|t o+ b+|+n+ comc|c|+| b|+s||c||+ no scto| oc mco|c+mcntos ocv|oo
|mo|t+io oc |nsumos |+|m+ccut|cos ,+ +t|ngc c|||+s suc||o|cs + b|||ocs oc oo|+|cs
o uc cx|gc um+ so|uio |+|o+ c ocn|t|v+
|+|m+cos c mco|c+mcntos sio oc |mo|tnc|+ cst|+tcg|c+ +|+ + s+uoc o+ ou|+io c
conscucntcmcntc +|+ + sobc|+n|+ oo +|s
^ |ntcg|+io cnt|c + +c+ocm|+ c o scto| |noust||+| c |no|scns+vc| +|+ sc ut|||z+| os |ccu|-
sos n+tu|+|s como |ontc oc novos mco|c+mcntos
|mbo|+ cx|st+m o|vc|sos o|gios cnc+||cg+oos oc c|+bo|+| o||t|c+s ub||c+s ocst|n+o+s +o
con|cc|mcnto c consc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc o +|s +|no+ sc |csscntc oc um+ coo|ocn+-
io su|+m|n|stc||+| com + n+||o+oc oc cxccut+| +s +ocs ncccss+||+s +|+ |m|cmcnt+io
+s:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
oc um+ o||t|c+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| uc oss+ ||v||cg|+| + |noust||+ |+|m+ccu-
t|c+ n+c|on+| c conscucntcmcntc o com|cxo cconom|co-|noust||+| o+ s+uoc
O ||+s|| com su+ mcg+b|oo|vc|s|o+oc nio ooc c|oc| + oo|tun|o+oc |om|sso|+ gc|+o+ c|o
+umcnto o+ ocm+no+ o| mo|ccu|+s cxt|+|o+s oc |ooutos n+tu|+|s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc
mco|c+mcntos |o|t+nto cx|stc + ncccss|o+oc |mco|+t+ oc |nvcst|mcntos n+ c||+io oc |og|+-
m+s vo|t+oos +|+ + |osccio oc mo|ccu|+s com otcnc|+| tc|+cut|co +||cc|+oos cm um+
b+sc +c+ocm|c+ so||o+ |ntcg|+noo sc|v|os c |ooutos +os s|stcm+s |oout|vos uc oss+m +tu-
+| como cst|+tcg|+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto +|+ |couz|| + occnocnc|+ tccno|og|c+ no scto| |+|m+-
ccut|co o oc|c|t n+ b+|+n+ comc|c|+| c oss|b|||t+| + |nc|usio soc|+| oc m+|s oc m|||ocs oc
b|+s||c||os uc nio tcm +ccsso + mco|c+mcntos
Referncias
^|^| || C||||^ | ^ ||||||O | ||||z|| ^ C^||^CO | c+|c| +nt|v||+| +ct|v|ty |n ||g|c|
|+nt cxt|+ctzs ||ytot|c|+y |csc+|c| v -
^||^C|| Ccoo||t|c+ o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ||+s|||+ |nst|tuto ||+s||c||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc c oos |ccu|-
sos |+tu|+|s |cnov+vc|s
^|O|O | ||^||| z ^|||^||^| | ||V| |C ||ugs ||om t|c sc+ conotox|ns +s o|ug
|c+os |o| ncu|o+t||c +|n +no ot|c| ncu|o|og|c+| cono|t|ons ||n| |cv|cws |n |co|c|n+| C|cm-
|st|y v -
^||||O| Comb|n+to||+| c|cm|st|y +no | - |cco|ng + vo|+c|ous |occss || Vo| |o c-
tcmbc| +,,,
^z|V||O C | ^ ^ |cgu|+mcnt+io oo +ccsso +os |ccu|sos gcnct|cos c +os con|cc|mcntos t|+o|c|o-
n+|s +ssoc|+oos no ||+s|| ||ot+ |cot|o|c+ v (n) ,+nc||o
|^|||^ | | ^|| |||C|O|| ^ | ||ug ||scovc|y ||om |co|c|n+| ||+nts |||c c|cnccs -

|^|||||O || |O|z^|| V ||oo|vc|s|o+oc |ontc otcnc|+| +|+ + ocscobc|t+ oc |+|m+cos
u|m |ov+ Vo| |o -
|||^||| || | CO||||^ CO||z ^ C||| C^|C|^ C^|^C|O | |O|||^ C|||^ |
||oouc|ng o|ugs ||om m+||nc songcs ||otcc|no|ogy ôv+nccs v -
||||||C| |C |^||| | |OC|^ | | O||V|||^ || C|+||cngcs +no |cw+|os o| |csc+|c| |n m+||nc
n+tu|+| |ooucts c|cm|st|y |n ||+z|| |ou|n+| o| |+tu|+| ||ooucts v -
+s,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
|||||||^| | |c|b |noust|y sccs mc|gc|s +cu|s|t|ons +no cnt|y by |+|m+ccut|c+| g|+nts |n
|c|b+|C|+m -
||||||| C ||o|og|c+||y +ct|vc comounos ||om m+||nc o|g+n|sms ||ytot|c|+y |csc+|c| v +,
-
|||| |\ CO|| || ||||O || |O||CO| | |||||| || |+||nc n+tu|+| |ooucts
|+tu|+| ||oouct |co|ts v -
|||| |\ CO|| || ||||O || |O||CO| | |||||| || |+||nc n+tu|+| |ooucts
|+tu|+| ||ooucts |co|ts v -
|O| || t+tus o| t|c |C| ||cc||n|c+| ^nt|tumo| ||ug ||scovc|y c|ccn |||nc||cs ||+ct|cc o|
Onco|ogy ()-
||^||Ô |C| ||||z |C |O||-|O| || | ||+nt+s mco|c|n+|s um s+bc| +mc++oo C|cn-
c|+ |o,c -
||^|| |||||||O |^ C|||C|^ | |C|O|OC|^ ||og|+m+ oc ||otccno|og|+ c |ccu|sos Ccnct|cos
- |c|n|io oc |ct+s ||+s|||+ || |C ||C CC||
||^|| |||||||O |^ C|||C|^ | |C|O|OC|^ |Co| |stcm+ oc |n|o|m+io sob|c Co|cocs oc
|ntc|cssc ||otccno|og|co Ccnt|o oc |c|c|cnc|+ cm |n|o|m+io ^mb|cnt+| s|co|c||+o|gb| +ccs-
so cm oc ,u||o oc
||^|| |||||||O |^ ^||| ^C||C|^ |^C|O|^| || V|C||^|C|^ ^||^||^ (^|V|^) |c-
so|uio - ||C |o - oc oc m+|o oc ||+||o O|c|+| o+ |n|io | ||+s|||+ oc +b|||
oc
||^|| |||||||O |^ ^||| ^C||C|^ |^C|O|^| || V|C||^|C|^ ^||^||^ (^|V|^) |c-
so|uio - ||C |o - oc oc m+|o oc ||+||o O|c|+| o+ |n|io | ||+s|||+ oc
m+|o oc
|||O |C\ |s|o|os c|+ |csc|v+io no ||+s|| c|cnt||c ^mc||c+n ||+s|| - |o|io |scc|+| ()
-
|||| ^ \^|| ^C COO|||||O\ | c+|c| +no o|scovc|y st|+tcg|cs |o| b|otcc|no|ogy
t|c +|+o|gm s|||t ||c|ob|o|ogy +no |o|ccu|+| ||o|ogy |cv|cws () -
||^|^|| | |C |^||OO C| |||O ^ |uo+n+ C||m+t|c+ c |coss|stcm+s c|cnt|c
^mc||c+n ||+s|| - |o|io |scc|+| () -
||||| | () c |o|c o| n+tu|+| |oouct c|cm|st|y |n o|ug o|scovc|y | |+t ||oo ()
-
C^||XO || wcnty-vc yc+|s o| |csc+|c| on mco|c|n+| |+nts |n |+t|n ^mc||c+ ^ c|son+| v|cw |ou|-
n+| o| |t|no|+|m+co|ogy (-) -
+s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
C^||XO || |c+cy u+||ty cont|o| m+||ct|ng +no |cgu|+to|y gu|oc||ncs |o| |c|b+| mco|c|ncs (|y-
tot|c|+cut|cs +gcnts) ||+z|||+n |ou|n+| o| |co|c+| +no ||o|og|c+| |csc+|c| -
C^||XO |oio | ||oo|vc|s|o+oc como |ontc oc mco|c+mcntos C|cnc Cu|t on||nc] v n
-
C^||O V| Ccnt|os oc |ccu|sos ||o|og|cos uo|tc +o |cscnvo|v|mcnto C|cnt||co c |nov+io cc-
no|og|c+ C|cnc Cu|t on||nc] v n -
C^||O V| ||||O C |^|||O C| Co|cocs oc Cu|tu|+s oc ||c|o|g+n|smos |m ||oo|vc|s|-
o+oc oo |st+oo oc io |+u|o ||+s|| s|ntcsc oo con|cc|mcnto no |n+| oo sccu|o XX Vo|umc
|n||+-cst|utu|+ oc Consc|v+io |n-s|tu c cx-s|tu |+gs - |o|to|cs | C \ oc |||to c C ^
|o|y |+cs io |+u|o ||+s|| +,,,
C||| C| ||||^ ||O| \ |O|||^| \ ||C| ^ C|ob+| ||oo|vc|s|ty |+t+ +no
|n|o|m+t|on
CO||| \ ^ |c| oc |otcio +o +t||mon|o gcnct|co C|cnc Cu|t on||nc] v n -
CO|\||| | ||c|ob|+| o|vc|s|ty t|c |mo|t+ncc o| cx|o|+t|on +no consc|v+t|on |ou|n+| o| |n-
oust||+| ||c|ob|o|ogy +no ||otcc|no|ogy -
|O|O| ^| Consc|v+t|on +no ||oo|vc|s|ty +
st
co|t|on +,,s
CO|||^ || ||c|on+||o o+s ||+nt+s |tc|s oo ||+s|| c o+s |xot|c+s Cu|t|v+o+s |o |m|cns+ |+c|on+|
||o oc |+nc||o ||+s|| v +g
CO^-|O||O |V \|||| | ||||||z |C ||||^||O | ^ O|g+n|smos m+||n|os como|ontc oc
novos |+|m+cos ||sto||co c|scct|v+s u|m |ov+ Vo| |o -
CO||||O ||C O||V|||^ V| |^|||O C | ||vc|s|o+oc m|c|ob|+n+ cm +most|+s +mb|cnt+|s |n
C+|+y | ||+s | (|os) Consc|v+io o+ ||oo|vc|s|o+oc cm |coss|stcm+s |o|c+|s |o|to|+ Voz-
cs |ct|oo||s | -
CO\^| || ||+nt |ooucts +s +nt|m|c|ob|+| +gcnts C||n|c+| ||c|ob|o|ogy |cv|cws v -
C|^CC C| |O| || C^|||||||^ || || e: a' |t|nobot+ny +no o|ug o|scovc|y t|c cxc||cncc o|
t|c | |+t|on+| C+ncc| |nst|tutc |n |t|nobot+ny +no t|c c+|c| |o| |cw ||ugs C|b+ |ouno+-
t|on ymos|um co|tco by || C|+ow|c| | |+|s| C||c|cstc| || \||cy ons -

C|^CC C| ||\|^| || \|| || () Co|+| |cc|s |o|csts +no t|c|m+| vcnts t|c wo||ow|oc
cx|o|+t|on o| n+tu|c |o| novc| +nt|tumo| +gcnts cm|n Onco| ()-
C|^CC C | ||\|^| | | ||scovc|y +no ocvc|omcnt o| +nt|nco|+s|c +gcnts ||om n+tu|+|
sou|ccs C+ncc| |nvcst|g+t|on () -
+s,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
C|^CC C | ||\|^| || |^||| | | |+tu|+| |ooucts |n o|ug o|scovc|y +no ocvc|omcnt
|ou|n+| o| |+tu|+| ||ooucts -
|| || | ^C | c |o|c o| |+nt-oc||vco o|ugs +no |c|b+| mco|c|ncs |n |c+|t|c+|c ||ugs -

||^ || ^ |m|cmcnt+io o+ convcnio sob|c b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ no ||+s|| ocs+os c oo|-
tun|o+ocs C+m|n+s ^no|c osc||o
|O\|O| C C|^|| | +t|ns - t|c |c+|t o| t|c m+ttc| |+tu|c |cv|cws ||ug ||scovc|y -

|||\ | ||ug o|scovc|y too+y +no tomo||ow || () -
|||\ | ||ug o|scovc|y + ||sto||c+| c|scct|vc c|cncc -
|||^||| | ^|| CO^-C^||O | |co|c|n+| ||+nt gcnct|c |csou|ccs +no |ntc|n+t|on+| coo-
c|+t|on c ||+z|||+n c|scct|vc |ou|n+| o| |t|no|+|m+co|ogy -
|||^||| | |tno|+|m+co|og|+ C|cnc Cu|t on||nc] v n -
|^|||C^| | |^||\O|| | c v+|uc o| |+nts usco |n t|+o|t|on+| mco|c|nc |o| o|ug o|s-
covc|y |nv||onmcnt+| |c+|t| |c|scct|vcs Vo| s -
|^|CÔ | | C |O|||||| | | |||^ | ^ C|^|O^ | V CO^-|O||O | V ||-
||Ô C CC ||O^ C |O|^| |O ||V|||^ | | Cytotox|c ||+vono|os ||om ||+tym|s-
c|um |o||bunoum |ou|n+| o| |+tu|+| ||oucts -
||^||||| | | Conscucnc|+s oo |csm+t+mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ c|cnt|c ^mc||c+n ||+s|| |o|io
|scc|+| () -
|||||||^ | |co|c+mcntos + +|t|| oc ||+nt+s |co|c|n+|s oo ||+s|| ^c+ocm|+ ||+s||c||+ oc C|cn-
c|+s ||o oc |+nc||o +,,s
||||O ^|| Oo|tun|o+ocs tccno|og|c+s cst|+tcg|+s comct|t|v+s c m+|co |cgu|+to||o o uso sustcn-
t+vc| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc o| cm|cs+s b|+s||c||+s ||ssc|t+io ||og|+m+ oc |os-C|+ou+io cm
|o||t|c+ C|cnt||c+ c ccno|og|c+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |st+ou+| oc C+m|n+s C+m|n+s
||||^ ^ Comb|n+to||+| c|cm|st|y yc+|s on || Vo| |o |+nu+|y
CO||||O\|| ^ ||O||||||| | |O||OC| || |c+o comounos o|scovc|co ||om ||b|+||cs
Cu|| O|n C|cm ||o| -
CO||||O\|| ^ ||O||||||| | |O||OC| || |c+o comounos o|scovc|co ||om ||b|+||cs
|+|t Cu|| O|n C|cm ||o| -
CO|||| O| |O||| || |+tu|+| ||ooucts |csc+|c| |n ||+z|| C|cnc|+ Cu|tu|+ (;) -
+so
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
CO|||| O| |O||| || c ||vc|s|ty o| ||+nts \|c|c |s |t \|y |s |t c|c \|+t \||| |t |ccomc
^n+|s o+ ^c+ocm|+ ||+s||c||+ oc C|cnc|+s (u|cmcnto) -
CO|||| O| |O||| || || |^COO C| ^C zOC||| || ||oo|vc|s|o+oc o cn|ouc
|ntc|o|sc|||n+| b|+s||c||o C|cnc|+ +uoc Co|ct|v+ ()-
C|||\^|| | () c |u|oc+n ||ytomco|c|ncs |+||ct ||gu|cs |cnos ^n+|ys|s |c|b+|C|+m
-
C|||^|^| |O |O||O | |||O |' ^nt|b|ot|cos |mo|tnc|+ c|+cut|c+ | |c|scc-
t|v+s |+|+ ^ |cscobc|t+ | |cscnvo|v|mcnto |c |ovos ^gcntcs u|m |ov+ Vo| |o -

C||||||z-| O ||oo|vc|s|ty +no ncw o|ugs |||| |n ||+|m+co|og|c+| c|cnccs Vo| |o |+nu-
+|y
|^|||||^| | |O||O| || ||^| | C|^|| | COO||^| || () |o|ccu|+| b|o|og|c+|
+cccss to t|c c|cm|st|y o| un|nown so|| m|c|obcs + ncw ||ont|c| |o| n+tu|+| |ooucts C|cm|s-
t|y +no ||o|ogy |-
|^|V| ^ t|+tcg|cs |o| t|c o|scovc||ng o|ugs ||om |cv|ous|y uncx|o|co n+tu|+| |ooucts ||ug
||scovc|y oo+y -
||||||^ | ^ ||||^|||| | |ovc| octcct|on st|+tcg|cs |o| o|ug o|scovc|y || Vo| |o
(u|)
|||C||| | |+tu|+| |ooucts ||om m+||nc m|c|oo|g+n|sms C|cmb|oc|cm v -
|||||-C|V||^ c v+|uc o| m|c|ob|+| o|vc|s|ty Cu||cnt O|n|on |n ||c|ob|o|ogy -
|O|| || |+tu|+| |ooucts +s |c+o-st|uctu|cs + |o|c |o| b|otcc|no|ogy ||ug ||scovc|y oo+y Vo|umc
|umbc|s ; |unc
|O| C ^ ||C||C| | ||og|+m+ ||ot+;|+cs um novo +|+o|gm+ no cstuoo o+ consc|v+io c oo
uso sustcnt+vc| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc C|cnc Cu|t on||nc] v n -
|O| C ^ |^||^| C|| V|||^|| | | O||V|||^ |C |O|z^|| V c ||O^;|^|||
||og|+m c|cncc ||+n t|+tcg|cs |o| t|c |cxt |cc+oc
|^|^|||O | ||+nt+s cxot|c+s +mc++m b|oo|vc|s|o+oc C|cnc Cu|t on||nc] v n -
|O|C |-X || X-| z|^|C |- \|c|c |s t|c |oc |o| o|ug o|scovc|y |ct ||sto|y tc|| t|c |utu|c
||ug ||scovc|y oo+y Vo|umc |umbc|s |cb|u+|y
|^|||O | ^ ^|O| |C ^ ||^| \C O|||^| |C ||||| | |||||C| || |^|
| | | \|||^| | | | |n t|c ncw m|||cnn|um c |o|c o| |+|m+co|ogy +no |cx|b||-
|ty |ou|n+| o| ||+|m+co|og|c+| +no ox|co|og|c+| |ct|oos (-)
+s)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
|^\|||C| || |co|scovc||ng n+tu|+| |oouct b|oo|vc|s|ty || Vo| |o Octobc|
||\||O|| | |m |+t||mon|o |ongc oc |st+| ^v+||+oo c|cnt||c ^mc||c+n ||+s|| - |o|io |sc-
c|+| () -
||||O C ||g| contcnt sc|ccn|ng - ||om cc||s to o+t+ to |now|cogc || Vo| |o ûgust
|O|||z| | |Ô | | ^ () ||+nt+s mco|c|n+|s no ||+s|| n+t|v+s c cxot|c+s co |ov+ Oocs-
s+ | |nst|tuto ||+nt+|um oc |stuoos o+ ||o|+
|^|| | |+tu|+| |ooucts |n c+ncc| c|cmot|c|+y +st |cscnt +no |utu|c |+tu|c |cv|cws (C+n-
cc|) -
|^||| || |O|||C|| | ||oo|vc|s|o+oc |+vc|+ um |++ +|+ |stc csou|o C|cnc Cu|t
on||nc] v n -
|^||||||| C Con|ccc| + ||o|+ +|+ ||otcgc-|+ c|cnt||c ^mc||c+n ||+s|| - |o|io |scc|+| ()
-
|^|| | ^ ^|| ||||^|| | V |+||nc ||+|m+co|ogy |n |+||nc Comounos w|t| ^nt|-
b+ctc||+| ^nt|co+gu|+nt ^nt||ung+| ^nt||n+mm+to|y ^nt|c|m|nt|c ^nt||+tc|ct ^nt||otozo+| +no
^nt|v||+| ^ct|v|t|cs w|t| +ct|ons on t|c C+|o|ov+scu|+| |nooc||nc |mmunc +no |c|vous ystcms
+no ot|c| ||scc||+ncous |cc|+n|sm o| ^ct|on |+||nc ||+|m+co|ogy Vo|
|^|| | ^ ^|| ||||^|| | V |+||nc ||+|m+co|ogy |n |+||nc Comounos w|t| ^nt|-
b+ctc||+| ^nt|co+gu|+nt ^nt||ung+| ^nt||n+mm+to|y ^nt|c|m|nt|c ^nt||+tc|ct ^nt||otozo-
+| +no ^nt|v||+| ^ct|v|t|cs w|t| +ct|ons on t|c C+|o|ov+scu|+| |nooc||nc |mmunc +no |c|vous
ystcms +no ot|c| ||scc||+ncous |cc|+n|sm o| ^ct|on |+||nc ||+|m+co|ogy Vo|
|C ||og|+m+ oc ||otccno|og|+ c |ccu|sos Ccnct|cos - |c|n|io oc |ct+s ||n|stc||o o+ C|-
cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ ||+s|||+ || |C ||C CC||
|||O ||| |||O || ^|^||||| | ^bunonc|+ oc ||oo|vc|s|o+oc c|cnt|c ^mc||c+n ||+s||
- |o|io |scc|+| () -
||||Ô C C C ||||||z | C \|||| | V ||O^ C |^|CÔ | | C |||^ | ^ ||V||-
|^ | | |O|^| | O CO^-|O||O |V ^nt|m|tot|c |oc|t|cs o| |tc|oc+|+ns |so|+tco
||om ||+tym|sc|um |o||bunoum on c+ ||c||n |ggs ||+nt+ |co|c+ -
|O||||C|O |C V^CO|C|||O |C ||V^ ||z|||^ | ^|||^||-||O | ||O^ C
|O|^| |O CO^-|O||O |V ||sostc|o| |nouccs monocyt|c o|c|cnt|+t|on |n ||- cc||s
ox|co| |n v|t|o -
|O|^| |O |O|||| |C +no |O|^| || ^ () c|ccn|ng |o| +nt|c+ncc| +ct|v|ty o|
|+nts ||om t|c |o|t|c+st o| ||+z|| ||totc|+|+ |XV||| () -
+ss
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|O|^| |O |O|||||| |C |Ô || ^ ^|| |O|^| || () ^t|v|o+oc +nt|tumo|+|
oc |+nt+s oo |o|ocstc b|+s||c||o C|cnc|+ c Cu|tu|+ ()
|O||||^ ^C |||||| ^C ^ ||||||^ ||| ^|||| ^| ||+|m+ccut|c+| +tcnts on |+nt
oc||vco m+tc||+|s |n ||+z|| o||cy |+w +no st+t|st|cs \o||o |+tcnt |n|o|m+t|on -
|O||^ || ||^|C||| ||||O || ||||-V||^ CV ||||^ |C ^|^|O ||||O C| ^|^-
|^| | |Ô ^C |O^ | |||^ C| |O||O| || |||C|| | |csu|s+ no Occ+no
|cs+|os c Oo|tun|o+ocs c|cnt||c ^mc||c+n ||+s|| - |o|io |scc|+| () -
||\|^| || C|^CC C| |^||| || |+tu|+| |ooucts +s sou|ccs o| ncw o|ugs ovc| t|c c||oo
- | |+t ||oo -
|||||| | Comb|n+to||+| synt|cs|s o| n+tu|+| |ooucts Cu|| O|n C|cm ||o| -
|||^|^|^| | |||| | ^ ||cs| |oo| +t |+|m+ccut|c+| sc|ccn|ng ||b|+|y ocs|gn || Vo| s
|o ûgust
|OC||||^ |C C||||||^ || O^|| ||| |+tcnt|ng b|o+ct|vc mo|ccu|cs ||om b|oo|vc|s|ty
t|c ||+z|||+n cxc||cncc |xc|t O|n|on c| |+tcnts () -
|^||| |C ||oscct|ng |o| otcnt|+||y ncw |+|m+ccut|c+|s ||om n+tu|+| sou|ccs |co |cs |cv
-
|^V^|||| || ||osccio o+ ||vc|s|o+oc ||o|og|c+ |c|scct|v+ +|+ o C+so ||+s||c||o ||ssc|t+io
||og|+m+ oc |os-C|+ou+io cm |mgcn|+||+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo ||o oc |+nc||o
|||XOO ^| |O||| | | Co|cocs |otn|c+s |ocumcnt+io |+ ||oo|vc|s|o+oc ||+s||c||+
C|cnc Cu|t on||nc] v n -
||O^ C ||V|||^ || |||O |C \||O|| | ^ |O|^| |O ||V^ ^ ^nt||o|||-
c|+t|vc cccts o| comounos oc||vco ||om |+nts o| |o|t|c+st ||+z|| ||ytot|c|+y |csc+|c|
-
||^|O ^ |ot+s |oss|vc|s cnt|c |conom|+ c ||oo|vc|s|o+oc c|cnt|c ^mc||c+n ||+s|| |o|io |sc-
c|+| () - |||o||t|cs |o| Consc|v|ng C|ob+| cc|cs ||c|ncss +no |nocm|sm \o||o
Consc|v+t|on |on|to||ng Ccnt|c +,,|
||O|C| | |||^|^ | ^ |||| | ||ugs ||om t|c sc+s - cu||cnt st+tus +no m|c|ob|o|og|c+| |m||c+-
t|ons ^||co m|c|ob|o|ogy +no b|otcc|no|ogy v -
|O|||C|| | ||oo|vc|s|o+oc oo |+nc,+mcnto +io C|cnc Cu|t on||nc] v n -
|O||O| || Cooom+n || |+noc|sm+n | (+) c |+|t|'s bounty +sscss|ng +no +cccss|ng so||
m|c|ob|+| o|vc|s|ty |cnos |n ||otcc|no|ogy -
+s,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
^||| |O O|||O | | ^V^|| | |cmo||+ n+tu|+||s c|o+o+n|+ c|cnc|+ c cu|tu|+ C|cnc
Cu|t on||nc] v n -
^|'^|^ | | | ||o|osccio no ||+s|| cont||bu|ocs +|+ um+ gcstio ct|c+ |+|+|c|o ||+s|||+
+,,-+,,
^|'^|^ | | | ||o|osccio no ||+s|| cont||bu|ocs +|+ um+ gcstio ct|c+ |+|+|c|o ||+s|||+
+,,-+,,
^||| C ||O| | ||||^| | |ssuc ||c|o+||+ys |n ||ug ||scovc|y |+tu|c |cv|cws ||ug ||s-
covc|y Vo|umc |cccmbc|
C^|^|O || C^CO| C ||||||||| | ^ O uc c ||oo|vc|s|o+oc c|cnt||c ^mc||c+n ||+s||
- |o|io |scc|+| () -
C|\|| C C|ob+| ||oo|vc|s|ty |n|o|m+t|on |+c|||ty ^nnu+| |co|t
|^|| || ||+|m+co|y|ogcnom|cs Ccncs |vo|ut|on +no ||ug +|gcts |+tu|c |cv|cws ||ug ||s-
covc|y Vo|umc ûgust
|C||^||^ O| || CO|V|||O| O| ||O|OC|C^| ||V||| () C|O|^| ||O||V|||
O||OO| |ont|c+| +gcs
|| z |cccnt n+tu|+| |ooucts b+sco o|ug ocvc|omcnt ^ |+|m+ccut|c+| |noust|y c|scct|vc
|ou|n+| o| |+tu|+| ||ooucts -
||V^ ^C ||+gcm o+ |otcnc|+| ^t|v|o+oc ^nt|v||+| oc ||ooutos |+||n|os |son,+s Co|ct+o+s n+
Cost+ ||+s||c||+ c Comostos oc O|g+n|smos |+||n|os ||ssc|t+io oo ||og|+m+ oc |os-C|+ou-
+io cm |+|m+c|+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oc +nt+ C+t+||n+ ||o||+noo||s
||V^ ||C C^||^ ^ ^ |^|C||| |cs C|+nocs |cs+os +|+ Consc|v+| + ||oo|vc|s|o+oc no
||+s|| c|cnt||c ^mc||c+n ||+s|| - |o|io |scc|+| () -
||V^ | | CO|||O C | |ungos |||nc|+|s C|uos c ^||c+ocs ||otccno|og|c+s |nst|tuto oc |o-
tn|c+ ||t ||og|+m+ oc |os C|+ou+io cm ||oo|vc|s|o+oc Vcgct+| c |c|o ^mb|cntc Cu|so oc
C++c|t+io oc |on|to|cs c |ouc+oo|cs io |+u|o
||V|||^ | () |oss+ ||c+ n+tu|cz+ v+| v||+noo |cmco|o c||umc - + cm|cs+ |xt|+ct+ c cxcm|o
bcm-succo|oo oo +|ovc|t+mcnto oc |+nt+s cm mco|c+mcntos c cosmct|cos O |st+oo oc io
|+u|o oc outub|o oc
||O| C | O C|||||| | | CO|^|| C ||||O | C | |||z | ^ |||OV|C| | | |+|-
m+cognos|+ o+ |+nt+ +o mco|c+mcnto ,+ co |o|to ^|cg|c;||o||+noo||s |o|to|+ |||C c+
-
|| ^ |co|c|n+| +no |+|m+ccut|c+| uscs o| sc+wcco n+tu|+| |ooucts ^ |cv|cw |ou|n+| o|
^||co ||yco|ogy Vo| -
+,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
^|| | ||c|ob|+| ||vc|s|ty +no t|c ||os|c|c wwwboto|gb|;oc+;s|b;st+|cy
||O| \ c |o|c o| n+tu|+| |ooucts |n + mooc|n o|ug o|scovc|y |og|+m || () -
||O| \ c |o|c o| n+tu|+| |ooucts |n + mooc|n o|ug o|scovc|y |og|+m || () -
|O|| \| c |o|c o| n+tu|+| |ooucts |n + mooc|n o|ug o|scovc|y |og|+m ||ug ||scovc|y o-
o+y -
|| |^| | | |^||| ^ c commc|c|+| usc o| b|oo|vc|s|ty +cccss to gcnct|c |csou|ccs +no bcnc-
t-s|+||ng |+|t|sc+n |ub||c+t|ons |to |onoon +,,,
O||| || |u||c+io c+|+ctc||z+io ||s|co-u|m|c+ +t|v|o+ocs |n+m+to||+ c |muno+o,uv+ntc oc
+|g|n+tos o+ +|g+ m+||n|+ +|g+ssum vu|g+|c C ^g+|o| csc oc |outo|+oo cm ||ou|m|c+ c
||o|og|+ |o|ccu|+| ||og|+m+ oc |os-C|+ou+io cm ||ou|m|c+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo Cc+|+
|o|t+|cz+
||| | |O|||| | |unct|on+| vc|sus c|cm|c+| o|vc|s|ty |s b|oo|vc|s|ty |mo|t+nt |o| o|ug
o|scovc|y|||| |n ||+|m+co|og|c+| c|cnccs Vo| |o |+y
V^||||^ || ||o||co+oc |ntc|cctu+| oc scto|cs cmc|gcntcs b|otccno|og|+ |+|m+cos c |n|o|m+t|c+
oc +co|oo com + |c| no oc -- io |+u|o ^t|+s
V^zO|||| || C^||O V| Co|cocs oc Cu|tu|+s oc c|v|os c Ccnt|os oc |ccu|sos ||o|o-
g|cos |tt;;wwwc||+o|gb|;cgcc;oocumcntos;c|booc
V|||OO|| | |x|o|+t|on o| n+tu|c's c|cmoo|vc|s|ty t|c |o|c o| sccono+|y mct+bo||tcs +s |c+os |n
o|ug ocvc|omcnt ||ug ||scovc|y oo+y -
VOC|| |C VOC|| \| (|o|to|s) ||ug ||scovc|y +no |v+|u+t|on ||+|m+co|ogyc+| ^ss+ys ||ng
Vc||+g ûtumn
\^|| || +no \+n| |C C+mtot|cc|n +no t+xo| ||om o|scovc|y to c||n|c | |t|no|+|m+co| ^|,+(+-
)- o|scuss|on -
\C|C (co C|oomb||ogc |) C|ob+| ||oo|vc|s|ty t+tus o| t|c |+|t|'s ||v|ng |csou|ccs |onoon
|| C|+m+n |+||
\||O| |O ^|| |||| || (cos) +,ss ||oo|vc|s|ty |+t|on+| ^c+ocmy ||css \+s||ngton |C |^
\| C |O|||||| | | tcc|no|og|cs |n b|o|+|m+ccut|c+| ||scovc|y ||ug ||scovc|y oo+y
Vo|umc |umbc|s ; ûgust
||| | ^ C|C||||| ||||O V u|m|c+ oc ||ooutos |+tu|+|s |ovos |+|m+cos c + |ooc|n+ |+|-
m+cognos|+ |o |n|v+|| |o|to|+ |t+,+|
||| | ^ +no C+||xto || ||+nt+s |co|c|n+|s sob + ot|c+ o+ u|m|c+ mco|c|n+| mooc|n+ ^|gos co|-
to|+ un|vc|s|t+||+ +nt+ C+t+||n+ ||+s||
+,+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
z^||||| | ||||||| || () c ncco |o| ncw +nt|b|ot|cs oss|b|c w+ys |o|w+|o |n |ussc|| ||
co|to| |||ty yc+|s o| +nt|m|c|ob|+|s +st c|scct|vcs +no |utu|c t|cnos C+mb||ogc (|ng|+no)
C+mb||ogc |n|vc|s|ty ||css -
z^||| | O||C | ^s Co|cocs zoo|og|c+s ||+s||c||+s |+no|+m+ c |cs+|os C|cnc Cu|t on-
||nc] v n -
z|^|C | |cw o|ugs oc||vco ||om mco|c|n+| |+nts c|+|c -
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
Poltica de Estado de cincia tecnologia
e inovao para o desenvolvimento
sustentvel - Biodiversidade
|csoc o ocscob||mcnto v+||+s oczcn+s oc cxco|ocs |o|+m |c|t+s o| c|cnt|st+s cst|+ngc||os

no ||+s|| Como conscucnc|+ + noss+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc cst+ nos ||nc|+|s muscus oo munoo
cm |ov+ o|| cm |+||s no |e. Gaaeo cnt|c out|os |xcc|cntcs co|cocs cstio no cxtc||o| c o
||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) no +no o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc cst+bc|cccu um |o,cto oc
|c+t||+mcnto ocss+s co|cocs
|+ occ+o+ oc +,eo u+noo o |c|+to| c|+ +|uno o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |u|+| + co|ct+ oc |+nt+s |nsctos
c mcsmo +n|m+|s o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ |c|t+ o| c|cnt|st+s b|+s||c||os c|+ +bso|ut+mcntc ||-
v|c |n|vc|s|o+ocs c muscus cst+bc|ccc|+m co|cocs |mo|t+ntcs como + oc ^ngc|o |o|c||+ o+
Cost+ ||m+ n+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |u|+| oo ||+s|| um+ o+s m+|o|cs co|cocs oc |nsctos oo munoo |o
Ccnt|o |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+ oc |ccu|sos Ccnct|cos c ||otccno|og|+ (Ccn+|gcn) u+noo |+ c|c-
guc| no |n|c|o o+ occ+o+ oc +,so |+v|+ um g|+noc m++ oo ||+s|| uc +ss|n+|+v+ com +|nctcs
too+s +s cxco|ocs oc co|ct+ oc |+nt+s |c|t+s c|os botn|cos oo ccnt|o + tooos os ccoss|stc-
m+s b|+s||c||os ocsoc +,;| u+noo o Ccn+|gcn |o| c||+oo |o|+m ||tc|+|mcntc ccntcn+s |m +,,o
no govc|no +|ncy |o| |omu|g+oo o |cc|cto n ,ss,o uc cst+bc|cc|+ |cg|+s +|+ cxco|ocs
cm uc +|t|c|+sscm cst|+ngc||os |m |+no oc t|+b+||o c|+ +|cscnt+oo +o Consc||o |+c|o-
n+| oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto C|cnt|co c ccno|og|co (C||) +|+ +|ov+io oo m+tc||+| co|ct+oo
(+|+ ns c|cnt|cos) c um+ ou||c+t+ ocvc||+ sc| oc|x+o+ no ||+s|| sob + |csons+b|||o+oc o+
|nst|tu|io +|cc||+ o+ |nst|tu|io cst|+ngc||+
+,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|+|+ cxco|ocs o| b|+s||c||os + co|ct+ oc |+nt+s +|+ ns t+xonom|cos c oc csu|s+ cont|-
nuou ||v|c O ob,ct|vo o+ m+|o||+ o+s cxco|ocs c|+ t+xonom|co ^ +|t|| o+ occ+o+ oc +,;o
o munoo comcou + +ss|st|| + um+ |cvo|uio n+ b|o|og|+ ocnom|n+o+ Geoe |e.c'a:co ou
cngcn|+||+ gcnct|c+ ou tccno|og|+ oo ||^ |ccomb|n+ntc |+|cou o |n|c|o ocst+ |cvo|uio
um+ cxc||cnc|+ oc cx|cssio oo gcnc oc |nsu||n+ |um+n+ cm |.c' |c|t+ o| |c|bc|t |oyc|
n+ C+|||o|n|+ cm +,;,
Comc+ cm +,;o um+ nov+ |noust||+ uc tcm como b+sc + cx|cssio |ctc|o|og+ oc gcncs m+|s
t+|oc ocnom|n+o+ b|otccno|og|+ | cu||oso uc co|nc|ocntcmcntc com o +ovcnto ocst+ +g|c-
g+io oc v+|o| b|o|og|+ +umcnt+ no munoo + |cocu+io +mb|cnt+| |st+ tcnocnc|+ m+|c+
um+ |n|c|+t|v+ + Convcnio sob|c ||vc|s|o+oc ||o|og|c+ (C||) |c+||z+o+ no ||o oc |+nc||o cm
,un|o oc ^ C|| c||ou um concc|to novo cm scu +|t|go o concc|to oc |c+|t|io oc bc-
nc||c|os ||z o +|t|go + o+ C|| uc t|+t+ oos ob,ct|vos o+ convcnio
Os ob,ct|vos ocst+ convcnio + sc|cm cum||oos oc +co|oo com +s o|sos|ocs c|t|ncntcs
sio + consc|v+io o+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ + ut|||z+io sustcnt+vc| oc scus comoncntcs c
+ |c+|t|io ,ust+ c cu|t+t|v+ oos bcnc||c|os oc||v+oos o+ ut|||z+io oos |ccu|sos gcnct|cos
mco|+ntc |nc|us|vc o +ccsso +ocu+oo +os |ccu|sos gcnct|cos c + t|+ns|c|cnc|+ +ocu+o+ oc
tccno|og|+s c|t|ncntcs |cv+noo cm cont+ tooos os o||c|tos sob|c t+|s |ccu|sos c tccno|og|+s
c mco|+ntc n+nc|+mcnto +ocu+oo
^ C|| ,+ no scu |cmbu|o cst+bc|ccc uc +s +|tcs cont|+t+ntcs o+ C|| sio os |st+oos (+|-
scs) |c+|m+noo uc os |st+oos tcm o||c|tos sobc|+nos sob|c os scus |o||os |ccu|sos b|o|og|cos
|n|c|+|mcntc + C|| |o| cntcno|o+ o| tooos como um |nst|umcnto uc g+|+nt|+ +os |st+oos
(a:es) sobc|+n|+ sob|c + su+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ o uc |o| mu|to os|t|vo +|+ +|scs mc-
g+o|vc|sos como o ||+s|| uc sc +|cssou + +ss|n+-|+ cm ||mc||o |ug+| |gn|c+v+ o|zc| uc
n|ngucm ooc||+ |+zc| uso oc |ccu|sos gcnct|cos oo ||+s|| scm |c+|t|| bcnc||c|os com o ||+s||
onoc cstcs |ccu|sos gcnct|cos tc||+m s|oo obt|oos |+ cs|c|+ oo |xccut|vo cnt|ct+nto comc-
ou + |osc|+| um cs|o|o oc ut|||z+| o ||nc||o o+ |c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os +|+ uc cstc
||nc||o |ossc |nco|o|+oo + um+ |cg|s|+io n+c|on+| |m +ntc|o,cto +|+ g+|+nt|| + |c+|t|-
io oc bcnc||c|os +|+ octcnto|cs oc con|cc|mcntos t|+o|c|on+|s |o| c|+bo|+oo c|+ scn+oo|+
|+||n+ ||v+ com + |ntcnio oc +sscgu|+| s comun|o+ocs t|+o|c|on+|s cstcs o||c|tos uc +ss|m
tc||+m +ccsso + bcnc||c|os oc||v+oos o+ ut|||z+io oc |ccu|sos gcnct|cos ^ C+s+ C|v|| co-
c+ |+v|+ |nst|tu|oo um g|uo oc t|+b+||o (C) +|+ c|+bo|+| um+ |cg|s|+io n+c|on+| uc nio
cont|+||+ssc + C|| |+|t|c|c| o+s o|scussocs c nio |+v|+ o|sco|onc|+ cnt|c os |ntcg|+ntcs oo
C sob|c os ||nc||os o+ C|| |nc|us|vc o oc |c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os m+s um+ |c| n+c|on+|
cst+bc|ccc |cg|+s +|+ sc|cm scgu|o+s cnt|c csso+s ||s|c+s c ,u||o|c+s ^ C|| cst+bc|ccc |cg|+s
+|+ sc|cm scgu|o+s cnt|c +s +|tcs = +|scs
|o||t|c+ oc |st+oo oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| - ||oo|vc|s|o+oc
+,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
^s o|scussocs no C scgu|+m com |cnt|oio +tc uc um+ mco|o+ |ov|so||+ |o| +|ov+o+ sob +
||oc|+n+ oo |C +|+ conto|n+| +io oc um+ o|g+n|z+io soc|+| (O) ocnom|n+o+ ||o+m+zo-
n|+ uc cc|cb|ou com + |ov+|t|s um +co|oo oc b|o|osccio oc |ooutos oc |ntc|cssc |nous-
t||+| + +|t|| oc m|c|o-o|g+n|smos |st+ mco|o+ |ov|so||+ +|ov+o+ no govc|no +ss+oo c |cco|-
t+o+ mu|t+s vczcs t|+ns|c||u +|+ o ||n|stc||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc (||^) o cont|o|c oo +ccsso
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc mcsmo +|+ +t|v|o+ocs c|cnt|c+s cu cxc|c|c|o n+ u|t|m+ occ+o+ |+t|c+mcntc
tcvc o c|c|to oc |o|b|| o +ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +|+ + |ocnt|c+io oc substnc|+s b|o+t|v+s
oc |ntc|cssc |+|m+co|og|co ^ mco|o+ |ov|so||+ c oc|+o+ o| um com|tc gcsto| Consc||o oc
Ccstio oo |+t||mon|o Ccnct|co (CC||) sco|+oo no ||n|stc||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc |+|+ co|ct+|
+most|+s o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c |cc|so ||ccn+ oo |b+m+ m+s +|+ |ocnt|c+| mo|ccu|+s cm m+-
tc||+| co|ct+oo v|vo ou mo|to c |cc|so ||ccn+ oo |nst|tuto C||co |cnocs c||+oo c|+ m|n|st|+
|+||n+ ||v+ u+noo m|n|st|+ oo |c|o ^mb|cntc ^ |cg|+ |omovc o +bsu|oo oc cx|g|| uc o
|nst|tuto |ut+nti c+ ||ccn+ +o |nst|tuto C||co |cnocs +|+ |ocnt|c+| comoncntcs mo|c-
cu|+|cs |mo|t+ntcs +|+ + |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ + +|t|| oc vcncnos oc cob|+s uc |ntcg|+m +
co|cio oo |ut+nti |o|+m cst+bc|cc|oos concc|tos oc co|ct+ c +ccsso scm b+sc c|cnt|c+ |+ns-
|c||mos +|+ o ||^ o cont|o|c o+ c|cnc|+ b|+s||c||+ uc sc oco|c+ +o cstuoo o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
O numc|o oc cxco|ocs oc co|ct+ n+ |mb|++;Ccn+|gcn vcm o|m|nu|noo nos u|t|mos ocz
+nos o|uc o |+zo +|+ +uto||z+io c|o CC|| ooc c|cg+| + u+t|o +nos ^|no+ +ss|m ccn-
tcn+s oc ocos|tos oc +tcntcs |c|+c|on+o+s com + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc too+s o||uno+s oc |nst|tu|-
ocs ub||c+s b|+s||c||+s c|cg+|+m +o |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc ||o||co+oc |noust||+| (||||) ocsoc
c nio sc|io cx+m|n+o+s ou concco|o+s o|uc nio tcm +uto||z+io oo CC|| ^n+||sc
ocss+s +tcntcs so ooc sc| |c|t+ +os um+ cscc|c oc +nucnc|+ |cv|+ ou +uto||z+io oo CC||
V|vcmos nos u|t|mos ocz +nos sob o cxc|c|c|o ocstc c+|to||o uc +|no+ o| c|m+ +go|+ tcm
o scu |unc|on+mcnto |c,uo|c+oo o|uc cst+ scnoo |occss+oo c|o ||n|stc||o |ub||co o|
|m|ob|o+oc +om|n|st|+t|v+ |+vo|cc|mcnto o+ b|o||+t+||+ cm |+vo| o+ O|C à:aa' :ca.e
|o:eoa:coa' |:aa (|nuc||to C|v|| |ub||co no ;-) |o| css+s |+zocs o ||+-
s|| ocsoc o cxc|c|c|o |nst|tuc|on+| c|t+oo nio tcm |ooutos |cg|st|+oos n+ ^gcnc|+ |+c|on+| oc
V|g||nc|+ +n|t+||+ (^nv|s+) +|+ su+ |noust||+ |+|m+ccut|c+ + nio sc| o ^c|c+n totc|+|co
oc||v+oo o+ Ccaa .eoeoa:a com cxcc|cntcs |o||co+ocs +nt|-|n+m+to||+s
ooos os scto|cs oo |xccut|vo cntcnocm uc c ncccss+||+ um+ nov+ |c| |nt|ct+nto nunc+ con-
scgu|mos |omu|g+| v|+ Cong|csso um+ |c| ncstc scnt|oo ||+ csb+||+ ||nc|+|mcntc no oc-
scntcno|mcnto cnt|c o ||n|stc||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc c o ||n|stc||o o+ ^g||cu|tu|+ |ccu+||+ c
^b+stcc|mcnto (|^|^) uc |n|c||zmcntc uc| |+zc| um+ |c| sc+|+o+ |+ vc|o+oc cst+s +st+s
sio +s uc tcm mcnos + o|zc| sob|c o +ssunto uc o|z |csc|to m+|s oc c|to +os m|n|stc||os o+
C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ c o+ +uoc
+,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|nu+nto |sso cst+mos cxc|u|oos oc um mc|c+oo oc |ooutos oc||v+oos +cn+s oc |+nt+s o+
o|ocm oc b|||ocs oc ||b|+s cstc|||n+s so n+ |ng|+tc||+ scgunoo +n+||sc |cccntc ub||c+o+ c|+
|cv|st+ oes cm |ono|cs no mcs oc ,un|o oc cgunoo + m+tc||+ + ocm+no+ o| |oou-
tos u|m|cos oc||v+oos oc |+nt+s uc sc ocst|n+m + |numc|+s +||c+ocs ocsoc cosmct|cos +tc
ncum+t|cos cst+ c|csccnoo tio oc|css+ uc ooc +t|ng|| ,eo b|||ocs oc ||b|+s muno|+|mcntc
cm |st+mos cxc|u|oos ocstc mc|c+oo o|uc ocsoc + +ooio c|o ||+s|| o+ Convcnio
o+ ||vc|s|o+oc ||o|og|c+ uc +contcccu cm o cont|o|c oo +ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc nio
tcm c|m|t|oo |og|csso c|cnc|+ no scnt|oo oc |ocnt|c+| mo|ccu|+s +|+ |o|t+|ccc| n+ncc|-
|+mcntc + noss+ b|occonom|+ |c|ocmos cst+ oo|tun|o+oc cm um momcnto cm uc |+ um+
c||sc muno|+| uc to|n+ c+o+ vcz m+|s c+|+ + obtcnio oc nov+s mo|ccu|+s +|+ + |noust||+
|+|m+ccut|c+
Como sc vc no g|+co + scgu|| o custo oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto (||) vcm +umcnt+noo
cnu+nto + |oout|v|o+oc mco|o+ c|o numc|o oc +tcntcs oc||v+o+s ocst+ |n|c|+t|v+ o|m|nu|
O munoo nio tcm nov+s o|og+s +|+ tubc|cu|osc ^|tcm|s|+ c + ||nc|+| o|og+ +|+ m+|+||+ c
oc too+s +s o|og+s uc cstio cm |+sc oc tcstc tcm como b+sc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s
+,)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
0
1
2
3
1980 1985 1990 1995
4
5
6
Ccooao.a:cos
|:| :eoao
Ccoa:e
|:| :eoao
|a
|:| :eoao
Ccooao.a:cos
|:| |caa.:.:,
Ccoa:e |:|
|caa.:.:,
|esea.n aoa ae.e'coeo: seoao aoa caa.:.:, /c .acas J: oaas:es
Craco +. ^ |noust||+ |+|mccut|c+ muno|+| + c||sc no mooc|o
|co:e Ccoesscoa' 8aae: O.e oasea co à.coa' :.eo.e |caoaa:co :ao'e Ccoao, aoa O:ne |\e: |eaea')
|caoas /c |oaas:a' |:| |e/coao.e o, |oaas:, aoa o, :e c/ Ccoao,,,,, a.a'ao'e a: ...os/c/s:a
:s:.s/s/sea.n_ns:./ooa\=o aoa 8c.,o | |a'' âao 8 (ae aoa /aoae' a:eooe 'e `8|| |a:eo:
C:a:co aa:a 'e |esscos |osn:s aoa /e:ncac'c.a' cc's wco |ae ` ;,
^ C|| cst+bc|ccc |cg|+s +|+ sc|cm cum||o+s cnt|c +|scs m+s os gcsto|cs uc |cgu|+m o
+ccsso b|oo|vc|s|o+oc no ||+s|| uc|cm +||c+| os mcsmos ||nc||os |cg|s|+io b|+s||c||+ |x-
||co mc||o| u+noo + C|| cst+bc|cccu |cg|+s oc |c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os cst+s |cg|+s |o|+m
|c|t+s +|+ sc|cm +||c+o+s cnt|c +|scs ^ss|m sc um +|s |nocv|o+mcntc |cso|vc subt|+|| um
|ccu|so gcnct|co ou um+ +most|+ oc |+nt+ o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc oc out|o c ocscnvo|vc |ooutos
oc v+|o| comc|c|+| + +|t|| ocstc m+tc||+| |nocv|o+mcntc obt|oo + C|| oss|b|||t+ um |css+|c|-
mcnto n+ |o|m+ oc |c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os cnt|c +s +|tcs o|uc + convcnio cst+bc|ccc
uc + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c|tcncc +o +|s oc onoc o m+tc||+| |o| obt|oo uc o| cst+ |+zio tcm
o||c|to + bcnc||c|os +cumu|+oos + +|t|| oo scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co c su+ comc|c|+||-
z+io |cg|s|+ocs n+c|on+|s |csc|t+m cstc ||nc||o o+ C|| m+s ocvcm sc| c|+bo|+o+s cx||-
c|t+noo uc + |c+|t|io oc bcnc||c|os ocvc sc| |c|t+ u+noo o bcnc||c|o ooc sc| mcnsu|+oo
mco|+ntc cont|+to oc m+nc||+ + +tcnoc| +s cxcct+t|v+s oc csso+s c nio oc +|scs
^ C|| nio t|ouxc ncn|um bcnc||c|o +os +|scs uc + |+t|c+|+m c o |o| o ||otoco|o oc
C+|t+gcn+ oc||v+oo o+ Convcnio oc ||vc|s|o+oc ||o|og|c+ c um oos m+|o|cs cnt|+vcs +o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto b|+s||c||o ^|ov+oo cm um m oc scm+n+ o| um +co|oo oc ||oc|cs +s-
+,s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
sou + const|tu|| o||t|c+ ub||c+ ^|mo uc o |otoco|o |o| cns+oo como um+ cst|+tcg|+
+|+ m|n+| + |c| oc ||osscgu|+n+ oc |o|+ |+ ocnt|o cm um oc scus momcntos oc vu|nc|+-
b|||o+oc u+noo o cmb+|x+oo| +|ocmbc|g c|+ m|n|st|o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ com |nst|u-
mcntos ocnom|n+oos 'ea'', ooao
Com b+sc ncstc |otoco|o o ||+s|| ooc|+ tc| um o|+ uc |otu|+| scus n+v|os u+noo cxo|t+|-
mos so,+ +|+ + |n|io |u|oc|+ (||) sob o |ctcxto oc |n|o|m+| + soc|co+oc cu|oc|+ |sso |o|
|oosto com b+sc no ||otoco|o oc C+|t+gcn+ c|+ m|n|st|+ |+||n+ ||v+ n+ CO| s o+ C|| cm
Cu||t|b+ ^ con|m+io +|+ tuoo o uc +|mo c uc ncstc momcnto cog|t+-sc + c||+io oo
|||| um+ cscc|c oc |+|nc| |ntc|govc|n+mcnt+| sob|c |uo+n+s C||m+t|c+s (||CC) +|+ + b|o-
o|vc|s|o+oc c||+oo +|+ +sscsso|+| + C|| c c|m|t|| uc c|+ cum|+ +s mct+s uc nio cum||u
cm u+sc ou+s occ+o+s oc co|b|| + ocst|u|io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc no munoo
^ +|cst|+ oo coo|ocn+oo| |o| vo|t+o+ +|+ ocsc|cvc| o |cscntc contcxto O |cst+ntc o+ scs-
sio sc |cst||ng|u + ou+s +|cst|+s +|cm o+ +|cst|+ oo coo|ocn+oo| uc +|cscnt+mos + scgu||
^ ||nc|+| +|cst|+ |o| |o|c||o+ c|o |o|csso| |+noc| Ooo||co oc |o|+|s o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |c-
oc|+| oo Cc+|+ (||C) coo|ocn+oo| oc um oos un|cos cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io n|vc| e no |o|-
ocstc cm |+|m+co|og|+ uc co||obo|+ + +|gumcnt+io oo |c|+to| ||c |csonoc + um+ |no+g+-
io |mo|t+ntc o| uc |nvcst|| cm tomco|c+mcntos no ||+s||
+,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
|lgura +. |o| uc |nvcst|| cm tomco|c+mcntos
600 mil espcies
estimadas
365 mil
Classicadas
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mundial)
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classicadas
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brasileiro

|tu+io +tu+|
|m to|no oc oos mco|c+mcntos convcnc|on+|s o|son|vc|s no munoo sio oc||v+oos
o||ct+ ou |no||ct+mcntc oc mo|ccu|+s oc o||gcm vcgct+|
O mc|c+oo muno|+| oc |totc|+|cos c oc | b|||ocs;+no ( oo mc|c+oo muno|+|
oc mco|c+mcntos)
|c|c+oo |+|m+ccut|co c|cscc oc + +o +no
^s |o,cocs |no|c+m uc +tc os |ns oc o mc|c+oo muno|+| oc |totc|+|cos ocvc|+
cst+| cnt|c c oo mc|c+oo |+|m+ccut|co muno|+|
^s vcno+s +nu+|s oc totc|+|cos no munoo nos u|t|mos c|nco +nos vcm c|csccnoo cn-
t|c c +o +no
:oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O |o|csso| Ooo||co +|gumcntou uc o ||+s|| mov|mcnt+ eoo m|||ocs oc |c+|s +nu+|mcntc so
um+ cucn+ +|cc|+ oc o||gcm b|+s||c||+ m+s oc|x+ c|+|+ + +uscnc|+ oc b|otc||os +|+ |ovc|
+n|m+|s +|+ os tcstcs |c-c||n|cos
^s |ccomcno+ocs m+|s |mo|t+ntcs |c|t+s c|o |o|csso| Ooo||co +|cscnt+mos + scgu||
|csbu|oc|+t|z+| o +ccsso b|o|osccio o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+
|nccnt|v+| + |nov+io n+ +c+ocm|+
|c|m|t|| uc +s +tcntcs oss+m sc| cco|o+s s |noust||+s c|+s |nst|tu|ocs oc csu|s+
|usc+| mcc+n|smos +|+ |nccnt|v+| + |c|+io cnt|c + +c+ocm|+ c o scto| cm|cs+||+|
|m|+nt+| um+ o||t|c+ oc c++c|t+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos o|||g|o+ +|+ + ||| oc mc-
o|c+mcntos (u|m|c+ mco|c|n+| u|m|c+ |noust||+| tccno|og|+ |+|m+ccut|c+ b|otc||smo
|+|m+co|og|+ c tox|co|og|+ |c-c||n|c+ c csu|s+ c||n|c+)
|m|+nt+| ccnt|os oc csu|s+ mu|t|o|sc|||n+|cs +|+ +tcnoc| + ocm+no+ o+ |noust||+ no
uc o|z |csc|to + ||| oc tomco|c+mcntos no +|s
^ +|cst|+ scgu|ntc +|cscnt+o+ c|o csu|s+oo| ^|cx+no|c ^|c|xo o|n|to|ogo |mo|t+ntc oo
|uscu Coc|o| cn|+t|zou + |mo|tnc|+ oc |nvcst|| cm co|cocs +|+ g+|+nt|| o con|cc|mcnto o+
b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ut|||z+noo como mooc|o + su+ +|c+ cscc|c+ + o|n|to|og|+
|cst+cou +s |cg|ocs oc m+|o| o|vc|s|o+oc o|n|to|og|c+ no +|s c +s |ncc|tcz+s |c|+c|on+o+s c|+s-
s|c+io o+s cscc|cs c subcscc|cs +mc++o+s oc cxt|nio |c|cnocu o 8a Ccae uc cst+ n+
+gcno+ oo |C
^ scssio oc||vou +|+ um+ o|scussio sob|c o n+nc|+mcnto ncccss+||o +|+ co|cocs o|uc +s-
s|st|mos com cs+| ocst|u|io oc |mo|t+ntc co|cio no |nst|tuto |ut+nti |c |o|m+ +bso|u-
t+mcntc |n,ust+ um +c|ocntc uc oco||cu cm io |+u|o o| ncg||gcnc|+ o+ |nst|tu|io co|ocou
o |C no |oco o+ ucstio como sc o |C nio |ossc u+sc so||t+||+mcntc o m+|o| n+nc|+oo|
o+s co|cocs b|+s||c||+s O custo cnt|ct+nto c |mcnso c +|cc||+s sio bcm-v|no+s
C+|+ctc||z+io mo|ccu|+| o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+ (||-|o|)
+ ||+gnost|co +cu|+oo o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ||+s||c||+ +t|+vcs o+ |ocnt|c+io oc cscc|cs
mo||o|og|c+mcntc s|m||+|cs (c||t|c+s) m+s gcnct|c+ c cvo|ut|v+mcntc o|st|nt+s
:o+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||oo|vc|s|o+oc
|cscnvo|v|mcnto oc um+ b|b||otcc+ oc coo|gos oc b+||+ o+ v|o+ oc o|g+n|smos b|+s||c|-
|os cm +|t|cu|+io com o |og|+m+ |ntc|n+c|on+| C|o| (Conso|t|um |o| t|c |+|-cooc o|
|||c) uc cnvo|vc ||^ ûst|+||+ C||n+ |n|io |u|oc|+ ucn|+ |cx|co c out|os +|scs
, |nov+io n+ |ocnt|c+io oc o|g+n|smos c |ooutos b|o|og|cos +|+ o|gios oc |otcio
+mb|cnt+| c sc+||z+io s+n|t+||+ |o|m+noo + b+sc +|+ o|vc|s+s +||c+ocs comc|c|+|s
|o|cnscs c c||m|n+||st|c+s
, subcscc|cs oc +vcs +mc++o+s
Ca\ /as.c'a:a ooa - |m c||go
|n'ecss ocoa.a'a:a aaeoss - |m c||go
|scna .as cos.aa - |m c||go
|,naa e'a:a .cea'es.eos - |m c||go
|eoae\e:as:es aa'a aaeoss - |m c||go
|eoac.o.'a oea'a oaaa - |m c||go
|eoac.c'a:es .e:na oeaas - |m c||go
|:ec'cssas o:caa:as o:caa:as - Vu|nc|+vc|
:o:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
1abela +. |cg|ocs ncot|o|c+|s oc m+|o| o|vc|s|o+oc o|n|to|og|c+
keglo Humero de especles
^m+zon|+ c+ 1c00
^m+zon|+ |o|tc co
^m+zon|+ - u| c
^nocs Ccnt|o c04
^nocs - |o|tc
^mc||c+ Ccnt|+| cncost+ oo C+||bc
oc
|+t+ ^t|nt|c+ oc
|co:e|oaoa .oo,)
Parte
Mudanas cllmatlcas
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
Mudanas climticas antrpicas e variaes
climticas naturais
Alice M. Grimm
1. Situao atual relativa ao tema

|m .oo; o |+|nc| |ntc|govc|n+mcnt+| oc |uo+n+s C||m+t|c+s (||CC) cm|t|u scu m+|s |cccntc
|c|+to||o + |csc|to oc muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s |cstc |c|+to||o o ||CC +|m+ sc| mu|to |ov+vc|
uc + +io |um+n+ sc,+ |csons+vc| o| muo+n+s obsc|v+o+s no c||m+ g|ob+| |st+ +|m+-
io c b+sc+o+ cm s|mu|+ocs c |o,cocs com mooc|os c||m+t|cos us+noo + v+||+io n+tu|+|
o+ conccnt|+io oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ n+ +tmos|c|+ c o uc sc suoc sc| + v+||+io n+tu|+|
+c|csc|o+ o+ cont||bu|io +nt|o|c+ Os mooc|os oc |o|m+ gc|+| so |c|oouzcm o +umcnto
oc tcmc|+tu|+ obsc|v+oo cm occ+o+s |cccntcs u+noo |nc|ucm + |o|+ntc +nt|oogcn|c+
Out|+s |no|c+ocs oc muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ +nt|oogcn|c+ |ovcm oc cstuoos o|+gnost|cos uc
most|+m tcnocnc|+s oc tcmc|+tu|+ |cc||t+io n|vc| oo m+| c out|os +|mct|os ^n+||-
scs |o|+m |c+||z+o+s cm sc||cs oc o+oos obsc|v+oos sob|c o g|obo scnoo gc|+|mcntc +s m+|s
|ong+s +s sc||cs oc +|scs oo |cm|s|c||o |o|tc cscc|+|mcntc n+ |u|o+ |st+s sc||cs most|+m
num+ mco|+ g|ob+| +umcnto oc tcmc|+tu|+ no sccu|o XX cscc|+|mcntc +ccntu+oo cnt|c
+ occ+o+ oc +,;o +tc mc+oos o+ occ+o+ oc +,,o
Os +|c|t+s cm|t|oos c|o ||CC tcm mot|v+oo + busc+ oc o||t|c+s oc m|t|g+io c + |ntcns|c+io
cm n|vc| |cg|on+| oo o|+gnost|co oc muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s ,+ cm cu|so +ss|m como + |o,cio
oc muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s |utu|+s sob v+||+oos ccn+||os |cstc contcxto c ncccss+||o cn|+t|z+| +
|mo|tnc|+ sob v+||os +scctos oo con|cc|mcnto o+ v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ n+tu|+|
+ ||o|csso|+ oo |c+|t+mcnto oc ||s|c+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo |+|+n+ (||||)
^||cc | C||mm
:oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|o ||+s|| o o|+gnost|co oc muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s c |c,uo|c+oo c|+ csc+sscz oc |ong+s sc||cs oc
obsc|v+ocs oc +|mct|os mctco|o|og|cos uc c|m|t+m + octccio oc tcnocnc|+s oc |ongo
c||ooo cnocnc|+s |cvc|+o+s cm sc||cs |c|+t|v+mcntc cu|t+s oc +|mct|os c||m+t|cos (tcmc-
|+tu|+ |cc||t+io ctc) uc oocm +|ccc| m+n||cst+io oc muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ |cvc|+m n+
|c+||o+oc muo+n+ oc |+sc cm osc||+ocs |ntc|occ+o+|s n+tu|+|s ||nc|+|mcntc n+s occ+o+s
oc +,;o c +,so |ss+s osc||+ocs oc |ongo c||ooo |oouzcm v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s uc oocm
con|uno||-sc com muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s +nt|o|c+s ||nc|+|mcntc u+noo o||c|cntcs osc||+ocs
|ntc|occ+o+|s cnt|+m cm |+sc suc|onoo scus c|c|tos como |o| o c+so cm occ+o+s |cccntcs
| ncccss+||o con|ccc| + v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ n+tu|+| + m oc sc+|+| +s muo+n+s +nt|o|c+s
o+s v+||+ocs n+tu|+|s cm sc||cs |c|+t|v+mcntc cu|t+s
Os mooc|os c||m+t|cos +tu+|mcntc us+oos cm |o,cocs oc muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s nio |c|oou-
zcm co||ct+mcntc mu|to o+ v+||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| oo s|stcm+ c||m+t|co c scus |m+ctos |cst+
v+||+b|||o+oc cstio |nc|u|o+s +s osc||+ocs |ntc|occ+o+|s cu,+s c+us+s +|no+ nio sio c|+|+s |o-
oc|os |nc++zcs oc s|mu|+| co||ct+mcntc o c||m+ |cscntc com su+ v+||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| +|c-
scnt+m g|+noc |ncc|tcz+ cm su+s |o,cocs |utu|+s ^|cm o|sso cstuoos ocmonst|+m uc + |+-
||+ oos mooc|os cm |c|oouz|| + v+||+b|||o+oc |ntc|occ+o+| n+tu|+| +|tc|+ o ocscmcn|o ocsscs
mooc|os cm c+o+ |cg|io +o |ongo oo tcmo c o|t+nto + su+ con+b|||o+oc occnoc||+ oo
c||ooo oc su+s |o,cocs |mbo|+ tooos os mooc|os sc,+m c++zcs oc most|+| +ucc|mcnto
g|ob+| como conscucnc|+ oo +umcnto o+ conccnt|+io oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ c|cs most|+m
g|+nocs o||c|cn+s n+s |o,cocs |cg|on+|s t+nto oc tcmc|+tu|+ como oc |cc||t+io c out|+s
v+||+vc|s mctco|o|og|c+s |+|+ +v+||+| c v+||o+| os mooc|os +|+ |o,cocs c||m+t|c+s n+ ^mc||c+
oo u| c ncccss+||o con|ccc| + v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ n+tu|+| no nosso cont|ncntc c su+ conc-
xio com mooos c||m+t|cos g|ob+|s
O ||+s|| con|ccc ouco oc su+ v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ n+tu|+| |nc|u|noo su+s c+us+s |m+ctos c
|cv|s|b|||o+oc |stc con|cc|mcnto +|cm oc +,uo+| + octcct+| muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s c +c||c|o+|
os mooc|os +|+ |o,cocs oc c||m+ |utu|o t|+||+ out|os bcnc||c|os cm cu|to |+zo com o m+|s
cc|cntc +|ovc|t+mcnto ocss+ v+||+b|||o+oc cm v+||os scto|cs |mo|t+ntcs como + +g||cu|tu|+
c + gc|+io oc cnc|g|+ ||o|oc|ct||c+
2. Principais desaos para o Brasil nesse campo
^s o|scussocs sob|c muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s co|oc+|+m cm |oco + |mo|tnc|+ o+ mctco|o|og|+
no cstuoo ocss+s muo+n+s c oos scus |m+ctos tcnoo cm v|st+ uc + +tmos|c|+ tcm +c|
ccnt|+| no s|stcm+ c||m+t|co
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s +nt|o|c+s c v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s n+tu|+|s
:o)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
| ncccss+||o tc| um+ c|+|+ noio o+s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s no ||+s|| +|+ uc sc oss+ |c+-
|+| + +o+t+io + c|+s |stuoos ncssc scnt|oo oocm sc| o|+gnost|cos o| mc|o o+ +n+||sc oc
|ong+s sc||cs oc o+oos +|+ |no|c+| muo+n+s ,+ oco|||o+s ou |ognost|cos o| mc|o oc |o-
,cocs oc c||m+ |utu|o |c|t+s com mooc|os c||m+t|cos c us+noo o|vc|sos ccn+||os oc cm|ssocs
|m +mb+s +s +bo|o+gcns o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|co sob|c muo+n+s
c||m+t|c+s c scus |m+ctos +ss+ ncccss+||+mcntc c|o con|cc|mcnto m+|s +b|+ngcntc c m+|s
oct+||+oo o+ o|nm|c+ n+tu|+| oo s|stcm+ c||m+t|co ou sc,+ oc su+ v+||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| |sso
c cscc|+|mcntc vc|o+oc||o +|+ o ||+s|| cu,+s v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s n+tu|+|s (ocsc||io c+us+s
|m+ctos |ntc|-|c|+ocs |cv|s|b|||o+oc) +|no+ sio ouco con|cc|o+s c ouco cx|o|+o+s cm
bcnc||c|o oc v+||os scto|cs o+ soc|co+oc
|os cstuoos o|+gnost|cos oc muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s ,+ oco|||o+s +cn+s o con|cc|mcnto o+ v+-
||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| oo c||m+ c|m|t||+ sc+|+| o uc c muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ +nt|o|c+ oo uc c v+-
||+io c||m+t|c+ n+tu|+| oc |ongo c||ooo (|ntc|occ+o+|)
|+|+ |+zc| |o,cocs oc muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s |utu|+s c ncccss+||o tc| mooc|os c++zcs oc s|mu-
|+| co||ct+mcntc o c||m+ |cscntc com su+ v+||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| C+so cont|+||o +s |ncc|tcz+s os
|o,cocs oocm to|n+| ocs+consc||+vc| + su+ +||c+io |+t|c+ cm |+nc,+mcnto |stuoos o+
v+||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| oo c||m+ oocm +c||c|o+| os mooc|os c||m+t|cos o|uc
so c oss|vc| s+bc| uio bcm os mooc|os s|mu|+m o c||m+ sc cstc |o| bcm con|cc|oo
scnoo o|t+nto ncccss+||os cstuoos o|+gnost|cos oo c||m+ +|+ +v+||+| (c v+||o+|) os mo-
oc|os c |no|c+| o uc c|cs ocvcm |c|oouz||
sc os mcc+n|smos o+s v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s (|c|+ocs c+us+-c|c|to) o|+gnost|c+oos o|
mc|o o+ +n+||sc oc o+oos obsc|v+oos |o|cm con|m+oos cm tcstcs com mooc|os |+
|no|c+io oc uc os mooc|os oocm |c|oouz|| css+s v+||+ocs n+tu|+|s c|+s |+zocs co|-
|ct+s u+noo o+oos c mooc|os cstio cm |+|mon|+ cm |c|+io + octc|m|n+oo t|o oc
v+||+b|||o+oc cntio os mooc|os oocm |cvc-|+
^|cm o+ cont||bu|io oos cstuoos oc v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ n+tu|+| no contcxto o+s csu|s+s
oc muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s |+ out|+s |+zocs mu|to |mo|t+ntcs +|+ cstuo+-|+
|+ v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s n+tu|+|s cm o|vc|s+s csc+|+s oc tcmo uc |m+ct+m s|gn|-
c+t|v+mcntc o|vc|sos scto|cs g|++s s v+||+ocs +ssoc|+o+s oc c|uv+ tcmc|+tu|+ c
out|os c|cmcntos mctco|o|og|cos c cst+s v+||+ocs cx|st||io mcsmo com muo+n+s
c||m+t|c+s +nt|o|c+s
+ v+||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| no c||m+ |cscntc ocvc sc| con|cc|o+ +|+ sc ooc| +v+||+| como
sc|+ +|ct+o+ o| muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
^||cc | C||mm
:os
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
o con|cc|mcnto o+s v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s n+tu|+|s ooc sc| us+oo cm mooc|os concc|tu-
+|s ou cst+t|st|cos +|+ |cv|sio oc v+||+ocs uc os mooc|os o|nm|cos nio |c|oouzcm
+ux|||+noo o gc|cnc|+mcnto oc |ccu|sos ||o||cos c |+nc,+mcnto +g||co|+ (o| cxcm|o
no gc|cnc|+mcnto oc |csc|v+to||os c no zonc+mcnto +g|oc||m+t|co b+sc+oo nio +cn+s
cm mco|+s m+s t+mbcm n+ v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+)
+ ut|||z+io m+|s com|ct+ oss|vc| oc |n|o|m+io sob|c v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s n+tu|+|s ooc
cm cu|to c mco|o |+zo +umcnt+| + |oouio +g||co|+ scm |c,u|zo +o mc|o +mb|cntc c
to|n+| m+|s cc|cntc o uso oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos n+ |oouio oc cnc|g|+ ||o|oc|ct||c+
|n|o|m+ocs sob|c |m+ctos oc v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s n+tu|+|s n+ ||cucnc|+ oc cvcntos
cxt|cmos (c|uv+ ctc) +,uo+m n+ |cvcnio oc ocs+st|cs n+tu|+|s c no |+nc,+mcnto oc
+ocs oc oc|cs+ c|v||
o |m+cto o+s v+||+ocs |ntc|+nu+|s c |ntc|occ+o+|s mu|to |ov+vc|mcntc c no cu|to c
mco|o |+zo m+|o| uc os |m+ctos oc oss|vc|s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s o|t+nto c nc-
ccss+||o con|ccc-|+s +|+ +o+t+|-sc + c|+s
|+ v+||os cxcm|os oc v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ no ||+s|| |m csc+|+ |ntc|+nu+| o cxcm|o m+|s
not+vc| c + v+||+b|||o+oc +ssoc|+o+ com cvcntos || ||o c |+ ||+ |u|tos oos |m+ctos |o-
ouz|oos o| cstcs cvcntos +|no+ nio sio co||ct+mcntc s|mu|+oos o| mooc|os |o|t+nto c+-
|+ctc||z+| os scus c|c|tos cons|stcntcs cm o||c|cntcs coc+s oo +no c mu|to ut|| +|+ |cv|sio
oc oss|vc|s v+||+ocs no c||m+ ocv|o+s + cstcs cvcntos |+ |cg|ocs com g|+noc +t|v|o+oc +g||-
co|+ ou uc |+zcm +|tc oc b+c|+s +ucntcs + |mo|t+ntcs us|n+s ||o|oc|ct||c+s n+s u+|s +
c|uv+ cm cc|tos mcscs c cm mco|+ t|cs ou u+t|o vczcs m+|o| cm cvcntos || ||o uc cm
cvcntos |+ ||+ cnu+nto cm out|+s oco||c o cont|+||o ^|cm o|sso o numc|o oc cvcntos
cxt|cmos oc c|uv+ ooc +umcnt+| +tc c|nco vczcs cm c|soo|os || ||o (|+ ||+) cm |c|+io
+os c|soo|os |+ ||+ (|| ||o)
|u|to mcnos con|cc|o+ uc + v+||+b|||o+oc |ntc|+nu+| c + v+||+b|||o+oc |ntc|occ+o+| no ||+s||
c su+s concxocs com osc||+ocs c||m+t|c+s g|ob+|s |stuoos cm +no+mcnto most|+m uc cssc
t|o oc v+||+b|||o+oc ooc |oouz|| o||c|cn+s cnt|c c|uv+s s+zon+|s oc ||m+vc|+ c vc|io oc +tc
cnt|c |+scs oost+s oc um+ osc||+io |m out|+s cst+ocs + o||c|cn+ c +tc m+|o| cnoo
cm v|st+ uc cst+s |+scs oocm ou|+| um+ occ+o+ ou m+|s t+|s osc||+ocs |ntc|occ+o+|s oocm
|oouz|| scc+s scvc|+s c c|s|stcntcs +ss|m como c||ooos mu|to um|oos ||+s +|no+ |nucm no
|n|c|o c n+| o+ cst+io c|uvos+ o uc ooc tc| conscucnc|+s s|gn|c+t|v+s
|stuoos ,+ |c+||z+oos most|+m uc os mooc|os nio |c|oouzcm co||ct+mcntc +s osc||+ocs |n-
tc|occ+o+|s c scus |m+ctos |o|t+nto +|+ v+||o+| o ocscmcn|o oos mooc|os + cstc |csc|to
no ||+s|| c ncccss+||o csu|s+| cst+ v+||+b|||o+oc scus |m+ctos c scus mcc+n|smos
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s +nt|o|c+s c v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s n+tu|+|s
:o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
3. Recomendaes
cnoo cm v|st+ uc
csu|s+s c||m+to|og|c+s oc v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ n+tu|+| sio |mo|t+ntcs +|+ sc+|+|
+ muo+n+ +nt|o|c+ o+ v+||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| n+ +n+||sc o+ cvo|uio obsc|v+o+ oo c||m+
c t+mbcm +|+ v+||o+| c +c||c|o+| os mooc|os c||m+t|cos uc |o,ct+m muo+n+s c||-
m+t|c+s |utu|+s
+ v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ n+tu|+| su+s c+us+s o|nm|c+s c scus |m+ctos tcm g|+noc oc-
cnocnc|+ s+zon+| c cstuoos oct+||+oos c s|stcm+t|cos sio ncccss+||os
cstcs cstuoos sio csscnc|+|s +|+ cst+bc|ccc| |c|+ocs |ognost|c+s +|+ |cv|sio c||m+-
t|c+ s+zon+|
|cv|socs oc mooc|os o|nm|cos ocvcm sc| comb|n+o+s com |n|o|m+io cst+t|st|c+ |ovc-
n|cntc ocsscs cstuoos +|+ cob||| + v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ nio |c|oouz|o+ c|os mooc|os
csu|s+s c||m+to|og|c+s sio o|t+nto |mo|t+ntcs +|+ |cv|sio c||m+t|c+ c o| |sto
|mo|t+ntcs +|+ o |+nc,+mcnto o+ gc|+io oc cnc|g|+ ||o|oc|ct||c+ +|+ + +g||cu|tu|+
c +|+ + oc|cs+ c|v||
c ncccss+||o |c+|+|-sc nio +cn+s +|+ oss|vc|s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s m+s t+mbcm
+|+ os |m+ctos o+ v+||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| |ntc|occ+o+| +n+||s+noo +s conscucnc|+s o+
|nvc|sio o+ |+sc +tu+| ocsscs mooos oc v+||+b|||o+oc (o| cxcm|o o uc sc|+ o+ +g||cu|-
tu|+ ou o+ gc|+io oc cnc|g|+ ||o|oc|ct||c+ cm +|gum+s |cg|ocs sc o |cg|mc oc c|uv+s
|cto|n+| uc|c oos +nos -)
| |ccomcno+vc| uc no contcxto oc o||t|c+ oc |omcnto csu|s+ c|cnt|c+ c |o|m+io oc
|ccu|sos |um+nos
sc,+m +o|+o+s + cxtcnsio c o +|o|uno+mcnto oc csu|s+s c||m+to|og|c+s +|+ octcc-
t+| c+|+ctc||z+| cx||c+| c |cvc| + v+||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| oo c||m+ no ||+s|| +|cm oc +n+||-
s+| o scu |m+cto sob|c v+||os +scctos |mo|t+ntcs +|+ +g||cu|tu|+ gc|+io oc cnc|g|+
||o|oc|ct||c+ c oc|cs+ c|v|| (c|uv+s mcns+|s s+zon+|s |cg|mc oc c|uv+s ou|+io o+ cst+-
io c|uvos+ o|st||bu|io oc c|uv+s o|+||+s ||cucnc|+ oc cvcntos cxt|cmos ctc) o uc
c|m|t||+ mc||o| +o+t+io
sc,+m +o|+o+s csu|s+s +|+ +c||c|o+mcnto oc mooc|os c||m+t|cos nio +cn+s
u+nto cc|cnc|+ comut+c|on+| oos |og|+m+s m+s u+nto mooc|+gcm oos |cno-
mcnos ||s|cos uc c|cs ocvcm |c|oouz||
^||cc | C||mm
:+o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
sc,+ |ntcns|c+o+ + |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos +|+ csu|s+s n+ +|c+ oc v+||+ocs
c||m+t|c+s c muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
sc,+ m+nt|o+ c cx+no|o+ + |coc oc cst+ocs mctco|o|og|c+s +|+ mon|to|+mcnto t+nto
oc v+||+ocs como oc muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s oc |o|m+ + |oo|c|on+| con,untos oc o+oos
com cobc|tu|+ m+|s un||o|mc oo tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
O desao das novas tecnologias de mitigao
da mudana do clima no contexto do
desenvolvimento sustentvel
Jos Domingos Gonzalez Miguez, Adriano Santhiago de Oliveira, Tiago de Araujo Mendes
1. Introduo
Como c|cmcntos |nt|oouto||os +|+ + |ccxio sob|c o +c| o+s tccno|og|+s no mb|to o+ m|-
t|g+io o+ muo+n+ oo c||m+ |ooc-sc cons|oc|+| o uc cst+ cont|oo no u+|to |c|+to||o
oc ^v+||+io oo |+|nc| |ntc|govc|n+mcnt+| oc |uo+n+s C||m+t|c+s (||CC n+ s|g|+ cm |ng|cs)
+
|+ o |ccon|cc|mcnto gc|+| n+ ||tc|+tu|+ c|cnt|c+ oc uc c +|t+mcntc |m|ov+vc| uc +cn+s

