Redd No Brasil Um Enfoque Amazônico

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ISBN 978-85-60755-39-4
2012
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Fundamentos, critrios e estruturas
institucionais para um regime nacional de
Reduo de Emisses por Desmatamento e
Degradao Florestal - REDD
3 Edio
Ministrio da
Cincia, Tecnologia
e Inovao
Centro de Gesto e Estudos Estratgicos
Cincia, Tecnologia e Inovao
|
8:+s|||+||
.01.
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
|uno+mcntosc||tc||osccst|utu|+s
|nst|tuc|on+|s+|+um|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc
|couiooc|m|ssocso||csm+t+mcnto
c|cg|+o+io||o|cst+|-||||
!|o|io
Centro de Gesto e Estudos Estratgicos (CGEE)
Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amaznia (IPAM)
Secretaria de Assuntos Estratgicos da Presidncia da Repblica (SAE/PR)
REDD no Brasil: um enfoque amaznico - Fundamentos, critrios e estruturas institucionais para um regime
nacional de Reduo de Emisses por Desmatamento e Degradao Florestal - Edio revista e atualizada
ISBN 978-85-60755-39-4
Esta publicao parte integrante das atividades desenvolvidas no mbito do Contrato Administrativo CGEE Estudos SAE/PR
15.2.3. Proposta de Parmetros Operacionais para Mecanismos de Cooperao Bilateral em REDD. 2009.
Todos os direitos reservados pelo Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazonia (IPAM), Centro de Gesto e Estudos Estratgicos
(CGEE) e Secretaria de Assuntos Estratgicos da Presidncia da Repblica (SAE/PR). Os textos contidos nesta publicao podero
ser reproduzidos, armazenados ou transmitidos, desde que citada fonte.
Impresso em 2011
C389r
REDD no Brasil: um enfoque amaznico: fundamentos, critrios
e estruturas institucionais para um regime nacional de Reduo de
Emisses por Desmatamento e Degradao Florestal REDD. 3 Edio
Braslia, DF : Centro de Gesto e Estudos Estratgicos, 2011.
156 p.; il, 24 cm
1. Mudana Climtica - Brasil. 2. Amaznia - Brasil. I. CGEE. II.
Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amaznia - IPAM. III. SAE/PR. IV. Ttulo.
CDU 551.588.7 (811)
CGEE
Presidente
Mariano Franscisco Laplane
Diretor Executivo
Marcio de Miranda Santos
Diretores
Antonio Carlos Filgueira Galvo
Fernando Cosme Rizzo Assuno
Gerson Gomes
IPAM
Presidente
Luiz Antonio Martinelli
Diretor Executivo
Paulo Moutinho
Conselho
Luiz Antonio Martinelli
Stephan Schwartzman
Adolpho Jos Melfi
Christine Padoch
Jos Benatti
Marina Silva
Mrio Prestes Monzoni Neto
Paulo Artaxo
Reynaldo Luiz Victoria
SAE/PR
Ministro
W. Moreira Franco
Secretrio de Desenvolvimento
Sustentvel
Alberto Loureno
Edio/Tatiana de Carvalho Pires Capa/Diogo Moraes Diagramao/Camila Maia
SCN Qd 2, Bl. A, Ed. Corporate Financial
Center sala 1102
70712-900 - Braslia, DF
Telefone: (61) 3424.9600
http://www.cgee.org.br
Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental
da Amaznia
SHIN CA-5, lote J2 Bloco J2, salas 304-309,
Lago Norte 71503-505 - Braslia, DF
Telefone: (91) 3283.4355
http://www.ipam.org.br
Secretaria de Assuntos Estratgicos da
Presidncia da Repblica
Esplanada dos Ministrios, bloco O,
7, 8 e 9 andares
70052-900 - Braslia, DF
http://www.sae.gov.br/site/
REDD no Brasil: um enfoque amaznico
Fundamentos, critrios e estruturas institucionais para um regime nacional de
Reduo de Emisses por Desmatamento e Degradao Florestal - REDD
!|o|io
Superviso
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Autores IPAM
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Prefcio
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^^|;||tcm|nvcst|g+ooou+sucstocsb+s|c+sucmoctcmoc+|bonon+^m+zon|+Comoum
mc|c+oooccomcns+ioc+|bono|unc|on+||+n+|cg|iocscc|+|mcntccons|oc|+noo+so||c|cn+s
nousoo+so|cst+snoso|vc|soscst+oos+m+zon|coscomoo|cxcm|ono^m++(comu+sc
too+s+ssu+so|cst+s+|no+|nt+ct+s)ccm|onoon|+(uc,+c|ocum+|soc|o/ocsu+cobc|tu|+
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b+||o|ooccst|utu|+s|nst|tuc|on+|scoco|st||bu|ioocbcnc||c|oscmto|noo+su+|soocb+-
tcsob|c+s+|tc|n+t|v+s^m+zon|+ooc|csu|t+|cmcsco||+sucbcncc|cm+sgc|+ocs+tu+|sc
|utu|+s
Mariano Francisco Laplane W. Moreira Franco
Presidente CGEE Ministro SAE/PR
Nota dos Autores
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c|mcntoocumocscnvo|v|mcntocconom|coocb+|x+cm|ssioocc+|bono|moosc+m|n|osm+|s
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(g|ioscc+|nc)o|cxcm|osom+o++os|nvcst|mcntoscm|n||+cst|utu|+(||og|+m+oc^cc|c|+io
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tosno|utu|oto|n+nooo|||c||ocum||mcntoc|o+|socsu+smct+soc|couiooccm|ssocscs-
t+bc|cc|o+sc|+|||C
Comocont||bu|ioconst|uioocum+cst|+tcg|+oc||||+|+o||+s||o|nst|tutooc|csu|s+
^mb|cnt+|o+^m+zon|+(||^|)com+o|oo+cc|ct+||+oc^ssuntos|st|+tcg|coso+||cs|ocnc|+
o+ |cub||c+ (^|;||) c oo Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||) |oouz|u cst+ ob|+
uccontcm+|gunsoos|uno+mcntoso||t|cos|nst|tuc|on+|stccn|coscoc|+c|on+|s+|+um|cg|-
mcoc|||||+|scscc|c+mcntcoob,ct|vo|o|sc|cc|on+|c+n+||s+|+soocsoc+||+n,os|nst|tu-
c|on+|scoc|+c|on+|s+|+um|cg|mcoc||||ou+||nc|u+csucm+soco|st||bu|ioocbcnc||-
c|oscucoss+sc|v||ocb+sc+|+um+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|^|cg|io+m+zon|c+cont||bu|com+
m+|o|+|tco+scm|ssocsn+c|on+|sco||ssoo|c|+to||ocn|oc+cst++|c+
PARTE I - Emisses por desmatamento tropical e o papel da
Amaznia brasileira
^so|cst+st|o|c+|ssio+|m+zcnsg|g+ntcsocc+|bonoucsc|otcg|o+s+ux|||+|ionocont|o|c
oo+ucc|mcntog|ob+||ocnt+nto+scm|ssocsocC||o||uno+sooocsm+t+mcntococg|+o+io
ocss+so|cst+scont|nu+mcmn|vc|sc|cv+oosomcntcoocsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+||+s||c||+
co||csonoc+m+|so+mct+ocootot+|cm|t|ooo|cst+v|+c|o||+s||cmcsmocom+s|cccntcs
uco+s n+s t+x+s oc ocst|u|io o+ o|cst+ o +|s +|no+ ||oc|+ t+| |+n||ng Contuoo + ^m+zon|+
+|no++|cscnt+-sccomoom+|o|b|ocoocvcgct+iot|o|c+||cm+ncsccntcccont|nu+oomunoo
cm+|socso/ocsu+cxtcnsio+|no+sccncont|+|csc|v+o+O||+s||+b||g+eo/ocst+||ucz+^
|cg|ioct+mbcmcons|oc|+o+og|+nocbc|oo+b|oo|vc|s|o+oc|+nct+||++b||g+noom+|soc.o/
o+scscc|cstc||cst|cscon|cc|o+sc+|cscnt+-sccomoc+|uno+mcnt+|+|+ocu|||b||oc||m+t|-
co|cg|on+|cg|ob+|(|cgu|+ioocc|uv+sn+|cg|iom|t|g+iooo+ucc|mcntog|ob+|)
^comb|n+ioococsm+t+mcntocomo+v+nooo+ucc|mcntooo|+nct+ooc|++umcnt+|+s
cm|ssocsocC||o||ogoO+umcnton+||cucnc|+c|ntcns|o+ococc||ooosocscc+com|cou-
ocsnovo|umcocc|uv+o+o|ocmoc.o-,o/ooc|iosc|comunsno|utu|ocmcc|t+s|cg|ocso+
^m+zon|+^|cmocc||ooosocscc+m+|s|ntcns++cx|o|+ioocso|ocn+o+oc|ccu|soso|cst+|s
+,uo++c|cv+|+|n+m+b|||o+oco+vcgct+ioobcss+nov+o|ocmc||m+t|c+|cg|on+|ocmob|c-
c|mcntoo+o|cst+ooc|+sc|ntcns|c+|cu|m|n+noonum|occssoococg|+o+ioo|cst+|uc
ooc|+|cv+|s+v+n|z+ioocbo++|tco+|cg|io
|mbo|++|t+mcntcto|c|+ntcssscc+s+so|cst+so+^m+zon|+scsubmct|o+s+cst|+gcns|o|on-
g+o+sooc|iocnt|+|cmco|+soo+noo|n|c|o+um|occssoococg|+o+ioscmvo|t+|ssc|o-
ccssoococg|+o+ioo|cst+|sc|++|no+m+|s|ntcnsosc+cx+nsiooc|oouioocg|ioscc+|nc
+ocm+no+o|b|combust|vc|scos|nvcst|mcntoscm|n||+cst|utu|+cont|nu+|cmnum+t|+,cto||+
+sccnocntc con|o|mc + |cg|st|+o+ nos u|t|mos +nos +cs+| o+s osc||+ocs c uco+s |cccntcs n+s
t+x+sococsm+t+mcnto
O ocsm+t+mcnto n+ |cg|io cnt|ct+nto ,+ nio ooc sc| cnc+|+oo somcntc como um |ccxo o+
cconom|+n+c|on+|coc|nvcst|mcntosgovc|n+mcnt+|s|t+mbcmum|occssog|ob+||z+oo||s-
to||c+mcntccx|stcum+|c|+iocst|c|t+cnt|cocsm+t+mcntococ|csc|mcntooo||oouto|ntc|no
||uto(|||)+m+zon|cou+ntom+|o|oc+|t+|o|son|vc|n+cconom|++m+zon|c+oumcsmon+-
c|on+|m+|o|sc|+onumc|ooc|nvcst|mcntos(|n||+cst|utu|++g||cu|tu|+cccu+||+)govc|n+mcn-
t+|s ou ||v+oos n+ ^m+zon|+ uc ocm+no+m + oc||ub+o+ oc +|c+s oc o|cst+ ou |csu|t+m cm
ocsm+t+mcnto^+tu+||cssioo|cx+nsioocnov+s+|c+soccu|t|vonomunooc+c|csccntc
ocm+no+ o| |ooutos +m+zon|cos como + c+|nc bov|n+ |oouz|o+ com tccno|og|+ oc ont+
ooc|iogc|+|um|o|tcocsm+t+mcntono|utu|occo|oc+|cm||scoosbcnc||c|os+|c+n+oosc|+s
|cccntcsuco+sn+st+x+sococsm+t+mcntoo|cst+|
|+su|t|m+sou+socc+o+soocsm+t+mcnto+m+zon|cotcms|oocomb+t|ooo|mcc+n|smosoc
com+nooccont|o|c(sc+||z+ioc|ct|v+|cg|s|+io+mb|cnt+||obust+ccoc|cntcc|cscn+oo|s-
t+oocm+|c+s|cmot+so+|cg|io)ucsio|mo|t+ntcscocvcmsc|+||mo|+oosm+scont|nu+m
|nsuc|cntcs|cm+nc||+m+|sgc|+|ooc-sco|zc|uc+|couiooumcsmo+cxt|nioooocsm+-
t+mcnton+^m+zon|+nioscconc|ct|z+ocv|oo||+g|||o+oco+govc|n+n+o|so|st+oo+|no+c
+uscntcn+|cg|io|+|+o|m+oocsm+t+mcnto+m+zon|cocst+govc|n+n+ocvc||+sccst+bc-
|ccc| +ntcs oos |nvcst|mcntos cm |n||+cst|utu|+ os u+|s cst|mu|+m nov+s oc||ub+o+s ôcs oc
govc|n+n+ comb|n+o+s + um+ o||t|c+ oc |nccnt|vos c comcns+ocs o| |cst+io oc sc|v|os
+mb|cnt+|smco|+o+so|ummcc+n|smocomoo||||ooc||+m+|tc|+|o|umo||sto||cooooc-
scnvo|v|mcntocc|csc|mcntocconom|coo+|cg|io
PARTE II - REDD: oportunidade para uma nova economia orestal
ô|nm|c+o+cconom|+g|ob+||c|+c|on+o++g|o|noust||+cmcsmo|oouiooccucnos+g||-
cu|to|cs|no|c+uc+o|cst+sosc|+m+nt|o+cmcu+nooocustoocsu+oc||ub+o+ouosg+n|os
comsu+consc|v+ioscto|n+|cmm+|o|csooucog+n|ootcnc|+|com+su+convc|sio+|+ou-
t|osusoscmucb|+|css+|c|+ioconsc|v+|g|+nocs+|c+scomo|cst+st|o|c+|ssc|+um+t+|c-
|+o|||c|||cstcscnt|ooomcc+n|smocconom|com+|sooc|oso+|+n+nc|+|o||t|c+sucv|scm
consc|v+ioocg|+nocscxtcnsocsoco|cst+st|o|c+|st+|vczcstc,+c+|c+oocmcommoo|t|cs
niov|s|vc|sm+s|c+|st+|scomoossc|v|os+mb|cnt+|s|cst+oosc|+o|cst+cmc|ostcmos
+tu+|soc+ucc|mcntog|ob+|osc|v|o+mb|cnt+|m+|sv+||osococm+|o|+|c+ncc+|+|o|nccc|um
v+|o|cconom|coconsc|v+ioo|cst+|+|cccsc|omcc+n|smooc|||||stcmcc+n|smoscbcm
+|ovc|t+ooooc|+|c|cscnt+|+b+scocum+nov+cconom|+|u|+|ucnioocm+nocnovosocs-
m+t+mcntoscucgc|co|v|s+s+|+o+|s
|noccnocntco++|cn+oco|scussio|couz||cm|ssocsocC||o|ocsm+t+mcntoocvccontuoo
scgu||+|guns||nc||os|uno+mcnt+|suc|omov+msustcnt+ionioso+um|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc
||||m+st+mbcmuccontcm|cmoscs|o|osocconsc|v+ioc|couioococsm+t+mcntocm
csc+|+s|oc+|sc|cg|on+|s
^s|oost+s+|+||||nocontcxtoo+|||CCC|o|+m+sucm+|s+v+n+|+mn+su|t|m+sCon-
|c|cnc|+so+s|+|tcs(CO|s)cscc|+|mcntc++|t||o+CO|oc|+||(CO|+,)|c+||z+o+n+|nooncs|+
cmoczcmb|ooc.ooe|cstccontcxtoo||+s||cncont|+-sccmos|io||v||cg|+o++|+cx|o|+|o
otcnc|+|ocummc|c+oooc||||c|os|m|cs|+tooc|cun||cono|ocstccno|og|c+so||t|c+sso-
c|+|sccm|cs+||+|s+|+t|+zc|govc|n+n+^m+zon|+|o+|sooc|++ss|mcxc|cc|um+c||un-
o+mcnt+|nomb|to|ntc|n+c|on+|sccst|vc|o|sosto++v+n+|n+cst|utu|+ioocum+t+t|c++|+
um|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||ucoss+sc|v||ocmooc|o+|+out|os+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcnto
Omcc+n|smooc||||ooc|+c||+|um+cconom|+muno|+|o|nm|c+sc|cgu|+ooo|um+co|oo
c||m+t|co |ntc|n+c|on+| os .o+. +no cm uc no+ o ||mc||o c||ooo oc com|om|sso oo ||o-
toco|oocu|otoOs|csu|t+oosobt|oos|cccntcmcntcou|+ntc+CO|+,c|cun|oosno^co|oooc
Cocn|+guc+ont+mncst+o||cio|numc|os|unoosn+ncc||osvo|t+oosc++c|t+iooc+|scs
+|+mon|to|+mcntoccont|o|cooocsm+t+mcntocstiosu|g|noocv+||os,+cstiocmoc|+io
+|s |unoos sc|io |uno+mcnt+|s +|+ uc cxc||cnc|+s sc,+m co|oc+o+s cm |+t|c+ c uc |cg|mcs
n+c|on+|soc||||oss+msc|congu|+oosc|cgu|+mcnt+oosO+v+no|+|ooo+so|scussocsso-
b|c||||nomb|too+|||CCC|no|c+uc+scm|ssocs|csu|t+ntcso+oc||ub+o+oco|cst+s|c-
v|+mcntcniocons|oc|+o+sc|o||otoco|oocu|otocncont|+m+go|+cs+o+|+sc|cmo|scu-
t|o+so|n+ocsocscnvo|v|o+sccmocscnvo|v|mcntocsc|iot|+t+o+scomocst+ucno|ox|mo
+co|oosob|coc||m+|noo+|cmo+|||CCCmov|mcntoscm+|scsocscnvo|v|ooscomoos||^
uc+v+||+m+t|+vcsocscuCong|csso|+c|on+|+|m|cmcnt+ioocummcc+n|smon+c|on+|oc
||m|t+iooccm|ssocscstiocvo|u|noo|+|o+mcntccoocmtc|no||||um+s+|o++|+o|m|nu||
oscustosoc|couiooccm|ssocsocC||cmscustc|||to||os^|no++||+n+scnt|ccst+ooscomoo
CC|ooc|ioc||+|osmc|osuc|cmunc|cm+|couiooccm|ssocs|csu|t+ntcsooocsm+t+mcnto
PARTE III - Uma estratgia nacional de REDD para o Brasil:
os elementos j existentes
Como|+n+mcntooo||+no|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+++|ov+ioo+|c|+.+s;;o,.uc
|nst|tu|u+|o||t|c+|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+c+scxc||cnc|+s+ov|no+soo|unoo^m+zo-
n|+o||+s||co|ocou-sccmum+os|ioocv+ngu+|o+cocc|cg|b|||o+occm|c|+io+o|utu|omc-
c+n|smooc||||ôcm+|soscst+ooso+^m+zon|+|cg+||+n+|+mt+mbcmscus|o||os|+nos
+|+cont|o|+|oocsm+t+mcntoc+|gunsoc|cs(|+|+|+toC|osso^c|cc^m+zon+s)cst+bc|ccc-
|+mmct+su+nt|t+t|v+soc|couioococsm+t+mcntoc|+noscst+ou+|s+|+|||||stccontcxto
con|c|c+o||+s||+c++c|o+ococncgoc|+ionomb|too+|||CCC|nc|u|noo+|ocst+bc|cc|mcn-
toocmct+sob||g+to||+sm+|s+mb|c|os+so|+|tcoos+|scsocscnvo|v|oosnum+co|ooos.o+.
cocconst|u||su+|o||+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|oc||||
Out|osc|cmcntos|mo|t+ntcsucg+|+ntcmnoto||co+oc+o||+s||notcm+oc||||sioo|+n+-
mcntoc|oCong|csso|+c|on+|ocum|o,ctooc|c|(,,se;.oo,)+|+|nst|tu||+|couioCc|t|-
c+o+occm|ssocsooocsm+t+mcntoco+ocg|+o+iouccst+cm|occssoocvot+io+|cmo+s
|n|c|+t|v+soccont|o|csoc|+|t|+ouz|o+sc|ocst+bc|cc|mcntoooObsc|v+to||oooC||m+om+o+s
cc|+|o+os|numc|os|o,ctos||otosoc||||cs+||+oosc|o||+s||ucvcmo+noo|no|c|osoc
ucomcc+n|smooocsc|um++|tc|n+t|v+v|+vc|+|++consc|v+ioo+o|cst+cmcc+v+|o|+-
ioocscusmu|t||osco-bcnc||c|os
PARTE IV - Uma estratgia nacional de REDD para o Brasil:
os fundamentos
|||||cc|s+sc|umoos|nst|umcntosuccomocmum+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|+|++|c+ncco+smct+s
oc|couioooocsm+t+mcntocst+bc|cc|o+sn+|||COm+|o|ocs+oo|t+nto+|+o||+s||coc-
n||c|+|+mcntcsu+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|c+m+nc||+c|+u+|um|ov+vc||cg|mcsc|+|cgu|+mcnt+oo
|+|+ suc|+| cssc ocs+o +|guns |uno+mcntos ocvc|io sc| obsc|v+oos u+noo o+ const|uio oc
um|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||uc+ux|||cn+cst|utu|+ioc|m|cmcnt+ioc|ct|v+o+|||Cc|cvc
o+|s+um+nov+o|nm|c+cconom|c+ocb+|x+cm|ssioocc+|bonoOsocz|uno+mcntos+|+um
|cg|mcn+c|on+|sio(+)oc|+|num+csc+|+n+c|on+|(.)sc||csgu+|o+ooo|um+|cg|s|+ioo|cst+|
c+mb|cnt+|c|ct|v+cc|m+ncntc(,)|nco|o|+|os|+noscst+ou+|soc|couioococsm+t+mcn-
toooscst+oos(ncstcc+soos+m+zon|cos)(|)o|st||bu||osbcnc||c|oscm|unioooscs|o|osoc
|couiooccm|ssocs(uxo)cocconsc|v+ioo|cst+|(cstouc)(,)cst+bc|ccc||cv|+mcntcucm
sioosbcncc|+||osoo|cg|mcoc||||(e)|omovc|um+|c+|t|io,ust+cu|t+t|v+cc||tc||os+
oosbcnc||c|osoc||||(;)|csc|t+|o||c|tosoosovoso+o|cst+(s)nioocscons|oc|+|ootcn-
c|+|oc|nvcst|mcntov|+mc|c+ooocc+|bono(,)cst+bc|ccc|ums|stcm+ucoocumcntc|cg|st|c
ccomun|uc+s|couocsn+cm|ssioocc+|bonoc(+o)|nvcst||os|ccu|soso||unoosoc||||cm
+ocsco||t|c+s|ntcg|+o+s+|++|couioococsm+t+mcntoconsc|v+ioo|cst+|cno+||mo|+-
mcntooo|o||o|cg|mc
PARTE V - Uma estratgia nacional de REDD para o Brasil:
modelos e estruturas institucionais
|+|++|m|cmcnt+ioocum|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||,ustocc|ct|voniob+st+|++cn+s|omovc|
um+o|st||bu|ioocscusbcnc||c|oscm|unioo+cont||bu|io|couiooccm|ssocsc|+ncccss+-
||ov+|o||z+|oscs|o|osocconsc|v+ioooscstoucso|cst+|smcsmo+uc|cs|oc+||z+ooscm+|c+s
|cmot+scscm+mc++ococsm+t+mcntoC+socont|+||oosbcnc||c|osoc||||sc|iosomcntcocs-
t|n+oosuc|csucocsm+t+|+mmu|tono+ss+oocucno|cscntccstio|couz|noosu+scm|ssocs
|o|s mooc|os cst|utu|+|s +|+ um |cg|mc n+c|on+| oc |||| sio |oostos oc mooo + +como-
o+|cm t+nto os |ccu|sos o||unoos oc |unoos ub||cos (oo+ocs) como t+mbcm oc um mc|c+oo
m+no+to||oouvo|unt+||o(c|co|tosocc+|bono)ôcm+|scstio+o|+oosn+smct+soc|couiooc
ocsm+t+mcntocst+bc|cc|o+sc|+|||C+|++^m+zon|+
Modelo 1-|ooc+|m|cmcnt+ioocs|stcm+scst+ou+|soc||||ucoc|cmsob+|cgu|+io
comon|to|+mcntooogovc|no|coc|+|+t|+vcsocums|stcm+|coc|+|oc||||cst+bc|cc|oocm
conco|onc|+comos|oos|toso+|||C|cst+|o|m+oscst+oos|cccbc||+mcomcns+ocs-
n+ncc||+so||uno+so+|couiooccm|ssocsn+^m+zon|+cons|oc|+noo-sct|csc||tc||os|uno+mcn-
t+|s(+)+cont||bu|io+|++|couiooccm|ssocs(uxo)numc||ooooctc|m|n+oo(.)ocstouc
oco|cst+cx|stcntccmscustc|||to||osc(,)oocscmcn|onocum||mcntoo+smct+scst+ou+|s
oc|couioococsm+t+mcnto|cv|+mcntc+ssum|o+s
Modelo 2-cons|oc|++cont||bu|iooco||c|cntcsc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+s(tc||+s|no|gcn+sun|o+ocs
occonsc|v+ioc|csc|v+scxt|+t|v|st+s+sscnt+mcntos|u|+|sc+stc||+sub||c+snioocst|n+o+s+s-
soc|+o+s+|o||co+ocs||v+o+s)n+|couioo+scm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcnto^ss|m+o|st||bu|-
iooosbcnc||c|ossc||+|c+||z+o+cm|unioo+cont||bu|io|oo|c|on+|occ+o+c+tcgo||++|+
+ |couio oo ocsm+t+mcnto c consc|v+io oo cstouc oc o|cst+ |unoos |c|+c|on+oos + c+o+
um+ocss+sc+tcgo||+ssc||+mconst|tu|ooscoc|+oosocnt|oocums|stcm+|coc|+|oc||||com
++|t|c|+ioocumcom|tcoucom|ssioconst|tu|o+o||c|cscnt+ntcso+soc|co+oc(cnt|o+ocs
|c|cscnt+t|v+smov|mcntossoc|+|scm|cs+||osctc)
|+|+ +|ovc|t+| + oo|tun|o+oc oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sob um+ nov+ o|ocm cconom|c+ oc b+|x+
cm|ssioocc+|bonoos+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcntooctcnto|csoco|cst+socvcmcst+||c+|+oos
|nst|tuc|on+|mcntc+|+const|u||scus|cg|mcsn+c|on+|soc||||ocum+|o|m+c|ct|v+ct|+ns+-
|cntc|cn+o++o|+nt+|+o||+s|||omcnt+|oocscnvo|v|mcntooc|numc|os|o,ctos||||scmuc
cstcscstc,+m|cgu|+ooscsubmct|oos+um|cg|mcn+c|on+|ucos|ccon|c+ocm+nc||+o|ocn+-
o+|ocv|oo+|ssouccss+o|scussiosob|c+o|st||bu|io,ust+cu|t+t|v+c+||n|+o++|||Csc|+z
tioncccss+||+
Consideraes nais
O||+s||+|cscnt+-sccomoo+|sm+|sbcm|c+|+oo+|+oc|+|um|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||
cot+|o|cst+bc|ccc|t+||cg|mccst+|++b||noooo|tun|o+ocs|mcns+s+|++|omoioocum
ocscnvo|v|mcntocconom|cosobum+ot|c+ocb+|x+cm|ssioocc+|bonococv+|o||z+ioocsu+s
o|cst+s c oc too+ + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc uc nc|+s cstio ocos|t+o+s |um munoo cm +ucc|mcnto
cont|nuo|+zc|cst+oio+go|+ooc|+t|+zc|v+nt+gcns|utu|+ss|gn|c+t|v+s|nc|us|vccconom|-
c+s|+|+t+ntoum|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||ocvc|+|ntcg|+|+ocsn+c|on+|sc|cg|on+|s(cst+ou+|s)
|cn+o++o|+nt+|+o||+s||+co||c||numc|os|o,ctos|oc+|s||||comovcmscnoo+tcnocnc|+
scmuccstcscstc,+m|cgu|+ooscsubmct|oos+um|cg|mcn+c|on+|ucos|ccon|c+ocm+nc||+
o|ocn+o+cuccont||bu+m+|+ocum||mcntooosob,ct|voso+|||C
Agradecimentos
Os +uto|cs +g|+occcm + C+|mcm ||v|+ Co||c+ |ucno ^|bc|to |ou|cno |co|o |uc+s o+ C
| ^|+u,o |+u|+ |o|c||+ |c|n|+|o | m|o ||||+ ||nto ||c+|oo |cttm+nn ^no|c |+|u| ^no|c+
C+tt+nco |u||+n+ |cnoo|c |monc |+zc| ^n+ C+|o||n+ C||sostomo ^nton|o C+||os |||guc||+
C+|vio |+u|o |||cs |+||+no Ccn+mo |+|cc|o t+b||c C|+uo|+ t|c||c| |ng||o |n|mbu c +m||
|cnocsc|+s|numc|+scv+||os+scont||bu|ocs+om+nusc||toOs+uto|cst+mbcm+g|+occcm+o
+o|oo+cc|ct+||+oc^ssuntos|st|+tcg|coso+||cs|ocnc|+o+|cub||c+(^|;||)cooCcnt|ooc
Ccstioc|stuoos|st|+tcg|cos(CC||)ucoss|b|||t+|+m+ub||c+ioocstcvo|umcC|+noc+|tc
oocontcuooocst+ob|+|csu|t+oosv+||os|o,ctos|c+||z+oosnosu|t|mos+nosc|o||^|como
+o|o o+s |uno+ocs |oo|c |+c|+|o c C||m+tc\o||s c t+mbcm o+ |coc ||+s||c||+ oc |csu|s+s
sob|c|uo+n+sC||m+t|c+sC|ob+|s(|cocC||m+)oo||n|stc||oo+C|cnc|+ccno|og|+c|nov+io
(|C|)
Lista de Siglas
^|^|c+s||otcg|o+s
^|^cm|ng|cs^mc||c+n|owc|^ct
^||^|c+s||otcg|o+s|c|m+ncntcs
|||||+nco|+c|on+|oc|cscnvo|v|mcnto|conom|cococ|+|
C-||||s|m|ssiooccc|t|c+oosoc||||
CC|cm|ng|csCommun|tyC||m+tc+no||oo|vc|s|tyt+no+|o
CCXcm|ng|csC||c+goC||m+tc|xc|+ngc
C||Cc|t|c+oosoc|couiooccm|ssio
CC||Ccnt|oocCcstioc|stuoos|st|+tcg|cos
C||cm|ng|csCommun|ty|noccnocnt|+ns+ct|on|og
CO.C+sC+|bon|co
CO|||Cont||bu|io+|+||n+nc|+mcntoo+cgu||o+ococ|+|
CO|Con|c|cnc|+o+s|+|tcs(cm|ng|csCon|c|cncco||+|t|cs)
C||Cont||bu|iooc|+|sob|co|uc|o||u|oo
|||||stcm+ococtccioococsm+t+mcntocmtcmo|c+|
||^^gcnc|+oc||otcio^mb|cnt+|^mc||c+n+(cm|ng|cs|nv||onmcnt+|||otcct|on^gcncy)
||stcm+ocComc|c|oocC+|bono|u|ocu(cm|ng|cs|u|oc+n|+o|ngc|cmc)
||^|st+oos|n|ooso+^mc||c+
|C||cm|ng|cs|o|cstC+|bon|+|tnc|s|||+c|||ty
|||C|unoo|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+
|||uno+io|+c|on+|oc+uoc
CC|-|o|+-+|c|+ocCovc|n+oo|cssob|cC||m+c||o|cst+(cm|ng|csCovc|no|sC||m+tc+no|o|cst+s||o|cc)
C||C+scsoc||c|to|stu|+
C^C|uooc|+b+||o^m+zon|co
Cz^gcnc|+ocCooc|+ioccn|c+^|cmi
|+|cct+|cs
||^|^|nst|tuto||+s||c||ooc|c|o^mb|cntcc|ccu|sos|+tu|+|s|cnov+vc|s
||C||nst|tuto||+s||c||oocCcog|++c|st+t|st|c+
|C|m|cmcnt+iocon,unt+(cm|ng|cs|||o|nt|m|cmcnt+t|on)
|C||mostosob|c+c||cu|+ioocmc|c+oo||+scsc|v|os
||C|^|nst|tuto|+c|on+|ocCo|on|z+ioc|c|o|m+^g|+||+
||||no|ccoc|cscnvo|v|mcnto|um+no
||^||O|^|nst|tutooc|+nc,ocCc|t|c+io||o|cst+|c^g||co|+
|||||nst|tuto|+c|on+|oc|csu|s+s|s+c|+|s
|||^|n|c|+t|v+oc|ntcg|+ioo+|n||+cst|utu|+|cg|on+|u|-+mc||c+n+
||^||nst|tutooc|csu|s+^mb|cnt+|o+^m+zon|+
||CC|+|nc||ntc|govc|n+mcnt+|oc|uo+n+sC||m+t|c+s(cm|ng|cs|ntc|govc|nmcnt+||+nc|onC||m+tcC|+ngc)
|||no|ccocustcnt+b|||o+oc|m|cs+||+|o+|o|s+ocV+|o|csocio|+u|o
||mostosob|cc|v|os
|g|||og|+m+
|mu||omct|o
|^|^||n|stc||oo+^g||cu|tu|+|ccu+||+c^b+stcc|mcnto
|||||c|c+oo||+s||c||ooc|couiooc|m|ssocs
|C||n|stc||oo+C|cnc|+cccno|og|+
|C|||n|stc||oo+C|cnc|+ccno|og|+c|nov+io
||V|c+su||ng|co|t|ng+noVc||c+t|on
|^|^sôcsoc||t|g+io|+c|on+|mcntc+|o||+o+s(cm|ng|cs|+t|on+||y+|o||+tcm|t|g+t|on+ct|ons)
O|CsO|g+n|z+ocsniogovc|n+mcnt+|s
|^C||og|+m+oc^cc|c|+ioooC|csc|mcnto
|^||+no^m+zon|+ustcnt+vc|
|||||og|+m+|o|s+||o|cst+
|||||oouto|ntc|no||uto
||||og|+m+oc|ntcg|+iooc|+|
||||o,ctooc|c|
|||C|o||t|c+|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+
|O||csu|s+ocO|+mcntos|+m|||+|cs
||C|||+nosoc||cvcniocCont|o|coo|csm+t+mcnto
||||+|tcso|m|||io
||O||||og|+m+ocC+|cu|ooo|cso|cst+mcntoo+^m+zon|+
|C||||couiocc|t|c+o+occm|ssocsooocsm+t+mcntoco+ocg|+o+io
|||||couiooc|m|ssocso||csm+t+mcntoc|cg|+o+ioo|cst+|
|||X|csc|v+|xt|+t|v|st+
|||csc|v+|cg+|
|Ô|gioubs|o|+||oocConsu|t+C|cnt|c+cccno|og|c+(cm|ng|csubs|o|+|y|ooy|o|c|cnt|c+nocc|no|og|c+|ôv|cc)
|||cc|ct+||+|scc|+|oc|cscnvo|v|mcnto|conom|cooo|st+oo
||^cc|ct+||+|st+ou+|oc|c|o^mb|cntc
||stcm+|n|cooc+uoc
tConc|+o+occ+|bono
|+x+ococsm+t+mcnto
||+x+ococsm+t+mcntomco|o
|c||+s|no|gcn+s
|C|n|o+ococConsc|v+io
|||n|io|u|oc|+
|||CCCConvcnio-u+o|oo+s|+ocs|n|o+ssob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+(cm|ng|cs|n|tco|+t|ons||+mcwo||Convcnt|onon
C||m+tcC|+ngc)
VCcm|ng|csVo|unt+|yC+|bont+no+|o
z||szonc+mcntos|conom|co|co|og|co
z||zonc+mcntooc|o-|conom|coc|co|og|co
Sumrio
Apresentao .!
PARTE I .
Emisses por desmatamento tropical e o papel da Amaznia brasileira .
PARTE II !
REDD: Oportunidade para uma nova economia florestal !
PARTE III
Uma estratgia nacional de REDD para o Brasil: os elementos j existentes
PARTE IV c
Uma estratgia nacional de REDD para o Brasil: os fundamentos c
PARTE V 10
Uma estratgia nacional de REDD para o Brasil: modelos e estruturas
institucionais 10
Consideraes finais 1.1
Anexos 1!1
23
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Apresentao
|+ c conscnso uc +|+ cv|t+| +s |ntc||c|cnc|+s c||gos+s no s|stcm+ c||m+t|co g|ob+| o ob,ct|vo
||m+||oo+Convcniou+o|oo+s|+ocs|n|o+ssob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+(|||CCC)^|t|go.
+
-oocsm+t+mcnto
i
t|o|c+|ocvc|+sc|o|+st|c+mcntc|couz|oo(||CC.oo;|++oc|+|||||CCC
CO|+,)^nu+|mcntccc|c+ocos1o.+..1osb|||ocsoctonc|+o+socc+|bonoo||uno+sooocs-
m+t+mcntosio||bc|+oos+|+++tmos|c|++o-,,/o+scm|ssocsg|ob+|socc+|bono(^c|+|oct+|.oo.
|c|||csct+|.oo.|oug|ton.oo,||CC.oo;|cuc|cct+|.oo,)umvo|umccu|v+|cntccm|ssio
+nu+|oos||^|+|+ucsc,+oss|vc|m+ntc|+conccnt|+ioocCO
.