um t|o oc tccno|og|+ oss+ |cso|vc| o |ob|cm+ o+ muo+n+ oo c||m+ |o|t+nto c ncccss+||o
cons|oc|+| um c:/c'c oc tccno|og|+s t+nto +|+ + m|t|g+io o+ muo+n+ oo c||m+ como +|+
+ +o+t+io +os scus c|c|tos
^ tccno|og|+ com|ccno|o+ como |oouto ||sto||co o+s |ntc|+ocs oos s|stcm+s |um+nos c
||s|cos c um+ o+s ||nc|+|s octc|m|n+ntcs oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co c cst+ cnt|c os vcto-
|cs oc cm|ssio oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ ô mcsmo tcmo tccno|og|+ c muo+n+ tccno|og|c+
+ |sne 8: ` à.eoc.. | ^'/seo ( Cc/ee /c'c: | ae 'a Cnesoa,e (Cn |ca.aae | (ao / |aoaoa | |a |c.ee ^
/a:,se ^ |aoa | |an | |.ne's : |cse | .ao \aaeo | waeo .oo, |ssaes e'a:ea :c o:a:co o :ne 'co :eo .co:e\:
|o C'oa:e Cnaoe .oo, /:a:co Cco:oa:co c/ wco Gca ||| :c :ne |ca:n ^ssessoeo: |ec: c/ :ne |o:ec.eooeo:a'
|aoe' co C'oa:e Cnaoe 8 /e: O| |a.asco || 8cs.n | |a.e |^ /e,e eas), Caooae Jo.es:, |ess Caooae
Jo:ea |oaco aoa è. +c `+ J:^
|a'sos | | :na'a | ^naa G âoa | 8ea'e ( |aocoas C Gc''e ^ Gao'e / |a |aco ^ /aaoa,a / /.|a'aoa
| `:oa :a,aoa ^ \''a..eo.c ( .ca .oo, |aoo ssaes |o C'oa:e Cnaoe .oo, /:a:co Cco:oa:co c/ wco
Gca ||| :c :ne |ca:n ^ssessoeo: |ec: c/ :ne |o:ec.eooeo:a' |aoe' co C'oa:e Cnaoe 8 /e: O | |a.asco | | 8cs.n
| |a.e | ^ /e,e eas), Caooae Jo.es:, |ess Caooae Jo:ea |oaco aoa è. +c `+ J:^
|osc |om|ngos Conz+|cz ||gucz ô||+no +nt||+go oc O||vc||+ !|+go oc ^|+u,o |cnocs
:+:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
o|c|cccm +s ||nc|+|s oss|b|||o+ocs +|+ |couz|| cm|ssocs c +t|ng|| + cst+b|||z+io o+s conccn-
t|+ocs +tmos|c||c+s oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+
|+ o|vc|sos +|+o|gm+s us+oos +|+ sc+|+| o |occsso oc muo+n+ tccno|og|c+ cm |+scs o|s-
t|nt+s |m+ +bo|o+gcm c cons|oc|+-|+ +|ox|m+o+mcntc como um |occsso cm ou+s +|tcs
m+s uc cstio |nt||nscc+mcntc ||g+o+s
+ O |occsso oc conccio c||+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc nov+s tccno|og|+s ou |o|t+-
|cc|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s cx|stcntcs o |occsso oc +v+n+| ||ontc||+s tccno|og|c+s
O |occsso oc o||usio ou o|sscm|n+io ocss+s tccno|og|+s
O ccn+||o oc tccno|og|+s o|son|vc|s ocnc o uc ooc sc| |nc|cmcnt+oo c o uso o+ tccno|og|+
|oo|c|on+ +|cno|z+oo uc ooc gu|+| |og|+m+s oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto (||) ou
o||ct+mcntc +c||c|o+| + tccno|og|+ o| mc|o oc 'eaoo o, aco +|cno|z+oo n+ |+t|c+ ou
+|cnoc| |+zcnoo) Os oo|s |occssos sio ||g+oos t+mbcm cm tc|mos oc tcmo
|ov+s tccno|og|+s su|gcm oc um+ g+m+ oc vcto|cs |ntc|+t|vos ^ ||tc|+tu|+ o|v|oc csscs vcto|cs
cm t|cs c+tcgo||+s +m|+s c |ntcg|+o+s || 'eaoo o, aco e s''c.es
8U com|ccnoc um +m|o con,unto oc +t|v|o+ocs o| mc|o o+s u+|s cm|cs+s govc|nos
ou out|+s cnt|o+ocs cm|cg+m |ccu|sos cscc|c+mcntc +|+ +c||c|o+| tccno|og|+s ou obtc|
novo con|cc|mcnto ô mcsmo tcmo cm uc || cob|c um+ sc||c cont|nu+ +m|+ ooc
sc| s|m||c+o+ cm ou+s c+tcgo||+s || +||c+o+ c csu|s+ b+s|c+ c com|ccnoc t+nto
c|cnc|+ como cngcn|+||+ || +||c+o+ tcm o |oco cm +c||c|o+| tccno|og|+s cscc|c+s bcm
ocn|o+s (cxcm|o cc|u|+s + combust|vc|) |csu|s+ b+s|c+ |oc+ cm +|c+s oc cscct|o m+|s +m-
|o c |uno+mcnt+| oo con|cc|mcnto oocnoo sc| o||cnt+o+ ou com |oco n+ c||+io oc novo
con|cc|mcnto scm cons|oc|+io cx||c|t+ oc uso |+s +mb+s sio |ntc|+t|v+s csu|s+ b+s|c+
cm um con,unto oc o|sc|||n+s ou +|c+s oc csu|s+ (oc m+tc||+|s + comut+oo|cs oc +|t+ vc-
|oc|o+oc) ooc c||+| um cc' oc con|cc|mcnto c |oc|+s uc ocvc sc| ocscnvo|v|oo o| mc|o oc
|| +||c+o+ |o| su+ vcz obst+cu|os cm || +||c+o+ t+mbcm oocm |cmctc| + ||o||o+ocs
oc csu|s+ oc vo|t+ c|cnc|+ b+s|c+ Como |cg|+ |+t|c+ o scto| ||v+oo tcm um +c| c+o+
vcz m+|s |ocm|ncntc u+nto m+|s o |occsso sc vo|t+ +|+ + +||c+io comc|c|+| c|mos s|-
m||+|cs cncont|+oos n+ ||tc|+tu|+ |nc|ucm |csu|s+ |cscnvo|v|mcnto c |cmonst|+io (|||)
bcm como |csu|s+ |cscnvo|v|mcnto |cmonst|+io c ||sscm|n+io (|||| ou ||) |sscs
concc|tos cn|+t|z+m + |mo|tnc|+ oc |omovc| + |ntc|+io cnt|c +s csu|s+s b+s|c+ c +||c+o+
vo|t+o+s +|+ +||c+ocs |n|c|+|s oc nov+s tccno|og|+s uc sio |c|cv+ntcs /eeaoa.s c mcc+n|s-
mos oc +|cno|z+oo +|+ || |o||+mcntc o|t+
O ocs+o o+s nov+s tccno|og|+s oc m|t|g+io o+
muo+n+ oo c||m+ no contcxto oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|
:+,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
|| +ssoc|+o+ +o cscct|o cconom|co c |c|cv+ntc +|+ o tcm+ o+ muo+n+ oo c||m+ u+noo
vo|t+o+ +|+ o scto| cnc|gct|co b+s|c+ ou +||c+o+ bcm como | | cm out|os scto|cs |mo|-
t+ntcs (cxcm|o +g||cu|tu|+) ooc o||ct+mcntc |nucnc|+| cm|ssocs oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+
+ssoc|+o+s com csscs scto|cs (cx CO
C|
) ô mcsmo tcmo | | cm scto|cs ++|cntcmcn-

tc nio o||ct+mcntc |c|+c|on+oos ooc t+mbcm |csu|t+| cm bcnc||c|os +|+ scto|cs |c|cv+ntcs
+ssoc|+oos muo+n+ oo c||m+ |o| cxcm|o +v+nos comut+c|on+|s o+s u|t|m+s occ+o+s tcm
mc||o|+oo o ocscmcn|o o+ |oouio oc cnc|g|+ c oo uso o+s tccno|og|+s
Aprender razendo. |c|c|c-sc +os bcnc||c|os uc |csu|t+m oo uso |+t|co oc octc|m|n+o+ tcc-
no|og|+ |sto c ocsoob|+mcnto oc mc|c+oo u+nto m+|s um |no|v|ouo ou o|g+n|z+io |cctc
um+ t+|c|+ m+|s |+b|||t+o+ ou cc|cntc +uc|+ o|g+n|z+io ou |no|v|ouo sc to|n+ cm |c|+io
uc|+ t+|c|+ |m ocsc||ocs m+|s +nt|g+s aeoae /aeoac sc |c|c||+ + +c||c|o+mcntos n+
|oout|v|o+oc o+ mio oc ob|+ oc um s|m|cs |oouto ou o+ ||n|+ oc |oouio Com o +ss+|
oo tcmo + +||c+io oo concc|to sc cx+no|u +|+ um+ m+|o| csc+|+ como um+ |m+ n+ su+
tot+||o+oc |oouz|noo um |oouto +|t|cu|+| |c||o||+s n+ coo|ocn+io c|onog|+m+ aeso
m+tc||+|s c tccno|og|+s oc m+nu|+tu|+ oocm +umcnt+| + |oout|v|o+oc o+ mio oc ob|+ c css+
ocn|io m+|s +m|+ oc aeoae /aeoac |cct||+ n+ +u|s|io oc cxc||cnc|+s cm tooos os n|-
vc|s o|g+n|z+c|on+|s |nc|u|noo cngcn|+||+ gc|cnc|+mcnto vcno+s c oae:o
|+ |ntc|+ocs c|+|+s c |c|cv+ntcs cnt|c o aeoae /aeoac c + || ^ |oouio c o uso o+s
tccno|og|+s |ovccm |mo|t+ntcs /eeaoa.s +|+ o |occsso oc || |ocnt|c+noo +|c+s c|+vc
+|+ +c||c|o+mcnto ou obst+cu|os |mo|t+ntcs
Spillovers |c|c|cm-sc t|+ns|c|cnc|+ oc con|cc|mcnto ou + out|os bcnc||c|os |nc|us|vc ccono-
m|cos o+ |nov+io oc um |no|v|ouo |m+ |noust||+ ou out|+ cnt|o+oc +|+ out|cm ^ tu|b|n+
+ g+s n+ |oouio oc c|ct||c|o+oc s|sm|c+ -| n+ cx|o|+io oc ct|o|co tccno|og|+s oc |+t+-
|o|m+s oc ct|o|co c comut+oo|cs sio s''c.es cm um con,unto oc tccno|og|+s oc cnc|g|+
^ |+b|||o+oc oc |ocnt|c+| c cx|o|+| +v+nos cm c+mos nio ncccss+||+mcntc |c|+c|on+oos c
um oos ||mc||os vcto|cs o+ |nov+io c oo +c||c|o+mcnto +|s +v+nos sio obt|oos oc um
+mb|cntc gc|+oo| oc couc+io csu|s+ c c++c|o+oc |noust||+|
|cscnvo|v|mcnto c o||usio bcm como comc|c|+||z+io oc nov+s tccno|og|+s sio cm gc|+| um
cs|o|o oo scto| ||v+oo o|||g|oo o| |nccnt|vos oc mc|c+oo O scto| ub||co ooc ocscmc-
n|+| um +c| |c|cv+ntc n+ coo|ocn+io c con+nc|+mcnto ocss+s +t|v|o+ocs c o| mc|o oc
o||t|c+s n+ cst|utu|+io ocsscs |nccnt|vos oc mc|c+oo |||m+s csco||cm ocscnvo|vc| c cm|c-
g+| nov+s tccno|og|+s +|+ obtc| v+nt+gcns oc mc|c+oo uc |csu|tcm cm +umcnto oc |uc|os
|uo+n+ oc +o|io tccno|og|co com|ccnoc um+ +m|+ g+m+ oc +t|v|o+ocs uc |nc|ucm ||
|nov+io |o,ctos ocmonst|+t|vos ocsoob|+mcnto comc|c|+| c uso o||uno|oo c cnvo|vc um
:+
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
+m|o |cuc oc +to|cs ocsoc c|cnt|st+s o+ +c+ocm|+ c cngcn|c||os +tc |+bo|+to||os oc csu|-
s+ |noust||+| consu|to|cs |m+s |cgu|+oo|cs |o|ncccoo|cs c consum|oo|cs |u|+ntc + c||+io
c o|sscm|n+io oc tccno|og|+s |cvo|uc|on+||+s (+tu+|mcntc nio cx|stcntcs) o |occsso oc oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto ocvc +|cscnt+| um+ scucnc|+ cm v+||+s |+scs m+s +|+ tccno|og|+s cx|stcn-
tcs |ntc|+ocs oocm oco||c| cnt|c too+s +s |+scs |o| cxcm|o cstuoos sob|c ||m|t+ocs cm
tccno|og|+s co||cntcmcntc +||c+o+s oocm +tu+| como |n|c|+oo|cs oc |nov+io cm csu|s+s
+c+ocm|c+s b+s|c+s
V+||os |+to|cs ocvcm sc| cons|oc|+oos com |csc|to +o |occsso oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c comc|-
c|+||z+io oc tccno|og|+s |m+ |cv|sio oct+||+o+ ocsscs |+to|cs cst+ cont|o+ no |c|+to||o |s-
cc|+| oo ||CC sob|c |+ns|c|cnc|+ oc ccno|og|+ (||CC :e.a' |ec: co e.noc'c, aos/e
:|) |+to|cs + sc|cm cons|oc|+oos no ocscnvo|v|mcnto c comc|c|+||z+io oc nov+s tccno-
|og|+s |nc|ucm
^ cxtcnsio o+ csc+|+ oc tcmo +|+ o cm|cgo o+s tccno|og|+s +v+n+o+s
O con,unto oc b+||c||+s uc +s tccno|og|+s |nov+oo|+s ocvcm u|t|++ss+| +|+ cnt|+|cm
cm uso comc|c|+| |+|g+mcntc o|sscm|n+oo
O +c| oos govc|nos cm c||+| cst|utu|+ +|+ |o|t+|ccc| + o|sscm|n+io o+ tccno|og|+ co-
mc|c|+| |nov+oo|+ c||+o+ o| com+n||+s ||v+o+s
C++c|o+oc oc +bso|io o+ tccno|og|+ c c++c|o+ocs tccno|og|c+s como um tooo sio
t+mbcm |mo|t+ntcs octc|m|n+ntcs o+ |nov+io c o+ o||usio
|ov+s tccno|og|+s ocvcm u|t|++ss+| b+||c||+s tccn|c+s c oc mc|c+oo +|+ cnt|+|cm cm uso co-
mc|c|+| o|sscm|n+oo |+to|cs |c|cv+ntcs |nc|ucm
|e/coao.e
Custos
^cc|t+io o| +|tc oo consum|oo|
cgu|+n+
||scos n+ncc||os c |nst|umcntos n+ncc||os o|son|vc|s
|n||+cst|utu|+
Con|o|m|o+oc |cgu|+to||+
|m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s
O otcnc|+| oc o||usio +|+ um+ nov+ tccno|og|+ occnoc oc tooos os |+to|cs +c|m+ c + tcc-
no|og|+ |+||+ u+nto + um+ ocss+s o|mcnsocs nio +t|ng||+ um+ cnct|+io g|ob+| s|gn|c+t|v+
:+,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
|o|t+nto + |couio oc cm|ssocs oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ ocvc sc| um |mo|t+ntc ob,ct|vo o+
csu|s+ tccno|og|c+ m+s nio o un|co |+to| Out|o |+to| c uc + cxtcnsio o+ csc+|+ oc tcmo
+|+ o cm|cgo |+t|co o+ tccno|og|+ +|cscnt+ um |m+cto subst+nt|vo no como|t+mcnto
oo scto| ||v+oo |csmo com o succsso o+ |nov+io o+ tccno|og|+ o tcmo ncccss+||o +|+ +
nov+ tccno|og|+ |omovc| um |m+cto g|ob+| s|gn|c+t|vo n+s cm|ssocs ooc sc| cons|oc|+vc|
^s |o|m+s como + tccno|og|+ |couz cm|ssocs |utu|+s oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ cm ccn+||os oc
cm|ssio oc |ongo |+zo |nc|ucm
|c||o||+ n+ cc|cnc|+ tccno|og|c+ c |couio oc cm|ssocs o| un|o+oc oc |oouto ou
sc|v|o |ss+s mco|o+s sio |o|t+|cc|o+s u+noo com|cmcnt+o+s o| consc|v+io oc
cnc|g|+ c uso |+c|on+| oc cnc|g|+ (cons|oc|+noo cssc scto| o| cxcm|o)
ubst|tu|io oc |ccu|sos c+|bono-|ntcns|vos oc cnc|g|+ o| out|os mcnos |ntcns|vos |s-
s+s mco|o+s oocm t+mbcm sc| com|cmcnt+o+s o| mc||o||+s oc cc|cnc|+
|nt|oouio oc c+tu|+ c +|m+zcn+mcnto oc CO
(CC n+ +b|cv|+io cm |ng|cs) +|+

+b+tc| cm|ssocs nio cont|o|+o+s |ss+ oio ooc||+ sc| +||c+o+ no |utu|o cm con-
,unto com tccno|og|+s oc gc|+io c|ct||c+ out|+s tccno|og|+s oc convc|sio cnc|gct|c+ c
|occssos cnc|go-|ntcns|vos uc ut|||zcm combust|vc|s |ossc|s bcm como b|om+ss+ (cm
c+o+ c+so |+ |cmoio ||u|o+ oc c+|bono o+ +tmos|c|+)
|nt|oouio oc |ccu|sos cnc|gct|cos |cnov+vc|s t+|s como ||o|c|ct||cos c co||cos |+nt+s
so|+|-tc|m|c+s c cnc|g|+ |otovo|t+|c+ b|om+ss+ mooc|n+ (uc ooc sc| c+|bono-ncut|+
|csu|t+noo cm cm|ssocs ||u|o+s |gu+|s + zc|o) c out|+s tccno|og|+s +v+n+o+s com b+sc
cm |ccu|sos |cnov+vc|s
|o|t+|cc|mcnto oo +c| o+ cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| occnocnoo oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc c|c|os
oc combust|vc|s c |c+to|cs scgu|os |cso|uio oc +ssuntos tccn|cos +ssoc|+oos +o +|m+-
zcn+mcnto oos m+tc||+|s |+o|o+t|vos c +c||c|o+mcnto oos +co|oos n+c|on+|s c |ntc|n+-
c|on+|s oc nio |o|||c|+io oc +|m+mcntos nuc|c+|cs
|ov+s congu|+ocs tccno|og|c+s t+|s como cc|u|+s + combust|vc| c nov+s tccno|og|+s
oc +|m+zcn+mcnto
|couio oc cm|ssocs oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ |csu|t+ntcs o+ +g||cu|tu|+ c uso o+ tc||+
occnoc o+ o||usio oc nov+s tccno|og|+s c |+t|c+s uc oocm |nc|u|| +ocs t+|s como
|oouio mcnos |ntcns|v+ oc |c|t|||z+ntcs c +c||c|o+mcnto oc m+nc,o +n|m+|
:+o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
1abela +.
ccno|og|+s c |+t|c+s c|+vc oc m|t|g+io o| scto|
Setor
1ecnologlas e pratlcas cbave de mltlga-
o dlsponlvels comerclalmente
1ecnologlas e pratlcas cbave de mltlga-
o com projeo de comerclallzao
antes de 20!0
Lnergla
|c||o||+s oc cc|cnc|+ n+ gc|+io c o|st||bu|io
subst|tu|io oc combust|vc|s cnc|g|+ nuc|c+|
cnc|g|+ |cnov+vc| tc|m|c+ c c|ct||c+ (||o||c+
so|+| co||c+ gcotc|m|c+ c b|ocnc|g|+) cogc|+io
+||c+ocs |n|c|+|s oc CC (cx +|m+zcn+mcnto oc
CO
|cmov|oo oc g+s n+tu|+|)

CC n+ gc|+io oc c|ct||c|o+oc o| mc|o oc
|+nt+s + g+s b|om+ss+ ou c+|vio cnc|g|+ nuc|c+|
+v+n+o+ cnc|g|+ |cnov+vc| +v+n+o+ |nc|u|noo
cnc|g|+ o+s ono+s occn|c+s cnc|g|+ so|+|
conccnt|+o+ c |otovo|t+|c+
1ransporte
Vc|cu|os mov|oos com combust|vc|s m+|s
cc|cntcs uso oc o|csc| m+|s ||mo
b|ocombust|vc|s muo+n+s oc moo+|s com |oco
cm |c||ov|+s c s|stcm+s ub||cos oc t|+nso|tc
t|+nso|tc nio moto||z+oo |+nc,+mcnto oo uso
o+ tc||+ c t|+nso|tc
cguno+ gc|+io oc b|ocombust|vc|s +v|+io
m+|s cc|cntc vc|cu|os c|ct||cos c ||b||oos
+v+n+oos com b+tc||+s c |ontcs cnc|gct|c+s m+|s
con+vc|s
Construo
||um|n+io cc|cntc cu|+mcntos c|ct||cos c
oc +ucc|mcnto;|cs|||+mcnto m+|s cc|cntcs
|ogocs cc|cntcs u|oos |c|||gc|+ntcs +|tc|n+t|vos
|ccuc|+io c |cc|c|+gcm oc g+scs uo|+oos
|cs|gn |ntcg|+oo oc |co|os comc|c|+|s
|nc|u|noo tccno|og|+s como mco|oo|cs
|ntc||gcntcs +|+ cont|o|c c |ccob+c| cnc|g|+
so|+| |ntcg|+o+ nos co|||c|os
|ndustrla
|u|+mcntos m+|s cc|cntcs no uso n+| oc
c|ct||c|o+oc |ccuc|+io oc cnc|g|+ tc|m|c+ c
c|ct||c+ |cc|c|+gcm c subst|tu|io oc m+tc||+|s
cont|o|c oc cm|ssocs
|c|cnc|+ cnc|gct|c+ +v+n+o+ CC +|+ +
|oouio oc c|mcnto +mon|+ c mct+|s c|ct|ooos
|nc|tcs +|+ + |+b||c+io oc +|um|n|o
Agrlcultura
^c||c|o+mcnto oc m+nc,o +g||co|+ |ccuc|+io
oc tc||+s ocg|+o+o+s tccn|c+s mc||o|+o+s oc
cu|t|vo oc +||oz tccn|c+s mc||o|+o+s oc m+nc,o
+n|m+| c oc |cs|ouos tccn|c+s mc||o|+o+s oc
+||c+io oc |c|t|||z+ntcs |+vou|+s cnc|gct|c+s
oco|c+o+s +|+ subst|tu|| combust|vc|s |ossc|s
mc||o||+s oc cc|cnc|+ cnc|gct|c+
ûmcnto o+ |oout|v|o+oc oc co||c|t+
|lorestas
||o|cst+mcnto;|c|o|cst+mcnto m+nc,o |o|cst+|
|couio oc ocsm+t+mcnto m+nc,o oc |ooutos
m+oc||c||os uso oc m+oc||+ +|+ b|ocnc|g|+
|c||o||+s oc cscc|cs +|bo|c+s +|+ +umcnt+|
|oout|v|o+oc oc b|om+ss+ c |cmoio
oc c+|bono |c||o||+s cm tccno|og|+s oc
scnso||+mcnto |cmoto +|+ +n+||sc oc vcgct+io;
c+|bono oo so|o otcnc|+| oc |cmoio c
m+c+mcnto o+ muo+n+ no uso o+ tc||+
1ratamento
de reslduos
|ccuc|+io oc mct+no cm +tc||os |nc|nc|+io
oc |cs|ouos com |ccuc|+io cnc|gct|c+
comost+gcm t|+t+mcnto oc csgoto |cc|c|+gcm
c m|n|m|z+io oc gc|+io oc ||xo
||ocobc|tu|+s c ||t|os b|o|og|cos +|+ ot|m|z+|
ox|o+io oc C|
4
||CC umm+|y |o| |o||cym+|c|s |n C||m+tc C|+ngc ||t|g+t|on Cont||but|on o| \o|||ng C|ou ||| to t|c |ou|t|
^sscssmcnt |co|t o| t|c |ntc|govc|nmcnt+| |+nc| on C||m+tc C|+ngc | |ctz O| |+v|oson || |osc| | |+vc | ^ |cyc|
(cos)] C+mb||ogc |n|vc|s|ty ||css C+mb||ogc |n|tco ||ngoom +no |cw o|| | |^ (|+ouio |oss+)
cto|cs c tccno|og|+s sio ||st+oos cm o|ocm +|c+to||+ nio |c|cscnt+noo ||o||o+oc ||+t|c+s nio tccno|og|c+s como
muo+n+ no +o|io oc consumo nio |o|+m |nc|u|o+s
:+)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
2. Objetivo
O ob,ct|vo ||nc|+| ocstc oocumcnto c cont||bu|| +|+ + o|scussio o+ cssio cm+t|c+ sob|c
|uo+n+ oo C||m+ no mb|to o+ |V Con|c|cnc|+ |+c|on+| oc C|cnc|+ ccno|og|+ c |nov+io
+|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| Contcm|+| too+s +s tccno|og|+s ||st+o+s n+ +bc|+ + |ogc
oo cscoo ocssc t|+b+||o c o|t+nto + |oost+ c |ovoc+| o ocb+tc sob|c o ocs+o tccno|o-
g|co no contcxto o+ muo+n+ oo c||m+ tcnoo como b+sc +|guns cxcm|os cxt|+|oos o+ |c|c-
||o+ t+bc|+ |+|+ t+nto c cons|oc|+noo uc sc t|+t+ oc um+ Con|c|cnc|+ oc C|cnc|+ ccno|og|+
c |nov+io |ooc-sc + b|cvc cons|oc|+io oc +|gum+s tccno|og|+s com otcnc|+| oc comc|-
c|+||z+io +tc ugc|c-sc uc ou|+ntc + |c|tu|+ sob|c css+s tccno|og|+s |nov+oo|+s sc tcn|+
+ |nt|oouio +c|m+ cxt|+|o+ oo u+|to |c|+to||o oc ^v+||+io oo ||CC como +no oc |unoo
3. Captura e armazenamento geolgico de CO
2
(CCS)
^ c+tu|+ c o +|m+zcn+mcnto oc CO
(CC n+ +b|cv|+io oo |ng|cs) cnvo|vcm o uso oc tccno-

|og|+ +v+n+o+ +|+ co|ct+| c conccnt|+| o CO

|oouz|oo cm |+nt+s |noust||+|s ou oc gc|+io
oc cnc|g|+ +|+ t|+nso|t+-|o +o |oc+| +ocu+oo c +|+ +|m+zcn+-|o c |so|+-|o o+ +tmos|c|+ o|
c||ooo |ongo oc tcmo O CC ooc const|tu|| um mc|o oc ut|||z+io oc combust|vc|s |ossc|s
com um+ cm|ssio mcnos |ntcns|v+ oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+
^ tccno|og|+ cm|cg+o+ |cuc| um +|to mont+ntc oc |nvcst|mcntos mcsmo cm n|vc| oc oc-
monst|+io |+t+-sc oc +t|v|o+oc com|cx+ ||nc|+|mcntc o|uc + c+tu|+ oo CO
cnvo|vc
|occssos ||s|co-u|m|cos nio t||v|+|s +|cm oc |cuc|c| s|gn|c+t|vo +o|tc oc cnc|g|+ +|+ +
oc|+io |st|m+t|v+s |cccntcs oc custos tcm |no|c+oo uc + |+nt+ oc c+tu|+ cont||bu| com +
m+|o| +|tc oo tot+| oos custos (|nc|u|noo + com|cssio) +o sc cons|oc|+| too+ + c+oc|+ O ||n-
c|+| |+to| +|+ |sso c o consumo oc cnc|g|+
Os custos +|+ os v+||os comoncntcs oo s|stcm+ v+||+m oc m+nc||+ +m|+ occnocnoo o+
|+nt+ oc |c|c|cnc|+ o+ |ontc oc CO
bcm como o+s s|tu+ocs oc t|+nso|tc c +|m+zcn+mcnto

(||CC )
cgunoo o ||CC () mctooos novos ou +c||c|o+oos oc c+tu|+ oc CO
comb|n+oos com
s|stcm+s +v+n+oos oc gc|+io oc cnc|g|+ ou oc |occssos |noust||+|s ooc||+m |couz|| os cus-
tos ocss+ c+tu|+ bcm como + u+nt|o+oc oc cnc|g|+ |cuc||o+ ^cs+| oc |+vc| |ncc|tcz+
cons|oc|+vc| sob|c + m+gn|tuoc c o tcmo o+s |couocs oc custos + ||tc|+tu|+ sugc|c uc n+
|ox|m+ occ+o+ o custo oc c+tu|+ ooc||+ sc| |couz|oo oc + c |couocs m+|s subs-
t+nc|+|s ooc||+m sc| +|c+n+o+s o| nov+s tccno|og|+s uc ,+ cstio cm |+scs oc csu|s+ ou
:+s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
ocmonst|+io |couocs |utu|+s oc custos occnoc|io o+ o|sscm|n+io c +ooio o+s tccno|o-
g|+s comc|c|+|s uc oss+m sc| +bso|v|o+s c|o mc|c+oo +ss|m como oc |csu|s+ c |cscnvo|-
v|mcnto (||) sustcnt+oos Os custos oc t|+nso|tc c +|m+zcn+mcnto ooc||+m occ|cscc| n+
mco|o+ cm uc + tccno|og|+ sc to|n+ssc m+|s m+ou|+ c |ouvcssc g+n|o oc csc+|+
^tu+|mcntc tubu|+ocs oc|+m como um+ tccno|og|+ m+ou|+ c const|tucm o mctooo m+|s
comum +|+ sc t|+nso|t+| CO
^ ||mc||+ tubu|+io oc |ong+ o|stnc|+ +|+ t|+nso|t+| CO

cnt|ou cm oc|+io no |n|c|o o+ occ+o+ oc (||CC )
|m tc|mos gc|+|s tubu|+io +|+ CO
c mu|to s|m||+| uc|+ ut|||z+o+ +|+ t|+nso|tc oc g+s n+-

tu|+| |csgu+|o+o+s +s ocv|o+s o||c|cn+s
|m +|gum+s s|tu+ocs ou |oc+|s t|+nso|tc oc CO
o| n+v|os ooc sc| cconom|c+mcntc m+|s

+t|+t|vo +|t|cu|+|mcntc u+noo o CO
tcm uc sc| t|+nso|t+oo o| |ong+s o|stnc|+s O g+s

||uc|c|to oc ct|o|co (C||) c t|+nso|t+oo cm csc+|+ comc|c|+| o| t+nucs m+||t|mos (oaoe
:aoes) CO
ooc sc| t|+nso|t+oo o| n+v|o oc |o|m+ s|m||+| (t||c+mcntc + ||+) m+s

|sso +tu+|mcntc oco||c cm cucn+ csc+|+ cm |unio o+ ocm+no+ ||m|t+o+ ^s |o||co+ocs oo
CO
||uc|c|to sio s|m||+|cs uc|+s oo C|| c + tccno|og|+ ooc||+ g+n|+| csc+|+ occnocnoo o+
ocm+no+ o| cssc t|o oc s|stcm+ (||CC )
Os custos +|+ os oo|s t|os oc t|+nso|tc cons|oc|+oos +c|m+ occnocm o+s o|stnc|+s c o+ u+n-
t|o+oc t|+nso|t+o+ |o c+so o+s tubu|+ocs |+ |o|tc occnocnc|+ oc sc| cosnce ou csnce
cgunoo o ||CC () cc|c+ oc - |tCO
;+no tcm s|oo c+tu|+o+s c +|m+zcn+o+s cm |o|m+-

ocs gco|og|c+s cm t|cs |o,ctos oc csc+|+ |noust||+| (|+| oo |o|tc C+n+o+ c ^|gc||+) ô|c|on+|-
mcntc |tCO
c |n,ct+o+ +nu+|mcntc o| mc|o oc |ccuc|+io oc o|co (|O| n+ +b|cv|+io

oo |ng|cs) scnoo + m+|o| +|tc |oouz|o+ com o|co o+ u+| c sc+|+o+ c |c|n,ct+o+ ô n+| o+
|ccuc|+io oo o|co o CO
ooc sc| |ct|oo como mco|o+ oc m|t|g+io o+ muo+n+ oo c||m+

cm vcz oc sc| cm|t|oo +|+ + +tmos|c|+ O ||+s|| tcm cxc||cnc|+ cm |O| c |cc|s+ cons|oc|+-|+
ocnt|o o+ c+oc|+ oo CC
^ |n,cio oc CO
cm |o|m+ocs gco|og|c+s |o|uno+s cnvo|vc mu|t+s o+s mcsm+s tccno|og|+s

uc tcm s|oo ocscnvo|v|o+s n+ |noust||+ oc cx|o|+io c |oouio oc ct|o|co c g+s Contuoo
os custos v+||+m ||nc|+|mcntc cm |unio oc |+to|cs como |oc+||z+io (cosnce csnce)
|o|uno|o+oc oo |csc|v+to||o c c+|+ctc||st|c+s gco|og|c+s Os custos oc +|m+zcn+mcnto m+|s
b+|xos cstio |c|+c|on+oos + |csc|v+to||os cosnce ||nc|+|mcntc os m+|s |+sos c com +|t+ c|-
mc+b|||o+oc O mcsmo sc +||c+ + oos c |n||+cst|utu|+ cm c+mos oc ct|o|co c g+s cx|stcn-
tcs uc oss+m sc| |cut|||z+oos (||CC )
:+,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
^ tccno|og|+ oc CC cnvo|vc o||c|cntcs comoncntcs c n|vc|s oc m+tu||o+oc no mb|to oo mc|-
c+oo con|o|mc + +bc|+
1abela :. C|+u oc m+tu||o+oc oos comoncntcs oc um s|stcm+ oc CC
C
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m
a
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o
C+tu|+
|os-combustio X
||c-combustio X
Oxy|uc| X
c+|+io
|noust||+|
X
|+nso|tc
ubu|+io X
|+v|o X
^|m+zcn+mcnto
gco|og|co
|ccuc|+io oc
o|co (|O|)
X
C+mos oc g+s
ou o|co
X
|o|m+ocs
s+||n+s
X
|ccuc|+io
oc mct+no cm
c+m+o+s oc
c+|vio (|C||)
X
^|m+zcn+mcnto
no occ+no
|n,cio o||ct+
(t|o o|sso|uio)
X X
|n,cio o||ct+
(t|o |+go)
X
C+|bon+t+io
m|nc|+|
|||c+to X
|+tc||+|s
|cs|ou+|s
X
|so |noust||+| oo
CO
X
||CC cc|+| |co|t C+|bon ||ox|oc C+tu|c +no to|+gc O X' |no|c+ n|vc| +|to oc m+tu||o+oc |+|+ + m+|o||+ oos
comoncntcs tccno|og|+s mcnos m+ou|+s t+mbcm cx|stcm
::o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
^ cxc||cnc|+ com + |ntcg|+io s|stcm|c+ com|ct+ o+ c+tu|+ t|+nso|tc c +|m+zcn+mcnto oc
CO
c |c|+t|v+mcntc csc+ss+ O CC +|no+ nio |o| ut|||z+oo cm |+nt+s oc |+|g+ csc+|+ |nt|ct+n-
to scgunoo o ||CC () + |ntcg|+io oc c+tu|+ t|+nso|tc c +|m+zcn+mcnto cm |o,ctos
oc |+|g+ csc+|+ c ncccss+||+ +|+ g+n|o oc con|cc|mcnto c cxc||cnc|+ + m oc |omovc| um+
m+|o| o|sscm|n+io oc tccno|og|+s oc CC || t+mbcm c ncccss+||+ +|+ +c||c|o+| o con|c-
c|mcnto oc concc|tos cmc|gcntcs c gc|+io oc tccno|og|+s +|+ c+tu|+ oc CO
com otcnc|+|
oc |couz|| s|gn|c+t|v+mcntc os custos oc c+tu|+ +|+ |+nt+s nov+s c cx|stcntcs
O govc|no b|+s||c||o |ccon|ccc o CC como um+ oss|vc| oio oc tccno|og|+ +|+ + m|t|g+io
o+ muo+n+ oo c||m+ cnt|c um +m|o c:/c'c oc oo|tun|o+ocs |o|t+nto ocvc-sc +o|+| +
+cc|c|+io o+s csu|s+s sob|c tccno|og|+s oc CC bcm como o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c o||usio |n-
c|u|noo + t|+ns|c|cnc|+ o+uc|+s tccno|og|+s uc cstio c|o mcnos n+ |+sc oc ocmonst|+io O
govc|no cst+ consc|cntc oc uc + +||c+io oo CC nos +|scs cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto occnoc|+
oo g|+u oc m+tu||o+oc tccno|og|c+ custos o||usio c t|+ns|c|cnc|+ oc tccno|og|+ bcm como o+
+v+||+io oc c|cmcntos soc|o+mb|cnt+|s |ccon|cccnoo +o mcsmo tcmo uc cssc |occsso c
|ntcns|vo t+nto cm c+|t+| como cm tccno|og|+
cnoo como b+sc os c|cmcntos t|+t+oos +ntc||o|mcntc +|cm oc out|os c oss|vc| cons|oc|+| os
scgu|ntcs ocs+os tccno|og|cos +|+ ocb+tc
|nvcst|mcnto cm | | bcm como cm |+nt+s oc ocmonst|+io
C+n|o oc csc+|+
c|cio oc |oc+| +ocu+oo +|+ +|m+zcn+mcnto
C++c|o+oc oc +|m+zcn+mcnto
Cont+m|n+ntcs
|couio oc custos ||nc|+|mcntc o| mc|o oc nov+s tccno|og|+s oc c+tu|+
|on|to|+mcnto
|cn|io oc cono|ocs oc oc|+io
|ccomcno+io oc |+t|c+s c aae'oes + +|t|| oc || c ||otos
|ocnt|c+io oc v+z|os oc con|cc|mcnto c conscucntc o||cc|on+mcnto oc ||o||o+oc
+|+ | |
V+z+mcnto +c|ocnt+| c o|sc|sio oc CO
V+z+mcntos oc CO
no |ongo |+zo
::+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
|o| m too+ css+ o|scussio ocvc sc| ost+ cm c|scct|v+ + +|t|| oo c|| cnc|gct|co n+c|on+|
cgunoo o+oos oo |+|+no |nc|gct|co |+c|on+| () + +|t|c|+io o+ cnc|g|+ oc |ontc |cno-
v+vc| |c|cscntou oo tot+| o uc |+z uc + m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ n+c|on+| sc,+ b+st+ntc ||m+
com+|+t|v+mcntc uc|+s oos ocm+|s +|scs |o munoo css+ t+x+ c oc c nos +|scs mcm-
b|os o+ OC|| c oc +cn+s |o|t+nto o|+ntc ocssc u+o|o ooc-sc conc|u|| uc CC nio sc-
||+ um+ ||o||o+oc no ||+s|| Contuoo o +|s |cc|s+ cs+| + ncccss|o+oc oc |nvcst|mcntos ncssc
scto| u+noo sc cons|oc|+m ucstocs oc comct|t|v|o+oc tccno|og|c+ scm oc|x+| oc mcnc|on+|
os ocs+os uc + cx|o|+io oo |c-s+| t|+|+
4. Captura e armazenamento de CO2 em base renovvel
(Renewable CCS RCCS)
5
O ||+s|| |gu|+ cnt|c os ||oc|cs muno|+|s uc oom|n+m + tccno|og|+ oos b|ocombust|vc|s ||n-
c|+|mcntc ct+no| ^ c+tu|+ c o +|m+zcn+mcnto oo CO
oocm sc| |c+||z+oos tcnoo o| b+sc

|occssos uc ut|||z+m + b|om+ss+ como |ccu|so
|CC com b+sc cm b|om+ss+ +|cscnt+ + v+nt+gcm +o|c|on+| oc o |occsso |csu|t+| cm b+|+n-
o ncg+t|vo oc cm|ssio oc CO
u+noo +||c+oo cm |+nt+s |oouto|+s oc ct+no| |+|+ c+o+

||t|o oc combust|vc| |cnov+vc| |oouz|oo nio |+ +cn+s |couio oc cm|ssocs m+s |+ t+mbcm
|cmoio oc CO
o+ +tmos|c|+ c|o |occsso oc |otoss|ntcsc |c |+to + comb|n+io oo uso oc

ct+no| |ovcn|cntc o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+| com |CC sc||+ um+ o+s ouc+s oss|b|||o+ocs cx|stcn-
tcs oc +|cm oc |couz|| cm|ssocs oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ to|n+-|+s ncg+t|v+s no b+|+no gc|+|
O |o||o ||CC () |ccon|ccc uc + +||c+io oc CC com b+sc cm |ccu|sos oc cnc|g|+ o+
b|om+ss+ ooc |csu|t+| cm |cmoio ||u|o+ oc CO
o+ +tmos|c|+ (|c|c|cnc|+o+ como cm|ssocs

ncg+t|v+s) o| mc|o oc c+tu|+ c +|m+zcn+mcnto oo CO
+tmos|c||co |cmov|oo c|+ b|om+ss+

Com otcnc|+|s |ccu|sos oo C|| o ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) vcm ||oc|+noo +
c|+bo|+io oc um |o,cto cu,o ob,ct|vo c ocscnvo|vc| um+ |+nt+ ocmonst|+t|v+ oc |CC ut|||-
z+noo o CO
cm|t|oo c|o |occsso oc |c|mcnt+io cm us|n+s |oouto|+s oc +uc+| c ct+no| no

cst+oo oc io |+u|o |u|+ntc + |c|mcnt+io o CO
c cm|t|oo |+t|c+mcntc ||v|c oc out|os g+scs

c |mu|cz+s |+vcnoo +cn+s + cx|gcnc|+ oc scc+gcm c com|cssio |ssc CO
com +|to g|+u oc

u|cz+ sc|+ +|m+zcn+oo cm |o|m+ocs s+||n+s
cxto +o+t+oo oo ||o,cct |ocnt||c+t|on |o|m submct|oo +o C|ob+| |nv||onmcnt |+c|||ty (C||) |CC - |cncw+b|c CO
C+tu|c +no to|+gc ||om ug+| |c|mcnt+t|on |noust|y |n +o |+u|o t+tc
:::
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O ob,ct|vo c csscnc|+|mcntc +|m+zcn+| CO
tcnoo cm v|st+ uc + c+tu|+ uc const|tu| + ct++

m+|s o|||c|| oo CC com b+sc cm combust|vc|s |ossc|s nio c ncccss+||+ ocv|oo +o +|to g|+u oc u-
|cz+ oo CO
gc|+oo c|o |occsso o+ |c|mcnt+io oo +uc+| Out|o |+to| os|t|vo c uc + tcmc-

|+tu|+ cm uc o g+s u| c |+t|c+mcntc + mcsm+ o+ vcnt||+io oo tonc| oc |c|mcnt+io Out|+
v+nt+gcm c o otcnc|+| oc |c||c+io +|+ out|os |occssos b+sc+oos cm o||c|cntcs |ccu|sos
|+ |oouio oc + tonc|+o+ oc ct+no| u+sc + tonc|+o+ oc CO
ooc sc| c+tu|+o+ |s|n+s oc

+uc+| c +|coo| b+sc+o+s cm c+n+ c gc|+noo c|ct||c|o+oc com c+|oc||+s c|c|cntcs ( b+| ou
m+|s) oocm |csu|t+| cm cm|ssocs ncg+t|v+s o| mc|o o+ +||c+io oo |CC
^ |noust||+ oc +uc+| c +|coo| no ||+s|| |oouz +|ox|m+o+mcntc m|||ocs oc tonc|+o+s
oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| c m|||ocs oc mct|os cub|cos oc ct+no| bcm como m|||ocs oc tonc-
|+o+s oc +uc+| + c+o+ +no Cons|oc|+noo uc mct|o cub|co oc ct+no| cu|v+|c + to-
nc|+o+s + |oouio +nu+| oc ct+no| cm co||csonoc + m|||ocs oc tonc|+o+s c con-
scucntcmcntc m|||ocs oc tonc|+o+s oc CO
ooc||+m sc| +|m+zcn+o+s +nu+|mcntc sc

+ tccno|og|+ |ossc +||c+o+ + too+s +s us|n+s cm oc|+io no tc|||to||o n+c|on+| |+oo o
t+m+n|o o+ |noust||+ oc +uc+| c +|coo| no +|s o succsso ocssc |o,cto ocmonst|+t|vo t|+|+
s|gn|c+t|vos bcnc||c|os +|+ o +mb|cntc g|ob+| bcm como |m+ct+|+ + o|scussio sob|c + sus-
tcnt+b|||o+oc oos b|ocombust|vc|s
^|guns +scctos oc cxt|cm+ |c|cvnc|+ ocvcm sc| cons|oc|+oos no ocb+tc sob|c + tccno|og|+
V|+b|||o+oc tccn|c+ c custos cstuoos oc v|+b|||o+oc tccn|c+ c n+ncc||+ |cc|s+m sc| +o|+oos
|nc|u|noo + |ocnt|c+io o+s |o|m+ocs s+||n+s aesos tccn|cos +|+ o s|stcm+ oc c+tu|+ c tu-
bu|+io bcm como ||ccnc|+mcnto
|cmonst|+io c t|+ns|c|cnc|+ oc tccno|og|+ o ocs+o oc to|n+| + tco||+ cm |+t|c+ occnoc|+
oc cxc||cnc|+s ||otos como o |o,cto c|t+oo +ntc||o|mcntc Como + c+n+-oc-+uc+| c |oou-
z|o+ ||nc|+|mcntc nos +|scs cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto o succsso o+ tccno|og|+ cont||bu||+ +|+ +
t|+ns|c|cnc|+ oc tccno|og|+ u|-u|
^||c+io o+ tccno|og|+ (c++c|t+io) ocvc |+vc| o cnvo|v|mcnto oo scto| |noust||+| m+s t+m-
bcm |nst|tu|ocs tccn|c+s c c|cnt|c+s |cvc-sc cons|oc|+| + sc|cio oos |oc+|s b+sc+o+ n+ o|s-
on|b|||o+oc oc |n|o|m+ocs o+ subsuc|||c|c |m|cmcnt+io oc |og|+m+ oc mon|to|+mcnto
mctooos oc |ocnt|c+io c |ov|ocnc|+s +|+ cont|o|+| oss|vc|s v+z+mcntos ctc
|+|+ oc|+io comc|c|+| c |cc|so cons|oc|+| uc o uxo sc|+ m+|o| c + tubu|+io ooc|+ com-
b|n+| o uxo oc v+||+s |+nt+s |ox|m+s ^|gum+s |cg|ocs como +uc|+s |oc+||z+o+s no cst+oo
oc io |+u|o o| cxcm|o sio ocns+s cm us|n+s oc +uc+| c +|coo| (cc|c+ oc un|o+ocs o|s-
t||bu|o+s num+ +|c+ oc |m
)
::,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
5. Bioetanol
|c + + |oouio oc ct+no| no ||+s|| c|csccu cm mco|+ o| +no |m
o mc|c+oo oomcst|co contcm|ou b|||ocs oc ||t|os com m+|s b|||ocs oc ||t|os scnoo
cxo|t+oos O consumo |ntc|no tcm c|csc|oo cont|nu+mcntc +o sc cons|oc|+| o uso oc +uto-
movc|s e\ /ae' |st|m+-sc uc o consumo oomcst|co +t|ng||+ b|||ocs oc ||t|os c b|||ocs
oc ||t|os cm c |cscct|v+mcntc ^s cxo|t+ocs occnoc|io oo como|t+mcnto
oo mc|c+oo m+s cst|m+-sc uc b|||ocs oc ||t|os ooc||+m sc| cxo|t+oos +nu+|mcntc +tc
(\^||| e: a' )
c no +ss+oo + csu|s+ b|+s||c||+ gc|ou + tccno|og|+ uc ocu suo|tc +o c|csc|mcnto oo scto|
|o,c gc|+m-sc tccno|og|+s uc |ocu|+m so|uc|on+| os |ob|cm+s octcct+oos n+ |+t|c+ +g|o|n-
oust||+| (^|||^|| )
O ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s |nov+oo|+s +|+ o ct+no| ocvc contcm|+| c|cmcntos o+
c+oc|+ |oout|v+ oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| +|coo| +uc+| c b|ocnc|g|+ ^ +||c+io oc tccno|og|+ oc
ont+ ocvc sc| busc+o+ +|+ g+|+nt|| + comct|t|v|o+oc c + m+nutcnio o+ ||oc|+n+ uc o ||+-
s|| +|c+nou ncssc scto| O ob,ct|vo ocssc |tcm oo tcxto c cst|mu|+| o ocb+tc sob|c o ocs+o o+
|nov+io no scto| oc |oouio oc ct+no|
|+ cx+nsio o+ |oouio oc b|oct+no| c|+s us|n+s b|+s||c||+s + |nco|o|+io oc |occssos
|nov+oo|cs c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co cum|||+m um +c| csscnc|+| com |nc|cmcnto
o+ cc|cnc|+ n+ |oouio c |og|css|v+ |couio oos |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s |o mcsmo mooo
+s nov+s oss|b|||o+ocs oc |oouio b|ocnc|gct|c+ com b+sc n+ c+n+ com o cm|cgo oc sub-
|ooutos ||gnocc|u|os|cos n+ |oouio oc b|oct+no| c c|ct||c|o+oc occnocm sob|cm+nc||+ oc
|occssos +|no+ cm |+sc oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto (|||| c CC|| )
|+|+ cst|mu|+| cssc ocb+tc |o|+m cxt|+|oos +|guns c|cmcntos cont|oos cm |||| c CC||
() uc contcm|ou tccno|og|+s +v+n+o+s n+ +g|o|noust||+ o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+|
|+|+ t+nto
|o|+m cons|oc|+o+s tccno|og|+s |nov+oo|+s +|+ + ut|||z+io o+ c+n+ como |nsumo |noust||+| c
cnc|gct|co cnvo|vcnoo + |oouio oc b|oct+no| c cons|oc|+noo |occssos vo|t+oos +|+ + v+-
|o||z+io oos m+tc||+|s ||gnocc|u|os|cos mco|+ntc su+ ||o|o||sc ou g+sc|c+io c + |oouio oc
|+st|cos b|oocg|+o+vc|s ^ mcsm+ |ontc |occocu + um+ |cv|sio o+s oo|tun|o+ocs oc cm|c-
go oo b|oct+no| como |nsumo b+s|co +|+ + |noust||+ ct|ou|m|c+ (ou +|coo|u|m|c+) c+mo
no u+| ,+ sc ocscnvo|vc|+m |o,ctos |mo|t+ntcs |+ +|gum+s occ+o+s c uc o|+ c |ctom+oo cm
nov+s |n|c|+t|v+s |ss+ v|sio |ntcg|+o+ |cv+ |nc|us|vc + novos concc|tos como o o+s b|o||cn+||+s
|+|+ +|o|uno+mcnto sob|c out|+s ucstocs +ssoc|+o+s +o b|oct+no| sio sugc||o+s |c|cv+ntcs ub||c+ocs |cccntcs t+|s como
|||| c CC|| () \+|tc| ct +| () CC|| () |+ccoo ct +| () Co|ocmbc|g ct +| ()
::
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
5.1. Hidrlise de resduos lignocelulsicos
^s tccno|og|+s +|+ + obtcnio oc b|oct+no| com b+sc cm m+tc||+|s ||gnocc|u|os|cos cnvo|vcm +
||o|o||sc oos o||ss+c+||ocos o+ b|om+ss+ cm +uc+|cs |c|mcntcsc|vc|s c su+ ostc||o| |c|mcnt+-
io +|+ + |oouio oo b|oct+no| |+|+ cxccut+| css+ t+|c|+ + ||o|o||sc ut|||z+ tccno|og|+s com-
|cx+s c mu|t||+s|c+s com b+sc no uso oc |ot+s +c|o+s c;ou cnz|m+t|c+s +|+ + sc+|+io oos
+uc+|cs c |cmoio o+ ||gn|n+
|c |o|m+ gc|+| ooc-sc o|zc| uc mu|to ,+ |o| +|c+n+oo no ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ tccno|og|+ oc
||o|o||sc m+s +|no+ |cst+m |mo|t+ntcs ocs+os + sc|cm cn||cnt+oos +|+ + c|ct|v+ |m|cmcn-
t+io oc un|o+ocs comc|c|+|s c comct|t|v+s o| mc|o ocssc |occsso Como os |ccu|sos o|s-
on|vc|s sio ||m|t+oos c csscnc|+| +v+||+| u+|s sio os |tcns |c+|mcntc v|t+|s +|+ + conso||o+io
o+ tccno|og|+ |cssc scnt|oo nos u|t|mos +nos |o|+m ocscnvo|v|o+s ||n|+gcns oc m|c|o|g+n|s-
mos +o+t+oos +ss|m como |o|+m mooc|+o+s c ot|m|z+o+s +s ||nc|+|s oc|+ocs cnvo|v|o+s
no |occsso m+s b+s|c+mcntc +|no+ n+ csc+|+ |couz|o+ oc |c+to|cs cxc||mcnt+|s cm uc os
cont|o|cs oc tcmc|+tu|+ c +s cono|ocs oc +sscs|+ sio m+|s |+cc|s ^cs+| oc nio |+vc| con-
scnso sob|c u+| sc||+ + mc||o| oio tccno|og|c+ +|+ + |oouio oo b|oct+no| o| css+s |ot+s
|nov+oo|+s +o |coo| oo munoo os csu|s+oo|cs c|+m+m c|+ const|uio o+s ||mc||+s |+n-
t+s comc|c|+|s c|m|t|noo +ss|m uc sc,+m obt|oos os tio csc|+oos g+n|os c|o +|cno|z+oo
|yno e: a' () z+cc|| () c \ym+n () aaa |||| c CC|| ()]
5.2. Gaseicao para produo de combustveis e eletricidade
^ g+sc|c+io c um |occsso oc convc|sio tc|mou|m|c+ o+ b|om+ss+ |c+||z+oo + c|cv+o+s
tcmc|+tu|+s cm uc +s substnc|+s o|gn|c+s (so||o+s ou ||u|o+s) sio convc|t|o+s cm |o-
outos g+sosos ||nc|+|mcntc CO |
CO
c v+o| o+gu+ Obsc|v+-sc t+mbcm + |o|m+io oc

||o|oc+|bonctos |cvcs c out|os comostos vo|+tc|s c conocns+vc|s como |ooutos sccuno+||os
C|+bows|| () aaa |||| c CC|| ()] Os const|tu|ntcs |no|gn|cos o+ b|om+ss+ sio
ocsc+||cg+oos n+ |o|m+ oc c|nz+s O |occsso ooc sc| c|ctu+oo mco|+ntc + |c+io oo m+tc||+|
o|gn|co com o ox|gcn|o oo +| ou oo v+o| ou +|no+ com ox|gcn|o u|o oocnoo sc| ut|||z+-
oos |c+to|cs + |cssio +tmos|c||c+ ou |cssu||z+oos O +ucc|mcnto oo g+sc|c+oo| ooc sc|
|c|to oc m+nc||+ o||ct+ c|+ ox|o+io +|c|+| o+ b|om+ss+ ou |no||ct+ o| mc|o oc mcc+n|smos
oc t|oc+ oc c+|o| u+nto +o |o,cto oo |c+to| oocm sc| ut|||z+oos g+sc|c+oo|cs oc |c|to xo
u|o|z+oo ou +||+st+oo Como sc c|ccbc + g+sc|c+io +|cscnt+ |ot+s b+st+ntc o|vc|s|c+o+s
uc ocvcm sc| csco|||o+s cm |unio o+ b|om+ss+ + sc| |occss+o+ oo t|o oc |oouto busc+oo
c o+ csc+|+ o+ un|o+oc ^s |c+ocs uc oco||cm cm um g+sc|c+oo| sio b+st+ntc com|cx+s c
oc scu +ocu+oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto occnoc + cc|cnc|+ oo |occsso
::,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
^cs+| o+ |cv|+ cxc||cnc|+ com +|gum+s |+nt+s oc ocmonst|+io os cs|o|os oc csu|s+ c
ocscnvo|v|mcnto nio tcm s|oo const+ntcs +o |ongo oos +nos o| |sso sc csc|+ uc css+s tccno-
|og|+s vcn|+m + sc to|n+| oocs comc|c|+|mcntc m+ou|+s somcntc no mco|o ou |ongo |+zo
ou sc,+ cm m+|s oc ocz +nos |+s +|+ uc |sso vcn|+ + +contccc| +|no+ c ncccss+||o mu|to
cmcn|o no c+mo o+ csu|s+ c oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto +ss|m como + ocn|io c + |m|cmcn-
t+io oc o||t|c+s oc |omcnto +ocu+o+s
5.3. Uso de bioetanol como insumo petroqumico ou alcoolqumico
O b|oct+no| c um+ substnc|+ |omogcnc+ c |c+t|v+ uc ooc sc| ut|||z+o+ como |nsumo cm
o|vc|sos |occssos t|+o|c|on+|mcntc ct|ou|m|cos uc ncssc c+so ooc||+m sc| ocnom|n+oos
+|coo|u|m|cos |nt|c os ||nc|+|s |occssos ut|||z+oos n+ t|+ns|o|m+io oo b|oct+no| ocst+c+-
sc + |oouio oc ctcno como |csu|t+oo o+ ocs|o|+t+io oo b|oct+no| |ccu|so| oc um+ +m|+
g+m+ oc |ooutos oc scguno+ gc|+io como o o||ct||cno (||) o o|||o||cno (||) c o o||-
c|o|cto oc v|n||+ (|VC)
Cons|oc|+noo +cn+s + ocm+no+ muno|+| oc ct||cno cm oc m|||ocs oc tonc|+o+s
C|^| () aaa |||| c CC|| ()] c um+ cnct|+io oc oo b|oct+no| cm subst|-
tu|io + out|os |nsumos tcm-sc um |cuc||mcnto oc b|||ocs oc ||t|os o+ mcsm+ o|ocm oc
m+gn|tuoc uc + +tu+| |oouio b|+s||c||+ O |+to| occ|s|vo +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocssc mc|-
c+oo c o |co |c|+t|vo oo b|oct+no| ||cntc +os ocm+|s |nsumos
5.4. Produo de plsticos biodegradveis
||+st|cos b|oocg|+o+vc|s sio o||mc|os uc sob cono|ocs +|o||+o+s oo mc|o +mb|cntc oc-
g|+o+m-sc com|ct+mcntc c|+ +io m|c|ob|+n+ cm um cu|to cs+o oc tcmo |o c+so oos
b|o|+st|cos cx|stc + |mo|t+ntc v+nt+gcm oc sc|cm |oouz|oos oc |ontcs |cnov+vc|s
^tu+|mcntc ,+ sio con|cc|o+s t+nto +s cst|utu|+s u+nto +s |ot+s b|oss|ntct|c+s c +||c+ocs
oc mu|tos b|o|+st|cos m+s +|no+ cx|stcm |mo|t+ntcs ||m|t+ocs +|+ + |oouio cm |+|g+
csc+|+ io cxcm|os +s cono|ocs cscc|+|s oc c|csc|mcnto |cuc||o+s +|+ + s|ntcsc ocsscs
comostos + o|cu|o+oc oc s|ntct|z+-|os o| mc|o oc |ccu|so|cs oc b+|xo custo c os +|tos
custos o+ su+ |ccuc|+io |csmo com + ut|||z+io oc m|c|o|g+n|smos |ccomb|n+ntcs c++-
zcs oc |c|mcnt+| |ontcs oc c+|bono oc b+|xo custo (cx mc|+o s+c+|osc o|cos vcgct+|s c mc-
t+no) csscs |occssos +|no+ nio sio comct|t|vos com + |oouio convcnc|on+| oos |+st|cos
s|ntct|cos |ucngo e: a' () aaa |||| c CC|| ()] ^|cm o+s ucstocs cconom|c+s
+|no+ c |mo|t+ntc uc o b+|+no cnc|gct|co no c|c|o oc v|o+ ocsscs b|oo||mc|os sc,+ os|-
t|vo um+ vcz uc t+mbcm sio |ctcno|oos como subst|tutos oos m+tc||+|s ct|ou|m|cos
::o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|o|m+|mcntc os g+n|os oc cnc|g|+ sio cucnos ,+ uc o su||mcnto oc cnc|g|+ sc b+sc|+
cm gc|+| no uso oc combust|vc|s |ossc|s |cssc c+so m+|s um+ vcz os m+tc||+|s oc||v+oos o+
c+n+ |cv+m v+nt+gcm g|++s +o uso oo b+g+o
5.5. Biorrenaria: mltiplos produtos e uso integral da matria-prima
|m+ b|o||cn+||+ ooc sc| ocn|o+ como um com|cxo |ntcg|+oo c++z oc |oouz|| o||c-
|cntcs |ooutos (combust|vc|s u|m|cos c c|ct||c|o+oc) com b+sc cm o||c|cntcs b|om+ss+s
Ono|cy () aaa |||| c CC|| ()] num concc|to uc c|m|t|||+ o +|c+ncc oc m+|o-
|cs cc|cnc|+s t+nto oo onto oc v|st+ tc|moo|nm|co u+nto oo onto oc v|st+ cconom|co
c +mb|cnt+| |o,c + |oouio oc b|oct+no| o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+| ,+ ooc sc| cons|oc|+o+ um
cxcm|o oc b|o||cn+||+ com + |oouio comb|n+o+ oc +uc+| b|oct+no| c +|guns out|os
|ooutos u|m|cos +ss|m como otcnc|+ c c+|o| com b+sc n+ b|om+ss+ |cs|ou+| |+ccoo
(b) aaa |||| c CC|| ()]
O +tu+| ocs+o tccno|og|co c cons|oc|+| o uso oc tccno|og|+s csc|+o+s como m+ou|+s no
|utu|o com b+sc cm m+tc||+|s ||gnocc|u|os|cos c n+s |noust||+s oc b+sc o|cst+| o| cxcm|o
|ss+ +g|o|noust||+ +|cscnt+ c|scct|v+s oc c|csc|mcnto s|m||+|cs s o+ +g|o|noust||+ c+n+-
v|c||+ c cc|t+mcntc sc|io oss|vc|s s|nc|g|+s |ntc|css+ntcs cnt|c +mb+s no ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc
tccno|og|+s c oc mc|c+oos
|+|+ n+||z+| sio ||st+oos cxcm|os nio cx+ust|vos oc +|c+s |c|cv+ntcs oc || +o |ongo o+ c+-
oc|+ |oout|v+ o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+| oo |occss+mcnto c oo uso oo ct+no| cxt|+|o+s oc CC||
() ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccn|c+s +|+ m+c+mcnto oc so|os +g||co|+s ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc
novos s|stcm+s oc |+nt|o c m+nc,o oo c+n+v|+| mc||o|+mcnto gcnct|co oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| +) +
+|t|| oc tccn|c+s convcnc|on+|s c;ou oc cngcn|+||+ gcnct|c+ b) |couio oo tcmo oc obtcnio
oc nov+s v+||co+ocs c) v+||co+ocs m+|s |cs|stcntcs + |+g+s c + scc+s o) cn|ouc n+ m+x|m|z+-
io o+ |oouio oc cnc|g|+ (c+n+-oc-cnc|g|+) c) +|+ o cu|t|vo cm |cg|ocs b|+s||c||+s nio t|+o|-
c|on+|s cm c+n+ (+|c+s sc|cc|on+o+s no |o,cto) como +|c+s oc cc||+oo (| | CO |^ O
|^ ||) ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccn|c+s +|+ m+nc,o oc |+g+s c ncm+to|ocs csu|s+ no con-
t|o|c b|o|og|co oc |+g+s csu|s+ sob|c + |ot+io oc cu|tu|+s c scus |m+ctos t+nto oo onto
oc v|st+ +mb|cnt+| como o+ |c|t|||o+oc oo so|o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc novos s|stcm+s oc co||c|t+
c|u+ (scm uc|m+|) c +scctos +g|onom|cos o+ +||+ oc|x+o+ no c+mo |ccuc|+io o+ +-
||+ o||g|n+o+ o+ co||c|t+ oc c+n+ c|u+ (scm uc|m+|) tccno|og|+s oc |ccuc|+io c t|+nso|-
tc |occss+mcnto o+ c+n+-oc-cnc|g|+ ocnt|o o+ |oso+ uc t+nto os +uc+|cs como +s b|+s
sc|io ut|||z+oos +|+ + |oouio oc +|coo| c c|ct||c|o+oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto gcnct|co oc cc+s c
|cvcou|+s com m+|o| ooc| oc convc|sio c to|c|nc|+ +|coo||c+ tc|mo-to|c|nc|+ |cs|stcnc|+ +
ocu|+io |couio o+ tcmc|+tu|+ oc |c|mcnt+io ou ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc ou|+io |c|mcn-
::)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
t+t|v+ |couio oo consumo oo +c|oo su||u||co cm cu|to c mco|o |+zos c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc
+|tc|n+t|v+s |couio o+ |oouio oc v|n|++ bcm como |ot+s +|+ o scu t|+t+mcnto |couio
oo consumo oc v+o| n+ |oouio oc +|coo| subst|tu|io oc |nsumos u|m|cos oc||v+oos oo
ct|o|co o| oc||v+oos o+ c+n+ (|cnov+vc|s) +m||+io o+ |oouio oc b|oc|ct||c|o+oc com m+-
x|mo +|ovc|t+mcnto cnc|gct|co o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+| o| mc|o oc b+g+o +||+ ont+s |o||+s
co|ooutos c v|n|++ |oouio oc b|og+s + +|t|| o+ v|n|++ |ntcg|+io oo cxccocntc oc b|o-
c|ct||c|o+oc |oouz|o+ c|+s us|n+s com o s|stcm+ ||o|oc|ct||co oc otcnc|+ cx|stcntc no +|s
ot|m|z+io cnc|gct|c+ o+s us|n+s c ocst||+||+s ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc c+|oc||+s uc oss+m oc-
|+| com +|t+ tcmc|+tu|+ us+noo +||+ como combust|vc| |nst+|+io oc s|stcm+s cc|cntcs oc
c+t+io |cmoio c v+|o||z+io oc substnc|+s uc oss+m o|u|| o +| c o +mb|cntc t+|s como
m+tc||+| +|t|cu|+oo |Ox Ox CO ctc ot|m|z+io oo uso o+ +gu+ n+s us|n+s c ocst||+||+s cs-
u|s+ sob|c |ot+io oc cu|tu|+ ot|m|z+io no uso oc |c|t|||z+ntcs +|+ |otcio t+nto oo so|o
u+nto oos +u||c|os subtc||ncos |ntcns|c+io o+ |otcio c |ccuc|+io +mb|cnt+| +u||c-
|os v+|zc+s m+t+s c|||+|cs |co|cst+mcnto com csscnc|+s n+t|v+s co||coo|cs oc b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
ctc ot|m|z+io oo uso oo +|coo| combust|vc| +c||c|o+mcnto o+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s oo +|coo|
como combust|vc| uso oc +|coo| cm cc|u|+s + combust|vc| (|c|o|m+oo|cs)
6. Sensoriamento remoto e medidas de campo
O s|stcm+ b|+s||c||o oc mon|to|+mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ c um oos m+|s +v+n+oos oo munoo com
|ccon|cc|mcnto o+ |cv|st+ :.eo.e
,
cgunoo + |csc|t+o+ |cv|st+ +tu+|mcntc o s|stcm+ oc mo-
n|to|+mcnto oo ||+s|| c mooc|o +|+ o munoo c o |ctc|
s
c o+oo como um cxcm|o +|+ ou-
t|os +|scs |c +co|oo com o |||cto| oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+s |s+c|+|s (||||) os bons
|csu|t+oos |ccon|cc|oos c|+ :.eo.e so |o|+m oss|vc|s g|++s + um+ comb|n+io oc csu|s+
tccno|og|+ c++c|o+oc oc |oouio c o||t|c+ oc o|vu|g+io oc o+oos ^cs+| oc tooo o +tu+|
+v+no tccno|og|co c c|cnt||co +|c+n+oo c|o ||+s|| uc o co|oc+ cnt|c os ||oc|cs n+ +|c+ +s |n-
cc|tcz+s +ssoc|+o+s +o mon|to|+mcnto oo ocsm+t+mcnto c|m+ncccm subst+nc|+|s ^ |+cun+
cnt|c o+oos oc scnso||+mcnto |cmoto c mco|o+s oc c+mo cm |c|+io +o mont+ntc oc tc||+
ocsm+t+o+ v+||+ oc +
^|no+ cons|oc|+noo o c|cv+oo +v+no tccno|og|co |c|c||oo +c|m+ c|m+nccc + |ncc|tcz+ sc +
^m+zon|+ sc||+ |ontc ou sum|oou|o oc c+|bono Como +|no+ nio sio con|cc|oos |cn+mcntc
os mcc+n|smos uc ooc||+m sc| |csons+vc|s c|o |unc|on+mcnto o+ o|cst+ como um su-
|tt;;www|ncb|;not|c|+s;not|c|+|Coo_|ot|c|+=
s |stcm+ oc octccio oc ocsm+t+mcnto cm tcmo |c+|
::s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
m|oou|o oc mooo + comcns+| +s cm|ssocs ocv|oo s +|tc|+ocs oos usos o+ tc||+ +|no+ |+
|ncc|tcz+ +|+ sc conc|u|| oc|n|t|v+mcntc sob|c o b+|+no oc c+|bono |ob|c c |ob|c ()]
^ ncccss|o+oc oc csu|s+s oc c+mo +|+ um mc||o| cntcno|mcnto oo b+|+no oc c+|bono
cm o|cst+s +||+o+s +o s|stcm+ oc mon|to|+mcnto o| scnso||+mcnto |cmoto |cmctc + um+ cx|-
tos+ cxc||cnc|+ b|+s||c||+ |n|c|+o+ n+ occ+o+ oc t|+t+-sc oo |o,cto |+o+m||+s||
Com o |ntu|to oc sc con|ccc| ||nc|+|mcntc + c+|tog|++ gco|og|+ vcgct+io c n+tu|cz+ oos
so|os o+ ^m+zon|+ c |o|ocstc b|+s||c||os |o| c||+o+ cm outub|o oc + com|ssio oo ||o,cto
|+o+m-|+o+| n+ ^m+zon|+ |m ,un|o oc |o|+m |n|c|+oos os voos +|+ |m+gc+mcnto
|cv|oo +os |csu|t+oos +|c+n+oos o ||o,cto |+o+m |o| ob,cto oc ou+s +m||+ocs |c+||z+o+s nos
+nos oc c +s u+|s cob|||+m too+ + |cg|io +m+zon|c+ c + m+|o| +|tc oo no|ocstc b|+-
s||c||o |m ,u||o oc + |csons+b|||o+oc c|o m+c+mcnto |ntcg|+oo oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s oo
tc|||to||o n+c|on+| +ssou + sc| oo ||o,cto |+o+m||+s|| uc cx+no|u o |cv+nt+mcnto oc |+o+|
+|+ o |cst+ntc oo tc|||to||o n+c|on+| Os |o,ctos |+o+m c |+o+m||+s|| const|tu||+m-sc nos m+|o-
|cs |cv+nt+mcntos comc|c|+|s cm n|vc| oc +c|on+vc +tc +uc|c momcnto |c+||z+oos no munoo ^
coc+ oc su+ cxccuio o |m+gc+mcnto o| |+o+| oc v|s+o+ |+tc|+| (|^|) most|ou-sc oc g|+noc
ut|||o+oc ||nc|+|mcntc +|+ o |ccon|cc|mcnto o+ |cg|io ^m+zon|c+ |cnt|c +s ||nc|+|s v+nt+-
gcns uc |cv+|+m su+ ut|||z+io ooc-sc c|t+| o |cg|st|o o+s |c|ocs n+tu|+|s cm |m+gcns |n|ntc|-
|ut+s c |omogcnc+s cm tcmo |c|+t|v+mcntc cu|to c b+|xos custos (O|z^ )
|o uc sc |c|c|c ^m+zon|+ |cg+||ouvc o |cv+nt+mcntos oc c+mo cm too+s +s cst|+o+s c
||o n+vcg+vc|s o+ |cg|io |o|+m g+st+s m+|s oc |o|+s oc voo oc +v|ocs c |c||cotc|os |o-
|+m ub||c+oos c+|t+s |+n|mct||c+s c m++s tcm+t|cos (gco|og|+ so|os |c|cvo vcgct+io
+t|oio +g||co|+ uso o+ tc||+) c |cscct|vos |c|+to||os |o|+m +bc|t+s c v|s|t+o+s c|+|c||+s
n+ sc|v+ |o|+m v|s|t+o+s c|+|c||+s n+tu|+|s tccn|cos t|+b+||+|+m no |o,cto (+g|onomos
b|o|ogos c||m+to|ogos c+|tog|+|os cngcn|c||os o|cst+|s gco|ogos gcog|+|os ctc) Os custos
|o|+m o+ o|ocm oc | no tot+| oo |o,cto c oc | ;|m
+|+ o m+c+mcnto
o+ ^m+zon|+ |cg+| (O|z^ )
Os |cg|st|os obt|oos c|os |o,ctos |+o+m c |+o+m||+s|| |o|+m o|g+n|z+oos c o|son|b|||z+oos
cm mos+|cos oc |+o+| n+ csc+|+ com um g|+u c mc|o oc |+oo n+ o||cio |cstc-
-ocstc c um g|+u n+ o||cio no|tc-su| Os mos+|cos o|son|vc|s cm +c| comum c |otog|+co
cob|cm tooo o tc|||to||o n+c|on+| c cncont|+m-sc o|g+n|z+oos con|o|mc o |++ |no|cc oc |c-
|c|cnc|+ (|||) oo |nst|tuto ||+s||c||o oc Ccog|+|+ c |st+t|st|c+ (||C|) |m |o| |n|c|+oo um
|o,cto com o ob,ct|vo oc |csc|v+io oos o|+||mcs c ncg+t|vos |^| o| mc|o oo scu |nvcn-
t+||o o|g+n|z+io o|g|t+||z+io co|io c o|sscm|n+io (|CO|^| e: a' )
::,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
O |o,cto |+o+m ooc sc| cons|oc|+oo o u|t|mo g|+noc cs|o|o oc c+|tog|++ o+ ^m+zon|+ c
os o+oos obt|oos |c|cscnt+m +|no+ + mc||o| |ontc (cm mu|tos c+sos + un|c+) oc |n|o|m+ocs
sob|c +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s gcog|+c+s o+ ^m+zon|+ |nc|u|noo m++s oc gco|og|+ gcomo||o|og|+
cobc|tu|+ vcgct+| c coo|og|+ (O|z^ )
|m |o| |+n+oo o |o,cto C+|tog|+|+ o+ ^m+zon|+ coo|ocn+oo c|o Ccnt|o Ccsto| c
Oc|+c|on+| oo |stcm+ oc ||otcio o+ ^m+zon|+ (Ccns|+m) |co|s oc |ongo tcmo csc|+
oc +tu+||z+ocs o |o,cto v+| co|||g|| nio +cn+s v+z|os c+|tog|+cos m+s o+|+ suo|tc + |o-
,ctos oc |n||+cst|utu|+ + sc|cm |m|+nt+oos n+ |cg|io gc|+io oc |n|o|m+ocs cst|+tcg|c+s +|+
mon|to|+mcnto |cg|on+| oc oc|cs+ n+c|on+| gco|og|c+s n+ut|c+s c out|os t|os oc |cv+nt+mcn-
to Com ou|+io oc c|nco +nos sc|+ conc|u|oo cm c o v+|o| tot+| oos |nvcst|mcntos c oc
| m|||ocs (C||||^| ) cgunoo o gcnc|+| oc b||g+o+ |co|o |on+|t V|c||+ o||cto| oo
sc|v|o gcog|+co oo cxc|c|to +|cm oc |o|nccc| um+ v|sio mu|to m+|s |cc|s+ o+ toog|++ o
t|+b+||o c|m|t||+ m+c+| o||c|cntcs comos|ocs vcgct+|s c c+|cu|+| + u+nt|o+oc oc b|om+ss+
m+tc||+ vcgct+|-|cscntc cm c+o+ |cg|io |sso g|++s +o uso s|mu|tnco oc ou+s ||cucnc|+s oc
|+o+| um+ uc c|cg+ +tc + co+ o+s +|vo|cs (b+no+ X) c out|+ uc c|cg+ +tc o so|o (b+no+ |)
|c|+ o||c|cn+ cnt|c +s ou+s ooc-sc c+|cu|+| u+nto oc b|om+ss+ cx|stc cm um+ octc|m|n+o+
+|c+ (O |^|O || Ô |^||O )
Out|+ |n|c|+t|v+ |c+||z+o+ com cx|to o|cm cm n|vc| |cg|on+| |o| o |nvcnt+||o ||o|cst+| oo |st+oo
oc ||n+s Cc|+|s (|tt;;|nvcnt+||oo|cst+|mc|o+mb|cntcmggovb|) O |nvcnt+||o c um+ +io
oo govc|no m|nc||o o| mc|o o+ cc|ct+||+ oc |st+oo oc |c|o ^mb|cntc c |cscnvo|v|mcnto
ustcnt+vc| (cm+o) c oo |nst|tuto |st+ou+| oc ||o|cst+s (|||) |stc sc comoc b+s|c+mcntc oc
ou+s vc|tcntcs scnoo + ||mc||+ o m+c+mcnto c mon|to|+mcnto c||oo|co o+ cobc|tu|+ o-
|cst+| n+tu|+| c o+s o|cst+s |oout|v+s oo tc|||to||o m|nc||o c + scguno+ o |nvcnt+||o o|cst+|
|o||+mcntc o|to uc gc|ou um+ sc||c oc |n|o|m+ocs sob|c +s o|cst+s |+nt+o+s oc cscc|cs
oo gcnc|o |a.a',:as c u+||o+oc oos |cm+ncsccntcs o|cst+|s n+tu|+|s |nc|us|vc |c|+c|on+o+s
octc|m|n+io oo cstouc oc c+|bono c +o +com+n|+mcnto cont|nuo oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto
o+s o|cst+s ooo cssc cs|o|o oco||cu o| mc|o oc mco|ocs cm +|cc|+s c|m+ncntcs cst+-
bc|cc|o+s n+s tos|onom|+s o|cst+|s |cscntcs no cst+oo oc ||n+s Cc|+|s |t|||z+noo o +o|o
o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oc |+v|+s (|||+) o cs|o|o |n|c|+| contou com cu|cs oc c+mo
uc |c+||z+|+m mco|ocs cm +|cc|+s c|m+ncntcs +o |coo| oo cst+oo |ntcg|+o+s s tccno|o-
g|+s mooc|n+s oc scnso||+mcnto |cmoto |st|m+-sc um custo oc cc|c+ oc ouco m+|s oc |
m|||ocs +|+ os ||mc||os +nos oo |o,cto uc |csu|t+|+m cm +m|+ b+sc oc o+oos |n|c|+|s c
||sto||cos uc cstio o|son|vc|s +|+ consu|t+ oct+||+o+ c g|+tu|t+ n+ |coc |uno|+| oc Comu-
t+oo|cs (|ntc|nct) | oss|vc| |nc|us|vc consu|t+| + cobc|tu|+ o|cst+| oc c+o+ mun|c||o m|nc||o
contcnoo com+|+ocs cnt|c c
:,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
cnoo cm v|st+ +s cxc||cnc|+s ocsc||t+s +c|m+ c o cs|o|o oo govc|no cm |ctom+| + c+|tog|++
o+ ^m+zon|+ bcm como +s |ncc|tcz+s |c|+c|on+o+s +o b+|+no oc c+|bono n+ |cg|io sugc|cm-
sc os scgu|ntcs ontos +|+ ocb+tc
Cons|oc|+io sob|c + oss|b|||o+oc oc |ctom+o+ oc +nt|gos ontos oo |o,cto |+o+m
com o ob,ct|vo oc +ux|||+| +s csu|s+s sob|c + o|nm|c+ o+ o|cst+ cm |c|+io +o b+|+n-
o oc c+|bono
|ctom+o+ oos cs|o|os c+|tog|+cos oo |stcm+ oc ||otcio o+ ^m+zon|+ (|+m) +|+
cst+bc|ccc| um+ |og|st|c+ oc cu|c +o sc cons|oc|+| + |oost+ +c|m+ como c|t|ncntc
||nc|+|mcntc no uc sc |c|c|c cxccuio oos t|+b+||os oc c+mo c com|cmcnt+io
o+ ut|||z+io oc tccno|og|+s +v+n+o+s oc |nvcnt+||o o|cst+| t+|s como o uso oc |+sc|
|+o+|cs c |m+gcns oc s+tc||tcs
|cv+nt+mcnto c +v+||+io oos custos +ssoc|+oos |oost+
:,+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
Referncias
^|||^|| |C oc ^ csu|s+ n+ ustcnt+io oo cto| uc|ocnc|gct|co |n O|n|ocs (uc|ocnc|gct|-
co c+n+ +uc+| ct+no| b|o|c|ct||c|o+oc) ||bc||io ||cto | Out-|cz
|||| c CC|| ||oct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| cnc|g|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| ||o oc |+nc||o
||||
||^|| ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c |nc|g|+ (|||) |+|+no |nc|gct|co |+c|on+| - (^no |+sc ) ||+-
s|||+
CC|| ||oct+no| combust|vc| um+ oo|tun|o+oc +|+ o ||+s|| ||+s|||+
C|^| - C||||C^| |^||| ÔC|^|| ||C |e:c.neo.a' aeoaoa c.:n :a.s e.coco.
c.:n C|cm|c+| |+||ct ^ssoc|+tco |nc aaa |||| c CC|| ||oct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+|
cnc|g|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|. ||o oc |+nc||o ||||
|CO|^| || O||V|||^ ^ | || |||^ | ||^|O | | |O |||||||^ ^ ^ |c|occss+mcn-
to o|g|t+| o+s |m+gcns |^| gc|+o+s c|os |o,ctos |^|^| c |^|^|||^|| - |o,cto |^|^|-
-| ^n+|s X|| |mos|o ||+s||c||o oc cnso||+mcnto |cmoto Co|n|+ ||+s|| - +b||| ||||
-
||||| | | |^||C||OV|C | ^|||| | CO|||| |O||O | || |^ C|||^| |-C| |O||-
C^|| | ||^|C | |^||||^ | |^ |OV||| ^ |^|| ^ |^|^ | ||^|| | ||C|||
|O| | V^| V||||| | \^|||| |ssaes e'a:ea :c o:a:co o :ne 'co :eo .co:e\: |o
C'oa:e Cnaoe .oo, /:a:co Cco:oa:co c/ wco Gca ||| :c :ne |ca:n ^ssessoeo: |ec:
c/ :ne |o:ec.eooeo:a' |aoe' co C'oa:e Cnaoe | |ctz O| |+v|oson || |osc| | |+vc |^
|cyc| (cos)] C+mb||ogc |n|vc|s|ty ||css C+mb||ogc |n|tco ||ngoom +no |cw o|| | |^
CO|||||||C | CO|||O C|^||^|^| | 'e sas:aoao':, c/ e:naoc' caa.:co /co saa

.aoe |nc|gy |o||cy () - wwwc|scv|c|com;|oc+tc;cno|
C|^|O\|| | 8coass :eoc.neo.a' .co.esco O8| ec:s \+s||ngton Occ o| ||om+ss ||og|+m
aaa |||| c CC|| ||oct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| cnc|g|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcn-
t+vc| ||o oc |+nc||o ||||
|^||A | | ||||^ | ^|||^ C ^|||| | ||^|| | |||O|| C CO||||| ^ C||||||
| |^ ||O|C ^ |^||^||^ | |C|^||^|| | ||||||^ |C|^|^ ^ V|||^-
V|C||C|O | zO| |aoo ssaes |o C'oa:e Cnaoe .oo, /:a:co Cco:oa:co c/
wco Gca ||| :c :ne |ca:n ^ssessoeo: |ec: c/ :ne |o:ec.eooeo:a' |aoe' co C'oa:e
Cnaoe | |ctz O | |+v|oson | | |osc| | |+vc | ^ |cyc| (cos)] C+mb||ogc |n|vc|s|ty
||css C+mb||ogc |n|tco ||ngoom +no |cw o|| | |^
:,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
||CC ||CC :e.a' |ec: co Caoco |c\ae Ca:ae aoa ::cae |eaea o, wco Gca ||| c/
:ne |o:ec.eooeo:a' |aoe' co C'oa:e Cnaoe |ctz | O |+v|oson | C oc Con|nc| | |oos
+no | ^ |cyc| (cos)] C+mb||ogc |n|vc|s|ty ||css C+mb||ogc |n|tco ||ngoom +no |cw o||
| |^
||CC :aooa, /c |c'.,oaes |o C'oa:e Cnaoe .oo, /:a:co Cco:oa:co c/ wco
Gca ||| :c :ne |ca:n ^ssessoeo: |ec: c/ :ne |o:ec.eooeo:a' |aoe' co C'oa:e Cnaoe |
|ctz O| |+v|oson || |osc| | |+vc |^ |cyc| (cos)] C+mb||ogc |n|vc|s|ty ||css C+mb||ogc
|n|tco ||ngoom +no |cw o|| | |^
||||CO | | e: a' 8c'as:.s /co o.ccaosos Caeo: Ooco o /.coc'c, v aaa
|||| c CC|| ||oct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| cnc|g|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| ||o oc
|+nc||o ||||
||| | | cocc.s ocoass eoees ^|cscnt+oo no XXV|| ymos|um on ||otcc|no|ogy |o| |u-
c|s +no C|cm|c+|s' Co|ocn Co|o|+oo aaa |||| c CC|| ||oct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+|
cnc|g|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|. ||o oc |+nc||o ||||
|^C||O | C 8coass as a sca.e c/ eoe, |e'a:cc eaaac aa c |o:e^.aaeo, Ccao.' ::aa, co
aos:cos :c :as:aoao'e |oe, :,s:eos sct aaa |||| c CC|| ||oct+no| oc c+n+-oc-
-+uc+| cnc|g|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| ||o oc |+nc||o ||||
|^C||O | C |^||^ | | ^ ||V^ | | ^ | Geeo ncase ases eosscos o :ne caa.:co aoa ase
c/ e:naoc' /co saa.aoe o 8a' 'e .oo,/.oo. a.eaes aoa a ea.:co /c .o.o ||om+ss +no
||ocnc|gy () oo|;,b|omb|oc
|||^ C||^| - ||| ; |||^ |nvcnt+||o ||o|cst+| oc ||n+s Cc|+|s ||son|vc| cm |tt;;|nvcnt+||o|o|cs-
t+|mc|o+mb|cntcmggovb| ^ccsso cm oc +b||| oc
|O||| C ^ c |O||| ^ | O b+|+no oc c+|bono o+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ |||O ^V^|^|O
()
O |^|O || Ô |^||O ||os c subso|o t+mbcm sc|io m+c+oos |czcmb|o oc ||son|vc| cm
|tt;;wwws|+mgovb|;contcnt;v|cw;;; ^ccsso cm +b||| oc
O|||| C c +t| to b|o|c|nc||cs' C|cm|c+| |ng|ncc||ng v () +uo |||| c CC|| ||oc-
t+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| cnc|g|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|. ||o oc |+nc||o ||||
O|z^ | ||o,cto |+o+m - |+o+m||+s|| ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www|con+msouz+com
b|;VOC|^|||z^\cb;|o,|+o+m|tm ^ccsso cm +b||| oc
O|z^ | ||o,cto |v+m ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www|con+msouz+comb|;VOC|^|||z^\cb;|o,-
s|v+m|tm ^ccsso cm +b||| oc
\^||| ^ |O|z^| | |||O||^| O C^|C|^ | |^ ||V^ C ||^C||| | |C|||| ^ ^
:as:aoao':, ôa',ss c/ :ne 8a'ao |:naoc' |||C^|| C+m|n+s
:,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
\|^| C | |aoaocc co oce:naoc' caa.:co aoa a:'a:co ^||co |nc|gy cc|no|ogy c||cs
\+s||ngton +y|o| ||+nc|s aaa |||| c CC|| ||oct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| cnc|g|+
+|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|. ||o oc |+nc||o ||||
z^CC|| C 'e s:a:e c/ :ne a: aoa /a:ae :eoas c/ 'oc.e''a'cse ocoass .co.esco :c e:naoc' ^|c-
scnt+oo n+ |n|c+m C+m|n+s |cv aaa |||| c CC|| ||oct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| cnc|-
g|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc' ||o oc |+nc||o ||||
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
Relatrio do seminrio preparatrio Mudanas
climticas
Luiz Pinguelli Rosa
1. A urgncia das medidas de mitigao e adaptao

|cs c+|+ctc||st|c+s |+zcm uc + cucn+ +|tc|+io n+ conccnt|+io +tmos|c||c+ oos g+scs oo
c|c|to cstu|+ tcn|+ |m+ctos otcnc|+|mcntc mu|to g|+nocs no c||m+ tc||cst|c scgunoo o ||-
mc||o cxos|to| C+||os |ob|c oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+s |s+c|+|s (||||)
O |ongo tcmo ncccss+||o +|+ o occ|csc|mcnto |og|css|vo oc um+ o+o+ u+nt|o+oc +c|cs-
ccnt+o+ oc +|guns ocsscs g+scs n+ +tmos|c|+ como c o c+so oo o|ox|oo oc c+|bono (CO
.
)
O |ongo tcmo uc o occ+no |cv+ +|+ +t|ng|| o cu|||b||o u+noo sc |oouz um +umcn-
to o+ tcmc|+tu|+ g|ob+|
^ |nc|c|+ |nst|tuc|on+| cm n|vc| muno|+| +|+ +oot+| mco|o+s cc+zcs +|+ contc| o +u-
mcnto o+s cm|ssocs ocsscs g+scs o| +t|v|o+ocs |um+n+s
|m .oo; css+s cm|ssocs |o|+m |+/ m+|o|cs uc cm +,,o Os scus c|c|tos +t|ngcm um onto t+|
uc sc to|n+m |||cvc|s|vc|s |c|cscnt+noo um+ ocg|+o+io oo c+|t+| n+tu|+| oo |+nct+ |m+
|no|c+io cm|||c+mcntc vc||c+vc| c + scns|vc| |couio oo gc|o no |o|o |o|tc no vc|io bcm
como o oc||ct|mcnto oc +|tcs |mo|t+ntcs o+s gc|c||+s c|m+ncntcs Out|o onto c + +c|o|-
c+io c|csccntc o+s +gu+s oos occ+nos c |ouvc| v+||+io oo || o+ +gu+ +b+|xo oc um v+|o|
c||t|co (+|ox|m+o+mcntc ;s) +|tc subst+nc|+| o+ v|o+ no m+| ooc|+ ocs++|ccc|
+ |||cto| oo |nst|tuto ^|bc|to |u|z Co|mb|+ oc |os-g|+ou+io c |csu|s+ oc |ngcn|+||+ (CO|||;||||)
|u|z ||nguc||| |os+
:,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc mooc|os c||m+t|cos c o novo suc|comut+oo| cm |m|+nt+io no ||||
sio |mo|t+ntcs cnt|ct+nto o numc|o oc cscc|+||st+s cm mooc|+gcm c |nsuc|cntc |+ +cn+s
cscc|+||st+s cm tooo o ||+s|| cnu+nto cssc numc|o ocv|+ sc| c|o mcnos scgunoo |ob|c
Os ccn+||os cons|oc|+oos c|o ||CC no scu u|t|mo |c|+to||o (.oo;) |cvccm um +umcnto o+
tcmc|+tu|+ g|ob+| cnt|c c g|+us Cc|s|us +tc o |m ocstc sccu|o O ||+s|| c +|t|cu|+|mcntc
vu|nc|+vc| |+ m+|o| vu|nc|+b|||o+oc no cm|+||oo oo |o|ocstc ocv|oo +||o|z+io otcnc|+|
bcm como n+s c|||c||+s o+s g|+nocs c|o+ocs com |ntcns|c+io o+s g|+nocs c|uv+s Out|o |o-
b|cm+ ooc +ov|| oo +g|+v+mcnto oc cnocm|+s
||n+||z+noo |ob|c m+n||cst+ ot|m|smo u+nto +o ||+s|| ooc| sc to|n+| ||oc| muno|+| cm oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto ||mo com + |couio oo ocsm+t+mcnto c + |oouio oc b|ocombust|vc|s |m-
|cmcnt+noo +o mcsmo tcmo um t|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto b+sc oc |noust||+s m+|s |cvcs
2. Confronto entre mudana climtica e variabilidade
climtica
O con||onto cnt|c + v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ c +s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s |o| o tcm+ ccnt|+| o+ sc-
guno+ cxos|io o| ^||cc C||mm o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo |+|+n+ c+bcnoo ocst+c+| n+ su+
+|cscnt+io
^ ncccss|o+oc oc +umcnt+| + con+b|||o+oc o+s |cv|socs c||m+t|c+s
^ |mo|tnc|+ o+ mctco|o|og|+
|o ||+s|| +s v+||+ocs c||m+t|c+s sio ouco con|cc|o+s
io ncccss+||+s mooc|+gcns +|+ s|mu|+| o c||m+ |cscntc com su+ v+||+b|||o+oc (como +s
ocv|o+s +os |cnomcnos oo t|o || ||o) +|+ sc |+zc| mooc|os con+vc|s oc muo+n+s
c||m+t|c+s no |ongo |+zo
Os cocc|cntcs oc co||c|+io cnt|c obsc|v+ocs c |csu|t+oos oc mooc|os cm uso con|o|mc
|o| most|+oo n+ +|cscnt+io o+ |o|csso|+ C||mm sio mu|to |u|ns cm +|guns c+sos cv|ocn-
c|+noo +|t|cu|+|mcntc + |nsuc|cnc|+ ocsscs mooc|os +|+ |c|oouz|| + v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+-
t|c+ |ntc|occ+o+|
Out|+s |+zocs +|+ cstuoos oc v+||+b|||o+oc uc cx|st||+ suc|ost+ muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ |ntc|+-
g|noo um+ com + out|+ sio su+ |mo|tnc|+ +|+ gc|cnc|+mcnto oc |ccu|sos ||o||cos gc|+io
||o|c|ct||c+ |+nc,+mcnto +g||co|+ c ocs+st|cs n+tu|+|s
|c|+to||o oo scm|n+||o |c+|+to||o |uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
:,)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
| |cc|so sc+|+| + v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ n+tu|+| o+ muo+n+ c||m+t|c+ oc o||gcm cm +|tc
+nt|oogcn|c+ |cv|oo +os c|c|tos oo || ||o c o+ |+ ||+ + v+||+io o+s c|uv+s oc um +no
+|+ out|o ooc sc| oc c|nco vczcs to|n+noo o|||c|| + octccio oo s|n+| c||m+t|co +nt|oogcn|co
3. Validao de modelos climticos e necessidade de
informaes observacionais
|+ tc|cc||+ c u|t|m+ +|cscnt+io oc ^nton|o |+nz| oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+s o+
^m+zon|+ (|||^) ocst+c+|+m-sc os ontos
|ntc|+io b|os|c|+-+tmos|c|+
V+||o+io oc mooc|os c||m+t|cos
|cccss|o+oc oc |n|o|m+ocs obsc|v+c|on+|s
|ontos cscc|cos +ss|n+|+oos + scgu||
|o|+m s|ntct|c+mcntc |csum|o+s +s cm|ssocs +nt|oogcn|c+s muno|+|s o| +no cm g|g+tonc|+s
oc c+|bono (CtC) cu|v+|cntcs CtC ocv|oo +os combust|vc|s |ossc|s c CtC oc muo+n+s
oo uso o+ tc||+ |nc|u|noo o ocsm+t+mcnto uc c + m+|o| cont||bu|io b|+s||c||+ +o +ucc|mcn-
to g|ob+| |o| out|o |+oo o scucst|o +nu+| c oc CtC c|os cont|ncntcs c CtC c|os occ+-
nos c|m+ncccnoo n+ +tmos|c|+ cc|c+ oc |+ CtC c cont||bu|noo +|+ o c|c|to cstu|+
Com o +umcnto o+ conccnt|+io oc CO
.
n+ +tmos|c|+ |+ c|csc|mcnto o+ vcgct+io |o| mos-
t|+oo uc o scucst|o ooc sc| +cc|c|+oo o| muo+n+s n+ +g||cu|tu|+ c n+ ccu+||+ c|+ |+n-
t+io oc o|cst+s c c|+ consc|v+io oc ccoss|stcm+s |nc|u|noo + |couio oo ocsm+t+mcnto
|o| |ccomcno+o+ + ncccss|o+oc oc |nvcnt+||o oo cstouc oc c+|bono oos ccoss|stcm+s |nc|u|n-
oo +s o|cst+s + c+o+ c|nco +nos
|m |csu|t+oo |mo|t+ntc + sc| +ss|n+|+oo c uc scgunoo o ||og|+m+ oc C|+noc |sc+|+ ||os|c-
|+-^tmos|c|+ n+ ^m+zon|+ (||og|+m+ ||^) o cstouc oc c+|bono n+ vcgct+io o+ +|c+ +n-
-+m+zon|c+ uc |nc|u| o ||+s|| c out|os +|scs o+ |+c|+ ^m+zon|c+ c oc b|||ocs oc tonc|+o+s
|+vcnoo no so|o +|ox|m+o+mcntc |gu+| m+ss+ cstoc+o+ tot+||z+noo cc|c+ oc b|||ocs oc
tonc|+o+s O cstouc tot+| c|csccu cnt|c c m|||ocs oc tonc|+o+s oc c+|bono n+s |o|cs-
t+s uc |o|+m |csc|v+o+s oo ocsm+t+mcnto ncst+ +|c+ o uc c o+ o|ocm oc m+gn|tuoc o+
cm|ssio oc c+|bono +|+ + +tmos|c|+ c|o ocsm+t+mcnto
|u|z ||nguc||| |os+
:,s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|o| const+t+oo uc nio |+ conco|onc|+ cnt|c o||c|cntcs mooc|os sob|c + muo+n+ o+s c|uv+s
no +|s |nu+nto o mooc|o oo |+o|cy Ccntc| |cvc |couio o+s c|uv+s n+ ^m+zon|+ out|os
mooc|os (no|tc +mc||c+no c ||+nccs) |cvccm +umcnto o+s c|uv+s
^s csu|s+s |utu|+s scgunoo |+nz| ocvcm cn|oc+| + v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ sc+|+noo c|c|tos
o+ v+||+b|||o+oc n+tu|+| o+uc|cs o+s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s oc o||gcm +nt|oogcn|c+ nos cvcntos
cxt|cmos + ocno|oc|ono|og|+ uc c o cstuoo oos +nc|s oc c|csc|mcnto oos t|oncos o+s +|vo|cs
+|+ cstuoo oo c||m+ nos u|t|mos sccu|os +||mo|+mcnto o+ |coc oc mon|to|+mcnto mctco|o-
|og|co +o|on|z+noo +s mco|ocs +|+ sc|cm con+vc|s c com+|+vc|s
||n+|mcntc ocvcm-sc +m||+| os |ccu|sos |um+nos c cons|oc|+| +s +|c+s mu|t|o|sc|||n+|cs sob|c
+tmos|c|+ so|o c +gu+s
4. Resumo dos pontos principais
^ c||t|c+ |nc|c|+ |nst|tuc|on+| |ct+|o+noo + ocn|io oc mco|o+s no n|vc| muno|+| +|+ m|t|-
g+io c +o+t+io |c|+t|v+ s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s cu,os c|c|tos otcnc|+|s sio cv|ocntcs |o|
cn|+t|z+o+ |m cont|+onto |+ +v+nos n+ mooc|+gcm com + |m|+nt+io oc um novo su-
c|comut+oo| cmbo|+ o numc|o oc cscc|+||st+s sc,+ |nsu|c|cntc |m onto conscnsu+| c +
ncccss|o+oc oc +m||+| os |ccu|sos |um+nos ^ |couio oo ocsm+t+mcnto c + |oouio c uso
oos b|ocombust|vc|s +o |+oo oc out|+s |o|m+s oc cnc|g|+ |cnov+vc|s co|oc+m o +|s cm um+
os|io |+vo|+vc| no momcnto
O scucst|o oc c+|bono ooc sc| +cc|c|+oo o| muo+n+s n+ +g||cu|tu|+ c n+ ccu+||+ bcm como
n+ |csc|v+io oos s|stcm+s n+tu|+|s O cstouc oc c+|bono c|csccu +nu+|mcntc cnt|c c
m|||ocs oc tonc|+o+s oc c+|bono n+s o|cst+s uc |o|+m |csc|v+o+s oo ocsm+t+mcnto n+ +|c+
+n-+m+zon|c+ o uc c o+ o|ocm oc m+gn|tuoc o+ cm|ssio oc c+|bono +|+ + +tmos|c|+ c|o ocs-
m+t+mcnto no +|s |+ ncccss|o+oc oc sc |+zc| |nvcnt+||os oc cstouc oc c+|bono c||oo|c+mcntc
c t+mbcm oc +||mo|+| + |coc oc mon|to|+mcnto mctco|o|og|co c +o|on|z+| +s mco|ocs
5. Comentrios nais e recomendaes
|xt|cm+mcntc bcm co|oc+o+s c ||c+s cm contcuoo |n|o|m+t|vo |+ ontos n+s cxos|ocs uc
mc|cccm um ocb+tc |moss|vc| ocnt|o oos ||m|tcs oc tcmo oo scm|n+||o
O uso oc tccno|og|+ oc b+|xo c+|bono cm um so +|s ou cm um cucno con,unto oc +|-
scs nio c suc|cntc sc nio |o| +oot+o+ cm n|vc| muno|+| cm +|t|cu|+| |nc|u|noo os g|+nocs
|c|+to||o oo scm|n+||o |c+|+to||o |uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
:,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|uo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
cm|sso|cs ôcm+|s o|c||mcntc +s tccno|og|+s oc |oouio mcnos cm|sso|+s b+st+|io +|+
m|t|g+| o +ucc|mcnto g|ob+| sc nio |ouvc| muo+n+s nos +o|ocs oc consumo |st+ muo+n-
+ ocvc sc| oc |o|m+ + mc||o|+| o n|vc| oc v|o+ o+s c+m+o+s oc mcno| |cno+ o uc |m||c+|+ +
ncccss|o+oc oc g|+noc |couio n+s c+m+o+s oc |cno+ mco|+ c +|t+
|cvcm sc| tom+o+s como |ccomcno+ocs |mc|+t|v+s +|+ o ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|o-
g|+ (|C) c o govc|no cm gc|+|
Vcncc| + |nc|c|+ |nst|tuc|on+| +|+ + ocn|io oc mco|o+s oc m|t|g+io c +o+t+io
|+| ||o||o+oc |couio oo ocsm+t+mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ c oo Cc||+oo scm oc|x+| oc
|+oo out|os +scctos cscc|+|mcntc +s cm|ssocs o+ +g||cu|tu|+
|nccnt|v+| os b|ocombust|vc|s c out|+s tccno|og|+s oc b+|xo c+|bono ||nc|+|mcntc o
uso oc out|+s |o|m+s oc cnc|g|+s |cnov+vc|s (co||c+ c so|+|)
^v+n+| n+ mooc|+gcm c||m+t|c+ us+noo novos mc|os comut+c|on+|s
^m||+| os |ccu|sos |um+nos
|st|mu|+| cstuoos oc v+||+b|||o+oc c||m+t|c+ .esas muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s
|c||o|+| +s obsc|v+ocs cm|||c+s c o ocscmcn|o oc mooc|os
||||m|| o|sco|onc|+s |nc|us|vc sob|c muo+n+ o+s c|uv+s no +|s
|+zc| |nvcnt+||os oc cstouc oc c+|bono c||oo|c+mcntc
|os cstuoos ocvc-sc |+n+| mio o+ |coc oc |csu|s+ sob|c |uo+n+s C||m+t|c+s C|ob+|s oo
|C cu,+ coo|ocn+io c sco|+o+ no |||| c oo |+|nc| ||+s||c||o oc |uo+n+s C||m+t|c+s c||+oo
cm cooc|+io c|o ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) c o ||n|stc||o oo |c|o ^mb|cn-
tc (||^) c cu,+ scc|ct+||+ cxccut|v+ tcm scoc no |nst|tuto ^|bc|to |u|z Co|mb|+ oc |os-g|+ou-
+io c |csu|s+ oc |ngcn|+||+ (CO|||-||||)
|m+ vcz +|ov+o+s como |cso|uocs o+ | C|C| cst+s |ccomcno+ocs ocvcm sc| o|vu|g+o+s c
ocb+t|o+s com + comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ cm gc|+| com +s un|vc|s|o+ocs c com + soc|co+oc c su+s
o|g+n|z+ocs us+noo-sc + ^c+ocm|+ ||+s||c||+ oc C|cnc|+ + oc|co+oc ||+s||c||+ +|+ o ||og|csso
o+ C|cnc|+ (||C) c o |o|um ||+s||c||o oc |uo+n+s C||m+t|c+s ||g+oo ||cs|ocnc|+ o+ |cub||c+
Como u|t|mo onto o| coc|cnc|+ c |ccomcno+vc| uc +s mco|o+s uc v|c|cm + sc| tom+o+s
sc,+m com+t|vc|s com +s mct+s oo ||+no |+c|on+| oc |uo+n+s C||m+t|c+s c com o com|o-
m|sso vo|unt+||o oc |couio oc cm|ssocs +ssum|oo c|o ||+s|| n+ Con|c|cnc|+ o+ O|| sob|c
|uo+n+ oo C||m+ |c+||z+o+ cm oczcmb|o oc .oo, cm Cocn|+guc
Parte
antanal e cerrado
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|+nt+n+| c cc||+oo
Cerrado: o :aaec entre a conservao e o
desenvolvimento
Giselda Durigan
1. Evoluo e estado atual da ocupao do cerrado

|nt|c os b|om+s b|+s||c||os o Cc||+oo c o uc tcm s|oo m+|s |+|o+mcntc convc|t|oo n+s u|t|m+s
occ+o+s +|+ usos o+ tc||+ vo|t+oos |oouio |c um+ ocu+io +g||co|+ |+t|c+mcntc nu|+ +tc
mc+oos oo sccu|o +ss+oo o Cc||+oo +ssou + |csonoc| o| |;/ oos g|ios |o/ o+ c+|nc bov|n+ c
,e/ oo |c|tc |oouz|oo no +|s cm cc|c+ oc u+t|o occ+o+s c|cg+noo + sc| cons|oc|+oo c|o +| o+
|cvo|uio Vc|oc |o|m+n |o||+ug como + u|t|m+ ||ontc||+ +g||co|+ oo |+nct+ (|O||^|C .oo.)
^ ocmo|+ n+ ocu+io oo Cc||+oo o||c|cntcmcntc o+ ^m+zon|+ ou oo |+nt+n+| nio sc cx||-
c+ c|o ||go| o+s |c|s ou c|+ consc|cnc|+ o+ |mo|tnc|+ oc su+ consc|v+io |oucos c ouco
cc+zcs sio os |nst|umcntos o+ |c| +|+ co|b|| o ocsm+t+mcnto oo Cc||+oo c |+|+s +s o||t|c+s
ou mov|mcntos vo|t+oos su+ |otcio mcsmo ocz +nos +os + su+ |nc|usio cnt|c os nc:sc:s
g|ob+|s +|+ + consc|v+io o+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ (||| e: a' .ooo) |c|ccc ocst+uc o |c-
ccntc c +|no+ nio |m|+nt+oo ||+no oc îo +|+ ||cvcnio c Cont|o|c oo |csm+t+mcnto c
o+s uc|m+o+s no Cc||+oo (||Cc||+oo) +|t|cu|+oo c|o ||n|stc||o oo |c|o ^mb|cntc (||^)
com o cnvo|v|mcnto oc |nst|tu|ocs v|ncu|+o+s ^ m+nutcnio oo cc||+oo |+t|c+mcntc |nto-
c+oo +tc c|+s |cccntcs cnu+nto + v|z|n|+ |+t+ ^t|nt|c+ |o| scvc|+mcntc ocst|u|o+ ocvcu-sc
s|m|csmcntc +bso|ut+ |moss|b|||o+oc oc uso +g||co|+ oc su+s tc||+s +c|o+s c oc b+|x+ |c|t|-
||o+oc c + um+ cst+io scc+ uc c|cg+ + sc cstcnoc| o| m+|s o+ mct+oc oo +no cm +|gum+s
+ |csu|s+oo|+ C|cnt|c+ oo |nst|tuto ||o|cst+| oo |st+oo oc io |+u|o cc|ct+||+ oo |c|o ^mb|cntc
C|sc|o+ |u||g+n
:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|cg|ocs ^ss|m com + tccno|og|+ o|son|vc| |+ mc|o sccu|o + un|c+ cx|o|+io cconom|c+ os-
s|vc| o+s tc||+s oc Cc||+oo c|+ + ccu+||+ cxtcns|v+ cm +st+gcns n+tu|+|s uc ouco ou nc-
n|um |m+cto c+us+v+ +os ccoss|stcm+s
^ |cnt+ ocg|+o+io c|+ |moss|b|||o+oc oc cu|t|vo +g||co|+ nio |o| um+ ccu||+||o+oc o+ s+-
v+n+ b|+s||c||+ |cct|noo-sc n+ ||sto||+ o+ ocu+io |um+n+ o+s out|+s ou+s g|+nocs |cg|ocs
oc s+v+n+ oo munoo ^|||c+ c ûst|+||+ uc sc c+|+ctc||z+m |gu+|mcntc o| cst+ocs scc+s
|o|ong+o+s +o+t+io +o |ogo c so|os oc b+|x+ |c|t|||o+oc Com m+|s oc .ooooo +nos oc ocu-
+io |um+n+ +s s+v+n+s +|||c+n+s |o|+m |cnt+mcntc oc+uc|+o+s c|o sob|c+sto|c|o c c|+
cx|o|+io oc |cn|+ c os +ust|+||+nos sc o|gu||+m oc tc| + m+|s bcm |csc|v+o+ o+s s+v+n+s oo
|+nct+ |+t|c+mcntc |ntcg|+ +cs+| oos |oooo +nos oc ocu+io +bo||gcnc
|o |+oo oc c+ oo |+nct+ o|cm o ocs|ntc|cssc c|+ +g||cu|tu|+ n+s s+v+n+s c co|s+ oo +ss+-
oo ^ u|t|m+ s+v+n+ + sc| ocu+o+ c|o |coc saeos |+ ouco m+|s oc +.ooo +nos |o| +
||mc||+ + sc| o| c|c ||tc|+|mcntc oom|n+o+ c nio o tc||+ s|oo nio |osscm os +|tc|+tos o+ |ntc||-
gcnc|+ |um+n+ |ooc-sc +|m+| scm ||sco uc nio |ossc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co c tccno-
|og|co nio tc||+ s|oo tio |+|o+ tio cxtcns+ c tio |||cvc|s|vc| + ocst|u|io o+ s+v+n+ b|+s||c||+
|o| g|++s |nt|oouio oc nov+s cu|tu|+s +o mc||o|+mcnto gcnct|co |noust||+ oc |c|t|||z+ntcs
c tccno|og|+ oc ||||g+io uc +s tc||+s |nos|t+s oo Cc||+oo sc to|n+|+m o cc|c||o oo ||+s||
|st+ s|m c um+ ccu||+||o+oc oo Cc||+oo mco|+ntc +s out|+s s+v+n+s oo munoo c mco|+ntc os
out|os b|om+s oo +|s +|no+ |csc|v+oos ou ,+ ocst|u|oos scm uc +|+ |sso |ossc ncccss+||o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co ou |nov+ocs tccno|og|c+s
|+ s|tu+io +tu+| |cst+ cc|c+ oc mct+oc o+ +|c+ o||g|n+| oo Cc||+oo cu,+ |ntcg||o+oc +|no+ nio
|o| +v+||+o+ c||tc||os+mcntc |+ out|+ mct+oc oo Cc||+oo o||g|n+| |m
.
|+v|+m s|oo subs-
t|tu|oos no +no oc o| +st+gcns com g|+m|nc+s +|||c+n+s |m
.
c|+ +g||cu|tu|+
cscc|+|mcntc oc so,+ c |m
.
o| s||v|cu|tu|+ (^|O e: a' ) usos uc tcm c|csc|oo
cont|nu+mcntc cnt|c out|os uc ocu+m |oo|ocs mcno|cs
O uc +|+ uns c mot|vo oc g|+noc o|gu||o como m+|s um m||+g|c b|+s||c||o +|+ out|os c
v|sto como um g|+noc cu|voco ,+ uc o +v+no oo +g|oncgoc|o tcnoc + |cv+| o||+|o+io
oo +t||mon|o n+tu|+| c +o com|omct|mcnto |||cvc|s|vc| o+s |unocs oos ccoss|stcm+s t|+-
ouz|o+s nos tio |o+|+oos sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s ^ ocu+io o+ tc||+ no Cc||+oo c t+|vcz o
m+|s cv|ocntc c +b|+ngcntc oos o|vc|sos :aaecs |c|+c|on+oos com + |oouio oc bcns +
consc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c os sc|v|os ccoss|stcm|cos c um oos m+|o|cs ocs+os +|+ o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| no ||+s||
Os ocs+os uc sc co|oc+m +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| |csumcm-sc + ocscn|+| c to|-
n+| oss|vc| + +|s+gcm uc sc ocsc,+ +|+ cc|c+ oc um m|||io oc u||omct|os u+o|+oos oc
Cc||+oo O :aaec cnt|c + consc|v+io c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
:,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|+nt+n+| c cc||+oo
Cc||+oo uc +|no+ cstio cm c C+so + ocu+io oo cc||+oo cont|nuc oo mooo como vcm scn-
oo |c|t+ + o|+m+t|c+ |cv|sio oc |+c|+oo e: a' (.oo|) ooc sc conc|ct|z+| c cm .o,o |cst+|io
ocstc b|om+ somcntc +s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io c tc||+s |no|gcn+s
2. O cerrado e os servios ambientais
^|no+ uc + c|cnc|+ +|no+ nio tcn|+ s|oo c++z oc ocmonst|+| + |mo|tnc|+ oc c+o+ cscc|c
+|+ + |csc|v+io oos ccoss|stcm+s c oc su+s |unocs + cxt|cm+ |c|cvnc|+ oo Cc||+oo n+ |cgu-
|+io o+ o|son|b|||o+oc ||o||c+ suc||c|+| c subtc||nc+ ,+ c con|cc|o+ c |ncontcst+vc| c b+st+-
||+ +|+ ,ust||c+| + ncccss|o+oc oc su+ consc|v+io O|to o+s oozc g|+nocs b+c|+s ||o|og|+|c+s
b|+s||c||+s tcm su+s n+sccntcs no oom|n|o oo Cc||+oo c c t+mbcm ncss+ |cg|io uc sc cncon-
t|+m +s ||nc|+|s zon+s oc |cc+|g+ oc |csc|v+s subtc||nc+s como o û||c|o Cu+|+n| ^ |cgu-
|+||z+io o+ v+zio oos ||os tcm |m||c+io o||ct+ sob|c + g+|+nt|+ oo +b+stcc|mcnto oc cnc|g|+
||o|c|ct||c+ c o|t+nto t+mbcm cst+ |mo|tnc|+ tcm oc sc| c|co|t+o+ +o Cc||+oo
|o onto oc v|st+ oc cc|cnc|+ n+ |oouio oc +gu+ o Cc||+oo suc|+ |+c||mcntc +s o|cst+s
t|o|c+|s um+ vcz uc |ntc|cct+ mcnos +gu+ o+ c|uv+ |ct||+ mcnos +gu+ oo so|o c c |gu+|mcn-
tc cc+z cm cv|t+| c|o+s o| csco+mcnto suc|c|+| ^ss|m |+ m+|s +gu+ cxccocntc +|+ um+
mcsm+ +|c+ oc Cc||+oo oo uc oc o|cst+ sob + mcsm+ u+nt|o+oc oc c|uv+s |o| out|o |+oo
cm m|t|g+io oo c|c|to cstu|+ c|+ x+io oc c+|bono o Cc||+oo c|oc +|+ +s o|cst+s t+nto
cm cstouc u+nto cm t+x+ oc +ss|m||+io ^mbos os t|os oc vcgct+io |otcgcm |gu+|mcntc
os so|os cont|+ + c|osio ||o||c+ c co||c+
|cstc b+|+no nio cx|stc um b|om+ mc||o| ou m+|s |mo|t+ntc uc o out|o sob tooos os +scctos
^s +|t|cu|+||o+ocs oc c+o+ um |+zcm uc os ||nc|+|s sc|v|os o| c|cs o|c|cc|oos sc,+m o|st|ntos
O v+|o| oos sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s c comumcntc cons|oc|+oo +bst|+to c oc o|||c|| u+nt|c+io
|+s ooc sc| cst|m+oo com b+sc nos custos monct+||os oc m|t|g+| +s c|o+s occo||cntcs o+
convc|sio oo cc||+oo +|+ out|os usos uc |nc|ucm + ocg|+o+io oos so|os o com|omct|-
mcnto oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos +s |nv+socs b|o|og|c+s +s uc|m+o+s |cco||cntcs c sc som+m +os
custos +|+ + s+uoc ub||c+ cm conscucnc|+ ocss+ ocg|+o+io
3. Desaos para a cincia
c o| um |+oo + conu|st+ +g||co|+ oo Cc||+oo nos o|gu||+ c|+ u+||o+oc o+ noss+ c|cnc|+ c
c|+ noss+ cno|mc cont||bu|io |oouio oc +||mcntos +|+ o munoo o| out|o |+oo
C|sc|o+ |u||g+n
:o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
||ust|+-nos o |+to oc uc + mcsm+ c|cnc|+ +|no+ nio |o| c++z oc +v+||+| com um n|vc| |+zo-
+vc| oc con+b|||o+oc + o|mcnsio |cvc| +s conscucnc|+s c m|t|g+| os o+nos occo||cntcs o+
convc|sio oo Cc||+oo +|+ o +g|oncgoc|o |+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc m+|s c|cv+o+ cnt|c too+s +s s+v+-
n+s oo |+nct+ com m+|s oc cscc|cs oc |+nt+s c m+|s oc cscc|cs con|cc|o+s oc
vc|tcb|+oos (O||V|||^ |^||| .oo. ||||O|^ e: a' ) nio sc s+bc u+nto ,+ |o|
c|o|oo c|+ |couio oc |+b|t+t c mu|to mcnos sc ooc |cvc| u+nto sc|+ c|o|oo +u|+t|n+-
mcntc cm occo||cnc|+ o+ ||+gmcnt+io oo |so|+mcnto oc ou|+ocs c o+s moo|c+ocs +m-
b|cnt+|s occo||cntcs o+ muo+n+ oc uso o+ tc||+ +mbcm nio sc s+bc cm u+nto ooc||+m sc|
|couz|o+s +s c|o+s mco|+ntc o||c|cntcs ccn+||os oc ocu+io uc| sc,+ c|o |+nc,+mcnto cm
m+c|ocsc+|+ ou+noo |cg|ocs cco|og|c+mcntc m+|s |+|+s ou ||+gc|s (+s c+bccc||+s oo |+nt+n+|
o| cxcm|o) uc| sc,+ c|o |+nc,+mcnto o+ ocu+io ocnt|o oc c+o+ |o||co+oc |u|+| m+n-
tcnoo co||coo|cs cco|og|cos zon+s oc |otcio oc cncost+s ou m+n+nc|+|s c |+b|t+ts un|cos
^ c|cnc|+ t+mbcm nio |o| c++z +|no+ oc |ocnt|c+| o ||m|+| + +|t|| oo u+| o cc||+oo c|oc ocn|-
t|v+mcntc + |cs|||cnc|+ ou sc,+ u+| c o ||m|tc suo|t+vc| oc c|tu|b+io c|o sob|c+sto|c|o c|o
c+|voc,+mcnto c|os |nccno|os mu|to ||cucntcs ou c|+s |nv+socs b|o|og|c+s + +|t|| oo u+| nio
sc ooc m+|s c|+m+| oc Cc||+oo +u||o uc |cstou |+ |+|t+ ocst+ |n|o|m+io |+ cno|mcs o|sc|c-
nc|+s +tc mcsmo cnt|c +s tcnt+t|v+s oc u+nt|c+| +s +|c+s oc Cc||+oo |cm+ncsccntcs |+vcnoo
cst|m+t|v+s uc vio ocsoc (|^C|^|O e: a' .oo|) +tc e+/ (^|O e: a' )
|+|+ +|c+s ocsm+t+o+s ||cg+| ou |nocv|o+mcntc + |cst+u|+io cco|og|c+ |cc|s+||+ sc| |c|t+ |o
cnt+nto cnu+nto +v+n+mos cons|oc|+vc|mcntc n+ |ccuc|+io oc ccoss|stcm+s o|cst+|s +
c|cnc|+ o+ |cst+u|+io mu|to ouco +v+nou cm ccoss|stcm+s s+vn|cos no ||+s|| oc mooo uc
um+ vcz ocst|u|oo ouco |+ uc sc |+zc| +|+ |cmco|+| os o+nos
| cc|to uc os |ccu|sos |um+nos c m+tc||+|s |nvcst|oos cm csu|s+ n+s u|t|m+s occ+o+s |o|+m
ocs|oo|c|on+|mcntc m+|o|cs +|+ +|+v+nc+| + |oouio oo uc +|+ + com|ccnsio oo Cc|-
|+oo c suo|tc su+ consc|v+io
4. Desaos para a conservao e manejo do cerrado em terras
pblicas
|io c |cc|so csc|+| uc + c|cnc|+ ocmonst|c uc +s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io (|C) oc |otc-
io |ntcg|+| cx|stcntcs sio |nsuc|cntcs +|+ |c|cscnt+| too+ + o|vc|s|o+oc oo b|om+ um+ vcz
uc co||csonocm + +cn+s ../ oc su+ +|c+ o||g|n+| |csmo cont+b|||z+noo no tot+| oc |C +s
c+tcgo||+s oc uso sustcnt+vc| () c tc||+s |no|gcn+s () +s +|c+s uc nio ooc|io sc| con-
vc|t|o+s som+m mcnos oc oos m+|s oc m|||ocs oc |m
.
ocu+oos c|o Cc||+oo |+ mc|o
:)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|+nt+n+| c cc||+oo
sccu|o (||||| |^C|^|O ) cst+noo o|t+nto +ucm o+s mct+s cst+bc|cc|o+s c|+
Convcnio sob|c ||vc|s|o+oc ||o|og|c+
|+|+ + +m||+io o+ |coc n+c|on+| oc un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io oo Cc||+oo um g|+noc +sso
|o| o+oo com + |no|c+io oc +|c+s ||o||t+||+s cm tooo o +|s com + |c+||z+io oo wcsnc
ôcs |||o||t+||+s +|+ + Consc|v+io o+ ||oo|vc|s|o+oc oo Cc||+oo c oo |+nt+n+| cm uc
tcm no|tc+oo + c||+io oc nov+s +|c+s |otcg|o+s O ocs+o o|t+nto ncstc c+so c + ocst|n+-
io oc |ccu|sos +|+ uc t+|s +|c+s sc,+m o|c|+|mcntc t|+ns|o|m+o+s cm un|o+ocs oc consc|-
v+io ocv|o+mcntc ocs+|o||+o+s c oot+o+s oc |n||+cst|utu|+ csso+| c++c|t+oo c |ccu|sos
+|+ o scu m+nc,o c consc|v+io
û| cmc|gc um novo ocs+|o +|+ + c|cnc|+ como m+nc,+| os ccoss|stcm+s v|s+noo m+x|m|z+|
+ consc|v+io o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s |o c+so oo Cc||+oo su|gcm out|os
:aaecs +go|+ cnvo|vcnoo o|vc|s|o+oc |oouio oc +gu+ c x+io oc c+|bono ^ |cocu-
+io com + |couio o+s cm|ssocs oc CO. conouz|u |o|b|io oo uso oo |ogo +tc mcsmo
cm |o,ctos oc csu|s+ |+ cv|ocnc|+s c|cnt||c+s su|c|cntcs o|cm ocmonst|+noo uc + su-
|cssio tot+| oo |ogo |cv+|+ c|o+ oc o|vc|s|o+oc oc |to|s|onom|+s (|||||||O ||||C^|
) c cxt|nio oc |+nt+s cnocm|c+s oo Cc||+oo uc s vczcs ncccss|t+m oo |ogo +|+ sc
|c|oouz|| |m too+s +s s+v+n+s oo munoo cstuoos ocmonst|+m uc + su|cssio oo |ogo |cv+
+ +umcnto oc b|om+ss+ c o|t+nto +umcnto oo cstouc oc c+|bono oo+v|+ |sto t|+z con-
scucnc|+s o||ct+s sob|c o |cg|mc ||o|o|og|co o+s b+c|+s ||o|og|+c+s |+|o| b|om+ss+ |m||c+
m+|o| |ntc|cct+io o+ +gu+ o+ c|uv+ c|+ vcgct+io c +umcnto o+s c|o+s o| cv+ot|+ns|-
|+io oc mooo uc tcnoc + o|m|nu|| + v+zio oos ||os com o +ocns+mcnto o+ vcgct+io Ou
sc,+ com + |couio o+s cm|ssocs c|+ su|cssio o+ uc|m+ oo Cc||+oo oocm oco||c| c|o+s
oc b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c |couio n+ v+zio oos ||os o cxc||mcnt+io oc m+nc,o ooc|+ |no|c+| o
c+m|n|o |oc+| +|+ m+ntc| |ntcg|os o +t||mon|o n+tu|+| c too+s +s |unocs oo ccoss|stcm+ n+s
+|c+s n+tu|+|s |cm+ncsccntcs
5. Desaos para a conservao do cerrado em terras privadas
|+ +|c+ +|ox|m+o+ oc um m|||io oc |m
.
oc Cc||+oo |cm+ncsccntc cm bom cst+oo oc consc|v+-
io c oc sc csc|+| uc sc,+m |csc|v+oos cc|c+ oc |m
.
cm |o||co+ocs +|t|cu|+|cs c|+
s|m|cs +||c+io oos mcc+n|smos oc com+noo c cont|o|c |nst|tu|oos c|+s |c|s v|gcntcs |csc|v+
|cg+| c ^|c+s oc ||csc|v+io |c|m+ncntc |+|+ uc t+|s +|c+s sc,+m c|ct|v+mcntc |csc|v+o+s o-
|cm c ncccss+||o o |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+s |nst|tu|ocs uc zc|+m c|o cum||mcnto o+s |c|s
ô|c|on+|mcntc +|+ ot|m|z+| +s |unocs csc|+o+s oc t+|s |csc|v+s n+tu|+|s sio ncccss+||os
nov+mcntc |nvcst|mcntos cm csu|s+ cm +|c+s como b|o|og|+ o+ consc|v+io cco|og|+ o+
C|sc|o+ |u||g+n
:s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
+|s+gcm consc|v+io oc so|os c ||o|o|og|+ cnt|c out|+s c|cnc|+s uc oss+m subs|o|+| + o|oc-
n+io o+ ocu+io c o |+nc,+mcnto o+ |oc+||z+io o+s |csc|v+s + sc| m+nt|o+s
|sscs mcsmos cstuoos ocvcm subs|o|+| o |+nc,+mcnto oc ob|+s oc |n||+cst|utu|+ cscc|+|mcn-
tc o+ |coc oc v|+s oc t|+nso|tc +|+ csco+mcnto o+ |oouio uc sio gc|+|mcntc ocscnc+oc-
+oo|+s oc |occssos oc ocg|+o+io +mb|cnt+|
^ consc|v+io oc ccoss|stcm+s n+tu|+|s cm |o||co+ocs ||v+o+s +cn+s o| mc|o oc mcc+n|s-
mos oc com+noo c cont|o|c o|cm nio tcm s|oo bcm-succo|o+ no ||+s|| c |+|+mcntc cst+ cnt|c
+s cst|+tcg|+s +oot+o+s o| out|os +|scs |m um munoo uc +|mc,+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto +mb|cn-
t+|mcntc co||cto m+s soc|+|mcntc ,usto c cconom|c+mcntc v|+vc| + ocst|n+io oc tc||+s ||v+-
o+s consc|v+io |cst+u|+io ou uso sustcnt+vc| oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s tcm s|oo |ccon|cc|o+ cm
out|os +|scs como uso o+ tc||+ oc |ntc|cssc co|ct|vo c o|t+nto |cccbc |nccnt|vos o|vc|sos oos
govc|nos como |couio oc |mostos ou |cmunc|+io o| sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s cscc|+|mcntc +
|oouio oc +gu+ ou |couio o+s cm|ssocs gc|+o+s c|o ocsm+t+mcnto c ocg|+o+io (||||)
^ occ|sio sob|c o uso o+ tc||+ cm |o||co+ocs +|t|cu|+|cs c tom+o+ gc|+|mcntc com b+sc no
custo oc oo|tun|o+oc c |sso tcm |m||c+ocs o||ct+s +|+ + consc|v+io cm tc||+s ||v+o+s ^
mco|o+ uc + +g||cu|tu|+ c + ccu+||+ oc +|t+ tccno|og|+ +ss+m + o|c|ccc| |uc|os |ncom+|+vc|s
+os usos t|+o|c|on+|s oo Cc||+oo + oio c|+ consc|v+io ou uso sustcnt+vc| oos |ccu|sos n+-
tu|+|s to|n+-sc c+o+ vcz mcnos |ov+vc|
O ocs+o cntio c to|n+| + consc|v+io cm tc||+s ||v+o+s cconom|c+mcntc v|+vc| scm onc|+|
+ |oouio no |cst+ntc o+ |o||co+oc |m oos c+m|n|os +|+ |sso c + sc|v|oio o|cst+| uc
oc||v+ oos mcc+n|smos oc com+noo c cont|o|c m+s cx|b|||z+ + |oc+||z+io o+ |csc|v+ |cg+| oc
mooo uc |couz +s +|c+s + |cst+u|+| c |+vo|ccc consc|v+io oc +|c+s cxccocntcs oc ccoss|stc-
m+s n+tu|+|s cm out|+s |o||co+ocs |stc mc|c+oo o|cm |cc|s+ sc| mco|+oo com +o|o tcc-
n|co ,u||o|co c oc|+c|on+| +|+ uc sc,+ c|ct|vo
^ gu|+ oc |csc|v+ |+|t|cu|+| oo |+t||mon|o |+tu|+| (||||) |o| c||+o+ v|s+noo |nccnt|v+| + con-
sc|v+io o+ n+tu|cz+ cm tc||+s ||v+o+s c c cont+b|||z+o+ como |ntcg|+ntc oo |stcm+ |+c|on+|
oc |n|o+ocs oc Consc|v+io |ooc||+ sc| um+ oio comct|t|v+ oc uso o+ tc||+ c mu|t|||c+|-
-sc n+s |cg|ocs oc Cc||+oo m+s cmbo|+ tcn|+m s|oo |nst|tu|o+s cm c scus |o||ct+||os
gc|+|mcntc +|cscntcm mot|v+ocs ||g+o+s consc|v+io +tc |o,c mu|t+s +|c+s tcm |ob|cm+s
oc gcstio omc-sc o cxcm|o oo |+to C|osso oo u| onoc + m+|o||+ o+s |||| sc m+ntcm
com +ux|||o oc o|g+n|z+ocs nio govc|n+mcnt+|s +mb|cnt+||st+s o| cm|cs+s como cst|+tcg|+
oc oae:o cm|cs+||+| ou o| |+zocs csso+|s um+ vcz uc os |nccnt|vos |cv|stos c|+ |cg|s-
|+io uc ocvc||+m sc| con|c||oos c|o ooc| ub||co c cont||bu|| +|+ to|n+-|+s +utossustcnt+-
vc|s ou sio |nsuc|cntcs ou nio |o|+m +ocu+o+mcntc |nst|tu|oos (||||| .o+o)
:,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|+nt+n+| c cc||+oo
^ vc|o+oc c uc cnu+nto + consc|v+io oc ccoss|stcm+s n+tu|+|s cm tc||+s ||v+o+s |o| |mos-
t+ +os |o||ct+||os c o| c|cs c|ccb|o+ como um+ ||v+io oo o||c|to oc |o||co+oc ou um+
cn+||o+oc o|c||mcntc sc|io cont|oos o ocsm+t+mcnto ou + ocg|+o+io +mbcm nio sc ooc
csc|+| + consc|v+io vo|unt+||+ oc +|c+s suc||o|cs +o cx|g|oo o| |c| ^ so|uio o|t+nto +ss+
o| um+ muo+n+ oc +|+o|gm+ uc v+| occnoc| oc um+ c+oc|+ oc |ov|ocnc|+s +s u+|s ocvcm
cu|m|n+| no |ccon|cc|mcnto oc uc + consc|v+io tcm custos |no|v|ou+|s m+s c oc |ntc|cssc co-
|ct|vo c o|t+nto ocvc sc| |cmunc|+o+ oc m+nc||+ ,ust+ u+noo cm tc||+s ||v+o+s
6. Recomendaes
||+ntc oos ocs+os +|+ v|+b|||z+| o com+|t|||+mcnto o+s tc||+s oc Cc||+oo cnt|c + |oouio
c + consc|v+io +|gum+s +ocs sio ||o||t+||+s ocst+c+noo-sc
+ |o|tc |nvcst|mcnto cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co com ocst|n+io oc |ccu|sos |o|-
m+io oc csso+| c +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |o,ctos oc csu|s+ sob|c o Cc||+oo com
ocst+uc +|+ + com|ccnsio o+s +|tc|+ocs nos |occssos cco|og|cos |csu|t+ntcs o+s
muo+n+s oc uso o+ tc||+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccn|c+s oc cu|t|vo oc b+|xo |m+cto
. ||sscm|n+io oo con|cc|mcnto sob|c o Cc||+oo +|+ tooos os ub||cos com v|st+s +
cu|+|+| su+ v+|o||z+io oos b|om+s o|cst+|s b|+s||c||os
, |co|o+s v|s+noo +|o||+io oo con|cc|mcnto tccn|co-c|cnt|co sob|c o Cc||+oo c-
|os |cg|s|+oo|cs c tom+oo|cs oc occ|sio
| |ntcg|+io o+s +gcno+s oos o||c|cntcs scto|cs oo govc|no cu,+ +tu+io cst+ |c|+c|on+-
o+ o||ct+ ou |no||ct+mcntc com + consc|v+io o uso sustcnt+vc| c + ocu+io +g||-
co|+ oo Cc||+oo
|cst|n+io oc |ccu|sos +m||+io o+ |coc oc un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io oo Cc||+oo cm
tc||+s ub||c+s com b+sc cm con|cc|mcntos c|cnt|cos
e |nst|tu|io oc mcc+n|smos c|ct|vos c cc+zcs oc |cmunc|+io o+ consc|v+io cm tc||+s
||v+o+s
C|sc|o+ |u||g+n
:,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
Referncias
|O||^|C || |eeao a .c'a c/ o o''co ec'e :ne oa.'e aneaa |o | 8a'e, ea) G'coa' .aoo
aoa c:ne e.co,:ns - Ccoe::.e |o:ese |os::a:e |oscv|||c ||^ .oo.
||||| C^ |^C|^|O | Ccose.a:co c/ :ne 8a'ao Ceaac Ccose.a:co 8c'c, ||^ v n
-
|^C|^|O || |^|O ||O || ||||||^ | C^||^ | CO|^|V| | ^|O | ^|O|
| |||||C|| | |st|m+t|v+s oc c|o+ o+ +|c+ oo Cc||+oo b|+s||c||o ||+s|||+ Consc|v+t|on |ntc|-
n+t|on+| oo ||+s|| .oo|
||| | ||||||||| |^ ||||||||| CC |O||C^ C^| ||| | ||oo|vc|s|ty |otsots
|o| consc|v+t|on ||o||t|cs |+tu|c v -
O||V|||^ | |^||| || !c Cc||+oos o| ||+z|| |.c'c, aoa à:aa' |s:c, c/ a èc:c.a' :a.ao
oa è. +c Cc'aooa Jo.es:, ||css .oo.
||||| ^ ^v+||+io oos +scctos |c|+c|on+oos c||+io c m+nc,o oc |csc|v+s |+|t|cu|+|cs oo |+t||mon|o
n+tu|+| no |st+oo oo |+to C|osso oo u| ||+s|| |sco|+ oc |ngcn|+||+ oc io C+||os |n|vc|s|o+oc
oc io |+u|o (csc oc |outo|+oo) .o+o
|||||||O | ||||C^| C ||nm|c+ cs+o-tcmo|+| (-) o+s |to|s|onom|+s cm
un|o+oc oc consc|v+io oo cc||+oo no suocstc oo ||+s|| |cv|st+ ||+s||c||+ oc |otn|c+ v ,.
-
^|O || |O^ | |||O || |||||||^ || |C |aoa .c.e oao c/ :ne :c.a' sa.aooa |o.co
oeo:a' /co:co aoa ^ssessoeo:
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|+nt+n+| c cc||+oo
Relatrio sesso Pantanal e cerrado
Divina das Dores de Paula Cardoso
^ mcs+-|coono+ |n|c|ou-sc s +;|oo sob + coo|ocn+io oo || |+|c|o |||+no+ tcnoo como

ocb+tcoo|cs + ||+ C|sc|+ |u||g+n c o || |oio ||+v|o Vc|oso ||v+
|n|c|+|mcntc tomou + +|+v|+ o || |+|c|o uc +os +|cscnt+io |o||+ oos cxos|to|cs c o+
|c|+to|+ +ssou s cons|oc|+ocs c|t|ncntcs sob|c + mctooo|og|+ + sc| +oot+o+ n+ scssio ^ sc-
gu|| |nt|oouz|u o +ssunto + sc| t|+t+oo n+ mcs+ |css+|t+noo os scgu|ntcs +scctos
|cst+cou o Cc||+oo c o |+nt+n+| como ocs+os |cg|on+|s tc|||to||+|s c +mb|cnt+|s |cmb|+noo
uc os b|om+s cnu+o|+m-sc n+ +ssc|t|v+ .cose.a:co .:nca: a.:co s .co.esa:co |cstc cn-
|ouc |cmb|ou uc +|+ + consc|v+io |+ occnocnc|+ oc |ccu|sos c o||t|c+s ub||c+s |io
obst+ntc c t+mbcm tcm+ oc con|to cons|oc|+noo uc oc um |+oo tcm-sc + c|scct|v+ nc-
ccss+||+ oo uso o+ tc||+ c oo out|o + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c + cu|tu|+ uc |cc|s+m sc| |csc|v+o+s
|o contcxto ocst+cou +|cm o+ +gu+ |uno+mcnt+| +|+ +mbos os contcxtos + ucstio o+ |o-
ouio +g||co|+ c|csccntc com o +v+no o+ ou|+io +|+ o ocstc |cstc onto |cmb|ou o|
out|o |+oo uc cstcs con|tos s|tu+m-sc num contcxto oc gc|cnc|+mcnto cm um +|s ocmo-
c|+t|co com + oss|b|||o+oc oc moo|c+| o cu|so oo |og|csso oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto +g||co|+ c
oc ccu+||+ +|+ mc||o| |io obst+ntc + c|gunt+ |mo|t+ntc c o cnc+m|n|+mcnto sc o+|+ oc
|o|m+ co||ct+ O g|+noc ocs+o'
+ ||o-|c|to|+ oc |csu|s+ c |os-C|+ou+io o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oc Co|+s (||C)
||v|n+ o+s |o|cs oc |+u|+ C+|ooso
:,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|cst+ c|scct|v+ oc g|+noc ocs+|o |cmb|ou +s ucstocs ,+ ost+s cm tc|mos o+ tc|||to||co+oc
oo Cc||+oo uc cob|c m+|s oc m|||ocs oc u||omct|os u+o|+oos cm cst+oos o+ |coc|+-
io cnu+nto uc o |+nt+n+| ocu+ cm to|no oc m|| u||omct|os u+o|+oos c cont+ com
+ |mo|tnc|+ o+ b+c|+ oo +|to |+|+gu+| |cst+cou uc +mbos os b|om+s |c|cscnt+m um +t||-
mon|o b|o|og|co cxubc|+ntc os u+|s cx|stcm |+t|c+mcntc +cn+s no ||+s|| com + c+|+ctc||st|c+
+|no+ oo scu cnt|c|++mcnto
||n+|mcntc |cmb|ou + u|t|m+ convcnio +|+ + |csc|v+io oo |+nct+ cm uc o ||+s|| sc o-
s|c|on+ n+ |otcio oc oo Cc||+oo c |+nt+n+| c oc +|+ + ^m+zon|+ |io obst+ntc
|cmb|ou t+mbcm uc cst+mos o|st+ntcs ocstcs c|ccntu+|s uc cstio no momcnto cm to|no
oc c +|+ o Cc||+oo |+nt+n+| c ^m+zon|+ |cscct|v+mcntc |cst+ s|tu+io |cm-
b|ou t+mbcm + ncccss|o+oc oo +umcnto oo numc|o oc +|c+s oc consc|v+io +|+ os b|om+s c
cncc||ou su+ |ntc||c|cnc|+ com ou+s ucstocs ) O uc csc|+| oo |utu|o c ) O uc |+|cmos
^ ||+ C|sc|o+ |o| + ||mc||+ +|cst|+ntc + |+zc| uso o+ +|+v|+ c o |cz com |oco no Cc||+oo
||+ |n|c|ou su+ |+|+ o|zcnoo uc no scu cntcno|mcnto |+ um :aac |nucst|on+vc| no Cc||+-
oo c uc |cc|s+ sc| cnc+|+oo o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co-tccno|og|co X consc|v+io |cs-
t+cou uc ncstc contcxto u+nto m+|o| + ocu+io m+|o| + oss|b|||o+oc oc uso o+ tc||+ oc
|o|m+ mcnos sustcnt+vc|
||+ cn|+t|zou ou+s +ssc|t|v+s oc uso co||cntc c +nt+gon|c+ ) ^g||cu|tu|+ no Cc||+oo |c|cscnt+
+ m+|o| conu|st+ oo ||+s|| c ) |io sc ncccss|t+ m+|s ocsm+t+| o Cc||+oo ocsoc uc cstc ooc
sc| ut|||z+oo +g|cg+noo v+|o|cs
|o contcxto o+ scguno+ +ssc|t|v+ c|+ |cmb|ou + g|+noc ||ucz+ b|o|og|c+ oo Cc||+oo uc +|n-
o+ nio c com|ct+mcntc con|cc|o+ |o| out|o |+oo nio sc tcm conscgu|oo +g|cg+| v+|o| + css+
b|o|og|+ |cmb|ou t+mbcm + ncccss|o+oc o+ |otcio oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos n+ contcxtu+||z+io
oc uc o Cc||+oo +b||g+ o|to b+c|+s ||o|og|+c+s ^ss|m nio sc ooc |+zc| uso o+ tc||+ com o
com|omct|mcnto o+s n+sccntcs ocsoc uc cm +ss|m o |+zcnoo |+ n+ vc|o+oc o com|omc-
t|mcnto oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto Como |ov+ |cmb|ou uc n+ occ+o+ oc o Cc||+oo cst+v+
|nt+cto c uc ,+ cm o+oos |no|c+m + cx|stcnc|+ oc +cn+s oc Cc||+oo |cm+ncsccntc
ocst+c+noo uc io |+u|o so ossu| ;/
|cst+ c|scct|v+ c|+ t|++ um o|+gnost|co nio |ossc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co c tccno|o-
g|co o Cc||+oo nio tc||+ s|oo tio ocg|+o+oo c tio |+|o+mcntc ||+ |+mcntou |cmb|+noo uc
o Cc||+oo c o cc|c||o oo +|s |io obst+ntc + cont|nu+| com o ||tmo oc ocu+io +tu+| cstc so
|cst+|+ n+s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io c n+s +|c+s |no|gcn+s |+scou cst+ +||m+t|v+ no contcxto
oc uc + s||v|cu|tu|+ ocu+ |o,c um+ +|c+ oc |m
um m|||io oc |m
oc v|n|c||os +g||-
cu|tu|+ cm |m
c +st+gcns c g|+m|nc+s cxot|c+s cm |m
num contcxto oc
+cn+s |m
oc +|c+s |otcg|o+s
|c|+to||o scssio |+nt+n+| c cc||+oo
:,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|+nt+n+| c cc||+oo
|cstc +no|+m+ |moc-sc o ucst|on+mcnto O uc |+zc| o uc uc|cmos com cst+ cxtcns+
+|c+ oc v|n|c||os |c|o coo|go |o|cst+| ocst+ +|c+ oocm sc| |ct||+oos |cst+noo o|t+nto
|m
com |utu|o |ncc|to c |ouvc| cx+nsio o+ |oouio cc|t+mcntc |+vc|+ cxt|nio

oc cscc|cs ocg|+o+io oo so|o |ob|cm+s com |ccu|sos ||o||cos |nv+sio b|o|og|c+ o|t+nto
+o n+| |ob|cm+ oc s+uoc ub||c+
|+| o g|+noc ocs+o +|+ c|cnc|+ u+|s sio os ||m|+|cs | como c|cscc| scm t|+nso| csscs ||m|+-
|cs ^ +|cst|+ntc +ontou c+m|n|os +|+ + |oouio sustcnt+vc| |+nc,+mcnto +|+ convc|-
sio |+nt|o oc cu|tu|+s mcnos |m+ct+ntcs c |+t|c+s n+ +g||cu|tu|+ mcnos |m+ct+ntcs
|cst+ c|scct|v+ os g+n|os sio com |oout|v|o+oc +|t+ b+|xo ||sco oc |nvc|sio b|o|og|c+ c |+-
nc,+mcnto oc csco+mcnto o+ ccu+||+
|o| out|o |+oo cons|oc|ou uc +|+ uc |+,+ consc|v+io oo ccoss|stcm+ ncccss+||o c uc
+s bo+s |+t|c+s oco||+m t+nto cm tc||+s ub||c+s u+nto ||v+o+s O scto| ub||co s+bc onoc
c||+| +s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io c o|soc oc |ccu|sos +|+ t+| |o| out|o |+oo nio sc tcm
|cv|sio +|+ subs|o|+| o scto| ||v+oo ||+ |c|tc|ou + ncccss|o+oc oc o scto| ||v+oo cnt|+|
no contcxto o+ c||+io o+s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io c uc o |occo|mcnto |cg+| nio ooc c
nio ocvc sc| o oc |mos|io sob|c o |oouto| ô cont|+||o cstc tcm uc tc| + c|scct|v+
oc |cto|no o| +|tc oo govc|no
ô n+| c|+ com|cmcntou t|++noo o scgu|ntc ccn+||o +|+ o Cc||+oo
+ |ooc-sc m+ntc| o cc||+oo oc c +cs+| oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co c tccno|og|co ou
|cnt|o oc +|gum+ c|scct|v+ ot|m|st+ m+ntc| o cc||+oo oc c g|++s +o ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto c|cnt|co c tccno|og|co
^ +|cst|+ntc tc|m|nou su+ +|cst|+ com +s scgu|ntcs |ccomcno+ocs
|o|m+| |ccu|sos |um+nos +ocu+oos +|+ +t|v|o+ocs com o b|om+
||sscm|n+| con|cc|mcnto com +|o||+io oos tom+oo|cs oc occ|sio c |cg|s|+oo|cs
|+zc| + o||c|cnc|+io o+ |c|+io oo |o||ct+||o |u|+| com + consc|v+io
|m scgu|o+ tomou + +|+v|+ o || |oio ||+v|o uc |n|c|ou + su+ |+|+ |c|+t+noo o +c| o+ |m|c-
s+ ||+s||c||+ oc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+ (|mb|++) no ccn+||o n+c|on+| o+ csu|s+ c o+ +g|oc-
cu+||+ |cst+cou o numc|o |mo|t+ntc oc un|o+ocs oc csu|s+ cs+||+oos c|o tc|||to||o n+-
c|on+| |nc|u|noo + un|o+oc oo |+nt+n+| bcm como o +c| ocscmcn|+oo ocsoc + su+ c||+io
no ccn+||o o+ +g|occu+||+ b|+s||c||+
||v|n+ o+s |o|cs oc |+u|+ C+|ooso
:,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|css+|tou uc |o,c +|+ o Cc||+oo um g|+noc |oco o+ |mb|++ c o o+s +st+gcns ocg|+o+o+s
uc som+m |o,c o+s +st+gcns cu|t|v+o+s |cst+cou t+mbcm + ucstio o+ +ooio o+ |c-
vo|uio vc|oc' no scnt|oo oc mc||o||+s oc |nsumos c v+||co+ocs mc||o|+o+s oc so,+ m|||o c
|c|,io ô|c|on+|mcntc + |cocu+io com + |c|t|||o+oc oo so|o cm tc|mos o+ +oub+io com
ocst+uc +|+ x+io b|o|og|c+ oc n|t|ogcn|o o uc t|ouxc o|m|nu|io no |m+cto sob|c o
mc|o +mb|cntc c|+ nio m+|s +||c+io oc n|t|ogcn|o no so|o
|cmb|ou t+mbcm uc out|o onto oc |cocu+io o+ |mb|++ c o m+nc,o oc so|os c cu|tu|+
o uc |cvou |+t|c+ cm + oc |+nt|o o||cto ôcm+|s + +ooio n+ ||ut|cu|tu|+ oc s|s-
tcm+s +nu+|s c c|cncs +|cm oo o||+| +|+ +s |+nt+s n+t|v+s oo Cc||+oo no scnt|oo o+ oomcs-
t|c+io com o |ccxo n+ mc||o||+ o+ u+||o+oc oc v|o+ o+ ou|+io +ost||t+ |m tc|mos o+ c-
cu+||+ c|c |cmb|ou uc o+ |oouio oc c+|nc vcm oo Cc||+oo c uc cst+ sc o+ cm -
oo Cc||+oo ocg|+o+oo ^ss|m + |cocu+io c t+mbcm + oc |ccuc|+io ocst+s +st+gcns
^|cm oc too+s cst+s |cocu+ocs + |mb|++ |o,c +ont+ +|tc|n+t|v+s +|+ o +umcnto o+ |o-
out|v|o+oc +n|m+| no Cc||+oo o uc +ss+ nio so c|+ consc|v+io o+s +st+gcns m+s t+mbcm
c|o |occsso oc |ntcg|+io |+vou|+-ccu+||+ +|cm o+ +ooio oc nov+s cu|t|v+|cs oc |o||+gcns
|o contcxto |css+|tou + |mo|tnc|+ o+ |ntcg|+io |+vou|+-ccu+||+-o|cst+ como mcc+n|smo
+ocu+oo +|+ |ccuc|+io c |ntcg|+io com o s|stcm+ n+t|vo
|o| m no contcxto oc +|ovc|t+mcnto sustcnt+vc| c com +g|cg+io oc v+|o| b|oo|vc|s|o+-
oc oo Cc||+oo c|c ocst+cou + ncccss|o+oc o+ b|ocnc|g|+ +|+ o ||+s|| - + m+c+ub+ o ocnoc oo
cc||+oo |c|cscnt+ + g|+noc +|tc|n+t|v+ como o|co vcgct+| |c|o|ou uc cst+ c um+ |+nt+ uc
oco||c cm vc|co+s c |cs|stcntc + |+g+s c oc +|t+ |oout|v|o+oc - |oo ||t|os;|cct+|c;+no
O +|cst|+ntc |css+|tou t+mbcm uc o Cc||+oo cn||cnt+ out|+ vu|nc|+b|||o+oc cm tc|mos oo
+umcnto o+ tcmc|+tu|+ c uc cm sc +umcnt+noo cm to|no oc C co||c-sc g|+noc ||sco oc
|m+ct+| os |ccu|sos ||o||cos c conscucntcmcntc o so|o
ô n+| o +|cst|+ntc |ccomcnoou uc +|+ o Cc||+oo |mo|t+ntc +|no+ c + |c+||z+io oc cstu-
oos uc cnvo|v+m o con|cc|mcnto o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ô|c|on+|mcntc |mo|t+ |occoc| t+mbcm
cstuoos |c|+t|vos o|vc|s|c+io oos s|stcm+s +g||co|+s nio csucccnoo o contcxto o+ +v+||+io
oo c|c|to g|ob+| o+ tcmc|+tu|+ com um |oco t+mbcm no mc||o|+mcnto oo s|stcm+-|oouio
^ scgu|| o +|cst|+ntc cn|ocou o |+nt+n+| |css+|t+noo + |mo|tnc|+ o+ b+c|+ oo ^|to |+|+gu+|
com + |c||z const+t+io o+ su+ +|no+ bo+ |csc|v+io |cst+cou no contcxto + ncccss|o+oc
ocss+ |csc|v+io |cmb|+noo mco|o+s ,+ tom+o+s como + nio c|m|ssio +|+ |nt|oouio o+
c+n+-oc-+uc+| no so|o +g|cg+oo |o| out|o |+oo |cmb|ou + vu|nc|+b|||o+oc oo |+nt+n+| cm tc|-
mos oc scu so|o ||+g|| c +|cnoso onoc o| |o|+ o+ ocu+io |um+n+ ,+ cx|stc cc|to com|o-
|c|+to||o scssio |+nt+n+| c cc||+oo
:,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|+nt+n+| c cc||+oo
mct|mcnto oo |ccu|so ||o||co com o |c+|cc +|+ o ||o +u+|| |cmb|ou t+mbcm o otcnc|+| oo
|+nt+n+| cm tc|mos oo tu||smo cons|oc|+noo + su+ o|vc|s|o+oc oc o|+ c oc |+un+
ô|c|on+|mcntc |cmb|ou o otcnc|+| o+ ccu+||+ oo |+nt+n+| ocst+c+noo o mc||o|+mcnto o+
|++ bov|n+ +|cm oo csuc||o onoc + csc+ c |c|t+ ,+ oc m+nc||+ nio +ocu+o+ cso|t|v+ c
|o|ss|on+| o uc tcm |csu|t+oo cm c|c|to ncg+t|vo ,+ com + const+t+io oc cstouc o|m|nu|oo
Como |ccomcno+io ocst+cou + |omoio oc um s|stcm+ oc tu||smo c+o+ vcz m+|s |nst|tu-
c|on+||z+oo +|+ uc os |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s sc,+m c+o+ vcz m+|s m|n|m|z+oos ^|no+ ocst+cou
+ ocm+no+ oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto +|+ o b|om+ no contcxto t+mbcm o+ |nov+io o
uc ocvc sc |cct|| cm mc||o|+mcnto +n|m+| c vcgct+| ocnt|o oc um |occsso oc v+|o||z+io
oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c com o cnvo|v|mcnto |o|tc c ncccss+||o o+ ou|+io |oc+|
ô n+| o+s +|cscnt+ocs +ssou-sc s c|gunt+s uc cu||os+mcntc |o|+m |c|t+s o| csso+s |n-
tcg|+ntcs oos b|om+s |c|ccc ocst+uc + uc sc scguc tcnoo como b+sc t+mbcm + ob,ct|v|o+oc
Como |+zc| +|+ uc + +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| tcn|+ comc|c|+||z+io |cg+| com m+|o| |+c|||o+oc
Como |csost+ ocst+cou-sc o +c| |mo|t+ntc o+s +ssoc|+ocs com ocst+uc +|+ o scu |o|t+-
|cc|mcnto |n|c|+t|v+s +|+ +bc|tu|+ oc mc|c+oo |omoio o+ +g|o|noust||+||z+io cm c+sos oc
|ooutos c|cc|vc|s +|cm o+ |omoio oc sc|os oc con|o|m|o+oc oc mooo + v+|o||z+| o |cg|on+|
|o|+m cx|css+s +|gum+s |cocu+ocs como |mo|tnc|+ o+ +gu+ oo Cc||+oo +|+ su||| out|+s
b+c|+s |cocu+io com + u+||o+oc oc v|o+ o+ ou|+io |oc+| como os u||ombo|+s +nt+nc|-
|os c ||bc|||n|os com o |m+cto o+s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s sob|c o |+nt+n+| c o Cc||+oo com |c-
|cxo g|+vc c oc cu|to |+zo n+ |o|+ c |+un+ n+t|v+s |m+cto +mb|cnt+| o+ cxtcns|v+ |oouio oc
c+n+-oc-+uc+| no Cc||+oo scm v|su+||z+io oc cu+c|on+mcnto sob|c + m+n|u|+io oo zonc+-
mcnto cco|og|co cconom|co (z||) ,+ cx|stcntc com scu conscucntc ocscum||mcnto
+mbcm |o|+m |c|t+s +|gum+s |ccomcno+ocs como + ncccss|o+oc oc |+vc| o| +|tc oo go-
vc|no um+ o||t|c+ oc |nccnt|vo |oouio n+t|v+ oo Cc||+oo ncccss|o+oc oc |+nc,+mcnto
o||c|cnc|+oo +|+ o tu||smo ncstcs b|om+s uc |cvc + um ccotu||smo sustcnt+vc|
^ cst+s |cocu+ocs c |ccomcno+ocs |ouvc + sugcstio o| +|tc oos +|cst|+ntcs no uc
concc|nc +os |ooutos n+t|vos oos b|om+s c conscucntc |m+cto n+ u+||o+oc oc v|o+ o+ o-
u|+io |oc+| oc uc ocvc |+vc| o| +|tc oo govc|no + |m|+nt+io oc subs|o|o oc mooo +
to|n+-|os comct|t|vos com out|o t|os oc |oouio
|+oo o occu|so oc tcmo + |cun|io |o| cncc||+o+ com + |cc|+m+io oc uc |ouvc ouc+ o|s-
cussio +|+ o |+nt+n+|
Parte
Lnerglas alternatlvas
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|nc|g|+s +|tc|n+t|v+s
Produo sustentvel em larga escala de etanol
de cana-de-acar no Brasil
Marco Aurlio Pinheiro Lima
, Manoel Regis Lima Verde Leal
, Lus Augusto Barbosa Cortez
O ||+s|| c|cgou + cstc +|no+ |n|c|o oc sccu|o XX| tcnoo mont+oo um+ |noust||+ b+st+ntc
comct|t|v+ oc b|ocombust|vc|s cm +|t|cu|+| no uc sc |c|c|c |oouio oc ct+no| oc c+-
n+-oc-+uc+| |sso |o| conscgu|oo g|++s + um cs|o|o con,unto o|g+n|z+oo c|o cst+oo b|+s|-
|c||o uc soubc cst+bc|ccc| mct+s |+nc,+| c |nvcst|| cm C |+nc,+| c subs|o|+| + |oouio
+g|o|noust||+| no momcnto cc|to +|cm oc |+zc| um s|nc|on|z+oo cs|o|o oo c|+m+oo scto|
|oout|vo mu|t+s vczcs t|oo como consc|v+oo| m+s uc soubc |ccon|ccc| c +|ovc|t+| +s
oo|tun|o+ocs +|cscnt+o+s | |mo|t+ntc |gu+|mcntc |ccon|ccc| o +c| |uno+mcnt+| cxc|-
c|oo c|+ |noust||+ +utomob|||st|c+ uc |ocu|ou |n|c|+|mcntc ocscnvo|vc| o moto| + +|coo|
c m+|s |cccntcmcntc o moto| e\ c o +c| o+ |ct|ob|+s uc cooc|ou +t|v+mcntc n+ o|s-
t||bu|io oo +|coo| cm tooo o +|s Com |sso o ||+s|| sc to|nou |nucst|on+vc|mcntc + m+|o|
|c|c|cnc|+ muno|+| cm b|ocombust|vc|s
|csmo com + suc|+io oc |oouio cm vo|umc oos ||^ com o ct+no| oc m|||o o ||+s||
c |ccon|cc|o+mcntc |nc|us|vc c|+ m+|o||+ o+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| o mc||o|
cxcm|o oc |oouio sustcnt+vc| sc,+ c|os cxcc|cntcs |no|c+oo|cs +mb|cnt+|s mco|oos o|
cxcm|o c|o otcnc|+| oc m|t|g+io oos g+scs oo c|c|to cstu|+ (C||) sc,+ c|+ |c|+io oc cnc|-
g|+ |cnov+vc| |oouz|o+ c|+ cnc|g|+ |oss|| ut|||z+o+ O |og|+m+ t+mbcm |o| um succsso sc mc-
o|oo c|os c||tc||os cconom|cos uc c|m|tcm uc + |oouio oc ct+no| oco||+ scm subs|o|os
gc|+noo cm|cgos c ||ucz+ s |cg|ocs |oouto|+s mc||o|+noo o +o|io tccn|co o+ +g||cu|tu|+
+ ||o|csso| |tu|+| o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |st+ou+| oc C+m|n+s C|uo oc ||s|c+ ^tom|c+ c |o|ccu|+|
. |||cto| oc || oo Ccnt|o oc |nc|g|+s ^|tc|n+t|v+s c |c|o ^mb|cntc
, Coo|ocn+oo| oc |c|+ocs |nst|tuc|on+|s c |ntc|n+c|on+|s o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |st+ou+| oc C+m|n+s
|+|co û|c||o ||n|c||o ||m+ |+noc| |cg|s ||m+ Vc|oc |c+| |u|s ûgusto |+|bos+ Co|tcz
:oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
c gc|+noo cconom|+ oc o|v|s+s c ct|o|co o uc c|m|tc +o +|s tc| su+s cont+s m+|s cu|||b|+-
o+s c |couz|| noss+ vu|nc|+b|||o+oc cnc|gct|c+
uoo |sso uc nio c ouco |o| conscgu|oo g|++s + um cs|o|o c octc|m|n+io oc |ongo |+zo
no ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc v+||co+ocs oc c+n+ +||c+io oc concc|tos oc |cc|c|+gcm oc |cs|ouos
not+o+mcntc o+ |c|t||||g+io com + v|n|++ g+n|os oc csc+|+ c bo+ |og|st|c+ to|n+noo oss|-
vc| + m+tc||+-||m+ sc| |oouz|o+ + custos occ|csccntcs |m+ct+noo os|t|v+mcntc os custos
g|ob+|s c |+zcnoo + c|+m+o+ cu|v+ oc +|cno|z+oo oo ct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| no ||+s|| um
c+so oc vc|o+oc||o succsso |o,c + |noust||+ suc|o+|coo|c||+ c|cscc c vcm (cc|c+ oc - ++)
mc||o|+noo + c+o+ +no su+ s|tu+io +t|+|noo |nvcst|mcntos sc |cnov+noo c cx+no|noo +|+
nov+s |cg|ocs sob|ctuoo +|+ o Cc||+oo b|+s||c||o onoc g|+nocs ocs+os +go|+ nos csc|+m
|o cnt+nto os ccn+||os uc sc +|cscnt+m |o,c no contcxto muno|+| co|oc+m +|+ o ||+s|| um+
oo|tun|o+oc un|c+' |m ||mc||o |ug+| o +umcnto oc ocm+no+ o| ct|o|co + custos c|csccntcs
sc,+ c|o csgot+mcnto o+s m+|o|cs |csc|v+s sc,+ c|+ cx|o|+io oc |ccu|sos m+|s c+|os como o
|c-s+| o| cxcm|o Out|o |+to| |uno+mcnt+| uc |mu|s|on+ cons|oc|+vc|mcntc +s |ontcs |cno-
v+vc|s oc cnc|g|+ c cm +|t|cu|+| os b|ocombust|vc|s c + ncccss|o+oc oc |couz|| +s cm|ssocs oos
g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ no munoo ooos os +|scs |mo|t+ntcs tcm um+ +gcno+ c|+|+ oc |couio
ocss+s cm|ssocs n+ m+|o||+ oos c+sos |o|tcmcntc |c|+c|on+o+s +o uso oc combust|vc|s |ossc|s +|+
ns cnc|gct|cos ^ +|tc|n+t|v+ oc su||mcnto oc |+|g+ csc+|+ m+|s |ov+vc| o c+|vio m|nc|+| tcm
otcnc|+| o|u|oo| +|no+ m+|o| uc o ct|o|co c +s c|+m+o+s tccno|og|+s CC (Caoco Ca:ae
aoa ::cae) +|no+ cstio num cst+g|o cmb||on+||o cmbo|+ sc,+ cst|+tcg|co ocscnvo|vc-|+s
|o|t+nto u+noo sc cx+m|n+m +s +|tc|n+t|v+s +o ct|o|co sob|ctuoo +|+ + subst|tu|io oc
combust|vc|s ||u|oos (o|csc| c g+so||n+ ||nc|+|mcntc) os b|ocombust|vc|s c cm +|t|cu|+| o
ct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| |cvc|+m-sc com um otcnc|+| |o|m|o+vc| O ct+no| oc c+n+ mc|ccc
um+ +tcnio cscc|+| o+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ n+c|on+| sc,+ c|+ |oout|v|o+oc g|ob+| mco|o+
cm ||t|os;|+;+no sc,+ c|o scu otcnc|+| oc m|t|g+io oos C|| sc,+ c|o uc ,+ |o| +|c+n+oo
sc,+ c|+s oss|b|||o+ocs |utu|+s Com m+|s con|cc|mcnto |nvcst|mcntos c c|scvc|+n+ o ct+-
no| oc c+n+ ooc sc |cvc|+| |uno+mcnt+| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo +|s |+ t+mbcm c |m-
o|t+ntc |css+|t+| out|os oo|s mc|c+oos |mo|t+ntcs +|+ o uso cnc|gct|co o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+| c
com cxcc|cntcs oss|b|||o+ocs no |utu|o + gc|+io oc c|ct||c|o+oc c + |oouio oc b|o|ooutos
como |+st|cos vc|ocs c tooo um |cuc oc |ooutos o+ b|o||cn+||+
||ct|v+mcntc cx|stcm bo+s c|+nccs oc mc|c+oo |utu|o +|+ +s c|+m+o+s cnc|g|+s vc|ocs |o
cnt+nto +|+ uc t+|s otcnc|+|s sc |c+||zcm c o +|s +|ovc|tc +s oo|tun|o+ocs ocvc-sc cons|-
oc|+| um +umcnto s|gn|c+t|vo o+ o|c|t+ |st+ ucstio oo +umcnto s|gn|c+t|vo o+ |oouio oc
c+n+ c ct+no| ++|ccc |cvcst|o+ oc g|+noc |mo|tnc|+ not+o+mcntc u+noo sc c|gunt+ u+|s
sio +s |m||c+ocs ocstc +umcnto no ||+s||
||oouio sustcnt+vc| cm |+|g+ csc+|+ oc ct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| no ||+s||
:o+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
1. O projeto de substituio de 10 da gasolina no mundo por
etanol de cana
|m o ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ |C |n+nc|ou o| mc|o oo Ccnt|o oc Ccstio
c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||) um +mb|c|oso cstuoo