+tmos|c||co+b+|xooc|,om
(m-+|tcso|m|||io)+conccnt|+io+tu+|coc,;,m(||CC.oo;)ouum+tcmc|+tu|+
g|ob+|+b+|xooc.g|+usCc|s|us
+tc.+ooocmooo+cv|t+|+st+|s|ntc||c|cnc|+sc||gos+ssc|+ncccss+-
||ouc+|couiooccm|ssiog|ob+|sc,+o+o|ocmoc.-,/+o+notcnoooscu|n|c|o,+cm.o+o(Onc|||
Ocn|c|mc|.oo.||zcn|c|ns|+uscn.oo,)|cstcc+so+|+niou|t|++ss+|os|,omos
n|vc|soccm|ssiocm.o,oocvc|iosc|nom|n|mooc+,-.,/+b+|xoo+uc|cs|cg|st|+ooscm+,,o
(||zcn |c|ns|+uscn .oo,) cm |couocs no scto| o|cst+| no cnt+nto o +umcnto +o|c|on+| n+
conccnt|+ioocCO
.
sc|+o+o|ocm,om+tc.+oocoo+nocconom|co|csu|t+ntco+scm|ssocsoc
ocsm+t+mcntoooc|+c|cg+|c+s+oos+.t||||ocsocoo|+|cscm..oo(|||+sc||cv|cw.oos)^ss|m
oocc|csc|moo|+st|coc|+|ooo+ocst|u|ioo+so|cst+st|o|c+|sc+|tc|uno+mcnt+|oocs|o|ooc
|couiog|ob+|occm|ssocsocg+scsocc|c|tocstu|+(C||)C+socont|+||osc|+mu|toouco|ov+vc|
+cx|stcnc|+ocum++tmos|c|+m|n|m+mcntccst+vc|no|utu|o
|cstccontcxtoo||+s||ooc|+|+zc|um+cont||bu|iosubst+nc|+|m|t|g+ioo+muo+n+c||-
m+t|c+g|ob+|sc|couz||su+scm|ssocsocC||o||uno+sococsm+t+mcnto(,,-e,/o+scm|ssocs
n+c|on+|s)c+omcsmotcmo+|ovc|t+|+|+c||+|+sb+scs+|+oscuocscnvo|v|mcntoccono-
m|coocb+|x+cm|ssioocc+|bono|moosc+m|n|osm+|s|om|sso|cs+|+scc|cg+|+t+|ocscn-
vo|v|mcntoc+uc|c+tu+|mcntccmocb+tcnomb|too+|||CCCc|ocnt|c+ooc|+s|g|+||||
1 Oob,ct|von+|o+Convcniocooc+|c+n+:.cmcon|o:m|o+occom+so|s,os|cs,c:t|ncntcsocst+Convcnio.+cst+-
b|||z+ioo+sconccnt:+csocg+scsocc|c|tocstu|+n++tmos|c:+numn|vc|uc|m,c+um+|ntc:|c:cnc|++nt:o,|c+,c:|gos+no
s|stcm+c||m+t|co
2 |cn|oo+u|como:cmoiotot+|o+vcgct+io.|c.co:tc:+so||st|nguc-sc.,o:t+nto.o+cx,|o:+iom+oc|:c|:+c+:+ctc:|z+o+
,c|+:ct|:+o+sc|ct|v+oc+:vo:csc.,o:conscucnc|+.oc+,cn+sum+,+:tco+cobc:tu:+o:cst+|
1 Ob,ct|voo+Un|io|u:o,c|+(U|)cconscnsooc|cno|oo,o:v+:|os,csu|s+oo:csocuco||m|tcoc+umcntoo+tcm,c:+tu:+
g|ob+|nioocv+u|t:+,+ss+:os.C(ou400-40,,m)tcnoocomo:c|c:cnc|++tcm,c:+tu:+:cg|st:+o+no,c:|ooo,:c-|noust:|+|1+|
||m|t+io,c:m|t|:|++m+nutcnioo+scono|cs+ocu+o+soc|+b|t+b|||o+ocoo,|+nct+
24
(|couio oc |m|ssocs o| |csm+t+mcnto c |cg|+o+io ||o|cst+|) |o| cstc mcc+n|smo
|
+|scs
cmocscnvo|v|mcntocomo|cst+st|o|c+|sucsco|suscsscm+|m|+nt+|ccom|ov+sscm|o-
g|+m+soc|couiooccm|ssocsocC|||csu|t+ntcsooocsm+t+mcntocmscustc|||to||osooc-
||+mobtc||nccnt|vosos|t|vosoucomcns+ocsn+ncc||+s|cstcscnt|oo||||
ooc|+c||+|
um+ cconom|+ muno|+| o|nm|c+ sc |cgu|+oo o| um +co|oo c||m+t|co |ntc|n+c|on+| os .o+.
+nocmucno+o||mc||oc||ooooo||otoco|oocu|otoOs|csu|t+oosobt|oos|cccntcmcn-
tcou|+ntc++,Con|c|cnc|+o+s|+|tcs(CO|+,)c|cun|oosno^co|ooocCocn|+guc+ont+m
ncst+o||cio|numc|os|unoosn+ncc||osvo|t+oosc++c|t+iooos+|scsnomon|to|+mcnto
c no cont|o|c oo ocsm+t+mcnto cstio su|g|noo c v+||os ,+ cstio oc|+noo |nt|c c|cs o |unoo
^m+zon|+|+n+oo|+oo|s+nosc|ogovc|nob|+s||c||o+|s|unoossc|io|uno+mcnt+|s+|+uc
cxc||cnc|+ssc,+mco|oc+o+scm|+t|c+cuc|cg|mcsn+c|on+|s
o
oc||||oss+msc|congu|+-
oosc|cgu|+mcnt+oosO+v+no|+|ooo+so|scussocssob|c||||nomb|too+|||CCC|no|c+
uc+scm|ssocs|csu|t+ntcso+oc||ub+o+oco|cst+s+ntcsniocons|oc|+o+sc|o||otoco|ooc
u|otocncont|+m+go|+ccocnt|c+sn+ocsocscnvo|v|o+sccmocscnvo|v|mcntocsc|iot|+t+-
o+scmocst+ucno|ox|mo+co|oosob|coc||m+|noo+|cmo+|||CCCmov|mcntoscm+|scs
ocscnvo|v|ooscomoos||ûc+v+||+m+t|+vcsocscuCong|csso|+c|on+|+|m|cmcnt+iooc
ummcc+n|smon+c|on+|oc||m|t+iooccm|ssocscstiocvo|u|noo|+|o+mcntccoocmtc|no
||||um+s+|o++|+o|m|nu||oscustosoc|couiooccm|ssocsocC||cmscustc|||to||os^|n-
o++||+n+scnt|ccst+ooscomo+|o|++|c|+ocCovc|n+oo|cssob|cC||m+c||o|cst+(Governors
Climate and Forest Task Force
;
)ooc|ioc||+|osmc|osuc|cmunc|cm+|couiooccm|ssocs|c-
su|t+ntcsooocsm+t+mcnto
Cons|oc|+noooccn+||o+c|m+os|og|+m+soc||||ooc|iot|+zc|o|v|s+s|mo|t+ntcs+|+o
||+s||O+|ssccncont|+suc|cntcmcntc|c+|+oocnum+os|io||v||cg|+o+ocmooo++|o-
vc|t+|toooootcnc|+|uccstcnovomcc+n|smocconom|coo|c|ccc^scxc||cnc|+scomo+oo
|unoo ^m+zon|+ som+o+s +|ov+io c|o Cong|csso |+c|on+| o+ |o||t|c+ |+c|on+| sob|c |u-
o+n+ooC||m+(|||C)uccst+bc|cccuc|+||mc||+vczmct+sn+c|on+|oc|couiooccm|ssocs
oc C|| |nc|u|noo +| +uc|+s +|+ o ocsm+t+mcnto +m+zon|co c no cc||+oo cmbo|+ vo|unt+||+s
ocmonst|+mou+ntoo+|scst+|onto+|++bso|vc|um+nov+|og|c+cconom|c+|ntc|mco|+o+
4 |cc+n|smooc||||sc:+ut|||z+ooncstcoocumcnto,+:+ocn|:||||nomb|too+ConvcnioocC||m+
s ^so|scusscsnomb|too+U||CCCcomc+:+m,c|+,:|mc|:+vczcom|||(||m|t+oo+oocsm+t+mcnto).oc,o|scvo|u|:+m
,+:+o||||(|cv+noocmcont++ocg:+o+ioo+so:cst+s)
Otc:mo|cg|mcoc||||ncstcoocumcnto|+:++|usio+,o||t|c+.+osmcc+n|smoso,c:+c|on+|sc+scst:utu:+s|nst|tuc|on+|s
ncccss+:|+s,+:++cxccuiooc+csoc||||nomb|ton+c|on+|ousubn+c|on+|(cst+oosoug:+nocs:cg|cs)|+|:og:+m+soc
|||||no|c+mumcon,untooc+csnum+csc+|+:cg|on+|(subcst+ou+|.,o:cxcm,|o),+:++:couiooccm|sscsv|+ocsm+t+-
mcntocconsc:v+ioo:cst+|||n+|mcntc.,:o,ctosoc||||.sio+csconouz|o+snum+csc+|+mcno:(|oc+|)
1 |tt,;;wwwgc|t+s||o:cco:g;
25
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
c|omcc+n|smooc||||^|no+o||+s||m+ntcmums|stcm+ocmon|to|+mcntoo|s+tc||tcoc-
|+ooc|o|ncucoco|oc+n+v+ngu+|o+o+tccno|og|+ucooc|++ux|||+|n+mco|iocvc||c+-
ioocnovosocsm+t+mcntosc+ss|m+|c|||ocmoooc|ct|vo+s|couocsno||tmoococst|u|io
ocsu+so|cst+s||n+|mcntcocng+,+mcntooco||c|cntcsscto|cso+soc|co+ocb|+s||c||+n+o|scus-
sioocum|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||som+oos+oscs|o|osooscst+oos+m+zon|coscmcst+bc|ccc|
scus|o||os|+noscmct+soc|couioococsm+t+mcnto|c|o|+m+tcscocuco+|stcmcno|-
mcotcnc|+|+|+|m|cmcnt+|um+nov+|og|c+cconom|c+b+sc+o+n+b+|x+cm|ssioocc+|bono
^|no|c+iom+|sn|t|o+ocst+nov+tcnocnc|+|o|+o|scussio|c+||z+o+c|o|o|umocCovc|n+oo|cs
o+^m+zon|+|stc|o|um|omovcuocb+tcssob|co+ssuntoo|mc|oocsu+|o|+t+|c|+c|no|cou
v+||osc+m|n|os+|++|m|cmcnt+ioocum+cst|+tcg|+oc||||no+|s
s
^||oc|+n+b|+s||c||+ncst+nov+o|ocmcconom|c+sosc|+conso||o+o+contuoosco+|ssc+n-
tcc|+|+out|+sn+ocsn+ocn|ioocsu+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|oc||||+|cst|+tcg|+ocvc|+cst+|
+||cc|+o+sob|co||c|cntcs|+nosoc+iot+nton+c|on+|u+ntocst+ou+|suctcn|+moo|sob,ct|-
vos|uno+mcnt+|sv+|o|+ion+ncc||+o+stcnt+t|v+socm+nutcnioooscstoucso|cst+|scoos
cs|o|osn+|couioo+scm|ssocsocC||o||uno+sooocsm+t+mcntoc|+|gu+|mcntc|uno+mcn-
t+|+|+cst+cst|+tcg|+uc+o|st||bu|ioocbcnc||c|osoc||||sc,+,ust+ct|+ns+|cntcc+t|n,+
+uc|cs uc |c+|mcntc |c+||z+m cs|o|os oc |couio oc ocsm+t+mcnto ou consc|v+io o|cst+|
c|+ ncccss+||o t+mbcm uc um |nvcst|mcnto m+c|o oc |ccu|sos n+ncc||os sc,+ |c+||z+oo +|+
ucoco||+um+c|ct|v+t|+ns|o|m+ioo++g|occu+||+to|n+noo-+um++t|v|o+ococb+|x+cm|ssio
ocC|||st+s+ocs|ntcg|+o+suc|+soccom+nooccont|o|coss|b|||t+|io+o+|sc||+|+sb+scs
ocum+cconom|+cst+bc|cc|o+n+v+|o|+ioo|cst+|cocscussc|v|os+mb|cnt+|sc+|no+cont||-
bu||+|+oocscnvo|v|mcntoocsu+cconom|+ocb+|x+cm|ssioocC||
|m+cst|+tcg|+oc||||+|+o||+s||ucsc,+cconom|c+mcntccc|cntcsoc|+|mcntc,ust+co-
||t|c+mcntcoss|vc|cc|t+mcntcc||+|+mc|oscconom|cosoc|otcio+mb|cnt+|cusosustcnt+vc|
oc|ccu|soso|cst+|sm+|smooc|nosccc|cntcscm|ssoo||scooc|ctom+o+ooocsm+t+mcnto
scto|n+|+c|cv+oo^tcnocnc|+oc|ongo|+zooc+umcntoo+ocm+no+muno|+|o|commodities
(g|ioscc+|nc)o|cxcm|osom+o++os|nvcst|mcntoscm|n||+cst|utu|+(||og|+m+oc^cc|c|+io
ooC|csc|mcnto-|^C)c+os+t+ucs|cg|s|+io+mb|cnt+||css|on+|ioo|novosocsm+t+mcn-
tosno|utu|oO+|scn||cnt+|+cntioo|cu|o+ocs+|+cum|||su+smct+soc|couiooccm|s-
socscst+bc|cc|o+sc|+|||C
Comocont||bu|ioconst|uioocum+cst|+tcg|+oc||||+|+o||+s||o|nst|tutooc|csu|s+
^mb|cnt+|o+^m+zon|+(||^|)com+o|oo+cc|ct+||+oc^ssuntos|st|+tcg|coso+||cs|ocnc|+
8 |tt,;;www|,+mo:gb:;b|b||otcc+;||v:o;|o;.4s
26
o+ |cub||c+ (^|;||) c oo Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||) |oouz|u cst+ ob|+
uccontcm+|gunsoos|uno+mcntoso||t|cos|nst|tuc|on+|stccn|coscoc|+c|on+|s+|+um|cg|-
mcoc|||||+|scscc|c+mcntco objetivo foi selecionar e analisar as opes de arranjos institu-
cionais e operacionais para um regime de REDDque incluam esquemas de repartio de benefcios e
que possam servir de base para uma estratgia nacional^|cg|io^m+zon|c+cont||bu|com+m+|o|
+|tco+scm|ssocsn+c|on+|sco||ssoo|c|+to||ocn|oc+cst++|c+
Ocontcuooocstcvo|umccst+o|v|o|oocmc|ncog|+nocs+|tcs^||mc||+contcmum+b|cvc|n-
t|oouio+cc|c+o+scm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcntot|o|c+|c+|c|cvnc|+o+^m+zon|++|+oc||m+
|cg|on+|cg|ob+||+scguno+siomcnc|on+o+s+soo|tun|o+ocs+|+um+nov+cconom|+o|cs-
t+|tom+noocomoontooc+|t|o+osbcnc||c|oso||unoosocum|cg|mcoc|||||st++|tct|+z
+|no++|mo|tnc|+oo||||nocontcxton+c|on+|oc|csc|v+ioo+b|oo|vc|s|o+oco+o|cst+
+m+zon|c+co+c|ocst+nocontcxto|ntc|n+c|on+|+|t|cu|+|mcntcnomb|too+|||CCCio
t+mbcm+bo|o+oosc|cmcntos|c|cv+ntcs+|+octc|m|n+|omont+ntcoc|couiooccm|ssocso|
ocsm+t+mcntocv|t+oo+s|ontcsocn+nc|+mcntocx|stcntcs+|+||||bcmcomoo||sto||co
oo||||co+c|oo||+s||n+su+conccio
^tc|cc||++|tcoo|c|+to||o|nt|oouzos||nc|+|s+||+n,os|nst|tuc|on+|s,+cx|stcntcs+|++|m|c-
mcnt+ioocumm+|co|cgu|+to||ooc||||n+^m+zon|+b|+s||c||+|+u+|t+sioocb+t|o+sos
|uno+mcntosb+s|cos+|++|m|cmcnt+ioocum|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc|||||+u|nt+cu|t|m+
+|tc sio sugc||oos os mooc|os c cst|utu|+s |nst|tuc|on+|s +|+ b+sc+| um |cg|mc +m+zon|co oc
|||| como ||nc||o +|+ + c||+io oc um |occsso n+c|on+| |cst+ +|tc sio +bo|o+o+s t+m-
bcmou+smctooo|og|+sucoocmconst|tu||+b+scocums|stcm+occont+b|||o+oco+|couio
occm|ssocsc+o|st||bu|ioocbcnc||c|oso||unoosocum|cg|mcoc||||ôb|+sccncc||+com
um++|cscnt+iooosocs+os|utu|os+|++|m|cmcnt+ioocum+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|oc||||
no||+s||
27
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
PARTE I
Emisses por desmatamento tropical e o papel da
Amaznia brasileira
^so|cst+st|o|c+|ssio+|m+zcnsg|g+ntcsocc+|bono(.oob|||ocsoctonc|+o+socc+|bono
||CC.ooo)ucsc|otcg|o+s+ux|||+|ionocont|o|coo+ucc|mcntog|ob+|(||CC.oo;tc|n
|cv|cw.ooe)|ocnt+nto+scm|ssocsocC||o||uno+sooocsm+t+mcntococg|+o+iooco-
|cst+st|o|c+|scont|nu+mcmn|vc|sc|cv+oos|u|+ntc+occ+o+oc+,,ocmmco|+u+sc+om|-
||ocsoc|cct+|csoco|cst+s|o|+moc||ub+ooso|+no||bc|+noo+|++tmos|c|++|gocnt|cos
1o.+|+..1os|gCumvo|umccu|v+|cntc++o-,,/o+cm|ssiog|ob+|ocC||(|oug|ton
.oo,^c|+|oct+|.oo.|c|||csct+|.oo.||CC.oo;+bc|++)|++tu+|occ+o+(+tc.oo,)cstc
vo|umcg||oucmto|nooc+,|gCscnooucno+nooc.oosocc||nou+|++.|gC+./ootot+|
g|ob+|(|cuc|cct+|.oo,C|ob+|C+|bon||o,cct.oo,
p
)Ov+|o|tot+|o+scm|ssocscontuoo
c|m+ncccomcsmo(c+,,|gC+no|c|c|cnc|+-.oosC|ob+|C+|bon||o,cct.oo,)
|otoooo|+n||ngoccm|ssocsg|ob+|socC||o||uno+sooocsm+t+mcntococg|+o+iocncon-
t|+m-sco||+s||c+|nooncs|+(eo/ootot+|g|ob+|.ooo-.oo,)omcntcoocsm+t+mcnton+^m+-
zon|+b|+s||c||+co||csonoc+m+|so+mct+ocootot+|cm|t|ooo|cst+v|+c|o||+s||cmcsmo
com+s|cccntcsuco+sn+st+x+sococst|u|ioo+o|cst+o+|s+|no+||oc|+t+||+n||ng(C|ob+|
C+|bon||o,cct.oo,)|m.oo,cc|c+oc;o/o+scm|ssocsb|+s||c||+s|o|+m|c|+c|on+o+s++t|v|o+-
ocsocusoooso|ocscc|+|mcntcocsm+t+mcnto(|C.oo,)
|o|out|o|+oo+^m+zon|++|no++|cscnt+-sccomoom+|o|b|oco(+|ox,|m|||ocsoc|m
.
)oc
vcgct+iot|o|c+||cm+ncsccntcccont|nu+oomunoocm+|socso/ocsu+cxtcnsio+|no+cncon-
t|+-sc|csc|v+o+O||+s||+b||g+eo/ocst+||ucz+^|cg|ioct+mbcmcons|oc|+o+og|+nocbc|-
oo+b|oo|vc|s|o+oc|+nct+||++b||g+noom+|soc.o/o+scscc|cstc||cst|cscon|cc|o+s(|+vcn
+,ss)c+|cscnt+-sccomoc+|uno+mcnt+|+|+ocu|||b||oc||m+t|co|cg|on+|cg|ob+|(|cgu|+io
occ|uv+sn+|cg|iom|t|g+iooo+ucc|mcntog|ob+||+|||ct+|.oos)
9 |tt,;;wwwg|ob+|c+:bon,:o,ccto:g;
28
As emisses de carbono oriundas de desmatamento e fogo orestal
ô|cst++m+zon|c+ocu+um+cno|mc+|c+n+^mc||c+oou|cvcmso||cnoocom+ocu+io
ocso|ocn+o+^tcomomcntooocsm+t+mcnto,++t|ng|uesoooo|m
.