(|||| c co|+bo|+oo|cs ) sob|c u+|s
sc||+m os |m+ctos c +s |m||c+ocs oc o ||+s|| v|| + |oouz|| suc|cntc ct+no| +|+ subst|tu|| o
cu|v+|cntc + oc too+ + g+so||n+ + sc| consum|o+ no munoo cm ou sc,+ ouco m+|s
oc b|||ocs oc ||t|os oc ct+no| |sso cu|v+|c + too+ g+so||n+ |oouz|o+ com o ct|o|co |o-
ouz|oo c|+ ^|+b|+ +uo|t+ |o,c |stc cstuoo coo|ocn+oo c|o |o|csso| |ogc||o Ccz+| oc Cc|-
uc||+ |c|tc oo |uc|co |ntc|o|sc|||n+| oc ||+nc,+mcnto |nc|gct|co (||||) o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oc
C+m|n+s (|n|c+m) conc|u|u uc s|m + +mb|c|os+ mct+ c|+ oss|vc| oc sc| +t|ng|o+
|+|+ t+nto |o| +ssum|oo um mooc|o oc |oouio conccb|oo com o uso o+ mc||o| tccno|o-
g|+ o|son|vc| +mbcm |o|+m cons|oc|+o+s +s |cst||ocs ^m+zon|+ +o |+nt+n+| s tc||+s
|no|gcn+s s |csc|v+s o|cst+|s c |oouio oc +||mcntos +|+ o mc|c+oo |ntc|no c cxtc|no
|m+ |cst||io tccno|og|c+ t+mbcm |mcoc +|no+ |o,c o uso o+s tc||+s com occ||v|o+oc su-
c||o| + |o mooc|o oc |oouio |oosto no cstuoo too+s +s ct++s +g||co|+s sc||+m
mcc+n|z+o+s com c+n+ co|||o+ scm uc|m+| o ct+no| sc||+ csco+oo cm +|coo|outos us+noo
+ |og|st|c+ o+ |+nsct|o c |oouz|oo oc |o|m+ +mb|cnt+|mcntc co||ct+ c soc|+|mcntc ,ust+
|nt|c os bcnc||c|os gc|+oos ocst+c+m-sc os u+sc ocz m|||ocs oc bons cm|cgos + |ntc||o||-
z+io oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto to|n+noo oss|vc| |m+g|n+| um g|+noc |og|+m+ oc ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto + +|t|| o+ |oouio oc ct+no| c t+mbcm o+ c|ct||c|o+oc oo b+g+o c o+ +||+ com
m+|s cnc|g|+ +|+ + ou|+io
|+s t+|vcz o m+|s |mo|t+ntc |csu|t+oo o+s csu|s+s |c+||z+o+s com o +o|o oo |C |o| tc|
cntcno|oo uc tooo o cs|o|o +|+ + |m|+nt+io ocssc |o,cto ooc||+ sc| bcm mcno| sc |ossc
|c|to um cs|o|o conccnt|+oo cm +|c+s cst|+tcg|c+s oc csu|s+ oc |o|m+ + |oouz|| m+|s com
mcnos |ccu|sos n+ncc||os c sob|ctuoo com mcnos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s cm um cs|o|o conccn-
t|+oo +|+ sc +t|ng|| + mct+ oos oc subst|tu|io sc||+m ncccss+||os cc|c+ oc m|||ocs oc
|cct+|cs +o|c|on+|s (+|cm oos m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs cu|t|v+oos com c+n+ cm ) |o cnt+nto
sc |ccu|sos n+ncc||os |osscm +|oc+oos oc |o|m+ conccnt|+o+ como |o|+m o| cxcm|o no
c|+m+oo ||o,cto |+n|+tt+n + mct+ ooc||+ sc| +t|ng|o+ com cc|c+ oc + mcnos ou sc,+
cc|c+ oc .. m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs |sso to|n+v+ c|+|+ + |mo|tnc|+ oc sc |nvcst|| m+|s cm C no
scto| c sob|ctuoo cm +|c+s uc uocsscm |m+ct+| |+vo|+vc|mcntc + sustcnt+b|||o+oc +mb|cn-
t+| cconom|c+ c soc|+| o+ |oouio oc ct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+|
:o:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
2. A criao do Laboratrio Nacional de Cincia e Tecnologia
do Bioetanol (CTBE)
|o| ncstc ccn+||o uc o ||n|stc||o oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ com o +o|o oo govc|no |coc|+|
|cso|vcu o+| too+ + ||o||o+oc +|+ + c||+io oc um novo ccnt|o oc csu|s+s |oc+oo no tcm+
ct+no| o |+bo|+to||o |+c|on+| oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ oo ||oct+no| (C||) O novo ccnt|o |ns-
t+|+oo cm C+m|n+s no .aoas oo |+bo|+to||o |+c|on+| oc |uz |nc|ot|on (|||) ocsoc oc-
zcmb|o oc tcm como ob,ct|vo cont||bu|| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+s
uc vio c|m|t|| +o ||+s|| m+ntc| + ||oc|+n+ c|cnt|c+ ncst+ |mo|t+ntc +|c+
|stc novo ccnt|o |n|c|+ su+s +t|v|o+ocs us+noo os mc||o|cs cc|cb|os o|son|vc|s no +|s c ,+
t|+b+||+ oc |o|m+ conccnt|+o+ cm c|nco |og|+m+s oc csu|s+ c|cnc|+ b+s|c+ +g||cu|tu|+ oc
b+|xo |m+cto tccno|og|+s oc convc|sio oc scguno+ gc|+io b|o||cn+||+ v||tu+| c sustcnt+b|||-
o+oc |m s|ntcsc c+o+ |og|+m+ ob,ct|v+ o+| um+ cont||bu|io |nov+oo|+ uc |o,ctc o ||+s|| c
nos m+ntcn|+ n+ ||oc|+n+ no scto| O C|| t|+b+||+ oc |o|m+ com|cmcnt+| c nio comct|t|-
v+ com os ccnt|os cx|stcntcs |+ comc+m + su|g|| +s +|cc||+s com +s cm|cs+s c un|vc|s|o+ocs
|m bom cxcm|o c + |+nt+ ||oto oo C|| uc |o| ocscn|+o+ +|+ |cccbc| c com+|t|||+| +
|n||+cst|utu|+ com cm|cs+s ||v+o+s c ub||c+s ooo o ub||co cxtc|no c conv|o+oo + v|| t|+-
b+||+| oc |o|m+ cooc|+t|v+ com cstc novo ccnt|o oo |C ^ c||+io oo C|| c um+ +io oc
|st+oo c co|oc+ o ||+s|| no |umo cc|to +|+ sc to|n+| o g|+noc +|s uc t+nto ocsc,+mos o|s c
||uto oo con|cc|mcnto oo nosso cs|o|o cm const|u|| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| +,uo+n-
oo +o mcsmo tcmo + gc|+| bons cm|cgos c o munoo + +mcn|z+| +s cm|ssocs oos C||
3. A estratgia de CT&I do etanol de cana-de-acar
|m ||mc||o |ug+| c |mo|t+ntc uc sc cons|oc|c uc + sustcnt+b|||o+oc cconom|c+ soc|+| c +m-
b|cnt+| oc |ongo |+zo ocvc sc| o +||cc|cc ocst+ |noust||+ no |utu|o oo+ + |oouio ocvc sc|
|c+||z+o+ cons|oc|+noo-sc cstcs +scctos |mc|+t|vos sc,+ +|+ + |o||+ |noust||+ tc| +t|+cntcs
m+|gcns oc |cto|no cono|io s oe aa oco +|+ tooo |occsso |oout|vo sc,+ +|+ |oouz||
scm +g|co|| + +tmos|c|+ os |ccu|sos ||o||cos o so|o + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c sob|ctuoo c||+noo um+
cono|io o|gn+ +|+ tooos +uc|cs cnvo|v|oos o||ct+ ou |no||ct+mcntc n+ |oouio
| o+ +g||cu|tu|+ uc vcm + m+tc||+-||m+ oo ct+no| | t+mbcm ocss+ m+tc||+-||m+ uc vcm
os m+|o|cs custos (- oos custos g|ob+|s oc |oouio oo ct+no|) c t+mbcm os m+|o|cs g+|-
g+|os |oouio sustcnt+vc| o|t+nto ocvc sc| + +|t|| ocst+ +n+||sc uc ocvc sc| const|u|o+
um+ nov+ m+tc||+-||m+ c um+ nov+ +g||cu|tu|+ c++zcs oc +tcnoc| +os cx|gcntcs |cu|s|tos |m-
ostos +os b|ocombust|vc|s cm gc|+| |ss+ nov+ +g||cu|tu|+ ocvc sc| conccb|o+ +|+ |otcgc| o
||oouio sustcnt+vc| cm |+|g+ csc+|+ oc ct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| no ||+s||
:o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
so|o su+ m+|o| ||ucz+ ||otcgc| o so|o c us+| |c|t|||z+ntcs oc |o|m+ |+c|on+| c com um mc||o|
con|cc|mcnto o+ nut||io o+ c+n+ c o+ +||c+io co||ct+ oc |nsumos no c+mo ,+ sio |mo|-
t+ntcs +ssos O |+nt|o o||cto ooc co|+bo|+| mu|to' c|+ |m+ctos n+ |couio o+ c|osio n+
o|m|nu|io oc uso oc co||ct|vos oc |c|t|||z+ntcs c t+mbcm |o|c|+|+ mc||o| ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|+o|cu|+| c m+|o| um|o+oc com o oa'.no oo+ um+ nov+ +g||cu|tu|+ o+ c+n+ ocvc sc| cons-
t|u|o+ + +|t|| ocstcs concc|tos m+|s cnc|g|+ com mcno| |m+cto |oc+| c g|ob+|
|os |occssos oc convc|sio + mcsm+ |og|c+ ocvc sc| c|scgu|o+ ^ +|t|| oo momcnto uc +
c+n+ c co|||o+ |n|c|+m-sc +s c|o+s ooos os |occssos uc succocm + co||c|t+ ocvcm sc| o|g+-
n|z+oos c |+nc,+oos oc |o|m+ + |csc|v+| os g+n|os obt|oos no c+mo |sso ocvc oco||c| ocsoc
+ co||c|t+ t|+nso|tc +tc + us|n+ c ostc||o| |occss+mcnto |io sc ooc conccbc| ou +cc|t+|
|occssos uc |couz+m ou ||m|tcm os g+n|os ,+ conscgu|oos |+ uc sc |ccon|ccc| uc + |n-
oust||+ oo ct+no| c um+ |noust||+ oc cnc|g|+ c o|t+nto |cssuoc sc| sustcnt+vc| t+mbcm n+
convc|sio |noust||+| c cm scus ocsoob|+mcntos +tc c|cg+| +o consum|oo| n+|
| |mo|t+ntc uc sc |ccon|c+ uc mu|tos |occssos |noust||+|s |o|+m conccb|oos +|+ um+
|noust||+ oc +||mcnto o +uc+| c nio cx+t+mcntc +|+ um+ |noust||+ oc cnc|g|+ como + oo
ct+no| cm uc os c||tc||os sio out|os |o c+so +go|+ uc + |noust||+ oo ct+no| v+| sc |m+noo
m+|s como um+ |noust||+ cnc|gct|c+ cst+ tcm uc tc| scus sub|occssos +v+||+oos oc mooo +
nio com|omctc| + sustcnt+b|||o+oc oo con,unto
|m |mo|t+ntc |+to| + sc cons|oc|+| n+ cst|+tcg|+ o+ |noust||+ oo ct+no| b|+s||c||o c + |+|t+ oc
con|cc|mcnto cm c|cnc|+s b+s|c+s n+ suc|+io oos g+|g+|os tccno|og|cos ^ comc+| c|+
|otoss|ntcsc |c+io-mic o+ b|om+ss+ ouco con|cc|o+ ouco oom|n+o+ +|no+ c|os c|cn-
t|st+s Os ocs+os vio t+mbcm gcnom|c+ o+ c+n+ +os scus +scctos |unc|on+|s |io s+bc-
mos +|no+ como const|u|| um+ c+n+ |munc s oocn+s to|c|+ntc scc+ uc usc oc |o|m+
ot|m+ scus |nsumos ^ |+|t+ oc con|cc|mcnto b+s|co +ss+ c|o cont|o|c b|o|og|co c|+ nut||-
io vcgct+| c t+mbcm c|os +scctos oc cngcn|+||+ ||g+oos |oouio como com+ct+io
oo so|o c |og|st|c+ oc t|+nso|tc
|o mb|to |noust||+| os ocs+os o+s c|cnc|+s b+s|c+s nio sio mcnos |mo|t+ntcs |+|t+m scnso-
|cs cm |+t|c+mcntc tooos os |occssos |noust||+|s (c t+mbcm +g||co|+s) |ouco sc s+bc sob|c o
mct+bo||smo oc |cvcou|+s sob|c + +io o+s cnz|m+s sob|c o uso cc|cntc oc cnc|g|+ n+ |noust||+
|ouc+s tcm s|oo +s |nov+ocs uc t|+ns|o|m+|+m |+o|c+|mcntc + |noust||+ n+s u|t|m+s occ+o+s ^s
mc||o||+s tcm s|oo m+|s |nc|cmcnt+|s como o mc||o|+mcnto gcnct|co uc tcm |o|c|+oo um
g+n|o u+nt|t+t|vo |+ too+ um+ nov+ |noust||+ o| sc| conccb|o+ com mooc|nos |occssos oc
convc|sio como + g+sc|c+io ||o||sc c ||o|o||sc csscnc|+s +|+ + |noust||+ oo |utu|o
:o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
4. Principais iniciativas de pesquisas em cana e etanol no Brasil
|o ||+s|| v+||+s sio +s |n|c|+t|v+s oc csu|s+ c |nov+io no c+mo oo ct+no| oc c+n+ Os m+|s
t|+o|c|on+|s sio Ccnt|o oc ccno|og|+ C+n+v|c||+ (CC) ccnt|o oc csu|s+s ||v+oo ||ocs+
|coc ub||co;||v+o+ oc mc||o|+mcnto gcnct|co oc c+n+ |nst|tuto ^g|onom|co oc C+m|n+s
(|^C) ccnt|o ub||co oc csu|s+s +g|onom|c+s un|vc|s|o+ocs ub||c+s |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc
|ct|o|og|+ |o|m+||z+io c u+||o+oc |noust||+| (|nmct|o) cc|t|c+io |+|s |cccntcmcntc ou-
t|+s |n|c|+t|v+s |omctcm mu|to n+ suc|+io o+s ucstocs ,+ +bo|o+o+s ncstc tcxto ^s m+|s
|mo|t+ntcs sio |+bo|+to||o |+c|on+| oc C oo ||oct+no| (C||;|C) |m|cs+ ||+s||c||+ oc
|csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+ (|mb|++) +g|ocnc|g|+ ||og|+m+ oc ||ocnc|g|+ o+ |uno+io oc ô|o
|csu|s+ oo |st+oo oc io |+u|o (|+cs;||ocn)
^|cm ocstcs o|g+n|z+-sc n+s un|vc|s|o+ocs oo cst+oo oc io |+u|o o Ccnt|o |+u||st+ oc ||ocnc|-
g|+ |stc ccnt|o n+scc como ||uto o+ cooc|+io cnt|c o govc|no oo cst+oo uc cont||bu| com
|ccu|sos +|+ |n||+cst|utu|+ +s t|cs un|vc|s|o+ocs (|| |n|c+m c |ncs) com cont|+t+io oc
novos ooccntcs;csu|s+oo|cs c + |+cs uc co|oc+ |ccu|sos +|+ csu|s+ ^s +|c+s oc con-
ccnt|+io sio +s mcsm+s oo ||ocn
||om+ss+ +|+ b|ocnc|g|+ (com |oco cm c+n+-oc-+uc+|)
||occsso oc |+b||c+io oc b|ocombust|vc|s
||o||cn+||+s c +|coo|u|m|c+
^||c+ocs oo ct+no| +|+ moto|cs +utomot|vos moto|cs oc combustio |ntc|n+ c cc|u|+s-
-combust|vc| c
|csu|s+ sob|c |m+ctos soc|occonom|cos +mb|cnt+|s c uso o+ tc||+
| n+tu|+| o|t+nto uc sc c|guntc o uc ocvc sc| |c|to ou u+| ocvc sc| o +c| oos o|gios oc
|omcnto csu|s+ ou +os |o||os csu|s+oo|cs cnvo|v|oos n+ csu|s+ ||g+o+ c+oc|+ |oou-
t|v+ oo ct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| omcntc um cs|o|o comb|n+oo cnt|c os o|gios oc |omcnto
csu|s+ com o scto| ||v+oo conscgu||+ g+|+nt|| um novo c|c|o v||tuoso oc con|cc|mcnto
|nov+io c ||ucz+ +|+ o ct+no| oc c+n+ no ||+s||
Referncias
|^|||;||ocn |tt;;www|+csb|;m+tc||+;;csu|s+-+|+-|nov+c+o;|og|+m+-|+cs-oc-csu|-
s+-cm-b|ocnc|g|+-b|ocn-|tm
CO||z |^| (coo|o) ||oct+no| oc C+n+-oc-ûc+| || +|+ |oout|v|o+oc c sustcnt+b|||o+oc |||
---- |o|to|+ ||uc|c| io |+u|o
|||| |CC (Coo|o) ||oct+no| Combust|vc| um+ oo|tun|o+oc +|+ o ||+s||
|||| e: a' |nc|gy () -
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Insero do Brasil nos biocombustveis aeronuticos
Walter Bartels
1. A aviao civil e o meio ambiente

^ |cocu+io o+ +v|+io c|v|| com + su+ |ntc|+io com o mc|o +mb|cntc cm occo||cnc|+ o+
g|+noc v|s|b|||o+oc oo |c|c||oo mc|o oc t|+nso|tc c c+|+ctc||st|c+s oos scus vc|cu|os comcou
n+ mct+oc oo sccu|o +ss+oo +|t|cu|+|mcntc com + |nt|oouio cm |+|g+ csc+|+ oos +v|ocs oc
t|+nso|tc +c|co |ou|s|on+oos o| moto|cs + ,+to
|m occo||cnc|+ o+ cxtcnsio oo tcc|oo u|b+no o+s c|o+ocs c||cuno+noo os +c|oo|tos cm gc-
|+| |oc+||z+oos |n|c|+|mcntc |ongc o+s +|c+s ccnt|+|s u|b+n+s +s ucstocs oc |u|oo c oc cm|ssio
oc +|t|cu|+oos |o|+m o |oco oc +tcnio octc|m|n+noo o cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc ||m|t+ocs +|+
o|m|nu|io oos c|c|tos t|+ns|o|m+noo os +o|ocs +oot+oos cm |cgu|+mcntos |ntc|n+c|on+|s
^ o|st|nio cnt|c os vc|cu|os +c|cos c os oos t|+nso|tcs tc||cst|cs c +u+v|+||os c uc os ||-
mc||os cxccto uc no |n|c|o c no m oc scu t|+,cto |+zcm uso oc suc|||c|cs oc |o|+mcnto no
so|o const|ocm o| mc|os |o||os no cs+o +s su+s |+|x+s oc |o|+mcnto (+||+s scm +cost+-
mcnto) o|t+nto nio cx|stcm ||ontc||+s ||s|c+s no scu ocs|oc+mcnto |sso octc|m|nou + c||+io
cm +,|| oc um+ +gcnc|+ |ntc|n+c|on+| +|+ t|+t+| oos +ssuntos o+ +v|+io c|v|| + O|g+n|z+io
o+ ^v|+io C|v|| |ntc|n+c|on+| (O^C|)
+ |||cto| ||cs|ocntc o+ ^ssoc|+io o+s |noust||+s ^c|ocs+c|+| oo ||+s|| (^|^|)
\+|tc| |+|tc|s
:oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
Os ob,ct|vos ||nc|+|s o+ O^C| sio + o|g+n|z+io muno|+| oo t|+nso|tc +c|co o| mc|o oc
||nc||os c tccn|c+s comuns oc n+vcg+io +c|c+ oc cc|t|c+io oc +c|on+vcs c oc const|uio
oc +c|oo|tos v|s+noo cst+bc|ccc| +o|ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s comuns +|+ + scgu|+n+ + cc|cnc|+
+ cconom|+ oos sc|v|os +c|cos c + o|m|nu|io oc o+nos +o mc|o +mb|cntc
^s +t|v|o+ocs o+ O^C| |c|+t|v+s +o mc|o +mb|cntc sio |c+||z+o+s o| um scto| o+ O^C| oc-
nom|n+oo Ccao.'s Ccoo::ee co ^.a:co |o.cooeo:a' |c:e.:co (C^||) const|tu|oo o|
obsc|v+oo|cs oos +|scs s|gn+t+||os o+s o|g+n|z+ocs |ntc|govc|n+mcnt+|s c oc cnt|o+ocs |c|c-
scnt+t|v+s o+ |noust||+ +c|on+ut|c+ oo t|+nso|tc +c|co |cgu|+| c nio |cgu|+| oos |ovcoo|cs oc
sc|v|os oc cont|o|c oc t|+|cgo +c|co c +c|oo|tu+||o o u+| coo|ocn+ cm mb|to muno|+| +s
ucstocs oc |u|oo oc +c|on+vcs c cm|ssocs |oouz|o+s o| moto|cs;tu|b|n+s +c|on+ut|c+s cnt|c
+s u+|s +o|ocs |c|+t|vos + |Ox ocsoc
|o| oc+s|io oo +co|oo oc |yoto cons|oc|+noo uc o |c|c||oo t|+t+oo |csons+b|||z+ somcntc
os +|scs + O^C| |o| nc|c ocs|gn+o+ como |csons+vc| +|+ t|+t+| o+s cm|ssocs cxt|+-||ontc||+s
|c|+t|v+s +o c|c|to cstu|+ oo t|+nso|tc +c|co |ntc|n+c|on+|
|o onto oc v|st+ oc cm|ssocs oc CO
o t|+nso|tc muno|+| +|t|c|+ com (b+sc )

|nt|ct+nto |+zcnoo um+ |o,cio oc scu c|csc|mcnto +tc congc|+noo + s|tu+io |c-
scntc (o uc nio tcm oco|||oo como sc|+ cv|ocnc|+oo cm scgu|o+) su+ +|t|c|+io sc||+ oc
+|ox|m+o+mcntc
^ c|t+o+ +|t|cu|+||o+oc oc +v|+io cn|+t|z+ + cno|mc |ntc|+io cnt|c os |o|ncccoo|cs o+s
+c|on+vcs oos sc|v|os +c|cos oos sc|v|os oc cont|o|c oc t|+|cgo +c|co c os oc sc|v|os +c-
|oo|tu+||os +|+ o|c|ccc| cm ||mc||o |ug+| + scgu|+n+ o m|n|mo oc o+no +mb|cnt+| c +
cc|cnc|+ oo t|+nso|tc +c|co |o,c |c||+mcnt+ csscnc|+| c |no|scns+vc| +|+ o c|csc|mcnto
o+ cconom|+ muno|+|
2. Aviao civil emisses e condicionantes do seu veculo
^ cm|ssio oc CO
no t|+nso|tc +c|co occo||c oo consumo oc combust|vc| c|+s +c|on+vcs c

no +ss+oo |+zocs oc mc|c+oo vo|t+o+s +o +umcnto o+ cc|cnc|+ oo uso oc cnc|g|+ ut|||z+o+
octc|m|n+|+m + o|m|nu|io n+ u|t|m+ mct+oc oo sccu|o +ss+oo cm oo combust|vc| g+sto
o| +sscnto o|son|vc| nos +v|ocs comc|c|+|s ^ |nc|usio oc +c|on+vcs c+o+ vcz m+|s mooc|n+s
b+|xou o consumo oc ||t|os o| +ss+gc||o; |m cm +|+ ||t|os o| +ss+gc||o;
|m cm como most|+oo n+ ||gu|+ c|c|cnc|+ s|m||+| oc c+||os oc +ssc|o o|cm + vc-
|oc|o+oc ocz vczcs m+|o|
|nsc|io oo ||+s|| nos b|ocombust|vc|s +c|on+ut|cos
:o)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
2
4
6
8
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
8 litros por
Pax/100 Km
5 litros por
Pax/100 Km
Novas geraes
de aeronaves
3 litros por
Pax/100 Km
|lgura +. Consumo oc combust|vc| o| +ss+gc||o
^ c|cv+o+ sost|c+io tccno|og|c+ ncccss+||+ +|+ +umcnt+| + scgu|+n+ c + cc|cnc|+ cnc|gc-
t|c+ o+s +c|on+vcs |m||c+ |ongo c|c|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c c|cv+oo custo |o||o |nt||nscco
o+ |cscct|v+ tccno|og|+ to|n+noo +s +c|on+vcs um bcm oc c+|t+| oc custo cxt|cm+mcntc
c|cv+oo o uc cx|gc um+ |ong+ v|o+ ut|| +|+ + |cnt+b|||o+oc oo |cscct|vo |nvcst|mcnto |m
tc|mos s|m|cs + un|o+oc oo |oouto o|c|cc|oo c|+s cm|cs+s +c|c+s +os scus c||cntcs um
+sscnto o|son|vc| cust+ cc|c+ oc | + m|| cm tc|mos oc c+|t+| |nvcst|oo ^ ||n|+
oc |oouio oc um t|o oc +v|io cstcnoc-sc o| +nos c +c|csccnt+-sc + |sso um+ v|o+ ut||
oc +nos o uc c|m|tc uc + ||ot+ (c su+ tccno|og|+) tcn|+ um+ c|m+ncnc|+ oc +|ox|-
m+o+mcntc +nos no mc|c+oo
^ conscucnc|+ ocss+ cono|c|on+ntc |m||c+ uc o combust|vc| |o,c us+oo cm tooo o mun-
oo c un|co uc|oscnc oc +v|+io (o||gcm |oss||) cons+g|+oo c|+s su+s u+||o+ocs c o|so-
n|b|||o+oc muno|+| ^ss|m |o,c nio c oss|vc| ou |cv|sto su+ subst|tu|io o| out|o t|o oc
combust|vc|
3. Aes da aviao civil mundial referente ao meio ambiente
^s cnt|o+ocs muno|+|s uc |c|cscnt+m os u+t|o comoncntcs o+ +v|+io c|v|| c uc sio |n-
tc|cnocntcs no |occsso uc v|s+ mc||o|+| + cc|cnc|+ oo uso oc combust|vc|s sio |o:eoa
:coa' ^ aosc: ^ssc.a:co (|^^) uc |c|cscnt+ + |noust||+ oc t|+nso|tc +c|co |o:e
oa:coa' Cccaoa:o Ccao.' c/ êcsa.e |oaas:es ^ssc.a:cos (|CC^|^) uc |c|cscnt+ +s
\+|tc| |+|tc|s
:os
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
+ssoc|+ocs oc |noust||+s +c|ocs+c|+|s ^c:s Ccao.' |o:eoa:coa' (^C|) uc |c|cscnt+ os
+c|oo|tos |ntc|n+c|on+|s C.' ^ à.a:co :e..e Oaosa:co (C^|O) uc |c|cscnt+ os
|o|ncccoo|cs oc sc|v|os oc cont|o|c oc t|+|cgo +c|co |m coo|ocn+io com + O^C| +|cscnt+-
|+m o|c|+|mcntc cm o scgu|ntc com|om|sso
|m+ +bo|o+gcm scto||+| g|ob+| +|+ um |ob|cm+ g|ob+|
^ O^C| |csons+vc| c|+ ||oc|+n+ n+ gcstio o+s cm|ssocs o+ +v|+io
Com|omct|mcnto o+ |noust||+ o+ ^v|+io C|v|| muno|+|
|c||o||+ mco|+ o| +no cm tc|mos oc c|c|cnc|+ cnc|gct|c+ +tc
Ob||g+io oc c|csc|mcnto ncut|o oc c+|bono (CO
) + +|t|| oc
|couio +bso|ut+ cm o+s cm|ssocs oc CO
cm cm com+|+io com os n|-

vc|s oc oo u+| c+bc ocst+c+| oo|s ||nc||os |uno+mcnt+|s + nio cx|stcnc|+ oc
occ|socs un||+tc|+|s o| +|scs ; |cg|ocs c + ||oc|+n+ o+ O^C| no |occsso
:o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|+|+ v|su+||z+io oo |c|c||oo com|om|sso + ||gu|+ +|cscnt+ os caaoas (c+m|n|os) uc +
+v|+io c|v|| +||c+|+ +|+ +|c+n+| scus ob,ct|vos
Manuteno da situao presente
Emisses de CO2 em 2020 - Congeladas
Tragetria prevista de emisses
Melhorias em tecnologia, operaes e infraestrutura
Biocombustvel e futuras tecnologias
2005 2050 2020

2030 2040
E
m
i
s
s
e
s
d
e

C
O
2
2010

.
-50% em
2050
|lgura :. |caaoa o+ +v|+io c|v|| +|+ |couio oc cm|ssocs
|+ |c|c||o+ gu|+ c+bc ocst+c+| oo|s ontos
O ||mc||o g+n|o + +|t|| oc cm cm|ssocs sc|+ o uso oc nov+s tccno|og|+s ,+ oc-
scnvo|v|o+s +|+ os +v|ocs + subst|tu|io oc +v|ocs +nt|gos c |ncc|cntcs c mc||o||+s no
t|+|cgo +c|co c n+ oc|+io oc +c|oo|tos
O scgunoo g+n|o + +|t|| oc sc|+ o uso oc b|ocombust|vc|s no c+so b|ouc|osc-
nc ou sc,+ uc|oscnc obt|oo oc b|om+ss+s o||gcm |cnov+vc| uc ocvc|+ tc| +s mcsm+s
c+|+ctc||st|c+s oo uc|oscnc |oss|| c ooc|+ ||c sc| m|stu|+oo c + |nc|usio oc |utu|+s tcc-
no|og|+s +c|on+ut|c+s o uc c|m|t||+ cm o cu|v+|cntc o|m|nu|io oc cm|ssocs
CO
cm com+|+oo com o +no oc

\+|tc| |+|tc|s
:)o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
^ con|+n+ n+ m|stu|+ oc oc b|ouc|oscnc com uc|oscnc |oss|| c b+sc+o+ cm c|nco
voos oc ocmonst|+io ,+ |c+||z+o+ us+noo o||c|cntcs +v|ocs comc|c|+|s c o|vc|s+s |ontcs oc
b|om+ss+s (m|stu|+o+s ou |so|+o+s) b+b+u coco |n|io m+nso (,+t|o|+) +|g+s c c+mc||n+
tooos com succsso cv|ocnc|+noo + v|+b|||o+oc
|nt|ct+nto |cst+ um |ongo c|cu|so +|+ t|+ns|o|m+| + csc+|+ oc |oouio |+bo|+to||+| +|+ +s
|noust||+s + cm|ssio o+s no|m+s +|+ cc|t|c+io oc b|ouc|oscnc cm s| c o+ su+ mcsc|+gcm
com uc|oscnc |oss|| c os |cscct|vos cns+|os c tcstcs oc u+||c+io
^ |noust||+ +c|on+ut|c+ cst+ c|scgu|noo out|os +|vos cm |c|+io +o mc|o +mb|cntc +|+ +v|ocs
+ sc|cm |oouz|oos + +|t|| o+ tc|cc||+ occ+o+ oo |cscntc sccu|o com |cv|sio oc um+ |cou-
io oc |Ox m+|o| uc c oc |u|oo m+|o| uc
4. Aes da aviao civil brasileira biocombustveis
O ||+s|| c |ccon|cc|oo muno|+|mcntc como +|s |ccu|so| oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto c uso cm
|+|g+ csc+|+ oo b|oct+no| cm vc|cu|os tc||cst|cs c su+ +o|io g+so||n+ +|+ o|m|nu|io oc
o|ucntcs | t+mbcm o |onc||o oo uso com cc|t|c+io c|+ ^gcnc|+ |+c|on+| oc ^v|+io
C|v|| (^|^C) oo b|oct+no| cm moto|cs + |stio +c|on+ut|cos c+so oo +v|io +g||co|+ |+nc-
m+ o+ |mb|+c|
^ |o||t|c+ oo |cscnvo|v|mcnto ||oout|vo |noust||+ ^c|on+ut|c+ sc|cc|onou v+||+s +|c+s cst|+-
tcg|c+s +|+ csu|s+ ocscnvo|v|mcnto c |nov+io +|+ o |c|c||oo cnt|c os u+|s combust|vc|s
+|tc|n+t|vos +|+ + +v|+io
O Cong|csso ||+s||c||o o| su+ vcz +co||cu o ||o,cto oc |c| n ; |oosto c|o |cs|-
ocntc o+ ||cntc |+||+mcnt+| cm |c|cs+ o+ |noust||+ ^c|on+ut|c+ ||+s||c||+ |xmo | |cut+oo
|coc|+| |+|cc|o O|t|z uc ||soc sob|c + c||+io oo ||og|+m+ |+c|on+| oc ||ouc|oscnc
como |nccnt|vo sustcnt+b|||o+oc +mb|cnt+| o+ +v|+io b|+s||c||+ c o+ out|+s |ov|ocnc|+s'
|u+s cm|cs+s +c|c+s b|+s||c||+s |+|io cnt|c c voos oc ocmonst|+io oc v|+b|||o+oc
tccn|c+ oo uso oc m|stu|+ oc oc b|ouc|oscnc ocscnvo|v|oo no ||+s|| + s+bc|
^| ||n|+s ^c|c+s ;^
:)+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^v|ocs ^||bus ^ moto|cs C||-| m|stu|+ oc b|ouc|oscnc obt|oo oo |n|io
m+nso (,+t|o|+)
^zu| ||n|+s ^c|c+s ||+s||c||+s
^v|io |mb|+c| | moto| C|-| m|stu|+ oc b|ouc|oscnc oc c+n+-oc-+uc+|
obt|oo o| |c|mcnt+io
|m oc m+|o oc |o| |o|m+o+ + ^||+n+ ||+s||c||+ +|+ ||ocombust|vc|s oc ^v|+io (^b|+-
b+) comost+ o| cm|cs+s +c|c+s |+b||c+ntcs oc +c|on+vcs cnt|o+ocs oc csu|s+ oc b|o-
combust|vc|s c |oouto|cs oc b|om+ss+s (^|||| ^|^| ^|C^| ^my||s ^zu| |mb|+c| Co|
+m || c |n|c+)
u+ |oos|io c uc + ut|||z+io oc b|ocombust|vc|s sustcnt+vc|s |oouz|oos + +|t|| oc
b|om+ss+s c |uno+mcnt+| +|+ m+ntc| o c|csc|mcnto o+ |noust||+ oc +v|+io cm um+ ccono-
m|+ oc b+|x+ cm|ssio oc c+|bono ^ |ccon|cc|o+ c++c|o+oc oo ||+s|| cm ocscnvo|vc| |ontcs
cnc|gct|c+s +|tc|n+t|v+s +||+o+ +o con|cc|mcnto o+s tccno|og|+s +c|on+ut|c+s |csu|t+|+ cm
um s|gn|c+t|vo g+n|o +|+ o mc|o +mb|cntc m|n|m|z+noo o |m+cto sob|c o ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto cconom|co
5. Concluso
O ||+s|| c |ccon|cc|oo muno|+|mcntc como +|s |ccu|so| no ocscnvo|v|mcnto c uso cm |+|-
g+ csc+|+ oc b|ocombust|vc|s b|oct+no| (|nc|us|vc n+ +v|+io gc|+|) c b|oo|csc| ^ so|uio ||-
mo|o|+| csco|||o+ c|+ +v|+io c|v|| muno|+| v|s+noo |couz|| cm oc um+ |o|m+ +bso|ut+
su+s cm|ssocs oc c+|bono cm c o uso oc b|ouc|oscnc (aco) ocv|o+mcntc cc|t|c+-
oo |oouz|oo + +|t|| oc b|om+ss+s o|vc|s+s
|m occo||cnc|+ nosso +|s nio ooc |csc|no|| oc um+ |cscn+ |o|tc n+ +|c+ oc b|ocom-
bust|vc|s +c|on+ut|cos sob cn+ oc no |utu|o to|n+|-sc occnocntc oc |mo|t+ocs o|s o
scu uso sc|+ um+ cx|gcnc|+ muno|+| ^ ^|^| cm nomc o+ ^b|+b+ vcm o|t+nto co|oc+| cm
|oco o| oc+s|io o+ | Con|c|cnc|+ |+c|on+| oc C|cnc|+ ccno|og|+ c |nov+io + ucstio o+
ncccss|o+oc b|+s||c||+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s |o||+s +|+ b|ouc|oscnc obt|oo
+ +|t|| o+ g|+noc o|vc|s|o+oc oc b|om+ss+s cx|stcntcs no +|s s|m||+|mcntc +o uc cst+ scn-
oo |c+||z+oo cm +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Relatrio da sesso Energias alternativas e
potencial da energia solar fotovoltaica no Brasil
Ricardo Rther
1. Introduo
^ cnc|g|+ c um oos ||nc|+|s ||+|cs oc sustcnt+io oo +o|io oc v|o+ o+s soc|co+ocs |nous-
t||+|s |+ mco|o+ cm uc + ou|+io muno|+| c|cscc c os c|o+oios +|mc,+m um+ m+|o| u+-
||o+oc oc v|o+ +s u+nt|o+ocs oc cnc|g|+ ncccss+||+s m+nutcnio oos sc|v|os +ssoc|+oos +
cstcs +o|ocs oc consumo tcnocm + c|cscc| ^ o|son|b|||o+oc oc |ccu|sos nio |cnov+vc|s cm
+|t|cu|+| oos combust|vc|s ||u|oos tcnoc +o csgot+mcnto +o mcsmo tcmo cm uc +scctos
+mb|cnt+|s ucst|on+m o uso c|csccntc ocstcs |nsumos
|cstc contcxto + ut|||z+io oc +g|ocombust|vc|s ou b|ocombust|vc|s tcm s|oo +|cscnt+o+
como so|uio uc ooc +tcnoc| +o mcnos no |utu|o |ox|mo t+nto +os +scctos |c|+c|on+oos
oc|cio u+nto o+s cm|ssocs |c|+c|on+o+s +os combust|vc|s |ossc|s |o cnt+nto +s |o,cocs
oc c|csc|mcnto oo consumo oc combust|vc|s ||u|oos +|+ + |ou|sio vc|cu|+| cv|ocnc|+m uc
+ so|uio oos +g|ocombust|vc|s ocvc sc| cons|oc|+o+ como cxcc|cntc tccno|og|+ oc t|+ns|io
+ocu+o+ somcntc +|+ um cu|to c||ooo o+ ||sto||+ o+ |um+n|o+oc c uc um+ muo+n+ oc
+|+o|gm+ sc |+z ncccss+||+ +|+ uc os +o|ocs oc ut|||z+io o|+ cm vog+ sc oss+m m+ntc|
|st+ scssio tcm+t|c+ +|cscntou + m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ b|+s||c||+ c muno|+| os +g|ocombust|vc|s
+|+ + |ou|sio vc|cu|+| c +c|on+ut|c+ c + gc|+io so|+| |otovo|t+|c+ c su+s |m||c+ocs n+ gc|+-
io oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ +|+ +tcnoc| co|c+ocs c t+mbcm +|+ + |ou|sio oc vc|cu|os c|ct||cos
+ ||o|csso| oo |+bo|+to||o oc |c|cnc|+ |nc|gct|c+ cm |o|c+ocs o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oc +nt+ C+t+||n+ (||C)
||c+|oo |ut|c|
:)
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
cm um |utu|o |ox|mo |st+s tccno|og|+s tcm |cccb|oo |nvcst|mcntos cons|oc|+vc|s cm csu|-
s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto uc ocvcm sc |ntcns|c+| +o |ongo oos |ox|mos +nos c o ocs+o +ss+ +
sc| cntio + |couio oc custos +ssoc|+o+ |oouio cm m+ss+ ^mb+s +s tccno|og|+s ocmons-
t|+|+m su+ v|+b|||o+oc tccn|c+ c tcm otcnc|+| oc comct|t|v|o+oc cconom|c+ com +s tccno|o-
g|+s t|+o|c|on+|s sc |oouz|o+s cm g|+noc csc+|+
|m tc|mos oc m+n+nc|+| + |csost+ ocn|t|v+ +|+ os |ob|cm+s cnc|gct|cos o+ |um+n|o+oc
n+scc too+s +s m+n|is c +|+ tooos cm mcnos oc um+ |o|+ |nc|oc sob|c nosso |+nct+ m+|s
cnc|g|+ |ovcn|cntc oo o| oo uc tooo o consumo +nu+| oc cnc|g|+ oc too+ + |um+n|o+oc ^
|oouio oc +g|ocombust|vc|s c um+ o+s |o|m+s +tu+|s oc +|ovc|t+mcnto ocstc g|g+ntcsco
m+n+nc|+| c + gc|+io oc c|ct||c|o+oc so|+| sc +|cscnt+ como um+ o+s |o|m+s m+|s c|cg+n-
tcs c |om|sso|+s oc |oouio oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ cm |+|g+ csc+|+ no |utu|o |ox|mo |cst+
scssio |o|+m +|cscnt+oos os v+||os +scctos |c|+c|on+oos +o uso ocst+s |ontcs +|tc|n+t|v+s
c bcn|gn+s cm g|+noc csc+|+
^ scssio tcvc |n|c|o s | com um+ +uo|cnc|+ suc||o| c++c|o+oc oc |ug+|cs scnt+oos o+
s+|+ ( |ug+|cs) |no|c+noo uc o tcm+ ocsc|tou um |ntc|cssc m+|o| oo uc o |cv|sto c|+ o|-
g+n|z+io oo cvcnto ^ntcs oo |n|c|o o+ scssio o coo|ocn+oo| |o|csso| |u|z ûgusto |+|bos+
Co|tcz so||c|tou +os ocm+|s mcmb|os o+ mcs+ sugcstocs oc cnc+m|n|+mcnto c cou occ|o|oo
uc + o|ocm o+s +|cscnt+ocs sc||+ +|tc|+o+ |o| |c|cscnt+| o ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c |nc|g|+
(|||) uc coo|ocn+ +ocs cst|+tcg|c+s c oc |+nc,+mcnto no mb|to oc too+s +s |ontcs |c-
nov+vc|s oc cnc|g|+ + ||mc||+ +|cscnt+io cou +o c+|go oo cc|ct+||o oc ||+nc,+mcnto oo
||| | ^|t|no Vcntu|+ |+|+noo sob|c + o||t|c+ cnc|gct|c+ b|+s||c||+ cm scgu|o+ |+|ou o |o-
|csso| Co|tcz o|scu|s+noo sob|c o tcm+ ct+no| no ||+s|| o tc|cc||o +|cst|+ntc |o| o | \+|tc|
|+|tc|s com o tcm+ b|ocombust|vc|s +|tc|n+t|vos c + u|t|m+ +|cscnt+io |o| |c|t+ c|o |o|csso|
|ut|c| uc +bo|oou o tcm+ cnc|g|+ so|+| |otovo|t+|c+ c vc|cu|os c|ct||cos
Com + s+|+ com|ct+mcntc |ot+o+ + scssio |o| conouz|o+ com +s u+t|o +|cscnt+ocs |c|t+s
cm scucnc|+ |n|ntc||ut+ c +o |n+| + scssio |o| +bc|t+ +|+ ucst|on+mcntos oo ub||co +|-
t|c|+ntc c |ccomcno+ocs |ooc-sc o|zc| uc + scssio |o| um g|+noc succsso o|s + |+tc|+ +|-
t|c|ou +t|v+mcntc com mu|tos ucst|on+mcntos c o| |+|t+ oc tcmo +o n+| o+ scssio os
ucst|on+mcntos t|vc|+m uc sc| o|||g|oos +os +|cst|+ntcs oc m+nc||+ |no|v|ou+|
|c|ccbc-sc uc o tcm+ cnc|g|+s |cnov+vc|s ou +|tc|n+t|v+s +ss+ + ocsc|t+| um |ntc|cssc c+o+
vcz m+|o| oo ub||co cm gc|+| o|s o n|vc| oc |n|o|m+io uc c|cg+ ou|+io com |c|+io
+os |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s o+s |ontcs convcnc|on+|s oc cnc|g|+ vcm |cv+noo + um+ consc|cnt|-
z+io c|csccntc oc tooos Os ucst|on+mcntos +cc|c+ o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc .esas v|+b|||o+oc
cconom|c+ oo mooc|o +tu+| c o+s |o,cocs |utu|+s +|+ +s |ontcs |cnov+vc|s c +|tc|n+t|v+s
+ss+m + |+zc| +|tc o+s o|scussocs cm o|vc|sos n|vc|s c o ub||co busc+ |n|o|m+io |oco|g-
|c|+to||o o+ scssio |nc|g|+s +|tc|n+t|v+s c otcnc|+| o+ cnc|g|+ so|+| |otovo|t+|c+ no ||+s||'
:),
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
n+ cm |ontcs com + cnvc|g+ou|+ c |cut+io o+ | C|C| ^ scgu|| c +|cscnt+o+ um+ s|ntcsc
o+s u+t|o +|cst|+s ocst+ scssio tcm+t|c+ c +o n+| ocstc |c|+to||o sio comcnt+oos +|guns oos
ucst|on+mcntos +|cscnt+oos c|o ub||co +|t|c|+ntc
2. Altino Ventura (MME) A poltica energtica brasileira e as
fontes energticas alternativas e renovveis
O | Vcntu|+ |n|c|ou + +|cst|+ +|cscnt+noo um+ contcxtu+||z+io c + comos|io o+s m+-
t||zcs cnc|gct|c+s muno|+| c n+c|on+| +ss+noo cm scgu|o+ + |+|+| o+ cx+nsio o+ cconom|+ c
oo scto| cnc|gct|co n+c|on+| c conc|u|noo com + +|cscnt+io o+s o||t|c+s cnc|gct|c+s c o+
cvo|uio o+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ b|+s||c||+ ^s m+t||zcs muno|+| c b|+s||c||+ sio |uno+mcnt+|mcntc
o|st|nt+s cm su+ comos|io scnoo + comos|io b|+s||c||+ um+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+mcntc c|v|-
||z+o+' o+oo o scu g|+noc contcuoo |cnov+vc| ocv|oo ||nc|+|mcntc |o|tc cont||bu|io o+
||o|oc|ct||c|o+oc O +|cst|+ntc mcnc|onou |cct|o+s vczcs o ||+no |+c|on+| oc |nc|g|+ (|||
) uc |cvc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+s o|vc|s+s |o|m+s oc cnc|g|+ no ||+s|| no |o||zontc oc
+||m+noo uc +s o||t|c+s oc |nccnt|vo +ont+m tcnocnc|+s c nio |mos|ocs oo govc|no
soc|co+oc o|t+nto sio +ss|vc|s oc +|tc|+io +o |ongo oos +nos O ||+s|| uc| +tcnoc| s su+s
ncccss|o+ocs com cnc|g|+ n+c|on+| c sc| um cxo|t+oo| oc cnc|g|+ com g|+noc cn|+sc no uso
o+s cnc|g|+s |cnov+vc|s +|mou o +|cst|+ntc O ||| uc| o||c|cnc|+| + m+t||z c nio |ctcnoc
uc cst+ sc,+ um+ m+t||z ocn|t|v+ |m +sccto |uno+mcnt+| oc u+|uc| o||t|c+ oc |nccnt|vo
+o|+o+ c|o ||| no cnt+nto c + moo|c|o+oc t+|||+||+ ||nc||o uc |cv+ o m|n|stc||o + tc| o|
m|ssio |nccnt|v+| +s |ontcs oc mcno| custo oc gc|+io oss|vc| c conscucntcmcntc uc |csu|-
tcm n+ mcno| t+|||+ oss|vc| +o consum|oo| n+|
^ +||c+io |no|st|nt+ ocstc concc|to oc moo|c|o+oc t+|||+||+ uc o| n+tu|cz+ c mu|to o|nm|-
co no scnt|oo oc uc nio sc ooc g+|+nt|| uc + |ontc oc gc|+io oc mcno| custo no |cscntc
vcn|+ + sc m+ntc| como + oc m+|s b+|xo custo no mco|o c |ongo |+zo ooc o| vczcs |n|b||
|n|c|+t|v+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |ontcs com g|+noc otcnc|+| |+zio c|+ u+| o |+nc,+mcnto
cnc|gct|co ocvc +tcnt+| scm|c +|+ os otcnc|+|s oc |couio oc custos cm |unio oc ccono-
m|+s oc csc+|+ o+s o|vc|s+s +|tc|n+t|v+s cnc|gct|c+s
^s c+|+ctc||st|c+s |cg|on+|s oc o|son|b|||o+oc o| |ontc sio um |+to| |mo|t+ntc c ocvc sc|
|csc|t+o+s O csgot+mcnto oo otcnc|+| ||o|+u||co ocvc +b||| g|+nocs c|scct|v+s |n|c|+|-
mcntc +|+ um+ +cc|c|+io oo |og|+m+ tc|m|co c cm scgu|o+ +|+ |ontcs +|tc|n+t|v+s
como + co||c+ uc comc+ + ocu+| cs+o n+ m+t||z n+c|on+| ^ |ontc so|+| |o| mu|to b|c-
vcmcntc mcnc|on+o+ c|o +|cst|+ntc |n|o|m+noo +o ub||co uc +s tccno|og|+s oc +ucc|-
mcnto so|+| ,+ sio |+|g+mcntc ut|||z+o+s c vcm c|csccnoo cm +||c+io + c+o+ +no c uc n+
||c+|oo |ut|c|
:)o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
+|c+ o+ cnc|g|+ so|+| |otovo|t+|c+ |og|+m+s ||otos sc|io +o|+oos c|o m|n|stc||o ô|c|o-
n+|mcntc o +|cst|+ntc occ|+|ou uc c |cc|so mcnc|on+| c |ccon|ccc| o g|+noc otcnc|+| oc
|og|+m+s oc cc|cnc|+ cnc|gct|c+
ô |n+| o+ scssio |cou cv|ocntc uc |+nc,+| c |o,ct+| +|+ o |o||zontc oc m+t||z cnc|-
gct|c+ oc um +|s como o ||+s|| com + +bunonc|+ oc +|tc|n+t|v+s cnc|gct|c+s o|son|vc|s c t+-
|c|+ com|cx+ c c+||cg+o+ oc g|+noc |ncc|tcz+ c o| um |+oo +|ccc t|m|o+ + +|t|c|+io o+s
|ontcs |cnov+vc|s c +|tc|n+t|v+s oc cnc|g|+ no |+nc,+mcnto oc|+| c|ccbc-sc uc cx|stc +bc|-
tu|+ +|+ co||cocs oc |umo n+ mco|o+ cm uc um+ ou out|+ |ontc ocmonst|c su+ v|+b|||o+oc
cconom|c+ O ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co c o tccno|og|co +ssoc|+oos |nov+io c |couio
oc custos ocn||io os |umos c + comos|io o+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ b|+s||c||+ nos |ox|mos +nos
3. Luiz Augusto Barbosa Cortez (Unicamp) Energias
alternativas: o etanol de cana-de-acar no Brasil
O |o|csso| Co|tcz ocu |n|c|o su+ +|cst|+ mcnc|on+noo os mot|vos oo succsso oo |og|+-
m+ oc ct+no| no ||+s|| c cm |unio o+ +|cst|+ +ntc||o| occ|+|ou +v+||+| como t|m|oo o ||+no
|+c|on+| oc |nc|g|+ (||| ) no uc sc |c|c|c +o uso o+ b|om+ss+;|oouio oc ct+no| O
+|cst|+ntc |n|o|mou uc sc cst+bc|cccu no ||+s|| um+ |c|+io o|nm|c+ cnt|c + csu|s+ c +
|oouio ||nc|+|mcntc +os com o cnvo|v|mcnto oo govc|no c oo scto| ||v+oo cm
|unio o+s +|t+s nos |cos oo ct|o|co |cnt|c +s +|tc|n+t|v+s +|+ + |oouio oc ct+no| + c+-
n+-oc-+uc+| sc |cvc|ou como um+ cxcc|cntc cu|tu|+ cnc|gct|c+ scnoo +ss|m c||+oo o mooc|o
b|+s||c||o uc comb|n+ + |oouio c|c|cntc oc +uc+| c ct+no| ^cc|c+ o+ ucstio oo o||cm+
comct|io cnt|c |oouio oc +||mcntos c |oouio oo cnc|gct|co ct+no| o +|cst|+ntc |n|o|-
mou uc o ||+s|| +umcntou + |oouio oc ct+no| +o mcsmo tcmo cm uc +umcntou + |o-
ouio oc +uc+| ôs o|sco||c| sob|c +s |+scs oo |og|+m+ oc ct+no| no ||+s|| com + ||mc||+
|+sc oo ||o-^|coo| cm (m|stu|+ ob||g+to||+ n+ g+so||n+ c subs|o|os o||ctos n+ |oouio) +
scguno+ |+sc no c||ooo - (|nccnt|vos |sc+|s c |scnocs oc |mostos +|+ + |oouio
oo combust|vc| c oos +utomovc|s mov|oos + +|coo|) c + c||sc oo ct+no| no |n+| oos +nos
o |o|csso| Co|tcz cx+|tou os cs|o|os oos scto|cs cnvo|v|oos n+ v|+b|||z+io o+ tccno|og|+
+utomoto|+ oos vc|cu|os c|+m+oos e\ /ae' + +|t|| oo +no
|+ scucnc|+ oc su+ +|cscnt+io ocst+cou + ocu+io oc +|c+s +g||cu|tu|+vc|s +|+ + |oou-
io oc cnc|g|+ |n|o|m+noo uc + c+n+ +|+ + |oouio oc ct+no| ocu+ o+ +|c+ tot+| oo
+|s |m scgu|o+ o +|cst|+ntc o|sco||cu sob|c + cx+nsio o+ |oouio oc ct+no| +v+||+noo
ucstocs como uc u+nt|o+oc oc ct+no| sustcnt+vc| o ||+s|| ooc |oouz|| u+|s sio os ||m|-
tcs oc ocu+io scm uc sc touc n+ ^m+zon|+ c out|os s+ntu+||os cco|og|cos u+| ooc sc| +
:))
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
cont||bu|io oo ct+no| oc c+n+ +|+ + o|m|nu|io o+s cm|ssocs oos g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ u+|s
csu|s+s ocvcmos |+zc| +|+ |couz|| os custos c mc||o|+| os |no|c+oo|cs oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc
^ scgu|| o |o|csso| Co|tcz +|cscntou um |o,cto coo|ocn+oo c|+ |n|c+m cu,os ob,c-
t|vos cscc|cos cstio |c|+c|on+oos +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ csu|s+ cm ct+no| oc c+n+-oc-
+uc+| como scguc
t OL+. ccno|og|+ +tu+| c mc||o|+mcntos oss|vc|s
t 0&|ocnt|c+io oc nov+s tccno|og|+s
t OL,. c|cio oc +|c+s +ocu+o+s +|+ + |oouio oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| no ||+s||
t OL. |n||+cst|utu|+ cx|stcntc c ncccss|o+oc oc mc||o||+ c cx+nsio
t OL,. |ocnt|c+io oc |m+ctos soc|occonom|cos
t OLo. Const|uio oc ccn+||os oc |m+ctos soc|occonom|cos n+ |oouio oc ct+no|
t OL). |ocnt|c+io oc |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s +ssoc|+oos |oouio oc ct+no| oc
c+n+-oc-+uc+|
t OLs. |cg|s|+io c o||t|c+s ub||c+s cm o|vc|sos +|scs |oouto|cs c consum|oo|cs
^ |oost+ cn|oc+ os ocs+|os n+ subst|tu|io cm tooo o munoo oc o+ g+so||n+ o| ct+no|
+tc o +no cnvo|vcnoo |+nt|o com c scm ||||g+io u+nt|o+oc c o|son|b|||o+oc oc +gu+
+|+ cstc m c cvo|uio oos g+n|os oc |oout|v|o+oc csc|+oos |cstc contcxto csc|+-sc uc
+ |oout|v|o+oc +ssc oc ||t|os oc ct+no| o| |cct+|c;+no cm +|+ cm c
cm ^ conc|usio oo cstuoo c uc c oss|vc| |oouz|| no ||+s|| o cu|v+|cntc +
ou +tc o+ g+so||n+ consum|o+ cm tooo o munoo +tc |nt|ct+nto com m+|o|cs |nvcst|-
mcntos cm C| |sso ooc sc| conscgu|oo com um+ ut|||z+io mu|to mcno| oc +|c+ c |ccu|sos
o|t+nto c |mo|t+ntc uc sc,+ ocscnvo|v|o+ um+ cst|+tcg|+ oc |ongo |+zo +|+ + csu|s+ c
o ocscnvo|v|mcnto ncst+ +|c+ c uc sc,+ s|mu|tnc+ cx+nsio o+ |oouio oc ct+no| no +|s
|+|+ conccnt|+| cstcs cs|o|os c sugc||o+ + c||+io oc um |+bo|+to||o |+c|on+| oc C|cnc|+ c
ccno|og|+ oo ||oct+no| (C||)
Com |c|+io +os cstuoos sob|c + sustcnt+b|||o+oc oo ct+no| o +|cst|+ntc +|cscntou o ucst|o-
n+mcnto sob|c u+| ooc sc| um bom c||tc||o +|+ cst+ cst|+tcg|+ +|m+noo uc + cx+nsio
o+ |oouio oc ct+no| no ||+s|| ocvc|+ sc o+| b+s|c+mcntc cm tc||+s com +sto o|t+nto c
csscnc|+| + o|g+n|z+io o+ ocu+io o+s +t|v|o+ocs +g||co|+s c o b|oct+no| oc c+n+ ooc +,uo+|
+ ot|m|z+| o uso o+ tc||+ no ||+s|| |couz|noo o +sto m+ntcnoo + |oouio oc c+|nc c cx+n-
o|noo + |oouio oc b|ocombust|vc|s
||c+|oo |ut|c|
:)s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O +|cst|+ntc cm scgu|o+ o|scu|sou sob|c + |oouio comb|n+o+ oc +||mcntos c b|oct+no| o
mooc|o +tu+| ||o||z+ + |oouio oc +uc+| c ct+no| |o|cst+s n+t|v+s c |+nt+o+s ||ut+s n+s +|c-
+s com +|t+ occ||v|o+oc c |o|t|cu|tu|+ mooc|n+ com + ut|||z+io oc cstu|+s +ncx+s s us|n+s +|+
+ |oouio oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ + +|t|| o+ uc|m+ oc b+g+o ô|c|on+|mcntc n+ +||+ o+ c+n+
|+ um otcnc|+| oc |ton + sc| |ccuc|+oo uc ooc |mco|+t+mcntc gc|+| cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+
o| |sso sc const|tu| como um+ nov+ ||ontc||+
^ mcc+n|z+io c + co||c|t+ scm uc|m+ |o|+m t+mbcm +|cscnt+o+s tcnoo s|oo |n|o|m+oo
uc +tu+|mcntc o+ co||c|t+ vcm scnoo |c|t+s scm uc|m+ |o| |m |o| +|cscnt+o+ + |o-
ost+ oo zonc+mcnto +g|occo|og|co o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+| no ||+s|| onoc ||m|tcs tc|||to||+|s sio
|oostos +|+ + cx+nsio no cu|t|vo o+ c+n+ |o| +|cscnt+o+ um+ s|ntcsc o+s +|c+s +t+s +|+
+ cx+nsio oo cu|t|vo o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+| no +|s cons|oc|+noo +s c|+sscs oc +t|oio +g||co|+ c
os t|os oc uso o+ tc||+
^ conc|usio o+ +|cscnt+io |o| uc o ||+s|| tcm cxcc|cntc oo|tun|o+oc oc m+ntc| + ||oc-
|+n+ n+ |oouio oc ct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| |oc+noo n+s cxo|t+ocs c c||+noo nov+s
oo|tun|o+ocs oc cm|cgo c o|vc|s|c+io n+ |oouio oc cnc|g|+ O govc|no b|+s||c||o cst+
tot+|mcntc com|omct|oo com o cs|o|o muno|+| oc |couz|| +s cm|ssocs oos g+scs oc c|c|to
cstu|+ c +s csu|s+s cm ct+no| oc c+n+ sio +|tc ocss+ cst|+tcg|+ ^s cst|+tcg|+s oc csu|s+
c ocscnvo|v|mcnto cstio |oc+o+s cm |couio oc custos c |no|c+oo|cs oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc O
||+s|| ocvc o+| m+|s +tcnio + cst+ ucstio c +|+ t+nto ocvc c||+| um novo mooc|o +g|o|n-
oust||+| +|+ + c+n+ |ntc||+ (|ntcg|+|) c um cs|o|o +o|c|on+| ocvc sc| |c|to +|+ |oouz|| |ccu|-
sos |um+nos cm tooos os n|vc|s
4. Walter Bartels (Associao das Indstrias Aeroespaciais do
Brasil) Insero do Brasil nos biocombustveis aeronuticos
^ +v|+io c|v|| |csonoc o| cc|c+ oc o+s cm|ssocs oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ cm tooo o
munoo com cxcct+t|v+ oc oob|+| cst+ cont||bu|io +tc |cstc contcxto + ut|||z+io oc
combust|vc|s +|tc|n+t|vos cscc|+|mcntc os b|ocombust|vc|s ou o b|ouc|oscnc oc +v|+io
comc+ + ocsc|t+| o |ntc|cssc com v+||os tcstcs cm +no+mcnto o| tooo o munoo |m+
c+|+ctc||st|c+ |mo|t+ntc ncst+ ut|||z+io c + com+t|b|||o+oc com o uc|oscnc oc +v|+io
t|+o|c|on+| um+ vcz uc c|+ n+tu|cz+ ocst+ +||c+io cstc combust|vc| ocvc tc| +s mcsm+s
c+|+ctc||st|c+s cm tooo o munoo |o|t+nto o b|ouc|oscnc oc +v|+io ocvc sc| ocscnvo|v|oo
com o|vc|s|o+oc oc b|om+ss+ o uc |cuc| |nvcst|mcntos cm c++c|t+io oc |+bo|+to||os c
oc |ccu|sos |um+nos
:),
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
O | |+|tc|s ocu |n|c|o su+ +|cst|+ com + +|cscnt+io o+ ^ssoc|+io o+s |noust||+s ^c|o-
cs+c|+|s oo ||+s|| (^|^|) uc c + cnt|o+oc oc c|+ssc n+c|on+| uc cong|cg+ +s cm|cs+s n+-
c|on+|s oo scto| +c|ocs+c|+| b|+s||c||o (+c|on+ut|c+ cs+o c oc|cs+) |uno+o+ cm oc m+|-
o oc com scoc cm io |osc oos C+mos - | oc|+ oc |o|m+ s|m||+| s o|g+n|z+ocs
congcnc|cs oc out|os +|scs | mcmb|o oo |o:eoa:coa' Cccaoa:o Ccao.' c/ êcsa.e
|oaas:es ^ssc.a:cos (|CC^|^) ,unt+mcntc com su+s congcnc|cs oo C+n+o+ oos |st+oos
|n|oos o+ |u|o+ c oo |+io ^ +|cscnt+io |o| ccnt|+o+ no tcm+ +v|+io c|v|| c mc|o +m-
b|cntc c o +|cst|+ntc +|cscntou + O|g+n|z+io o+ ^v|+io C|v|| |ntc|n+c|on+| (O^C|) uc
c um+ +gcnc|+ cscc|+||z+o+ o+s |+ocs |n|o+s c||+o+ cm com +|scs mcmb|os
cu,os ||nc|+|s ob,ct|vos sio o cst+bc|cc|mcnto oos ||nc||os c tccn|c+s oc n+vcg+io +c|c+
|ntc|n+c|on+| c o+ o|g+n|z+io oo t|+nso|tc +c|co oc mooo + |+vo|ccc| + scgu|+n+ + cc|-
cnc|+ + cconom|+ c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oos sc|v|os +c|cos c o| |o|+ oo +co|oo oc |yoto
o+s ucstocs o+ +v|+io c|v|| c mc|o +mb|cntc
^ +v|+io c|v|| c um s|stcm+ |ntcg|+oo c com|cxo comosto oc sc|v|os +c|cos |+b||c+ntcs
oc +c|on+vcs |ovcoo|cs oc sc|v|os oc cont|o|c oc t|+|cgo +c|co c +c|oo|tos tooos com
|oco ||go|oso n+ scgu|+n+ o|c|cc|o+ +os scus usu+||os ucstocs +mb|cnt+|s scm|c cst|vc-
|+m no |oco o+ O^C| Como +|tc oo ||sto||co c oos |csu|t+oos +|c+n+oos c|+s |n|c|+t|v+s
oc |couio oc cm|ssocs |o| +|cscnt+o+ + |couio oc consumo oc combust|vc| (consumo
cscc||co c consumo o| +sscnto) o+ +v|+io c|v|| uc +t|ng|u um+ |couio oc oo |n+|
oos +nos +tc o |cscntc
O +|cst|+ntc ocst+cou + ncccss|o+oc oc um+ +bo|o+gcm scto||+| +|+ um |ob|cm+ g|ob+|
|no|c+noo uc + O^C| c + |csons+vc| c|+ ||oc|+n+ n+ gcstio o+s cm|ssocs o+ +v|+io |x|stc
um com|omct|mcnto o+ |noust||+ o+ +v|+io c|v|| muno|+| oc mc||o||+ mco|+ oc o|
+no cm tc|mos oc c|c|cnc|+ cnc|gct|c+ +tc bcm como um+ ob||g+io oc c|csc|mcnto
ncut|o oc c+|bono + +|t|| oc com |couio +bso|ut+ cm o+s cm|ssocs oc CO
cm
cm com+|+io +os n|vc|s oc |+ scucnc|+ o | |+|tc|s +|cscntou um caaoa
o+ +v|+io c|v|| +|+ |couio o+s cm|ssocs com v+||+s +ocs |og|+m+o+s n+ +v|+io c|v|| |n-
tc|n+c|on+| |c|+c|on+o+s + tcstcs com b|ocombust|vc|s Com |c|+io + +ocs b|+s||c||+s ncst+
+|c+ |o| |c|+t+oo o ||o,cto oc |c| n ; oo ocut+oo |+|cc|o O|t|z ||cs|ocntc o+
||cntc |+||+mcnt+| cm |c|cs+ o+ |noust||+ ^c|on+ut|c+ ||+s||c||+ uc ||soc sob|c + c||+-
io oo ||og|+m+ |+c|on+| oo ||ouc|oscnc como |nccnt|vo sustcnt+b|||o+oc +mb|cnt+| o+
+v|+io b|+s||c||+ c o+ out|+s |ov|ocnc|+s'
|o| |m o | |+|tc|s +|cscntou +s |n|c|+t|v+s b|+s||c||+s |c|+c|on+o+s + tcstcs com o b|ouc|o-
scnc |oouz|oo + +|t|| oo |n|io m+nso c o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+| ^s cm|cs+s ^| c ^z|| |o-
g|+m+m +|+ os |ox|mos mcscs tcstcs com oc b|ouc|oscnc cm +c|on+vcs ^||bus ^- c
|mb|+c| |- |+ +v|+io +g||co|+ cx|stcm tcstcs com + +c|on+vc |+ncm+ ut|||z+noo b|oct+no|
||c+|oo |ut|c|
:so
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
5. Ricardo Rther (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
- UFSC e Instituto para o Desenvolvimento das Energias
Alternativas na Amrica Latina IDEAL) O potencial
da energia solar fotovoltaica no brasil e projetos vitrines
estdios solares e aeroportos solares
^ +|cst|+ oo |o|csso| |ut|c| +|cscntou um+ o+s m+|s |cccntcs c |om|sso|+s +||c+ocs o+
tccno|og|+ |otovo|t+|c+ + |ntcg|+io oc +|nc|s so|+|cs +o cnto|no const|u|oo oc |o|m+ ocsccn-
t|+||z+o+ c com |ntc|||g+io o+ |nst+|+io gc|+oo|+ |coc c|ct||c+ |o| mc|o oo c|c|to |otovo|t+|-
co cc|u|+s so|+|cs convc|tcm o||ct+mcntc + cnc|g|+ oo o| cm cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ oc |o|m+ cst+t|c+
s||cnc|os+ nio o|ucntc c |cnov+vc|
|m+ c+|+ctc||st|c+ |uno+mcnt+| oc s|stcm+s |otovo|t+|cos |nst+|+oos no mc|o u|b+no c ||nc|+|-
mcntc + oss|b|||o+oc oc |ntc|||g+io |coc c|ct||c+ ub||c+ o|scns+noo +ss|m os b+ncos oc b+tc-
||+s ncccss+||os cm s|stcm+s oo t|o +utonomo c os c|cv+oos custos oc m+nutcnio occo||cntcs
|+ congu|+io m+|s comum cstcs s|stcm+s sio |nst+|+oos oc t+| m+nc||+ uc u+noo o gc-
|+oo| so|+| |o|nccc m+|s cnc|g|+ oo uc + ncccss+||+ +|+ o +tcno|mcnto o+ |nst+|+io consu-
m|oo|+ o cxccsso c |n,ct+oo n+ |coc c|ct||c+ + |nst+|+io consum|oo|+ +cumu|+ um c|co|to
cnc|gct|co (o |c|og|o cont+oo| t||co c b|o||cc|on+| c ncstc c+so +no+ +|+ t|+s) |o| out|o |+oo
u+noo o s|stcm+ so|+| gc|+ mcnos cnc|g|+ oo uc + ocm+no+o+ c|+ |nst+|+io consum|oo|+
o occ|t c su||oo c|+ |coc c|ct||c+ |c|o+s o| t|+nsm|ssio c o|st||bu|io comuns +o s|stcm+
t|+o|c|on+| oc gc|+io ccnt|+||z+o+ sio +ss|m m|n|m|z+oos Out|+ v+nt+gcm ocstcs s|stcm+s c o
|+to oc |c|cscnt+|cm us|n+s ocsccnt|+||z+o+s uc nio ocu+m +|c+ cxt|+ o|s cstio |ntcg|+o+s
+o cnvc|oc o+s co|c+ocs u|b+n+s
O |o|csso| t|ouxc +|+ o ub||co um+ g|+noc u+nt|o+oc oc |n|o|m+ocs +cc|c+ oo otcnc|+| c
o|son|b|||o+oc oc |+o|+io so|+| no ||+s|| c no munoo most|+noo uc o|+||+mcntc |nc|oc sob|c
+ suc|||c|c o+ c||+ m+|s cnc|g|+ v|no+ oo o| oo uc + ocm+no+ tot+| oc tooos os |+b|t+ntcs
oc nosso |+nct+ cm tooo um +no |cnt|c +s o|vc|s+s +||c+ocs o+ cnc|g|+ so|+| + gc|+io o|-
|ct+ oc c|ct||c|o+oc o| mc|o oo c|c|to |otovo|t+|co sc +|cscnt+ como um+ o+s m+|s c|cg+ntcs
|o|m+s oc gc|+| otcnc|+ c|ct||c+
|csoc o su|g|mcnto o+s ||mc||+s cc|u|+s so|+|cs |otovo|t+|c+s oc c|cv+oo custo c ut|||z+o+s n+
gc|+io oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ +|+ os s+tc||tcs uc o|b|t+m nosso |+nct+ +s tccno|og|+s oc |oou-
io cvo|u||+m + t+| onto uc sc to|nou cconom|c+mcntc v|+vc| cm mu|tos c+sos + su+ ut|||z+-
io cm +||c+ocs tc||cst|cs c no |o|ncc|mcnto oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ cm |oc+|s onoc + |coc c|ct||c+
:s+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
ub||c+ nio |o| cstcno|o+ +|s s|stcm+s o|tos |cmotos ou +utonomos ncccss|t+m u+sc scm|c
oc um mc|o oc +cumu|+io o+ cnc|g|+ gc|+o+ no|m+|mcntc um b+nco oc b+tc||+s +|+ su|||
+ ocm+no+ cm c||ooos cm uc + gc|+io so|+| c |nsuc|cntc ou no|tc |+|s |cccntcmcntc
s|stcm+s so|+|cs |otovo|t+|cos vcm scnoo ut|||z+oos oc |o|m+ |ntc|||g+o+ |coc c|ct||c+ ub||c+
como us|n+s gc|+oo|+s cm +|+|c|o s g|+nocs ccnt|+|s gc|+oo|+s c|ct||c+s convcnc|on+|s |css+
|o|m+ c+ o|scns+oo o s|stcm+ +cumu|+oo| (b+tc||+s) scu c|cv+oo custo c m+nutcnio cnvo|-
v|oos ,+ uc + b+tc||+ o+ |nst+|+io so|+| |otovo|t+|c+ |ntc|||g+o+ |coc c|ct||c+ c + |o||+ |coc
c|ct||c+ como sc|+ v|sto cm m+|o| oct+||c + scgu||
|nst+|+ocs so|+|cs |otovo|t+|c+s |ntc|||g+o+s |coc c|ct||c+ ub||c+ oocm +|cscnt+| ou+s con-
gu|+ocs o|st|nt+s oocm sc| |nst+|+o+s (|) oc |o|m+ |ntcg|+o+ + um+ co|c+io (no tc||+oo ou
n+ |+c|+o+ oc um |co|o c o|t+nto ,unto +o onto oc consumo) ou (||) oc |o|m+ ccnt|+||z+o+
como cm um+ us|n+ ccnt|+| gc|+oo|+ convcnc|on+| ncstc c+so no|m+|mcntc + cc|t+ o|stnc|+
oo onto oc consumo |cstc u|t|mo c+so cx|stc como n+ gc|+io ccnt|+||z+o+ convcnc|on+|
+ ncccss|o+oc oos com|cxos s|stcm+s oc t|+nsm|ssio c o|st||bu|io (|) t|+o|c|on+|s c oos
custos cnvo|v|oos ^ +|cscnt+io oo |o|csso| |ut|c| sc conccnt|ou nos +scctos tccn|cos oo
||mc||o t|o oc congu|+io |nt|c +s v+nt+gcns ocstc t|o oc |nst+|+io ooc-sc ocst+c+|
(|) nio |cuc| +|c+ cxt|+ c ooc o|t+nto sc| ut|||z+o+ no mc|o u|b+no |ox|mo +o onto oc
consumo o uc |cv+ + (||) c||m|n+| c|o+s o| | o+ cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ como oco||c com us|n+s
gc|+oo|+s ccnt|+||z+o+s +|cm oc (|||) nio |cuc|c| |nst+|+ocs oc |n||+cst|utu|+ +o|c|on+|s os +|-
nc|s |otovo|t+|cos oocm sc| t+mbcm (|v) cons|oc|+oos como um m+tc||+| oc |cvcst|mcnto +|-
u|tcton|co (|couio oc custos) o+noo co|c+io um+ (v) ++|cnc|+ cstct|c+ |nov+oo|+ c nn
:e.n +|cm oc t|+zc| um+ (v|) |m+gcm cco|og|c+ +ssoc|+o+ +o |o,cto ,+ uc |oouz cnc|g|+ ||m+
c oc |ontc v||tu+|mcntc |ncsgot+vc|
|cstc contcxto o |o|csso| |ut|c| +|cscntou os |o,ctos v|t||ncs |st+o|os o|+|cs +|+ + Co+
oo |unoo oc c ^c|oo|tos o|+|cs uc tcm o| ob,ct|vo ocmonst|+| + tccno|og|+ so|+| |o-
tovo|t+|c+ |ntcg|+o+ + co||c+ocs u|b+n+s c concct+o+ |coc c|ct||c+ ub||c+ ^ Co+ oo |un-
oo oc |utcbo| oc uc sc|+ sco|+o+ c|o ||+s|| c um+ oo|tun|o+oc |nco|t+ +|+ o|vu|g+| +
tccno|og|+ so|+| uc tcm |cv|sio oc |couio oc custos +|+ +t|ng|| v|+b|||o+oc cconom|c+ +o
|ongo o+ |cscntc occ+o+ |unt+mcntc com + |ntcg|+io oc gc|+oo|cs so|+|cs cm +c|oo|tos
cstc |o,cto ob,ct|v+ t|+zc| +|+ o o|+ + o|+ oo ovo b|+s||c||o cst+ tccno|og|+ uc ocvc|+ |ntcg|+|
+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ n+c|on+| no |utu|o |ox|mo
|+ss+noo +o tcm+ oos vc|cu|os c|ct||cos o |o|csso| |ut|c| comcntou uc n+ +v+||+io o+ ut|-
||z+io oc b|ocombust|vc|s +|+ + |ou|sio oc vc|cu|os +utomoto|cs +s ||nc|+|s ucstocs
cnvo|vcm o uso oc g|+nocs cxtcnsocs oc tc||+ + sustcnt+b|||o+oc ocstc m+nc,o c +s |c|+ocs oc
t|+b+||o cnvo|v|o+s bcm como + comct|io o+ |oouio oc combust|vc|s X +||mcntos c su+s
conscucnc|+s no |co ocstcs |ooutos |cstc contcxto os vc|cu|os c|ct||cos c + gc|+io so|+|
||c+|oo |ut|c|
:s:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
oc c|ct||c|o+oc sc +|cscnt+m como +|tc|n+t|v+s |mo|t+ntcs + sc|cm cons|oc|+o+s ||nc|+|-
mcntc ||cntc +os novos ocscnvo|v|mcntos tccno|og|cos c s ucstocs +mb|cnt+|s ^ ut|||z+io
oc vc|cu|os c|ct||cos c o+ cnc|g|+ so|+| |otovo|t+|c+ ooc|+ v|| + ocscmcn|+| +c| |mo|t+ntc
no munoo c no ||+s|| no |utu|o |ox|mo t+nto n+ |couio o+ o|u|io +ssoc|+o+ conccnt|+-
io o+ ut|||z+io oc vc|cu|os cm g|+nocs ccnt|os u|b+nos u+nto n+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc o+ |oou-
io c uso oo |nsumo cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ o combust|vc| ocst+ +|tc|n+t|v+
|+|s |cccntcmcntc +s ucstocs c||m+t|c+s +ssoc|+o+s +o +umcnto +ccntu+oo oos |cos oos
combust|vc|s |ossc|s c t+mbcm oos b|ocombust|vc|s bcm como + ncccss|o+oc oc v+||+s n+ocs
ocscnvo|v|o+s oc |couz|| su+ occnocnc|+ oc |nsumos |mo|t+oos |cssusc|t+|+m o |ntc|cssc c-
|os vc|cu|os c|ct||cos uc sc +|cscnt+m como um+ +|tc|n+t|v+ |om|sso|+ n+s |ox|m+s occ+-
o+s Os vc|cu|os c|ct||cos +cs+| oc +|cscnt+|cm um m+|o| custo |n|c|+| oc |nvcst|mcnto |cv+m
+ um mcno| custo o| u||omct|o |oo+oo c t+mbcm + um mcno| custo oc m+nutcnio Out|+
c+|+ctc||st|c+ |mo|t+ntc oos vc|cu|os c|ct||cos c + mcno| |utu+io oc |cos oo |nsumo cnc|-
gct|co ucstio uc ocvc|+ sc| octc|m|n+ntc cm +|guns mc|c+oos
^cs+| oc +|cscnt+|cm g|+nocs v+nt+gcns cm |c|+io +os vc|cu|os oot+oos oc moto|cs + com-
bustio |ntc|n+ vc|cu|os c|ct||cos uc +|m+zcn+m cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ cm b+tc||+s ou suc|c++c|to-
|cs ou +tc mcsmo cc|u|+s + combust|vc| nio oocm sc| +|cscnt+oos como um+ so|uio |mc-
o|+t+ n+ subst|tu|io oc tooos os vc|cu|os +||mcnt+oos o| combust|vc|s |ossc|s ou b|ocombus-
t|vc|s |x|stcm ucstocs |c|+c|on+o+s + +|gum+s ||m|t+ocs +tu+|s oc |n||+cst|utu|+ c ncccss|o+ocs
oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co uc somcntc oco||c|io cm um |utu|o |ox|mo sc |ouvc| cst|-
mu|o +|+ su+ +ooio ^ +utonom|+ ||m|t+ + ut|||z+io +tu+| oos vc|cu|os c|ct||cos u|os + t|+,c-
tos u|b+nos oc +|gum+s oczcn+s +tc ouc+s ccntcn+s oc u||omct|os |st+ ||m|t+io cst|mu|ou o
++|cc|mcnto o+ tccno|og|+ oos vc|cu|os c|ct||cos 'ao ||b||oos |o| out|o |+oo g|+noc +|tc
oos vc|cu|os oc +ssc|o c|co||c t|+,ctos o|+||os uc oocm sc| c||c|t+mcntc com+t|vc|s com
+ +utonom|+ oos vc|cu|os c|ct||cos u|os |cscntcmcntc o|son|vc|s no mc|c+oo |ntc|n+c|on+|
^ vc|oc|o+oc oc |cc+|g+ o+ b+tc||+ oc um vc|cu|o c|ct||co u|o t+mbcm ||m|t+ + su+ ut|||z+io
|cscntc +os ocs|oc+mcntos u|b+nos
c o| um |+oo os vc|cu|os c|ct||cos nio +|cscnt+m cm|ssocs o||ct+s oc o|ucntcs ou g+scs
oc u+|uc| n+tu|cz+ ou|+ntc su+ oc|+io + su+ ut|||z+io |m||c+ um+ m+|o| ocm+no+ o|
gc|+io oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ ^ |oouio oc combust|vc|s ||u|oos c oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ cst+ cm
scto|cs o|st|ntos o+ cconom|+ com o|st|nt+s cc|cnc|+s c |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s m+s +mb+s con-
t||bucm com cm|ssocs oc CO
+|+ + +tmos|c|+ ^s cm|ssocs |c|+c|on+o+s |oouio oc cnc|-

g|+ +|+ os vc|cu|os c|ct||cos sio cm u+|uc| c+so mcno|cs oo uc +s +ssoc|+o+s +os vc|cu|os
convcnc|on+|s m+s + |ntcns|o+oc o+s cm|ssocs uc ocvc sc| +t||bu|o+ +os vc|cu|os c|ct||cos cst+
o||ct+mcntc |c|+c|on+o+ |ntcns|o+oc o+ tccno|og|+ c |n||+cst|utu|+ oc |oouio c o|st||bu|io
oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ cx|stcntc |m um+ cconom|+ cm uc + gc|+io oc c|ct||c|o+oc cstc,+ scnoo
:s,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
+tcno|o+ com|ct+mcntc o| gc|+io tc|mc|ct||c+ + c+|vio m|nc|+| o n|vc| oc cm|ssocs +ssoc|+-
oo + um vc|cu|o c|ct||co ncstc c+so g oc CO
o| |m |oo+oo sc||+ somcntc um ouco mc-