(+;/ootot+|||gu|++)um+
+|c+cu|v+|cntc+otc|||to||oo+||+n+ouu+scou+svczcs+ooo|st+oooo|+|+n|io|+su|t|-
m+sou+socc+o+scmmco|+m+|s+sooo|m
.
o|+no|o|+mocsm+t+oos(.oooo|m
.
n+occ+o+
ocsoc+s+e,|m
.
n+oc,o)^m+|o|t+x++nu+||o||cg|st|+o+cm+,,,(.,o,,|m
.
)|o|su+vcz+s
cm|ssocs||u|o+socC||v|+ocsm+t+mcnto(|stocob+|+nocnt|ccm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcnto
ocscont+o+ + +bso|io c|+s o|cst+s cm |cgcnc|+io) +t|ng||+m n+ u|t|m+ occ+o+ .oo m|||ocs
tC;+no(,/ootot+|g|ob+||oug|ton.oo,+bc|++)|m.oo,scgunooo+oos|c||m|n+|csooc-
gunoo|nvcnt+||o|+c|on+|oc|m|ssocs
+o
cst+cm|ssio|o|oc,som|||ocsoctCco||csonocnoo
+ss|mcomon+occ+o++ntc||o|+;o/o+scm|ssocsb|+s||c||+s(|C.oo,)|m|c+||o+ocovo|umc
o+cm|ssion+c|on+|ooctc|s|oo+|no+m+|o|oouc+uc|c|no|c+ooc|+v|+ooocsm+t+mcnto
o|s+scm|ssocs|csu|t+ntcsoos|nccno|oso|cst+|s+m+zon|cosniocstioscnoo|ntc||+mcntccon-
s|oc|+o+snos|nvcnt+||os||+s||c||osoc|m|ssocs(|cst+oct+|+,,,^|cnc+|ct+|.ooe)
1abeIa 1 - Emisses de carbono de combustvel fssil, desmatamento tropical, incndios orestais (Brasil)
Referncia
geogrca
Fonte
Emisso de
carbono (bilhes de
toneladas/ano)
Referncia
||+s|| Combust|vc||oss||(+no.00c) 01 '
|csm+t+mcnto 01+-004 ''
|ogoo|cst+|(^nocom||
||o1c)
0.+-0. |cnoon+ct+|.004
^|cnc+|ct+|.00o
|ogoo|cst+|(^noscm||
||oyc+|-1)
00.+-00. |cnoon+ct+|.004
^|cnc+|ct+|.00o
C|ob+| Combust|vc||oss|| .+-0! ||CC.00
|o|c+| |uo+n+no|soo+c||+
(|csm+t+mcnto)
(0c+-0.)to(..+-0c) |oug|ton.00!C||n|ct+|
.00!^c|+|oct+|.00.||CC
.00
C|ob+| |ogo(||||oyc+|1;c) .1+-0c V+noc|\c||ct+|.004
'||^|(|tt;;wwwc|+oocgov;)
''|co|+oc.00o-.0011c|m.;+nomu|t|||c+ooo|10tonc|+o+socc+|bonoo||cct+|c
10 |c|+to:|oucc+o+,+|socvccm|t|:,unto+U||CCC
29
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
^comb|n+ioococsm+t+mcntocomo+v+nooo+ucc|mcntooo|+nct+ooc|++umcnt+|+s
cm|ssocsocC||o||ogoO+umcnton+||cucnc|+c|ntcns|o+ococc||ooosocscc+com|cou-
ocsnovo|umcocc|uv+o+o|ocmoc.o-,o/ooc|iosc|comunsno|utu|ocmcc|t+s|cg|ocso+
^m+zon|+(|+|||ct+|.oosOy+m+|ob|c.oo,|ob|cct+|+,,+)|mbo+mco|o+cst+|couio
cst+||g+o++oscvcntosoo||||o
++
uct|+zcm|ongosc||ooosocscc++|++|cg|io|stcscvcn-
toscstioscto|n+noom+|s||cucntcsc|ntcnsoscomo+ucc|mcntog|ob+|(|+nscnct+|.ooe)c
u+noooco||cmm+|soc,o/o+so|cst+so+^m+zon|+b|+s||c||+c|m+ncccsob+|to||scooc|n-
ccno|os(|cst+oct+|.oo|)^|cmocc||ooosocscc+m+|s|ntcns++cx|o|+ioocso|ocn+o+oc
|ccu|soso|cst+|s+,uo++c|cv+|+|n+m+b|||o+oco+vcgct+io^+|c+tot+|oco|cst++m+zon|c+
uccgou|ogocm+,,so|cxcm|o|o|cons|oc|+vc|^cn+scm|o|+|m+m+|soc+oooo|m
.
oco|cst+|nt+ct+uc|m+|+m(^|cnc+|ct+|.oo|)Out|os|ooo|m
.
+|oc|+mnosu|oo|+|+(^|cn-
c+|ct+|.oo|.ooe)^scm|ssocsocc+|bonogc|+o+sc|os|nccno|oso|cst+|soc+,,soocmtc|
c|cg+oo+u+sc|oom|||ocsoctonc|+o+sooob|oo+scm|ssocs+nu+|smco|+so|ocsm+t+mcnto
oos+nos,o(|cnoon+ct+|+,,,^|cnc+|ct+|.oo|)
Iigura 1. Desmatamento na Floresta Amaznica, baseado nos dados do Inpe, 2010. Fonte: IPAM, 2011
11 ||||oc+osc||+io,c:|oo|c+n++tmos|c:+cocc+nos.como:csu|t+oooo+ucc|mcntoo+s+gu+ssu,c:c|+|sooOcc+no
|+c|con++|tu:+o+cost+oo|c:u
30
O empobrecimento da oresta
obcst+nov+o|ocmc||m+t|c+|cg|on+|ocmob|cc|mcntoo+||o|cst+ooc|+sc|ntcns|||c+|
cu|m|n+noo num |occsso oc ocg|+o+io ||o|cst+| uc ooc|+ |cv+| s+v+n|z+io
+i
oc bo+
+|tco+|cg|io(|+|||ct+|.oos|cst+oct+|.oo+.oosOy+m+|ob|c.oo,)|oc|io
cssc|occssocst+|c|+c|on+oo+io|cco||cntcoo|ogo||o|cst+|cc|+|nv+siocc|m+ncnc|+
occscc|csocg|+m|nc+soo|scomoncntcst||cosoo+mb|cntcoccc||+oocm|cs|stcnc|+
+o|ogo+scscc|csoc+|vo|cs+m+zon|c+so+|io|ug+|+um+vcgct+iocomost+occscc|cs
oc+|vo|cs+|bustoscc|v+sm+|sto|c|+ntcssc|+m+s|mbo|++|t+mcntcto|c|+ntcssscc+s
(|cst+oct+|+,,|.oo;||+nooct+|.oos.o+o)+s||o|cst+so+^m+zon|+scsubmct|o+s+
cst|+gcns|o|ong+o+s(m+|soct|cs+nossuccss|vos)ooc|iocnt|+|cmco|+soo+noo|n|c|o
+um|occssoococg|+o+io|||cvc|s|vc|(|cst+oct+|+,,|c.oos)|stuoosucs|mu|+|+m
oc|c|toocscc+sscvc|+s(,o/oc|couiono|no|cc|uv|omct||co+nu+|)sob|c+||o|cst++m+-
zon|c+(|cst+oct+|.oo;||+nooct+|.oos)|no|c+|+muc+oscstcc||ooooct|cs+nos
ococ||c|t+cumu|+oooc+gu+noso|o|ouvcum+umcntoo+mo|t+||o+ococ+|vo|cscmc|n-
covczcsu||ccnocntcmcntco+umcntoocmo|t+||o+oc|o|m+|o|cnt|c+uc|+socg|+noc
o|tcc|cv+nooootcnc|+|occm|ssioocc+|bonono|utu|o^|no+cst+mo|t+||o+occxos
o|ntc||o|o+||o|cst+|uzooso|+umcnt+noo+su+vu|nc|+b|||o+oc+o|ogoobumcst|cssc
||o||coocss+m+gn|tuoc+|oouiooc||o|csc||utosocc||noucm+tceo/oco||cnooum+
|couioo|+st|c+ooc|csc|mcntovcgct+|(|oouioocm+oc||+)comconscucntco|m|nu|io
o++bso|ioocc+|bonoc|+||o|cst+(|cst+oct+|.oo.b||+nooct+|.oos)obcssct|o
ococg|+o+io+s||o|cst+so+|cg|ioscto|n+mm+|ssuscct|vc|s+o|ogo||o|cst+|com+umcn-
tos+|no+m+|o|cso+mo|t+||o+ococ+|vo|csco+|ob+b|||o+ocococo||cnc|+ocnovos|nccn-
o|os(|+yct+|.oo,^|cnc+|ct+|.ooe)Os|m+ctos+mb|cnt+|soos|nccno|os||o|cst+|svio
contuoomu|to+|cmo+uc|csc+us+oosc|++ioo||ct+oo|ogo^|+zio+|+|ssocs|m|cs
|nccno|os||o|cst+|s+umcnt+m+suscct|b|||o+oco+||o|cst++|utu|os|nccno|os|ogo|ovoc+
m+|s|ogoôsum|nccno|o+tc|o/o+s+|vo|cs+ou|t+soocmo||c||st+mo|t+||o+oc+u-
mcnt+ocm+nc||+cons|oc|+vc|scumscgunoo|nccno|ooco||c|stc|occssoococg|+o+io
||o|cst+|sc|++|no+m+|s|ntcnsosco+umcntoo+|oouioocg|ioscc+|nc+ocm+no+o|
b|combust|vc|s c os |nvcst|mcntos cm |n||+cst|utu|+ cont|nu+|cm num+ t|+,cto||+ +sccnocn-
tccon|o|mc+|cg|st|+o+nosu|t|mos+nos(|cst+oct+|.oos.oo,)+cs+|o+sosc||+ocsc
uco+s|cccntcsn+st+x+sococsm+t+mcnto
12 :obumc||m++|tc:+oon+^m+zon|+ccom+cont|nu|o+ocooocsm+t+mcnto.oco::c:+um+subst|tu|iocm|+:g+csc+|+o+
vcgct+ioocns+o+o:cst+,o:um+comc+:+ctc:|st|c+soccc::+oo.,:|nc|,+|mcntcn+:cg|io|cstco+b+c|++m+zon|c+
31
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Causas histricas e atuais do desmatamento
Oocsm+t+mcntoo+so|cst+st|o|c+|sc|csu|t+ooo+|ntc|+iooc|numc|os|+to|csucv+||+m
+o|ongoocoo|sc|xosumgcog|+cocout|otcmo|+|(+nu+|)|o|t+ntoum|cnomcnocom-
|cxoContuoo+sc+us+sooocsm+t+mcntococg|+o+ioo|cst+|+|cccmsc|++|cntcmcntc+s
mcsm+sn+so||c|cntcs|cg|ocst|o|c+|soo|+nct+|csum|o+mcntc+sc+us+soocmsc|o||ct+sc
|no||ct+s^so||ct+scstio||g+o+s+(+)convc|siooco|cst+scm+|c+s+|++g||cu|tu|+ouc||+io
ocg+oo(v|s+nooounioossco+tc||+)(.)cx|o|+iom+oc||c||+c(,)|nccno|oso|cst+|s|++s
|no||ct+s|c|c|cm-sc(|)+ossubs|o|os+|++ccu+||+co+g|oncgoc|o(,)o||t|c+oc|nvcst|mcntos
cm|n||+cst|utu|+(e)+os|ob|cm+s|uno|+||os(;)+uscnc|+ocgovc|n+n+csc+||z+ioo|+|tc
oogovc|no(s)ocm+no+o||ooutoso|cst+|s(m+oc||+cout|os)c(,)+omc|c+oo(|co)|+-
vo|+vc|+|ooutos(g|ioscc+|nco|cxcm|o)|oouz|ooscm+|c+s+ntcsocu+o+so|o|cst+s
|+ ^m+zon|+ ou|+ntc + occ+o+ oc eo + o||t|c+ oc |nvcst|mcntos cm |n||+cst|utu|+ +|t|cu|+|-
mcntccmcst|+o+sv|+b|||zou+co|on|z+ioocum+g|+noc||+ioo+|cg|ioo||+zocsgcoo||-
t|c+sC|+nocs|o,ctosocm|nc|+io||o|c|ct||c+sccx+nsioo+ccu+||+co++g||cu|tu|+|o|+m
|m|cmcnt+ooscsubs|o|+oosc|ogovc|no(|+|+|+,s,|cst+oct+|.oo+C+|v+||oct+|.oo+c
.oo.)^ss|m+|cg|ioso||cuoucoocsc|ocnom|n+oocomo+||mc||+|+scocco|on|z+io^tu-
+|mcntc+^m+zon|+cst+cmum+scguno+|+sconocos|nccnt|vosgovc|n+mcnt+|socu+io,+
niosiotiovo|umososccstioscnoosubst|tu|oosc|+|uc|+t|v|o+oco+cx|o|+iom+oc||c||+oo
+g|oncgoc|oco+ccu+||++cs+|o+b+|x+|cnt+b|||o+ococst+u|t|m+(|+ttos|||+,,||+|gu||s
.oo,^|cnc+|ct+|.oo||cst+oct+|.oo;.oo,)|stc|occssoc|c|o|+ooc|os|nvcst|mcntos
||sto||coscm|n||+cst|utu|+oogovc|nov|+b|||z+ooc|os|numc|os|og|+m+sococscnvo|v|mcn-
to(C+|v+||oct+|.oo+c.oo.|cst+oct+|.oo+)scnooo|^Com+|s|cccntc+|cmo+|n|c|+t|-
v+oc|ntcg|+ioo+|n||+cst|utu|+|cg|on+|u|-^mc||c+n+(|||^)nomb|too+|+c|+^m+zon|c+
|st|+o+s concct+noo + |cg|io |o|tc c Ccnt|+| oo ||+s|| +o u| c +o +c|co ooc|io |csu|t+| cm
+umcntoscx|css|voso+st+x+sococsm+t+mcnto,+ucm+|soc;o/ooocsm+t+mcnton+^m+-
zon|+cst+conccnt|+oonum|+|ooc,o|m+|+c+o+|+ooo+scst|+o+s+v|mcnt+o+s(^|vcsct+|
+,,,|cst+oct+|.oo+|ou|cno.oo,o+|cs||||oct+|.ooe)^|gum+socst+scst|+o+scomo+
||,+,uc||g+|+n+us+|o|toVc||oooc|iomuo+|+o|nm|c+ooocsm+t+mcnto|css|on+n-
oo|cg|ocsoco|cst+ocns+c+tccntioocs+b|t+o+|ioscoocncg+|uccst|+o+ssioncccss+||+s
+|++|cg|iom+s+|+|t+oc|nco|o|+ioooscustossoc|o+mb|cnt+|snos|nvcst|mcntos|ooov|+-
||oscomb|n+oo+uscnc|+oc|+nc,+mcnto|cg|on+|+c+b+o||csu|t+|cmocg|+o+ioo|cst+|c
cm|ssocsocC||Os|nvcst|mcntoscm|n||+cst|utu|+|ooov|+||+|cv|stosno|^Cooc|io+nu|+|os
cs|o|os|cccntcsoogovc|no|coc|+|coos|st+ooso+^m+zon|+n+contcnioooocsm+t+mcnto
cosc|c|tosos|t|voso+|couiooccm|ssocs+c|c+ssoc|+o+s
32
Oocsm+t+mcnton+|cg|iocnt|ct+nto,+niooocsc|cnc+|+oosomcntccomoum|ccxoo+cco-
nom|+n+c|on+|coc|nvcst|mcntosgovc|n+mcnt+|s|t+mbcmum|occssog|ob+||z+oo||sto||c+-
mcntc cx|stc um+ |c|+io cst|c|t+ cnt|c ocsm+t+mcnto c o c|csc|mcnto oo ||oouto |ntc|no ||uto
(|||)+m+zon|co(^|cnc+|ct+|.oo|)u+ntom+|o|oc+|t+|o|son|vc|n+cconom|++m+zon|c+ou
mcsmon+c|on+|m+|o|sc|+onumc|ooc|nvcst|mcntos(|n||+cst|utu|++g||cu|tu|+cccu+||+)govc|-
n+mcnt+|s ou ||v+oos n+ |cg|io uc ocm+no+m ou |csu|t+m cm ocsm+t+mcnto ^ +tu+| |cssio
o|cx+nsioocnov+s+|c+soccu|t|vonomunooc+c|csccntcocm+no+o||ooutos+m+zon|cos
como+c+|ncbov|n+||v|cocoocn+scomo+|tos+cv+c+|ouc+c+so,+|oouz|o+comtccno|og|+
ocont+ooc|iogc|+|um|o|tcocsm+t+mcntono|utu|o(o+|cs||||oct+|.ooe|cst+oct+|
.ooo.oo+.ooe)cco|oc+|cm||scoosbcnc||c|os+|c+n+oosc|+s|cccntcsuco+sn+st+x+scomuc
+o|cst+vcmscnoooc||ub+o+|oc+socscc|coo+so,+us+o+n+|+b||c+iooc|+io+n|m+|+|+
+b+stccc|+|scs+s|+t|cosm+|s|cc|s+mcntc+C||n+
+
omc|c+oo|ntc|n+c|on+||c|o|ou+|cssioo|
nov+s+|c+soccu|t|vooog|io|ssc+umcntoo+ocm+no+o|so,+nosu|t|mos+nost+mbcm|o||c-
su|t+ooo+|o|b|iooousoocc+o+vc|csbov|nosn+|oouiooc|+io+n|m+|cm|uniooosu|to
o+v+c+|ouc+(|cst+oct+|.ooe.oos)ccm+|gumg|+uc|+nov+ono+ocot|m|smo||g+o+|o-
ouioocb|combust|vc|s+|t|cu|+|mcntcob|oo|csc|(|cst+oct+|.oos)|cmooocom|cmcnt+|
+|couiooossubs|o|os+g||co|+snos||^cn+|u|o+t+mbcmcont||bu|u+|++busc+o|nov+s
+|c+soccu|t|von+s|cg|ocst|o|c+|s|o|mncstccontcxto+v+||+ioc+mb|+|tcvcum+c||mo|-
t+ntcn+gc|+ioococsm+t+mcnto|mbo|+niosc,+oc+so+tu+|+ocsv+|o||z+iooo|c+|||cntc+o
oo|+|ucoco||cucnt|c.oo+c.oo|(cstcu|t|mo+nocom|coococsm+t+mcntooc.;|oo|m
.
)cs-
t|mu|ou|no||ct+mcntcoocsm+t+mcnto^tu+|mcntco|c+|m+|sv+|o||z+ooc+|uc|+t|v|o+ocmcno|
oocu|t|voocso,+co+|oouioocc+|ncbov|n+t+|vczcx||ucmcm+|tc+|couion+st+x+soc
ocsm+t+mcntoobsc|v+o+snos+nos|cccntcs(oc.ooecmo|+ntc)(|cst+oct+|.oo,o+|cs-||||oct
+|.o+o)|+|g|n+|s+cstc|occssocstiooscucnos|oouto|csucoccnocmocsu+|o||+mio
ocob|+c|oouzcm+|++tcnoc|ssu+sncccss|o+ocsb+s|c+scuco|t+ntocont||bucmcomum+
t+x++bso|ut+ococsm+t+mcntobcm|n|c||o|o|cm|oo|c|on+|mcntcm+|o|ooucno+ss+oo
^cs+|oos|c,u|zos+mb|cnt+|st+|vczoc+|+tc|m+|so|+m+t|coooocsm+t+mcnto+m+zon|co|cs|o+
no|+toocuccstcnio|csu|t+cmumocscnvo|v|mcntosoc|+|ouocscnvo|v|mcnto|um+nocmcsmo
cconom|coo+|cg|iocgunooconst+noso+oosooCcnso|cmog|+co(||C|.ooo)+|ox|m+o+mcn-
tc|,/o+ou|+ioo+^m+zon|+ossu||cno+|nsuc|cntcousc,+su+|cno+c|c+|t+cst++b+|xoo+
||n|+o+ob|cz+ccmcc|c+oc|o/oosmun|c||oso+|cg|io|+|nc|ocnc|+cons|oc|+vc|ocob|cz+
+|
11 Oconsumo(mco|+oc!|g,o:,csso+)occ+:ncsu|n+.bov|n+coc+vcscg:+nocn+uc|c,+|s.scgunooo+oosoc.00o+
^nu+|,cc(^nu+:|oo+|ccu+:|+8:+s||c|:+)|tt,;;www|n,comb:;,ub||c+cocs;+nu+:|os;+nu+|,cc
14 |un|c|,|os com m+|s oc 0` oc ,ob:cs c |no|cc oc |n| su,c:|o: + 40` O |no|cc oc |n| c um+ mco|o+ o+ |gu+|o+oc
cconom|c+V+:|+oc0-100Qu+ntomcno:ococc|cntc.m+|o:|gu+|o+ocn+o|st:|bu|iooc:|ucz+cnt:c+,o,u|+io
33
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
(||C|Ccnso|cmog|+cooc.oooc|csu|s+ocO|+mcntos|+m|||+|cs-|O|.oo.;.oo,)^|no++/
oosm+|s||coso+ou|+iooctcm++/o+|cno+tot+|cnu+nto,o/oosm+|sob|csc+mcom+,/
(||C||ntcscoc|no|c+oo|csoc|+|s.ooo)|mbo|+niotot+|mcntco|vu|g+oososo+oosooCcnsooc
.o+o|no|c+mmc||o|+ocstcs|no|ccsm+scmtc|moscom+|+t|vos+o|cstooo+|snio|+mu|t+s+|tc-
|+ocs|st+s|tu+ioocc|m+ncntcocs|gu+|o+occconom|c+csoc|+|scc|ctu+c|+||usioocucos
|nvcst|mcntosn+|cg|ioc|+m+nutcnioocmooc|os||sto||cosococscnvo|v|mcnto+c+b+mccooou
t+|oc+contcccnoo+cs+|oocusto+mb|cnt+|gc|+ooc|oocsm+t+mcntoOm+|s|cccntccstuoosob|c
o+ssuntomost|+cx+t+mcntcocont|+||oOocscnvo|v|mcntomco|ooc|o|no|ccoc|cscnvo|v|mcnto
|um+no(|||)|c+|mcntc+umcnt+comos|nvcst|mcntos+t|c|+oos+oocsm+t+mcntoContuooooc-
scnvo|v|mcntonioou|+m+|soouc+,+nos(|oo||gucsct+|.oo,)O|csu|t+oo+oscstcc||ooocum
+ss|vo+mb|cnt+|csoc|+|ocg|+vcs|oo|ocs|oucscoocc|+m+|oc+sccnsiocuco+(boom-
-and-bustcm|ng|cs)oct+|||ucz+O|||ocmun|c||oscomsu+m+|o|cxtcnsioocsm+t+o++osum+
occ+o+ctiob+|xou+nton+uc|csonoco|occssoococu+io+|no+cst+no|n|c|o(|oo||gucsct+|
.oo,)cmbo|+osmun|c||oscomm+|o|+|c+|+nt+o+ocso,+|u,+mumoucoocst+tcnocnc|+
Ferramentas atuais de controle do desmatamento na Amaznia.
||sto||c+mcntcoocsm+t+mcnto+m+zon|covcmscnoocomb+t|ooo|mcc+n|smosoccom+noo
ccont|o|c(sc+||z+ioc|ct|v+|cg|s|+io+mb|cnt+||obust+ccoc|cntc+|cmo+|cscn+oo|st+oo
n+s+|c+s|cmot+so+|cg|io)ucsio|mo|t+ntcscocvcmsc|+||mo|+oos|ocnt+ntosiooc-
n|t|v+mcntc|nsuc|cntcs|cm+nc||+m+|sgc|+|ooc-sco|zc|uc+|couiooumcsmo+cxt|nio
ooocsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+nioscconc|ct|z+ocv|oo||+g|||o+oco+govc|n+n+
+
-o|st+oo
+|no+c+uscntc|+|+o|m+oocsm+t+mcnto+m+zon|cocst+govc|n+n+ocvc||+sccst+bc|ccc|
+ntcsoos|nvcst|mcntoscm|n||+cst|utu|+osu+|scst|mu|+mnov+soc||ub+o+sComoc|t+oo+n-
tc||o|mcntcm+|soc;o/ooocsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+cst+conccnt|+oo+o|ongoo+scst|+o+s
+s|+|t+o+so+|cg|io(^|vcs+,,,|cst+oct+|.ooo.oo+)omcntcoco|so+ocg|+o+ioo|cst+|
|nst+|+o+cuc+s|nst|tu|ocsooCovc|nosc|+zcm|cscntcs|ss+|og|c+|cc|s+sc|+|tc|+o++|+
|nst+|+|+govc|n+n+n+||ontc||++g||co|+
|n|c|+t|v+ss|m|csocgovc|n+n++|+g+|+nt||m+|o|sustcnt+b|||o+occconom|c+c+mb|cnt+|n+|c-
g|iogc|+noo|couioooocsm+t+mcntoooc||+msc||+c||mcntcconccb|o+s|cmooogc|+|cb|cvc
1s ovc:n+n+ c ocn|o+ +u| como o cxc:c|c|o o+ +uto:|o+oc cconom|c+. ,o||t|c+ c +om|n|st:+t|v+ ,+:+ gc:cnc|+: um ,+|s
ou:cg|iocmtooososn|vc|socmooo+g+:+nt|:+c|ct|v|o+ocoos,:occssosco+s|nst|tu|cs.,o:mc|oo+su+|s.osc|o+oios
+:t|cu|+mscus|ntc:csscs.cxc:c|t+mscuso|:c|tos|cg+|s.cum,:cmcomsu+sob:|g+cscmco|+msu+so||c:cn+s(8+noc|:+.1999)
34
oCovc|noooc||+o|cxcm|o(+)|omcnt+|+|cnov+iooc||ontc||+s+nt|g+so|mc|ooc|nccnt|-
vos+|++t|v|o+ocscconom|c+s|om|sso|+sc+mb|cnt+|mcntcm+|s+m|g+vc|s(.)|c+||z+||nvcst|mcn-
toscmum+|cococcst|+o+s|oc+|s+o|coo|occcnt|osoccomc|c|+||z+iocc|o+ocsucooc||+m
const|tu||+|tc|mo|t+ntcocum+|cococc|o+ocssustcnt+vc|s(|cc|c|.oo,)(,)+o|+||og|+m+s
cc+zcsocc|co|tooccxtcnsio|u|+|+|+os|oouto|csuccstc,+mcom|omct|ooscomum+|o-
ouiosustcnt+vc|c(|)+m||+|+s+|c+s|otcg|o+s(|cst+oct+|.ooe)|st+socc|socs+|cmocmu|-
t+sout|+s(+bc|+.)|couz|||+m+ncccss|o+ococm+|stc||+s+|+cx+nsio+umcnt+noooscuv+|o|
ocmc|c+ooct+mbcm|nccnt|v+noo+|m|+nt+iooccu|tu|+sc|cncsom+nc,oo|cst+|ocb+|xo
|m+ctocout|oss|stcm+sm+|ssustcnt+vc|soc|oouio(|cst+oct+|.oooc.oo+.oo,C+|v+||o
ct+|.oo.)|nc|u|noocomoo|+nt|oo||cto
+o
|st+s+ocscomb|n+o+s+um+o||t|c+oc|nccnt|vosc
comcns+ocso||cst+ioocsc|v|os+mb|cnt+|smco|+o+so|ummcc+n|smocomo||||o-
oc||+m+|tc|+|o|umo||sto||coooocscnvo|v|mcntocc|csc|mcntocconom|coo+|cg|io
reas protegidas e desmatamento.
^c||+iooc^|c+s||otcg|o+s(^|)
+;
tcms|oout|||z+o+comoum+o+s||nc|+|scst|+tcg|+socconsc|-
v+ioc|couioooocsm+t+mcntoc|otcioootc|||to||oocu+ooo|ou|+ocst|+o|c|on+|sn+
^m+zon|+||+s||c||+(C+ob|+ncoVc||ss|moct+|.oo+||v+.oo,c|w+|tzm+n|o|c||+ct+|.ooo
|cst+oc+|.ooeo+|cs-||||oct+|.o+o)|unt+mcntccom+sc||+s|no|gcn+s(|)+s|n|o+ocsoc
Consc|v+io(|C)|+zcm+|tcocumcxtcnsocon,untooc^|ucvcmcxc|ccnooum+c||uno+-
mcnt+|n+contcnioo+cx+nsioo+||ontc||++g||co|+cooocsm+t+mcnton+|cg|io(|c||c||+Vcn-
t|c|nuc.oo,|cst+oct+|.ooe+)|st+s+|c+stcms|oout|||z+o+scomoum|mo|t+ntc|nst|umcnto
+|+co|b||+csccu|+iooctc||+sg+|+nt|noocntioousoootc|||to||oc|+sou|+ocst|+o|c|on+|s
const+ntcmcntc+mc++o+sc|+g|||+gcmcv|o|cnc|+(c|w+|tzm+nct+|.ooo)|nt|ct+nto+cs+|oc
+|cscnt+|cmum+b+|x+t+x+ococsm+t+mcntocmscu|ntc||o|+s|Ccmsu+so|vc|s+sc+tcgo||+s
tcms|oo+|vos||cucntcsoc|nv+socscs+ucsocscus|ccu|sosn+tu|+|s^g+|+nt|+o+|ntcg||o+occ
u+||o+oc +mb|cnt+| ocst+s +|c+s |otcg|o+s c v|t+| nio somcntc +|+ + o||t|c+ oc consc|v+io o+
^m+zon|+||+s||c||+m+st+mbcm+|++sou|+ocsucv|vcmoosscus|ccu|soso|cst+|sc||o||cos
c+|++scst|+tcg|+socm|t|g+ioo+scm|ssocs|utu|+so||uno+sooocsm+t+mcnto
^s+|c+s|otcg|o+sn+|cg|io|o|tcsom+m+|ox|m+o+mcntc+,.sm|||ocsoc|cct+|cs|stoc,s/
ootot+|o+^m+zon|+|cg+||st+sg|+nocs+|c+snioso+tu+mcomoobst+cu|os+o+v+noooocsm+-
1 O,|+nt|oo|:ctocum+tccn|c+oc,:c,+:oooso|ob+sc+o+cmnio:cvo|v|mcntoooso|o.:ot+iooccu|tu:+s.usooccu|tu:+s
occobc:tu:+,+:+|o:m+iooc,+||+o+cm+nc,o|ntcg:+oooc,:+g+s.oocn+sc,|+nt+so+n|n|+s(|mb:+,+..00.)
11 |+:+ocn|iooostc:mos.:cco::++o^,cno|cc|
35
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
t+mcntom+sossucmc|c|to|n|b|oo||cg|on+|ousc,+cont||bucmcom+|couioooocsm+t+mcnto
|o|+oosscus||m|tcs+tcum+o|stnc|+oc+o|m++|t||ocsu+s||ontc||+s(|cst+oct+|.ooeb|c
^|)Conscucntcmcntccv|t+ms|gn|c+t|v+mcntc+scm|ssocsotcnc|+|s+ssoc|+o+socC||(||^|
.oo,o+|cs-||||oct+|.o+o)
1abeIa 2 - Breve lista de medidas possveis a serem tomadas buscando a reduo do desmatamento na
Amaznia brasileira e os motivos para que sejam adotadas.
Medida contra o desmatamento Motivos
Conccnt|+ioooocscnvo|v|mcnto+g||co|+cm+|c+s,+
+|tc|+o+souocg|+o+o+s
||m|nu||+|cssiosob|c+s+|c+so|cst+o+s
zonc+mcntooousoo+tc||+uc|cst||n,++t|v|o+ocs
+g||co|+scm+|c+s|n+ocu+o+soc|oouioc|+cx|stcnc|+
oc+o|+mcntos|oc|osostoog|++onou|+o+cso|os
s+zon+|mcntc|nuno+vc|s
|v|t+|ocsm+t+mcntoocsncccss+||ocm+|c+scomb+|xo
otcnc|+|+g||co|+
|cscnvo|v|mcntoocmcc+n|smosuc|+c|||tcmccst|mu|cm+
ut|||z+iosustcnt+vc|oc+|c+soc|csc|v+s|cg+|so|cucnos
|oouto|cs
ô|c|on+|+|tc|n+t|v+oc|cno+b+sc+o+n+cx|o|+ioo|cst+|
sustcnt+vc|
|nst|tuc|on+||z+iooc|occssosocconsu|t+c+|t|c|+ioo+
ou|+iocm|occssosococc|sioo||t|c+sob|c+ocu+io
o+|cg|io
C+|+nt||t|+ns+|cnc|+c|cg|t|m|o+ocu+ntosocc|socs
tom+o+sc|ogovc|no
|||usio+||mo|+mcntocx+nsioc;ouc||+ioocs|stcm+s
oc||ccnc|+mcnto+mb|cnt+|ucsc,+mb+sc+oosn+tccno|og|+
ocscnso||+mcnto|cmotocx|g|noooos|o||ct+||osoctc||+
+|oc+||z+ioocsu+s|o||co+ocscmum+|m+gcmocs+tc||tc
(|+nos+t)+ntcsucsc,+cm|t|o++||ccn+ocuc|m+o+ou
ocsm+t+mcnto
Cont|o|+|oocsm+t+mcntonomb|too+|o||co+oc
|nccnt|voss+t|v|o+ocscconom|c+socvoc+ioo|cst+|
como+cxt|+ioocbo||+c|+c+st+n|+so|cosccx|o|+io
m+oc||c||+ocb+|xo|m+cto
|cscnvo|vc|+|tc|n+t|v+scconom|c+so|cst+|suc|+s+tu+|s
ucocm+no+mocsm+t+mcnto
|c||o||+occst|+o+ssccuno+||+scv|c|n+|s+com+n|+nooos
|nvcst|mcntoscm+v|mcnt+iocm+nutcniooc|ooov|+s
||nc|+|s
|+c|||t+|+comc|c|+||z+iooos|ooutos|oc+|sco+|
ou|+io|u|+|+ccsso+s+uoccouc+iocsc|v|ostccn|cos
C||+iooc|nccnt|vos+|+|m|cmcnt+iooctccno|og|+suc
mc||o|cm+|oout|v|o+occ+sustcnt+b|||o+oc+g||co|+cm
+|c+s,+ocsm+t+o+s
ûmcnt+|+|oout|v|o+occ|couz||+ocm+no+o|m+|s+|c+s
oco|cst+
|xtcnsiooc+ss|stcnc|+tccn|c++|+|oouto|cs|+m|||+|csc
cucnos+g||cu|to|cs
|couz||ouso|no|sc||m|n+oocscmcont|o|coo|ogo+umcnto
o+|oout|v|o+oc+g||co|+
C||+iooc||n|+socc|co|touccomcnscmoscucnos
|oouto|cso|como|t+mcntos+mb|cnt+|mcntc
sustcnt+vc|s
||m|nu||+|cssiosob|c+s+|c+so|cst+o+sgc|+||cno++
+|t||oc|oouioo||c|cnc|+o+(+g|oo|cst+so|gn|cos)
36
|mcstuoooo||^|c+|cc||os(o+|cs-||||oct+|.o+o)conc|u|uuccmbo|++|gum+s+|c+s+m+-
zon|c+s|otcg|o+s+|cscntcms|n+|sc|+|osococo||cnc|+ococsm+t+mcnto+c|ccnt+gcmoc+|c+
ocsm+t+o+no|ntc||o|ocsscscs+oscoc|o|m+gc|+|mu|to|couz|o+niou|t|++ss+noo./|ssc
|no|cc+|++s|||Xniou|t|++ss+,/ccst+o|vo|t+oc+/nostc|||to||os|no|gcn+s|c|+ut|||z+-
ioocmooc|osnumc||cosucs|mu|+mo+v+nocs+c|+|ooocsm+t+mcnto|o|oss|vc|ocmons-
t|+|o+c|ocst+s+|c+sn+|couioooocsm+t+mcnto|utu|o(oc.oos+.o,o)ccss+s+|c+snio
cst|vcsscm|otcg|o+sc|ncob|||ocsoctonc|+o+socc+|bonosc||+m|+n+o+sn++tmos|c|++tco
+nooc.o,o|stcvo|umcco||csonoc+cc|c+oc.,vczcsovo|umcoc|couiooccm|ssocsoo
||mc||oc||ooooccom|om|ssooo||otoco|oocu|oto(o|vo|t+ocoo|sb|||ocsoctonc|+o+s)
cons|oc|+noosu+c|ct|v+|m|cmcnt+io
Fiscalizao e combate ao desmatamento.
Como+|tcocum+bo+govc|n+n++sc+||z+iocos+tu+|smc|osoccom+nooccont|o|csio
|uno+mcnt+|sContuoo+cs+|oc+|gum+scxc||cnc|+scx|tos+s|cccntcs+sc+||z+ionio+|c-
ccsc|suc|cntc+|+contc|o+v+noo+ocg|+o+ioo|cst+|^v+st|oiogcog|+c+o+|cg|io+s
occ|cnc|+soccst|utu|+ocsc+||z+io+co||uioc+|mun|o+ocsiocnt|cout|os|+to|csuc
o|cu|t+mocum||mcntoo+|c|^cs+|occ+m+n|+s|cccntcsoccomb+tcg|||+gcmc+oocs-
m+t+mcnto||cg+|uc|couz||+moocsm+t+mcntocm+|gum+s|cg|ocso|ob|cm+|c|+c|on+oo
|nc++c|o+ocooCovc|nocmsc+||z+|c|m+nccc^||sto||c+|+|t+oc|ccu|soscoccsso+|c++-
c|t+oonoso|gios|coc|+|sccst+ou+|s+||+o++uscnc|+com|ct+oc|nccnt|vos+|+uc+|c|sc,+
cum||o+sio|+to|csuc|mcocm|csu|t+oosm+|sc|ct|vosu+nto|mun|o+ocmcsmou+n-
oo+utu+oo+uc|cuc|omovcoocsm+t+mcnto||cg+||+|+mcntc+g++mu|t++||c+o+^+||c-
c+o+ioocmu|t+scm|t|o+sc|o|b+m+nioc|cg++.,/(|||to.oo,)omcntcnoc||ooocnt|c
.oo|c.ooe|o|+mu+sc.om||mu|t+sCom++||c+ioc|ct|v+o+smu|t+soocscst|mu|o+oocs-
m+t+mcnto||cg+|+umcnt+||+cxoncnc|+|mcntc(|+||ctoct+|.oo,)
Legislao e o controle do desmatamento.