no| oo uc no c+so oc um vc|cu|o convcnc|on+| uc cm|tc cc|c+ oc g oc CO
o| |m |oo+-
oo |sso |cv+nt+ + ucstio o+ ncccss|o+oc oc uc + gc|+io oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ sc,+ |c|t+ t+mbcm
oc mooo sustcnt+vc| c com b+|x+s cm|ssocs +|+ uc too+ + +|gumcnt+io + |+vo| oos vc|cu|os
c|ct||cos oss+ sc| cons|oc|+o+ um+ +|tc|n+t|v+ v|+vc|
^ comb|n+io o+ ut|||z+io oc vc|cu|os c|ct||cos c gc|+io so|+| |otovo|t+|c+ |ntcg|+o+ + co|c+-
ocs u|b+n+s c concct+o+ |coc c|ct||c+ ub||c+ ooc sc| cons|oc|+o+ um+ +||c+io ot|m+ oc
ou+s tccno|og|+s uc |o,c sc |+zcm oss|vc|s g|++s + mooc|nos concc|tos c tccn|c+s oc tccno-
|og|+ o+ |n|o|m+io (|) ^ +|c+ ncccss+||+ +|+ + |oouio oos b|ocombust|vc|s c tcm+ oc mu|-
to ocb+tc c um +sccto ||+g|| o+ +|gumcnt+io + |+vo| oos b|ocombust|vc|s como so|uio oc
subst|tu|io +os combust|vc|s |ossc|s |ooc-sc ocmonst|+| uc + +ooio oo uso oc b|ocombus-
t|vc|s +|+ + |ou|sio oc vc|cu|os +utomoto|cs cm csc+|+ muno|+| +|cscnt+ sc||os |ob|cm+s
oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc c oc o|son|b|||o+oc oc +|c+ |cstc +sccto + ut|||z+io oc vc|cu|os c|ct||-
cos ooc sc| m+|s bcm contcxtu+||z+o+ +o sc com+|+| + +|c+ |cuc||o+ no |+nt|o oc c+n+ cm
|c|+io mcsm+ +|c+ u+noo cobc|t+ o| gc|+oo|cs so|+|cs |otovo|t+|cos +|+ + |oouio oc
cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ |m cxcm|o ||ust|+t|vo o+ |c|+io cnt|c + ocm+no+ o| +|c+ |+nt+o+ n+ |o-
ouio oc ct+no| c + o|son|b|||o+oc oc cnc|g|+ so|+| cm nosso +|s O cu|t|vo oc c+n+-oc-+uc+|
cm um |cct+|c ooc c|cg+| + |cnoc| no ||+s|| cc|c+ oc ||t|os oc +|coo| o| +no |cv+noo o
+utomovc| e\ t||co + ooc| |oo+| cc|c+ oc || m|| |m o| |cct+|c |+nt+oo o| +no (+om|t|noo
um consumo mco|o oc |m o| ||t|o) c ncstc mcsmo |cct+|c |o| |nst+|+oo um gc|+oo| so|+|
|otovo|t+|co c oss|vc| gc|+| oc |\| + m+|s oc |\| oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ +nu+|mcntc
occnocnoo o+ |cg|io oo +|s |m vc|cu|o c|ct||co oc t+m+n|o mco|o com + tccno|og|+ +tu+|
|oo+ um ouco m+|s oc |m o| |\| oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ ^ss|m um gc|+oo| so|+| |otovo|t+|co
uc ocuc um+ +|c+ oc um |cct+|c ooc gc|+| cnc|g|+ +|+ |cv+| um vc|cu|o c|ct||co mco|o +
|oo+| oc + m|||ocs oc |m +nu+|mcntc ||c+ ocmonst|+oo o|t+nto uc cm tc|mos oc nc-
ccss|o+ocs oc +|c+ +|+ + |oouio oc cnc|g|+ + convc|sio oc cnc|g|+ so|+| cm cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+
(|otovo|t+|c+) c m+|s oc vczcs m+|s c|c|cntc n+ |ou|sio vc|cu|+| oo uc + convc|sio |otos-
s|ntct|c+ oc cnc|g|+ so|+| (|otoss|ntcsc)
|st+ +|gumcnt+io ocvc sc| +n+||s+o+ sob v+||+s c|scct|v+s |n|c|+|mcntc +o cont|+||o o+ s|tu-
+io oo cu|t|vo +g||co|+ |+z mu|to m+|s scnt|oo cs+||+| cstc gc|+oo| so|+| |otovo|t+|co oc um
|cct+|c c|os tc||+oos c cobc|tu|+s o+s co|c+ocs u|b+n+s cv|t+noo +ss|m + ocu+io oc u+|-
uc| +|c+ +o|c|on+| +|+ + gc|+io ocst+ cnc|g|+ c |oouz|noo + cnc|g|+ ,unto +o onto onoc
c|+ sc|+ consum|o+ |cstc scnt|oo c ||ust|+t|vo |+zc| m+|s um+ com+|+io mu|tos vc|cu|os no
||+s|| |oo+m cc|c+ oc |m o| mcs |st+ c cc|t+mcntc um+ s|tu+io ||cucntc +|+ o sc-
gunoo vc|cu|o oc um+ |+m|||+ t||c+ o+ c|+ssc mco|+ b|+s||c||+ O vc|cu|o c|ct||co mco|o mcnc|o-
n+oo +ntc||o|mcntc ncccss|t+ oc um gc|+oo| so|+| |otovo|t+|co uc v+| ocu+| oc + m
oo
||c+|oo |ut|c|
:s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
tc||+oo o+ |cs|ocnc|+ ocst+ |+m|||+ +|+ gc|+| cnc|g|+ suc|cntc +|+ um ocs|oc+mcnto mco|o
oc |m o| mcs ^s |cs|ocnc|+s un||+m|||+|cs t||c+s o+ c|+ssc mco|+ b|+s||c||+ oocm |+c||-
mcntc +comoo+| v+||os ocstcs gc|+oo|cs |oouz|noo cnc|g|+ o 'c.c cm tc||+oos so|+|cs |oto-
vo|t+|cos +|+ o +tcno|mcnto oc vc|cu|os c|ct||cos bcm como +|+ o consumo oc cnc|g|+ c|c-
t||c+ oc too+ + |cs|ocnc|+ o|son|b|||z+noo cvcntu+|s cxccocntcs oc cnc|g|+ +|+ + |coc c|ct||c+
ub||c+ c +ux|||+noo n+ o|vc|s||c+io o+ m+t||z c|ct||c+ b|+s||c||+
O |o|csso| |ut|c| conc|u|u su+ +|cscnt+io c cm scgu|o+ o |o|csso| Co|tcz +b||u + scssio
oc ucst|on+mcntos
6. Sesso de questionamentos do pblico participante
|m v|st+ oo g|+noc |ntc|cssc oo ub||co +|t|c|+ntc ocst+ scssio um g|+noc numc|o oc c|-
gunt+s |o| |o|mu|+oo o| csc||to c |cv+oo mcs+ +|vcz c|o |ntc|cssc nos |umos c cnc+m|n|+-
mcntos oo ||| +|+ + ucstio cnc|gct|c+ n+c|on+| n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s c c|+ nov|o+oc oo
tcm+ cnc|g|+ so|+| |otovo|t+|c+ +|+ cstc ub||co os ucst|on+mcntos |o|+m o|||g|oos cxc|us|v+-
mcntc +|+ o | ^|t|no Vcntu|+ oo ||| c +|+ o |o|csso| ||c+|oo |ut|c| o+ ||C
^ o|scussio c os ucst|on+mcntos +|+ o ||| t|vc|+m |oco n+s |cocu+ocs com os |umos
uc vcm tom+noo +s |n|c|+t|v+s oo govc|no no o||cc|on+mcnto o+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ b|+s||c||+
||nc|+|mcntc no uc t+ngc s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s c +os |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s |c|+c|on+oos
const|uio oc g|+nocs us|n+s ||o|c|ct||c+s n+ ^m+zon|+ ^ cst+s ucstocs o | ^|t|no Vcntu|+
|csonocu uc o| um |+oo o govc|no ncccss|t+ g+|+nt|| o |o|ncc|mcnto oc cnc|g|+ +|+ + o-
u|+io com um+ t+x+ oc c|csc|mcnto oc +|ox|m+o+mcntc +o +no c ncn|um+ o+s |ontcs
|cnov+vc|s;+|tc|n+t|v+s cm scus cst+g|os +tu+|s ooc su||| cst+ ocm+no+ no |cscntc O |||
|ccon|ccc o otcnc|+| ocst+s |ontcs c v+| +o|+| too+s +s +|tc|n+t|v+s c+o+ um+ +o scu momcn-
to u+noo t|vc|cm +t|ng|oo um n|vc| oc m+tu|+io tccno|og|c+ c oc custos uc +s to|nc com-
ct|t|v+s com +s |ontcs convcnc|on+|s
^ +|cscnt+io oo |o|csso| |ut|c| |ovocou um g|+noc numc|o oc c|gunt+s com os m+|s
v+||+oos cn|oucs ocsoc |no+g+ocs sob|c oct+||cs |unc|on+|s o+ tccno|og|+ so|+| |otovo|t+|-
c+ +tc ucstocs m+|s |+t|c+s sob|c como sc ooc||+ +cc|c|+| + |nsc|io ocst+ tccno|og|+ n+
m+t||z b|+s||c||+ |m+ const+t+io uc sc ooc |+zc| oc |o|m+ gc|+| nos ucst|on+mcntos sc
|c|+c|on+ ncccss|o+oc oc cst|mu|+| + csu|s+ c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto ncst+ +|c+ oo con|cc|-
mcnto +|+ uc o ||+s|| com tooo o scu otcnc|+| so|+| oss+ |+zc| bom uso ocst+ tccno|o-
g|+ nio somcntc ut|||z+noo + cnc|g|+ oo o| m+s |+zcnoo-o com cu|+mcntos c o|sos|t|-
vos ocscnvo|v|oos c |+b||c+oos cm tc|||to||o n+c|on+| +|+ uc + n+io b|+s||c||+ oss+ |+zc|
uso |cno oos bcnc||c|os +ssoc|+oos + cst+ tccno|og|+ |m+ ucstio |cv+nt+o+ c|o |o|csso|
:s,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|ut|c| cm |+cc oc tooos os ucst|on+mcntos +|cscnt+oos cst+ |c|+c|on+o+ +o +sccto o+
occnocnc|+ tccno|og|c+ c +o ocs+|o c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io ncst+ +|c+ no ||+s||
m+|s ccoo ou m+|s t+|oc + cnc|g|+ so|+| |otovo|t+|c+ ocvc|+ sc| ut|||z+o+ no ||+s|| cm g|+noc
csc+|+ C+bc cst|utu|+ oc C| n+c|on+| c+t+||s+| o |occsso +|+ uc cst+ ut|||z+io +contc-
+ o m+|s ccoo oss|vc| C+bc t+mbcm soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ tom+| +s |ov|ocnc|+s +|+ uc
|sto oco||+ oc |o|m+ |cn+ com cst|mu|os +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+s c++c|t+ocs n+c|on+|s
+|+ uc + |oouio n+c|on+| oos cu|+mcntos |c|+c|on+oos + cstc +|ovc|t+mcnto oss+
oco||c| oc |o|m+ comct|t|v+ +|+ uc o +|s nio sc,+ um mc|o |mo|t+oo| o+s so|uocs tcc-
no|og|c+s ocscnvo|v|o+s u|t|+m+|
Parte
8lonergla
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||ocnc|g|+
Bioenergia
Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira
1. Introduo
^ mooc|n+ b|ocnc|g|+ const|tu| um tcm+ cst|+tcg|co +|+ + C no ||+s|| o| cont+ oo ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto ,+ +|c+n+oo n+ |oouio oc ct+no| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| c b|oo|csc| bcm como o+s
otcnc|+||o+ocs cx|stcntcs +|+ o |nc|cmcnto ocss+ |oouio c + |nt|oouio oc novos |occssos
|cst+ scssio |o| +|cscnt+oo c o|scut|oo o u+o|o +tu+| oc |oouio oc b|ocombust|vc|s ||u|-
oos +n+||s+noo com m+|o| oct+||c os +scctos |c|+t|vos sustcnt+b|||o+oc o+ |oouio oc ct+-
no| c +s c|scct|v+s +|+ +s tccno|og|+s vc|cu|+|cs oc |ntc|cssc +|+ cssc b|ocombust|vc|
|ouvc um+ bo+ +|t|c|+io oo ub||co uc +m||ou + o|scussio +|+ out|os b|ocombust|vc|s c
+scctos o+ b|ocnc|g|+ ^s not+s + scgu|| |ocu|+m s|ntct|z+| + scssio c +|cscnt+| |ccomcno+-
ocs +|+ o cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc um+ +gcno+ oc || cm b|ocnc|g|+ +b|+ngcntc c vo|t+o+ +|+
+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc o+s c+oc|+s cnc|gct|c+s
+ ||o|csso| oo |nst|tuto oc |ccu|sos |+tu|+|s o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oc |t+,ub+ (|n||c|)
|u|z ûgusto |o|t+ |oguc||+
:,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
2. Apresentaes
Cum||noo o |og|+m+ ocn|oo c|os o|g+n|z+oo|cs o+ Con|c|cnc|+ |+c|on+| oc C|cnc|+ cc-
no|og|+ c |nov+io (C|C|) ou|+ntc cst+ scssio |o|+m c|ctu+o+s t|cs +|cscnt+ocs cob||noo
o||c|cntcs +scctos oos b|ocombust|vc|s ||u|oos com cn|+sc no ct+no|
^ ||mc||+ +|cscnt+io cou + c+|go oc ||c+|oo oc Cusmio |o|nc||cs o||cto| oo |c+|t+-
mcnto oc ||ocombust|vc|s oo ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c |nc|g|+ uc o|sco||cu sob|c + cvo|uio
nos u|t|mos +nos o+ |oouio oc ct+no| c b|oo|csc| no ||+s|| com um+ s|gn|c+t|v+ cx+nsio o+
c++c|o+oc |nst+|+o+ cm un|o+ocs |oouto|+s c +m||+io oo vo|umc |oouz|oo conso||o+noo
+ +|t|c|+io o+ b|ocnc|g|+ n+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ n+c|on+| c |oo|c|on+noo +s b+scs +|+ um+
|+t+|o|m+ oc cxo|t+io oc b|ocombust|vc|s cu,o ocscnvo|v|mcnto +|no+ occnoc csscnc|+|-
mcntc o+ suc|+io oc b+||c||+s comc|c|+|s nos +|scs otcnc|+|s consum|oo|cs
|m scgu|o+ u+n| c|xc||+ Coc||o coo|ocn+oo|+ oo Ccnt|o |+c|on+| oc |c|c|cnc|+ cm ||ocnc|-
g|+ (Ccnb|o) o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oc io |+u|o +bo|oou + sustcnt+b|||o+oc o+ |oouio oc ct+no| oc
c+n+-oc-+uc+| Os o+oos |c|+t|vos + css+ +g|o|noust||+ sio cx|css|vos no ||+s|| n+ u|t|m+ s+||+
cm um+ +|c+ oc m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs |o|+m co|||oos c |occss+oos m|||ocs oc tonc|+o+s
+|c|+|mcntc ut|||z+oos +|+ um+ |oouio oc b|||ocs oc ||t|os oc ct+no| |x|o|+noo +s o|-
|c|cntcs vc|tcntcs o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc (cconom|c+ soc|+| c +mb|cnt+|) u+n| Coc||o +|cscntou
+) os s|gn|c+t|vos g+n|os oc |oout|v|o+oc +g||co|+ c |noust||+| occo||cntcs ||nc|+|mcntc o+
+g|cg+io oc con|cc|mcnto n+s o|vc|s+s ct++s |oout|v+s o+ c+n+ c oo ct+no| uc c|m|t||+m
um+ |c|cv+ntc |couio oc custos com + c|ct|v+ comct|t|v|o+oc oo ct+no| ||cntc +os combust|vc|s
convcnc|on+|s b) o c|cv+oo numc|o oc cm|cgos gc|+oos mcsmo com + |ntcns+ mcc+n|z+io o+s
oc|+ocs oc co||c|t+ +oot+o+ nos u|t|mos +nos uc |omovc + |couio o+ ocm+no+ oc t|+b+||+-
oo|cs mcnos u+||c+oos c mc||o|+ + u+||o+oc oo cm|cgo ncss+ +g|o|noust||+ c c) os o||c|cntcs
bcnc||c|os +mb|cnt+|s oo ct+no| cm +|t|cu|+| + b+|x+ |ntcns|o+oc n+ ocm+no+ oc tc||+s (ocv|oo
+|t+ |oout|v|o+oc) |+t|c+mcntc scm |m+cto n+ |oouio oc +||mcntos o b+|xo uso oc +g|ou|-
m|cos c + ||m|t+o+ cm|ssio oc o|ucntcs |oc+|s c g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ |o| t+mbcm +|cscnt+oo
o zonc+mcnto +g|o+mb|cnt+| cscc|co +|+ + cu|tu|+ c+n+v|c||+ ocscnvo|v|oo +|+ io |+u|o c
||+s|| uc o||cnt+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto cm b+scs sustcnt+vc|s ocss+ cu|tu|+
Conc|u|noo +s +|cscnt+ocs |osc| |cn|y o||cto| tccn|co o+ ^ssoc|+io |+c|on+| oc |+b||c+n-
tcs oc Vc|cu|os (^n|+vc+) most|ou como + tccno|og|+ vc|cu|+| +v+nou nos u|t|mos +nos cm
cscc|+| +s +|tc|+ocs uc c|m|t||+m o uso oc ct+no| nos moto|cs cm m|stu|+s com g+so||n+ ou
u|o c m+|s |cccntcmcntc cm moto|cs cx|vc|s cu,+s gc|+ocs m+|s |cccntcs c|m|tcm + oc-
|+io tot+|mcntc |noccnocntc oc g+so||n+ com + +|t|o+ +cn+s com ct+no| mcsmo cm o|+s
m+|s |||os |o|+m +|no+ comcnt+o+s +s c|scct|v+s cm mco|o |+zo uc |nc|ucm os vc|cu|os
c|ct||cos ||b||oos c + b+tc||+ um+ tccno|og|+ com|cmcnt+| +os b|ocombust|vc|s
||ocnc|g|+
:,+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||ocnc|g|+
3. Comentrios e recomendaes
^ +uo|cnc|+ +|t|c|ou +t|v+mcntc o+ scssio |ocu|+noo csc|+|cc|mcntos sob|c os tcm+s +|c-
scnt+oos c|os con|c|cnc|st+s c cont||bu|noo com novos c|cmcntos oc |ntc|cssc +|+ + b|oc-
nc|g|+ |o|+m +|cscnt+o+s m+|s oc c|gunt+s c obsc|v+ocs cm +|t|cu|+| |c|+c|on+o+s +os
+scctos tccno|og|cos c soc|+|s (como gc|+io oc cm|cgo c |n|o|m+io +os consum|oo|cs) o+
b|ocnc|g|+ uc os con|c|cnc|st+s |csonoc|+m c comcnt+|+m |m+ const+t+io |cco||cntc |o|
uc + b|ocnc|g|+ c com|cx+ c o|vc|s|c+o+ cm su+s |o|m+s oc |oouio c uso |nc|u|noo um+
+m|+ g+m+ oc oss|b|||o+ocs c csc+|+s |oout|v+s ocsoc |cn|+ +|+ uso oomcst|co ou |oou-
io oc c+|vio vcgct+| +tc os b|ocombust|vc|s ||u|oos como o ct+no| c o b|oo|csc| +ss+noo
c|o b|og+s c o g+s oc ||o||sc oc m+tc||+|s ||gno-cc|u|os|cos c+bcnoo oo|tun+mcntc |nc|u|| cs-
s+s |ot+s n+s +n+||scs c c|scct|v+s o+ b|ocnc|g|+ no ||+s||
+mbcm |o| ocst+c+o+ + g|+noc |mo|tnc|+ oc uc +s o||t|c+s ub||c+s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to o+ b|ocnc|g|+ cm um m+|co oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc |ccon|c+m o +c| csscnc|+| o+ |o|m+io
oc |ccu|sos |um+nos ncss+ +|c+ uc nos tcm+s o+ ||ontc||+ oo con|cc|mcnto cx|gcm oc |o|m+
c|csccntc + +||c+io oc tccn|c+s sost|c+o+s como + gcnom|c+ +||c+o+ + |occssos |c|mcnt+-
t|vos c + mooc|+gcm +v+n+o+ oc |occssos tc|m|cos
^ scgu|| +|cscnt+m-sc +|gum+s |ccomcno+ocs +|+ +s o||t|c+s ub||c+s no mb|to o+ cs-
u|s+ ocscnvo|v|mcnto c |nov+io cm b|ocnc|g|+ cons|oc|+noo nio +cn+s os b|ocombust|vc|s
||u|oos c +|t|cu|+|mcntc o ct+no| tcm+ ccnt|+| ocst+ scssio
+ V+|o||z+| + |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos nos +scctos |uno+mcnt+|s c +||c+oos o+
b|ocnc|g|+ cons|oc|+o+ oc |o|m+ +m|+ cm n|vc| oc g|+ou+io c os-g|+ou+io
|nc|cmcnt+| + cc|cnc|+ o+s c+oc|+s |oout|v+s cm b|ocnc|g|+ mco|+ntc + |ntcg|+io
oos |occssos c + v+|o||z+io oo uso oc sub|ooutos ||v||cg|+noo + +ooio oc |ot+s
|oout|v+s com b+|x+ ocm+no+ oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c|cv+o+ |oout|v|o+oc c bo+ |c|+-
io |oouio;|nsumo oc cnc|g|+
||omovc| + o||usio oc tccno|og|+s oc |oouio c uso oc b|ocombust|vc|s ||u|oos c-
c|cntcs cm +|scs com cono|ocs co+|oc||m+t|c+s +ocu+o+s c suc|cntc o|son|b|||o+oc
oc so|o cu|t|v+vc| como oco||c cm o|vc|sos +|scs o+ |cg|io |+t|no-+mc||c+n+
| ^m||+| + |cscn+ oo |st+oo n+ o|g+n|z+io o+ |oouio b|ocnc|gct|c+ b+sc+o+ cm
m+oc||+ +|t|cu|+|mcntc |ocu|+noo mon|to|+| os uxos cnc|gct|cos ncssc contcxto
|omovcnoo + |oouio sustcnt+vc| oc |cn|+ c + +ooio oc tccno|og|+s sustcnt+vc|s
sob|ctuoo +|+ uso |noust||+| c n+s +||c+ocs s|oc|u|g|c+s
|u|z ûgusto |o|t+ |oguc||+
:,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|o| su+ ||sto||+ su+ oot+io oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c ||nc|+|mcntc o| su+s c|scct|v+s c oc-
m+no+s n+ const|uio oc um |utu|o ocsc,+vc| o ||+s|| ocvc cons|oc|+| oc |o|m+ c|csccntc +
b|ocnc|g|+ cm su+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ |o cnt+nto c |mc|+t|vo uc + cont||bu|io oos vcto|cs
b|ocnc|gct|cos sc ocscnvo|v+ oc |o|m+ sustcnt+vc| n+s ct++s oc |oouio c no uso o uc
ooc sc| +|c+n+oo +cn+s com + c|m+ncntc +||c+io oc con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|co c |nov+oo|
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||ocnc|g|+
Relatrio da sesso Bioenergia
Ricardo de Gusmo Dornelles
^ +bc|tu|+ oos t|+b+||os |o| |c|t+ c|o coo|ocn+oo| o+ scssio |o|csso| |u|z ûgusto |o|t+
|oguc||+ uc +|cscntou c+o+ um oos |ntcg|+ntcs o+ mcs+ ||+ u+n| c|xc||+ (+|cst|+ntc)
|cn|y |osc| || (+|cst|+ntc) c || ||c+|oo oc Cusmio |o|nc||cs (|c|+to|) |m |unio oos +t|+-
sos occo||cntcs o+s +t|v|o+ocs |c+||z+o+s c|+ m+n|i o coo|ocn+oo| |cz um+ b|cvc ocsc||io oo
contcuoo o+ scssio c + o|ocm oos t|+b+||os
^ ||mc||+ |ntc|vcnio oo +|nc| |o| |c|t+ c|o |c|+to| || ||c+|oo |o|nc||cs o||cto| oo |c+|t+-
mcnto oc Combust|vc|s |cnov+vc|s oo ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c |nc|g|+ |o|nc||cs |ocu|ou ocs-
t+c+| + v|sio oo govc|no +|+ o scto| oc b|ocnc|g|+ + |mo|tnc|+ o+ |nov+io c os ocs+os +
cn||cnt+| C|t+noo + |cccntc ub||c+io oo |c|+to||o oo ||+no |cccn+| oc |nc|g|+ (|||) +|+ o
c||ooo oc .o+o + .o+, comcntou + |mo|tnc|+ oo |+nc,+mcnto |+zcnoo b|cvc ||sto||co o+
|ctom+o+ o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc |+nc,+mcnto cnc|gct|co c|o govc|no |coc|+| +os |ongo c||ooo
cm uc + cst|utu|+ +om|n|st|+t|v+ c + c||sc oo |st+oo |mco||+m uc o |ooc| |xccut|vo uocssc
|oouz|| cstuoos +|+ o scto| sc,+ +|+ o mco|o ou |ongo |+zos
||sto||c+mcntc o |+nc,+mcnto scm|c |o| ccnt|+||z+oo no ||+s|| c + +|t|| oo |occsso oc
||v+t|z+io c|ccbcu-sc um v+cuo cm |c|+io s cnt|o+ocs oc |+to |ncumb|o+s ocss+ +t|v|-
o+oc n+ +om|n|st|+io |coc|+|
^ +|t|| oc .oo, com + |ccst|utu|+io oo ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c |nc|g|+ o scto| +ssou + cont+|
com + +|t|c|+io m+|s +tu+ntc oo govc|no |coc|+| n+ conouio oo |+nc,+mcnto cnc|gct|-
co |o|nc||cs ocst+cou +s ou+s ||nc|+|s ub||c+ocs oo ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c |nc|g|+ o ||+no
+ |c+|t+mcnto oc Combust|vc|s |cnov+vc|s oo ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c |nc|g|+ (|||)
||c+|oo oc Cusmio |o|nc||cs
:,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|+c|on+| oc |nc|g|+ (||| .o,o) uc +|cscnt+ + v|sio oc govc|no +|+ o |ongo |+zo ub||c+oo
cm novcmb|o oc .oo; c o ||+no |cccn+| oc |nc|g|+ (|||) uc cob|c o |o||zontc oos |ox|mos
ocz +nos c uc c +tu+||z+oo c ub||c+oo +nu+|mcntc
O ||| .o+o-.o+, tcm |oco n+ +n+||sc o+ ocm+no+ cnc|gct|c+ no +|s +|+ too+s +s |ontcs oc
cnc|g|+ ||m+||+ |+|+ +tcnoc| o mc|c+oo oc +co|oo com o |c|+to||o o ||+s|| cont|nu+|+ + ||v|-
|cg|+| +s |ontcs |cnov+vc|s oc cnc|g|+ cm cscc|+| + b|ocnc|g|+ O cstuoo most|+ uc cm .o+,
|s/ o+ cnc|g|+ consum|o+ no ||+s|| sc|io |cnov+vc|s ^s ou+s ||nc|+|s |ontcs |cnov+vc|s oo
||+s|| cont|nu+|io + sc| + ||o|oc|ct||c|o+oc c os oc||v+oos o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+| |st+ scgunoo o
||| |csonoc|+ o| o+ o|c|t+ |ntc|n+ oc cnc|g|+ cm +umcnt+noo +|no+ m+|s su+
+|t|c|+io cm |c|+io o|c|t+ oc cnc|g|+ ||o|+u||c+ uc cm .o+, sc|+ oc +.;/
|m tc|mos |c|+t|vos o +|s m+ntc|+ + |oo|io oc |s/ oc cnc|g|+ |cnov+vc| n+ su+ m+t||z
cnc|gct|c+ |o cnt+nto css+ m+nutcnio nio s|gn|c+ uc nio |+vc|+ c|csc|mcnto o+ o|c|t+ oc
cnc|g|+ |cnov+vc| ou +|no+ uc nio sc|+ ncccss+||o um g|+noc cs|o|o ncssc scnt|oo |+ntc| +
+|t|c|+io oc |s/ oc cnc|g|+ |cnov+vc| cm su+ m+t||z +|+ um +|s como o ||+s|| s|gn|c+
cn||cnt+| um g|+noc ocs+o n+ cx+nsio o+ o|c|t+ |o |o||zontc occcn+| o ||+s|| v+| +g|cg+|
um+ ou|+io cu|v+|cntc oo C|||c ou cc|c+ oc +|. m|||ocs oc |+b|t+ntcs +|cm oc c|cscc|
+ su+ cconom|+ o uc +umcnt+ s|gn|c+t|v+mcntc + ocm+no+ o| cnc|g|+ |o| |sso +cn+s +|+
m+ntc| o c|ccntu+| oc |s/ c|t+oo +ntc||o|mcntc + |oouio oc ct+no| c|cscc|+ ,e/ c + |o-
ouio oc b|oc|ct||c|o+oc ,;/ no c||ooo oc .o+o + .o+,
cgunoo |o|nc||cs ncssc |o||zontc c g|+noc o ocs+o uc sc co|oc+ +|+ + b|ocnc|g|+ no +|s c
+|+ co||csonoc| + cssc ocs+o cont+-sc com + |nov+io cm c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ O ocs+o oc
+co|oo com o o||cto| to|n+-sc +|no+ m+|o| o|uc o ||+s|| cmbo|+ tcn|+ cxc|t|sc n+ +|c+ nio
tcm + mcsm+ |n||+cst|utu|+ |+bo|+to||+| oc ont+ no govc|no ou n+ |n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+ como os
+|scs ocscnvo|v|oos not+o+mcntc os ||^
|o|nc||cs c|tou +|no+ o c+|+tc| |cnov+vc| o+ cnc|g|+ o+ b|om+ss+ o||uno+ cm u|t|m+ +n+||sc o+
cnc|g|+ so|+| c|t+noo o |+to oc o ||+s|| +|no+ tc| |cg|ocs |so|+o+s com |+|t+ oc +ccsso cnc|g|+
|o| |sso cons|oc|+| o +|s como um tooo c oc cxt|cm+ |mo|tnc|+ ncssc scto| no u+| sc ||o+
com g|+nocs o|s+||o+ocs |cg|on+|s
u+noo sc |+|+ cm b|ocnc|g|+ + |nc|usio soc|+| ooc c ocvc sc| cons|oc|+o+ no ocscn|o o+s
o||t|c+s ub||c+s |cucnos |oouto|cs oocm sc| |nc|u|oos n+ o|c|t+ oc m+tc||+s-||m+s +|+
+ |oouio oc b|ocnc|g|+ no cnt+nto c |mo|t+ntc busc+| scm|c g+n|os oc |oout|v|o+oc
^ cucn+ csc+|+ oc |oouio c oss|vc| ocsoc uc |c|t+ com bons |no|ccs oc |oout|v|o+oc
^||+n,os |oout|vos |oc+|s oocm sc| conccb|oos oc mooo + |oo|c|on+| g+n|os oc cc|cnc|+
|c|+to||o o+ scssio ||ocnc|g|+
:,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||ocnc|g|+
oc |occssos c tccn|c+s oc |oouio |nccnt|vos +|+ |sso ocvcm sc| cons|oc|+oos c o ||og|+m+
|+c|on+| oc ||oouio c |so oc ||oo|csc| o |||| c cxcm|o o|sso
|o c+so oo b|oo|csc| |o|nc||cs cn|+t|zou + |mo|tnc|+ o+ |nc|usio oc cucnos +g||cu|to|cs n+
|oouio oc m+tc||+s-||m+s o| mc|o oo c|o Combust|vc| oc|+|
Com ||cucnc|+ o govc|no c + |n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+ no ||+s|| |cccbcm m|ssocs cst|+ngc||+s c no
ocb+tc |ntc|n+c|on+| c|ccbcmos uc os +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos nio +cc|t+m + |nov+io uc ||cs
|ct||+ v+nt+gcns comct|t|v+s o| |sso o ocs+o oc ucb|+| b+||c||+s c c|m+ncntc
|o|nc||cs c|tou +|no+ uc c comum vc||c+| uc ub||c+ocs c|cnt|c+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s n+ +|c+
oc b|ocombust|vc|s mcsmo sob|c o c+so oo ||+s|| sio |c|t+s cm su+ m+|o||+ o| csu|s+oo-
|cs cst|+ngc||os
|css+ +|c+ o+ b|ocnc|g|+ |o|nc||cs c|tou + cst|+tcg|c+ +|t|c|+io oo ||+s|| no g|uo oco|c+oo
b|ocnc|g|+ no mb|to o+ ^gcnc|+ |ntc|n+c|on+| oc |nc|g|+ (^||) ^ ^|| c um+ o|g+n|z+io |n-
tc|govc|n+mcnt+| |uno+o+ no contcxto oo ||mc||o c|ouc oo ct|o|co cm +,;, c um+ o|g+n|-
z+io v|ncu|+o+ O|g+n|z+io +|+ Cooc|+io c |cscnvo|v|mcnto |conom|co (OC||) ^tu+
como consu|to| cm o||t|c+ cnc|gct|c+ +|+ os .s +|scs mcmb|os no scu cs|o|o +|+ +sscgu|+|
o +b+stcc|mcnto oc cnc|g|+ cm n|vc| g|ob+| O ||+s|| nio c +|s mcmb|o o+ +gcnc|+ c +|s con-
v|o+oo |ntcg|+ntc oo com|tc cxccut|vo
^ +gcnc|+ ub||c+ |cgu|+|mcntc t|+b+||os uc contcm um+ v+st+ +bo|o+gcm nos +ssuntos |c|c-
|cntcs cnc|g|+ uc cont||bucm +|+ + o|sscm|n+io oc bo+s |+t|c+s com +n+||sc o+s ||nc|+|s
o||t|c+s +oot+o+s cm tooo o munoo
O ||+s|| o| su+ |ccon|cc|o+ c++c|o+oc n+ |oouio c uso o+ b|ocnc|g|+ |o| conv|o+oo + +|-
t|c|+| oo cs|o|o n+ ^|| +|+ o|sscm|n+| + b|ocnc|g|+ O c|+m+oo |o'eoeo:o êeoeo: oc
b|ocnc|g|+ +g|cg+ +, g|uos oc t|+b+||o oos u+|s o ||+s|| +|t|c|+ cm u+t|o
O ||+s|| |ccon|ccc uc cx|stc v|cs cont|+||o +os |ntc|csscs oos +|scs cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto no uc
sc |c|c|c +o contcuoo c |o|m+ com uc + +gcnc|+ t|+t+ + b|ocnc|g|+ cm su+s ub||c+ocs O go-
vc|no tcm |c|to gcstocs no m+|s +|to n|vc| n+ ^|| +|+ |cvc|tc| |sso c + +|t|c|+io +t|v+ oos ccn-
t|os oco|c+oos csu|s+ c |nov+io no scto| oc b|ocnc|g|+ sc|+ |uno+mcnt+| ncssc |occsso
ô conc|u|| |o|nc||cs +ontou o uc cm scu cntcno|mcnto const|tu| o con,unto oos ||nc|+|s
ocs+os oc |nov+io +|+ + b|ocnc|g|+ no ||+s||
:,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
+ O ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo mc|c+oo oc b|ocombust|vc|s com c+oc|+s |oout|v+s c mc|c+-
oos bcm cst|utu|+oos c um+ cono|io |no|scns+vc| +|+ +sscgu|+| + v|+b|||o+oc o+ cs-
u|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto no scto|
. |io c oss|vc| obtc| cc|cnc|+ no |occsso oc convc|sio o+ b|om+ss+ scm cn||cnt+| os
ocs+os oc |omovc| + |nov+io cm tooos os c|os o+ c+oc|+ |oout|v+
, ^ o|vc|s|c+io o+s m+tc||+s-||m+s no c+so oo b|oo|csc| c o m+|s |mo|t+ntc ocs+o
oc |nov+io ^ sustcnt+b|||o+oc o+ c+oc|+ oc |oouio occnoc oc g+n|os oc |oout|-
v|o+oc com+t|vc|s com + o|mcnsio oo mc|c+oo oc cnc|g|+
| ||omoio oc tccno|og|+s c++zcs oc v|+b|||z+| + |couio oo contcuoo oc c+|bono o+s
|ontcs cnc|gct|c+s
Ccstio oos |ccu|sos cm|cg+oos com |couio oc cnc|g|+ |oss|| no |occsso |oout|vo
+umcnto o+ |oout|v|o+oc o| |cct+|c m+x|m|z+noo +ss|m os g+n|os oc |couio oc
cm|ssocs oc g+scs oc c|c|to cstu|+ (C||)
e |cscnvo|v|mcnto cm csc+|+ comc|c|+| oos b|ocombust|vc|s oc||v+oos o+ b|om+ss+
cc|u|os|c+
^ scguno+ |ntc|vcnio o+ scssio oc b|ocnc|g|+ |o| |c|t+ c|+ ||mc||+ +|cst|+ntc |o|csso|+ u-
+n| Coc||o ^ +|cscnt+io o+ |o|csso|+ u+n| Coc||o |nt|tu|+o+ ustcnt+b|||o+oc oo |t+no| oc
C+n+-oc-ûc+| ocst+cou + cc|t|c+io oos b|ocombust|vc|s como cx|gcnc|+ oos +|scs |nous-
t||+||z+oos +|+ +cc|t+| + su+ |nt|oouio cm scus mc|c+oos C|tou +|no+ + |c+||o+oc oc o|vc|sos
+|scs o+ ^mc||c+ |+t|n+ ^|||c+ c ^s|+ uc nio tcm cono|ocs oc cum||| |ntcg|+|mcntc o n|vc|
oc cx|gcnc|+ uc tcm s|oo o|scut|oo nos |o|uns |ntc|n+c|on+|s uc tcm o|scut|oo o tcm+
|+|+ |nt|oouz|| + o|scussio sob|c sustcnt+b|||o+oc + |o|csso|+ u+n| +|cscntou os numc|os
o+ |oouio c oo uso oo ct+no| no ||+s|| |m scgu|o+ +bo|oou oct|o+mcntc os t|cs ||+|cs uc
ocncm + sustcnt+b|||o+oc
|+ o|mcnsio cconom|c+ + comct|t|v|o+oc oo ct+no| b|+s||c||o cm |c|+io g+so||n+ |o| ocs-
t+c+o+ |+|+ |sso cont||bucm n+ o|n|io o+ csu|s+oo|+ os g+n|os oc |oout|v|o+oc oc ,s/
+o +no ou|+ntc o c||ooo oc + obt|oos n+ |oouio c uc |nco|o|+m tccno|og|+
t+nto n+ |+sc +g||co|+ u+nto n+ |+sc |noust||+| ^|cscntou o ocscmcn|o o+ |oout|v|o+oc o+
c+n+-oc-+uc+| o| |cct+|c com+|+noo out|+s cu|tu|+s cnc|gct|c+s (bctc||+b+ m|||o c t||go)
c o b+|+no cnc|gct|co uc no c+so oo ct+no| o+ c+n+-oc-+uc+| tcm ocscmcn|o s|gn|c+-
t|v+mcntc suc||o| oc ,, un|o+ocs oc cnc|g|+ |oouz|o+s +|+ c+o+ un|o+oc oc cnc|g|+ |oss||
consum|o+ no |occsso
:,)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||ocnc|g|+
|+ o|mcnsio soc|+| o scto| oc ct+no| ocst+c+-sc com + gc|+io oc ;oo m|| cm|cgos o||ctos o
uc g+|+ntc um+ |c|+io oc +|+ cm com+|+io com o scto| oc ct|o|co Out|o +sccto
|mo|t+ntc |css+|t+oo c|+ csu|s+oo|+ |o| o n|vc| oc |cmunc|+io oo scto| uc c|oc +cn+s
+|+ + so,+ C|tou t+mbcm o numc|o oc t|+b+||+oo|cs com c+|tc||+ +ss|n+o+ cu,os numc|os no
scto| oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| nio tcm +|+|c|o no scto| +g||co|+ no ||+s||
|m +sccto ncg+t|vo ocst+c+oo c|+ |o|csso|+ u+n| n+ o|mcnsio soc|+| |o| + ucstio oo u-
xo m|g|+to||o oc t|+b+||+oo|cs o+ |cg|io |o|ocstc +|+ + |cg|io uocstc ^ cvo|uio o+ mc-
c+n|z+io tcnoc||+ + |couz|| o uxo oc t|+b+||+oo|cs m+s co|oc+ +o mcsmo tcmo o ocs+o
o+ |cu+||c+io oos t|+b+||+oo|cs ô c|t+| + mcc+n|z+io o+ co||c|t+ oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| +
csu|s+oo|+ |css+|tou + ncccss|o+oc oc sc ncgoc|+| um c||ooo oc c+|cnc|+ +|+ +|scs o-
b|cs uc sc o|susc|cm + |oouz|| c+n+-oc-+uc+| c uc nio oocm |+zc| ||cntc + csscs |nvcs-
t|mcntos n+ |+sc +g||co|+
Os +scctos +mb|cnt+|s comocm + tc|cc||+ o|mcnsio o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc ^ |o|csso|+ u+n|
cn|+t|zou os numc|os oo uso o+ tc||+ no ||+s|| com ocst+uc +|+ +s +|c+s oc +st+gcns |cs-
s+|tou t+mbcm + |mo|tnc|+ oc sc +umcnt+| + |oout|v|o+oc ncss+s +|c+s c scu otcnc|+| +|+
o|son|b|||z+| eo m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs
^ muo+n+ no uso oo so|o c +s cm|ssocs cv|t+o+s c|+ subst|tu|io oc +|c+s oc +st+gcns o|
cu|t|vos oc c+n+-oc-+uc+| sio ocst+c+oos c|os cstuoos oc o+|cs e: a' c|t+oos n+ +|cscnt+-
io ,unt+mcntc com o |otoco|o +ss|n+oo cnt|c os |oouto|cs c o govc|no oo cst+oo oc io
|+u|o +|+ o b+n|mcnto o+s uc|m+o+s |sso cont||bu| +|+ cv|ocnc|+| os g+n|os +o|c|on+|s oc
|couio oc cm|ssio oc C||
^ ucstio o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc t|+ouz|o+ cm |csc|v+ |cg+| m+t+s c|||+|cs c |csc|v+io o+ |+u-
n+ c +|tc |mo|t+ntc oo ocb+tc |+|+ t|+t+| ocss+ ucstio o zonc+mcnto +g|occo|og|co
|oosto c|o govc|no |coc|+| ocscmcn|+|+ +c| |uno+mcnt+| +|+ o||cnt+| + cx+nsio
o+ |oouio +o ||m|t+| + conccssio oc ||ccn+s +mb|cnt+|s |c +co|oo com + csu|s+oo|+ o
govc|no |coc|+| |cz o ocvc| oc c+s+ o|uc + cc|t|c+io o+ |oouio c o ||nc|+| |tcm o+
+ut+ |ntc|n+c|on+| no uc concc|nc + b|ocombust|vc|s |cssc scnt|oo + csu|s+oo|+ con-
c|u|u su+ +|cst|+ +|m+noo uc o ||+s|| ooc|+ sc|v|| oc cxcm|o +|+ ocm+|s +|scs uc
uc||+m |n|c|+| ou cx+no|| + su+ |oouio
^ tc|cc||+ |ntc|vcnio n+ scssio oc b|ocnc|g|+ |o| |c|t+ c|o cngcn|c||o |cn|y |osc| || |c|cscn-
t+ntc o+ ^n|+vc+ uc o|sco||cu sob|c +s c|scct|v+s tccno|og|c+s no uso oos b|ocombust|vc|s
O |c|cscnt+ntc o+ ^n|+vc+ ocst+cou o uso oos b|ocombust|vc|s como combust|vc|s vc|cu|+|cs
c + su+ |mo|tnc|+ +|+ os ocs+os o+ |noust||+ +utomob|||st|c+ no +|s |cn|y |osc| |css+|-
:,s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
tou uc + cvo|uio tccno|og|c+ oos moto|cs scm|c scguc + cvo|uio c + tcnocnc|+ oc uso oos
combust|vc|s |+ +oo +nos + |noust||+ +utomob|||st|c+ cont||bu| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ |n-
oust||+ oc combust|vc|s oc||v+oos oc ct|o|co oo mcsmo mooo como + |noust||+ oo ct|o|co
cont||bu| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oos +utomovc|s a assa
O +ovcnto oos vc|cu|os e\ /ae' no ||+s|| |o| ocscnvo|v|oo com b+sc n+ oss|b|||o+oc oc o usu-
+||o ooc| csco||c| cnt|c us+| + g+so||n+ ou ct+no| ||o|+t+oo u|o c |oo|c|onou + vo|t+ oo
uso oc ct+no| cm |+|g+ csc+|+ no +|s |o| |sso o ||+s|| to|n+-sc |ot+gon|st+ c |c|c|cnc|+ +|+ +
ut|||z+io oos b|ocombust|vc|s cm tooo o munoo n+ |noust||+ +utomob|||st|c+
|m scgu|o+ o +|cst|+ntc +|cscntou + tcnocnc|+ o+ |noust||+ cm |unio oos ocs+os |mostos
c|+s ucstocs +mb|cnt+| c cnc|gct|c+ os moto|cs c|ct||cos uc ooc|io ut|||z+| + |ot+ tccno-
|og|c+ uc v|+b|||z+|+ + ut|||z+io oc ||o|ogcn|o o| mc|o oc cc|u|+s + combust|vc| ou +|no+ uc
||v||cg|cm o uso oc gc|+io cxtc|n+ (b+sc ||o||c+ tc|m|c+ so|+| ctc)
|o| ocst+c+oo uc +|+ os vc|cu|os c|ct||cos + o|t+b|||o+oc o+ cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ cont|nu+ scnoo
+ g|+noc ucstio com + u+| + |noust||+ ocvc|+ +|cscnt+| so|uocs tccno|og|c+s com+t|vc|s
com + csc+|+ oc ut|||z+io no scto| oc t|+nso|tc
cgunoo o +|cst|+ntc os vc|cu|os c|+m+oos ||b||oos tc|io +c| |uno+mcnt+| ncssc |occs-
so oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc nov+s |+t+|o|m+s vc|cu|+|cs uc ||v||cg|+|io os vc|cu|os c|ct||cos
|cssc scnt|oo ucst|onou o +c| oos b|ocombust|vc|s ncssc |occsso busc+noo |csonoc| sc
|+vc||+ cs+o +|+ os b|ocombust|vc|s c como sc o+||+ cssc +v+no
Os ||nc|+|s b|ocombust|vc|s vc|cu|+|cs ut|||z+oos +tu+|mcntc sio
+ |t+no| u|o ou cm m|stu|+s
. ||oo|csc| u|o ou cm m|stu|+s c
, ||og+s u|o com||m|oo ou C|;||
|c +co|oo com |cn|y |osc| || somcntc o ct+no| u|o ou o b|og+s u|o com||m|oo tc|+ +||-
c+ocs no |utu|o o| mc|o o+ ut|||z+io oc cc|u|+s + combust|vc|
||n+|mcntc o +|cst|+ntc conc|u|u su+ |ntc|vcnio |+zcnoo um |csumo oos numc|os oos vc|cu-
|os mov|oos + ct+no| c os vc|cu|os e\ /ae' n+ cvo|uio oo mc|c+oo b|+s||c||o
^ ||mc||+ |+sc o+ ut|||z+io oo ct+no| no ||+s|| cm |+t+|o|m+s mov|o+s cxc|us|v+mcntc + ct+-
no| ||o|+t+oo |csu|tou n+ |+b||c+io oc m|||ocs oc vc|cu|os oco|c+oos ^ scguno+ |+sc com
:,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||ocnc|g|+
o +ovcnto oo vc|cu|o b|combust|vc| mob|||zou ++ mont+oo|+s c ;s mooc|os oc vc|cu|os c |c-
su|tou n+ |+b||c+io oc +oe m|||ocs oc vc|cu|os +tc o momcnto cgunoo |cn|y |osc| || os
vc|cu|os e\ /ae' no ||+s|| ,+ cstio cm su+ u+|t+ gc|+io tccno|og|c+
Os |ox|mos +ssos sc|io o+oos cm o||cio + +v+nos n+ cc|cnc|+ oos moto|cs no cu|to |+-
zo c no ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc vc|cu|os ||b||oos b|combust|vc|s uc sc|io o|son|b|||z+oos no
mco|o |+zo +o consum|oo| b|+s||c||o
^ u+|t+ |ntc|vcnio n+ scssio oc b|ocnc|g|+ |o| |c|t+ c|o |o|csso| |u|z ûgusto |o|t+ |o-
guc||+ O coo|ocn+oo| o+ mcs+ |css+|tou + |mo|tnc|+ oo cvcnto +|+ |+zc| um b+|+no oo u|-
t|mo c||ooo oc govc|no c +|cscnt+| um+ |oost+ oc +gcno+ +|+ os |ox|mos +nos
|+|+ conc|u|| ocst+cou +|no+ uc o ||+s|| c o +|s o+ b|ocnc|g|+ com cno|mcs +|tc|n+t|v+s oc |c-
cu|sos b|ocnc|gct|c+s o| mc|o oc o|vc|s+s |ot+s tccno|og|c+s |o cnt+nto |cg|st|ou sc| |m|cs-
c|no|vc| v+|o||z+| + |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos n+ +|c+ o+ b|ocnc|g|+ cons|oc|+o+ oc |o|m+
+m|+ cm n|vc| oc g|+ou+io c os-g|+ou+io |+ o|n|io oo |o|csso| u+t|o ontos ocvcm
sc| cons|oc|+oos ncss+ +gcno+
+ |c|cnc|+ o+ |oouio oc b|ocnc|g|+ cm |c|+io +o ct+no| +s tccno|og|+s c +|tc|n+t|v+s
cstio ocn|o+s c +m+ou|cc|o+s cm |c|+io +o b|oo|csc| +|no+ |+ um g|+noc c+m|n|o
+ c|co||c| n+ busc+ c|+ |oout|v|o+oc c sustcnt+b|||o+oc ^ |oouio oc +|m+ n+s
||+n,+s o+ ^m+zon|+ sc|+ |mo|t+ntc
. ||om+ss+ so||o+ o +|ovc|t+mcnto +ocu+oo ocvc sc| ||o||z+oo
, ||occssos oc convc|sio nov+s ||ontc||+s ocvcm sc| c|scgu|o+s com o +o|o oc novos
ccnt|os oc csu|s+ Os b|ocombust|vc|s oc scguno+ gc|+io nio sio ncccss+||+mcntc
||o||o+oc +|+ o ||+s|| o|uc +|no+ somos comct|t|vos n+ ||mc||+ gc|+io ^ scgun-
o+ gc|+io c + un|c+ +|tc|n+t|v+ +|+ os +|scs ||cos
| ||cscn+ n+ noss+ |cg|io c nos t|o|cos con|cc|mcnto c o|sscm|n+io o+ |n|o|m+io
sio |mo|t+ntcs no mb|to o+ cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| |x|stcm o|vc|sos +|scs t|o|-
c+|s uc ,+ |oouzcm +uc+| c nio conscgucm +v+n+| n+ |oouio oc b|ocombust|vc|s
Conc|u|o+ + ct++ oc cxos|ocs o coo|ocn+oo| |n|c|ou + scssio oc c|gunt+s cnc+m|n|+o+s
c|+ |+tc|+ oo cvcnto ^ +|t|| oc ucstocs sc+|+o+s o| tcm+s |n|c|ou + |oo+o+ +ss+noo +
+|+v|+ +|+ o o||cto| oo |c+|t+mcnto oc Combust|vc|s |cnov+vc|s oo ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c
|nc|g|+ || ||c+|oo |o|nc||cs
,oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O || |o|nc||cs |csonocu ucst|on+mcnto sob|c o ||og|+m+ oc ||oo|csc| |c +co|oo com +
c|gunt+ +|cscnt+o+ o |og|+m+ oc b|oo|csc| cst+||+ c+m|n|+noo + +ssos |cntos cnu+nto
uc coc+ oo ||o+|coo| o govc|no tc||+ cog|t+oo |m|cmcnt+| o |og|+m+ ||oo|co |o,cto
uc tc||+ s|oo +b+noon+oo O || |o|nc||cs |csonocu |css+|t+noo uc o b|oo|csc| no c+so b|+-
s||c||o +v+nou b+st+ntc c ,+ c|cgou cm mcnos oc c|nco +nos +o mcsmo n|vc| oos ||nc|+|s
|oouto|cs muno|+|s ôm|t|u uc cx|stcm g|+nocs ocs+os c|+ ||cntc uc |nc|ucm + o|vc|s|-
c+io o+s m+tc||+s-||m+s c +umcnto o+ |oout|v|o+oc m+s uc mu|to ,+ sc |cz no scto|
|m out|os ucst|on+mcntos +|cscnt+oos o |c|cscnt+ntc oo govc|no |css+|tou uc no mun-
oo + +|t|c|+io oos b|ocombust|vc|s c oc +cn+s |x|stc cno|mc otcnc|+| +|+ os +|scs
t|o|c+|s c so o ||og|+m+ oc |+|m+ |+n+oo c|o govc|no no ||+s|| |ocnt|cou ., m|||ocs oc
|cct+|cs +tos +|+ o |+nt|o oc +|m+ cm tc||+s ocg|+o+o+s n+ |cg|io ^m+zon|c+ C+so o ||+-
s|| |+nt+ssc cc|c+ oc +o m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs oc +|m+ +|+ |oouio oc b|oo|csc| o +|s sc||+
c++z oc subst|tu|| tooo o o|csc| uc consomc +nu+|mcntc
^ +|t|| oc out|o ucst|on+mcnto o || |o|nc||cs |csonocu uc cm su+ o|n|io os c+||os c|c-
t||cos u|os sio +|tc|n+t|v+ +cn+s +|+ +|scs ||cos
^ um+ ucstio cscc|c+ sob|c + ut|||z+io oc o|cos vcgct+|s u|os cm vc|cu|os o|csc| |css+|tou
uc um |o,cto oc |c| t|+m|tou o|vc|s+s vczcs nos u|t|mos +nos cm |c|+io + css+ oss|b|||o+oc
c uc t+| como +|cscnt+oo nio cont+ com o +o|o oo govc|no
||n+|mcntc |csonocnoo + ucst|on+mcnto sob|c o +b+stcc|mcnto oc ct+no| |css+|tou uc o
o||cm+ oo |oouto| |noust||+| +uc+| .esas ct+no| cx|stc o|cm scm + mcsm+ |mo|tnc|+ oo
+ss+oo um+ vcz uc cmbo|+ |+,+ cx|b|||o+oc n+ |oouio oc um ou oc out|o css+ cx|b|||o+-
oc c |c|+t|v+ c n+ s|tu+io oc .oo, cono|ocs c||m+t|c+s +ovc|s+s |o|+m m+|s |mo|t+ntcs +|+
+ |cst||io o+ o|c|t+ oc |oouto Conc|u|u |css+|t+noo uc cont|+tos oc |ongo |+zo sio |mo|-
t+ntcs +|+ g+|+nt|| o +b+stcc|mcnto c cont||bu|| +|+ + |cv|s|b|||o+oc oos mc|c+oos
O scgunoo g|uo oc c|gunt+s o||cc|on+oo +|+ + |o|csso|+ u+n| Coc||o |csonocu + ucs-
t|on+mcntos sob|c + comct|io o| +||mcntos uc scgunoo + csu|s+oo|+ |o| so|uc|on+oo
o| mc|o o+ o||t|c+ oc zonc+mcnto +g||co|+ no +|s c uc tcm + conv|cio oc uc + |oouio
s|mu|tnc+ oc +||mcntos c b|ocombust|vc|s c c||c|t+mcntc oss|vc| nio so no ||+s||
Com |c|+io +o oss|vc| +|ovc|t+mcnto cnc|gct|co o+ m+no|oc+ +|+ + |oouio oc ct+no|
|css+|tou uc o ||nc|+| |ob|cm+ |cs|oc no b+|+no cnc|gct|co ocs|+vo|+vc| cm |c|+io
c+n+-oc-+uc+|
ob|c + |oouio oc b|ocombust|vc|s n+ ^|||c+ |css+|tou uc + mcc+n|z+io o+ co||c|t+ cncon-
t|+ b+||c||+s n+ |n||+cst|utu|+ oos +|scs ocssc cont|ncntc c uc o uc c m+|s c||t|co ncss+ |cg|io
,o+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
||ocnc|g|+
c + gc|+io oc cm|cgo c |cno+ no c+mo |m ++|tc concco|oo c|+ |o|csso|+ u+n| Coc||o
o || |o|nc||cs conco|oou com + csu|s+oo|+ c cn|+t|zou uc o concc|to oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc c
|o|m+oo o| t|cs ||+|cs cconom|co +mb|cnt+| c soc|+| cgunoo o o||cto| c+o+ um tcm |mo|-
tnc|+ |c|+t|v+ +|+ c+o+ +|s ou |cg|io oo g|obo c uc ncssc scnt|oo c+o+ c+so c o||c|cnc|+oo
O tc|cc||o b|oco oc c|gunt+s |o| ocst|n+oo +o cngcn|c||o |cn|y |osc| || |c|cscnt+ntc o+
^n|+vc+ uc |csonocu ucst|on+mcntos sob|c cm|ssocs oc vc|cu|os + ct+no| sob|c + c|scc-
t|v+ oc mc|c+oo oos c+||os c|ct||cos sob|c + ut|||z+io oc o|cos vcgct+|s cm moto|cs c sob|c +
v|+b|||o+oc oc cc|u|+s + combust|vc| + ct+no|
|m |csost+ ||mc||+ c|gunt+ |cn|y |osc| |css+|tou uc os vc|cu|os e\ /ae' cstio c+o+ vcz
m+|s +||mo|+noo o |cno|mcnto oc scus moto|cs c uc + ucstio o+s cm|ssocs c |mo|t+ntc
+|+ g+|+nt|| o succsso t+nto oo combust|vc| u+nto oos vc|cu|os o|c|t+oos no mc|c+oo ob|c
+ c|scct|v+ oc mc|c+oo +|+ os c+||os c|ct||cos |n|o|mou uc + |noust||+ n+ |u|o+ cst|m+
uc |/ oos vc|cu|os vcno|oos no mc|c+oo cm .o.o sc,+m c|ct||cos
ob|c + ut|||z+io oc o|cos vcgct+|s cm moto|cs o|csc| |o| cn|+t|c+mcntc cont|+ c +|mou uc
somcntc vc|cu|os ocv|o+mcntc +o+t+oos ooc||+m ut|||z+| cssc |oouto como combust|vc|
|cst+cou +|no+ uc +|+ uc + ut|||z+io oo o|co vcgct+| sc,+ cons|oc|+o+ o |co oo o|co
ocvc sc| comct|t|vo
ob|c + v|+b|||o+oc o+ ut|||z+io oo ct+no| cm cc|u|+s + combust|vc| |csonocu uc + |noust||+ no
||+s|| +c|co|t+ ncss+ oss|b|||o+oc c uc cssc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sc|+ |c|to cc|t+mcntc c|o ||+s||
|+|+ cncc||+| + scssio o |o|csso| |u|z |o|t+ tcccu comcnt+||os n+|s ocst+c+noo uc o ||+s||
tcm ocs+os |mo|t+ntcs +|+ + |nov+io no c+mo o+ b|ocnc|g|+ ||nc|+|mcntc no cm|+||-
oo c n+ ^m+zon|+ ^ ut|||z+io cc|cntc o+ b|ocnc|g|+ cm cucn+ csc+|+ c ocs+o c c+mo oc
t|+b+||o cm tooo o +|s
Parte
Combustlvels rossels
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Combust|vc|s |ossc|s
Desaos tecnolgicos para a indstria do
petrleo e gs
Segen Farid Estefen
1. Desaos tecnolgicos para a indstria do petrleo e gs

^ ocscobc|t+ oc s|gn|c+t|v+s |csc|v+s oc ct|o|co c g+s no ||+s|| no u|t|mo +no tc|+ sc + |nous-
t||+ conscgu|| ocscnvo|vc-|+s oc |o|m+ sustcnt+vc| um |m+cto cxt|cm+mcntc |mo|t+ntc no
+|s n+ v|o+ oc tooos os b|+s||c||os Os combust|vc|s |ossc|s cont|nu+|io n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s
scnoo + m+|s |mo|t+ntc |ontc oc cnc|g|+ oo munoo O scu consumo v+| c|cscc| cscc|+|mcn-
tc nos +|scs com ocscnvo|v|mcnto +cc|c|+oo como C||n+ c |no|+ m+s t+mbcm cont|nu+|io
scnoo v|t+|s +|+ + scgu|+n+ cnc|gct|c+ c cconom|+ oc +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos como os |st+oos
|n|oos c os o+ |n|io |u|oc|+ +|t+mcntc occnocntcs oc su+ |mo|t+io
Com o occ|csc|mo oc |oouio oc c+mos m+ou|os oo Co||o oo |cx|co |+| oo |o|tc c ou-
t|+s |cg|ocs +ssoc|+oo +o +umcnto o+ ocm+no+ sc|+ ncccss+||o ocscnvo|vc| out|os c+mos c
ocscob||| novos n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s
O +c| oo |c-s+| b|+s||c||o cxt|+o|+ + ucstio oc |o|ncc|mcnto |ntc|no ô sc to|n+| octcnto|
oc g|+nocs |csc|v+s o ||+s|| ocvc|+ ocscnvo|vc| um |+nc,+mcnto cnc|gct|co uc cons|oc|c +
+g|cg+io oc v+|o| +o ct|o|co b|uto bcncc|+noo-sc o+ csc+sscz muno|+| + +|t|| o+s |ox|m+s
occ+o+s |o|t+nto o +c| oo |c-s+| c mu|to m+|o| uc s|m|csmcntc + g+|+nt|+ o+ scgu|+n+
+ ||o|csso| |tu|+| oo |nst|tuto ^|bc|to |u|z Co|mb|+ oc |os-g|+ou+io c |csu|s+ oc |ngcn|+||+ (CO|||;||||)
cgcn |+||o |stc|cn
,oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
cnc|gct|c+ b|+s||c||+ uc +tu+|mcntc cncont|+-sc bcm cst|utu|+o+ num o|t|o||o o|vc|s|c+oo
oc |ontcs cnc|gct|c+s
^ g|+noc |mo|tnc|+ oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| ocst+ |noust||+ c o scu cno|mc otcn-
c|+| cconom|co ,ust|c+m + ncccss|o+oc oc |nvcst|mcntos |obustos cm C +|+ os cno|mcs
ocs+os tccno|og|cos ocss+ nov+ ||ontc||+ cx|o|+to||+ oc g|+noc com|cx|o+oc n+s su+s |+scs
oc cx|o|+io c |oouio |cvc sc| cn|+t|z+oo uc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc too+ + c+oc|+ o+ |n-
oust||+ b|+s||c||+ oc ct|o|co c g+s so |o| oss|vc| c|os |nvcst|mcntos cont|nuos cm C| c c|+
c++c|t+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos +o |ongo oc m+|s oc t|cs occ+o+s cm +|t|cu|+| no c+mo o+
cngcn|+||+ csnce n+ u+| o ||+s|| o| mc|o o+ |ct|ob|+s c |ccon|cc|o+mcntc o ||oc| muno|+|
O +tu+| +c|ocntc oo Co||o oo |cx|co oco|||oo n+ |+sc oc c||u|+io oc um oo + m+|s oc
m oc |o|uno|o+oc o+ |m|n+ o'+gu+ uc c+usou + cx|osio o+ |+t+|o|m+ c o conscucn-
tc v+z+mcnto oc g|+noc u+nt|o+oc oc o|co cnu+o|+-sc cm um oos m+|o|cs +c|ocntcs o+ ||s-
to||+ o+ |noust||+ oo ct|o|co |cv+nt+noo ucstocs c|uc|+|s u+nto scgu|+n+ o+s oc|+ocs c
|+nos c|ct|vos oc cont|ngcnc|+mcnto cm +gu+s u|t|+|o|uno+s ^ tccno|og|+ +tc cntio cm|c-
g+o+ sc most|ou vu|nc|+vc| u+nto s b+||c||+s oc |cvcnio |c|cscnt+o+s c|o |O| (o'c. ca:
e.eo:e) c s +ocs oc cmc|gcnc|+ +|+ cst+nc+| o v+z+mcnto cm tcmo oc cv|t+| + c+t+st|o|c
occo||cntc oc m+|s oc oo|s mcscs oc |oouio ocscont|o|+o+
|os c+mos oo |c-s+| +s |o|uno|o+ocs o+ |m|n+ o'+gu+ +t|ngcm v+|o|cs o+ o|ocm oc su-
c||o|cs c + c||u|+io +b+|xo oo so|o m+||n|o c com||c+o+ c|+ cscssu|+ +o|c|on+| o+ c+m+-
o+ oc s+| com cc|c+ oc m Os ||scos |nc|cntcs s +t|v|o+ocs oc c||u|+io c |oouio sio
conscucntcmcntc suc||o|cs ocv|oo s m+|o|cs |cssocs cxtc|n+ c |ntc|n+ +tu+ntcs nos cu|-
+mcntos + m+|o| com|cx|o+oc o+s |ntc|vcnocs oc cmc|gcnc|+ + |og|st|c+ o|cu|t+o+ c|+s
o|stnc|+s o+ cost+ suc||o|cs + |m c +s so||c|t+ocs +mb|cnt+|s m+|s scvc|+s ||nc|+|mcntc
u+nto s ono+s Out|o ocs+o tccno|og|co + cons|oc|+| c + oco||cnc|+ oc CO
c |

|m +|guns c+mos com contcuoo cxccss|vo oc CO
sc|+ ncccss+||o o cm|cgo oc tccn|c+s oc

sc+|+io c +|m+zcn+mcnto |+t+-sc oc tccno|og|+ |c|+t|v+mcntc nov+ uc tc|+ o ocs+o oc
sc| +o+t+o+ +|+ +s oc|+ocs csnce onoc os cs+os o|son|vc|s n+s |+t+|o|m+s sio |cou-
z|oos O out|o ocs+o c ocn|| + mc||o| |o|m+ oc cstoc+| o CO
busc+noo com+t|b|||z+| + cs-

toc+gcm com o +umcnto o+ |cssio no |csc|v+to||o c conscucntc +c|csc|mo o+ |ccuc|+io
oo ct|o|co comcns+noo +|tc oos g+stos cnvo|v|oos
^ oco||cnc|+ oo |
|cv+ ncccss|o+oc oc csu|s+s +v+n+o+s n+ +|c+ oos m+tc||+|s + sc|cm

cm|cg+oos no |c-s+| v|s+noo g+|+nt|| + |ntcg||o+oc oos cu|+mcntos c com |sso |nouz|noo
o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s cscc|c+s oc |cvcst|mcnto c |otcio O ocscnvo|v|mcnto
oc |ooutos c sc|v|os cscc|cos +|+ cssc t|o oc oc|+io t|+|io v+nt+gcns comct|t|v+s nos
|cs+os tccno|og|cos +|+ + |noust||+ oo ct|o|co c g+s
,o)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
mc|c+oos |ntc|n+c|on+|s oc |oouio cm +gu+s u|t|+|o|uno+s c++c|t+noo + |noust||+ n+c|o-
n+| +|+ o |o|ncc|mcnto |ntc|n+c|on+| oc |ooutos c sc|v|os
O |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc || c c++c|t+io oc csso+| +ss+m + sc| v|t+|s +|+ + cs-
t|utu|+io o+ c+oc|+ |oout|v+ ^ gcstio oo con|cc|mcnto oo |c-s+| oc |o|m+ |noccnocntc
v|+ + c||+io oc um |nst|tuto n+c|on+| cst|+tcg|co oc C oo |c-s+| +nco|+oo n+s un|vc|s|o+ocs
c ccnt|os oc csu|s+ com |ccon|cc|o+ c++c|t+io no tcm+ ocvc sc| cons|oc|+o+ como um+
o+s ||o||o+ocs n+s +ocs + sc|cm cm|ccno|o+s cm cu|to |+zo
^s +ocs cm ||| n+ +|c+ oo ct|o|co ocvcm sc| |oc+o+s no +o|o +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+s |c-
sc|v+s c n+ |oouio oos |csc|v+to||os oo |c-s+| Os scgu|ntcs to|cos ocvcm sc| ||o||z+oos
+ C||+io oo |nst|tuto n+c|on+| cst|+tcg|co oc C oo |c-s+|
|ocnt|c+io oc ||scos c +v+||+io o+ con+b|||o+oc n+s oc|+ocs csnce n+s |+scs oc
cx|o|+io |oouio c t|+nso|tc com |oos|io oc tccno|og|+s c |occo|mcntos
+|+ + |cvcnio oc +c|ocntcs
|ntcg|+io oc tccno|og|+s ,+ cx|stcntcs c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc out|+s ncccss+||+s +|+ +
|oos|io oc |+nos oc cont|ngcnc|+ |obustos
| ^m||+io oos cs|o|os oc C +|+ t|+t+mcnto c +|m+zcn+mcnto oc CO
c +|+ o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc m+tc||+|s +|+ |cs|st|| c |otcgc| os cu|+mcntos o+ +io oo |
^v+||+io oc +|tc|n+t|v+s c |oos|io oc so|uocs +|+ o +|m+zcn+mcnto c t|+nso|tc

oo g+s n+tu|+|
e |ntcg|+io o+s +ocs oc C| ocscnvo|v|o+s c|+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ com os |o|nc-
ccoo|cs oc |ooutos c sc|v|os o+ c+oc|+ oc su||mcntos
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Relatrio da sesso Combustveis fsseis
(petrleo, gs e carvo mineral)
Fernando Luiz Zancan
1. Desaos tecnolgicos para a indstria do petrleo e gs

^ ocscobc|t+ oc s|gn|c+t|v+s |csc|v+s oc ct|o|co c g+s no ||+s|| no u|t|mo +no tc|+ sc + |n-
oust||+ conscgu|| ocscnvo|vc-|+s oc |o|m+ sustcnt+vc| um |m+cto cxt|cm+mcntc |mo|t+ntc
no +|s n+ v|o+ oc tooos b|+s||c||os Os combust|vc|s |ossc|s cont|nu+|io n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s
scnoo + m+|s |mo|t+ntc |ontc oc cnc|g|+ oo munoo O scu consumo v+| c|cscc| cscc|+|mcn-
tc nos +|scs com ocscnvo|v|mcnto +cc|c|+oo como C||n+ c |no|+ m+s t+mbcm cont|nu+|io
scnoo v|t+|s +|+ + scgu|+n+ cnc|gct|c+ c cconom|c+ oc +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos como os |st+oos
|n|oos c os o+ |n|io |u|oc|+ +|t+mcntc occnocntcs oc su+ |mo|t+io
Com o occ|csc|mo oc |oouio oc c+mos m+ou|os oo Co||o oo |cx|co |+| oo |o|tc c ou-
t|+s |cg|ocs +ssoc|+oo +o +umcnto o+ ocm+no+ sc|+ ncccss+||o ocscnvo|vc| out|os c+mos c
ocscob||| novos n+s |ox|m+s occ+o+s
O +c| oo |c-s+| b|+s||c||o cxt|+o|+ + ucstio oc |o|ncc|mcnto |ntc|no ô sc to|n+| octcnto|
oc g|+nocs |csc|v+s o ||+s|| ocvc|+ ocscnvo|vc| um |+nc,+mcnto cnc|gct|co uc cons|oc|c +
+g|cg+io oc v+|o| +o ct|o|co b|uto |o|t+nto o +c| oo |c-s+| c mu|to m+|o| uc s|m|cs-
mcntc + g+|+nt|+ o+ scgu|+n+ cnc|gct|c+ b|+s||c||+ uc ,+ sc cncont|+ bcm cst|utu|+o+ com um
o|t|o||o o|vc|s|c+oo oc |ontcs cnc|gct|c+s
+ ||cs|ocntc o+ ^ssoc|+io ||+s||c||+ oc C+|vio ||nc|+| (^|C|)
|c|n+noo |u|z z+nc+n
,+o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
^ g|+noc |mo|tnc|+ oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| ocst+ |noust||+ c o scu cno|mc otcn-
c|+| cconom|co ,ust|c+m + ncccss|o+oc oc |nvcst|mcntos |obustos cm C| +|+ os cno|mcs
ocs+os tccno|og|cos ocss+ nov+ ||ontc||+ cx|o|+to||+ oc g|+noc com|cx|o+oc n+s su+s |+scs
oc cx|o|+io c |oouio |cvc sc| cn|+t|z+oo uc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc too+ + c+oc|+ o+ |n-
oust||+ b|+s||c||+ oc ct|o|co c g+s so |o| oss|vc| c|os |nvcst|mcntos cont|nuos cm C| c c|+
c++c|t+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos +o |ongo oc m+|s oc t|cs occ+o+s cm +|t|cu|+| no c+mo o+
cngcn|+||+ csnce n+ u+| o ||+s|| o| mc|o o+ |ct|ob|+s c |ccon|cc|o+mcntc o ||oc| muno|+|
O +tu+| +c|ocntc oo Co||o oo |cx|co oco|||oo n+ |+sc oc c||u|+io oc um oo + m+|s oc
m oc |o|uno|o+oc o+ |m|n+ o'+gu+ uc c+usou + cx|osio o+ |+t+|o|m+ c o conscucn-
tc v+z+mcnto oc g|+noc u+nt|o+oc oc o|co cnu+o|+-sc cm um oos m+|o|cs +c|ocntcs o+ ||s-
to||+ o+ |noust||+ oo ct|o|co |cv+nt+noo ucstocs c|uc|+|s u+nto scgu|+n+ o+s oc|+ocs c
|+nos c|ct|vos oc cont|ngcnc|+mcnto cm +gu+s u|t|+|o|uno+s
^cs+| oc +|no+ nio s+bc|mos +s |c+|s c+us+s oo +c|ocntc |occo|mcntos sc|io +|tc|+oos |c-
v+noo + |noust||+ oo ct|o|co + ocscnvo|vc| nov+s tccno|og|+s +|+ m|n|m|z+| os ||scos ocst+
oc|+io como ,+ |o| |c|to com succsso cm out|+s oc+s|ocs ^ tccno|og|+ cm|cg+o+ c os |o-
cco|mcntos +oot+oos +tc cntio most|+|+m-sc |nsuc|cntcs +|+ cv|t+| + c+t+st|o|c occo||cntc
oc m+|s oc oo|s mcscs oc |oouio ocscont|o|+o+ ||nc|+|mcntc no uc sc |c|c|c s +ocs uc
busc+v+m cont|o|+| cstc v+z+mcnto
|os c+mos oo |c-s+| +s |o|uno|o+ocs o+ |m|n+ o'+gu+ +t|ngcm v+|o|cs o+ o|ocm oc su-
c||o|cs c + c||u|+io +b+|xo oo so|o m+||n|o c com||c+o+ c|+ cscssu|+ +o|c|on+| o+ c+m+-
o+ oc s+| com cc|c+ oc m Os ||scos |nc|cntcs s +t|v|o+ocs oc c||u|+io c |oouio o-
oc|io sc| suc||o|cs ocv|oo s m+|o|cs |cssocs cxtc|n+ c |ntc|n+ +tu+ntcs nos cu|+mcntos
+ m+|o| com|cx|o+oc o+s |ntc|vcnocs oc cmc|gcnc|+ + |og|st|c+ o|cu|t+o+ c|+s o|stnc|+s
o+ cost+ suc||o|cs + |m c +s so||c|t+ocs +mb|cnt+|s m+|s scvc|+s ||nc|+|mcntc u+nto
s ono+s Out|o ocs+o tccno|og|co + cons|oc|+| c + oco||cnc|+ oc CO
c |

|m +|guns c+m-
os com m+|o| contcuoo oc CO
sc|+ ncccss+||o o cm|cgo oc tccn|c+s oc c+tu|+ c +|m+zc-

n+mcnto oc CO
|+t+-sc oc tccno|og|+ |c|+t|v+mcntc nov+ uc tc|+ o ocs+o oc sc| +o+t+o+

+|+ +s oc|+ocs csnce onoc os cs+os o|son|vc|s n+s |+t+|o|m+s sio |couz|oos O out|o
ocs+o c ocn|| + mc||o| |o|m+ oc cstoc+| o CO
busc+noo com+t|b|||z+| + +|m+zcn+gcm com

o +umcnto o+ |cssio no |csc|v+to||o c conscucntc +c|csc|mo o+ |ccuc|+io oo ct|o|co
comcns+noo +|tc oos g+stos cnvo|v|oos
|m+ cvcntu+| oco||cnc|+ oo |
|cv+||+ ncccss|o+oc oc csu|s+s +v+n+o+s n+ +|c+ oos m+-

tc||+|s + sc|cm cm|cg+oos no |c-s+| v|s+noo g+|+nt|| + |ntcg||o+oc oos cu|+mcntos c com
|sso |nouz|noo o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s cscc|c+s oc |cvcst|mcnto c |otcio O
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |ooutos c sc|v|os cscc|cos +|+ cssc t|o oc oc|+io t|+|+ v+nt+gcns
|c|+to||o o+ scssio Combust|vc|s |ossc|s (ct|o|co g+s c c+|vio m|nc|+|)
,++
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
comct|t|v+s nos mc|c+oos |ntc|n+c|on+|s oc |oouio cm +gu+s u|t|+|o|uno+s c++c|t+noo +
|noust||+ n+c|on+| +|+ o |o|ncc|mcnto |ntc|n+c|on+| oc |ooutos c sc|v|os
O |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc || vo|t+o+s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ c+oc|+ oomcs-
t|c+ oc |o|ncccoo|cs +|+ o |c-s+| c + c++c|t+io oc csso+| +ss+m + sc| v|t+|s +|+ + cs-
t|utu|+io o+ c+oc|+ |oout|v+ |cssc scnt|oo c ncccss+||o o|g+n|z+| c gc||| + |ntc||gcnc|+ oc
csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ |noust||+ oc ct|o|co ^ c||+io oc um |nst|tuto n+c|on+| oo
|c-s+| +nco|+oo n+s un|vc|s|o+ocs c nos ccnt|os oc csu|s+ com |ccon|cc|o+ c++c|t+io
no tcm+ ocvc sc| cons|oc|+o+
2. Desaos tecnolgicos da indstria do carvo mineral
^ |noust||+ oo c+|vio m|nc|+| b|+s||c||o cmbo|+ scnoo cucn+ cm tc|mos oc |oouio c con-
sumo tcm nos scus |ccu|sos o|+ con|cc|oos um otcnc|+| cno|mc +|+ cont||bu|| v|+ o|vc|s|-
c+io com + scgu|+n+ cnc|gct|c+ b|+s||c||+ |o,c o c+|vio mct+|u|g|co |mo|t+oo +|+ + s|oc-
|u|g|+ + couc |c|cscnt+ o ||nc|+| |tcm o+ +ut+ oc |mo|t+io oo ||+s||
O c+|vio b|+s||c||o cstcvc +uscntc o| occ|sio govc|n+mcnt+| o+ +ut+ +|+ +ocs oc ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co +o |ongo oc ou+s occ+o+s |co|s oc um cs|o|o oc us+-|o n+ occ+o+
oc c mc+oos oc |o| |c|cg+oo su+ so|tc o uc |cz com uc c|cnt|st+s c csu|s+oo|cs
oc|x+sscm oc +tu+| n+ c+oc|+ |oout|v+ oc c+|vio |cst+noo +|guns nuc|cos com oucos |ccu|-
sos +|+ ||| ô mcsmo tcmo o| |+|t+ oc c|scct|v+ oc mc|c+oo nio |ouvc + cnt|+o+ oc
novos c|cnt|st+s c csu|s+oo|cs Cons|oc|+oo como um c+|vio oc b+|x+ u+||o+oc c |oc+||z+oo
no su| oo ||+s|| nio |o| contcm|+oo nos |+nos oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ oos cst+oos c oo govc|-
no |coc|+| Os ccnt|os oc csu|s+ uc |o|+m c||+oos +|+ ocscnvo|vc| tccno|og|+s +|+ o c+|vio
n+c|on+| com su+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s cscc|c+s t|vc|+m uc o|vc|s|c+| su+ +tu+io oc|x+noo oc
|nvcst|| |nc|us|vc cm |ccu|+mcnto c m+nutcnio oos cu|+mcntos cx|stcntcs
+nto + s|oc|u|g|+ n+c|on+| + couc u+nto + gc|+io oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ |cc|s+m c|cscc| +|+
+tcnoc| + ocm+no+ ^ gc|+io oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ ||nc|+| voc+io oo c+|vio n+c|on+| ocvc|+
c|cscc| + t+x+s oc ++ gc|+noo um+ ncccss|o+oc oc |nco|o|+| cc|c+ oc m|| |\ oc c++-
c|o+oc nov+ nos |ox|mos ocz +nos o|t+nto vo|t+-sc + +tcnio +|+ +s |o|m+s oc cnc|g|+ uc
oocm su||| css+ ncccss|o+oc |o s|stcm+ ||o|otc|m|co b|+s||c||o cm uc + gc|+io ||o|+u||c+
||nc|+| |ontc + sc| us+o+ ocv|oo +o scu otcnc|+| cn||cnt+ |ob|cm+s +mb|cnt+|s n+ su+ ut|-
||z+io |cv+noo + um+ |couio n+ c++c|o+oc oos scus |csc|v+to||os c ncccss+||o uc um c|-
ccntu+| oc gc|+io tc|m|c+ vcn|+ + sc| |nco|o|+oo +|+ + g+|+nt|+ o+ scgu|+n+ oo s|stcm+ o
uc |o| |c|c|cno+oo no ||+no |+c|on+| oc |nc|g|+ |nc|us|vc o| cst+|mos occnocntcs oo
s|stcm+ ||o|o|og|co |stuoos |cccntcs most|+m uc +s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s ooc|io +o +|ct+|
,+:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
cssc |cg|mc |couz|| + cnc|g|+ |mc oo s|stcm+ b|+s||c||o O +umcnto o+ ocm+no+ oc cnc|g|+
nos ccnt|os oc c+|g+ |cv+ ncccss|o+oc oc gc|+| cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ o uc cv|t+||+ sob|cc+|g+ no
s|stcm+ oc t|+nsm|ssio c +umcnt+||+ + scgu|+n+ cnc|gct|c+ oo s|stcm+ c|ct||co b|+s||c||o ^|cm
oo m+|s +os o otcnc|+| ||o|+u||co oo ||+s|| cst+|+ com|omct|oo c o +|s ncccss|t+|+ oc
us|n+s tc|m|c+s O c+|vio sc|+ um oos c+no|o+tos + combust|vc| |o|t+nto cx|stc um cs+o
+|+ o c|csc|mcnto oo uso oo c+|vio m|nc|+| nio so n+ gc|+io oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ m+s t+m-
bcm n+ s|oc|u|g|+ + couc |o c+|vio m|nc|+| v|+ os |occssos oc g+s|c+io oocm-sc obtc|
v+||os |ooutos (o|csc| oc b+|xo cnxo||c |ub||c+ntcs |c|t|||z+ntcs ctc) O |occsso oc g+s|c+-
io ,+ us+oo n+ |noust||+ cc|m|c+ oc +nt+ C+t+||n+ |o| subst|tu|oo c|o g+s n+tu|+| n+ occ+o+
oc |cv|oo +o +umcnto oo |co oo g+s c oc |ob|cm+s oc su||mcnto cx|stc |o,c um
cs+o +|+ ocscnvo|vc| + g+s|c+io oc c+|vio oc +|t+ c|nz+ no ||+s|| como ,+ c |c|to n+ |no|+
^ g+s|c+io oc c+|vio com b|om+ss+ ocvc sc| +v+||+o+ +|+ |oouz|| |ooutos oc +|to v+|o|
+g|cg+oo como o o|mct|| ctc| (|||)
|o| out|o |+oo tccno|og|+s como g+s|c+io o s:a cm uc o |c+to| c + |o||+ c+m+o+ oc c+|-
vio cstio cm ||+nco ocscnvo|v|mcnto no munoo ut|||z+noo tccno|og|+s o+ |noust||+ oo ct|o-
|co ^ +v+||+io ocst+ tccno|og|+ uc ocvc|+ cst+| m+ou|+ cm ocz +nos ocvc sc| |c|t+ no ||+s||
|+ gco|og|+ n+ m|nc|+io c no bcncc|+mcnto oc c+|vio |+ ncccss|o+oc oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
tccno|og|co o|s os |occssos c sc|v|os ocvcm sc| custom|z+oos +|+ +s cono|ocs gco|og|c+s c
oc u+||o+oc oo c+|vio n+c|on+| ^ |nt|oouio oc nov+s tccno|og|+s |mo|t+o+s m|nc|+oo| con-
t|nuo tcm |cv+oo + |noust||+ o+ m|nc|+io subtc||nc+ + busc+| tccno|og|+s uc m|n|m|zcm os
|m+ctos ncg+t|vos o+ |+|t+ oc custom|z+io | ncccss+||o ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co +|+ uc
+s oc|+ocs oc |+v|+ c bcncc|+mcnto oc c+|vio tcn|+m scu |m+cto +mb|cnt+| m|n|m|z+oo c
t+mbcm +|+ uc + |couio oc +ss|vos +mb|cnt+|s sc,+ |c|t+ com o m+|o| custo bcnc||c|o
|+s o m+|o| ocs+o o+ c+oc|+ |oout|v+ oo c+|vio m|nc|+| c + su+ |c+|+io +|+ um+ cconom|+
oc b+|xo c+|bono Como +s us|n+s gc|+oo|+s oc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ + c+|vio cm|tcm CO
c ncccss+||o
+com+n|+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s oc b+|xo c+|bono como + c+tu|+ c o +|m+zcn+-
mcnto gco|og|co oo CO
V|s+noo vc||c+| +s mc||o|cs +|tc|n+t|v+s tccno|og|c+s c os scus ocscn-

vo|v|mcntos +o |ongo oos +nos ocvcmos cst+bc|ccc| um m++ oo c+m|n|o oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto
tccno|og|co (caaoa) uc v|sc ocscnvo|vc| + c+oc|+ |oout|v+ sob + ot|c+ oc um+ cconom|+ oc
b+|xo c+|bono c oc b+|xo custo com |sso to|n+oo-+ sustcnt+vc| no |ongo |+zo
Como +s c+m+o+s oc c+|vio sio um oos oss|vc|s sum|oou|os oc CO
+ss+ + sc| ncccss+||o

cstuo+| o |occsso oc cstoc+gcm c +o mcsmo tcmo +v+||+| + oss|b|||o+oc oc cxt|+|| o mct+-
no cont|oo n+ c+m+o+ v|s+noo |couz|| o custo oc tooo |occsso com + vcno+ oo g+s |o| ou-
t|o |+oo cx|stc o |ntc|cssc oo govc|no oc v|+b|||z+| + |oouio oc mct+no no su| oo ||+s|| +|+
+||v|+| o g+soouto ||+s||;|o||v|+ c +umcnt+| + scgu|+n+ oo s|stcm+ |o|t+nto +s tccno|og|+s oc
|c|+to||o o+ scssio Combust|vc|s |ossc|s (ct|o|co g+s c c+|vio m|nc|+|)
,+,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|oouio oc mct+no occnocntcs o+ gco|og|+ cstio |ntcg|+o+s com + m|nc|+io g+sc|c+io
o s:a c cstoc+gcm oc CO
o uc ocvc sc| +v+||+oo oc um+ |o|m+ |ntcg|+o+

^ |nco|o|+io oc nov+s us|n+s + c+|vio n+ m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ ou||c+noo + c++c|o+oc oc gc|+-
io + c+|vio no ||+s|| +tc |cv+ ncccss|o+oc oc o||+| + c+oc|+ oc su||mcnto oc |ooutos c
sc|v|os +|+ +tcno|mcnto o+ oc|+io ocstc +|uc ,+ uc too+s +s us|n+s sio tot+|mcntc |m-
o|t+o+s |o|t+nto o +o|o tccno|og|co + css+ c+oc|+ c |uno+mcnt+| Os +co|oos |ntc|n+c|on+|s
ocvcm sc| cst+bc|cc|oos c |c|o|+oos v|s+noo +o +o|o tccno|og|co +|+ uc tcn|+mos m+|o|
vc|oc|o+oc no ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co oc too+ c+oc|+ |oout|v+ |+|+ uc oss+mos gc-
|cnc|+| tooo o con|cc|mcnto tccno|og|co c ncccss+||o o+| cont|nu|o+oc no |o,cto oo Ccnt|o
oc ccno|og|+ oc C+|vio ||mo cm +nt+ C+t+||n+ o|+ cm const|uio c |c|o|+| os ccnt|os
cx|stcntcs uc ocvc|io t|+b+||+| |ntcg|+oos ,unto com + |coc oc |csu|s+ oc C+|vio gc|cnc|+o+
c|o ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) ^ |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos o| mc|o oc
mcst|+oos |oss|on+|s cm c+|vio c mcst|+oos;oouto|+oos cm un|vc|s|o+ocs uc ocsc,cm +tu-
+| no c+|vio m|nc|+| c |uno+mcnt+| +|+ +umcnt+| + m+ss+ c||t|c+ |o|t+nto um+ |o|m+t+io
oc um |+no oc ||| b+sc+oo num |+nc,+mcnto caaoa c + b+sc |n|c|+| +|+ cst|utu|+|
too+s +s +ocs +|+ + |ox|m+ occ+o+ t|+ns|o|m+noo + c+oc|+ |oout|v+ oo c+|vio cm um+ +t|-
v|o+oc sustcnt+vc| c |mo|t+ntc +|+ + scgu|+n+ cnc|gct|c+ oo ||+s||
3. Integrao dos combustveis fsseis
Os combust|vc|s |ossc|s tcm ocs+os c oo|tun|o+ocs comuns o|t+nto c ncccss+||o +umcnt+| +
s|nc|g|+ c cst|utu|+| |og|+m+s oc ||| uc cstc,+m |ntcg|+oos t+nto n+ +|c+ oc gco|og|+ cx|o-
|+io uso c c+tu|+ c +|m+zcn+mcnto oc CO
|+|+ t+nto os |nvcst|mcntos c os |unoos oc |||

ocvcm sc| us+oos +|+ combust|vc|s |ossc|s cv|t+noo |cst||ocs |cg+|s |o,c |most+s +o |unoo
cto||+| oc |ct|o|co c C+s (C-|ct|o) uc |cst||ngcm |unoos + um oos |mo|t+ntcs combust|vc|s
|ossc|s o c+|vio m|nc|+| |nc|us|vc o c|t+oo caaoa oc b+|xo c+|bono ocvc||+ |ntcg|+| tooos os
combust|vc|s |ossc|s o uc m+x|m|z+||+ os |ccu|sos c +cc|c|+||+ o |occsso oc |||
4. Recomendaes estratgicas
C||+io oc um |nst|tuto n+c|on+| oc C| oo |c-s+| com |oco cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc
tccno|og|+s |cuc||o+s ||nc|+|mcntc c|os |o|ncccoo|cs oc bcns c sc|v|os n+c|on+|s o+
c+oc|+ |oout|v+ oc ct|o|co c g+s
,+
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|m |c|+io tccno|og|+ cntcnoc-sc uc sio ||o||t+||os os scgu|ntcs ontos
|ocnt|c+io oc ||scos c +v+||+io o+ con+b|||o+oc n+s oc|+ocs csnce n+s |+scs
oc cx|o|+io |oouio c t|+nso|tc com |oos|io oc tccno|og|+s c |occo|mcn-
tos +|+ + |cvcnio oc +c|ocntcs
|ntcg|+io oc tccno|og|+s ,+ cx|stcntcs c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc out|+s ncccss+||+s +|+
+ |oos|io oc |+nos oc cont|ngcnc|+ |obustos
^m||+io oos cs|o|os oc C| +|+ t|+t+mcnto c +|m+zcn+mcnto oc CO
c +|+
o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc m+tc||+|s +|+ |cs|st|| c |otcgc| os cu|+mcntos o+ +io oos
u|oos co||os|vos uc sc|io |oouz|oos
^v+||+io oc +|tc|n+t|v+s c |oos|io oc so|uocs +|+ o +|m+zcn+mcnto c t|+ns-
o|tc oo g+s n+tu|+|
|ntcg|+io o+s +ocs oc C| ocscnvo|v|o+s c|+ comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ com os |o|nccc-
oo|cs oc |ooutos c sc|v|os o+ c+oc|+ oc su||mcntos
|c+||z+io oc um caaoa +|+ ||| +|+ os combust|vc|s |ossc|s
^|tc|+io oo m+|co |cg+| +|+ |nco|o|+| o c+|vio m|nc|+| no C-|ct|o t|+ns|o|m+noo
o |unoo cm |unoo oc Combust|vc|s |ossc|s
Parte
Mar e amblentes costelros
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|+| c +mb|cntcs costc||os
O ambiente marinho: uma viso da marinha a
Amaznia Azul
Ilques Barbosa Junior
, Paulo Renato Pimentel Nogueira
1. Cenrio
O ||+s|| n+sccu com voc+io m+||t|m+ nio so o| tc| s|oo ocscobc|to c co|on|z+oo o| um+ n+-
io m+||t|m+ m+s t+mbcm o| tc| so|||oo su+s ||mc||+s |nv+socs c tc| conso||o+oo su+ |noccn-
ocnc|+ c|o m+| O m+| scm|c |o| c|cmcnto oc |uno+mcnt+| |mo|tnc|+ no ocscnvo|v|mcnto
n+ m+nutcnio o+ sob|cv|vcnc|+ n+ busc+ o+ |osc||o+oc c no cxc|c|c|o oo ooc| o+s n+ocs
|csoc coc+s m+|s |cmot+s o m+| vcm scnoo us+oo nio +cn+s como v|+ oc t|+nso|tc m+s
t+mbcm como |mo|t+ntc |ontc +|+ + +||mcnt+io |+|s |cccntcmcntc com o ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto o+ tccno|og|+ m+||n|+ + comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| sc ocu cont+ oc uc o m+|
t+nto n+s +gu+s |ccuno+s u+nto no scu ||co so|o c subso|o o|soc oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s v|vos c
nio v|vos oc |mo|tnc|+ c+|t+| +|+ + |um+n|o+oc
|cstc sccu|o XX| o ||+s|| tcm um+ t+|c|+ oc g|+noc o|mcnsio uc cst+ + cx|g|| um t|+b+||o
|n+o|+vc| |nco|o|+| +o nosso tc|||to||o o m+| uc nos c|tcncc c |omovc| o uso sustcnt+oo
oc scus |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s
^ noss+ cxtcnsio +t|nt|c+ |o,ct+-sc +|+ +|cm oo ||to|+| c o+s |||+s occn|c+s onoc cx|stc um
tcsou|o cscono|oo no |unoo oo m+| |c|cto oc ||ucz+s m|nc|+|s c b|o|og|c+s cs+||+o+s o|
+ cc|ct+||+ oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ o+ |+||n|+
. cc|ct+||+ oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ o+ |+||n|+
||ucs |+|bos+ |un|o| |+u|o |cn+to ||mcntc| |oguc||+
,+s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
m+|s oc m|||ocs oc u||omct|os u+o|+oos |st+ +|c+ co||csonoc + cc|c+ oc mct+oc o+ su-
c|||c|c oo ||+s|| c |o,c c con|cc|o+ como ^m+zon|+ ^zu|' um +t||mon|o n+c|on+| +|no+ ocs-
con|cc|oo o| bo+ +|tc oos b|+s||c||os |st+ nov+ ^m+zon|+' oc ocs+|os vcm +ut+noo novos
|+nos |og|+m+s c |o,ctos oc csu|s+ |cv+noo + +c+ocm|+ b|+s||c||+ + scgu|| c+o+ vcz m+|s
n+ o||cio oo occ+no cm bcnc||c|o oc too+ + soc|co+oc +mbcm vcm +ont+noo +os con-
outo|cs oo +|s + ncccss|o+oc oc m+ntc| scm|c |o|tc noss+ |+||n|+ uc tcm + scu cnc+|go
+ |mcns+ |csons+b|||o+oc oc oc|cnoc| cssc +t||mon|o o+ cob|+ oc +vcntu|c||os |csc|v+| o
+mb|cntc m+||n|o c m+|s |mo|t+ntc m+ntc| + sobc|+n|+ n+c|on+|
|css+ m+nc||+ cstc b|cvc cns+|o |ctcnoc +gu+| + v|sio oc uc no +mb|cntc o||t|co ccono-
m|co c cco|og|co uc c+|+ctc||z+ os o|+s oc |o,c um+ |cssio c|csccntc vcm scnoo cxc|c|o+ no
scnt|oo oc gc|cnc|+| c cont|o|+| +s +t|v|o+ocs nos cs+os m+||t|mos +o,+ccntcs +o ||to|+| oos
cst+oos costc||os Os +|scs tccno|og|c+mcntc m+|s bcm-succo|oos ,+ +oot+|+m +|gum+s |n|c|+-
t|v+s conc|ct+s |o cnt+nto o t|+b+||o oc gc|cnc|+| c cont|o|+| +|c+s m+||t|m+s c mu|t|o|sc|||-
n+| c +cn+s um scgmcnto o+ n+io nio o|soc oc c++c|o+oc +|+ t+nto | |cc|so uc too+
+ soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ ocscnvo|v+ cs|o|os +|+ uc o +|s cons|g+ oc |+to tom+| ossc ocssc
|mcnso m+| uc nos c|tcncc + noss+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|'
Com|ccnocnoo + m+gn|tuoc o+s |c|+ocs o+s o|mcnsocs oo cxtcnso ||to|+| oo ||+s|| com su+s
|ctcnsocs cconom|c+s o||t|c+s c m|||t+|cs c |mcns+s ocm+no+s soc|+|s sc|+ oss|vc| con|ccc|
os ocs+os uc cstc +|s cn||cnt+|+ +|+ conso||o+| c|+ntc + comun|o+oc |ntc|n+c|on+| + su+
sobc|+n|+ sob|c os cs+os m+||t|mos
|cnt|c csscs ocs+os ocst+c+-sc + cvcntu+| cob|+ c|os |ccu|sos +ov|noos o+ |mcns+ +|c+ m+||-
t|m+ ocn|o+ n+ Convcnio o+s |+ocs |n|o+s sob|c o |||c|to oo |+| (C||||) uc cnvo|vc
+ oc||m|t+io o+ noss+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+|
Como s+bcmos n+s |c|+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s +co|oos c t|+t+oos sio |c+||z+oos v|s+noo cnt|c
out|os |mo|t+ntcs tcm+s oc|cs+ o+ sobc|+n|+ sob|c +s +gu+s cont|gu+s so|o c subso|o oc-
n|io o+s |csons+b|||o+ocs oc soco||o c s+|v+mcnto c+|tog|++ o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+|
|csc|v+io oo mc|o +mb|cntc m+||n|o c + out|+s |cso|uocs uc cnvo|vcm o nosso cs+o
m+||t|mo + ^m+zon|+ ^zu|'
Os |ntc|csscs n+c|on+|s cnvo|vcm os o||c|tos oo ovo b|+s||c||o no m+| o uc contcm|+ + scgu-
|+n+ c o cont|o|c oos mc|os oc t|+nso|tc +u+v|+||o +uto||z+oos + t|+|cg+|cm c|o m+| tc|||-
to||+| b|+s||c||o +ss|m como +s +t|v|o+ocs csuc||+s o |+zc| o cso|tc o ct|o|co ocnt|c out|os
||||t+|mcntc um +|s ocvc tc| um+ o|mcnsio com+t|vc| com o t+m+n|o oo scu ||to|+| c o+
su+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| + m oc +sscgu|+| os |ntc|csscs n+c|on+|s ^s o|cu|o+ocs +|+ +
O +mb|cntc m+||n|o um+ v|sio o+ m+||n|+ - + ^m+zon|+ ^zu|'
,+,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
v|g||nc|+ o+ cxtcns+ +|c+ uc com|ccnoc + ^m+zon|+ ^zu|' sio |nc|cmcnt+o+s c|o +v+n-
o c|cnt|co-tccno|og|co o+s |+t+|o|m+s oc |osccio oo ct|o|co + g|+nocs |o|uno|o+ocs
c|+ +t|v|o+oc csuc||+ c|+nocst|n+ c|+ csc+sscz oc |ccu|sos cm out|os +|scs c c|+s ||ucz+s
+|no+ |ncogn|t+s +ss|m como c|+ |cscn+ c|csccntc cm +gu+s oc |ntc|cssc oo ||+s|| oc +|scs
com c|cv+o+ c++c|o+oc oc C|
^|cm o|sso como css+s +t|v|o+ocs sio cst|+tcg|c+s ncccss|t+m oc const+ntc +com+n|+mcnto
nos momcntos oc c||sc uc +t|ngcm os |st+oos uc como o ||+s|| busc+m sc| sobc|+nos o|+ntc
oc um+ nov+ gcoo||t|c+ muno|+| b+sc+o+ n+ |ncc|tcz+ oc c||scs cconom|c+s so|uio oc con-
t|ovc|s|+s c ocn|io oc +|c+s m+||t|m+s oc oom|n|o c |csons+b|||o+oc
2. Desaos
^ cx|cssio ^m+zon|+ ^zu|' ocnom|n+ um +m|o concc|to o||t|co-cst|+tcg|co +ssoc|+oo com
o|vc|s+s +|c+s oo con|cc|mcnto |um+no uc tcm o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| como mo|-
ou|+ o+s |o|uno+s v|ncu|+ocs oo ocst|no b|+s||c||o com os cs+os occn|cos O cntcno|mcn-
to o+ |mo|tnc|+ o+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|' +|+ o |utu|o oo ||+s|| +|cm oc cst+| cm s|nton|+ com
o scnt|mcnto muno|+| oc |omovc| + scgu|+n+ no m+| c + |csc|v+io oo +mb|cntc m+||n|o
cnvo|vc o|vc|sos |+nos c |og|+m+s oc C| ocnt|c os u+|s tcmos o ||+no cto||+| +|+ os
|ccu|sos oo |+| coo|ocn+oo c|+ Com|ssio |ntc|m|n|stc||+| +|+ os |ccu|sos oo |+| (C|||)
uc ||ust|+ cm scus |uno+mcntos |cg+|s too+ + cxtcnsio oo t|+b+||o |c|to +|+ +|m+| ,unto s
ocm+|s n+ocs os |ntc|csscs oo ||+s|| nos oom|n|os oo m+| tc|||to||+| (|) o+ zon+ cconom|c+
cxc|us|v+ (z||) c o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| (|C)
|css+ m+nc||+ c ocvc| s+g|+oo oos b|+s||c||os con|ccc| c ocscnvo|vc| +s c++c|o+ocs ncccs-
s+||+s +|+ o |cno cxc|c|c|o oos nossos o||c|tos +ss|m como cum||| nossos ocvc|cs n+ z||
c n+ |C uc nos c+bcm c|os t|+t+oos |ntc|n+c|on+|s v|gcntcs io css+s +|c+s uc o|mcns|o-
n+m + ^m+zon|+ ^zu|'
|st+mos +tu+noo no c+mo o||om+t|co no ocscnvo|v|mcnto oos con|cc|mcntos c|cnt|cos
sob|c o m+| c n+ const|uio o+ c++c|o+oc tccno|og|c+ ncccss+||os +o uso c cx|o|+io oo
m+| uc nos c|tcncc
| noss+ + t+|c|+ oc us+| c |otcgc| o nosso m+| c +uc|cs uc o us+m c noss+ + t+|c|+ oc |cvcn||
+ ocg|+o+io oo nosso occ+no c c nosso +|no+ o ocvc| oc oc|cnoc| o uc nos c|tcncc no cs-
|o|o uc |o| ncccss+||o cs|||tu+| c m+tc||+| mcnt+| c m|||t+| |monoo o+ |o|m+ uc + ||sto||+
nos |no|c+| + noss+ sobc|+n|+ +bso|ut+ sob|c cssc |cg+oo
,:o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O momcnto nos |moc + t+|c|+ oc us+| com c||tc||o c consc|cnc|+ cm bcnc||c|o oo ovo c oc
su+ sob|cv|vcnc|+ c |osc||o+oc +s ||ucz+s oo nosso m+| c + ^m+zon|+ ^zu|' c o c+m|n|o o+
mob|||z+io |ntc|cctu+| o||t|c+ c soc|+| +|o||+o+ io mu|tos os ocs+os + vcncc|
^cs+| o+ |c|cvnc|+ +t||bu|o+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|' n+ |st|+tcg|+ |+c|on+| oc |c|cs+ c n+ |o||t|c+
oc |c|cs+ |+c|on+| c oc +mb+s |ccon|ccc|cm + |ncx|stcnc|+ no momcnto oc mc|os suc|cntcs
+|+ oc|cnoc-|+ oc cvcntu+|s +mc++s |+z-sc m|stc| |ccon|ccc| uc nio sc t|+t+ oc t+|c|+ |+c||
|ccu|+| +s |o|+s ^|m+o+s cscc|+|mcntc + |+||n|+ ^ const|uio oc um n+v|o oc guc||+ c
um+ t+|c|+ com|cx+ c o|scno|os+ c +|no+ os scus cu|+mcntos c s|stcm+s oc +|m+s +tu+|-
mcntc sio |ovcn|cntcs oo cxtc||o|
^ss|m os +ssuntos |nc|cntcs oc|cs+ n+c|on+| t+mbcm +|ct+m tooos os b|+s||c||os c nio oc-
vcm sc |cst||ng|| +os m|||t+|cs cm + com|ccnsio c|+ soc|co+oc oo v+|o| oo m+| +|+ o
+|s to|n+-sc m+|s o|||c|| o |ov|s|on+mcnto oos |ccu|sos ncccss+||os +|+ + scgu|+n+ o+
^m+zon|+ ^zu|' ^|cm oo ocscon|cc|mcnto o+ cxtcnsio o+s noss+s +gu+s ,u||so|c|on+|s +
ou|+io b|+s||c||+ t+mbcm ouco s+bc sob|c o s|gn||c+oo cst|+tcg|co c cconom|co oo
|mcnso m+| uc nos cc|c+
| |mo|t+ntc |c+|+| uc o ooc| n+c|on+| ocvc sc| c++z oc |ovc| os mc|os |cuc||oos +|+ + oc-
|cs+ oc noss+ sobc|+n|+ scm occnoc| oc +|scs cst|+ngc||os +|+ |sso oo+s +s g|+nocs otcnc|+s
muno|+|s scm cxccio cons|oc|+m uc + oc|cs+ n+c|on+| ocvc sc| +tcno|o+ o| mc|o oc cs|o|o
|o||o ou sc,+ o +|uc |noust||+| ocvc sc| c++z oc |oouz|| os mc|os ncccss+||os oc|cs+
|+ mcsm+ |o|m+ uc + |ntcg|+io n+c|on+| |o| |o|mu|+o+ c|o |st+oo b|+s||c||o como um+ o||t|c+
c|m+ncntc t+mbcm c|m+ncntc ocvc sc| + o||t|c+ +|+ ocscnvo|vc| +s c++c|o+ocs cx|stcntcs
t+nto |um+n+s u+nto m+tc||+|s no contcxto oc um +|s com voc+io m+||t|m+ como o ||+s||
|+ +|c+ m+||t|m+ +m||+| o csso+| cm|cg+oo ++|c||+| |nst+|+ocs c csco|+s ocscnvo|vc| cs-
u|s+s c |nccnt|v+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c + +o+t+io oc tccno|og|+s |o||+s oc ns mu|t||os c
o c+m|n|o |uno+mcnt+| +|+ um+ |ntcg|+io sobc|+n+ ,ust+ c |osc|+ oo ||+s||
^|no+ nio con|cccmos os scg|coos oos occ+nos c scus |ob|cm+s | |cc|so +c||c|o+| + o|s-
cussio oos ocs+os + sc|cm cn||cnt+oos com |c|+io s+uoc oo m+|
C+m+n|+s tcm s|oo c|+bo|+o+s cm o|vc|sos +|scs v|s+noo ||mcz+ oos m+|cs |+|+ cssc m
+c|+m +|+ uc sc,+m |m|cmcnt+o+s +ocs n+c|on+|s c |cg|on+|s com mct+s oc s+nc+mcnto
uc ocvc|io sc| +com+n|+o+s c|o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |no|c+oo|cs oc u+||o+oc oc v|o+ c oc
gc|cnc|+mcnto con+vc|
,:+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
O +|c+ncc ocss+s mct+s ocvc |cv+| cm cont+ +scctos como + consc|cnt|z+io sob|c |+t|c+s
oc ||g|cnc c oc ocsc,o +ocu+oo oo csgoto |nc|us|vc com |cut|||z+io oo csgoto t|+t+oo
como +oubo n+tu|+|
+|s mct+s +|+ sc|cm +|c+n+o+s ncccss|t+|io oc |nvcst|mcntos cm tccno|og|+ no ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto oc |n||+cst|utu|+ +|+ + +o+t+io +os +o|ocs +mb|cnt+|s c cm gc|cnc|+mcnto +|t|c|+t|-
vo t+nto ub||co como cm|cs+||+| |css+ |o|m+ o novo +|+o|gm+ +mb|cnt+| sc|+ cnc+|+| + |cgu-
|+mcnt+io como oo|tun|o+oc oc mc||o||+ +tc mcsmo como oo|tun|o+oc oc novos ncgoc|os
|cssc scnt|oo c|ccbc-sc uc + |+|t+ oc csso+| u+||c+oo c cscc|+||z+oo cm |+cc o+s c+|+ctc-
||st|c+s o+s +t|v|o+ocs c + mo|os|o+oc occo||cntc o+ ocs+|t|cu|+io o+s +ocs ub||c+s +c+b+m
const|tu|noo |o|tc cnt|+vc +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| c +o cont|o|c o+ o|u|io m+||n|+
|o| tuoo |sso oocmos +|m+| uc o |nvcst|mcnto n+ couc+io +mb|cnt+| cm +|+|c|o com +
couc+io vo|t+o+ +|+ o t|+b+||o c occ|s|vo uc| cm n|vc| gc|cnc|+| uc| cm n|vc| oos +to|cs
no cxc|c|c|o oc su+s |ossocs +mbcm c |+to uc + mob|||z+io comun|t+||+ ocvc sc| + |o|+
|ou|so|+ oos |o,ctos oc |cvcnio c |csc|v+io oo +mb|cntc ou sc,+ o cnvo|v|mcnto o+
soc|co+oc n+s su+s o||c|cntcs |o|m+s oc o|g+n|z+io c o| ocm+|s ncccss+||o c |c|cv+ntc n+ |ut+
cont|+ + o|u|io oo m+| uc nos c|tcncc
ô cns+| n+ o|mcnsio oo m+| b|+s||c||o c +ssust+oo| o uc |gno|+mos oc|c +cs+| o+s |n|c|+-
t|v+s cx|stcntcs +|+ o scu con|cc|mcnto
O cxc|c|c|o o+ sobc|+n|+ no m+| uc nos c|tcncc + ^m+zon|+ ^zu|' so sc|+ |cno u+noo o
con|ccc|mos |io sc |otcgc c nio sc oc|cnoc o uc nio sc con|ccc
|ss+ o|scussio ocvc sc| |o|t+|cc|o+ nos +mb|cntcs +c+ocm|cos nos ccnt|os oc csu|s+ oc cxcc-
|cnc|+ n+s |coc|+ocs o+s |noust||+s c oc comc|c|o c cm out|os scgmcntos ||g+oos +o ocscnvo|-
v|mcnto c|cnt||co-tccno|og|co c soc|occonom|co bcm como ,unto ou|+io u|b+n+ s|tu+o+
n+ |+|x+ tc||cst|c o+ zon+ costc||+ tooos otcnc|+|s ut|||z+oo|cs c bcncc|+||os oos novos con|c-
c|mcntos c |occssos o+ csu|s+ occ+nog|+c+ c m+||n|+
ô sc |+|+| cm csu|s+ occ+nog|+c+ c m+||n|+ convcm |css+|t+| uc +s nov+s tccno|og|+s
o|son|vc|s c +s su+s mooc|+gcns nio cxc|ucm + ncccss|o+oc oc obtcnio oc o+oos o s:a o|s
oc|cs occnocm + c+||b|+io + vc||c+io oc |csu|t+oos c o +|o|uno+mcnto oo cntcno|mcnto
oos |cnomcnos uc oco||cm nos m+|cs c occ+nos
^ obtcnio ocsscs o+oos +ss+ ob||g+to||+mcntc c|o cm|cgo oc n+v|os uc oocm sc| con-
s|oc|+oos o |nst|umcnto oc csu|s+ occ+nog|+c+ m+|s |mo|t+ntc
,::
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|o,c o ||+s|| cont+ com um+ ||ot+ bcm m+|s s|gn|c+t|v+ uc |+ ocz +nos ^ +|cc||+ |+||n|+
oo ||+s|| ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) nos |oo|c|onou cu|+| + ||ot+ b|+s||c||+
oc csu|s+ com m+|s um n+v|o o|+| o ^|m||+ntc |+x|m|+no' um n+v|o oc csu|s+ occ+no-
g|+|c+ o C|uzc||o oo u|' c um +v|so oc csu|s+ occ+nog|+|c+ o ^s||+ntc |ou|+' tooos
+ou|||oos com |ccu|sos o+ |+||n|+ c o+ ||n+nc|+oo|+ oc |stuoos c ||o,ctos (||nc) oo |C
||cs ,unt+mcntc com os out|os cx|stcntcs tcm cont||bu|oo cm mu|to +|+ +s csu|s+s o+ co-
mun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ b|+s||c||+ uc m+ntcm convcn|os oc un|vc|s|o+ocs com + |+||n|+ +|+ +
cx|o|+io c cstuoos oos |ccu|sos c |cnomcnos m+||n|os
|+s +s o|mcnsocs o+ noss+ cost+ +s |csons+b|||o+ocs +ssum|o+s com + C|||| c o ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto n+s +gu+s ,u||so|c|on+|s b|+s||c||+s cv|ocnc|+m uc o +|s +|no+ tcm um+ ||ot+ oc
csu|s+ moocst+ ncccss|t+noo uc os scgmcntos govc|n+mcnt+|s c ||v+oos cnvo|v|oos n+
csu|s+ oo m+| c occ+no sc un+m +|+ com+|t|||+| o +o|tc oc |ccu|sos ncccss+||os +|+
+u|s|io oc|+io c m+nutcnio oc um+ ||ot+ cono|zcntc com o t+m+n|o o+ n+io
| |nucst|on+vc| o otcnc|+| cconom|co uc |c|cscnt+ + ^m+zon|+ ^zu|' +|+ o ||+s|| |u|to
|o| |c|to c |+ mu|to o| |+zc| +|+ uc o +|s +t|n,+ + c|c+c|+ n+ cx|o|+io o+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|'
cm |o| oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|occonom|co
Os |nst|tutos oc csu|s+ os ccnt|os oc cxcc|cnc|+ +c+ocm|c+ c +s |noust||+s csuc||+s |cc|-
s+m oc |nccnt|vos +|+ cont|nu+|cm os scus |occssos oc cvo|uio
| m|stc| + |c+||z+io oc um |+nc,+mcnto cst|+tcg|co o+ m+t||z oc t|+nso|tc uc otcnc|+||zc
o moo+| m+||t|mo n+ busc+ o+ ncccss+||+ |couio oo custo ||+s||
+mbcm o scgmcnto |+zc| tcm c|cv+oo otcnc|+| oc |omcnto no ||+s|| ^ v+st+ c o|vc|s|-
c+o+ cost+ b|+s||c||+ +||+noo bc|cz+ c bom c||m+ cm u+sc too+ + su+ cxtcnsio c um +|+|so
+|+ os cso|tcs n+ut|cos ^ o|vc|s|o+oc cu|tu|+| som+-sc + csscs |+to|cs como |mo|t+ntc
+t|+t|vo +|+ o tu||smo m+||t|mo
cmos uc +tu+| no t|+nso|tc m+||t|mo oc c+|g+s c +ss+gc||os cm tu||smo c |+zc| no m+| no
uso oc |||+s c |oc|coos c +|no+ cnc+|+| o ocs+o oc con|ccc| c ocscnvo|vc| c++c|o+oc com-
ct|t|v+ oc cx|o|+io oc |ontcs oc +||mcntos o||uno+s o+ csc+ c o+ +u|cu|tu|+
|+|+ um +|s como o nosso uc o|soc oc um ||to|+| com u||omct|os c um+ g|+noc |coc
||o|ov|+||+ |ntc||o| ( m|| |m) c ncccss+||+ + ||o||z+io +ocu+o+ +|+ + cx|o|+io oo t|+ns-
o|tc m+||t|mo c uv|+|
cmos o|tos oc bo+ c++c|o+oc oc|+c|on+| |ooc|n|z+| o s|stcm+ |+zcnoo-o c|cs-
cc| c o|||c|| m+s nio |moss|vc| +bcnoo-sc uc o numc|o oc cm|cgos gc|+oos o| cssc
,:,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
c|csc|mcnto sc||+ |+to| octc|m|n+ntc +|+ + o|m|nu|io o+ ob|cz+ t+| |mc|+t|vo |og|st|co
sc |moc u+ntos novos ostos oc t|+b+||o sc||+m c||+oos com + +m||+io o+ |noust||+ n+-
v+| com o +umcnto oo t|+nso|tc m+||t|mo com o |nc|cmcnto o+ sc+||z+io c oo cont|o|c
com + |noust||+ oc c+s c com + m+|o| ocm+no+ oc mio-oc-ob|+ nos o|tos | um+ vc|o+-
oc||+ bo|+ oc ncvc uc nio |||+ +|+| tio ccoo
uoo |sso occnoc nio so oo |nvcst|mcnto n+ncc||o m+s t+mbcm oo |nvcst|mcnto no oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co C|t+noo um cxcm|o o |cn+sc|mcnto o+ |noust||+ n+v+| b|+s||c||+
|+t|c+mcntc +|+o+ ocsoc cn||cnt+ um |ob|cm+ + oc|+s+gcm tccno|og|c+ cnu+nto os
nossos cst+|c||os |o,ct+m |+zos oc const|uio oc g|+nocs n+v|os uc vio oc + mcscs os
conco||cntcs ||nc|+|mcntc +s|+t|cos cnt|cg+m t+|s cmb+|c+ocs cm ou mcscs Os |nvcs-
t|mcntos cm mooc|n|z+io cm tccno|og|+ c cm c++c|t+io oc csso+| cx|g|oos c|o mc|c+oo
sio |uno+mcnt+|s +|+ uc t+|s ob,ct|vos sc,+m +|c+n+oos
+mbcm ocvcmos +om|t|| uc cm |+cc oos |ccu|sos c otcnc|+|s cx|stcntcs n+ ^m+zon|+
^zu|' cx|stc um ||sco cons|oc|+vc| oc t+|s |ccu|sos c otcnc|+|s sc|cm +|vo oc contcst+ocs c
o|sut+s num |utu|o |ox|mo +ss|m uc + tccno|og|+ v|c| + oss|b|||t+| o ocsb|+v+mcnto o|-
mcno||z+oo ocss+ cxtcns+ +|c+
^ s|m|cs cx|stcnc|+ oc um subm+||no nuc|c+| oc +t+uc +m||+ cxoncnc|+|mcntc o nosso o-
oc| o|ssu+so||o |o|t+nto c |m|csc|no|vc| c|s|st|| no |o,cto +tc su+ conc|usio + ocsc|to oos
ob|ccs cnvo|v|oos ^ |c|cvnc|+ oo cm|ccno|mcnto c mu|to m+|o| oo uc + s|m|cs obtcnio
oc um novo mc|o n+v+| t|+t+-sc oc um |o,cto n+c|on+| com |m+ctos os|t|vos cm v+||os sc-
to|cs o+ |noust||+ n+c|on+| c uc t|+|+ o| +||+st+mcnto tccno|og|co s|gn|c+t|v+ cont||bu|io
+|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+c|on+|
|+s nio sio somcntc os mc|os oc comb+tc c|m|t||io + oc|cs+ oc nossos |ntc|csscs no m+| |
ncccss+||o uc c|cs tcn|+m o |cc|so con|cc|mcnto oo os|c|on+mcnto o+s +mc++s c |sto so
sc|+ oss|vc| sc t|vc|mos um mon|to|+mcnto cc|cntc sob|c + +|c+ + sc| oc|cno|o+
O |stcm+ oc Cc|cnc|+mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu| (|sC^^z) o|+ cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|+
|+||n|+ sc +|cscnt+ como + |c||+mcnt+ otcnc|+| +|+ o mon|to|+mcnto c o cont|o|c o+s
+gu+s oc |ntc|cssc oo ||+s||
|+|+ + |m|+nt+io oo |sC^^z mu|tos ocs+os sc +|cscnt+m t+|s como o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
o+ v|g||nc|+ oc cu|to mco|o c |ongo +|c+nccs b+sc+o+ cm tc||+ o scnso||+mcnto |cmoto o|
s+tc||tc c + +v|+io oc v|g||nc|+ m+||t|m+ ocnt|c out|os
,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
| um |o,cto oc +|to custo c scmc||+n+ oo |stcm+ oc ||otcio o+ ^m+zon|+ (|+m) () ocvc
sc to|n+| um |o,cto n+c|on+| com + su+ conscucntc |nsc|io n+ +gcno+ n+c|on+| c + cont|+-
+|t|o+ n+ncc||+ +|+ o scu |cno ocscnvo|v|mcnto
3. Propostas
|scc|c+mcntc n+s ||o||o+ocs cst|+tcg|c+s |c|+c|on+o+s csu|s+ ocscnvo|v|mcnto c |no-
v+io cm +|c+s cst|+tcg|c+s v|st+ oo uc |o| +|cscnt+oo |ooc-sc + c||+io n+ o||t|c+ oc
C| oc um+ ||n|+ oc +io |nt|tu|+o+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|' com +s scgu|ntcs +ocs + cm|ccnoc|
+ ô|+| o |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+ mcnt+||o+oc m+||t|m+ cm cscc|+| nos scto|cs govc|n+mcn-
t+|s c ||v+oos oc |o|m+ + +|cscnt+| o s|gn||c+oo cst|+tcg|co c cconom|co oos cs+os
occn|cos ocsc|t+noo o |ntc|cssc n+ |oouio o+s ncccss|o+ocs +|+ + cx|o|+io
mon|to|+mcnto cont|o|c c oc|cs+ oos |ntc|csscs oo +|s n+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|'
b ô|+| +s +ocs oc |nvcst|mcntos n+c|on+|s c |cg|on+|s cm tccno|og|+ cm |n||+cst|utu|+
c cm |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos +|+ + +o+t+io t+nto ub||c+ u+nto cm|cs+-
||+| +os +o|ocs +mb|cnt+|s c cm gc|cnc|+mcnto +|t|c|+t|vo com v|st+s +o ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto sustcnt+vc| c +o cont|o|c o+ o|u|io n+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|'
c C++c|t+| o +|s +|+ ocscnvo|vc| c ut|||z+| tccno|og|+s oc csu|s+s no cstuoo c cx|o-
|+io oos |ccu|sos c |cnomcnos |cscntcs n+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|' com otcnc|+| +|+ con-
t||bu|| com o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| oo +|s
o ô|+| o cst+bc|cc|mcnto o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ c + c++c|t+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos ncccs-
s+||os mooc|n|z+io tccno|og|c+ oos o|tos c +c||c|o+mcnto oo t|+nso|tc m+||t|-
mo c mu|t|moo+| b|+s||c||o cm busc+ o+ |couio oo custo ||+s||
c ô|+| o cst+bc|cc|mcnto o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ tccno|og|c+ ncccss+||+ |m|cmcnt+io oo
|stcm+ oc Cc|cnc|+mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu| (|sC^^z) vo|t+o+ +|+ o mon|to|+mcn-
to c cont|o|c ocssc cs+o m+||t|mo
| |o|t+|ccc| + |m|cmcnt+io o+s +ocs |oost+s no ||og|+m+ |uc|c+| ||+s||c||o cm +|-
t|cu|+| +s |nc|cntcs +o cst+bc|cc|mcnto o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ tccno|og|c+ oc +o|o +o ||og|+-
m+ oc Const|uio oo ubm+||no ||+s||c||o oc ||ou|sio |uc|c+|
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Subsdios para o estabelecimento de um plano
estratgico para o desenvolvimento sustentado
dos recursos minerais da Plataforma Continental
Jurdica Brasileira e rea Internacional do Atlntico
Sul e Equatorial
Kaiser Gonalves de Souza
1. Introduo
|u|+ntc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo |stuoo sob|c |+| c zon+ Costc||+ +us|c|+oo c|o Ccnt|o
oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos (CC|| .oo;) |o|+m o|scut|oos com |c|cscnt+ntcs o+ co-
mun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ c cm|cs+||+| o| mc|o oc |cun|ocs c ucst|on+||os +scctos |c|+t|vos +
|+tos o|t+oo|cs oc |utu|o ||o||o+ocs |o,ctos cst|utu|+ntcs c |o||zontcs tcmo|+|s +|+
os |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s m+||n|os o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| ,u||o|c+ b|+s||c||+ c +|c+s occn|c+s
+o,+ccntcs |ocu|+noo cst+bc|ccc| um+ +gcno+ oc ||o||o+ocs + sc| +||c+o+ no mco|o c
|ongo |+zo |stc cstuoo |o| com|ct+oo o| out|o cstuoo oo CC|| |c+||z+oo cm .o+o uc
ocu cn|+sc +os |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s oo ^t|nt|co u| c |u+to||+| s|tu+oos +|cm o+s .oo m|n|+s
n+ut|c+s (CC|| .o+o - cm |c+|+io)
O |cscntc +|t|go s|ntct|z+ cstcs oo|s cstuoos oo CC|| c |ooc subs|o|os +|+ + c|+bo|+io oc
um |+no cst|+tcg|co com |o||zontcs tcmo|+|s cm consonnc|+ com o ||o,cto ||+s|| , cmos
(C+oc|no |^| o+ .oo|)
|m +n+||sc sob|c + ut|||z+io oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ c +|c+s
occn|c+s +o,+ccntcs ouz+ |c|c||+ (.oo;) cst+bc|ccc|+m oo|s t|os o|st|ntos oc bcns m|nc|+|s
c+|+ctc||z+oos scgunoo n|vc|s oc +||c+io cm
+ C|c|c o+ ||v|sio oc Cco|og|+ ||+||n|+ Com+n||+ oc |csu|s+ c |ccu|sos ||nc|+|s (|||)
|+|sc| Con+|vcs oc ouz+
,:o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
+ oc|occonom|cos oco||cntcs n+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| como g|+nu|+oos ||toc|+st|cos
g|+nu|+oos b|oc|+st|cos (c+|bon+tos) |+cc|cs (ou|o o|+m+ntc |+t|n+ c|om|t+ ||mcn|t+
|ut||o z||cio cnt|c out|os) |os|o||t+s cv+o||tos cnxo||c c+|vio c ||o|+tos uc mov|-
mcnt+m + cconom|+ c gc|+m cm|cgos no cu|to c mco|o |+zo
b |o||t|co-cst|+tcg|cos uc m+|s uc o v+|o| cconom|co oc su+ cx|o|+io +|cscnt+m
+ccntu+o+ |mo|tnc|+ cst|+tcg|c+ g+|+nt|noo o |coom|n|o b|+s||c||o cm +|c+s |ntc|-
n+c|on+|s +o,+ccntcs ,u||so|io n+c|on+| uc |nc|ucm c|ost+s cob+|t||c|+s su||ctos c
noou|os o||mct+||cos
2. Fatos portadores de futuro
Os |+tos o|t+oo|cs oc |utu|o sio +uc|cs sob|c os u+|s +|no+ nio sc octcm cont|o|c c uc oc-
tc|m|n+|io um+ s|tu+io |ncv|t+vc| cm |unio o+ u+| |ov|ocnc|+s ocvc|io sc| tom+o+s +|+
m|n|m|z+| scus c|c|tos c|vc|sos Os |+tos o|t+oo|cs oc |utu|o cons|oc|+oos oc |c|cvnc|+ +|+
cstc cstuoo sio c|cnc+oos + scgu||
+ Co|||o+ |ntc|n+c|on+| +|+ + |cu|s|io oc s|t|os oc cx|o|+io m|nc|+| n+ +|c+ n+s u|-
t|m+s occ+o+s oczcn+s oc cm|cs+s oc m|nc|+io cnvo|vc|+m-sc o||ct+mcntc n+ |os-
ccio oc noou|os o||mct+||cos no |c|to m+||n|o ^tc o |cscntc momcnto u+sc
.oooooo|m
.
oc +|c+s oc t|tu|os oc m|nc|+io ,+ |o|+m cm|t|oos no Occ+no |+c|co c
no Occ+no |no|co +|+ + cx|o|+io ocsscs |ccu|sos Out|+s +|c+s ,+ cstio scnoo |cu|s|-
t+o+s no Occ+no |no|co +|+ cx|o|+io oc su||ctos o||mct+||cos io |ogo + +uto||o+oc
conc|u+ + c|+bo|+io oc |cgu|+mcntos |ntc|n+c|on+|s +|+ + cx|o|+io oc c|ost+s cob+|-
t||c|+s out|+s +|c+s oc m|nc|+io t+mbcm ooc|io sc| |cu|s|t+o+s +|+ + cx|o|+io
ocsscs |ccu|sos +| sc |nc|u|noo +|c+s oo ^t|nt|co u| s|tu+o+s cm ||cntc |+t+|o|m+
cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ C+bc +o ||+s|| tom+| + |n|c|+t|v+ oc |o|m+ + g+|+nt|| uc os |ccu|-
sos m|nc|+|s o+ +|c+ +o,+ccntc |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| ,u||o|c+ b|+s||c||+ oss+m v|| +
const|tu|| um+ |csc|v+ cst|+tcg|c+ +|+ +s |utu|+s gc|+ocs b|+s||c||+s
. C|csccntc cx|o|+io cm +gu+s c+o+ vcz m+|s |o|uno+s o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tcc-
no|og|+ m+||n|+ tcm oss|b|||t+oo + cx|o|+io oos occ+nos cm +|c+s c+o+ vcz m+|s
|o|uno+s |ssc |+to c +ont+oo como o|t+oo| oc |utu|o o| |c|cscnt+| nos mb|to
|cg|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+| um comoncntc o||t|co-cst|+tcg|co |mo|t+ntc +|+ os +|scs
uc uc||+m +m||+| su+ |nucnc|+ n+ +|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| oos occ+nos ^ cooc|+io
ubs|o|os +|+ o cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc um |+no cst|+tcg|co +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+oo oos |ccu|sos
m|nc|+|s o+ ||+t+|o|m+ Cont|ncnt+| |u||o|c+ ||+s||c||+ c ^|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| oo ^t|nt|co u| c |u+to||+|
,:)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
com os +|scs uc octcm tccno|og|+ m+|s +v+n+o+ uc ,+ |c+||z+m cstuoos cm +|c+s
|o|uno+s c cxt|cm+mcntc |ccomcno+vc|
, ||osio costc||+ + c|osio costc||+ t|+|+ um+ sc||c oc o+nos zon+ costc||+ oo ||+s||
|+zio c|+ u+| c ncccss+||o cons|oc|+| ocnt|o oos |+tos o|t+oo|cs oc |utu|o + |ccons-
t|uio |+|+| |csscs cstuoos cst+|io |nc|u|oos nio somcntc + |ocnt|c+io o o|mcns|o-
n+mcnto c o uso oos g|+nu|+oos como t+mbcm o |m+cto +mb|cnt+| |oouz|oo c|+
cxt|+io c c|+ conscucntc vc||c+io o+ ou|+b|||o+oc o+ ob|+ cm c+o+ |cg|io onoc
cst+ |o| cxccut+o+
| |x+ustio o+s |csc|v+s cont|ncnt+|s c |cst||ocs +mb|cnt+|s +|+ + m|nc|+io oc +g|cg+-
oos + +|c|+ c o c+sc+||o o|+g+oos oos |unoos m+||n|os ooc|io sc const|tu|| cm um+
|mo|t+ntc cont||bu|io ocm+no+ n+c|on+| oc +g|cg+oos o uc ,+ oco||c cm v+||os
+|scs subst|tu|noo m+tc||+|s cxt|+|oos oc |ontcs cont|ncnt+|s c |couz|noo + cxt|+io
cm +|c+s oc |mo|tnc|+ +|+ + +g||cu|tu|+ o tu||smo ou + consc|v+io +mb|cnt+| ^
m+|o||+ o+s |cg|ocs mct|oo||t+n+s b|+s||c||+s cncont|+-sc n+ zon+ costc||+ c +s |csc|v+s
oc +g|cg+oos |oc+||z+o+s ocnt|o ou n+s |ox|m|o+ocs ocsscs ccnt|os u|b+nos ,+ cstio
|+t|c+mcntc cx+u||o+s +|cm oc cst+|cm submct|o+s + cx|gcnc|+s +mb|cnt+|s c+o+ vcz
m+|o|cs Os m+tc||+|s m+||n|os oocm sc| |ct||+oos c ocscmb+|c+oos cm +|c+s |oc+||z+-
o+s n+s |cg|ocs mct|oo||t+n+s o uc ooc sc| um bcnc||c|o +o|c|on+| oc vcz uc cv|t+
|ong+s o|stnc|+s oc t|+nso|tc tc||cst|c
C|csccntc occnocnc|+ n+c|on+| oos |c|t|||z+ntcs |mo|t+oos |utu|+mcntc cssc +scc-
to ooc|+ sc const|tu|| cm um cnt|+vc +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo +g|oncgoc|o O +|ovc|-
t+mcnto oos ocos|tos m+||n|os oc g|+nu|+oos b|oc|+st|cos |os|o||t+ s+|s oc ot+ss|o c
out|os |nsumos ooc|+ |couz|| s|gn|c+t|v+mcntc +s |mo|t+ocs ou ucm s+bc to|n+|
o ||+s|| +utossuc|cntc cm |c|t|||z+ntcs |o c+so oos g|+nu|+oos b|oc|+st|cos uc tot+||-
z+m ,|/ o+s +|c+s |cuc||o+s +|+ + csu|s+ m|nc|+| m+||n|+ +s csu|s+s sob|c o cu|-
t|vo oc so,+ |no|c+|+m uc csscs g|+nu|+oos oocm subst|tu|| |o/ oo ||| com g+n|os
oc .o/ cm |oout|v|o+oc
3. Prioridades estabelecidas
3.1. Socioeconmicas
Com b+sc n+ consu|t+ c|ctu+o+ ,unto + v+||os cscc|+||st+s cnt|c os |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s oc v+|o|
soc|occonom|co o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ gu|+ cm ||mc||o |+no + cxt|+io co-
,:s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
mc|c|+| oc +g|cg+oos (+|c|+s c c+sc+||os) |sscs bcns m|nc|+|s tcm cscc|+| |mo|tnc|+ n+ |ccu-
c|+io oc |+|+s c|oo|o+s um |ob|cm+ +mb|cnt+| const+ntc n+ ||n|+ oc cost+ b|+s||c||+ +|cm
oc sc const|tu||cm cm |mo|t+ntc |nsumo |noust||+ o+ const|uio c|v||
|m +|guns +|scs como o |c|no |n|oo os +g|cg+oos oc m+| +bc|to ,+ sio cx|ot+oos +|+ ut|-
||z+io n+ const|uio c|v|| |c|cscnt+noo m+|s oc o+ |oouio tot+| scnoo s|gn||c+ntc
t+mbcm + |oouio o+ |o|+no+ c oo |+io Os |o,ctos + sc|cm ocscnvo|v|oos ncssc c+mo
ocvcm cst+| vo|t+oos +|+ + |oc+||z+io c + oc||m|t+io ocstcs ocos|tos su+s |cscct|v+s o-
tcnc|+||o+ocs cm tc|mos oc vo|umc o |m+cto otcnc|+| o+ m|nc|+io sob|c o +mb|cntc c +
|nucnc|+ sob|c os |occssos costc||os o uc cnvo|vc cstuoos b|o|og|cos (|^||| e: a' +,,,)
O c+|c+||o b|oc|+st|co t+mbcm |c|cscnt+ um |ccu|so ||o||t+||o |+cc |mo|tnc|+ oc su+ ut|-
||z+io como |c|t|||z+ntc comoncntc oc |+ocs +n|m+|s com|cmcnto +||mcnt+| |m|+ntc cm
c||u|g|+s ossc+s |noust||+ cosmct|c+ c t|+t+mcnto oc +gu+ csgotos oomcst|cos c |noust||+|s O
cxcm|o oc ut|||z+io m+|s |ntcns+ ocsscs +g|cg+oos b|oc|+st|cos vcm o+ ||+n+ com o uso oo
c|+m+oo oae'
Os |+cc|cs oc m|nc|+|s cs+oos c+ss|tc||t+ ou|o o|+m+ntc ||mcn|t+ |ut||o z||cio mon+z|t+
c m+gnct|t+ cnt|c out|os |o|+m |no|c+oos n+ mcsm+ o|ocm oc ||o||o+oc c|+ comun|o+oc
+cs+| oc sc|cm cons|oc|+oos mcnos u|gcntcs oo uc os |cccocntcs ^s oco||cnc|+s oc |+-
cc|cs ocsscs m|nc|+|s sio numc|os+s no ||+s|| com +|gum+s |+nt+s oc cxt|+io cm oc|+io
|o| su+ |mo|tnc|+ como |c|t|||z+ntc +s |oc|+s |os|+t|c+s (|os|o||t+s) c s+|s oc ot+ss|o |cc|+m
o c|c|o oc ||o||o+oc + ^ |os|o||t+ |oouto +ut|gcn|co uc o||c|c csscnc|+|mcntc oos +ntc||o-
|cs n|t|o+mcntc oct||t+|s oco||c +ssoc|+o+ + zon+s oc |o|m+io oc c+|bon+tos c |cnomcnos oc
|cssu|gcnc|+ +|s cono|ocs sio cncont|+o+s un|c+mcntc n+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| cxtc|n+ no
t+|uoc suc||o| c nos |+tos m+|g|n+|s Os s+|s oc ot+ss|o oco||cm +ssoc|+oos +os o|+||os o+
m+|gcm cont|ncnt+| |cstc b|+s||c||+
|ng|css+noo oc |o|m+ s|gn|c+ntc cm um+ o|ocm oc ||o||o+ocs ||m|t+o+ c|o tcmo uc oc-
co||c|+ +ntcs oc scu c|ct|vo uso como |ccu|so cnc|gct|co o c+|vio c os ||o|+tos oc g+s ocsc|-
t+m o |ntc|cssc oc c|cnt|st+s o|gios ub||cos c |n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+ ^ +|t|| oc + ||o||o+oc
ocssc m|nc|+| ooc|+ sub|| oc |o|m+ +ccntu+o+
Out|os ocos|tos c+tcgo||z+oos no mcsmo +t+m+| |nc|ucm o cnxo||c c o ot+ss|o uc oc-
m+no+m +|no+ cstuoos com|cmcnt+|cs +cs+| oo con|cc|mcnto ,+ obt|oo o| mc|o oc |o,c-
tos ocscnvo|v|oos c|o c|v|o Cco|og|co oo ||+s|| (C|||)
,:,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
3.2. Poltico-estratgicas
|cnt|c os |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s o+ +|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| oos occ+nos uc +|cscnt+m v+|o| o||t|co-
cst|+tcg|co ocst+c+m-sc cm o|ocm oc ||o||o+oc +s c|ost+s cob+|t||c|+s os su||ctos o||mct+||-
cos c os noou|os o||mct+||cos
^s c|ost+s cob+|t||c|+s sio +ont+o+s como ||o||o+oc + o| sc|cm +buno+ntcs n+ +|c+ o+ c|cv+-
io oo ||o C|+noc |cg|io cont|gu+ +o ||m|tc cxtc|no o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ (|^|-
|| |||| .ooe) c uc ,+ vcm +t|+|noo o |ntc|cssc oc out|os +|scs +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to oc csu|s+s c oc |utu|+s cx|o|+ocs
^ csco||+ oos su||ctos o||mct+||cos como ||o||o+oc . c occo||cntc oo |+to oc uc t+|s |ccu|sos
oco||cm +ssoc|+oos + o|g+n|smos oc |ntc|cssc b|otccno|og|co oc +|to v+|o| comc|c|+| |o|t+nto
+ csu|s+ s|mu|tnc+ oos oo|s |ccu|sos sc||+ m+|s +t|+t|v+ +|+ +s +gcnc|+s n+nc|+oo|+s
Os u+o|os + c . |csumcm +s ||o||o+ocs o|scut|o+s c|os +uto|cs com |c|+io +os m|nc|+|s oc
v+|o| soc|occonom|co c m|nc|+|s oc v+|o| o||t|co-cst|+tcg|co
Quadro +. ||nc|+|s oc v+|o| soc|occonom|co
1ema kecurso Mlneral
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|ccuc|+io oc |+|+s ^|c|+s c c+sc+||os ^|t+ ^|t+ ^|to 1
u||mcntos const|uio c|v|| ^|c|+s c c+sc+||os ^|t+ ^|t+ ^|to 1
|c|t|||z+ntcs c |noust||+ cm gc|+|
C|+nu|+oos b|oc|+st|cos
(c+|bon+tos)
^|t+ ^|t+ ^|to 1
|c|t|||z+ntcs c |noust||+ u|m|c+ |os|+tos c s+|s oc ot+ss|o ^|t+ ^|t+ ^|to 1
||vc|sos (|+cc|cs) ||nc|+|s cs+oos |co|+ ^|t+ ^|to
|nc|g|+
C+|vio |co|+ ^|t+ ^|to
||o|+tos oc g+s |+|x+ ^|t+ ^|to !
|c|t|||z+ntcs c u|m|c+ |nxo||c |co|+ ^|t+ |co|o !
^||mcnt+io c c|o|ou|m|c+ +| gcm+ |+|x+ |co|+ ^|to 4
,,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
Quadro :. ||nc|+|s oc v+|o| o||t|co-cst|+tcg|co
1ema Mlneral
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||nc|+|s o||t|co-cst|+tcg|cos C|ost+s Cob+|t||c|+s ^|t+ ^|t+ ^|to 1
||nc|+|s o||t|co-cst|+tcg|cos
(b|otccno|og|+)
u||ctos o||mct+||cos |co|+ ^|t+ ^|to
||nc|+|s o||t|co-cst|+tcg|cos |oou|os o||mct+||cos |+|x+ ^|t+
|ntc|mc-
o|+||o
!
4. reas prioritrias
|o| conccnt|+| m+|o| v+||co+oc oc |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s a c m+|s suscct|vc|s oc cx|ot+io +
+gcno+ oc ||o||o+ocs o+s +|c+s c ||oc|+o+ c|+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| |ntc|n+ |m |c+||o+oc |+
um+ tcnocnc|+ |coom|n+ntc c +tc mcsmo um+ t|+o|io oos v+||os ccnt|os c cu|cs n+c|on+|s
oc conccnt|+| os cstuoos oc gco|og|+ m+||n|+ cm +gu+s |+s+s
|css+|t+-sc ocsoc |ogo + cx|stcnc|+ oc oo|s oom|n|os govc|n+oos c|o t|o oom|n+ntc oc sco|-
mcnt+io uc o| su+ vcz gc|+|+m ou+s v+||co+ocs oc |ccu|sos oc +gu+s |+s+s cxt|cm+mcntc
|mo|t+ntcs g|+nu|+oos s|||c|c|+st|cos c c+|bon+t|cos ^s ou+s +|c+s oc oco||cnc|+ +|cscnt+m
|ocnt|c+ ontu+io u+nto ||o||o+oc c como ||m|tc gcog|+|co + |cg|io oc C+bo |||o (+o no|-
tc c+|bon+t|cos c +o su| s|||c|c|+st|cos)
Out|o onto n+ |no|c+io o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| como ||o||o+oc . c + oco||cnc|+ oc
conccnt|+ocs oc m|nc|+|s cs+oos (|+cc|cs) uc ,unt+mcntc com os oco||cntcs n+ zon+
costc||+ const|tucm |ccu|sos oc g|+noc v+|o| cconom|co usu+|mcntc +ssoc|+oos + v+|cs u-
v|+|s +|og+oos c +nt|g+s ||n|+s oc |+|+
|css+ scucnc|+ cm o||cio + m+| +bc|to c ,+ cm +gu+s m+|s |o|uno+s c+||+m + zon+ cxtc|n+
o+ |+t+|o|m+ o t+|uoc suc||o| c os |+tos m+|g|n+|s uc +b||g+m +s oco||cnc|+s oc |os|o||t+s
|nt|ct+nto +|no+ |+ +scctos nio cu+c|on+oos sob|c + o||gcm ocss+s |os|o||t+s n+ m+|gcm
cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ Os oucos t|+b+||os cx|stcntcs sob|c o +ssunto o|vc|gcm u+nto + css+
o||gcm oct||t+| c+|c+||o |os|+t|z+oo ou o|+gcn|co n+s |cg|ocs oc |cssu|gcnc|+ Os o+oos o|vu|-
g+oos c|o ||||||| |^|||| |a:a 8ase (|||O||| e: a' ) c|+ss||c+m cssc t|o oc oco-
s|to n+ c+tcgo||+ ncsnc:e a.e''o +|+ +s sc|s oco||cnc|+s c+o+st|+o+s +tc |m
,,+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|o| |cg|st|+o+ ,unto +o |^|||| (|^||| e: a' .oo,) + cx|stcnc|+ oc noou|os c conc|cocs
|os|+t|c+s n+ m+|gcm cont|ncnt+| oo ||o C|+noc oo u| com |o,cto oc cstuoo oct+||+oo + sc|
|m|cmcnt+oo ^ c|t+o+ cont||bu|io |nc|u|u t+mbcm o |cg|st|o o+s oco||cnc|+s oc m|nc|+|s
cs+oos n+ |cg|io oc |u,u|u os g|+nu|+oos s|||c|c|+st|cos o+ |+t+|o|m+ |ntc|n+ c os +g|cg+oos
c+|bon+t|cos oo ^|b+|oio c C+||ntc||o tooos oco||cntcs n+ zon+ costc||+ c |+t+|o|m+ cont|-
ncnt+| oo ||o C|+noc oo u|
^ +|c+ ||o||t+||+ , cncont|+-sc |ntcns+mcntc ||g+o+ +o c|csccntc |ntc|cssc c|os ||o|+tos oc g+s
c su+ oco||cnc|+ n+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ nos concs oo ^m+zon+s c oo ||o C|+noc
||n+|mcntc cx|stc o n|vc| c|+ss||c+oo como |ntc|mco|+||o |c|cscnt+oo c|o c+|vio - |+t+|o|m+s
cont|ncnt+|s oo ||o C|+noc oo u| c oc +nt+ C+t+||n+ c|o cnxo||c c c|o ot+ss|o (+ssoc|+oos
s b+c|+s m+|g|n+|s b|+s||c||+s no|tc c |cstc) +v+||+oos o| cstuoos ocscnvo|v|oos c|+ C||| n+ oc-
c+o+ oc +,;o c uc +cs+| oc su+ |mo|tnc|+ nio |osscgu||+m +o |ongo oos +nos ostc||o|cs
|c +co|oo com |o|gcs (.oo;) + |mo|tnc|+ cconom|c+ oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s o+ |+t+|o|m+
cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ cst+ o||ct+mcntc |c|+c|on+o+ +o uc + m|nc|+io |c|cscnt+ +|+ + cco-
nom|+ c comct|t|v|o+oc ocsscs |ccu|sos ||cntc + out|+s |ontcs oc su||mcnto o|son|vc|s ^
cont||bu|io o+ m|nc|+io +|+ + cconom|+ c |no|scut|vc| sc,+ como |oouto|+ oc ||ucz+s sc,+
como gc|+oo|+ oc |nsumos c |n||+cst|utu|+ +|+ out|os scgmcntos o+ cconom|+ |o toc+ntc
comct|t|v|o+oc + |mo|tnc|+ oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s m+||n|os sc|+ t+nto m+|o| u+nto m+|s
csc+ssos |o|cm +s out|+s |ontcs c m+|s +v+n+o+ |o| + tccno|og|+ +|+ v|+b|||z+io oc su+ cx|o-
|+io cm b+scs sustcnt+vc|s c +mb|cnt+|mcntc scgu|+s |c um+ m+nc||+ gc|+| + csc+sscz c + |o|-
+ |ou|so|+ oo |og|csso tccno|og|co c c +v+||+o+ c|+ |c|+io cnt|c + ocm+no+ c + o|c|t+ oc
bcns ncccss+||os +os +o|ocs oc u+||o+oc oc v|o+ o+s csso+s
cgunoo ouz+ (.ooe) sio t|cs +s o||c|cntcs |cg|ocs cons|oc|+o+s como onto oc +|t|o+ +|+ +
csu|s+ oc |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s no occ+no |o|unoo
^ ||mc||+ com|ccnoc + zon+ cconom|c+ cxc|us|v+ c + |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| oo ^|u|-
c|+go io |co|o c io |+u|o uc s|tu+oo + ++oo |m o+ cost+ oo cst+oo oo ||o C|+noc
oo |o|tc c +|tc |ntcg|+ntc oo tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o |ss+ |cg|io c o un|co |ug+| sob ,u||so|-
io b|+s||c||+ onoc cx|stc co|o|||c||+ mcsoccn|c+ c conscucntcmcntc + oss|b|||o+oc
oc oco||cnc|+s oc su||ctos o||mct+||cos ^t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ ocsscs |ccu|sos ncss+ |c-
g|io oocm |c|o|+| os ||nc||os oo ||og|+m+ ^|u|c|+go ocscnvo|v|oo c|+ Com|ssio
|ntc|m|n|stc||+| +|+ os |ccu|sos oo |+| (C|||) com o ob,ct|vo oc cstuo+| c oc ocu+|
css+ o|st+ntc +|tc oo tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o +sscgu|+noo + sobc|+n|+ n+c|on+|
^ scguno+ |cg|io com|ccnoc + c|cv+io oo ||o C|+noc |st+ c scm somb|+ oc ouv|-
o+ o| onoc + csu|s+ oc c|ost+s cob+|t||c|+s ocvc||+ comc+| scm csuccc| tooos os
,,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
montcs subm+||nos uc oco||cm n+ m+|gcm cont|ncnt+| ccnt|+| b|+s||c||+ c t+mbcm os
montcs subm+||nos o+ C+oc|+ V|to||+ ||no+oc
^ tc|cc||+ |cg|io |nc|u| + zon+ cconom|c+ cxc|us|v+ c + |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| o+ |||+ oc
||no+oc c |cg|ocs occn|c+s +o,+ccntcs uc +|ccc sc| um bom onto oc +|t|o+ +|+
+ csu|s+ oc noou|os o||mct+||cos |ss+ +t|v|o+oc t+mbcm ocvc|+ |c|o|+| +s +ocs oc-
scnvo|v|o+s c|o |og|+m+ ||o-||no+oc c||+oo c|+ C|||
5. Projetos estruturantes
||o,ctos cst|utu|+ntcs sio +uc|cs uc |c+||z+oos no |cscntc tc|io g|+noc |m+cto no |utu|o
Con|o|mc mcnc|on+oo +o |ongo ocstc c+|tu|o +|guns |o,ctos cst|utu|+ntcs oc g|+noc |ntc-
|cssc +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ c cx|o|+io oc |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s o+
|+t+|o|m+ ,u||o|c+ c +|c+s occn|c+s +o,+ccntcs sio +||o|+oos + scgu||
+ ^m||+io c |o|t+|cc|mcnto oc |cocs oc cooc|+io cm csu|s+ m+||n|+ oc |o|m+ +
v|+b|||z+| + +v+||+io oo otcnc|+| m|nc|+| m+||n|o o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ c
+|c+s occn|c+s oo ^t|nt|co u| c |u+to||+| c |c+||z+| + c+|+ctc||z+io tccno|og|c+ oos
|ccu|sos m|nc|+|s oc |ntc|cssc soc|occonom|co
. C||+io oc um ccnt|o n+c|on+| oc gcstio oc mc|os utu+ntcs c cu|+mcntos occ+no-
g|+cos c oc gco|og|+ c gco||s|c+ m+||n|+ com v|st+s ot|m|z+io c v|+b|||z+io oc |n-
||+cst|utu|+ b+s|c+ oc csu|s+ m+||n|+
, |stcm+t|z+io c |ntcg|+io oc |n|o|m+ocs gco|og|c+s c gco||s|c+s o+ |+t+|o|m+ con-
t|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ c +|c+s occn|c+s +o,+ccntcs o| mc|o o+ const|uio oc um b+nco
oc o+oos gco||c|c|cnc|+oos +ssoc|+oo + um s|stcm+ oc |n|o|m+ocs gcog|+c+s c
c|+bo|+io oc no|m+t|v+s +|+ o |cv+nt+mcnto c o +|m+zcn+mcnto o+s |n|o|m+ocs
gco|og|c+s c gco||s|c+s
| |cv+nt+mcntos s|stcm+t|cos vo|t+oos |ocnt|c+io o+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s gco|og|c+s c gc-
omo||o|og|c+s oo |unoo m+||n|o c oo subso|o o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ oc
mooo + |ocnt|c+| +s o||c|cntcs |c|ocs gco|og|c+s uc + c+|+ctc||z+m
|ocnt|c+io oc +|c+s oc oco||cnc|+ oc novos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s c |cv+nt+mcnto oc |n-
|o|m+ocs gco|og|c+s oc b+sc +|+ o m+nc,o c + gcstio |ntcg|+o+ o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|-
ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ c o+ zon+ costc||+ + c|+ +ssoc|+o+
,,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
e |stuoos oc v|+b|||o+oc tccn|c+ cconom|c+ c +mb|cnt+| +|+ subs|o|+| + o||t|c+ oc |+nc-
,+mcnto c gcstio o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| c o+ zon+ costc||+ c o+s cnt|o+ocs |cgu|+oo-
|+s o| mc|o o+ ocn|io oc c||tc||os tccn|cos +|+ + cx|o|+io ocsscs |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s
; |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+s |nst|tu|ocs oc csu|s+ oo +|s |nc|u|noo um |og|+m+ oc |o|m+-
io c c++c|t+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos n+ +|c+ oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+
s |csu|s+ c |+v|+ m|nc|+| oc |+cc|cs c g|+nu|+oos s|||c|c|+st|cos c c+|bon+t|cos n+ |+t+-
|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+
, |ccuc|+io o+ cost+ b|+s||c||+ com b+sc cm |nvcnt+||o o+ otcnc|+||o+oc oc +|c|+ o+
|+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| |ntc|n+
+o ^v+||+io c +ocu+io o+ |cg|s|+io m|nc|+| c +mb|cnt+| com v|st+ + s|stcm+t|z+| |+c|o-
n+||z+| c mooc|n|z+| o m+|co |cg+| ocss+ +t|v|o+oc |cv+noo cm cont+ +s cscc|c|o+ocs
oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s m+||n|os
++ |csu|s+ m|nc|+| n+ +|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| oos occ+nos c |cu|s|io oc s|t|os oc cx|o|+io
ûto||o+oc |ntc|n+c|on+| oos |unoos |+||n|os (O||) cm |cg|ocs +o,+ccntcs |+t+-
|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+
+. Cooc|+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s c |cg|on+|s uc |o|t+|c+m + |cscn+ oo ||+s|| no ^t|nt|-
co u| c |u+to||+| t+nto no uc o|z |csc|to csu|s+ oc con|cc|mcnto oo +mb|cntc
m+||n|o u+nto no uc concc|nc csu|s+ m|nc|+|
+, Cc|+io c;ou +o+t+io oc nov+s tccno|og|+s oc csu|s+ m|nc|+| c |+v|+ +||cc|+o+s
n+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc +mb|cnt+| soc|+| c cconom|c+ o+ +t|v|o+oc
6. Horizontes temporais
Os |o||zontcs tcmo|+|s |oostos ncssc cstuoo cstio cm consonnc|+ com o ||o,cto ||+s|| ,
cmos (C+oc|no |^| o+ .oo|) cm uc os ob,ct|vos n+c|on+|s cst|+tcg|cos sc||+m |m|cmcn-
t+oos |og|css|v+mcntc + +|t|| oc |nst|umcntos |ntc|+t|vos cnt|c o govc|no c + n+io com mc-
t+s cst+bc|cc|o+s +|+ t|cs m+|cos tcmo|+|s cm tc|+ |n|c|o um novo govc|no cm o
||+s|| ocvc|+ tc| cum||oo +s |ct+s oo |||cn|o cst+bc|cc|o+s c|+ O|| cm .o.. csc|+-sc uc
+ n+io b|+s||c||+ oss+ comcmo|+| .oo +nos oc |noccnocnc|+ num contcxto oc m+x|mo bcm-
-cst+| soc|+| c ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co oss|vc| ^ mct+ oc .o,o |o| cst+bc|cc|o+ v|sto uc
v|ntc +nos c o tcmo mco|o cm uc +s +t|v|o+ocs oc m|nc|+io |nc|u|noo |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos
,,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|um+nos ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |n||+cst|utu|+ csu|s+ m|nc|+| ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co c
|+v|+ oss+m sc to|n+| |c+||o+oc
7. Horizonte temporal de 2011
^m||+io c |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+ |coc oc csu|s+ oos |og|+m+s b|+s||c||os ^v+||+io o+
|otcnc|+||o+oc ||nc|+| o+ ||+t+|o|m+ Cont|ncnt+| |u||o|c+ ||+s||c||+ (|cm|+c) c ||oscc-
io c |x|o|+io oc |ccu|sos ||nc|+|s o+ ^|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| oo ^t|nt|co u| c |u+to-
||+| (||o+|c+) oc |o|m+ + no|tc+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ c |+v|+ oc
|ccu|sos m|nc|+|s m+||n|os
Ccstio |ntcg|+o+ oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s m+||n|os sob o com+noo oo ||n|stc||o oc ||-
n+s c |nc|g|+ c o|gios v|ncu|+oos como |||| c C||| c +|cc||+s com + C||| c scus
m|n|stc||os +ssoc|+oos
^v+||+io c +ocu+io o+ |cg|s|+io m|nc|+| c +mb|cnt+| com v|st+s + s|stcm+t|z+| |+c|o-
n+||z+| c mooc|n|z+| o m+|co |cg+| ocss+ +t|v|o+oc |cv+noo cm cont+ +s cscc|c|o+ocs
oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s m+||n|os
|+c+mcnto c o|+gnost|co o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ b+s|c+ |og|st|c+ c oc +o|o csu|s+ c |+-
v|+ oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s m+||n|os c c|+bo|+io oc um |+no oc |m|+nt+io oc |n||+cs-
t|utu|+ uc oss|b|||tc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ +t|v|o+oc
^v+||+io oo otcnc|+| m|nc|+| oo m+| tc|||to||+| |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| c zon+ ccono-
m|c+ cxc|us|v+ c c+|+ctc||z+io tccno|og|c+ oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s oc |ntc|cssc soc|occo-
nom|co como o| cxcm|o |os|o||t+s m+||n|+s +|+ uso como |c|t|||z+ntc n+ +g||cu|tu|+
|stcm+t|z+io c |ntcg|+io o+s |n|o|m+ocs gco|og|c+s c gco||s|c+s o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|-
ncnt+| ,u||o|c+ b|+s||c||+ o| mc|o o+ const|uio oc um b+nco oc o+oos gco||c|c|cnc|+-
oos +ssoc|+oo + um s|stcm+ oc |n|o|m+ocs gcog|+c+s c c|+ c|+bo|+io oc no|m+t|v+s
+|+ o |cv+nt+mcnto c +|m+zcn+mcnto o+s |n|o|m+ocs gco|og|c+s c gco||s|c+s
|c+||z+io oc |cv+nt+mcntos s|stcm+t|cos v|s+noo |ocnt|c+| +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s gco|og|c+s
c gcomo||o|og|c+s oo |unoo m+||n|o c oo subso|o o+ |+t+|o|m+ ,u||o|c+ |ocnt|c+| +s
o||c|cntcs |c|ocs gco|og|c+s uc + c+|+ctc||z+m |ocnt|c+| +|c+s oc oco||cnc|+s oc novos
|ccu|sos m|nc|+|s |cv+nt+| |n|o|m+ocs gco|og|c+s oc b+sc +|+ o m+nc,o c gcstio |ntc-
g|+o+ o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| c zon+ costc||+ +ssoc|+o+
|c+||z+io oc |cv+nt+mcntos tcm+t|cos v|s+noo +v+||+io o+ otcnc|+||o+oc oos |ccu|-
sos m|nc|+|s cscc|cos o+ |+t+|o|m+ ,u||o|c+ ob,ct|v+noo o +umcnto o+ o|c|t+ oc bcns
m|nc|+|s +|+ + |noust||+
,,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|c+||z+io oc cstuoos oc v|+b|||o+oc tccn|c+ cconom|c+ +mb|cnt+| +|+ subs|o|+| + o-
||t|c+ oc |+nc,+mcnto c gcstio o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| c zon+ costc||+ c +s cnt|o+ocs
|cgu|+oo|+s o| mc|o o+ ocn|io oc c||tc||os tccn|cos +|+ + cx|ot+io ocstcs |ccu|sos
m|nc|+|s
C||+io oc g|uo oc t|+b+||o +|+ o|scut|| c |oo| um+ |cg|s|+io sob|c m|nc|+io no
|unoo m+||n|o cm +gu+s sob ,u||so|io b|+s||c||+ no mb|to oo ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c
|nc|g|+ |o|m+oo o| |c|cscnt+ntcs o+ |C||| |||| |b+m+ C||| |+||n|+ c ou-
t|os o|gios c cnt|o+ocs |ntc|css+o+s sob + coo|ocn+io oo ||mc||o +|+ uc cstc o|sc|-
||n+mcnto oss+ +ntcccoc| um+ m+|o| ocm+no+ o| css+s +|c+s
||omoio oc um+ m+|o| |ntcg|+io cnt|c +s |nst|tu|ocs cnvo|v|o+s n+ sc+||z+io ou
sc,+ |b+m+ c |||| oc |o|m+ + m|n|m|z+| |ob|cm+s cx|stcntcs ||nc|+|mcntc com
|c|+io |+|t+ oc csso+| cscc|+||z+oo c |ccu|sos m+tc||+|s +|+ +s +t|v|o+ocs oc sc+||-
z+io no m+|
||+bo|+io c |m|cmcnt+io oc um |+no oc |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+s |nst|tu|ocs oc csu|s+
oo +|s |nc|u|noo um |og|+m+ oc |o|m+io c c++c|t+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos n+ +|c+
oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+
C||+io oc mcc+n|smos oc n+nc|+mcnto oc csu|s+ o|g+n|z+oos oc |o|m+ + gc|+| co-
n|cc|mcnto +|+ +tcnoc| +s ncccss|o+ocs oc ocm+no+s soc|occonom|c+s m+ntcnoo c
+m||+noo co|t+|s +|+ g|+nocs |o,ctos
^m||+io o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ c |n|c|o o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc |+v|+ m|nc|+| oc |+cc|cs
c g|+nu|+oos s|||c|c|+st|cos c c+|bon+t|cos n+ |+t+|o|m+ ,u||o|c+
^m||+io o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc |ccuc|+io o+ cost+ b|+s||c||+ com b+sc cm |nvcnt+||o o+
otcnc|+||o+oc oc +|c|+ o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| |ntc|n+ s .oo m|||+s m+||t|m+s
|n|c|o o+ csu|s+ m|nc|+| n+ +|c+ c |cu|s|io oc s|t|os oc cx|o|+io +uto||o+oc cm
|cg|ocs +o,+ccntcs |+t+|o|m+ ,u||o|c+ com o ob,ct|vo oc ocu+-|+s +ntcs uc sc,+m |c-
u|s|t+o+s o| out|os +|scs co|oc+noo cm ||sco + scgu|+n+ oc noss+ sobc|+n|+
|st+bc|cc|mcnto oc cooc|+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s c |cg|on+|s uc |o|t+|c+m + |cscn+ oo
||+s|| no ^t|nt|co u| c |u+to||+| t+nto no uc o|z |csc|to csu|s+ oc con|cc|mcnto
oo +mb|cntc m+||n|o u+nto csu|s+ m|nc|+|
||+bo|+io oc um cstuoo oc v|+b|||o+ocs +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc um ccnt|o n+c|on+|
oc gcstio oc mc|os utu+ntcs c cu|+mcntos oc csu|s+ m+||n|+
,,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|m|cmcnt+io oc um mooc|o oc gcstio |ntcg|+o+ c |ntc||nst|tuc|on+| +|+ o scto| m|-
nc|+| m+||n|o com um+ |cg|s|+io no|m+t|v+ mooc|n+ c|+|+ c bcm o|g+n|z+o+ uc |+c|-
||tc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo scto| o u+| ocvc|+ sc| mont+oo + +|t|| oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto
no |o||zontc tcmo|+| +ntc||o|
|m|cmcnt+io oc um |+no oc sc+||z+io cst|utu|+oo +|+ + +t|v|o+oc oc csu|s+ m|nc-
|+| c |+v|+ contcm|+noo mc|os |og|st|cos c |ccu|sos |um+nos cm u+nt|o+oc c u+||o+oc
+ocu+oos com + +|t|c|+io c|ct|v+ oc o|gios govc|n+mcnt+|s como |b+m+ c ||||
^tu+||z+io o+ b+sc oc o+oos sob|c |n|o|m+ocs gco|og|c+s gco||s|c+s c oc o+oos oc |o-
ouio m|nc|+| o+ |+t+|o|m+ ,u||o|c+ m+nutcnio oo b+nco oc o+oos gco||c|c|cnc|+oos
+ssoc|+oo + um s|stcm+ oc |n|o|m+ocs gcog|+c+s
^m||+io c mooc|n|z+io o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ oc csu|s+ c |+v|+ oc |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s
m+||n|os oc |o|m+ + +tcnoc| +s ocm+no+s oo scto| |oout|vo
Cc|+io c;ou +o+t+io oc nov+s tccno|og|+s oc csu|s+ m|nc|+| c |+v|+ +||cc|+oos n+
sustcnt+b|||o+oc +mb|cnt+| soc|+| c cconom|c+ o+ +t|v|o+oc
Ot|m|z+io c v|+b|||z+io oc um+ |n||+cst|utu|+ b+s|c+ oc csu|s+ m|nc|+| cm occ+no
|o|unoo
|ntcg|+io +m||+io c |o|t+|cc|mcnto oo ||og|+m+ |cm|+c com cn|+sc cm |cv+nt+-
mcntos tcm+t|cos c cstuoos oc v|+b|||o+oc cconom|c+ c tccn|c+
Conso||o+io o+ cx|ot+io oc g|+nu|+oos c |+cc|cs m+||n|os +o |ongo oc too+ + cost+
b|+s||c||+ ocscnvo|vcnoo-sc oc |o|m+ sustcnt+vc| com + gc|+io oc o|v|s+s cm|cgo c
|cno+ +|+ +s comun|o+ocs |oc+|s c |cg|on+|s
|n|c|o o+ csu|s+ m|nc|+| oc c+|vio |os|o||t+ cv+o||tos cnxo||c c ||o|+tos oc g+s n+
|+t+|o|m+ ,u||o|c+ c zon+ cconom|c+ cxc|us|v+ com + u+nt|c+io c u+||c+io o+s
|csc|v+s m|nc|+|s
|+nutcnio c +m||+io o+s |cg|ocs |cu|s|t+o+s n+ +|c+ c |c+||z+io oc cstuoos +|+
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s oc cx|ot+io sustcnt+vc| cm +gu+s |o|uno+s
Conso||o+io o+ cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| c |cg|on+| c |o|m+io oc +|cc||+s +|+ +|o-
|uno+mcnto o+ csu|s+ c +|ovc|t+mcnto oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s o+ +|c+
|+nutcnio o+s ||n|+s oc cost+ |ccuc|+o+s oos |occssos c|os|on+|s
C||+io oc um ccnt|o n+c|on+| oc gcstio oc mc|os utu+ntcs c cu|+mcntos oc cs-
u|s+ m+||n|+
,,)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
V+||o+io |o|t+|cc|mcnto c mon|to|+mcnto oo mooc|o oc gcstio o+ m|nc|+io m+||n|+
no ||+s|| c oc su+s ||nc|+|s +ocs c|cnc+o+s no |o||zontc tcmo|+| oc
^c||c|o+mcnto oo |occsso oc gcstio oo scto| |uno+mcnt+oo no mc||o| con|cc|-
mcnto c|cnt|co c tccno|og|co o|son|vc|
Cont|nu|o+oc oos cstuoos m+nutcnio c +m||+io o+s |cg|ocs |cu|s|t+o+s n+ +|c+
Cont|nu|o+oc c +m||+io o+s cooc|+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s c |cg|on+|s c o+s +|cc||+s +|+
+|o|uno+mcnto o+ csu|s+ c +|ovc|t+mcnto oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s o+ +|c+ conso||-
o+noo noss+ |cscn+ no ^t|nt|co u| c |u+to||+|
Conso||o+io oo scto| m|nc|+| m+||n|o +||cc|+oo sob|c um+ b+sc |oout|v+ soc|+| cco-
nom|c+ c +mb|cnt+|mcntc sustcnt+vc| |c+||z+noo um+ cx|ot+io m|nc|+| |cn+ c +oc-
u+o+mcntc o|ocn+o+ com b+sc cm mooc|nos |nst|umcntos oc gcstio t|+ns+|cntcs c
+|t|c|+t|vos |nc|u|noo + ut|||z+io oc +|c+s m+||n|+s |otcg|o+s c com um+ cst|utu|+
oc sc+||z+io +g|| c cc|cntc
Conso||o+io oo ccnt|o n+c|on+| oc gcstio oc mc|os utu+ntcs c cu|+mcntos oc cs-
u|s+ m+||n|+
V+||o+io |o|t+|cc|mcnto c mon|to|+mcnto o+s +ocs c|cnc+o+s nos |o||zontcs tcmo-
|+|s oc c
Conso||o+io oc um+ |noust||+ oc +|ovc|t+mcnto oc |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s m+||n|os uc g+-
|+nt+ + ocu+io c|ct|v+ oo m+| b|+s||c||o c +m||+io o+ |cscn+ b|+s||c||+ no ^t|nt|co
u| c |u+to||+| oc |o|m+ |+c|on+| c sustcnt+vc| nos |+nos |cg|on+| n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+|
11. Consideraes nais
|st+bc|ccc| um |+no cst|+tcg|co +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto |+c|on+| c sustcnt+vc| oc |ccu|sos m|-
nc|+|s m+||n|os oc |o|m+ + g+|+nt|| + +m||+io o+ |cscn+ b|+s||c||+ no ^t|nt|co u| c |u+-
to||+| nio c um+ t+|c|+ s|m|cs
|+|+ o+| + ocv|o+ |mo|tnc|+ +os o||c|cntcs t|os oc |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s cstcs |o|+m subo|v|o|oos
cm soc|occonom|cos o| tc|cm + oss|b|||o+oc oc mov|mcnt+| + cconom|+ c gc|+| cm|cgos
,,s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
no cu|to c mco|o |+zo c cm o||t|co-cst|+tcg|cos o|s su+ |ocnt|c+io c |cu|s|io +|+ cx-
|o|+io cm +|c+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s +o,+ccntcs |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ tcm cscc|+| |n-
tc|cssc +|+ + sobc|+n|+ n+c|on+|
|o momcnto +tu+| cm uc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co oss|b|||t+ + cx|o|+io sustcnt+vc|
oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s oos occ+nos cm |cg|ocs c+o+ vcz m+|s |o|uno+s c cm uc +s +t|v|o+ocs oc
cx|o|+io ocsscs |ccu|sos tcm mov|mcnt+oo oc |o|m+ csct+cu|+| + cconom|+ oc v+||os +|scs c
gc|+oo m|||+|cs oc cm|cgo o ||+s|| +|s oc g|+noc t|+o|io m|nc|+ nio ooc c+| oc |o|+
O cstuoo t+mbcm tcntou most|+| uc o cs+o m+||n|o b|+s||c||o nio sc ||m|t+ +os scus
oc u||omct|os u+o|+oos oc m+| tc|||to||+| zon+ cconom|c+ cxc|us|v+ c |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+|
C+so o ||+s|| vcn|+ + |cu|s|t+| +|c+s +|+ cx|o|+io oc |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s cm zon+s |ntc|n+c|o-
n+|s oos occ+nos cst+s t+mbcm oocm sc| cons|oc|+o+s como |+zcnoo +|tc oo cs+o m+||n|o
b|+s||c||o ||g+-sc oc +ss+gcm uc o ||+s|| c um +|s oc o|mcnsocs cont|ncnt+|s g|++s busc+
oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s uc oco||cu ocsoc os ||mo|o|os oc scu ocscob||mcnto ^ss|m como nossos
+ntc+ss+oos nos g+|+nt||+m +s ||ucz+s n+tu|+|s uc ocs||ut+mos +tu+|mcntc t+mbcm tcmos
uc g+|+nt|| s gc|+ocs |utu|+s ||ucz+s n+tu|+|s uc |o,c sc co|oc+m como cst|+tcg|c+s +|+ um
|utu|o nio mu|to o|st+ntc | |mo|t+ntc uc +tcntcmos +|+ cst+s ucstocs
,,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Referncias
|O|C| | .oo; ^scctos |conom|cos oos |ccu|sos ||nc|+|s |+||n|os |n |stuoo oo |+| |mo|tn-
c|+ cconom|c+ o||t|c+ c cst|+tcg|c+ oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ c
+|c+s occn|c+s +o,+ccntcs |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos
CC|| |umc|o .| ^gosto .oo; +,+-.,o - ||+s|||+ ||+s||
CC|| .oo; Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos |stuoos oo |+| |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s |u-
mc|o .| ^gosto .oo; ++-|o - ||+s|||+ ||+s||
CC|| .o+o Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos |ccu|sos ||nc|+|s ^|cm o+s .oo m|||+s |+ut|c+s
|cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s cm |c+|+io
|||O||| | ^|C|| C C^||O| | ^C| |
|+||nc ||nc|+| Occu||cnccs +no |cos|ts o| t|c |conom|c |xc|us|vc zoncs |^|||| |+t+ |+sc |o|-
t|ons ||||||| occu||cnccs ||ouz+nc Ccocx ||+n+
|^||| || |^||| || \O||| ||
+no |cos|ts +|ong ||o C|+noc oo u| (||+z||) |nnc| Cont|ncnt+| |c|| |n || |^||| C| ^|^-
|^ co|to|s) |on-||v|ng |csou|ccs o| t|c out|c|n ||+z|||+n Co+st+| zonc +no Cont|ncnt+| |+|g|n
O^;|OC-|||CO;|C cc|+| |ub||c+t|on.e-,s |o|to ^|cg|c ||+s||
|^||| || |^||Oz^ |C C^||O || |
out|c|n ||+z|||+n |+||nc ||nc|+|s Occu||cnccs +no |cos|ts (Cont||but|on to ||||||| |^||||
|+t+ |+sc) |cv|st+ C|+vc| vo|- |o|to ^|cg|c ||+s||
|^||| || |||| .ooe
^||c+ocs oc |m+gcns oc +tc||tcs ^|t|mct||cos n+ |ocnt||c+io oc |c|ocs oo |unoo |+||n|o |cv|st+
C|+vc| vo||++,-+.| |o|to ^|cg|c ||+s||
|^||| || .oo;
^scctos C|cnt|cos oos |ccu|sos ||nc|+|s |+||n|os |n |stuoo oo |+| |mo|tnc|+ cconom|c+
o||t|c+ c cst|+tcg|c+ oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ c +|c+s occn|c+s
+o,+ccntcs |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos CC|| |umc-
|o ^gosto - - ||+s|||+ ||+s||
O|z^ |C .ooe
|ccu|sos ||nc|+|s |+||n|os +|cm o+s |u||so|ocs |+c|on+| |ntc|cssc cconom|co o||t|co c cst|+tcg|co
|cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos CC|| |umc|o ., |c-
zcmb|o .ooe .e,-.ss - ||+s|||+ ||+s||
,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O|z^ |C ||||||^ CV .oo;
||nc|+|s oo |unoo oo |+| ^v+nos c |ct|occssos o+s |cgoc|+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s o+ Convcnio o+s
|+ocs |n|o+s sob|c o |||c|to oo |+| |n |stuoos oo |+| |mo|tnc|+ cconom|c+ o||t|c+ c cs-
t|+tcg|c+ oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s o+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| b|+s||c||+ c +|c+s occn|c+s +o,+ccntcs
|cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos CC|| |umc|o .| ^gosto
.oo; ++-|o - ||+s|||+ ||+s||
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Relatrio da sesso Mar e ambientes costeiros
Fbio H. Viera Hazin
1. Contribuies/institucionalidade integrao de
instrumentos
+ |o|t+|ccc| o s|stcm+ n+c|on+| oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ oo m+| com b+sc no concc|to oc
|cocs oc con|cc|mcnto |ntcg|+noo too+s +s |nst|tu|ocs uc t|+b+||+m com c|cnc|+ c
tccno|og|+ oo m+| no +|s num+ |coc v||tu+| uc oss|b|||tc + +m||+io oo cont+to
cnt|c csu|s+oo|cs +|unos c + soc|co+oc cm gc|+| +| |coc |omcnt+||+ + |o|m+io c +
conso||o+io oc +|cc||+s |nst|tuc|on+|s c oc g|uos oc csu|s+ +|+ o cstuoo |ntcg|+oo
oc |occssos occ+nog|+cos oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s cm +|c+s m+||n|+s c oos |ccu|sos
v|vos oo m+|
. ô|+| o |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+ mcnt+||o+oc m+||t|m+ cm cscc|+| nos scto|cs govc|n+mcn-
t+|s c ||v+oos oc |o|m+ + +|cscnt+| c o|vu|g+| o s|gn|c+oo cst|+tcg|co c cconom|co
oos cs+os occn|cos ocsc|t+noo o |ntc|cssc n+ cx|o|+io mon|to|+mcnto cont|o-
|c c oc|cs+ oos |ntc|csscs oo +|s n+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|
+ |||cto| oo |c+|t+mcnto oc |csc+ c û|cu|tu|+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| |u|+| oc |c|n+mbuco (|||||)
|+b|o | V|c|+ |+z|n
,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
1.1. Meta especca
||+bo|+| c |m|cmcnt+| um |+no oc |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+s |nst|tu|ocs oc csu|s+ oo +|s com
voc+io n+ +|c+ oc c|cnc|+s oo m+| + +|t|| o+ c||+io oc um+ |coc |ntcg|+o+
2. Contribuies/formao, capacitao e xao de RH
+ ||omovc| + c++c|t+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos no +|s n+ +|c+ oc c|cnc|+s oo m+|
. ô|+| + |m|+nt+io o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ c + c++c|t+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos ncccss+-
||os mooc|n|z+io tccno|og|c+ oos o|tos c +c||c|o+mcnto oo t|+nso|tc m+||t|mo
c mu|t|moo+| b|+s||c||o cm busc+ o+ |couio oo custo ||+s||
ô|+| +s +ocs n+c|on+|s c |cg|on+|s oc |nvcst|mcnto cm tccno|og|+ cm |n||+cst|utu|+
c cm |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos +|+ + +o+t+io t+nto ub||c+ como cm|cs+||+|
+os +o|ocs +mb|cnt+|s c cm gc|cnc|+mcnto +|t|c|+t|vo com v|st+s +o ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to sustcnt+vc| c +o cont|o|c o+ o|u|io n+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|
2.1. Meta especca
C||+| um |nst|tuto n+c|on+| oc csu|s+ csuc||+ c occ+nog|+c+ oot+oo oos mc|os utu+ntcs
ncccss+||os +|+ |c+||z+io oc csu|s+ c |o|m+io oc csso+| n+ +|c+ oc c|cnc|+s oo m+| (cngc-
n|c||os oc csc+ occ+nog|+|os b|o|ogos m+||n|os ctc)
3. Contribuies/ infraestrutura e fomento pesquisa
+ C++c|t+| o +|s +|+ ocscnvo|vc| c ut|||z+| tccno|og|+s oc csu|s+ no cstuoo c cx|o|+-
io oos |ccu|sos c |cnomcnos |cscntcs n+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu| com otcnc|+| +|+ cont||-
bu|| com o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| oo +|s
. ô|+| +s +ocs n+c|on+|s c |cg|on+|s oc |nvcst|mcnto cm tccno|og|+ cm |n||+cst|utu|+
c cm |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos +|+ + +o+t+io t+nto ub||c+ como cm|cs+||+|
+os +o|ocs +mb|cnt+|s c cm gc|cnc|+mcnto +|t|c|+t|vo com v|st+s +o ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to sustcnt+vc| c +o cont|o|c o+ o|u|io n+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|
|c|+to||o o+ scssio |+| c +mb|cntcs costc||os
,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
ôu|||| oc|+| c m+ntc| um+ ||ot+ oc csu|s+ csuc||+ c occ+nog|+c+ cono|zcntc
com o t+m+n|o o+ n+io
C||+| um ccnt|o n+c|on+| oc gcstio oc mc|os utu+ntcs c cu|+mcntos occ+nog|+cos
n+ |o|m+ oc um |nst|tuto n+c|on+| oc csu|s+ csuc||+ c occ+nog|+c+ oot+oo oos
mc|os utu+ntcs ncccss+||os +|+ |c+||z+io oc csu|s+ c |o|m+io oc csso+| n+ +|c+
oc c|cnc|+s oo m+| (cngcn|c||os oc csc+ occ+nog|+|os b|o|ogos m+||n|os ctc)
^m||+| +s +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ m|nc|+| no m+| |c+||z+noo |cv+nt+mcntos s|stcm+t|-
cos oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s |cscntcs cm +|c+s m+||t|m+s sob ,u||so|io n+c|on+| c |ocnt|-
c+noo +|c+s oc oco||cnc|+ oc novos |ccu|sos
e |c+||z+| cstuoos oc v|+b|||o+oc tccn|c+ cconom|c+ c +mb|cnt+| +|+ + cx|ot+io oos
|ccu|sos m|nc|+|s |cscntcs n+s +|c+s m+||t|m+s sob ,u||so|io n+c|on+|
; ||omovc| + csu|s+ m|nc|+| n+ +|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| oos occ+nos c |cu|s|t+| s|t|os oc cx-
|o|+io ûto||o+oc |ntc|n+c|on+| oos |unoos |+||n|os (O||) |nc|us|vc o| mc|o oc
cooc|+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s c |cg|on+|s
||omovc| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc nov+s tccno|og|+s oc csu|s+ m|nc|+| c |+v|+
, ||omovc| + gc|+io oc o+oos cst+t|st|cos uc c|m|t+m cst|m+| c mon|to|+| o otcnc|+|
oc c+tu|+ sustcnt+vc| oos o||c|cntcs cstoucs +ss|m como oo cs|o|o oc csc+ |nc|ocn-
tc sob|c os mcsmos (||og|+m+ îo +|+ + ^v+||+io oo |otcnc|+| ustcnt+vc| c |on|-
to|+mcnto oos |ccu|sos V|vos |+||n|os)
||omovc| + |c+||z+io oc cstuoos sob|c mooc|os oc gcstio csuc||+ uc |nc|u+m +|cm
oos c|cmcntos ncccss+||os consc|v+io oos cstoucs +|vo (uot+s oc c+tu|+ ||m|t+-
io oo cs|o|o oc csc+ ocn|io o+ c++c|o+oc csuc||+ t+m+n|o m|n|mo oc c+tu-
|+ ctc) +scctos |c|+t|vos +o ccoss|stcm+ m+||n|o (|m+ctos sob|c cscc|cs c+tu|+o+s
nio |ntcnc|on+|mcntc ocg|+o+io oos nao:a:s oc |unoo ut|||z+io oc |csc|v+s m+||n|+s
+|c+s oc cxc|usio oc csc+ |cc||cs c +t|+to|cs +|t||c|+|s como cst|+tcg|+ oc m+nc,o ctc)
++ ||omovc| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c + o||usio oc nov+s tccno|og|+s oc c+tu|+ uc c|m|-
t+m + cx|ot+io sustcnt+vc| oc novos cstoucs +|t|cu|+|mcntc n+ |cg|io oc t+|uoc
c +|c+s occn|c+s o|m|nu|noo +s c+tu|+s o+ |+un+ +com+n|+ntc c +umcnt+noo +o
mcsmo tcmo + cc|cnc|+ oc c+tu|+ o+s cscc|cs +|vo o+s csc+||+s
+. ||omovc| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccn|c+s oc m+n|u|+io c consc|v+io oo csc+oo
+ bo|oo c cm tc||+ |nc|u|noo tccn|c+s oc bcncc|+mcnto uc c|m|t+m + +g|cg+io oc
|+b|o | V|c|+ |+z|n
,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
v+|o| +o |oouto o|vc|s|c+noo os |ooutos csuc||os c o|c|cccnoo +o consum|oo|
|ooutos +|no+ nio o|son|vc|s no mc|c+oo
||omovc| + |c+||z+io oc csu|s+s sob|c +u|cu|tu|+ +bo|o+noo oc |o|m+ ||o||t+-
||+ +s scgu|ntcs +|c+s +) +v+||+io oo otcnc|+| oc ut|||z+io oc cscc|cs n+t|v+s +|+ o
cu|t|vo b) |cv+nt+mcnto o+s +|c+s otcnc|+|mcntc ut|||z+vc|s +|+ + +t|v|o+oc oc m+||-
cu|tu|+ (||||) c) ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s oc cu|t|vo c s|stcm+s oc |oouio
+|t|cu|+|mcntc vo|t+o+s +o cu|t|vo cm +gu+s |o|uno+s o) mon|to|+mcnto m+nc,o c
consc|v+io oos ccoss|stcm+s +u+t|cos cu|t|v+oos c) +to|og|+ c s+n|o+oc |) nut||io
c +||mcnt+io g) |c|oouio c mc||o|+mcnto gcnct|co |) |+|v|cu|tu|+ c |oouio oc
|o|m+s ,ovcns |) ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |og|+m+s oc |covo+mcnto oc |ccu|sos csuc|-
|os c ,) +v+||+io oo |m+cto soc|o+mb|cnt+| o+ m+||cu|tu|+ c oo otcnc|+| oc con||to
com out|+s +t|v|o+ocs
||omovc| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc csu|s+s mu|t|o|sc|||n+|cs sob|c + o|nm|c+ oo ccos-
s|stcm+ m+||n|o |nc|u|noo o +o|io oc c||cu|+io cm +|gum+s |cg|ocs +|no+ mu|to ou-
co cstuo+o+s
|nc|cmcnt+| +s +t|v|o+ocs oc occ+nog|++ oc|+c|on+| no +|s |nc|u|noo + m+nutcn-
io c +m||+io oc |cocs oc obsc|v+io occ+nog|+c+s c + |m|cmcnt+io oc mooc|os
m+tcm+t|cos numc||cos +|+ + |cv|sio oo cst+oo oo m+| cm too+ + z|| c no ^t|nt|co
u| c |u+to||+| cm gc|+|
+e |cscnvo|vc| + occ+nog|++ oc|+c|on+| no +|s + +|t|| ||nc|+|mcntc oo +umcnto
n+ o|son|b|||o+oc oc mc|os utu+ntcs c oc s|stcm+s oc mon|to|+mcnto occ+nog|+co
c|m+ncntc + cxcm|o oo s|stcm+ oc bo|+s oo |o,cto |||+t+ (|'c: |esea.n /ccea ^
a, o :ne c.a' ^:'ao:.) c oo ||og|+m+ |+c|on+| oc |o|+s (|||O|^) |ntcg|+ntcs oo
||og|+m+ G'coa' O.eao Oose.o :,s:eo (COO ||+s||)
+; |o|t+|ccc| + |m|cmcnt+io o+s +ocs |oost+s no ||og|+m+ |uc|c+| ||+s||c||o cm
+|t|cu|+| +uc|+s |nc|cntcs +o cst+bc|cc|mcnto o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ tccno|og|c+ oc +o|o
+o ||og|+m+ oc Const|uio oo ubm+||no ||+s||c||o oc ||ou|sio |uc|c+|
|cscnvo|vc| c |m|+nt+| o |stcm+ oc Cc|cnc|+mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu| (|sC^^z)
vo|t+oo +|+ o mon|to|+mcnto c cont|o|c ocssc cs+o m+||t|mo
,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
3.1. Metas especcas (2 a 3)
+ C||+| o |nst|tuto n+c|on+| oc csu|s+ csuc||+ c occ+nog|+c+ oot+oo oos mc|os u-
tu+ntcs ncccss+||os +|+ |c+||z+io oc csu|s+ c |o|m+io oc csso+| n+ +|c+ oc c|cn-
c|+s oo m+| (cngcn|c||os oc csc+ occ+nog|+|os b|o|ogos m+||n|os ctc)
. ||omovc| + |c+||z+io oc csu|s+s vo|t+o+s +|+ + cx|ot+io sustcnt+vc| oos |ccu|sos
m|nc|+|s |cscntcs n+s +|c+s m+||t|m+s sob ,u||so|io n+c|on+| c cm +|c+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s
c oos |ccu|sos v|vos oo m+| t+nto c|+ csc+ cxt|+t|v+ (cm +|t|cu|+| com + |m|cmcn-
t+io oo ||og|+m+ |cv|m+|) como c|+ +u|cu|tu|+
||omovc| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ occ+nog|++ oc|+c|on+| no +|s + +|t|| ||nc|+|-
mcntc oo +umcnto n+ o|son|b|||o+oc oc mc|os utu+ntcs c oc s|stcm+s oc mon|to|+-
mcnto occ+nog|+co c|m+ncntc
|cscnvo|vc| o ||og|+m+ oc Const|uio oo ubm+||no ||+s||c||o oc ||ou|sio |uc|c+|
|cscnvo|vc| c |m|+nt+| o |stcm+ oc Cc|cnc|+mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu| (|sC^^z) vo|-
t+oo +|+ o mon|to|+mcnto c cont|o|c ocssc cs+o m+||t|mo
4. Contribuies/ nanciamento empresa (reembolsvel e
no reembolsvel)
|tcm nio contcm|+oo
4.1. Metas especcas (2 a 3)
|tcm nio contcm|+oo
5. Contribuies/ marco regulatrio
^v+||+| c +ocu+| + |cg|s|+io m|nc|+| c +mb|cnt+| |c|+t|v+ m|nc|+io cm +|c+s m+||n|+s + m
oc c|m|t|| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ csu|s+ c o+ |+v|+ m|nc|+| oc |o|m+ sustcnt+vc|
|+b|o | V|c|+ |+z|n
,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
6. Desaos
+ ^sscgu|+| o mon|to|+mcnto o cont|o|c c + oc|cs+ o+s +gu+s ,u||so|c|on+|s b|+s||c|-
|+s |nc|u|noo o m+| tc|||to||+| + |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| c + zon+ cconom|c+ cxc|us|v+
(^m+zon|+ ^zu|)
. ||omovc| + ut|||z+io sustcnt+vc| oos |ccu|sos v|vos c nio v|vos |cscntcs n+ ^m+zon|+
^zu| b|+s||c||+
.+ |ccu|sos nio v|vos
.++ ||omovc| + ut|||z+io sustcnt+vc| oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s ||o||t+||os oc v+|o| soc|o-
cconom|co |cscntcs n+s +|c+s m+||t|m+s sob ,u||so|io n+c|on+| com ocst+uc +|+
os +g|cg+oos cnt|c c|cs +|c|+s c+sc+||os c c+|bon+tos os |+cc|cs oc m|nc|+|s cs+oos
(c+ss|tc||t+ ou|o o|+m+ntc ||mcn|t+ |ut||o z||cio mon+z|t+ m+gnct|t+ cnt|c out|os) c
+s |oc|+s |os|+t|c+s (|os|o||t+s) o| su+ |mo|tnc|+ como |c|t|||z+ntc +|cm oos |ccu|sos
cnc|gct|cos como o ct|o|co o c+|vio c os ||o|+tos oc g+s busc+noo com cstc m |c-
so|vc| ou m|t|g+| os ||nc|+|s |ob|cm+s |nc|ocntcs sob|c + +t|v|o+oc oc m|nc|+io no
||+s|| cnt|c os u+|s sc ocst+c+m (+) + cx+ustio o+s |csc|v+s c |cst||ocs +mb|cnt+|s +|+
+ m|nc|+io oc |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s cont|ncnt+|s (b) + c|csccntc cx|o|+io m|nc|+| cm
+gu+s c+o+ vcz m+|s |o|uno+s (c) + c|osio costc||+ (o) + c|csccntc occnocnc|+ n+c|o-
n+| oos |c|t|||z+ntcs |mo|t+oos
.+. ||omovc| + ut|||z+io sustcnt+vc| c|o +|s oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s |cscntcs n+ +|c+
|ntc|n+c|on+| oos occ+nos uc +|cscnt+m um v+|o| o||t|co-cst|+tcg|co com ocst+uc
+|+ +s c|ost+s cob+|t||c|+s os su||ctos o||mct+||cos c os noou|os o||mct+||cos |cv+n-
oo-sc cm cont+ +|t|cu|+|mcntc + co|||o+ |ntc|n+c|on+| +|+ |cu|s|io oc s|t|os oc cx-
|o|+io m|nc|+| n+ +|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| oos occ+nos
.. |ccu|sos v|vos
..+ ||omovc| + ut|||z+io sustcnt+vc| oos |ccu|sos v|vos |cscntcs n+s +gu+s ,u||so|c|on+|s
b|+s||c||+s c|+ csc+ cxt|+t|v+ busc+noo |cso|vc| ou m|t|g+| os ||nc|+|s |ob|cm+s |nc|-
ocntcs sob|c + +t|v|o+oc csuc||+ cnt|c os u+|s sc ocst+c+m +) sob|co|mcns|on+mcn-
to oos mc|os oc |oouio b) +bunonc|+ |c|+t|v+mcntc b+|x+ oos |ccu|sos csuc||os
m+||n|os c) |couz|o+ |oout|v|o+oc oo m+| b|+s||c||o o) ocg|+o+io +mb|cnt+| oos +m-
b|cntcs costc||os cm occo||cnc|+ o+ +io +nt|o|c+ +|t|cu|+|mcntc o+ o|u|io (u|b+n+
+g||co|+ c |noust||+|) n+s +|c+s m+|s |ox|m+s +os g|+nocs ccnt|os u|b+nos c) cs|o|o oc
csc+ cxccss|vo c conccnt|+oo sob|c um cucno g|uo oc |ccu|sos t|+o|c|on+|mcntc
,)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
csc+oos |) ut|||z+io oc mctooos oc csc+ |n+ocu+oos c mu|t+s vczcs |co+to||os g)
otcnc|+| |oout|vo c+|+ctc||st|c+s b|o|og|c+s b+s|c+s oc v+||os |ccu|sos csuc||os s|m-
|csmcntc ocscon|cc|oos |) g|+vc occ|cnc|+ oc o+oos cst+t|st|cos oc |oouio c cs|o|-
o oc csc+ uc c|m|t+ mon|to|+| + cono|io oos cstoucs cx|ot+oos |) scto| |oou-
t|vo com b+|xo n|vc| oc consc|cnt|z+io oos ||m|tcs n+tu|+|s o+ cx|ot+io sustcnt+vc|
... ||omovc| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ +u|cu|tu|+ sustcnt+vc| no +|s busc+noo |cso|vc|
ou m|t|g+| os ||nc|+|s |ob|cm+s |nc|ocntcs sob|c + +t|v|o+oc +u|co|+ cnt|c os u+|s
sc ocst+c+m +) b+|x+ u+||o+oc o+ +gu+ nos +mb|cntcs costc||os c cstu+||nos b) +t|-
v|o+oc ||m|t+o+ +os +mb|cntcs costc||os (+gu+s |+s+s) ocv|oo c+|cnc|+ oc tccno|og|+
+|+ cu|t|vo cm +gu+s |o|uno+s c) c|cv+oo otcnc|+| oc con|to cnt|c |oouto|cs oc
csc+oo c out|os g|uos oc |ntc|cssc scto||+| como o tu||smo os cso|tcs n+ut|cos o
t|+nso|tc m+||t|mo ctc o) |n+ocu+o+ oc||m|t+io o+s +|c+s onoc + +t|v|o+oc oss+
sc| |m|cmcnt+o+ com sustcnt+b|||o+oc +mb|cnt+| c cco|og|c+ c) c+|cnc|+ oc cstuoos
c|cnt|cos uc c|m|t+m +v+||+| oc |o|m+ m+|s +|o|uno+o+ o ocscmcn|o cconom|co
o+ +t|v|o+oc c o vc|o+oc||o |m+cto +mb|cnt+| c soc|+| |) |+|t+ oc t|+o|io c consc|cnt|-
z+io +ssoc|+t|v|st+ o+s comun|o+ocs ||to|nc+s t|+o|c|on+|s g) +scctos |cg+|s |c|+t|vos
m+||cu|tu|+ +n+c|on|cos com|cxos c o||usos |) |nsuc|cnc|+ oc s|stcm+s oc |n|o|m+-
io c o+oos cst+t|st|cos |) o|cu|o+oc oc +ccsso s ||n|+s oc c|co|to o|son|vc|s +|+ o
|n+nc|+mcnto o+ c+oc|+ |oout|v+ o+ m+||cu|tu|+ ,) g|+vcs oc|c|cnc|+s tccno|og|c+s
cm too+s +s ct++s o+ c+oc|+ |oout|v+ |) g|+noc occ|t oc mio oc ob|+ u+||c+o+ c
c+|cnc|+ oc |og|+m+s oc c++c|t+io |oss|on+| |) c|cv+oo custo oc |oouio ||nc|-
+|mcntc ocv|oo +o |co o+ |+io m) occ|cnc|+ oc |n||+cst|utu|+ oc +o|o consc|-
v+io csco+mcnto c comc|c|+||z+io o+ |oouio
Cum||| com +s ob||g+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s c |csons+b|||o+ocs +ssum|o+s c|o +|s no
mb|to o+ Convcnio o+s |+ocs |n|o+s sob|c o |||c|to oo |+| (C||||) c occo||cn-
tcs o+s ncccss|o+ocs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+s +gu+s ,u||so|c|on+|s b|+s||c||+s
^|c+n+| um+ com|ccnsio +ocu+o+ o+ |nucnc|+ oo +mb|cntc occn|co c oos |cno-
mcnos occ+nog|+cos n+ o|nm|c+ +tmos|c||c+ |+to| csscnc|+| cnt|c out|+s co|s+s +|+ +
gc|+io oc mooc|os oc |cv|sio mctco|o|og|c+ oc |mcns+ ut|||o+oc |+t|c+ c s|gn|c+io
cconom|c+ como n+ |cv|sio oo |cg|mc oc c|uv+s cnc|cntcs scc+s s+||+s +g||co|+s ctc
Cc|+| sc||cs tcmo|+|s +cu|+o+s oc o+oos occ+nog|+cos csscnc|+|s +|+ o cntcno|mcn-
to oos |occssos c||m+t|cos oc |ongo |+zo como no c+so oo +ucc|mcnto g|ob+| oo
oss|vc| +umcnto no n|vc| oo m+| c o+ |ov+vc| +c|o|c+io oos occ+nos cm occo||cn-
c|+ oo +umcnto o+ conccnt|+io oc o|ox|oo oc c+|bono n+ +tmos|c|+ c|+ uc|m+ oc
combust|vc|s |ossc|s
|+b|o | V|c|+ |+z|n
,s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
7. Programas
+ ||+no cto||+| +|+ os |ccu|sos oo |+| coo|ocn+oo c|+ Com|ssio |ntc|m|n|stc||+| +|+
os |ccu|sos oo |+| (C|||)
. C||+io n+ o||t|c+ oc C| oc um+ ||n|+ oc +io |nt|tu|+o+ ^m+zon|+ ^zu|
||og|+m+ oc Const|uio oo ubm+||no ||+s||c||o oc ||ou|sio |uc|c+|
||og|+m+ îo +|+ + ^v+||+io oo |otcnc|+| ustcnt+vc| c |on|to|+mcnto oos |ccu|-
sos V|vos |+||n|os (|cv|m+|)
||og|+m+ G'coa' O.eao Oose.o :,s:eo (COO ||+s||) c ||og|+m+ |+c|on+| oc |o|+s
(|||O|^)
Parte
kecursos bldrlcos e mlnerals
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|ccu|sos ||o||cos c m|nc|+|s
Desaos regionais, territoriais e ambientais
Claudio Scliar
1. Breve diagnstico sobre a situao brasileira e internacional