^||+o++um+bo+sc+||z+ioucnio+contccc+contcntoum+|cg|s|+io+mb|cnt+||o|tccout|o
onto|mo|t+ntcn+|couioooocsm+t+mcntoO|ob|cm+o+|cg|s|+io|o+g+noc+o+como
mooc|n+cscucum||mcntoOc+soc|+ss|cocoooCoo|go||o|cst+|uccst+bc|ccc+gu|+o+
|csc|v+|cg+|(||)|o||c|c+o+|o||co+oco+^m+zon|+ocvcm+ntc|so/ocsu+cxtcnsiocomo
o|cst+s+|vocm+|c+ssobo||cnt+iooc|+noscst+ou+|soczonc+mcnto|conom|co-|co|og|co
37
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
(z||)|msu+g|+nocm+|o||+osoonosoctc||+niocum|cmt+|octc|m|n+io|m|+to||mo|-
t+ntcuc+g|+v+oniocum||mcntoo+|cg|s|+io+mb|cnt+|n+^m+zon|+c+o|cu|o+occn||cn-
t+o+c|o+g||cu|to|ouccu+||st+uctcnt+cum|||+|c|Ocxcm|om+|sn|t|ooocss+o|cu|o+oc
c+muo+n+cm+,,eo+|csc|v+|cg+|nob|om++m+zon|cooc,o/+|+so/occ+o+|o||co+oc
|u|+||+no|tc+|+oo|+g|+noc+|tcoos|oouto|cso+^m+zon|+niocum||+m+|soCoo|go
||o|cst+|cc+|+mscmosmcc+n|smosoogovc|no+|+sc+ocu+|cm+onovo|cgu|+mcnto(t|c|-
|c|.oo,+)|o|+|tcooCovc|no+|no+nio|+|nccnt|vosoumcc+n|smos+|+uc|sso+contc+
|o|cont+oct+|cono|io|+|numc|osmov|mcntos+|+++|tc|+iooo+tu+|Coo|go||o|cst+|O
m+|s|cccntcc+uc|c|oostoc|oCong|csso|+c|on+|ucbusc++|tc|+|oCoo|go||o|cst+|tcnoo
comoontoncv|+|g|coococb+tc+gu|+o+||c+ncccss|o+ococ|cg+||z+|+s+|c+s,+ocsm+t+o+s
o+^m+zon|+|x|stc|nc|us|vc+|cv|siooc+n|st|++ucmocsm+tou||cg+|mcntc
|mbo|+cmmu|tosc+sosos|o||ct+||osoctc||+so+|cg|ioniocstc,+m|+|t+noocom+vc|o+ocu+n-
oo+|m+mucsio|nc++zcsoccum|||oCoo|go||o|cst+|oocb+tctcms|ooscm|c|+vo|+vc|mut|-
|+ioo+|cg|s|+iocnio+scu+||mo|+mcntoO|+tocucu+scso/o+s+|c+soc|o||co+oc||v+o+
uc|o,csccncont|+mocsm+t+o+sn+^m+zon|+ooc||+msc||cg+||z+o+sc|++ssoc|+ioooz||nos
cst+oos+osmcc+n|smosoccx|b|||o+oc|cv|stosnoCoo|go||o|cst+|t+|scomo+comcns+iooc|c-
sc|v+|cg+|(||m+C+ob|+nco.oo,)^tcnt+t|v+contuoooc+||oux+|+|cg|s|+io+mb|cnt+|cont|nu+
cmcu|sonoCong|csso|+c|on+||m|csumooucc||cg+||o,cooc|+sc||cg+|+m+n|i
A reduo recente do desmatamento.
^cs+|o+st+x+sc|cv+o+sococsm+t+mcnton+su|t|m+sou+socc+o+scno|n|c|oo++tu+|+suc-
o+s|cccntcs(++|t||oc.ooe)n++|c+ocsm+t+o+|c|cscnt+mum|no|c+oo|ocucosc|cmcntos
csscnc|+|s+|+ocst+bc|cc|mcntoo+govc|n+n+como+ocst|u|ioo+o|cst+cstio|cscntcs
Cons|oc|+noooso+oosoo||oocs
+s
+t+x+mco|+ococst|u|ioo+o|cst++m+zon|c+cnt|c.ooe-
.o+o|o|oc+o,|.|m
.
;+no(||gu|+.)co||csonocnoo+|ox|m+o+mcntc++eom|||ocsoctC;+no
+p
ou+|ox|m+o+mcntc,o/o+scm|ssocstot+|soo||+s||
io
umv+|o|bcm+b+|xoo+uc|c|cg|st|+oo
+tc.oo,^|no++t+x+ococsm+t+mcnto|cg|st|+o+cm.o+o|o|+mcno|o+||sto||+oos|cg|st|os
18 |tt,;;wwwobt|n,cb:;,:oocs;,:oocs_19ss_.009|tm
19 |m|ssioc+|cu|+o+,c|+mu|t|,||c+ioo+t+x+mco|+ococsm+t+mcntocnt:c.00-.009covo|umcmco|oocc+:bonoo+
o:cst+^m+zon|+oc10tonc|+o+socc+:bono,o:|cct+:c
20 ^scm|sscsococsm+t+mcntosio+|no+su,c:|o:cs+uc|+s,o:uc|m+occombust|vc|s|ossc|s100||||cstC;+no.+nooc
:c|c:cnc|+..00s.||^..0091+bc|+1(,+g.!)
38
|c+||z+oosc|o||oocs+t|ng|nooe|oo|m
.
comum+cm|ssiocst|m+o+oc,em|||ocsoctonc|+-
o+socc+|bonoôcsc|too+|nucnc|+o+o|m|nu|iooos|coso+so,+co+c+|nccnt|c.oo,c
.oo,cmu||+noo+|+b+|xo+t+x+ococsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+(|cst+oct+|.oo,)oocs-
m+t+mcnto ncssc c||ooo |o| |couz|oo cm e,/ +b+|xo o+ mco|+ ||sto||c+ (+,,oo |m
.
) ocv|oo +
|ntc|vcnocscc+zcsoogovc|nob|+s||c||o(|cst+oct+|.oo,o+|cs||||oct+|.o+o)|o|cxcm-
|ocm.oo|c.oo,ogovc|nob|+s||c||oc||ou.|oooo|m
.
ocnov+s+|c+s|otcg|o+sn+^m+zo-
n|+||nc|+|mcntcn+|cg|iosobocsm+t+mcnto+t|vo(vc|scio+ntc||o|)^c||+ioocss+s+|c+s
|o||o|tcmcntc|+c|||t+o+c|o+o|oo||t|coo+so|g+n|z+ocsoccucnos+g||cu|to|cscv|t+noo+
cm|ssioocm|||ocsoctonc|+o+socc+|bono(C+mos|cst+o.ooe)|ss+|couio|cccntcn+s
t+x+sococsm+t+mcntocontuoooocnio|c|cscnt+|um+|couio|oo|c|on+|n+cm|ssio+s-
soc|+o+occ+|bonoo|soocsm+t+mcntocst+oco||cnoocm+|c+soco|cst+m+|socns+oouc
+uc|c|cg|st|+oono+ss+oo(o||c|son.oo,)
|c|+tocnt|c.ooe-.o+oo+|soc|xouoccm|t||u+scumb|||iooctonc|+o+socc+|bonoocv|oo
uco+n+st+x+sococsm+t+mcnto+m+zon|coumv+|o|cu|v+|cntc+,o/ooscs|o|osoc|couio
oo||otoco|oocu|oto(cc|c+oc.b|||ocsoctonc|+o+s)|st+|couio|no|c++|no+ou+ntoo||+-
s||sc+ss|mocsc,+|ooc|+scbcncc|+|ocmcc+n|smosoccomcns+ioo||couiooccm|ssocs
comoo||||o|mc|ooc+co|oos|ntc|n+c|on+|smu|t||+tc|+|s
35.000
30.000
25.000
20.000
15.000
10.000
5.000
0
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
Ano
K
m
2
Iigura 2. Taxa de Desmatamento na Amaznia Brasileira no perodo de 1988 a 2010 (km2/ano). Fonte: Prodes 2010.
39
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
PARTE II
REDD: Oportunidade para uma nova economia orestal
|mbo|+um+sc+||z+ioostcns|v+cum+|cg|s|+io|o|tcsc,+mco|+s|uno+mcnt+|socu+|uc|
o||t|c+ucbusuccxt|ngu||oocsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+b|+s||c||+c|+s+|cccmniosc|su-
c|cntcs +|+ t+nto o|s scm|c |+|t+|+ um mcc+n|smo uc t|+g+ v+|o|+io cconom|c+ +|+ +
o|cst+ m+nt|o+ cm c ou uc |+vo|c+ + |ntcns|c+io o+ |oouio +g|occu+||+ +|no+ |o,c
cxtcns|v+|+^m+zon|++|no+scg+n|+m+|soc||ub+noo+m+t+oouc+|csc|v+noo^|tc|+|
cst+|og|c+cconom|c+ucscsustcnt+n+cont|nu|o+ocooocsm+t+mcntoco|t+nto|uno+-
mcnt+|sc+|ntcnio|o|oocscnvo|v|mcntoocum+cconom|+|u|+|c|cg|on+|ocb+|x+cm|ssio
ocC|||+|+|stosc|+|cc|socncont|+|ummcc+n|smocconom|couc|cm|c+occ|sioocnio
ocsm+t+|c;ou|csc|v+|o|cst+scm|sto+s+|c+so|cst+o+sniotc|ioncn|um+t|+t|vocco-
nom|co||cntc+out|osusoso+tc||+
ô|nm|c+o+cconom|+g|ob+||c|+c|on+o++g|o|noust||+cmcsmo|oouiooccucnos
+g||cu|to|cs|no|c+uc+o|cst+soc+|+cmcu+nooocustoocsu+oc||ub+o+ouosg+n|os
comsu+consc|v+ioscto|n+|cmm+|o|csooucog+n|ootcnc|+|com+su+convc|sio+|+
out|os usos cm + ucb|+ ocst+ |c|+io consc|v+| g|+nocs +|c+s com o|cst+s t|o|c+|s sc|+
um+ t+|c|+ o|||c|| |cstc scnt|oo o mcc+n|smo cconom|co m+|s ooc|oso +|+ n+nc|+| o||t|-
c+sucv|scmconsc|v+ioocg|+nocscxtcnsocsoco|cst+st|o|c+|st+|vczcstc,+c+|c+oocm
commodities nio v|s|vc|s m+s |c+|s t+|s como os sc|v|os +mb|cnt+|s
i+
|cst+oos c|+ o|cst+
cmc|ostcmos+tu+|soc+ucc|mcntog|ob+|osc|v|o+mb|cnt+|m+|sv+||osoc+uc|cuc
|csu|t+oc+ocsoc|couiooccm|ssocsC||o|ocsm+t+mcntoco|mc|oo+consc|v+iooc
cstoucso|cst+|socc+|bono
^cs+|oc|+vc||numc|+s+ocsocv+|o|+iooc|ooutoso+o|cst+coocon|cc|mcntot|+o|c|o-
n+|ucbcncc|+m+sou|+ocs+m+zon|c+sgc|+nooum+cconom|+|oc+|uccx|gc+|csc|v+-
ioo+o|cst+oscu+|c+nccc||m|t+oogcog|+c+mcntc|+|+oss|b|||t+|+gc|+ioocv+|o|cco-
nom|co+|++o|cst+cmg|+noccsc+|+ocvcsc||nst|tu|ooummcc+n|smocconom|co|obustoc
c+|c+oon+comcns+ioc|+|csc|v+iooc|+|g+so|ocsoco|cst+ssc,+mc|+s|+b|t+o+sou
nioo|ou|+ocs|um+n+scso+ss|mscg+|+nt||+s|gn|c+t|v+cont||bu|io+|++m|t|g+ioo+
21 :c:v|os+mb|cnt+|ssio+uc|cs,:cst+oos,c|osccoss|stcm+s.noc+so+u|.oo:cst+|+m+zon|co.t+|scomo+m+nutcniooo
:cg|mcc||m+t|co.o+u+||o+ococ+gu+cso|os.o+consc:v+ioo+b|oo|vc:s|o+oc.cnt:cv+:|osout:os
40
muo+n+c||m+t|c+g|ob+|Ousosustcnt+vc|oc|ccu|soso|cst+|s+||+oo+um|nvcst|mcnton+|n-
tcns|c+ioo+|oouiocn+mc||o||+tccno|og|c+nousoo+s+|c+s,++bc|t+sooc|++ux|||+|num
|occssoucm+ntcn|++cobc|tu|+o|cst+||csc|v+o+c+s|unocscco|og|c+soosccoss|stcm+s
o|cst+|s|ntcg|+s(t|c||c|ct+|.oo,+)|cstcscnt|oooc|cmcntoocm+|o|+|c+ncc+|+|o|nccc|
umv+|o|cconom|coconsc|v+ioo|cst+|+|cccsc|omcc+n|smooc||||+|mcc+n|smosc
bcm+|ovc|t+ooooc|+|c|cscnt+|+b+scocum+nov+cconom|+|u|+|ucnioocm+nocnovos
ocsm+t+mcntoscucgc|co|v|s+s+|+o+|s
Contexto internacional do REDD
|+ c conscnso |ntc|n+c|on+| uc sc |+z ncccss+||o um mcc+n|smo oc |||| |obusto o suc|cntc
+|+||o+|com+scm|ssocso||uno+sooocsm+t+mcntonos+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcntou+|m|c-
mcnt+ioooc|+sco+|+t|+vcso+|||CCC+tc.o+.m+s|++go|+mu|tocct|c|smosccst+mct+
|c+|mcntcsc|+cum||o+|noccnocntco++|cn+oco|scussio|couz||cm|ssocsocC||o|ocsm+-
t+mcntoocvccontuooscgu||+|guns||nc||os|uno+mcnt+|sucoccmsustcnt+ionioso+um
|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||m+st+mbcmuccontcm|cmoscs|o|osocconsc|v+ioc|couiooc
ocsm+t+mcntocmcsc+|+s|oc+|sc|cg|on+|s
^s|oost+s+|+||||nocontcxtoo+|||CCC|o|+m+sucm+|s+v+n+|+mn+su|t|m+sCO|s
cscc|+|mcntc++|t||o+CO|oc|+||(CO|+,)|c+||z+o+n+|nooncs|+cmoczcmb|ooc.oo;|cstc
contcxtoo||+s||ooc|+cxc|cc|um+c||uno+mcnt+|nomb|to|ntc|n+c|on+|sccst|vc|o|sosto
++v+n+|no|+nc,+mcntoc|m|cmcnt+ioocum+cst|+tcg|++|+um|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||
uc oss+ sc|v|| oc mooc|o +|+ out|os +|scs cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto ô +b+noon+| su+ os|io
||sto||c+occ+utc|+u+nto|nc|usioo+so|cst+st|o|c+|scm+co|oos|ntc|n+c|on+|sooc||m+c
+ss+|+um+ostu|+m+|s|oos|t|v+cos|t|v+o||+s||to|nou-scom+|s|mo|t+ntc|ot+gon|st+
muno|+|n+s+ocsocm|t|g+ioocmuo+n+sc||m+t|c+succnvo|vcm|couocsoccm|ssocso|
ocsm+t+mcnto|o|cxcm|o+|m|cmcnt+iooo|unoo^m+zon|+ucoc|+sob+|og|c+oc|n-
ccnt|vos+|++|couioococsm+t+mcnto+|c+n+o+co|+n+mcnto+go|+t|+ns|o|m+oocm|c|
oo||+no|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+uccst+bc|cccuc|+||mc||+vczmct+soc|couio
+|+oocsm+t+mcnton+c|on+|conso||o+mt+|os|ioocv+ngu+|o+|sscs+v+nos|cccntcsooc-
|io+,uo+|noocscnvo|v|mcntoocum|occssocconom|cog|ob+|onocousosustcnt+vc|oco-
|cst+s+|otcioo|cst+|c+|couioooocsm+t+mcnto|csu|tcmcmumc|csc|mcntocconom|co
v|go|osocsustcnt+vc|+|cmoc|c|cscnt+|+sscmcntcsocumocscnvo|v|mcntoocb+|x+cm|ssio
occ+|bonon+s|ox|m+socc+o+s
41
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
O histrico do REDD e o papel do Brasil na sua concepo
O concc|to sob|c o u+| o mcc+n|smo oc |||| cst+ +sscnt+oo tcvc o||gcm cm .oo, ou|+ntc +
CO|-, |c+||z+o+ cm |||io |t+||+ |+uc|+ oc+s|io um g|uo oc csu|s+oo|cs coo|ocn+oo c|o
||^||+nou+|oost+uccoucon|cc|o+como+|couioComcns+o+oo|csm+t+mcnto
(|out|n|occ|w+|tzm+n.oo,)|o|cst+|oost+os+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcntoucsco|su-
scsscmvo|unt+||+mcntccconscgu|sscm|omovc||couocso+ssu+scm|ssocsn+c|on+|so||uno+s
ococsm+t+mcnto|cccbc||+mcomcns+ion+ncc||+|ntc|n+c|on+|co||csonocntcscm|ssocs
cv|t+o+s (+nt|||| ct +| .oo, |out|n|o c|w+|tzm+n .oo, c|w+|tzm+n |out|n|o .oos
|out|n|oct+|.oo,)Ov+|o|+sc||cccb|ootc||+como|c|c|cnc|+o|coooc+|bononomc|c+oo
g|ob+||sscmcc+n|smocom|ocon+sn+ocscmocscnvo|v|mcntooctcnto|+soco|cst+st|o|-
c+|s+tcnoc||++umob,ct|vocscc|coc|m|t|||+uccst+sn+ocs+|t|c|+sscmvo|unt+||+mcntc
ooscs|o|osg|ob+|soc|couiooccm|ssocsocC||,+ucoocsm+t+mcntocv|t+oonio|+v|+s|oo
|nc|u|oono||otoco|oocu|oto(|out|n|oc|w+|tzm+n.oo,)|+coc++|oost+oc|cou-
ioComcns+o+oo|csm+t+mcnto|o|v|st+comoum+mco|o+nio+ocu+o++|++m|t|g+ios
muo+n+sc||m+t|c+so|suost+s|+zocso||t|c+stccn|c+scconcc|tu+|s(+bc|+,)
1abeIa 1 - Principais crticas e contracrticas sobre a viabilidade tcnica de mecanismos de compensaes por
reduo de emisses oriundas de desmatamento e degradao orestal (REDD)
Crtica Motivo Contracrtica
|moss|b|||o+oc
ocmon|to|+|o
ocsm+t+mcnto
g|ob+|mcntc
Comcxcciooo||+s||+m+|o||+oos
+|scst|o|c+|snioossu|s|stcm+s
ocmon|to|+mcntoouu+nooos
mcsmoscx|stcmsio|n+ocu+oos
|+conscnsocnt|cosc|cnt|st+socscnso||+mcnto|cmoto
ucos+v+nosn++|c+coss|vc|s+co|oostccno|og|coscnt|c
+|scsoocmsuc|+|+s|numc|+sb+||c||+s+|+oc+|cu|o
|cc|soooocsm+t+mcntot|o|c+|(|c|||csct+|.00)
|+|t+ocum+ocn|io
+ocu+o++|+||o|cst+
ûc|++ssum|o+c|o
||otoco|oocu|otonio
c+|o||+o+
|c|o||otoco|oo|cst+cocn|o+c|o
|cscct|vo+|s|oscoc||oocnt|ooc
v+||+ocsocum++|c+occ|omcnos
00+1|cct+|coc+|vo|cscomum+
cobc|tu|+ocoossc|occ|omcnos10
+!0`ccom+|vo|csc++zcsoc+t|ng||
oc.+m
Com++tu+|ocn|ioc+o|||c||+v+||+|+socv|o+s
o|mcnsocso+s+|c+scobc|t+scomo|cst+st|o|c+|sc
u+|socvcmsc|mon|to|+o+s+|+ucsc|++oc+|cu|o
o+scm|ssocscv|t+o+s(|c|||csct+|.00|out|n|o
+nt||||.00)V+||os+|scscscc|+|mcntco||+s||
t|+b+||+mcontuoon++|tc|+ioocst+ocn|io
42
|u|t+s|ncc|tcz+sn+s
mco|o+soccm|ssio
occ+|bonoo|
ocsm+t+mcnto
|+um+v+||+iocno|mcn+b|om+ss+
o|cst+|nost|o|cos|nc|u|noo+|
+o|cu|o+ococ+v+||+|oc+|bono
+|m+zcn+ooc|+s|+|zcs
|co|o+sooscstoucsocc+|bonoo|cst+|sio
o|cu|tos+sm+s,+cx|stcmb+ncosoco+ooscommco|o+s
cs+c|+||z+o+ssob|c+b|om+ss+vcgct+|(++tc||ct+|
.00)+mbcm|+novoss+tc||tcscomoo^|Ouc,+
oocmmco||b|om+ss+oco|cst+t|o|c+|(|c||noo||c|
ct+|.00)|o|mcscm|coss|vc|sobo||cnt+iooo
||CCucos+|scs+ssum+m+|gum++o|on|z+ioucos
c|m|t++cc|t+|+s|ncc|tcz+s|nc|cntcssmco|o+s
ô|c|on+||o+ocniosc
con|m+n+|couiooc
ocsm+t+mcnto
|x|stcm|ncc|tcz+socuc|couocsoc
ocsm+t+mcntooss+mocco||c|oc
+ocso||ct+socm|t|g+io|mmu|tos
c+sos|+|couioococsm+t+mcnto
o|conscucnc|+o|cxcm|oo+
uco+no|cooccommoo|t|cs
|io|+|no|c|osocucoocsm+t+mcntot|o|c+|||+so||c|
o|m|nu|ios|gn|c+v+cmcu|to|+zo(occ+o+s)(o+|cs
ct+|.00o)|o|t+ntou+|uc||couioccms|+o|c|on+|
^|no+com+|cccntcoctc|m|n+ioooCovc|no||+s||c||o
occst+bc|ccc|mct+soc|couioococsm+t+mcntono
scu|||C+ucstioo++o|c|on+||o+ocoocsc|+go|+
+|+mct||z+o+|ost|+-sc+ntcc|+o+mcntcoucsc|+
|couz|ootcnoocomo|c|c|cnc|+oocsm+t+mcnto||sto||co
|ncc|tcz+ssob|c+||n|+
ocb+sc+sc|+oot+o+
|io|++|no+ocn|iosob|c+||n|+
ocb+sc|ooc-sct+nto+oot+|um+
||n|+ocb+sc|utu|+ou||sto||c+|sto
c|couz||oocsm+t+mcnto|cv|sto
no|utu|o(b+sc+oocm|o,cocs
|utu|+s)ou|couz||oocsm+t+mcnto
+t+x+s+b+|xoo+uc|+s|cg|st|+o+sno
+ss+oo
c|||||o|ummcc+n|smouccomcns++|scsc|os
scuscs|o|osoc|couioococsm+t+mcntocomo+|ccc
sc|+tcnocnc|+nosocb+tcso+|||CCCcntioum+
||n|+||sto||c+ocvc|+sc|+oot+o+(+nt||||ct+|.00)
o|soc+|cu|osc|+b+sc+oocmo+oos|cg|st|+ooscnio
|o,ct+oos|oucscguco|cxcm|oo|unoo^m+zon|+
|stc|+c|oc|n|osc|vcbcm+os+|scscom+|t+st+x+soc
ocsm+t+mcntom+sniouc|csucnioocsm+t+mcomo
coc+soocCuy+n+cC+bioo|cxcm|ocomt+x+soc
ocsm+t+mcnto+b+|xooc0.ò|+no(|Ô^.00c)
|cstcc+so,+cx|stcmsugcstocs+|+conto|n+|t+|s|tu+io
como+|oost+oc|stouc-||uxoc|ct+s|cccntcmcntc
submct|o+|||CCC(C+tt+nconioub||c+oo)cocsc||t+
ncstcvo|umcn+sscocsscgu|ntcs
|+|t+octccno|og|+s;
mctooo|og|+s+|+
cont|o|+|v+z+mcnto
Oocsm+t+mcntocv|t+oocmum
|oc+|oocsc|ocs|oc+oo+|+out|o
onocum++iooc||||niocstc,+
|cscntc
Cons|oc|+noouc||||tcnoc+comcns+|+|scs
+s|couocstc|ioucsc|cont+b|||z+o+snum+cont+
n+c|on+|ou|cg|on+|noc+soo+^m+zon|+o|m|nu|noo
o||scoocv+z+mcntoOv+z+mcntoooocsm+t+mcnto
ocum+|s+|+out|o(cxb|+s||c||osuc+|+moc
oc||ub+|no||+s||c+ss+m++tu+|n+|o||v|+)ooc||+
oco||c|m+s++ocsioocmu|tos+|scsocum+mcsm+
|cg|iogcog|+c+(+|scs+m+zon|coso|cxcm|o)+um
mcc+n|smooc|couocscomcns+o+so|m|nu|||+cst+
|ob+b|||o+oc^|cmo|stoo||c|cntcmcntcoc|o,ctos
oc|||oocsm+t+mcntoniov+z++|+osscto|csoc
cnc|g|+out|+nso|tc(+nt||||ct+|.00c||+m+o|ngc|
ct+|.00)||n+|mcntc+|gunscstuoos(o+|cs||||oct
+|.010)|o|ncccm|c||+mcnt+s+|++v+||+|ov+z+mcnto
ut|||z+noo-scocmooc|osocs|mu|+ioococsm+t+mcnto
43
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
^g+|+nt|+oc
c|m+ncnc|+niosc
+||c++||||ccm|ssocs
+ssoc|+o+sobt|o+s
Osbcnc||c|osooocsm+t+mcnto
cv|t+oocmum+o+o+|cg|io|o,c
ooc|ioscc|oc|no|utu|oscum
o|stu|b|on+tu|+|ou++io|co+to||+
oo|omcmocst|u||+o|cst+
Ot|+t+mcntoo+c|m+ncnc|+sc||++sscgu|+ooo|
umo|sos|t|voc|ou+|os+|scs+|t|c|+ntcsuc
+umcnt+sscmocsm+t+mcnto(cm|ssocs)+c|m+ocsu+
||n|+ocb+sc+ss+||+m++ssum||ocxccocntccm|t|oo
comomct+oc|couioob||g+to||+no|utu|o^|no+
+ssum|noo+cx|stcnc|+occ|co|tosocc+|bono+|+
||||+c|m+ncnc|+ooc||+sc|g+|+nt|o+|+zcnoo-sc
umt|oocscgu|o|stocsomcntcum+cucn++|tc
o+|couioobt|o+sc||+comc|c|+||z+o+O|cst+ntcc+||+
comog+|+nt|+occ|m+ncnc|++|+osc|co|tosgc|+oos
||||niooocgc|+|
c|co|tosocc+|bono
|+||scosoc|nuno+|omc|c+oocom
c+|bonob+|+toto|n+noocx|vc|s+s
|couocsoos+|scs||cosocnt|ooc
scus|o||ostc|||to||os|oss|b|||o+oc
oc|+vc||couionos+|scscm
ocscnvo|v|mcnto+|+c|m|t||
cm|ssocsnosocscnvo|v|oos
^|oc|+oc|nuno+iooomc|c+oonioscsustcnt+o|s
b+st+octc|m|n+|uc+m+|o|+|tc(+|gocmto|nooc
c0-`)o+s|couocsoos+|scsocscnvo|v|oosocvcsc|
+|c+n+o+ocnt|oocscustc|||to||os+mbcmc|co|tosoc
||||somcntc|+||+mscnt|oosccsscs+|scs+ssum|sscm
mct+sob||g+to||+sm+|s+mb|c|os+soouc+uc|+suc
vcm+nunc|+noo|o|mums|stcm+ocbankingonocos
c|co|tosoc||||ooc||+msc|comc|c|+||z+oosno|utu|o
cnio|ogo+os+com|ov+ioo+|couiot+mbcm
o|m|nu|||+o||scooc|nuno+io
c|moscm|cg+oos
Adicionalidade:cons|stcn+|couiooccm|ssocsocC||ouno+umcntooc|cmoocsocCO.oc|o|m++o|c|on+|+oucoco||c||+n+
+uscnc|+ocum++t|v|o+ococ|o,ctoou+iooc||||
Linha de Base:+||n|+ocb+scocum|o,cto(oc||||)coccn+||ouc|c|cscnt+on|vc|o+scm|ssocs;|cmoocs+nt|o|c+socCO.
cu|v+|cntcucoco||c||+mn++uscnc|+oo|o,cto
Vazamento:co||csonoc+o+umcntooccm|ssocsocC||ucoco||+|o|+oo||m|tcoc|nucnc|+ocum|o,ctoou+iooc||||c
uc+omcsmotcmosc,+mcnsu|+vc|c+t||bu|vc|+t|v|o+ococ|o,cto
Permanncia:oc+|bono+|m+zcn+ooo|scucst|ooum+nt|oocst+vc|cmum|csc|v+to||o(o|cst+)oocsc|||bc|+oo
nov+mcntcno|utu|o
44
O|csu|t+oo|o|ucoun|co+co|ooc||m+t|cocommct+soc|couio+tu+|mcntccmv|go|o||o-
toco|oocu|otocontcm|ou+cn+s+so|cst+s(|+nt+o+soucm|cgcnc|+io)o|su+|unio
comosum|oou|osocc+|bono+|+os+|scs+osu+|sniosc+||c+o^ncxo|
ii
+t|+vcsoo|cc+-
n|smo oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto ||mo (|||) nomc+o+mcntc o| mc|o o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc +o|cst+-
mcntoc|co|cst+mcnto
|o|conscucnc|++|oost+oc|couioComcns+o+sugc||o+c|o||^|cco|+bo|+oo|csso||cu
|o|tc|cs|stcnc|+niosoo|+|tcooCovc|no||+s||c||om+st+mbcmo|+|tcocO|Csn+c|on+|s
c|ntc|n+c|on+|s(|out|n|oct+|.oo,c.oo,)uc|cv+nt+|+m|numc|+sucstocsmctooo|og|c+s
|c|+c|on+o+s+o|cu|o+ococscmco||cmon|to|+|+s|couocsc|ct|v+so+scm|ssocso|ocsm+t+-
mcntobcmcomo+o|cu|o+ocococtc|m|n+ioocum+||n|+ocb+sccon+vc|cum+|to||scooc
nioc|m+ncnc|+cocv+z+mcnto,+c|t+o+sn++bc|+,om+o+s+cst+sucstocs|+out|+soc
cun|oo||t|cocomo+uc|+s||g+o+s+oconcc|toocsobc|+n|+c+o||scoocsubst|tu|ioouo||u|io
occs|o|osoc|couiooccm|ssocsn+|ontcoos+|scsoo^ncxo|(ousc,++o|nvcsocmot|v+|+s
|couocsoccm|ssocscm+|scsoo^ncxo|oscs|o|os+|+|couz||+scm|ssocssc||+mt|+ns|c||-
oos+os+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcnto)|o|+mt+mbcm+vcnt+o+scomo+|gumcntocont|++|nc|usio
oco|cst+sno||otoco|oocu|oto(^|v+|+oo\c|tz-|+nounn||o.oo;)
O ocb+tc oc como t|+t+| +s cm|ssocs o||uno+s oc ocsm+t+mcnto contuoo |osscgu|u cscc|+|-
mcntcno||+s||(|out|n|o.oo;)|u|+ntc+CO|-++cm|ont|c+|(.oo,)otcm+ocsm+t+mcnto
|ng|cssouocn|t|v+mcntcn+so|scussocso+|||CCC|o||n|c|+t|v+ocumb|ocoocn+ocscmoc-
scnvo|v|mcnto||oc|+o+so||+u+|ov+Cu|nccCost+||c+otcm+g+n|ouvo|umcc+so|cst+s
t|o|c+|s +ss+|+m + sc| cnc+|+o+s como c|cmcntos |cgu|+oo|cs oo c||m+ ûc|+s n+ocs +ss+-
|+m++|gumcnt+|ucocusto+|+m+ntc-|+sconsc|v+o+socvc||+sc|o|v|o|oocom+comun|o+oc
|ntc|n+c|on+||m+nooco|sn+CO|-+.cm|+||ob|(.ooe)oCovc|no||+s||c||o+nunc|ouum+
|oost+conc|ct++|+t|+t+|o+ucstioooocsm+t+mcnto+||oost+|o|b+sc+o+noconcc|to
o+|couioComcns+o+oo|csm+t+mcnto(+nt||||ct+|.oo,|out|n|oc|w+|tzm+n.oo,)
m+s+o|nvcso+|nc|usioocstcmcc+n|smonums|stcm+ocmc|c+oocomoo||g|n+|mcntcocon-
cc|to|o||oosto|cgc|+oo|occ|co|tosocc+|bonoogovc|nootouc|+c||+ioocum|unoo
vo|unt+||o +||mcnt+oo o| |ccu|sos oc oo+io oc +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos uc u|scsscm cont||bu||
+|+ + |couio oo ocsm+t+mcnto cm +|scs cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto |st+ |o| + scmcntc oo |unoo
22 Os,+|scsoo^ncxo|sioosmcmb:osoob|ocooc41,+|scsocscnvo|v|oosccmt:+ns|io+cconom|+socmc:c+oo.commc-
t+s+:couz|:cm..`+scm|sscstot+|soc||comb+scno+nooc1990.no,:|mc|:o,c:|ooooccng+,+mcnto.00s+.01.|o:
conscucnc|+.os,+|scsnio,c:tcnccntcs+o^ncxo|.nio,ossucmmct+sob:|g+to:|+soc:couioocsu+scm|sscs,+:+o,:|mc|:o
,c:|ooooccng+,+mcntooo|:otoco|oocQu|oto|csum|o+mcntc.siotoo+s+s|+:tcso+U||CCCnio||st+o+sno^ncxo|.ousc,+.
sioos,+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcntoc,+|scsmcnos+v+n+oos.cnt:cosu+|so8:+s||.