quanto aos recursos minerais
Os |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s sio +m|+mcntc ut|||z+oos c|+ soc|co+oc |um+n+ ocsoc os scus ||mo|o|os
|nc|us|vc +|guns oos c||ooos m+|s +nt|gos o+ noss+ c|v|||z+io |o|+m ocnom|n+oos oc |o+oc o+ |c-
o|+ |o+oc oo |c||o c |o+oc oo Cob|c ^ cvo|uio o+s +|tcs o+s c|cnc|+s c o+s tccno|og|+s +m||ou
o |o| o+s substnc|+s m|nc|+|s +|ovc|t+o+s +|+ + const|uio oo munoo +|t|c|+| onoc v|vcmos c
o|vc|s+s com+|+ocs oocm sc| |c|t+s +|+ most|+| + cst|c|t+ |c|+io cnt|c o uso oos bcns m|nc-
|+|s mct+||cos nio mct+||cos c cnc|gct|cos com o g|+u oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |um+no
^s substnc|+s m|nc|+|s sio const|tu|ntcs o||g|n+|s o+s |oc|+s c oos so|os o|st||bu|oos cm tooo o
|+nct+ |m +|guns c+sos oco||c|+m cvcntos ||s|cos c u|m|cos uc v|+b|||z+|+m + conccnt|+io
cm +|guns |oc+|s ocss+s substnc|+s to|n+noo-+s cconom|c+mcntc +ss|vc|s oc sc|cm cx|ot+-
o+s |ss+ cono|io oc |cscn+ somcntc cm +|guns |oc+|s co|oc+ + ncccss|o+oc oc bcm +|ovc|-
t+| os ,+z|mcntos con|cc|oos +|+ +m||+| scu tcmo oc v|o+ +o mcsmo tcmo cm uc cx|gc o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc cstuoos gco|og|cos +|+ + ocscobc|t+ oc nov+s m|n+s
O ocscnvo|v|mcnto c+|t+||st+ |ntcns|cou o uso oos bcns m|nc|+|s c nos +|scs ccnt|+|s +|-
cc|+ s|gn|c+ oos ,+z|mcntos |o|+m cx+u||oos ou sc to|n+|+m cconom|c+mcntc |nv|+vc|s ^s
+ cc|ct+||o oc Cco|og|+ ||nc|+io c |+ns|o|m+io ||nc|+| oo ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c |nc|g|+ (|||)
C|+uo|o c||+|
,,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
cst+t|st|c+s |c|+t|v+s +o uso oos bcns m|nc|+|s sio s|gn|c+t|v+s t+nto o| ocmonst|+| + |+zio
oo csgot+mcnto o+s m|n+s con|cc|o+s nos +|scs uc ||mc||o sc |noust||+||z+|+m u+nto c|+
ncccss|o+oc oc os ovos oos +|scs cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto c ob|cs tc|cm +s |n||+cst|utu|+s co|-
c+ocs c |ooutos uc cont||bu+m +|+ + mc||o|+ o+ u+||o+oc oc v|o+ cgunoo ub||c+io
o+ C|;||| (|c|scct|v+ ||nc|+| ) nos +nos - o consumo nos ||^ oc +o cm
u||os e .a:a |o| oc c oc c|mcnto |cscct|v+mcntc |o ||+s|| cm o consumo
cm u||os e .a:a oc +o c c|mcnto |o| |cscct|v+mcntc oc c |sso |cvc|+ + ocm+no+
|c||m|o+ o| cst|+o+s ontcs o|tos |cs|ocnc|+s c out|os |ooutos
O ||+s|| +|s oc o|mcnsocs cont|ncnt+|s n+ su+ +|c+ cmc|s+ ( m|||m
) c |mc|s+ ( m||
|m
) +|cscnt+ um+ ||sto||+ gco|og|c+ uc c|m|t|u ocsoc o sccu|o X|X + ocscobc|t+ oc g|+n-
ocs ,+z|mcntos oc m|nc||o oc |c||o ôs m+c+mcntos gco|og|cos |o|+m cncont|+o+s m|n+s
oc c|+ssc |ntc|n+c|on+| oc n|ob|o b+ux|t+ c+ss|tc||t+ c c+u||m |os u|t|mos +nos ,+z|o+s oc cob|c
c n|uc| cstio scnoo v|+b|||z+o+s ô |+oo ocsscs bcns m|nc|+|s uc o ||+s|| tcm cm u+nt|o+oc
|nc|us|vc com g|+nocs cxccocntcs cxo|t+vc|s sc +||n|+m out|os uc nio |o|+m cncont|+oos c;
ou cu,+ cxt|+io +|no+ nio |o| v|+b|||z+o+ t+|s como o ot+ss|o c o c+|vio m|nc|+|
|+|cc|+ s|gn|c+t|v+ o+ |oouio m|nc|+| b|+s||c||+ (cm cscc|+| o m|nc||o oc |c||o) c cxo|t+o+ oc
|o|m+ b|ut+ ou scm|c|+bo|+o+ o uc +c+||ct+ + t|+ns|c|cnc|+ o+ gc|+io oc cm|cgos c |cno+s n+s
|+scs subscucntcs +|+ out|os +|scs ^ss|m o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc C| +|+ + +g|cg+io oc v+-
|o| sc most|+ como |uno+mcnt+| +|+ o +|ovc|t+mcnto sustcnt+vc| oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s oo +|s
|m too+s +s |+scs o+ +t|v|o+oc oc +|ovc|t+mcnto m|nc|+| + ||| c |uno+mcnt+| o|s somcntc
+m||+noo + c++c|o+oc |+bo|+to||+| c com |ccu|sos |um+nos u+||c+oos tc|cmos cono|ocs
oc conso||o+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| oo +|s
2. Principais desaos para o aproveitamento com
sustentabilidade dos recursos minerais
O con|cc|mcnto gco|og|co oo tc|||to||o n+c|on+| cmc|so c |mc|so c + b+sc +|+ + ocscobc|t+
oc novos ,+z|mcntos m|nc|+|s +|cm oc sc|v|| como |uno+mcnto +|+ o o|ocn+mcnto tc|||to||+|
oo +|s Os m+c+mcntos gco|og|cos c os |cv+nt+mcntos +c|ogco||s|cos cont||bucm +|+ + oc-
tc|m|n+io oos +mb|cntcs mct+|ogcnct|cos onoc sc ocscnvo|vc|io +s csu|s+s oc oct+||c +|+
con|m+| ou nio + cx|stcnc|+ oc conccnt|+io oc bcns m|nc|+|s
Con|o|mc + ||gu|+ o ||+s|| tcm |o,c oo scu tc|||to||o con|cc|oo n+ csc+|+ c
n+ csc+|+
|cs+os |cg|on+|s tc|||to||+|s c +mb|cnt+|s
,,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Folhas no mapeadas
Total de folhas mapeadas / em mapeamento
1:100.00 - Total Brasil: 3.039 folhas 1:250.00 - Total Brasil:556 folhas
2.418 (79,6%)
323 (58%)
621 (20,4%)
233 (42%)
Obs: Excluindo a Amaznia,
na escala 1:100.000 = 41,8%
Obs: Excluindo a Amaznia,
na escala 1:250.000 = 61,9%
|lgura +. |c|ccntu+| |o||+s gco|og|c+s m+c+o+s no ||+s|| (;;)
|co:e :G/ e |e'a:ccs ôaas C||/
O g|+noc ocs+|o sc|+ com|ct+| o m+c+mcnto gco|og|co n+ csc+|+ t+nto no tc|||-
to||o cmc|so u+nto n+ |+t+|o|m+ cont|ncnt+| cont||bu|noo +|+ + +|oc+io oc |nvcst|mcntos
cm csu|s+ m|nc|+| c v|+b|||z+noo +os govc|nos |coc|+| cst+ou+|s c mun|c|+|s |c+||z+| o||t|c+s
oc tc|||to||+||z+io con|cccnoo + gcoo|vc|s|o+oc oos scus tc|||to||os
3. Rede Gec.ncocs
^ |coc oc |stuoos Ccoo|nm|cos Ccoc|ono|og|cos c ^mb|cnt+|s (|coc Ccoc||onos) |o| c||+o+
cm o| |n|c|+t|v+ oo ||n|stc||o oc ||n+s c |nc|g|+ (|||) ,unt+mcntc com + |ct|ob|+s o
c|v|o Cco|og|co oo ||+s|| (C|||) o ||n|stc||o oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) + |n|vc|s|o+oc
oc io |+u|o (||) + |n|vc|s|o+oc oc ||+s|||+ (|n|) + |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo ||o C|+noc oo
u| (|||) c + |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo |+|+ (|||^)
^ |coc o| |ntc|mco|o oc scus |+bo|+to||os c |o,ctos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co tcm
otcnc|+| +|+ + gc|+io oc o+oos +|+ csu|s+ m|nc|+| c gco|og|c+ +ss|m como +|+ + so|uio
oc |ob|cm+s +mb|cnt+|s ^ |coc ossu| t+mbcm um +m|o |o,cto oc c++c|t+io oc csu|-
s+oo|cs c tccn|cos uc tcm +t|+|oo +|+ o +|s c|cnt|st+s oss|b|||t+noo ocst+ |o|m+ + |o|m+io
oc csu|s+oo|cs b|+s||c||os oc +|to n|vc|
C|+uo|o c||+|
,,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
O |o,cto oc conccio o+ |coc tcvc o| b+sc o suo|tc + csu|s+s cm ct|o|co com cn|+sc
cm cstuoos gcou|m|cos c gcoo|nm|cos o suo|tc + cstuoos c |o,ctos oc gco|og|+ |cg|on+| c
oc mct+|ogcn|+ ||nc|+|mcntc cstuoos gcoc|ono|og|cos c o suo|tc +os cstuoos c |o,ctos oc
||o|ogco|og|+ com |oco cm +mb|cnt+| Os |+bo|+to||os ,+ oc|+m cm su+s |ot|n+s
|cssc mcsmo c||ooo out|os |+bo|+to||os c |nst|tu|ocs oo +|s |o|+m +g|cg+oos |coc scnoo
contcm|+oos com |ccu|sos |ovcn|cntcs oo |unoo ||nc|+|;|C O ocs+o c |o|t+|ccc| + |coc
Ccoc||onos como |nst|umcnto oc +o|o c |omcnto +n+||sc oc substnc|+s m|nc|+|s g+|+nt|n-
oo |ccu|sos uc suo|tcm |o,ctos n+c|on+|s con,untos oos o|vc|sos |+bo|+to||os
4. Instituies de pesquisa universitrias
^|cm oo +c| oc |o|m+io oc |oss|on+|s +|+ o mc|c+oo c oc |o|csso|cs;csu|s+oo|cs +
un|vc|s|o+oc +g|cg+ c++c|t+io |+bo|+to||+| +|+ ocscnvo|vc| csu|s+s c|cnt|c+s c tccno|og|-
c+s n+s +|c+s oc csu|s+ |+v|+ bcncc|+mcnto c t|+ns|o|m+io oos bcns m|nc|+|s O ocs+o c
o+| cont|nu|o+oc +o +o|o c |omcnto + css+s +t|v|o+ocs +|cm oc |o|t+|ccc| + +|t|cu|+io cnt|c os
o|vc|sos g|uos oc csu|s+oo|cs oc m+nc||+ + mc||o| cont||bu|| +|+ + const|uio oo ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| oo +|s
Out|os ccnt|os oc csu|s+ cstio v|ncu|+oos +o |C +o ||| c + |nst|tu|ocs ub||c+s c ||-
v+o+s scnoo |uno+mcnt+| o +o|o c |omcnto o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc ||| uc |c|o|ccm +s o||t|c+s
n+c|on+|s oc +|ovc|t+mcnto sustcnt+vc| oos |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s
5. Fundo CT-Mineral/MCT
Os |ccu|sos oo |unoo C-||nc|+| |ovcm oc oo |cco|||mcnto o+ Comcns+io ||n+ncc||+
c|+ |xt|+io ||nc|+| (C|||) uc c +g+ c|os |oouto|cs oc bcns m|nc|+|s oo +|s |m
o |cco|||mcnto o+ C||| |o| oc | m|||ocs scnoo cnc+m|n|+oo +|+ o |unoo C ||nc|+|
cm to|no oc | m|||ocs |ssc v+|o| cst+ |ongc oc sc| su|c|cntc +|+ +tcnoc| s ocm+no+s oo
scto| to|n+noo-sc |+t|c+mcntc |moss|vc| cum||| os ob,ct|vos oo |unoo |cssc scnt|oo o +u-
mcnto oos v+|o|cs o||cc|on+oos +o |unoo C-||nc|+| c um oos g|+nocs ocs+os +|+ o ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto o+ ||| no scto| m|nc|+|
|cs+os |cg|on+|s tc|||to||+|s c +mb|cnt+|s
,,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
6. Segmento empresarial
^s cm|cs+s b|+s||c||+s oc m|nc|+io ouco |nvcstcm cm csu|s+ m|nc|+| ^s cm|cs+s mu|-
t|n+c|on+|s uc ossucm m|n+s no +|s t|+zcm su+s tccno|og|+s oc out|os +|scs c +s cm|cs+s
oc c+|t+| n+c|on+| tcm como |+t|c+ + com|+ oc +cotcs tccno|og|cos +|+ |cso|vc| ucstocs
oc ||| n+s o|vc|s+s |+scs o+ |oouio m|nc|+| |o|s cxcm|os sio mc||to||os ncssc contcxto
^ C||| nos u|t|mos +nos v|+b|||zou + |oouio c ||nc|+|mcntc o bcnc|c|+mcnto c + |+-
b||c+io oc ||g+s oc n|ob|o com |o|tc |nvcst|mcnto cm ||| |+ mcsm+ |o|m+ + V+|c +|cm oos
|nvcst|mcntos |c+||z+oos +|+ +n+||scs +o|io oo scu m|nc||o o|g+n|zou nos u|t|mos +nos um
scto| n+ cm|cs+ +|+ +o|+| c |omcnt+| +ocs oc |||
^ss|m o g|+noc ocs+o c conscgu|| |o|t+|ccc| +s +ocs oc ||| c|o scto| ||v+oo n+c|on+| c
|ntc|n+c|on+| uc +tu+ no +|s oc m+nc||+ + mu|t|||c+| + c++c|t+io |+bo|+to||+| c oc |ccu|sos
|um+nos n+ so|uio oc |ob|cm+s c n+ ocscobc|t+ oc novos c+m|n|os cm too+ + c+oc|+ |o-
out|v+ oo scto| m|nc|+|
7. Recomendaes para poltica CT&I para os prximos anos
ô|o +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc cstuoos sob|c +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s gco|og|c+s gco||s|c+s c ||-
o|ogco|og|c+s oo tc|||to||o n+c|on+| cmc|so c |mc|so
ô|o +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s +|+ csu|s+ |+v|+ bcncc|+mcnto c
t|+ns|o|m+io m|nc|+|
|o|t+|cc|mcnto oo |unoo C-||nc|+|;|C v|+b|||z+noo o +o|tc oc out|os |ccu|sos
+|cm oo c|ccntu+| o+ C|||
ô|o c |omcnto |o|m+io oc |o|ss|on+|s oc n|vc| mco|o c suc||o|
ô|o c |omcnto |coc Ccoc||onos uc +|t|cu|+ |+bo|+to||os oc +n+||scs m|nc|+|s n+s
un|vc|s|o+ocs
ô|o c |omcnto +o |o|t+|cc|mcnto |+bo|+to||+| oo c|v|o Cco|og|co oo ||+s|| (C|||)
uc tcm como m|ssio o cstuoo gco|og|co gco||s|co c ||o|ogco|og|co oo +|s
ô|o c |omcnto + o||t|c+s oc ||| +|+ +g|cg+io oc v+|o| nos |ooutos |csu|t+ntcs
oo +|ovc|t+mcnto oc bcns m|nc|+|s
ô|o c |omcnto + cstuoos c csu|s+s uc +|o|unocm o con|cc|mcnto oo +|ovc|t+-
mcnto oos bcns m|nc|+|s
C|+uo|o c||+|
,,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
ô|o c |omcnto + +ocs uc cont||bu+m +|+ + |cso|uio oc |ob|cm+s cst|utu|+|s
n+ c+oc|+ |oout|v+ oos bcns m|nc|+|s t+|s como m+x|m|z+io oo +|ovc|t+mcnto oos
|c,c|tos const|uio oc +|tc|n+t|v+s cconom|c+s +os o |cc|+mcnto o+s m|n+s +o|o +
||| |c|+t|v+s +o |cc|+mcnto o+s m|n+s cm +t|v|o+oc +o|o + o||t|c+s |c|+t|v+s s m|n+s
o||is c +b+noon+o+s +o|o oc ||| +|+ + const|uio oc mc||o|cs cono|ocs oc s+uoc
c scgu|+n+ n+ m|n+s
ô|o +os cstuoos sob|c c+oc|+s |oout|v+s oc bcns m|nc|+|s com v|st+s +g|cg+io oc
v+|o| c +o|io oc contcuoos tccno|og|cos +os bcns m|nc|+|s
|o|m+t|z+io uc |+c|||tc + c+t+io oc |ccu|sos ub||cos c ||v+oos c|+s un|vc|s|o+ocs
c ccnt|os oc csu|s+
C||+io oc um |unoo scto||+| +|+ + t|+ns|o|m+io m|nc|+| uc c + ct++ onoc c m+|o|
+ gc|+io oc cm|cgos c +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s + ,us+ntc
Parte
Hovos padres de agrlcultura
sustentavel
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|ovos +o|ocs oc +g||cu|tu|+ sustcnt+vc|
Integrao lavoura-pecuria e agrossilvopastoril
Alysson Paolinelli
O uc c + |ntcg|+io |+vou|+-ccu+||+ | + o|vc|s|c+io c |ot+io o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc +g||cu|tu|+

c oc ccu+||+ c cm cc|tos c+sos +tc s||v|cu|tu|+ ocnt|o oc um+ |o||co+oc num+ mcsm+ +|c+
num mcsmo +no const|tu|noo um mcsmo s|stcm+ cm bcnc||c|o oc +mb+s +s +t|v|o+ocs c ||n-
c|+|mcntc +|+ o |oouto| c +|+ + sustcnt+b|||o+oc oc scus |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s
O uc vcm oco||cnoo nos s|stcm+s t|+o|c|on+|s oc cx|o|+io o+s |+zcno+s Onoc c +sto scm-
|c |o| +sto c sc|+ +sto Onoc c |+vou|+ scm|c |o| |+vou|+ c sc|+ |+vou|+ u+sc scm|c |sso
|csu|t+ cm ocg|+o+io oo so|o o+s +st+gcns c o+s |+vou|+s
|o| uc |sso oco||c |o|uc os s|stcm+s t|+o|c|on+|s oc uso o+ tc||+ nio cv|t+m +s c|o+s c cxt|+-
io oos nut||cntcs c o+ |c|t|||o+oc oo so|o c|+s cu|tu|+s c +st+gcns |m um+ |+vou|+ oc m|||o
onoc sc co||cm eooo |g oc g|ios o| |cct+|c |ct||+m-sc o| +no c o| |cct+|c n+o+ mcnos
uc +,e |g oc n|t|ogcn|o .s |g oc |os|o|o ,, |g oc ot+ss|o c |o| m|||o +|+ s||+gcm onoc sc
t||+m ,. tonc|+o+s oc m+tc||+ scc+ o| |cct+|c + |ct||+o+ oc n|t|ogcn|o c oc ..| |g + oc |os|o|o
c oc ,o |g c + oc ot+ss|o c oc .;, |g cm c+o+ |cct+|c |o c+so oo +sto|c|o o||cto onoc sc t|-
|+m no|m+|mcntc ,o tonc|+o+s oc m+tc||+ scc+ o| |cct+|c c o| +no o |ob|cm+ c m+|s g|+vc
+|no+ o|s sc |ct||+m com c|c |,+ |g oc n|t|ogcn|o |, |g oc |os|o|o c eoo |g oc ot+ss|o | cm
conscucnc|+ o|sso uc tcmos + ocg|+o+io o+s +st+gcns c oo so|o
|m+ +st+gcm scm |cos|io o+s c|o+s cm t|cs ou u+t|o +nos cst+|+ cm |+sc |c+| oc ocg|+-
o+io | |mo|t+ntc uc sc o|g+ uc com os +tu+|s |cos oos |ooutos ccu+||os no|m+|mcn-
tc |oouz|oos no ||+s|| nio c oss|vc| + |cos|io o+ |c|t|||z+io o+s +st+gcns scm uc |+,+
+ Con|coc|+io |+c|on+| o+ ^g||cu|tu|+
^|ysson |+o||nc|||
,oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|c,u|zo | o| |sso uc + |ntcg|+io +|cscnt+ + su+ ||mc||+ v+nt+gcm + |c|t|||o+oc oo so|o
co|||g|o+ ou|+ntc os cu|t|vos +nu+|s |ccuc|+ +s +st+gcns c cst+s |omovcm + mc||o||+ oos so-
|os ||s|c+ c b|o|og|c+mcntc +|cm oc t|+zc| oc vo|t+ v|+ scu s|stcm+ |+o|cu|+| |o|unoo too+s +s
c|o+s uc no|m+|mcntc oco||cm n+s |+vou|+s t|+o|c|on+|s
Como su|g|u cssc s|stcm+ |ntcg|+oo oc uso oo so|o |m um t|+b+||o |c+||z+oo cm oc+nt|ns
|n|c|+|mcntc com os csu|s+oo|cs |oio | c ^|o+| uc ocscnvo|vc|+m n+ |+zcno+ |+||c||io
um s|stcm+ oc |o|m+io oc +st+gcns com o |+nt|o oc g|ios como +||oz m|||o so|go so,+ c
out|os |+nt+noo ,unto |+vou|+ no |+nt|o o||cto ou n+ cobc|tu|+ oc n|t|ogcn|o + scmcntc o+
+st+gcm Com |sso |o|m+-sc o +sto com + v+nt+gcm oc sc t||+| g|+noc +|tc oos custos com
+ co||c|t+ o+ |+vou|+ concom|t+ntc Os mcsmos csu|s+oo|cs +|no+ cm oc+nt|ns +go|+ n+
|+zcno+ +nt+ |c |zc|+m o conso|c|o oc um+ cu|tu|+ |oouto|+ oc g|ios ou s||+gcm com um+
|o||+gc||+ +|+ |oouz|| +sto | ocu cc|to io cc|to uc b+t|z+|+m os oo|s s|stcm+s |ntcg|+oos
oc |+||c||io c oc +nt+ |c |cscct|v+mcntc
^ |nt|oouio oc s||v|cu|tu|+ ncst+ |ntcg|+io tcvc scu |mu|so com o cngcn|c||o +g|onomo
|uc|+no |+g+||ics o+ Voto|+nt|m cm V+z+ntc ||n+s Cc|+|s ^|cm o+ |ntcg|+io |+vou|+ c o+
ccu+||+ co|ocou o cuc+||to cm cs++mcnto m+|o| oc novc + ocz mct|os cnt|c |+ c oc oo|s
+ t|cs mct|os n+ |+ com |csu|t+oos cxcc|cntcs +|+ tooos
|c |+ +|+ c+ v+||os csu|s+oo|cs |oss|on+|s c |oouto|cs vcm +oot+noo css+ |nov+oo|+
tccno|og|+ com um succsso c+o+ vcz m+|o| c com |csu|t+oos su||ccnocntcs |o| uc cstio
us+noo cssc s|stcm+ |+|+ |ccuc|+| ou |c|o|m+| +st+gcns ocg|+o+o+s |couz|| ocg|+o+io oo
so|o c ucb|+| c|c|o o+ monocu|tu|+ oc |+g+s c oocn+s |oouz|| +sto |o||+gcm consc|v+-
o+ c g|ios +|+ + +||mcnt+io +n|m+| n+ cst+io scc+ c +||+ +|+ o |+nt|o o||cto o|m|nu|| +
occnocnc|+ oc |nsumos cxtc|nos +umcnt+| + cst+b|||o+oc o+ |cno+ oo |oouto| c |couz|| os
custos t+nto o+ +t|v|o+oc +g||co|+ u+nto o+ ccu+||+ obtcnoo com |sso o +umcnto oo scu |c-
b+n|o bov|no o +umcnto +nu+| n+ |oouio oc g|ios |ccuc|+noo +s su+s +st+gcns ocg|+o+-
o+s com + sustcnt+b|||o+oc no uso oos scus |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c +|no+ |couz|noo + |cssio +|+ +
+bc|tu|+ oc nov+s +|c+s cmos +|no+ oc cons|oc|+| + t|cmcno+ |couio oo uso oc +g|otox|cos
o+ c|osio mc||o| +|ovc|t+mcnto oos |c|t|||z+ntcs us+oos c ||nc|+|mcntc + mc||o||+ o+ u+n-
t|o+oc c u+||o+oc o+ +gu+ Como |m+cto soc|+| no uso ocss+ tccno|og|+ tcmos + mc||o||+ o+
|cno+ x+io oo |omcm no c+mo +umcnto o+ o|c|t+ oc cm|cgos c oc +||mcntos cst|mu|o
u+||c+io |oss|on+| c mc||o||+ o+ u+||o+oc oc v|o+ no c+mo
| um+ tccno|og|+ cm cvo|uio c o| |sso mcsmo + |m|cs+ ||+s||c||+ oc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+-
||+ (|mb|++) cst+ |+zcnoo o mon|to|+mcnto oo s|stcm+ c |c+||z+noo um /eea oa. tccno|og|-
co +|+ g+|+nt|| + c||c|t+ cvo|uio oc um+ o+s m+|o|cs |nov+ocs su|g|o+s no sccu|o +ss+oo
m+s uc scm ouv|o+s v+| |cvo|uc|on+| o s|stcm+ oc m+nc,o oos nossos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s ncstcs
|ntcg|+io |+vou|+-ccu+||+ c +g|os||vo+sto|||
,o+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|ox|mos +nos c c|m|t|| uc o ||+s|| m+ntcn|+ + su+ ||oc|+n+ c comct|t|v|o+oc no +g|oncgo-
c|o no |utu|o O uso ocst+ tccno|og|+ +|cm oc um c||c|to |+nc,+mcnto cm c+o+ |o||co+oc
cx|gc um+ vc|o+oc||+ muo+n+ nos concc|tos t+nto oos |oouto|cs oc g|ios u+nto oos ccu-
+||st+s Os |csu|t+oos sio tio cv|ocntcs uc +s muo+n+s v||io
^ tccno|og|+ cm ||nc||o c mu|to s|m|cs |u o|||+ mcsmo um+ tccno|og|+ tu|n|u|m o|s
n+ |c+||o+oc c um+ +o+t+io oo |+nt|o o||cto cu,+ +||+ c o |o||o +sto com o uso oo cu|-
t|vo m|n|mo scm +|+io ou g|+o+gcm |+z-sc + co||cio oo so|o ,og+noo o co||ct|vo +|o||+oo
o| c|m+ oo +sto uc ocvc|+ tc| s|oo us+oo +tc um+ +|tu|+ oc +o + +| cm |co|s oc b|ot+oo
|+z-sc um+ +||c+io oc um+ suboos+gcm oc um scc+ntc +|o||+oo +|+ um+ +|c|+| scc+gcm
(+||+) o+ +st+gcm uc c|m+nccc|+ scc+ o| eo o|+s tcmo suc|cntc +|+ sc |+nt+| + |+-
vou|+ ocsc,+o+ com + tccno|og|+ |ccomcno+o+ c obtc|-sc ncstc cs+o oc tcmo + com|ct+
cobc|tu|+ oo so|o c o+ +||+ oo +sto scco c|+ |+nt+ csco|||o+ |co|s oc b|ot+oo o +sto
nio tc|+ |uz suc|cntc +|+ conco||c| com + cu|tu|+ |+nt+o+ |st+ +st+gcm c+ cst|o|+o+ +tc
uc + cu|tu|+ csco|||o+ com|ctc o scu c|c|o scm + |nocsc,+vc| conco||cnc|+ oo +sto Com +
scc+gcm o+s |o||+s o+ |+vou|+ no m oc scu c|c|o + |uz v+| cnct|+| no so|o c o +sto |n|c|+ o
scu novo c|c|o ocvcnoo-sc co||c| |+|o+mcntc + |+vou|+ c c|m|t|| uc o +sto +go|+ |cnov+oo
tcn|+ o scu novo c|c|o c cnt|c ,o c |, o|+s cstc,+ cm cxcc|cntcs cono|ocs suo|t+noo oc t|cs
+ c|nco un|o+ocs +n|m+|s o| |cct+|c Com |sso o |oouto| tcm cc|c+ oc c|nco mcscs oc uso
oo so|o com + |+vou|+ (m|||o +||oz so|go so,+ +|gooio ctc) c sctc mcscs com scus +stos |c-
nov+oos c cm c||c|t+s cono|ocs oc uso ^ oc|+io ooc sc| |cct|o+ +nu+|mcntc n+ mcsm+
+|c+ ou ooc-sc |og|+m+| cm su+ |o||co+oc um+ |ot+io oc +|c+ suc|cntc +|+ m+ntc| +
c||c|t+ cxcc|cnc|+ oc su+s +st+gcns g|++s |ntcg|+io com +s |+vou|+s uc csco||c|
Os |csu|t+oos vio ++|ccc| cu g+|+nto
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Relatrio da sesso Novos padres de agricultura
sustentvel
Jos Oswaldo Siqueira
1. Sobre as apresentaes
^ scssio |n|c|ou com + +|cscnt+io oo || |+o||nc||| uc |cz um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+ sob|c o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ +g||cu|tu|+ b|+s||c||+ comcnt+noo sc| cst+ un|c+ o|uc nio cx|st|+ co-
n|cc|mcnto sob|c +g||cu|tu|+ t|o|c+| u+noo |n|c|+mos o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo scto| no |n|c|o
oo sccu|o +ss+oo C|ono|og|c+mcntc mcnc|on+ uc nosso ocscnvo|v|mcnto sc |n|c|ou n+s cs-
co|+s |onc||+s oc +g|onom|+ como + |sco|+ uc||o| oc ^g||cu|tu|+ |u|z oc uc||oz (|s+|)
+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oc V|os+ (||V) c + |sco|+ uc||o| oc ^g|onom|+ oc |+v|+s (|^|)
+tu+|mcntc |||+ ocst+c+noo + cno|mc |nucnc|+ ocst+s n+ |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos
+||cntou uc |mo|t+v+mos o con|cc|mcnto c tccno|og|+s cscc|+|mcntc oos |st+oos |n|oos
o|s too+s cst+s |nst|tu|ocs so|||+m g|+nocs |nucnc|+s o+ csco|+ +mc||c+n+ c|o |+to oc scus
||nc|+|s o|||gcntcs ou |o|csso|cs ||oc|cs sc|cm o+uc|c +|s
^ coc+ o ||+s|| conccnt|+v+ scu |ntc|cssc n+s cu|tu|+s oc cxo|t+io como c+|c c+n+ c bo|-
|+c|+ uc t|n|+m +|to v+|o| oc mc|c+oo c +ss|m gc|+v+ |ccu|sos suc|cntcs +|+ |mo|t+| os
+||mcntos oc uc |cc|s+mos |+ vc|o+oc + ocm+no+ o| +||mcntos nio c|+ mu|to g|+noc o|s
+ m+|o||+ oos b|+s||c||os v|v|+ no c+mo c |oouz|+ o suc|cntc +|+ scu consumo um ccn+||o
uc muoou mu|to + +|t|| o+ occ+o+ oc +,;o
^s tc||+s oc bo+ u+||o+oc + m+|o||+ oc +|c+s ocsm+t+o+s +c+b+|+m v|c|+m +s c||scs ccono-
m|c+ c oo ct|o|co oco||cu o |n|c|o o+ |cvo|uio |noust||+| c oo cxooo |u|+| c o +|s nio oo|+
|osc Osw+|oo |uc||+
,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
m+|s cont|nu+| |mo|t+noo +||mcntos |omos |o|+oos + busc+| con|cc|mcntos |o||os c oc-
scnvo|vc| noss+ tccno|og|+ |o||+ como oc |+to zcmos c com mu|to succsso O +|s +m||ou
+s csco|+s +g||co|+s |nvcst|u n+ |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos no +|s c no cxtc||o| c ocn|u
o| um+ o||t|c+ cscc|c+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto +g||co|+ ^m||+mos nosso con|cc|mcnto
sob|c os |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c +|cnocmos + m+nc,+-|os |n|c|+noo um novo c|c|o +|+ o scto| uc
no n+| oo sccu|o +ss+oo +ssou + cn||cnt+| novos ocs+os ocnt|c os u+|s + ncccss|o+oc oc
sc |oouz|| oc mooo sustcnt+vc| o|+ntc o+s nov+s |c+||o+ocs n+c|on+| c g|ob+|
O +|cst|+ntc ocmonst|ou v+||os oos +v+nos |cccntcs no m+nc,o +g||co|+ os u+|s consc|v+m
os |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c |ntcg|+m + |oouio
|| C|cmcntc |uc|o +bo|oou + ucstio o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc no contcxto oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto
cconom|co c soc|+| co|oc+noo + |oouio +g||co|+ no ccnt|o o|nm|co o+ o|mcnsio o+ +t|v|-
o+oc +g|occu+||+ +||cntou o|sco|o+| ||ont+|mcntc oo mooc|o +tu+| uc ||o||z+ + |oouio
+|+ + cconom|+ |ntc|n+c|on+| c nio +|+ o mc|c+oo |oc+| sugc||noo uc o +c| oo cst+oo ncs-
t+ o||t|c+ oc |oouio c cu|voc+o+ c uc cst+ nio cn|+t|z+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc c s|m um+ ccono-
m|+ oc mc|c+oo uc sc most|+ cc+z +|+ c||+| ocs|gu+|o+ocs ^|cg+ uc o mooo oc |oouio
c +cumu|+io oc ||ucz+ c |ncom+t|vc| com o consumo c uc + v|sio oo mov|mcnto s|no|c+|
cm |c|+io +o +g|oncgoc|o +ss+ c|+ cucn+ |oouio c conc|u| cstc |+c|oc|n|o o|zcnoo uc
c |cc|so +bo|o+| + sustcnt+b|||o+oc cm um+ o|mcnsio soc|+| c us+| + c|cnc|+ com cstct|c+ mo-
|+| c ct|c+ oc mooo + soc|+||z+| +s tccno|og|+s c o con|cc|mcnto |n|+t|zou uc +s cst|+tcg|+s oc
|nvcst|mcnto no c+mo |cc|s+m sc| |c|t+s oc mooo + |ccuc|+| + |c|+io cnt|c o |omcm c +
n+tu|cz+ oc mooo a caa .co a oa:aea e oac acooa'a eo:oac a o.'asac ae osaoc
.co:.c ac c.essc caa:.c
|usc+| +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s uc +g|cgucm v+|o| soc|+| c um+ ncccss|o+oc u|gcntc +|+ o ||+-
s|| || C|cmcntc ocst+cou + |mo|tnc|+ oo Consc||o oo |cscnvo|v|mcnto oc|+| c cn|+t|zou
uc cm scu o|scu|so cstc consc||o ocvc oc|cnoc| a :ea .coc ao oeo sc.a' e ao'.c e ae
.aoe ac es:aac ea'a sea asc e ceaaae |o|t+nto oc|xou c|+|+ + os|io oc |ns+t|s|+io o+
|c|cscnt+io s|no|c+| u+nto +o mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto +g|o|noust||+| +oot+oo c|o +|s
c cob|ou +ocs o+ o||t|c+ ub||c+ ncstc scnt|oo
|| |uc||ocs-||||o |cz um+ +|cscnt+io bcm o||cc|on+o+ + um+ v|sio oc +g||cu|tu|+ +|+ +|cm
o+ |oouio |o||+mcntc o|t+ cn|+t|z+noo + busc+ oc |nov+ocs nos s|stcm+s oc |oouio
c novos +o|ocs oc cc|cnc|+ +||n|+oos ucstio o+s muo+n+s n+ soc|co+oc c no mc|c+oo
consum|oo| c como cst+s sc |c|+c|on+m com + sustcnt+b|||o+oc ^bo|oou ucstocs oc |utu|o
no contcxto o+ ocm+no+ oc +||mcntos c|os consum|oo|cs n+ c|+ o+ |n|o|m+io c +scctos
m+|s cscc|cos como + c|csccntc u|b+n|z+io + cst|utu|+ c os |+b|tos o+s |+m|||+s como |c-
ocu+io c|csccntc com + s+uoc ||g|cnc c mc|o +mb|cntc cst|utu|+ ct+||+ (cnvc||cc|mcnto)
|c|+to||o o+ scssio |ovos +o|ocs oc +g||cu|tu|+ sustcnt+vc|
,o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
n|vc| oc couc+io |cno+ c ctn|+s |cst+cou como cc|t+s muo+n+s como o bcm-cst+| c + s+u-
oc + scgu|+n+ oos +||mcntos o +umcnto o+ |cno+ c + c|ccio oc |ooutos (co||ctos X |nco|-
|ctos) o|gn|cos c t|+nsgcn|cos oocm |nucnc|+| n+s c+oc|+s |oout|v+s c oc comc|c|+||z+io
cx|g|noo m+|s cont|o|c t|+ns+|cnc|+ c |+st|c+b|||o+oc c |cocu+io soc|o+mb|cnt+| +scctos
uc +|cscnt+m |o|tc +oc|cnc|+ conccio m+|s +m|+ o+ |oouio sustcnt+vc|
O +|cst|+ntc t+mbcm ocst+cou + ncccss|o+oc oc +bo|o+gcm m+|s +m|+ c |ntcg|+o+ oc to-
oos os comoncntcs c |+to|cs oc |oouio c +s ocm+no+s oc um+ soc|co+oc m+|s |n|o|m+o+
uc v+|o||z+ ucstocs cst|utu|+|s como consc|v+io +mb|cnt+| m+nutcnio o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
c o|c|t+ u+||o+oc c scgu|+n+ oos +||mcntos ^|cm oo contcxto o+ |oouio sustcnt+vc| no
c+mo out|os +scctos cnvo|vcnoo os consum|oo|cs ocvc|io sc| obsc|v+oos |cv+noo-sc cm
cont+ +s tcnocnc|+s o+ v|o+ mooc|n+ como +||mcnt+io |+|o+ bcm-cst+| oo consum|oo|
convcn|cnc|+ +scctos scnso||+|s c |+zc| scm cu|+ Conc|u|u mcnc|on+noo + ncccss|o+oc oc
um+ nov+ +g||cu|tu|+ uc +||+s ,+ comcou + sc| |+t|c+o+ no ||+s|| |st+ cx|g|||+ + o|c|t+ oc
|ooutos uc +tcno+m +s cx|gcnc|+s +mb|cnt+|s soc|+|s c cconom|c+s |+|+ sc conso||o+| |cn+-
mcntc cst+ nov+ +g||cu|tu|+ occnoc|+ oc cs|o|o |ntcg|+oo o+ c|cnc|+ c o+ tccno|og|+ |o,c-
tos cm |cocs c++c|o+oc oc |omovc| |nov+io mcc+n|smos oc cooc|+io ub||co-||v+oo c
m+|s |ntcg|+io un|vc|s|o+oc-cm|cs+
2. Sesso de perguntas
|+ scssio oc c|gunt+s +|guns +scctos |ntc|css+ntcs |o|+m |cv+nt+oos como o ocsc|o|c|o oc
+gu+ n+ ||||g+io o |co m+|s +|to oos |ooutos o|gn|cos +s tccno|og|+s +tu+|s nio sio +|o-
||+o+s +|+ cucnos |oouto|cs oo+s +s c|gunt+s |o|+m +bo|o+o+s c|os con|c|cnc|st+s
|csonocnoo cm um contcxto m+|s +m|o um con,unto oc ucstocs || ^|ysson mcnc|onou
uc no govc|no || o custo o+ +||mcnt+io consum|+ m+|s oc |o/ o+ |cno+ o+s csso+s +tu-
+|mcntc cst+ ||+io c cc|c+ o+ mct+oc o uc cv|ocnc|+ + |mo|tnc|+ soc|+| oo nosso mooc|o
oc |oouio c uc +|no+ gc|+ g|+noc suc|+v|t no b+|+no oc +g+mcntos com +s cxo|t+ocs
cont||bu|noo c|ct|v+mcntc +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c + cst+b|||o+oc cconom|c+ oo +|s
|o cncc||+mcnto |+n|c| |+|+ |cz comcnt+||os sob|c o +no|+m+ o+ +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| no +|s
c ocst+cou +s o||t|c+s oo govc|no +|+ cstc scgmcnto +ont+noo m+|s |ccu|sos c |nvcst|noo
cm cst|+tcg|+s +|+ |cv+| m+|s con|cc|mcnto c |ccu|sos +os cucnos |oouto|cs
|osc Osw+|oo |uc||+
,oo
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
3. Comentrios do relator ouvinte (J. Siqueira)
|+ o|n|io ocstc |c|+to| cou cv|ocntc + ncccss|o+oc oc cs|o|os c +ocs oo govc|no +|+ cs-
t|utu|+| c v|+b|||z+| um novo +o|io oc +g||cu|tu|+ sustcnt+vc| +|+ o ||+s|| |c |+to c |ncontcs-
t+vc| o |mcnso |og|csso uc zcmos ncstc scto| o uc nos co|oc+ cm s|tu+io ||v||cg|+o+ n+
|oouio c cxo|t+io +g||co|+ c t+mbcm no contcxto o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc |cscnvo|vcmos
ou +ocu+mos tccno|og|+s cxt|cm+mcntc consc|v+oo|+s oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c cc|cntcs uc
co|oc+m + +g||cu|tu|+ b|+s||c||+ como um+ o+s m+|s vc|ocs oo |+nct+ |nt|ct+nto tcmos oc
|c+|+| nossos |ccu|sos |um+nos c noss+ csu|s+ +|+ cn|+sc +s nov+s tcnocnc|+s c|cnt|c+s
c oss|b|||o+ocs oc |nco|o|+io c +||c+io oc novos con|cc|mcntos n+ c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+
+||c+o+ +o c+mo ^|gum+s o+s tcnocnc|+s c novos con|cc|mcntos uc |cc|s+m sc| |nco|o-
|+oos c|cnc|+ +||c+o+ +o c+mo sio +|cscnt+oos + scgu||
||o|og|+ cc|u|+| c mo|ccu|+|
Ccnom|c+ c ||otcom|c+
|+noc|cnc|+ c c|cnc|+ o|g|t+|
||osscgu|+n+ c ||otc||o||smo
|+||c||+s s+n|t+||+s
^g||cu|tu|+ o|gn|c+ c +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+|
^g||cu|tu|+ oc |cc|sio
^g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ c +utom+io +g||co|+
^g||cu|tu|+ consc|v+c|on|st+
||+nt|o o||cto c |ntcg|+io |+vou|+-ccu+||+
|ntcns|c+io oo uso o+ tc||+
|m+ctos g|ob+|s c m|t|g+io
|ccu|sos ||o||cos c cnc|g|+
||oo|vc|s|o+oc c oomcst|c+io
|co|cst+mcnto com n+t|v+s
|cc|c|+gcm c o|sos|io no so|o
Cont+m|n+io oo mc|o +mb|cntc
Cc|t|c+io c u+||o+oc (g|ob+||z+io)
,o)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
o com + |nco|o|+io oc con|cc|mcntos novos c|cnc|+ o+ |oouio ooc|cmos cn||cnt+| os
ocs+os uc + +g||cu|tu|+ muno|+| c cm +|t|cu|+| + b|+s||c||+ tcm + cn||cnt+| Os ocs+os uc tc-
mos c|+ ||cntc sio mu|tos c oc n+tu|cz+ v+||+vc| cnvo|vcnoo ucstocs tccn|c+s oc m+|co |cgu|+-
to||o c cont|o|c oc mc|c+oo n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+| c oc c+|+tc| soc|+| como +|cscnt+oos +b+|xo
||m|t+io o+s tc||+s c con|tos c|+ ossc
|cscnvo|v|mcnto |u|+| ocscu|||b|+oo
^gu+ c |os|+tos |nsuc|cntcs (c||+io o+ O||C oo |)
|vo|uio o+s +tu+|s |+g+s c oocn+s
|ov+s |+g+s c oocn+s v|g||nc|+ s+n|t+||+ c cont|o|c oc |+g+s
Os bcnc||c|os c ||scos o+ b|otccno|og|+
|m+cto o+s muo+n+s c||m+t|c+s c c|o+s n+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
|stcm+s oc |oouio c cu|t|vos t|+nsgcn|cos
^s nov+s ||ontc||+s +g||co|+s |m+ctos c ||m|tcs
||vc|s|c+io c +m||+io o+ b+sc oc |oouio
|c|c+oo c t|+t+oos |ntc|n+c|on+|s
|cgu|+mcnt+io c +o|ocs (cc|t|c+io)
|||c|tos oc |o||co+oc |ntc|cctu+|
|xtcnsio oos |m+ctos c |/e C,.'e ^ssessoeo:
||t|g+io oos |m+ctos o+ +g|occu+||+ mcc+n|smos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto ||mo
|cnt+b|||o+oc c cno|v|o+mcnto oo scto| +g|occu+||o
|ccnocnc|+ cxtc|n+ cm |nsumos c tccno|og|+
|mos|ocs o+ |cg|s|+io +mb|cnt+| |cst||t|v+s
|cnt|c os ocs+os oc o|ocm soc|+| uc|o ocst+c+| + s|tu+io oc um +|s oc voc+io +g||co|+
||sto||c+ m+s uc tcm um g|+noc +ss|vo soc|+| no c+mo c um+ soc|co+oc cxt|cm+mcntc u|-
b+n|z+o+ |m oucos +nos mcnos oc +o/ oos b|+s||c||os cst+|io v|vcnoo no c+mo |sto tcm v+-
||+s |+zocs ocnt|c +s u+|s + |+|t+ oc +tcnio +os cucnos |oouto|cs o +cc|c|+oo |occsso oc
|nov+io o |nccnt|vo |noust||+||z+io + |cg|s|+io t|+b+|||st+ |n+ocu+o+ +|+ o c+mo o uc
|+vo|ccc + mcc+n|z+io |c|ccc ocst+uc cscc|+| o +n+||+bct|smo no c+mo uc +t|ngc so/
o+ ou|+io |u|+| cmos um ocscnvo|v|mcnto |u|+| mu|to ocscu|||b|+oo c |cc|s+mos |no-
v+| cm mooc|os oc |oouio c ocscnvo|v|mcnto uc sc,+m mcnos cxc|uocntcs +os cucnos
|osc Osw+|oo |uc||+
,os
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|oouto|cs | csscnc|+| g+|+nt|| +o|tc |ntc|cctu+| c tccno|og|co c ocn|io oc o||t|c+ +ocu+o+
+o com|cxo +g|o|noust||+| b|+s||c||o +|+ uc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+oo sc,+ +|c+n+oo n+
o|mcnsio tccn|c+ cconom|c+ soc|+| c +mb|cnt+|
||oouz|| oc mooo sustcnt+vc| c um g|+noc ocs+o o|s os ||m|tcs |no|ccs c +o|ocs oc sustcn-
t+b|||o+oc sio o|||cc|s oc sc|cm cst+bc|cc|oos c so||cm g|+noc |nucnc|+ o+ m|o|+ c oc um+ so-
c|co+oc u|b+n|z+o+ mu|to cx|gcntc uc nio cntcnoc + com|cx|o+oc oos +g|oss|stcm+s c nio
v+|o||z+ + +t|v|o+oc +g||co|+ |st+ s|tu+io cx|gc + |cv|t+||z+io o+ csu|s+ +g||co|+ uc ocvc sc|
cst|utu|+o+ cm um+ v|sio |o||st|c+ c |ntc|o|sc|||n+| c uc +bo|oc oc mooo m+|s cn|+t|co c |n-
tcg|+oo +) uso |+c|on+| oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s (so|o +gu+ c b|oo|vc|s|o+oc) uc ocvcm sc| cx|o-
|+oos oc mooo + m|n|m|z+| +s c|o+s o+ c++c|o+oc |oout|v+ o| c|osio s+||n|z+io cx+ustio
nut||c|on+| cont+m|n+io c |n|cst+io com |+g+s b) |otcio o+ b|ocs|c|+ com cn|+sc no u-
xo ||o||co c oc nut||cntcs c n+ |couio n+ cm|ssio oc g+scs c) u+||o+oc scgu|+n+ c +o|ocs
comc|c|+|s oos |ooutos +g||co|+s o) +scctos ct|cos cstct|cos cconom|cos c cu|o+oc soc|+|
||cc|s+mos c||+| comctcnc|+ +|+ +||c+| nov+s |c||+mcnt+s n+ +v+||+io o+ cc|cnc|+ oc uso oos
|+to|cs oc |oouio cscc|+|mcntc o+uc|cs csc+ssos ou onc|osos como tc||+ +gu+ nut||cntcs
n+ c|+m+o+ cconom|+ o+ |oouio c +|+ +v+||+| o otcnc|+| oc |m+cto +mb|cnt+| o+ c+oc|+
|oout|v+ c |ooutos o| mc|o oo |||c Cyc|c ^sscssmcnt uc c|m|t||+ +n+||scs com+|+t|v+s o+
sustcnt+b|||o+oc oos s|stcm+s b|+s||c||os oc |oouio cm |c|+io +os +|scs comct|oo|cs oo ||+s||
|o contcxto o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc ocvc-sc |cv+| cm cont+ o +c| oo ||+s|| n+ |oouio c cxo|-
t+io oc +||mcntos +|+ o munoo um |+to |ncontcst+vc| u+noo sc cons|oc|+ uc somos o tc|-
cc||o m+|o| cxo|t+oo| +g||co|+ oo munoo com oss|b|||o+ocs oc +ssum|| cm b|cvc + ||oc|+n+
n+ cxo|t+io +g||co|+ |+|+ |sso |cc|s+mos cont|nu+| n+ v+ngu+|o+ o+ gc|+io c +||c+io oo
con|cc|mcnto +o c+mo
|+|+ +tcnoc| + ocm+no+ c|csccntc o+ ou|+io + |oouio +g||co|+ muno|+| |cc|s+|+ +umcn-
t+| cm cc|c+ oc +oo/ cm |c|+io +o n|vc| +tu+| c scgunoo + |Ô c|o mcnos ;o/ ocstc +umcn-
to ocvc|+ |csu|t+| oc g+n|os oc cc|cnc|+ oos s|stcm+s |oout|vos o|s +s oo|tun|o+ocs oc cx-
+nsio ,+ csb+||+m nos ||m|tcs o+ o|son|b|||o+oc oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s como tc||+ +g||cu|t+vc|
+gu+ c |csc|v+s oc nut||cntcs como |os|+tos uc oocm sc csgot+| +ntcs uc +s oc ct|o|co
+mbcm um+ |cg|s|+io +mb|cnt+| c+o+ vcz m+|s |cst||t|v+ |moc sc||os ||m|tcs cxtcnsio o+
+g||cu|tu|+ como sc vc||c+ no c+so oo ||+s||
^ n|tuoc oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c out|o +sccto csscnc|+| n+ +bo|o+gcm o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc O
numc|o c|csccntc oc csso+s uc ocm+no+m +||mcntos |+b|t+io mo|+o|+ c sc|v|os cco|og|-
cos + |cst||io tc|||to||+| c os ||m|tcs oc novos +|mct|os +mb|cnt+|s |c|cscnt+m |+to|cs uc
com|omctcm + sustcnt+b|||o+oc +g||co|+ oo |+nct+ c cc|t+mcntc o+ +g||cu|tu|+ b|+s||c||+ |st+
,o,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
ucstio mc|cccu + +tcnio o+ || |oy+| oc|cty uc coo|ocnou um+ sc||c oc cstuoos uc cu|-
m|n+|+m n+ ub||c+io oo |c|+to||o |c+|ng t|c |cncts uc +bo|o+ + g|+v|o+oc o+ s|tu+io o+
scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| no munoo c |ooc +ocs +|+ cont|nu+| +umcnt+noo + |oouio com o
m|n|mo oc |m+ctos ncg+t|vos +o mc|o +mb|cntc c +o |omcm
|m+ ocst+s |oos|ocs c o uc +uto|cs c|+m+|+m oc ust+|n+b|c |ntcns|c+t|on uc c um+
+bo|o+gcm nov+ uc cons|stc cm m+|o| |ntcg|+io oo con|cc|mcnto cm c|cnc|+s b|o|og|c+s
+os s|stcm+s oc |oouio +|+ to|n+| +s cu|tu|+s m+|s |cs|stcntcs s |+g+s c +os cst|csscs +m-
b|cnt+|s |omovc| |oouio cons|stcntc c com m+|o| |mut oc |+to|cs |cnov+vc|s cv|t+| o cs-
got+mcnto oos m|nc|+|s oo so|o c+us+| mcno| |m+cto sob|c + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc c sob|c o c+|t+|
n+tu|+| +o mcsmo tcmo cm uc |otcgc os sc|v|os oos ccoss|stcm+s |+t+-sc +ss|m oc um+
+g||cu|tu|+ |ntcns|v+ m+s uc |csc|t+ os ||m|tcs n+tu|+|s c cco|og|cos oc c+o+ ccoss|stcm+ O
||+s|| c um m+,o| |+yc| no mc|c+oo +g||co|+ g|ob+| c cmbo|+ o +|s o|son|+ oc g|+noc com-
ctcnc|+ c|cnt||c+ tccno|og|c+ c gc|cnc|+| scu u,+ntc +g|oncgoc|o cn||cnt+ um+ sc||c oc ocs+-
|os os u+|s |o|+m ,+ ||st+oos
|o uc sc |c|c|c sustcnt+b|||o+oc c |cc|so cncont|+| so|uocs u|gcntcs +|+ +|gum+s vu|nc|+b|||-
o+ocs uc com|omctcm + +g||cu|tu|+ b|+s||c||+ como + b+|x+ |cnt+b|||o+oc c o g|+u oc cno|v|o+-
mcnto oo scto| +g||co|+ + |nscgu|+n+ ,u||o|c+ cm |c|+io |cg|s|+io +mb|cnt+| os mov|mcntos
o||t|cos |nv+so|cs oc |o||co+ocs +g||co|+s +|s +|o|+ c + c|cv+o+ occnocnc|+ cm |nsumos m+-
nu|+tu|+oos como |c|t|||z+ntcs c oc|cns|vos cu,o mc|c+oo c oom|n+oo o| o||goo||os t|+nsn+c|o-
n+|s +mbcm como o scto| +g||co|+ c |csons+vc| o| u+sc um tc|o oo ||| n+c|on+| c o| m+|s
oc | b|||ocs o| +no cm suc|+v|t o+s cxo|t+ocs + so||ocz o+ m+c|occonom|+ occnoc
m+|c+o+mcntc ocstc scto| uc tcnoo u+|uc| s|n+| oc |nsustcnt+b|||o+oc gc|+ |nst+b|||o+oc cco-
nom|c+ +|+ o +|s c o co|oc+ sob g|+noc ||sco |o|t+nto + busc+ cont|nu+ o+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc o+
|oouio +g||co|+ n+c|on+| s|gn|c+ busc+| sustcnt+b|||o+oc cconom|c+ c soc|+| +|+ o +|s
Parte
Slstemas urbanos
e reglonals sustentavels
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|stcm+s u|b+nos c |cg|on+|s sustcnt+vc|s
Cincia, tecnologia e inovao e a dimenso
territorial do desenvolvimento no Brasil
Antonio Carlos F. Galvo
^ ||sto||+ oo sccu|o +ss+oo c |oo|g+ oc cxcm|os cm uc + cconom|+ b|+s||c||+ cstcvc |cs-

tcs + |omc| + |og|c+ oo subocscnvo|v|mcnto m+s tcvc o |occsso sust+oo |x|o|+mos tooos
os c|c|os oc c|co|to m+s tc|m|n+mos cnc|||+oos c|o cno|v|o+mcnto |nc++zcs uc |omos oc
gcst+| +s cono|ocs oc s+|o+ oo c||cu|o v|c|oso o+ ob|cz+ ^ |cm|ss+ oc uc c|csc|mcnto nio c
ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocb+tc |+ mu|to vcnc|oo n+s s+|+s oc +u|+ oc |conom|+ c o| cc|to v+||o+
+|+ o c+so b|+s||c||o
ô |ongo oc too+ su+ t|+,cto||+ |nvc,+vc| oc c|csc|mcnto no sccu|o XX o ||+s|| oc+|ou-sc com
o |ob|cm+ o+s ocs|gu+|o+ocs soc|+|s c |cg|on+|s |os c|c|os o|nm|cos +s ocs|gu+|o+ocs |cou-
z|+m o |m+cto oo +umcnto o+ |oout|v|o+oc sob|c +s cst|utu|+s oc |oouio c |mco|+m +
cxtcnsio oos +o|ocs oc consumo + too+s +s c+m+o+s o+ ou|+io |o| css+ v|+ cstc||||z+|+m-
sc +s oss|b|||o+ocs oc sustcnt+io oos |mu|sos oc||v+oos oo nosso c|csc|mcnto cconom|co
|o,c +|cnocmos + nio |cct|| css+ cxc||cnc|+
|o ||+s|| +s ocs|gu+|o+ocs soc|+|s oc v+||os m+t|zcs +|no+ +|c+n+m n|vc|s +|+|m+ntcs |o |+no
csso+| o |no|cc oc C|n| oc o,,. (.oo,) co|oc+-nos so ouco ||cntc oos +|scs m+|s ocs|gu+|s
oo munoo |+ + o|stnc|+ oc m+|s oc o|to vczcs uc sc+|+ os |ooutos |ntc|nos b|utos o| |+b|-
t+ntc (.oo;) o+ un|o+oc o+ |coc|+io m+|s +b+st+o+ (o ||st||to |coc|+|) c o+ m+|s ob|c (o ||+u|)
o+ cont+ oc out|+ |mo|t+ntc o|mcnsio oo |ob|cm+ + tc|||to||+|
^s ocs|gu+|o+ocs v+|o||z+m o s|gn|c+oo oo tc|||to||o como um+ |c|c|cnc|+ |nsubst|tu|vc| n+ |o|-
mu|+io c conouio o+s o||t|c+s ub||c+s | o tc|||to||o cngcno|+ +s cono|ocs mc||o|cs ou
+ |||cto| oo Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||)
^nton|o C+||os | C+|vio
,)
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|o|cs +|+ uc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sc m+n||cstc cm su+s mu|t||+s o|mcnsocs c |o|m+s |io c
o tc|||to||o uc o| s| o+ |cno contcuoo +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto |+s c|c c cm s| mcsmo +|tc
|ntcg|+ntc ocss+ const|uio soc|+| uc tcm no mc|o u|b+no scu cs+o v|t+|
omos mu|to m+| o|st||bu|oos no tc|||to||o n+c|on+| ^ o|g+n|z+io tc|||to||+| o+ soc|co+oc b|+-
s||c||+ c cm g|+noc mco|o+ |||+c|on+| o|s g|+nocs conccnt|+ocs |um+n+s cm mcg+|oo|cs
com o|c|t+ oc sc|v|os sost|c+oos cont|+st+m com v+st+s +|c+s onoc nio |+ +t|v|o+oc ccono-
m|c+ ncm scuc| o|c|t+ m|n|m+ oc sc|v|os csscnc|+|s ou|+io Ocu+mos cxtcns|v+ c c|-
ou|+||+mcntc g|+nocs |cg|ocs oo |ntc||o| oo +|s ocv+st+noo |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c ocg|+o+noo o
mc|o +mb|cntc |o cnt+nto |,/ o+ ou|+io v|vcm num+ cst|c|t+ |+|x+ oc +tc ,o |m oo ||to|+|
^s o||c|cn+s n+s oot+ocs oc |n||+cst|utu|+ t+mbcm sio cno|mcs cnu+nto um c|o+oio uc
mo|+ cm C+m|n+s;io |+u|o tcm su+ o|sos|io v+||+s |ooov|+s +|tc|n+t|v+s +|+ scu ocs|o-
c+mcnto s c|o+ocs c |cg|ocs v|z|n|+s um |+b|t+ntc oc um+ c+|t+| oos cst+oos oo |o|tc ou
|o|ocstc tcm u+noo mu|to um+ ou ou+s +|tc|n+t|v+s mu|t+s vczcs cm cono|ocs |cc+||+s
^s concxocs com + |ntc|nct out|o cxcm|o nio +|c+n+m + |cg|io |o|tc n+ vc|oc|o+oc com
uc oc|+m n+ m+|o||+ o+s ocm+|s |cg|ocs oo +|s
|o uc |csc|t+ c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io +s o||c|cn+s tcnocm + sc| +|no+ m+|s cx|cs-
s|v+s |c|o|+noo +s ocs|gu+|o+ocs soc|occonom|c+s ^ |cg|io |o|tc +|no+ cont+ com mcnos
oc ./ oos oouto|cs o|son|vc|s no ||+s|| c ossu| |c|+t|v+mcntc +|gum+s ouc+s |nst|tu|ocs oc
csu|s+ oc uc sio cxcm|os +s noto||+s cxccocs oo |uscu |m|||o Coc|o| (|c|cm oo |+|+) ou
oo |nst|tuto oc |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+s o+ ^m+zon|+ (|+n+us)
^s cst+t|st|c+s co||obo|+m + cno|mc ||oc|+n+ o+ |cg|io uocstc +|t|cu|+|mcntc oo cst+oo
oc io |+u|o O cst+oo |o|mou oos oouto|cs oo +|s cnt|c c c + |n|vc|s|o+oc
oc io |+u|o (||) soz|n|+ |m o cst+oo +|no+ conccnt|+v+ oos |og|+m+s oc
oouto|+oo cx|stcntcs cmbo|+ vcn|+ c|ocnoo os|io |c|+t|v+ cm ||tmo +cc|c|+oo |m tooo o
+|s m+|s oc ,o/ o+s cm|cs+s |noust||+|s uc occ|+|+|+m tc| |c+||z+oo +t|v|o+ocs |ntc|n+s oc
|| cnt|c .oo, c .oo, |oc+||z+v+m-sc no cst+oo oc io |+u|o Out|os nuc|cos oo uocstc c oc
out|+s |cg|ocs oo +|s +|cscnt+m b+sc tccn|co-c|cnt|c+ oc cc|t+ cx|cssio m+s + conccnt|+-
io ocss+s +t|v|o+ocs cscc|+|mcntc u+noo busc+mos nos +|ox|m+| o+s ucstocs +ssoc|+o+s
|nov+io c mu|to g|+noc
|+o+ + |mo|tnc|+ o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c+o+ vcz m+|s +t|c|+oo +o
con|cc|mcnto c c++c|o+oc oc +|cno|z+gcm os con,untos soc|otc|||to||+|s m+|s bcm |c+-
|+oos ncssc c+mo tcm m+|s c|+ncc oc +|c+n+| succsso cconom|co c +umcnt+| + u+||o+oc oc
v|o+ oc su+ ou|+io c| c++z oc +tu+| com ocscnvo|tu|+ n+ C| c um+ cono|io ncccss+||+
+|+ |og|+| bons |csu|t+oos no tc||cno o+ comct|io g|ob+|
C|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io c + o|mcnsio tc|||to||+| oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto no ||+s||
,),
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
|m +|s como o ||+s|| |cocu+oo com + suc|+io o+s ocs|gu+|o+ocs nio ooc sc| |u|t+| +
t|+t+| ob,ct|v+mcntc o+s o||c|cn+s oc oo|tun|o+oc uc +s |cg|ocs +|cscnt+m + +|t|| oc su+s
o|st|nt+s c++c|o+ocs tccn|co-c|cnt|c+s uc|+| cssc u+o|o oc ocsn|vc|s c t+mbcm um+ con-
o|io +|+ const|u|| um+ n+io mu|t|o|+| m+|s cun|mc c cu|||b|+o+ | |sso |c|o|+ + o||cn-
t+io oc +o|+| com o||t|c+s ub||c+s +t|v+s + |o|m+io oc comctcnc|+s cm +|guns nuc|cos
u|b+nos oo +|s |+ t|cs |+zocs ||nc|+|s c|+s u+|s sc ocvc |cv+| cm cont+ o tc|||to||o n+s o|-
vc|s+s |n|c|+t|v+s oc o||t|c+ ub||c+ +) cn||cnt+mcnto o+s ocs|gu+|o+ocs soc|+|s c |cg|on+|s .)
+t|v+io oos otcnc|+|s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+s |cg|ocs c ,) s+t|s|+io oos |cu|s|tos oo ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|
^ cssc |csc|to o govc|no +tu+| ocu +ssos |mo|t+ntcs |ctomou + o||t|c+ u|b+n+ com +
c||+io oo ||n|stc||o o+s C|o+ocs |ccuc|ou cs+os +|+ um+ o||t|c+ |cg|on+| |||o||zou +
|couio o+s ocs|gu+|o+ocs c + |nc|usio soc|+| +v+n+noo t+mbcm no o|+|ogo |coc|+t|vo c com
o|vc|sos g|uos soc|+|s ô |omovc| |n|c|+t|v+s sub-|cg|on+|s c |oc+|s +b||u c|scct|v+s oc cx-
|o|+| +s v||tuocs o+s |ntc|+ocs m+|s |ox|m+s cnt|c os +to|cs soc|+|s m+|s |+vo|+vc|s t|oc+ oc
con|cc|mcntos ^ |nov+io cx|gc cont+to o||cto |+cc + |+cc oc scus +gcntcs to|n+noo +t|+cn-
tcs os +mb|cntcs uc o|c|cccm mc||o|cs cono|ocs +|+ |sso
| + +|t|| o+s c|o+ocs uc sc com+no+ o tc|||to||o c nc|+s sc |c|oouzcm os c|cmcntos ncccs-
s+||os +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto | |+ uc sc con|o|m+m os +mb|cntcs |+vo|+vc|s |nov+io |o| |sso
+ +bo|o+gcm oc s|stcm+s tc|||to||+|s |cuc| |ntcg|+| os c+mos oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto u|b+no c
|cg|on+| c +ss|m +umcnt+| + |ntc||gcnc|+ com uc ||o+mos com o tc|||to||o O t|+o|c|on+| |+nc-
,+mcnto tc|||to||+| sc |cc||+ n+ |oc|+ oc s|stcm+s |cg|on+|s c u|b+nos sustcnt+vc|s m+s com b+-
scs |cnov+o+s c|os +tu+|s ocs+os soc|+|s cconom|cos c +mb|cnt+|s ^ C| ooc cont||bu||
occ|o|o+mcntc +|+ |sso oc ou+s m+nc||+s sc,+ c||+noo |nst|umcntos c mc|os oc +c||c|o+| +s
o||t|c+s c |+t|c+s oc gcstio sc,+ conccbcnoo |nov+ocs c++zcs oc moo|c+| o cst+oo o+ +|tc
oc tccno|og|+s c out|os cono|c|on+ntcs oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto
O cxcm|o o+ +ccss|b|||o+oc |mo|t+ntc t+nto no |+no |nt|+u|b+no como no |ntc|u|b+no +,u-
o+ + csc|+|ccc| o s|gn|c+oo o+ cont||bu|io o+ C|
|o ||mc||o mb|to os s|stcm+s oc t|+nso|tc ub||co co|ct|vo |cc|s+m g+n|+| cs+o |+|o+-
mcntc sob cn+ oc cn||cnt+|mos um co|+so oos ||nc|+|s ccnt|os u|b+nos o|s nio c m+|s
v|+vc| scgu|| |nuno+noo +s v|+s oc vc|cu|os uc cs+m m+|s oc um+ tonc|+o+ c t|+nso|t+m mu|-
t+s vczcs um un|co c|o+oio oc ,o |g Cc|t+mcntc |ccns+| + |og|c+ oc const|tu|io o+ c|o+oc
|cuc| um+ |cvo|uio nos mc|os oc t|+nso|tcs com cx+nsio oc cc|tos moo+|s uc cst|mu|c
+ c||cu|+io +g|| oos c|o+oios cm su+ v|o+ uot|o|+n+ |nvo|vc t+mbcm |cgu|+| os n|vc|s oc cm|s-
sio oc g+scs c|os vc|cu|os c const|u|| vc|cu|os m+|s cc|cntcs c mcnos o|u|oo|cs
^nton|o C+||os | C+|vio
,)o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
^ mcsm+ occ|cnc|+ n+ +ccss|b|||o+oc u|b+n+ sc t|+nsoc +|+ o mb|to |cg|on+| ocsnuo+noo
o||c|cn+s tc|||to||+|s g||t+ntcs +ssoc|+o+s ocb|||o+oc o+s |n||+cst|utu|+s oc t|+nso|tc ^s ||g+-
ocs cnt|c c|o+ocs |ov|o+s o| mooc|nos mc|os oc t|+nso|tc como os t|cns +uto-cst|+o+s
ou +v|+io +c|c+ |cg|on+| sio |+t|c+mcntc |ncx|stcntcs |o|+ oo nuc|co m+|s o|nm|co o+ cco-
nom|+ oo +|s |ncx|stcm +|| cm csc+|+ m|n|m+ com+t|vc| t|+nso|tcs |c||ov|+||os | + |coc oc
t|+nso|tc +c|co |cg|on+| c |n+c|co|t+vc|mcntc |couz|o+ +|+ um +|s oc o|mcnsocs cont|ncn-
t+|s |csmo +s ||g+ocs |ooov|+||+s |cst+m sc|v|os oc b+|x+ u+||o+oc c os t|+,ctos sio cm su+
m+|o||+ o|c|t+oos cm s|tu+io u+sc monoo||c+ com t+|||+s cxo|b|t+ntcs t+|vcz n+s+ +| o
+tu+| +v+no o+ ocm+no+ o| t|+nso|tc +c|co
^ cst|utu|+io oc s|stcm+s |cg|on+|s c u|b+nos sustcnt+vc|s cob|+ ocss+ |o|m+ +ocs m+|s o||c-
t+s c |mco|+t+s o+ C| ^|gum+s o+s sugcstocs sio +s scgu|ntcs
+ ^m||+| c |o|t+|ccc| |n|c|+t|v+s c mov|mcntos oc |ntc||o||z+io o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ tccn|co-
c|cnt|c+ (un|vc|s|o+ocs ||| |nst|tutos oc csu|s+ c out|os) bcm como cst|mu|+| o
|ntc|c+mb|o oc u+o|os tccn|co-c|cnt|cos c|o tc|||to||o
. |o|t+|ccc| os cu|sos oc |+nc,+mcnto u|b+no c |cg|on+| c|cnc|+s +mb|cnt+|s c out|os +s-
scmc||+oos uc o|+|og+m com +s ucstocs tc|||to||+|s |sso sc|+ cscc|+|mcntc |c|cv+ntc
+|+ sc +v+n+| n+ |o|m+io oc u+o|os |c+|+oos
, Conccbc| c oc|+| um |unoo oc +o|o + |m|cmcnt+io oc csu|s+s c |n|c|+t|v+s oc
+gcno+s |cg|on+|s oc C| vo|t+o+s |couio o+s ocs|gu+|o+ocs +t|v+io oos otcn-
c|+|s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c +o +t|oc|n|o oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+s |cg|ocs
| ||ovc| |c||+mcnt+s +ocu+o+s oc |+nc,+mcnto c gcstio como n+ o|g+n|z+io c ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto oc s|stcm+s gco||c|c|cnc|+oos oc |n|o|m+io c++zcs oc |ovc| o+oos cm
tcmo |c+| +|+ + soc|co+oc c cm cscc|+| os tom+oo|cs oc occ|sio
, |cscnvo|vc| b+scs concc|tu+|s mctooos c tccn|c+s oc +|c||io o+s ocs|gu+|o+ocs bcm
como +o|+| + ocn|io oc +|mct|os c |c|c|cnc|+s +|+ +s |n|c|+t|v+s oc o||t|c+ c + |c-
gu|+io o+s +ocs soc|+|s ||v+o+s
|cscnvo|vc| mooc|os o|g+n|z+c|on+|s +|+ + cst|utu|+io c conouio oc nuc|cos oc |n-
tc||gcnc|+ vo|t+oos gcstio oos s|stcm+s com b+sc n+ cooc|+io |coc|+t|v+ c no mo-
n|to|+mcnto const+ntc o+s t|+ns|o|m+ocs
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Cllio Campolina Diniz
1. Fundamentos conceituais e histricos

O |occsso oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c o| n+tu|cz+ ocscu|||b|+oo no tc|||to||o como cst+ ||sto||-
c+mcntc com|ov+oo c como +tcst+m os c|+ss|cos o+ cconom|+ |cg|on+| c o+ tco||+ oo ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto cconom|co (||||O|X +,e; |||C||^| +,,s C||^| +,,o) |ss+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s
oo |occsso oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto occo||cm oos +t||butos uc c+o+ tc|||to||o contcm (||sto||-
cos n+tu|+|s |um+nos |nst|tuc|on+|s ctc) c o+ c++c|o+oc oc |nov+io oc scus +gcntcs ^ss|m
+|cm oos +t||butos oo tc|||to||o +s v+nt+gcns uc um +|s |cg|io ou |oc+||o+oc +ou||cm cstio
|c|+c|on+o+s su+ c++c|o+oc oc +|cno|z+oo c |nov+io cm |unio o+ |o|m+ uc |ntc|+gcm
csu|s+ cxc||cnc|+ |+t|c+ c +io ^ |ut+ comct|t|v+ c o |occsso oc |nov+io |nc|cntc +b|cm
,+nc|+s oc oo|tun|o+oc uc sio t+mbcm ,+nc|+s |oc+c|on+|s o|s o |occsso oc +|cno|z+oo
c +|t+mcntc |oc+||z+oo (||||z ^|O c C|OCCO .ooe)
|c|+ ||sto||+ oc su+ ocu+io c o| su+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s n+tu|+|s o ||+s|| +|cscnt+ um+ |o|tc oc-
s|gu+|o+oc n+ |o|m+ cm uc cst+ o|st||bu|o+ + ou|+io + |n||+cst|utu|+ + |oouio c + |coc
u|b+n+ cm scu tc|||to||o Como conscucnc|+ + ou|+io cst+ |coom|n+ntcmcntc n+ g|+n-
oc |+|x+ ||to|nc+ com um+ m+|o| cnct|+io n+ c|+m+o+ |cg|io ccnt|o-su| uc co|nc|oc com
+ |coc o+s m+|o|cs c|o+ocs c t+mbcm o+ |oouio |noust||+| |ss+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s oocm sc|
s|ntct|z+o+s c|+ v|su+||z+io oo |++ + o+ |coc u|b+n+ com m+|s oc ,o m|| csso+s scgunoo
+ ||o|csso| o+ |||C;Ccoc|+|
C|c||o C+mo||n+ ||n|z
,)s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
+ Cont+gcm |ou|+c|on+| oc .oo; c uc tcm |o|tc s|m||+||o+oc com o m++ o+ o|st||bu|io o+s
+|c+s |noust||+|s com m+|s oc ,ooo cm|cgos
5 milhes a 10,4 milhes (2)
1 milho 2,9 milhes (12)
500 mil a 1 milho (22)
100 mil a 500 mil (191)
50 mil a 100 mil (218)
0 100
km
2.000
Intervalos populacionais
|lgura +. |coc u|b+n+ com m+|s oc ,o m|| csso+s cm .oo;
^ +|t|| o+ scguno+ mct+oc oo sccu|o XX cm |unio o+ muo+n+ o+ c+|t+| +|+ ||+s|||+ o+
o||cnt+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo s|stcm+ oc t|+nso|tcs |ooov|+||o o+ |nco|o|+io |oout|v+
oos cc||+oos c + conscucntc cx+nsio o+ ||ontc||+ +g||co|+ oos |o,ctos oc ||||g+io o+s nov+s
|ov|nc|+s m|nc|+|s o+s nov+s us|n+s ||o|c|ct||c+s o+ cx+nsio c o+s nov+s tccno|og|+s oc tc|c-
comun|c+ocs oos |nccnt|vos sc+|s c oos |occssos m|g|+to||os vcm oco||cnoo um |occsso
oc |o|tc u|b+n|z+io c oc cx+nsio o+ |oouio cm um+ +m|+ |+|x+ oo tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o
|ssc |occsso nio |o| c++z no cnt+nto oc ||c+| + mcg+ conccnt|+io u|b+n+ cm g|+nocs mc-
t|oo|cs |c|o|+noo +|gum+s o+s ,+ cx|stcntcs c c||+noo out|+s + cxcm|o oc ||+s|||+ Co|n|+
|c|cm c |+n+us cgunoo + Cont+gcm |ou|+c|on+| oc .oo; |+v|+ no ||+s|| .o +g|omc|+ocs
u|b+n+s com m+|s oc + m|||io oc |+b|t+ntcs c+o+ ||oc|+o+s c|+ ||| com u+sc .o m|||ocs
c sc cons|oc|+o+ + |cg|io oc comut+io o|+||+ oc g|+nocs cont|ngcntcs ou|+c|on+|s o| v|+
tc||cst|c ooc|+ +|c+n+| m|||ocs oc |+b|t+ntcs
ô |+oo o+ |o|tc conccnt|+io u|b+n+ c o+ mct|oo||z+io uc t|+zcm g|+vcs |ob|cm+s +mb|cn-
t+|s + cx+nsio |oout|v+ vcm +m||+noo + +nt|o|z+io oo +|s com ocst|u|io o+ o|+ c o+
|+un+ com |o|tcs c|c|tos sob|c o so|o os |ccu|sos ||o||cos +s cono|ocs c||m+t|c+s c +tmos|c||c+s
,),
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
^ |uz ocss+s cono|ocs c tcnocnc|+s c+bc |ccns+| o +o|io oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo +|s oc
|o|m+ + comb|n+| os bcnc||c|os oo c|csc|mcnto com + sustcnt+b|||o+oc c com um mc||o| o|-
ocn+mcnto oc scu tc|||to||o |css+ c|scct|v+ cntcnoc-sc uc os s|stcm+s u|b+nos c |cg|on+|s
|cc|s+m sc| t|+t+oos cm um+ c|scct|v+ oc |nov+io c sustcnt+b|||o+oc
2. A busca de caminhos para a construo de um sistema
urbano e regional sustentvel
^s c|o+ocs c + |n||+cst|utu|+ oc +ccss|b|||o+oc ||nc|+|mcntc o s|stcm+ oc t|+nso|tcs cst|u-
tu|+m c com+no+m o con,unto oo tc|||to||o |ss+ c|scct|v+ |o| o||g|n+|mcntc ocscnvo|v|o+
o| C||st+||c| () +o |ocu|+| oc|n|| +s |c|s gc|+|s uc cx||c+m como sc |o|m+ + |coc oc
c|o+ocs o| mc|o oo cntcno|mcnto oo numc|o oo t+m+n|o c o+ o|st||bu|io ocst+s |cscnvo|-
vcu o concc|to oc |ug+| ccnt|+| ocmonst|+noo uc c|+ ncccss|o+oc oc os +gcntcs (csso+s
c o|g+n|z+ocs |oout|v+s) |ntc|+g||cm c|cs sc |oc+||z+m oc |o|m+ ccnt|+||z+o+ o+noo o||gcm
c|o+oc |ntcno+-sc + c|o+oc como ccnt|o oc |oouio oc bcns c sc|v|os uc +tcnoc + s| mcsm+
c + um octc|m|n+oo tc|||to||o o| c|c ocnom|n+oo oc |cg|io com|cmcnt+| |ssc |cnomcno
|o| t+mbcm +n+||s+oo o| |osc| () uc c|+ su+ conccio oc +|c+ oc mc|c+oo |ocu|ou
cx||c+| os +o|ocs |oc+c|on+|s cm |unio oo c|csc|mcnto oos custos oc t|+nso|tc com + o|s-
tnc|+ O t+m+n|o c + sost|c+io o+ cst|utu|+ |oout|v+ oc c+o+ c|o+oc cst+bc|cccm um+ ||c-
|+|u|+ o+ |coc u|b+n+ ocnom|n+o+ o| C||st+||c| oc s|stcm+ oc |ug+|cs |ostc||o|mcntc +n+-
||scs sob|c o +c| c + |unio o+s c|o+ocs ocmonst|+|+m uc cst+s sio t+mbcm os ccnt|os oc
gc|+io c o||usio oc con|cc|mcnto c o|t+nto o |ocus ||v||cg|+oo o+ |nov+io (|^CO| +,;,)
|cnt|o o+ conccio oc |ug+| ccnt|+| c |cg|io com|cmcnt+| |+v|+ cc|t+ sc+|+io cnt|c +
c|o+oc c o c+mo |o cnt+nto com + c|csccntc conccnt|+io o+ ou|+io n+s c|o+ocs c com
+ mc||o||+ o+s comun|c+ocs o u|b+no c o |cg|on+| +ss+|+m + sc| |no|ssoc|+vc|s o uc |cvou
|ntc||ct+io oc uc + u|b+n|z+io contcmo|nc+ c cxtcns|v+ c o|t+nto uc o c+mo cst+
u|b+n|z+oo (|O|||O| .oo,)
^ comb|n+io oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| c u|b+no com + sustcnt+b|||o+oc ocnt|o oc um+
c|scct|v+ oc |omcnto c cst|mu|o |nov+io ocvc sc| cns+o+ + +|t|| oo |co|ocn+mcnto
oo tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o o| mc|o o+ |nouio oc nov+s ccnt|+||o+ocs u|b+n+s c oo co||cson-
ocntc s|stcm+ oc +ccss|b|||o+oc cscc|+|mcntc t|+nso|tcs ^|cm oc out|os cu|+mcntos +s
c|o+ocs sc|cc|on+o+s ocvcm sc| oot+o+s oc |n||+cst|utu|+ oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ como b+sc
+|+ + csu|s+ c + |nov+io
C|c||o C+mo||n+ ||n|z
,so
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
|cnt|o ocss+ ||n|+ o |cccntc t|+b+||o |c+||z+oo c|+ cu|c oo Ccnt|o oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto c
||+nc,+mcnto |cg|on+| oc ||n+s Cc|+|s (Ccoc|+|) sob + coo|ocn+io oo +uto| |o|m+||zou um+
|oost+ +|+ + const|uio oo ||+s|| |o||ccnt||co uc +|tc o+ +n+||sc o+ cst|utu|+ cs+c|+| b|+s|-
|c||+ oos c||tc||os oc o|+||z+io cons|oc|+noo + o|vc|s|o+oc +mb|cnt+| c cu|tu|+| o+s |ntcnocs
gcog|+c+s c gcoo||t|c+s +|+ sc|cio oc um con,unto oc sctc novos m+c|oo|os c v|ntc c oo|s
subo|os cst|utu|+oo|cs oo tc|||to||o (||gu|+ .)
Macropolos consolidados (11)
Macropolos induzidos (7)
Sub-polos induzidos (23)
0 100
km
2.000
Tipologia dos polos
|lgura :. Ccn+||o oo ||+s|| o||ccnt||co
Cons|oc|+o+ + o|vc|s|o+oc n+tu|+| c + ||sto||+ oc c+o+ |cg|io c+o+ um+ ocvc||+ sc cscc|+||z+|
n+u||o cm uc +|cscnt+ otcnc|+| |oout|vo c|ct|vo c|+ comb|n+io o+ su+ b+sc |oout|v+
oc scus +t||butos n+tu|+|s c oc su+ c++c|o+oc oc c||+| v+nt+gcns com+|+t|v+s const|u|o+s o|
mc|o o+ |nov+io scnoo |nov+io sustcnt+b|||o+oc c ccnt|+||o+ocs u|b+n+s c |n||+cst|utu|+ os
|uno+mcntos +|+ + cocsio tc|||to||+| cconom|c+ soc|+| c o||t|c+ o+ n+io
|cnio cscc|+| ocvc sc| |c|t+ +|+ o c+so o+ ^m+zon|+ u+ |coc u|b+n+ + sc| |nouz|o+ |o| cn-
s+o+ oc |o|m+ + sc|v|| oc b+sc +|+ + gc|+io oc con|cc|mcnto novo n+ c|scct|v+ oc um+
|cvo|uio c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+ +|+ + |cg|io |cvo|uio c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+ uc c||c +s con-
o|ocs +|+ + gc|+io oc con|cc|mcnto novo uc c|m|t|ssc + |ocnt|c+io oc um novo +o|io
|oout|vo uc |ossc c++z oc gc|+| ||ucz+ |cno+ c cm|cgo + +|t|| oo +|ovc|t+mcnto o+ b|o-
o|vc|s|o+oc o+ |cg|io scm su+ +nt|o|z+io
,s+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Referncias
C||^| (+,,o) |s:aac e.coco.c ae ô.a |a:oa ,;, |cw o|| O||
C|||^|||| \ Ccnt|+| ||+ccs |n out|c|n Cc|m+ny (+, ) |cw |c|scy ||cnt|cc-|+|| +,ee
||||z CC ^|O | c C|OCCO | Con|cc|mcnto |nov+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+|;|oc+| |n
||||z CC c C|OCCO | |conom|+ |cg|on+| c u|b+n+ cont||bu|ocs tco||c+s |cccntcs |c|o |o-
||zontc |o|to|+ o+ |||C .ooe
|||C||^| ^ 'e ::a:e, c/ |.coco. |e.e'coeo: |cw |+vcn +|c |n|vc|s|ty
|^CO| | t|c cconomy o| c|t|cs |cw o|| |+noom |ousc +,es
|OC| ^ 'e e.coco.s c/ 'c.a:co () |cw |+vcn +|c |n|vc|s|ty
|||||||O |O ||^|||^|||O |stuoo o+ o|mcnsio tc|||to||+| +|+ o |+nc,+mcnto |cg|ocs oc |c-
|c|cnc|+ ||| ||+s|||+ .oos
|O||-|O| || ^ ucstio u|b+n+ c o |+nc,+mcnto u|b+no |cg||on+| no ||+s|| contcmo|nco |n
||n|z CC c |cmos || |conom|+ c c|||to||o |c|o |o||zontc co|to|+ o+ |||C .oo,
||||O|X | ^ |conom|+ oo ccu|o XX |o|to |c|oc|
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Os desaos das metrpoles poltica de cincia,
tecnologia e inovao
Luiz Cesar de Queiroz Ribeiro
1. Introduo: as metrpoles e o desenvolvimento nacional

O ocst|no o+s mct|oo|cs cst+ no ccnt|o oos o||cm+s o+s soc|co+ocs contcmo|nc+s ^s t|+ns-
|o|m+ocs tccno|og|c+s soc|+|s c cconom|c+s cm cu|so ocsoc + scguno+ mct+oc oos +nos +,;o
cm cscc|+| +s occo||cntcs o+ g|ob+||z+io c o+ |ccst|utu|+io soc|o|oout|v+ +|o|uno+|+m +
o|ssoc|+io cngcno|+o+ c|o c+|t+||smo |noust||+| cnt|c |og|csso m+tc||+| c u|b+n|z+io c-
gunoo |cv|socs oc o|g+n|smos |ntc|n+c|on+|s cm .o+, tc|cmos ,, +g|omc|+oos u|b+nos oo
o|tc oc mcg+|oo|cs cnt|c +s u+|s .; cst+|io |oc+||z+o+s cm +|scs cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto scn-
oo uc +cn+s ou|o sc|+ + g|+noc c|o+oc oo munoo ||co |o| out|o |+oo cnu+nto bo+ +|tc
o+s mct|oo|cs oo |cm|s|c||o u| cont|nu+|+ + con|ccc| t+x+s cx|os|v+s oc c|csc|mcnto oc-
mog|+co ocs|ov|oo oo ncccss+||o |og|csso m+tc||+| +uc|+s uc conccnt|+m +s |unocs oc
o||cio com+noo c coo|ocn+io oos uxos cconom|cos muno|+|s cnco||c|io |c|+t|v+mcntc oc
t+m+n|o c|cmos cntio ou+s cono|ocs u|b+n+s + gc|+o+ c|+ vc|t|g|nos+ conccnt|+io o-
u|+c|on+| cm g|+nocs c|o+ocs nos +|scs uc cstio con|cccnoo o |occsso oc aesaa'aac
|nouz|oo c|+ |nco|o|+io oo c+mo cx+nsio o+s ||ontc||+s muno|+|s oo cs+o oc c||cu-
|+io oo c+|t+| c + cono|io u|b+n+ occo||cntc o+ conccnt|+io oo c+|t+| oo ooc| c oos
|ccu|sos oc bcm-cst+| soc|+|
ô mcsmo tcmo +cs+| oo +umcnto o+s +ss|mct||+s +s mct|oo|cs vcm |ntcns|c+noo scu +-
c| |nouto| oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co cm |unio o+ cx+cc|b+io oo con|cc|oo +c| o+s
+ Coo|ocn+oo| oo Obsc|v+to||o o+s |ct|oo|cs o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo ||o oc |+nc||o (||||)
|u|z Ccs+| oc uc||oz ||bc||o
,s
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
g|+nocs c|o+ocs n+ |nov+io soc|+| c tccno|og|c+ como ,+ most|+|+m t|+b+||os c|+ss|cos como oc
| |+cobs () |+||oc| () c csu|s+s |cccntcs sob|c + |c|+io cnt|c g|ob+||z+io c +s mct|o-
o|cs (V||z O|||| c V||^||| ) |+|+ uc +s mct|oo|cs sc,+m m+|s oo uc
mc|+s |+t+|o|m+s oc +t|+io oc c+|t+|s m+s +o cont|+||o const|tu+m-sc cm tc|||to||os c++zcs
oc |ctc|||to||+||z+| + cconom|+ c oc |mco|| o +|o|uno+mcnto o+ o|s,unio cnt|c |st+oo c |+-
io c ncccss+||o uc contcn|+m os c|cmcntos |cuc||oos c|+ nov+ cconom|+ oc +g|omc|+io
o+ |+sc os-|o|o|st+ cnt|c os u+|s sc ocst+c+m os |c|+c|on+oos +os mc|os soc|+|s gc|m|n+oo|cs o+
|nov+io con+n+ c o+ cocsio soc|+| |c |+to + |couio oos custos o+ o|stnc|+ c o+s v+nt+gcns
ccun|+||+s |oouto o+ |cvo|uio oos mc|os oc t|+nso|tcs c comun|c+io c oos novos s|stcm+
oc gcstio cm|cs+||+|s - cont+m |o,c mcnos oo uc os c|c|tos oc +g|omc|+io occo||cntcs o+
ocns||c+io o+s |c|+ocs soc|+|s |ntc|cctu+|s c cu|tu|+|s Vc|tz () mcnc|on+ uc +s nov+s cx|-
gcnc|+s comct|t|v+s sio os e.ascs e'a.coas c mcnos o cstouc oc |ccu|sos m+tc||+|s oc b+|-
xo custo |+|+ os scto|cs o|nm|cos o+ cconom|+ g|ob+||z+o+ |mo|t+ uc +s g|+nocs mct|oo|cs
contcn|+m o uc Vc|tz c|+m+ oc e.csss:eoa e'a.coa' t+nto n+ o|g+n|z+io |ntc|n+ o+ cm|cs+
u+nto n+s su+s |c|+ocs com |o|ncccoo|cs |oss|on+|s consum|oo|cs ctc |stuoos most|+m
com c|c|to uc +s mct|oo|cs onoc |cv+|cccm mcno|cs |no|ccs oc ou+||z+io c oc o|+||z+io
oo tcc|oo soc|+| sio +s uc tcm |cv+oo v+nt+gcns n+ comct|io c|+ +t|+io oos uxos ccono-
m|cos ou sc,+ +s uc |ccus+|+m + |og|c+ o+ comct|io busc+noo o|c|ccc| +cn+s govc|nos |oc+|s
cm|ccnocoo|cs c +s v||tuocs o+ mc|c+nt|||z+io o+ c|o+oc
^s mct|oo|cs ocvcm o|t+nto const|tu||cm-sc cm mc|os soc|+|s c++zcs oc |omovc| + |nov+-
io + con|+n+ c + cocsio soc|+| to|n+noo-sc vc|cu|os o+ ,unio cnt|c |st+oo c |+io
2. A realidade metropolitana brasileira: ativos e passivos
^cs+| oc scus ocscu|||b||os o s|stcm+ u|b+no b|+s||c||o const|tu| |mo|t+ntc +t|vo +|+ o ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto n+c|on+| ||c c comosto o| ,; g|+nocs +g|omc|+oos u|b+nos onoc |cs|ocm +|ox|-
m+o+mcntc |,/ o+ ou|+io (;e m|||ocs oc csso+s) c sc conccnt|+m e+/ o+ |cno+ n+c|on+|
|nt|c os ,; g|+nocs +g|omc|+oos u|b+nos tcmos +, mct|oo|cs
.
|sto c +g|omc|+oos uc +|cscn-
t+m c+|+ctc||st|c+s |o||+s o+s nov+s |unocs oc coo|ocn+io com+noo c o||cio o+s g|+nocs
c|o+ocs n+ cconom|+ cm |coc |sto c conccnt|+io ou|+c|on+| c++c|o+oc oc ccnt|+||o+oc g|+u
oc |nsc|io n+ cconom|+ oc sc|v|os |oout|vos c ooc| oc o||cio mco|o+ c|+ |oc+||z+io o+s
scocs o+s ,oo m+|o|cs cm|cs+s oo +|s c|o vo|umc tot+| o+s oc|+ocs b+nc+||+s;n+ncc||+s c
c|+ m+ss+ oc |cno|mcnto mcns+| (O|||VÔ||O |^ |||O|O|| +)
io |+u|o ||o oc |+nc||o |c|o |o||zontc V|to||+ +|v+oo| |cc||c |o|t+|cz+ |c|cm |+n+us ||+s|||+ Co|n|+ C+m|n+s
Cu||t|b+ ||o||+noo||s c |o|to ^|cg|c
Os ocs+os o+s mct|oo|cs o||t|c+ oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io
,s,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Os +, cs+os cons|oc|+oos mct|oo||t+nos tcm cno|mc |mo|tnc|+ n+ conccnt|+io o+s
|o|+s |oout|v+s n+c|on+|s ||cs ccnt|+||z+m e./ o+ c++c|o+oc tccno|og|c+ oo +|s mco|o+
c|o numc|o oc +tcntcs +|t|gos c|cnt|cos ou|+io com m+|s oc +. +nos oc cstuoos c
v+|o| b|uto o+ t|+ns|o|m+io |noust||+| (V|) o+s cm|cs+s uc |nov+m cm |ooutos c |o-
ccssos |ss+s +, mct|oo|cs |cuncm t+mbcm ,,/ oo v+|o| oc t|+ns|o|m+io |noust||+| o+s
cm|cs+s uc cxo|t+m cmos o|t+nto um s|stcm+ u|b+no uc ooc sc| cons|oc|+oo |m-
o|t+ntc +t|vo +|+ um |o,cto oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+c|on+| ||cntc s nov+s tcnocnc|+s oc
t|+ns|o|m+io oo c+|t+||smo (O|||VÔ||O |^ |||O|O|| b)
|+s +o mcsmo tcmo ncst+s +g|omc|+ocs cstio conccnt|+oos t+mbcm os g|+nocs ocs+os +
sc|cm cn||cnt+oos n+ |o|m+ oc +ss|vos |csu|t+ntcs oc um mooc|o oc u|b+n|z+io o|g+n|z+oo
csscnc|+|mcntc c|+ comb|n+io cnt|c +s |o|+s oc mc|c+oo c um |st+oo ||sto||c+mcntc c|-
m|ss|vo com too+s +s |o|m+s oc +|o||+io ||v+t|st+s o+s c|o+ocs gc|+noo um+ u|b+n|z+io
c+ot|c+ |m conscucnc|+ o |ntcnso c +cc|c|+oo |occsso oc u|b+n|z+io t|+ns|c||u oo c+mo
cc|c+ oc ,, m|||ocs oc csso+s cnt|c +,,o c +,;o c gc|ou g|+nocs c|o+ocs |m|ov|s+o+s c |n+c+-
b+o+s ocs|c+|+o+s m+tc||+| soc|+| c |nst|tuc|on+|mcntc +|+ o c|csc|mcnto cconom|co b+-
sc+oo n+ o|nm|c+ o+ |nov+io n+ cconom|+ oo con|cc|mcnto c n+ mob|||z+io oos |ccu|sos
|c|+c|on+|s mcnc|on+o+s +ntc||o|mcntc |cs +scctos mc|cccm ocst+ucs
2.1. Obstculos metropolitanos diminuio sustentvel das
desigualdades sociais.
Os |csu|t+oos oos csu|s+oo|cs oo Obsc|v+to||o o+s |ct|oo|cs cm consonnc|+ com + ||-
tc|+tu|+ |ntc|n+c|on+| vcm cv|ocnc|+noo cm|||c+mcntc os ncxos cnt|c os |cnomcnos oc scg-
mcnt+io tc|||to||+| c scg|cg+io |cs|ocnc|+| |nc|ocntcs n+s mct|oo|cs c + |c|oouio o+s ocs|-
gu+|o+ocs soc|+|s cm t|cs o|mcnsocs cono|ocs soc|o+mb|cnt+|s oo|tun|o+ocs (cm|cgo |cn-
o+ c csco|+||z+io) c custo u|b+no oc v|o+
,
O uc cst+ scnoo conu|st+oo n+ o|m|nu|io o+s
ocs|gu+|o+ocs soc|+|s v|+ |o|m+||z+io oo cm|cgo +umcnto oo s+|+||o m|n|mo c o||t|c+s oc
t|+ns|c|cnc|+ oc |cno+ nio vcm sc t|+ouz|noo cm mc||o||+ c|ct|v+ oo bcm-cst+| soc|+| c n+ oc-
moc|+t|z+io o+s oo|tun|o+ocs cm |+zio oos |ob|cm+s +cumu|+oos n+s g|+nocs mct|oo|cs
(O|||VÔ||O |^ |||O|O|| c o c c)
^s |csu|s+s oc O|+mcnto |+m|||+| (|O|) |c+||z+o+s c|o ||C| most|+m + c|csccntc +|t|c|+io oos |tcns |+b|t+io
c |+nso|tcs nos custos o+s |+m|||+s mo|+oo|+s cm c|o+ocs |m .oo, |c|cscnt+v+m ,e|/ c +,,/ |cscct|v+mcntc
cnu+nto +||mcnt+io +,/
|u|z Ccs+| oc uc||oz ||bc||o
,so
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
2.2. Nexos entre organizao social do territrio e a crise de coeso social.
ô mcsmo tcmo os |csu|t+oos oos t|+b+||os oo Obsc|v+to||o sob|c + |o|tc conccnt|+io
n+s mct|oo|cs oo |cnomcno o+ c||m|n+||o+oc v|o|cnt+ tcm co|oc+oo cm o|scussio os ncxos
cnt|c os |occssos oc o|st+nc|+mcnto tc|||to||+| soc|+| c s|mbo||co cnt|c +s c|+sscs c g|uos
soc|+|s occo||cntcs oos |occssos oc scgmcnt+io tc|||to||+| c scg|cg+io |cs|ocnc|+| c + ||+-
g|||z+io oos mcc+n|smos oc cocsio soc|+| n+s mct|oo|cs c scus |m+ctos n+ o|mcnsio so-
c|ct+||+ (|^C|^|O .oo|)
2.3. Inexistncia de instituies de governana das metrpoles.
|io obst+ntc + |c|cvnc|+ cconom|c+ c soc|+| o+s mct|oo|cs oocmos o|zc| uc sio tc|||to||os
ae.a o|s |ncx|stcm |nst|tu|ocs ub||c+s |nvcst|o+s oc c++c|o+oc |c+| oc govc|n+b|||o+oc
^cs+| o+ |nst|tu|io |o|m+| oc |numc|+s |cg|ocs mct|oo||t+n+s os o|g+n|smos c||+oos nio
ossucm +uto||o+oc ub||c+ com |cg|t|m|o+oc c c++c|o+oc tccn|c+ ncccss+||+s + cm|ccnoc|
+ocs cooc|+t|v+s oc gcstio tc|||to||+| ^ soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ cst+ con||ont+o+ |nconto|n+vc|
t+|c|+ oc os::a:co oa'ao +|+ + u+| sc|+ |mc||oso |oouz|| con|cc|mcnto gc|+| |nov+io
c mob|||z+| +s |o|+s o||t|c+s +|+ cncont|+| o c+m|n|o o+ ncccss+||+ |c|o|m+ o+ o|g+n|z+io
|coc|+t|v+ oo tc|||to||o n+c|on+|
|

3. Desaos para a poltica de cincia, tecnologia e inovao
Os ocs+os mcnc|on+oos +ntc||o|mcntc ocm+no+m + +ooio oc |c|cv+ntc cst|+tcg|+ o+ o||t|-
c+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co tccno|og|co c |nov+io u+t|o ontos sio |uno+mcnt+|s O
||mc||o o|z |csc|to ncccss|o+oc oc suc|+io o+ cxt|cm+ ||+gmcnt+io o+ o|g+n|z+io o+s
+|c+s c sub+|c+s oc con|cc|mcntos oo s|stcm+ oc C| t|+ouz|o+ cm |+ sub+|c+s oc csu|-
s+ cnvo|v|o+s com tcm+s |c|+c|on+oos |ob|cm+t|c+ mct|oo||t+n+ cu,+ com|ccnsio cx|gc
o ncccss+||o cn|ouc t|+nso|sc|||n+| O scgunoo onto |c|c|c-sc nio cons|oc|+io oo tcm+
mct|oo||t+no como cst|+tcg|co n+ |o||t|c+ oc C| ocvcnoo conscucntcmcntc sc| ob,cto
oc +ocs oc |nouio Como ,+ mcnc|on+oo +ntc||o|mcntc |o,c m+|s oo uc no +ss+oo + g|+n-
oc c|o+oc c o |ocus ||v||cg|+oo o+ c||+t|v|o+oc soc|+| uc |uno+mcnt+ +s |nov+ocs tccno|og|-
c+s uc |mu|s|on+m o |og|csso m+tc||+| o+ soc|co+oc O tc|cc||o occo||c o+ ncccss|o+oc oc
suc|+| o cntcno|mcnto oo tc|||to||o como v+||+vc| occnocntc como +cn+s cont|ncntc oc
|occssos cconom|cos soc|+|s c o||t|cos Com c|c|to + |+t|c+ c|cnt|c+ no c+mo oos cstuoos
u|b+nos c |cg|on+|s +|no+ nio |nco|o|ou + ncccss+||+ com|ccnsio o+s nov+s |c|+ocs cnt|c so-
| Vc| ooss|c sob|c o tcm+ ub||c+oo no numc|o ., oos C+oc|nos |ct|oo|cswwwobsc|v+to||oo+smct|oo|csnct;c+oc|nos
Os ocs+os o+s mct|oo|cs o||t|c+ oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io
,s)
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
c|co+oc c tc|||to||o su|g|o+s com + |cvo|uio tccno|og|c+ |n|o|m+c|on+|-comun|c+c|on+| como
|ooc |+nuc| C+stc||s cu,o t|+o ||nc|+| c + com|cssio cs+o-tcmo|+| |st+s muo+n-
+s |nc|ocm sob|c o t|+b+||o + cm|cs+ c o |st+oo to|n+noo cst|+tcg|co cns+| oc m+nc||+
mu|t|csc+|+| +|+ com|ccnoc| os ocs+os oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto bcm como +|+ ocscn|+| +s
o||t|c+s ub||c+s |o| m o u+|to occo||c o+ ncccss|o+oc const|tuc|on+| c |cg+| (|st+tuto o+s
C|o+ocs) oc cons|oc|+| n+ csu|s+ no |+nc,+mcnto c n+ gcstio mct|oo||t+n+ + c|ct|v+io oo
||nc||o oo o||c|to c|o+oc o uc s|gn|c+ tc| cst|+tcg|+s uc cons|oc|cm +s mct|oo|cs s|-
mu|t+nc+mcntc n+ ou|+ |unio oc |nouto|+s oo c|csc|mcnto cconom|c+s c oc |omoto|+s o+
,ust|+ o|st||but|v+ oc bcm-cst+| |cno+ c oo|tun|o+ocs
|stcs u+t|o ontos sc m+tc||+||z+m no ocs+o o+ |o||t|c+ C| cm cmu|+| o c+mo c|cnt|co
n+ o||cio o+ |oouio oc um s+bc| u|b+no mu|t|o|sc|||n+| c t|+nscsc+|+| uc +umcntc o nos-
so cstouc oc con|cc|mcntos sob|c os scgu|ntcs tcm+s
|ct|oo|c |coc u|b+n+ c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+c|on+|
|ct|oo|c tc|||to||o c ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+|
|ct|oo|c gc|+io c o||usio oc |nov+io
|ct|oo|c tc|||to||o c + sustcnt+b|||o+oc soc|o+mb|cnt+|
|ct|oo|c govc|n+n+ u|b+n+ c |c|+ocs |coc|+t|v+s
|ct|oo|c govc|n+n+ u|b+n+ c c|o+o+n|+
Referncia
|^||OC| | C|t|cs +no |conom|c |cvc|omcnt ||om t|c |+wn o| ||sto|y to t|c ||cscnt c |n|vc|s|ty
o| C||c+go C||c+go
|^CO| | () |+ cconom|+ oc |+s c|uo+ocs |+|cc|on+ |o|c|oncs |cn|nsu|+
|^C|^|O | ^ oc|+b|||o+oc v|o|cnt+ o| um+ |ntc||ct+io o+ c||m|n+||o+oc contcmo|nc+ no
||+s|| u|b+no |n ||bc||o|C| (o|g) |ct|oo|cs |nt|c + cocsio c + ||+gmcnt+io + cooc|+io c
con|to ||o oc |+nc||o |o|to|+ |cv+n;Obsc|v+to||o o+s |ct|oo|cs;|^| .oo|
O|||VÔ||O |^ |||O|O|| ||c|+|u|z+io c |ocnt||c+io oos cs+os u|b+nos |n Co|ct-

nc+ Con,untu|+ u|b+n+ ||||||O | C (O|g) vo| |ct|+ C+|t+|Obsc|v+to||o o+s |ct|oo|cs
+ ||son|vc| on||nc cm |tt;;wwwobsc|v+to||oo+smct|oo|csu||,b|;Vo|_||c|+|u|z+c+o_
|ocnt||c+c+o_cs+cos_u|b+noso|
___________. |st|utu|+ c o|nm|c+ cs+o-tcmo|+| o+s mct|oo|cs b|+s||c||+s. |||z | | |||||-
|^ |c|n+noo |+t|st+ co ||o oc |+nc||o |ct|+ C+|t+| b v ||son|vc| on||nc cm
|tt;;wcbobsc|v+to||oo+smct|oo|csnct
___________ t+tus co| c ocs|gu+|o+ocs soc|ocs+c|+|s nos g|+nocs cs+os u|b+nos b|+s||c||os. ||-
||||O | C |O|||C|| | | CO|||^ | Obsc|v+to||o o+s |ct|oo|cs;|ct|+ C+|t+| ||o
oc ,+nc||o c ||son|vc| on||nc cm |tt;;wcbobsc|v+to||oo+smct|oo|csnct
___________ cg|cg+io |cs|ocnc|+| c mc|c+oo oc t|+b+||o nos g|+nocs cs+os u|b+nos b|+s||c||os.
||||||O | C |O|||C|| | | CO|||^ | Obsc|v+to||o o+s |ct|oo|cs;|ct|+ C+|t+| ||o
oc |+nc||o .oo,o ||son|vc| on||nc cm |tt;;wcbobsc|v+to||oo+smct|oo|csnct
___________ Vu|nc|+b|||o+oc soc|o+mb|cnt+| o+s |cg|ocs mct|oo||t+n+s b|+s||c||+s. ||C|^||
| V|||C^|O|| C|||^ ^n+c| |C|^C|O c|g|o ^ |C^|OO | Obsc|v+to||o o+s
|ct|oo|cs;|ct|+ C+|t+| .oo,c ||son|vc| on||nc cm |tt;;wcbobsc|v+to||oo+smct|oo|csnct
O|||| | V||^||| O bu|bu||n|o + |o|+ cconom|c+ o+ c|o+oc || ||||z CC |||O ||
|conom|+ c c|||to||o |o|to|+ |||C |c|o |o||zontc
V||z | (+,,e) |ono|+||z+t|on V|||cs ct tc|||to||cs |cconom|c o+|c||c| |+||s ||csscs |n|vc|s|t+||cs oc
||+ncc +,,e
V||z | (.oo.) |||mcs ct tc|||to||cs |c t+|mc mo| non |us cm|n+||o |nt|c|cncu|s V|||cs ct c|||to||cs
|+||s |co|c oc |+||s ou |+n+gcmcnt .oo. ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwcco|co|g;scm|n+||cs;||;
|V_;|V_o|
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
Relatrio da sesso Sistemas urbanos e regionais
sustentveis
Celso Santos Carvalho
, Renata Helena da Silva

1. Introduo
O ocb+tc sob|c s|stcm+s u|b+nos c |cg|on+|s sustcnt+vc|s ob,ct|vou |cv+nt+| os ||nc|+|s oc-
s+os cn||cnt+oos c|+ soc|co+oc b|+s||c||+ +|+ const|u|| s|stcm+s oc c|o+ocs uc cont||bu+m
c|ct|v+mcntc +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+c|on+| sustcnt+vc| c + +|t|| ocssc ocb+tc |cv+nt+| c oc-
b+tc| |oost+s + |csc|to oo +c| uc o nosso s|stcm+ oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io ooc
,og+| ncss+ const|uio
|+s cxos|ocs cmc|gcm t|cs +scctos b+s|cos +|+ o ocb+tc
|m+ vcz uc c+o+ c|o+oc |nsc|c-sc num+ |c+||o+oc |cg|on+| cscc|c+ c uc css+ |nsc|io
|cg|on+| cono|c|on+ su+s oss|b|||o+ocs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto o |ct|+to o+ |c+||o+oc |cg|o-
n+| b|+s||c||+ |cc|s+ ncccss+||+mcntc sc| cons|oc|+oo n+ const|uio oc um+ |oost+ oc
ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+c|on+| sustcnt+vc|
cnoo cm v|st+ + |mo|tnc|+ o+ |cscn+ o+s |cg|ocs mct|oo||t+n+s c +g|omc|+ocs
u|b+n+s n+ |c+||o+oc |cg|on+| b|+s||c||+ + ucstio o+ |ntcg|+io nio so oos s|stcm+s u|-
b+nos m+s t+mbcm o+ govc|n+n+ ocmoc|+t|c+ no tc|||to||o mct|oo||t+no c um ocs+-
o |c|cv+ntc +|+ o +|s
|+o+ + scg|cg+io soc|+| c cs+c|+| uc c+|+ctc||z+ +s c|o+ocs b|+s||c||+s + const|uio
oc s|stcm+s u|b+nos c |cg|on+|s sustcnt+vc|s ocvc ncccss+||+mcntc suc|+| o |osso uc
+ cc|ct+||o |+c|on+| oc |+b|t+io oo ||n|stc||o o+s C|o+ocs
Cc|so +ntos C+|v+||o |cn+t+ |c|cn+ o+ ||v+
,,o
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
sc+|+ + c|o+oc oos ||cos oot+o+ oc |n||+cst|utu|+ c sc|v|os u|b+nos oc cu|tu|+ c |+-
zc| o+ c|o+oc oos ob|cs |m|+nt+o+ cm +|c+s oc ||scos ou oc |otcio +mb|cnt+| scm
+ccsso +os sc|v|os |n||+cst|utu|+ c cu|+mcntos u|b+nos ou cntio s|tu+o+ n+s c|||c-
||+s o|st+ntcs o+s |ontcs oc cm|cgo c oo|tun|o+ocs oc |cno+ cu|tu|+ c |+zc|
2. A necessidade de um Brasil policntrico
O |occsso oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c +s v+nt+gcns uc um+ |cg|io +ou||c cstio |c|+c|on+oos
su+ c++c|o+oc oc +|cno|z+gcm c |nov+io |m+ vcz uc + c++c|o+oc oc gc|+| novos co-
n|cc|mcntos (c|cmcnto ccnt|+| no |occsso oc |oouio comct|io c c|csc|mcnto) cst+
cn|+|z+o+ n+s cono|ocs |oc+|s osto uc c+o+ tc|||to||o tcm um+ ||sto||+ +t||butos +to|cs
c |ocnt|o+oc cconom|c+ cu|tu|+| c o||t|c+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c o| n+tu|cz+ conccnt|+oo c
|c|+c|on+oo |c+||o+oc |cg|on+|
O ||+s|| c+|+ctc||z+-sc c|+s ocs|gu+|o+ocs cs+c|+|s soc|occonom|c+s - |nc|us|vc oc oot+io oc
|n||+cst|utu|+ oc con|cc|mcnto c |nov+io cnt|c +s |cg|ocs - como ooc sc| cv|ocnc|+oo c|+s
gu|+s +b+|xo cm uc sc +|cscnt+m c+|tog|+m+s o+ ocns|o+oc ocmog|+c+ o+ |coc u|b+n+
com m+|s oc m|| csso+s c o+s m|c|o||cg|ocs com m+|s oc m|| cm|cgos |noust||+|s
1.000 a 13.400 (91)
500 a 1.000 (56)
100 a 500 (546)
10 a 1000 (3651)
0 a 10 (1.222)
0 100
km
2.000
Densidade populacional
hab/km
|lgura +. |cns|o+oc ocmog|+|c+ b|+s||c||+ -
|co:e |8G| |'aocaac Ceae'a/J|/G
|c|+to||o o+ scssio |stcm+s u|b+nos c |cg|on+|s sustcnt+vc|s
,,+
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
5 milhes a 10,4 milhes (2)
1 milho 2,9 milhes (12)
500 mil a 1 milho (22)
100 mil a 500 mil (191)
50 mil a 100 mil (218)
0 100
km
2.000
Intervalos populacionais
|lgura :. |coc u|b+n+ com m+|s oc m|| csso+s -
|os m++s +|cscnt+oos obsc|v+-sc c|+|+mcntc uc o +|s +|cscnt+ um+ |+|x+ oc conccnt|+-
io oc oo|tun|o+ocs cconom|c+s uc +b|+ngc os t|cs cst+oos oo u| c sc cstcnoc +|+ o uocs-
tc c |o|ocstc num+ cst|c|t+ |+|x+ oc tc|||to||o uc ,+m+|s sc +|+st+ o+ cost+ |+s |cg|ocs |o|tc
Ccnt|o-Ocstc c |o|ocstc |o|+ o+ cst|c|t+ |+|x+ |ox|m+ oo ||to|+| + |coc +|cscnt+ c|o+ocs mc-
no|cs com o|nm|c+ cconom|c+ m+|s ||+g|||z+o+
,,:
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
100.000 a 760.000 (13)
50.000 a 100.000 (11)
10.000 a 50.000 (106)
5.000 a 10.000 (81)
0 100
km
2.000
Empregos na idstria
de transformao
|lgura ,. ||c|o||cg|ocs gcog|+|c+s com m+|s oc m|| cm|cgos |noust||+|s -
|m+ |oost+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| +|+ o +|s nio ooc |csc|no|| o|t+nto o+ +|-
tc|+io oo ocscu|||b||o |cg|on+| uc c+|+ctc||z+ noss+ |coc oc c|o+ocs | ncccss+||o |o|t+|ccc|
os o|os cconom|cos no |ntc||o| oo +|s o uc +ss+ c|o cntcno|mcnto oc uc +s cscc|+||z+-
ocs |cg|on+|s sio o c+m|n|o +|+ + |nov+io c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto C+o+ |cg|io |cc|s+ sc cs-
cc|+||z+| n+u||o +|+ o u+| +|cscnt+ otcnc|+| |oout|vo c|ct|vo com|ccnocnoo + b+sc oc
|ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c++c|o+oc oc c||+| v+nt+gcns com+|+t|v+s ctc
Cons|oc|+noo uc +s c|o+ocs sc const|tucm cm +gcntcs +t|vos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c gc|+io oc
con|cc|mcnto + |oost+ c busc+| + const|uio oc um +|s o||ccnt||co com o |o|t+|cc|mcnto
oos o|os |cg|on+|s oo |ntc||o| como b+sc +|+ + |ntcg|+io tc|||to||+| cconom|c+ soc|+| c o||-
t|c+ t+nto oo +|s u+nto o+ ^mc||c+ oo u|
,,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
3. A necessidade de gesto e governana metropolitanas
|u|z Ccs+| oc uc||oz ||bc||o t|ouxc +o ocb+tc out|o ocs+o uc sc co|oc+ +|+ + const|uio
oc s|stcm+s u|b+nos c |cg|on+|s sustcnt+vc|s |c|cscnt+oo c|o |+to oc o ||+s|| sc| um +|s u|-
b+no mct|oo||t+no
|c |+to cont+mos com c|o+ocs com m+|s oc m|||io oc |+b|t+ntcs (scnoo uc +cn+s
+|scs no munoo tcm um numc|o m+|o| oc c|o+ocs ocssc o|tc) mcg+c|o+ocs (io |+u|o c
||o oc |+nc||o) c |cg|ocs mct|oo||t+n+s cm cst+oos |st+s g|+nocs c|o+ocs +g|omc|+ocs
u|b+n+s c |cg|ocs mct|oo||t+n+s +b||g+m o+ ou|+io m+|s o+ mct+oc oo ||| o+s
m+|o|cs cm|cs+s c m+|s oc o+ c++c|o+oc tccno|og|c+ oo +|s
|+o+ + +uscnc|+ oc mcc+n|smos oc |ntcg|+io soc|+| +s c|o+ocs |nsc||o+s n+s +g|omc|+ocs
const|tucm tc|||to||os scm o||t|c+ ncm govc|n+b|||o+oc o uc |mcoc + +tu+io ub||c+ +|+
|couz|| +s ocs|gu+|o+ocs oc |cno+ bcm-cst+| c oo|tun|o+ocs ou suc|+| os |m+ctos n+ sustcn-
t+b|||o+oc soc|+| c +mb|cnt+| |m s|ntcsc + +uscnc|+ oc um s|stcm+ oc govc|n+n+ ocmoc|+t|c+
uc +tuc sob|c o con,unto oo tc|||to||o com+|t|||+oo c|+s c|o+ocs |mcoc + conc|ct|z+io o+
|unio soc|+| o+ c|o+oc c gc|+ g|+noc o|cu|o+oc +|+ com+t|b|||z+| c |ntcg|+| os |ntc|csscs cn-
t|c os mun|c||os gc|+noo um+ comct|io |nt|+mct|oo||t+n+ ou |nt|+-|cg|on+| + u+| mu|t+s
vczcs o|cu|t+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|stc u+o|o |c|cscnt+ um g|+noc ocs+o +|+ o s|stcm+ oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io oo +|s |
|cc|so |uno+| um con|cc|mcnto sob|c o u|b+no-|cg|on+| b|+s||c||o uc sc,+ |u||o|sc|||n+| t|+nscs-
c+|+| c t|+nsvc|s+| uc suc|c + noss+ |c+||o+oc oc um s|stcm+ oc comctcnc|+s ||+gmcnt+oo com-
osto o| sub+|c+s n+ +|c+ oc c|cnc|+s soc|+|s +||c+o+s c sub+|c+s n+ +|c+ oc c|cnc|+s |um+n+s
|+|+ |sso + |oost+ uc sc co|oc+ c o |nccnt|vo csu|s+ c + o||usio o+s tccno|og|+s oc +n+||sc
soc|+| gcstio ub||c+ c cont|o|c c|o+oio oo tc|||to||o uc cons|g+m +ont+| +|+ mcc+n|smos
oc govc|n+n+ ocmoc|+t|c+ c++zcs oc suc|+| os ||m|tcs oc c+o+ mun|c||o
,,
|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz
4. A concretizao do direito moradia
|m+ o+s ||nc|+|s c+|+ctc||st|c+s o+s c|o+ocs b|+s||c||+s c + scg|cg+io soc|ocs+c|+| +|+ +s
mo|+o|+s oos ob|cs sio ocst|n+o+s +s +|c+s c|||c||c+s s|tu+o+s o|st+ntcs o+s |ontcs oc cm|c-
go c gc|+io oc |cno+ ou +s +|c+s |||cgu|+|cs como cncost+s oc mo||os v+|zc+s oc ||os m+|gcns
oc m+ngucs ou +|c+s uc ocvc||+m sc| ocst|n+o+s |otcio +mb|cnt+|
|stc +o|io oc ocu+io u|b+n+ c c|vc|so c |n,usto o|s submctc + +|cc|+ m+|s ob|c o+ o-
u|+io +os c|c|tos oos ocs||z+mcntos oc cncost+s c cnc|cntcs o| oc+s|io o+s c|uv+s |ntcns+s
|cc+||co+oc oo +ccsso |n||+cst|utu|+ c +os sc|v|os c cu|+mcntos u|b+nos c;ou + |ong+s
|o|+s oc v|+gcm no t|+,cto cot|o|+no cnt|c |cs|ocnc|+ c t|+b+||o ^|cm o|sso cont||bu| +|+ +
ocg|+o+io +mb|cnt+| o+ c|o+oc n+ mco|o+ cm uc + |cc+||co+oc o+ co|ct+ c t|+t+mcnto oos
csgotos c |cs|ouos so||oos n+s +|c+s |||cgu|+|cs |m+ct+ +s |ontcs oc +b+stcc|mcnto oc +gu+ +
ocu+io o+s +|c+s oc |otcio c |csc|v+io +mb|cnt+| gc|+ + cx+nsio o+s |||+s oc c+|o| c
+ ocg|+o+io oos m+n+nc|+|s +s o|stnc|+s cnt|c mo|+o|+ c |ontcs oc |cno+ |mocm um+ oc-
m+no+ +o s|stcm+ oc t|+nso|tc co|ct|vo com c|c|tos sob|c os cno|mcs congcst|on+mcntos oc
t|ns|to c + o|u|io +tmos|c||c+
^ const|uio oc c|o+ocs +mb|cnt+|mcntc sustcnt+vc|s +ss+ o|t+nto c|+ |cso|uio oo |o-
b|cm+ o+ mo|+o|+ oos m+|s ob|cs |o| um |+oo c |cc|so +v+n+| n+ u|b+n|z+io c |cgu|+||-
z+io |uno|+||+ oos +sscnt+mcntos |cc+||os |ovcnoo +s ocu+ocs oc |n||+cst|utu|+ u|b+n+
b+s|c+ c |omovcnoo + scgu|+n+ ,u||o|c+ o+s osscs cstcnocnoo os sc|v|os u|b+nos + too+s
+s +|c+s o+ c|o+oc |o| out|o |+oo c |cc|so |nvcst|| |o|tcmcntc n+ |oouio oc mo|+o|+s +|+
css+ c+m+o+ o+ ou|+io o uc |cssuoc +|cm oc |ccu|sos ub||cos +|+ + const|uio |+b|-
t+c|on+| + |ntc|vcnio ub||c+ no mc|c+oo |uno|+||o u|b+no com o +umcnto o+ o|c|t+ oc |otcs
u|b+n|z+oos |oc+||z+oos cm +|c+s ccnt|+|s ou oot+o+s oc |ontcs oc cm|cgo c gc|+io oc |cno+
^ |m|+nt+io oc um+ nov+ o||t|c+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto u|b+no t+mbcm gc|+ ocm+no+s +|+
o s|stcm+ oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io ^|cm oc um cs|o|o oc +n+||sc sob|c + ucstio |un-
o|+||+ u|b+n+ o s|stcm+ ooc cont||bu|| c|ct|v+mcntc com o mon|to|+mcnto o+s o||t|c+s u-
b||c+s oc |cgu|+||z+io |uno|+||+ c |m|+nt+io oos |+nos o||cto|cs mun|c|+|s bcm como com
+ o||usio oc con|cc|mcntos sob|c os |nst|umcntos oo |st+tuto o+ C|o+oc (|c| oc )
uc oss|b|||t+m conc|ct|z+| + |unio soc|+| o+ |o||co+oc u|b+n+ c o o||cto mo|+o|+ como
|o|m+ oc cmooc|+mcnto oo ooc| ub||co mun|c|+| c oo mov|mcnto soc|+|
|xcm|o c|+ss|co sio +s +|c+s oc |otcio oc m+n+nc|+|s oos |csc|v+to||os |||||ngs c Cu+|+||+ng+ n+ |cg|io |ct|oo||t+n+ oc
io |+u|o uc sc cncont|+m ocu+o+s oc |o|m+ |||cgu|+| o| m+|s oc m|||io oc csso+s
,,,
||s|vo|v||o sJs|v||
5. Consideraes nais
O +v+no cm o||cio const|uio oc s|stcm+s u|b+nos c |cg|on+|s sustcnt+vc|s c um ocs+o
+|+ too+ + soc|co+oc c |m||c+ + |m|+nt+io oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s vo|t+o+s +|+ o |o|t+|cc|-
mcnto oc o|os u|b+nos no |ntc||o| oo +|s o+ govc|n+n+ mct|oo||t+n+ c oo o||c|to mo|+-
o|+ c c|o+oc +| ocs+o gc|+ +|+ o s|stcm+ oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io um+ ocm+no+
oc cstuoos c +n+||scs uc cons|oc|cm + +|t|cu|+io o+ csc+|+ u|b+n+ com + csc+|+ |cg|on+| c +
|ntc|o|sc|||n+||o+oc +|cm oc um+ ocm+no+ oc o||usio oo con|cc|mcnto uc +tcno+ +s ncccs-
s|o+ocs oos |o|mu|+oo|cs oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s c oos mov|mcntos soc|+|s |m s|ntcsc +m||+| +
|ntc||gcnc|+ com uc somos c++zcs oc +n+||s+| |oo| so|uocs c gc||| csscs os s|stcm+s u|b+-
nos-|cg|on+|s const|tu| ocm+no+ u|gcntc +|+ o s|stcm+ oc C| ^|gum+s |oost+s ob,ct|v+s
ncss+ o||cio sio
ô|+| + |o|m+io oc u+o|os com o |o|t+|cc|mcnto oos cu|sos oc |+nc,+mcnto u|b+-
no c |cg|on+| c|cnc|+s +mb|cnt+|s c out|os uc o|+|og+m com +s ucstocs tc|||to||+|s |+-
c|||t+noo c |omovcnoo +m|+ |ntcg|+io o|sc|||n+| n+s +|c+s +ns
||ovc| |c||+mcnt+s +|+ o |+nc,+mcnto c gcstio + cxcm|o oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc s|s-
tcm+s oc |n|o|m+io gco||c|c|cnc|+oos c++zcs oc |ovc| o+oos cm tcmo |c+| +|+ +
soc|co+oc c cm cscc|+| os tom+oo|cs oc occ|sio
^m||+| c |o|t+|ccc| |n|c|+t|v+s oc |ntc||o||z+io o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ tccn|co-c|cnt|c+ (un|-
vc|s|o+ocs ccnt|o oc || ||| |nst|tutos oc csu|s+ c out|os)
C||+| |unoo oc +o|o |m|cmcnt+io oc +gcno+s oc C| vo|t+o+s +os s|stcm+s |cg|o-
n+|s c u|b+nos sustcnt+vc|s

RPE 31 Parte2 Amarela

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Edio especial

+tc||tc c comut+oo| sio os +|tc|+tos o+ |cvo|uio c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+ n+ m|c|oc|ct|on|c+ c

C||+oo +|+ |o|mu|+| |oost+s |c+||st+s +|+ +bo|o+| + ucstio +mb|cnt+| c

|+|s |cccntcmcntc o |||| +ssou + ocnom|n+|-sc ||||+ +||+noo-sc + +ocs oc consc|v+io

|+sc+oo no ||nc||o o+ |csons+b|||o+oc comum m+s o||c|cn-

____________ ||ob|cm+t|z+noo os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s +|+ o |cscnvo|v|mcnto o+ ^m+zon|+ |n

||||||| ||| ^||| ^|||||| C | |^||^| | o c|t

C|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io Cono|io oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+ ^m+zon|+

|+|c |st|+t |o |s ||+s|||+-|| v n - ,u|-ocz

, Pedro Dantas Fernandes

, Roberto Germano Costa

e Rmulo Simes Csar Menezes

1ese central. ^ const|uio oc um+ o||t|c+ oc |st+oo oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ c + |nco|o|+io

1. Um rpido recorte da identidade regional

o um+ |cvo|uio c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+ +|+ + ^m+zon|+ ooc|+ |omovc| + v+|o||z+io oo

, Ima Clia Guimares Vieira

Local. ^c+ocm|+ ||+s||c||+ oc C|cnc|+s (^|C) - ||o oc |+nc||o

|csoc o ocscob||mcnto v+||+s oczcn+s oc cxco|ocs |o|+m |c|t+s o| c|cnt|st+s cst|+ngc||os

1. Situao atual relativa ao tema

|+ o |ccon|cc|mcnto gc|+| n+ ||tc|+tu|+ c|cnt|c+ oc uc c +|t+mcntc |m|ov+vc| uc +cn+s

) ^o mcsmo tcmo | | cm scto|cs ++|cntcmcn-

(CC n+ +b|cv|+io cm |ng|cs) +|+

ccno|og|+s c |+t|c+s c|+vc oc m|t|g+io o| scto|

|cmov|oo oc g+s n+tu|+|)

(CC n+ +b|cv|+io oo |ng|cs) cnvo|vcm o uso oc tccno-

bcm como o+s s|tu+ocs oc t|+nso|tc c +|m+zcn+mcnto

^ ||mc||+ tubu|+io oc |ong+ o|stnc|+ +|+ t|+nso|t+| CO

c mu|to s|m||+| uc|+ ut|||z+o+ +|+ t|+nso|tc oc g+s n+-

o| n+v|os ooc sc| cconom|c+mcntc m+|s

tcm uc sc| t|+nso|t+oo o| |ong+s o|stnc|+s O g+s

ooc sc| t|+nso|t+oo o| n+v|o oc |o|m+ s|m||+| (t||c+mcntc + ||+) m+s

;+no tcm s|oo c+tu|+o+s c +|m+zcn+o+s cm |o|m+-

c |n,ct+o+ +nu+|mcntc o| mc|o oc |ccuc|+io oc o|co (|O| n+ +b|cv|+io

ooc sc| |ct|oo como mco|o+ oc m|t|g+io o+ muo+n+ oo c||m+

cm |o|m+ocs gco|og|c+s |o|uno+s cnvo|vc mu|t+s o+s mcsm+s tccno|og|+s

oocm sc| |c+||z+oos tcnoo o| b+sc

u+noo +||c+oo cm |+nt+s |oouto|+s oc ct+no| |+|+ c+o+

o+ +tmos|c|+ c|o |occsso oc |otoss|ntcsc |c |+to + comb|n+io oo uso oc

o+ +tmos|c|+ (|c|c|cnc|+o+ como cm|ssocs

+tmos|c||co |cmov|oo c|+ b|om+ss+

cm|t|oo c|o |occsso oc |c|mcnt+io cm us|n+s |oouto|+s oc +uc+| c ct+no| no

c cm|t|oo |+t|c+mcntc ||v|c oc out|os g+scs

com +|to g|+u oc

tcnoo cm v|st+ uc + c+tu|+ uc const|tu| + ct++

gc|+oo c|o |occsso o+ |c|mcnt+io oo +uc+| Out|o |+to| os|t|vo c uc + tcmc-

ooc sc| c+tu|+o+ |s|n+s oc

ooc||+m sc| +|m+zcn+o+s +nu+|mcntc sc

c v+o| o+gu+ Obsc|v+-sc t+mbcm + |o|m+io oc

CO|||||||C | CO|||O C|^||^|^| | 'e sas:aoao':, c/ e:naoc' caa.:co /co saa

1. A urgncia das medidas de mitigao e adaptao

1. Evoluo e estado atual da ocupao do cerrado

^ mcs+-|coono+ |n|c|ou-sc s +;|oo sob + coo|ocn+io oo || |+|c|o |||+no+ tcnoo como

c +st+gcns c g|+m|nc+s cxot|c+s cm |m

com |utu|o |ncc|to c |ouvc| cx+nsio o+ |oouio cc|t+mcntc |+vc|+ cxt|nio

, Manoel Regis Lima Verde Leal

, Lus Augusto Barbosa Cortez

1. A aviao civil e o meio ambiente

o t|+nso|tc muno|+| +|t|c|+ com (b+sc )

no t|+nso|tc +c|co occo||c oo consumo oc combust|vc| c|+s +c|on+vcs c

cm cm com+|+io com os n|-

cm com+|+oo com o +no oc

+|+ + +tmos|c|+ ^s cm|ssocs |c|+c|on+o+s |oouio oc cnc|-

o| |m |oo+oo sc||+ somcntc um ouco mc-