45
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
^m+zon|+
i
|m.,ocm+|ooc.oo,o|unoo^m+zon|+|cccbcu+su+||mc||+oo+iooc|,++o
m|||ocsooCovc|noo+|o|ucg+(+otooo+|o|ucg+|ctcnocoo+||,+b|||io+tc.o+,)
Comos+v+nosnosocb+tcs|ntc|n+c|on+|ssob|cocsm+t+mcntocm.oo;ou|+ntc+CO|-+,(cm
|+||n+|nooncs|+)o+c|o+so|cst+s+|+ocu|||b||oc||m+t|co|o|oc|+|c+m|+mcntc|ccon|c-
c|oo|css+m+nc||+|||||o||nst|tu|oocomooss|vc|mcc+n|smo+|+t|+t+|+scm|ssocso||uno+s
ococsm+t+mcntococg|+o+ioo+so|cst+sôsoo|s+nosoco|scussioccomv+||os|o,ctos
||otosoc||||scnoo|m|cmcnt+oosumconscnsosob|comcc+n|smo|o|busc+ooou|+ntc+
CO|+,|c+||z+o+cmCocn|+gucn+||n+m+|c+cmoczcmb|ooc.oo,|c|oc|+m+oo|++oo
C+m|n|ooc|+||(Bali Roadmap)
i|
|+n+oo+os+CO|+,couocn|oouc||||ocvc||+cnvo|-
vc|+ocsoc(+)|couiooccm|ssocs|ovcn|cntcsooocsm+t+mcntoco+ocg|+o+ioo|cst+|nos
+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcnto(.)consc|v+ioo|cst+|(,)m+nc,osustcnt+vc|o+so|cst+sc(|)+u-
mcntoooscstoucsocc+|bonoo+so|cst+snos+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcnto^con,unioocss+s
u+t|o+ocsocnc|o,coucsccon|ccco|||||plus(||||+)
i
^+|t||ocstconto+s|g|+
||||u+nooc|t+o+|c|c|c-sc+||||+cscguc+ocn|io+c|m+
|csoc|+||v+||oscs|o|ostcms|oo|c+||z+oosnoscnt|ooocv|+b|||z+||unoos+|++ocsoc|couio
occm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcnto|o|cxcm|oo|+nco|uno|+||+noucm.oo;o|unoo|o|cst
C+|bon|+|tnc|s|||+c|||ty(|C||)ou+|+ux|||+os+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcnton+|m|cmcnt+io
oosmc|os+|+uccstcs+umcntcm+c++c|o+ococgovc|n+n+ooocsm+t+mcntocmscustc|-
||to||os^+iooo|C||,+contcm|+v+||os|ntc|css+ooscm|n|c|+|um+|+scoc|c+|+io(readi-
ness phase)+|+|couiooccm|ssocs^tc+go|+,;+|scso+^|||c+^mc||c+|+t|n+c^s|+|o|+m
sc|cc|on+oosc|o|C||
|+ mcsm+ ||n|+ o Covc|no b|+s||c||o +nunc|ou ou|+ntc + CO| +, mct+s vo|unt+||+s oc |cou-
io o+s t+x+s oc ocsm+t+mcnto n+ ^m+zon|+ c Cc||+oo +t|+vcs oc um oocumcnto c|+m+oo
||+z||sCont||but|ontoC||m+tcC|+ngc||t|g+t|on
io
+|oocumcnto|oocum+|couiooc
so/ +b+|xo o+ t+x+ +nu+| ||sto||c+ oc ocsm+t+mcnto (+,,oo|m.) +tc .o.o n+ ^m+zon|+ |c-
g+| +tu+||z+noo +s mct+s cst+bc|cc|o+s cm .oo; no ||+no |+c|on+| sob|c |uo+n+ oo C||m+
21 O|unoo^m+zon|+.c:|+oocm1oc+gostooc.00s,c|o|cc:cton..tcmcomoscu,:|nc|,+|ob,ct|vo+c+,t+iooc
:ccu:sos,+:+,:o,ctoscm+csoc,:cvcnio.mon|to:+mcntoccomb+tc+oocsm+t+mcntococ,:omoioo+consc:v+iocuso
sustcnt+vc|nob|om++m+zon|co
24 U||CCC|cc|scs.-4;C|1!.occ|sio.;C|1!oco|c+o++||||
2s ^,oss|b|||o+ococ|nc|u|:oc+:bonooousoooso|ooctc::+s+g:|co|+s(||||++)tcms|oo+vcnt+o+
2 |stcoocumcnto,oocsc:obt|ooscso||c|t+oo+o||^
46
O||+s|||cg|st|out+mbcmnomb|too+|||CCCou|+ntc+CO|+,um+mct+vo|unt+||+n+-
c|on+|oc|couiooccm|ssocsC||o+o|ocmoc,e+/+,s,/+tc.o.o
i;is
|omb|too+||-
|CCC + ucstio oo ocsm+t+mcnto como |ontc oc cm|ssocs uc |cuc| mco|o+s u|gcntcs oc
comb+tc|o|umoosontosocm+|o|ocst+ucn+CO|+,^cs+|ocniotc|s|oo+|ov+ooum
+co|oonomb|too+ConvcnioooC||m+(ousc,+o|conscnsocnt|cosscus+,.+|scsmcm-
b|os)c|mo|t+ntcocst+|o|m+|cv+|cmcont+os+v+nosuctcms|ooobt|oos+|csc|tooo
||||n+sncgoc|+ocs+ntc||o|cs+mocuccstcmcc+n|smooss+sc|+||mo|+oocomomc|o
occontcnioo+smuo+n+sc||m+t|c+sc+o+t+io+osccn+||oso|c|+s|oouz|ooscm|utu|os
+co|oos|ntc|n+c|on+|s
|u|+ntc+CO|+,os+v+nos|mo|t+ntcs|c|+t|vos+|t|cu|+|mcntc+o|||||o|+m
|cccss|o+ococ+ocscm|||||ccon|cccnoo+|no+uc+s+t|v|o+ocsucbusucmo
+umcntoc+consc|v+iooocstoucocc+|bonoo|cst+|cm+|c+sucossu|+mo|cs-
t+s+tc+,,o|stos|gn|c+ucniocx|stco||scooc|||||nccnt|v+|+t|+ns|o|m+iooc
o|cst+s n+tu|+|s cm |+nt+ocs (somcntc c oss|vc| |co|cst+| o|cst+s n+tu|+|s c nio
tc||cnosscmo|cst+scomcscc|cscxot|c+s-+o|cst+mcnto)
V|+b|||z+io oc n+nc|+mcntos conso||o+oos scnoo cstcs +||c+oos scgunoo t|cs |+scs
con|o|mcsugc||oono||||O^||co|t(^ngc|scnct+|.oo,)
C+|+nt|+soc+|t|c|+ioo+sou|+ocs|no|gcn+sct|+o|c|on+|s
Cons|stcnc|+com+|csc|v+ioocb|oo|vc|s|o+oc
|iocom+t|b|||o+occom+convc|siooco|cst+sn+tu|+|s
|usc+o|mcc+n|smosucc||m|ncmoss|vc|sv+z+mcntosc||scosocnio-c|m+ncnc|+
|o|cmcx|stcm+|no+mu|t+sucstocs+|++su+|s+Con|c|cnc|+ocCocn|+gucnioconscgu|u
|csost+sioc|+s
|||| sc|+ um mcc+n|smo cscc|co ou +|tc oc |+m+s
ip
Como sc|io os mcc+n|s-
mos oc n+nc|+mcnto |o| mc|o oc |unoos (ub||cos ou |ntc|n+c|on+|s) ou mc|c+oos
+ sc|cm ocn|oos n+c|on+| ou |ntc|n+c|on+|mcntc Ou +|no+ um+ +ssoc|+io oos oo|s
21 Com:c|+io+scm|sscs,:o,ct+o+snumccn+:|obus|ncss+susu+|cm.0.0
28 |tt,;;un|ccc|nt;|cs;mcct|ngs;+,,||c+t|on;,o|;b:+z||c,|+cco:o_+,,.,o|
29 |+t|on+||y+,,:o,:|+tcm|t|g+t|on+ct|ons.ou^csoc||t|g+io|+c|on+|mcntc^,:o,:|+o+s-cumcon,untooc+cscom
oob,ct|vooc:couz|:os||ocum,+|sn+c|on+|mcntc|ss+s+cscstioscnooncgoc|+o+snomb|tooo^v-|C^c,oocm
sc:occ+:+tc:vo|unt+:|oouob:|g+to:|o.ouct+mbcmcst+sobncgoc|+io+tu+|mcntc^|||Cb:+s||c|:+,oocsc:cons|oc:+o+
comoumcxcm,|ooc|+m+s
47
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
On+nc|+mcntooccnoc|+mu|tooocontcxtosobou+||||||o||nsc||ooocnt|oo+
Convcnioccm|+m+soucomomcc+n|smo|noccnocntccomo+uc|cs|cgu|+oos
o|mc|c+oos|++|no++oss|b|||o+ococ|+vc|o||c|cntcs|ontcsocn+nc|+mcnto+|+
o||c|cntcst|osoc+t|v|o+ocs
^Convcniooc|uo+n+C||m+t|c+o+O||t+mbcm|+nou+t|+vcsocscuco|otccn|co(|^)
os|cu|s|tosncccss+||os+|+uc+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcntocst+bc|c+mum+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|
^|gunsoos|cu|s|tos|uno+mcnt+|ssio(+)+o||c|cnc|+iocnt|co|cst+s|+nt+o+scn+t|v+sc(.)o
ocscnvo|v|mcntoocums|stcm+n+c|on+|ocmon|to|+mcntoo|cst+|uc|c+||zcmco|ocss|stcm+t|-
c+soctoo+s+s+|tc|+ocsn+cobc|tu|+vcgct+|ccst+bc|c+osn|vc|sn+c|on+|soc|c|c|cnc|+o+cobc|-
tu|+o|cst+|co+scm|ssocsocc+|bonoo|ocsm+t+mcntococg|+o+io^|no+(,)sugc|c-scucum
+|c+bouo|nst|tuc|on+|ucm|n|m|zcos||scosocv+z+mcntocnio-c|m+ncnc|+sc,+cst|utu|+oo
Os custos de reduo do desmatamento amaznico: implicaes para
o mecanismo de REDD
Con|o|mcmcnc|on+oo+ntc||o|mcntc(+bc|+,)||sto||c+mcntc+|nc|usioooocsm+t+mcntocv|-
t+ooc+go|+t+mbcmoo||||num+co|oo|ntc|n+c|on+|sob|coc||m+|o|scm|c|cc|c+o+oc
c||t|c+scocb+tcsO||+s||cout|os+|scs+|cmocv+||+sO|Cs|o|+mccm+|gumg|+u+|no+sio
|cs|stcntcs+o||||+|t|cu|+|mcntcsccstcoc|+|o|mcc+n|smosocmc|c+oo(gc|+ioocc|co|-
tosocc+|bono)(|out|n|oc|w+|tzm+n.oo,)|moostcmo|cstcms|ooooc|+vc|um+|nun-
o+iooomc|c+oocomc+|bonob+|+to,+ucocustooc|couiooccm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcnto
cbcmmcno|oouc+uc|co|uc|m+occombust|vc||oss||^cs+|oc|+vc||numc|+sso|uocs
+|+cstc|ob|cm+(+bc|+,)como+||m|t+iooovo|umcocc|co|tosoc||||ucooc||+msc|
comc|c|+||z+ooscomb|n+o+com+cx|gcnc|+ocuc+m+|o|+|tco+s|couocsocv+oco||c|nos
tc|||to||osoos+|scscomcom|om|ssosoc|couio+|cs|stcnc|++um+oioocmc|c+oocont|-
nu+|o|tc+ntoc+ss|muc+cs+|oo|unoo^m+zon|+coo|cccntc+nunc|oocmct+svo|unt+-
||+sooocsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+|c+||z+o+c|ogovc|no|coc|+|(ct+mbcmo|+|gunsgovc|nos
cst+ou+|s)+t|+vcso+|||Co||+s||+|no+m+ntcmum+os|iocont|+||+gc|+ioocc|co|tosoc
|||||nt|ct+ntoo+|stc||++oss|b|||o+ococobtc|v+nt+gcnscconom|c+s|c|cv+ntcscom||||
Ootcnc|+|ocummc|c+oooc||||+ss|mcomo,+|ccon|z+ooc|o|||ooc||+gc|+||ccu|sos
numvo|umcccntcn+socvczcsm+|o|oouc+uc|cobt|oo+t|+vcsocoo+ocscomooc|cno|oo
|o,c c|o govc|no b|+s||c||o |m+ cucn+ ||+io oo |||| scnoo ocst|n+o+ gc|+io oc c|co|-
tosocc+|bonoooc||+mu|t|||c+|os|ccu|sosoo|unoo^m+zon|+cmoczcn+socvczcs^|cmo+
ucstiooovo|umctot+|oc|unoosummcc+n|smoocmc|c+ootcmootcnc|+|ocsc|mu|tom+|s
48
cc|cntccmcnosbu|oc|+t|cocom+|+oocom|ccu|soso||unoosocoo+ocs|ntc|n+c|on+|s^|no+
cons|oc|+nooucoscustos+|++|couioooocsm+t+mcntocconscucntcmcntco+scm|ssocs
n+c|on+|s nio sio c|cv+oos (|cst+o ct +| .oo,) ^s v+nt+gcns cconom|c+s oc sc tc| um mcc+-
n|smoocmc|c+oosiocno|mcs+|+o||+s||sccom+|+o+s+out|os+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcnto
comoC||n+c|no|+onoct+|custooc|couioc+|toocv|oog|+noc|oo|io(.,o/)o+scm|s-
socssc|cm|csu|t+ntcso+uc|m+occombust|vc|s|ossc|s
O||CCb+sc+oocm+n+||scsoccustoocoo|tun|o+occ+|cu|+ucum+|couiooc.,/o+scm|s-
socsg|ob+|sococsm+t+mcntoooc||+sc|conscgu|o+commcnosoc|,.ooo;tCO
.c
C+bc|cm-
b|+|uco|coo|tonc|+o+ncgoc|+ooc|omc|c+oocu|ocuoccm|ssocs|o|oc|,,,oo;tCO-
.c
cm.oos(||CC.oo;)|no|c+nooucsc||+oss|vc|cob|||oscustosoc|couioooocsm+t+mcnto
c+|no+gc|+|+|gumcxccocntc
^v+||+ocs |cccntcs |no|c+m uc o custo +|+ + |couio oc ,,/ o+s cm|ssocs oc C|| (too+s +s
|ontcs|nc|u|nooocsm+t+mcnto)g|ob+|s+cumu|+o+s+tc.o,ooc;ob|||ocsoctonc|+o+s+|+,.
b|||ocssc||+mcno|uc|,,o;tCO
.c
o
(|c||nscy.oo,)|m+cucn++|tco+s|couocs(cm
to|nooc.o/)ooc||+sc||couz|o++umcustomco|omuno|+|oc|couiooc|,.;;tCO
.c
um
v+|o| mu|to +c|m+ oo custo no ||+s|| (|, +,;tCO
.c
) (|c||nscy .oo,) |o cnt+nto o custo oc
|couiosomcntco+scm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcntosc||++|no+mcno|^m+|o||+ooscstuooscst|-
m+uccstcsc,++n|vc|g|ob+|+|gocnt|c|,,ce;tCO
.c
(^ngc|scnct+|.oo,|c||nscy.oo,
t|+ssbu|gct+|.oos)oucs|gn|c+||+|,,-+.b|||ocs;+no+tc.o,o|+^m+zon|+;o-so/o+s
cm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcntoooc||+msc|conscgu|o+s+umcusto|n|c||o||,,;tCO
.c
ocv|oo+
b+|x+|uc|+t|v|o+oco+ccu+||+um++t|v|o+ocuc|omovcm+|s;o/ooocsm+t+mcnton+|cg|io
(|cst+oct+|.oo,)
|mum++n+||scm+|soct+||+o+co|+mcnt+||+
+
o||^|cout|+s|nst|tu|ocscst|m+|+muco
custo+|+|couz||ocsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+b|+s||c||++tczc|ocm.o.oc+||+cnt|c|,;c+s
b|||ocscm+o+nos|couz|noocm|ssocscnt|cec+.b|||ocstCO
.c
(|cst+oct+|.oo,)|st++n+||sc
cont+commooc|osucgc|+mm++so+|uc|+t|v|o+ocotcnc|+|oos||nc|+|susoso+tc||+uc
subst|tucm+o|cst+-+ccu+||+c+so,+-sobccn+||osoc|nvcst|mcntoscm|ooov|+s(uc+|ct+
ocustooct|+nso|tc)coc|cosoccommoo|t|cs|stcsm++soc|uc|ootcnc|+|cxt|+o|+oo
10 |+ ||tc:+tu:+ consu|t+o+. v+:|os v+|o:cs +,+:cccm cm |+:+ c|c|to oc ,+o:on|z+io. tooos |o:+m convc:t|oos cm oo|+:cs
+mc:|c+nosnum+t+x+oc1.00=U:;1.
11 |u|t+scst|m+t|v+sooscustosoc:couz|:cm|sscsococsm+t+mcnto+n+||s+mo|m,+ctoo+:couion+cconom|+comotooo.
m+sscmcons|oc:+:osbcnc||c|oscconom|cosocss+:couio|++n+||sco:+mcnt+:|+.siocst|m+oososcustos,:og:+m+t|cosoc
|m,|cmcnt+:um+cst:+tcg|+cc+zoc:couioococsm+t+mcnto
49
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
+|+o|utu|o(v+|o||cscntc||u|oo)|o|+mo|v|o|oosc|ocstoucocc+|bonoo|cst+|c|m|-
t|noouc|ossc|c+||z+ooo||mc||om+c+mcntooccustoocoo|tun|o+oco|tonc|+o+socCO
.
(||gu|+,|cst+oct+|.oo,)C+bc|css+|t+|+u|ucocustoocoo|tun|o+oc+c|m+nio|nco|-
o|++uc|cs|c|+t|vosscconom|+ssccuno+||+sctc|c|+||+s+ssoc|+o+scom+convc|siooco|cst+
cm+st+gcmouso,+cncmout|oscustoscomoosoct|+ns+io|o|out|o|+oo+scst|m+t|v+soo
custooc|couiooccm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcntonio|nc|ucmcmscusc+|cu|ososbcnc||c|oscco-
nom|coso+m+nutcnioo+o|cst+
Iigura 1. Distribuio espacial do custo de oportunidade para orestas na Amaznia Brasileira. Os valores no
canto direito superior se referem ao lucro renunciado oriundo da deciso de no converter oresta
em campos de soja ou pasto, expresso em valor presente lquido divido pelo estoque de carbono
orestal (US$/Tonelada de CO2). Veja Nepstad et al. 2009 para detalhes. AC - Acre, AM-Amazonas,
AP - Amap, RO - Rondnia, MT- Mato Grosso, PA - Par, RR - Roraima.
50
^conc|usiocv|ocntcsob|coscustosoc|couioooocsm+t+mcntocuccstcssiob+st+ntc|cou-
z|oosco|t+ntocconom|c+mcntc|+ct|vc|socsc|cmcobc|toscbcmobsc|v+oo+|gunsocsscs
custosc+|cu|+oos(o|cxcm|o|cst+oct+|.oo,)c|cg+m+cn+s+||+ocsooo|+mcntooo
|^C|ocnt+ntoc+bc|css+|t+|ucocustoocoo|tun|o+ocnioc|no|c+t|vooov+|o|o+o|cst+c
niocncccss+||+mcntc|c|c|cnc|+num+|og|c+ocmc|c+oocnvo|vcnoo||||oov+|o|+sc|+go
o|tonc|+o+occm|ssiocv|t+o+occ+|bonoo||couioooocsm+t+mcntoCons|oc|+noouco
mc|c+ooocc+|bonog|ob+|mov|mcntoucc|c+oc|,+.eb|||ocscm.oos(C+oo|^mb|os|
.oo,)ootcnc|+|ocummc|c+oo+|+||||cs|gn|c+t|vo
O ||+s|| cncont|+-sc cm os|io ||v||cg|+o+ +|+ cx|o|+| o otcnc|+| oc um mc|c+oo oc ||||
c|os|m|cs|+tooc|cun||cono|ocstccno|og|c+so||t|c+ssoc|+|sccm|cs+||+|scomo,+comcn-
t+oocmout|+sscocsocstct|+b+||o+|+t|+zc|govc|n+n++oocsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+|o
cnt+ntooCovc|nob|+s||c||o+|no+cc+utc|osocmcmb+|c+|ncst+o|scussio^conscucnc|+ocst+
ostu|+ooc|+|csu|t+|n+c|o+ocum+oo|tun|o+occno|mccun|c+oo+|ssc|comcns+oo
c|oscs|o|osuc,+|czcucooc|+|+zc|n+consc|v+ioocsu+so|cst+scn+|couioooocs-
m+t+mcnto+m+zon|coccmout|osb|om+s
Os recursos nanceiros j existentes para REDD
Ovo|umc+tu+|oc|ccu|sos,+o|son|vc|+|+||||tot+||z+|b|||ocsocoo|+|csocumtot+|oc,s
b|||ocsocst|n+oosm|t|g+ioo+muo+n+c||m+t|c+g|ob+|Out|os,sb|||ocscstioscnooocst|-
n+oos+o+t+io(+bc|+|)+|s|ccu|sossioosom+to||ooos|unoosmu|t||+tc|+|scb||+tc|+|s+|+
||||,+o|son|vc|s|+|+coo|ocn+|o|nvcst|mcntoocstcso|vc|sos|unoosub||cos|o||+n+o++
|+|cc||+|ntc||n+oc||||(the REDD+ Partnership)cmm+|ooc.o+ocmum+|cun|io|c+||z+o+cm
Os|o|o|ucg+^|+|cc||+|m+o+o|,s+|scsossu|comoob,ct|vo||nc|+|cont||bu||+|++
|ut+g|ob+|cont|++smuo+n+sc||m+t|c+ssc|v|noocomoum+|+t+|o|m+|ov|so||++os|+|cc||os
+|++m||+|+ocscn+nc|+mcntooc|||||ocnt|c+||+cun+scsob|cos|iooc|nvcst|mcntos
tom+|+ocs|mco|+t+s|nc|u|noo+mc||o||+o+cc|cnc|+t|+ns+|cnc|+ccoo|ocn+ioo+s|n|c|+t|-
v+soc||||+c|nst|umcntosn+ncc||os+|+|+c|||t+|+t|+ns|c|cnc|+occon|cc|mcnto+const|u-
ioocc++c|o+oc+ocsocm|t|g+iococscnvo|v|mcntoct|+ns|c|cnc|+octccno|og|+
i
^t|+vcs
o++|cc||+osgovc|nosconco|o+|+mcm+oot+|+s|cg|+scst+bc|cc|o+sc|+ConvcnioocC||m+
o+O||+|+||||n+||bc|+iooc|ccu|sos+|++so|cst+st|o|c+|sscmuccontuoot+|cs|o|-
12 1cxtoo+|+:cc:|+|ntc:|n+oc||||++oot+oocmOs|o|tt,;;wwwos|oc|c.010no;,o,c|m|usc^ct|on=|oc8,^ct|on=V|c
w8,|ocumcnt|o=.01
51
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
otcn|+c+|+tc|ob||g+to||o|mOs|o|o|+msom+oosout|oso,b|||ioocoo|+|cs+mc||c+nos+os,+
+nunc|+oos,,b|||ocsc|os+|scsou|+ntc+CO|+,cmCocn|+guc|st+|+|cc||+|o|+ss|mum+
conscucnc|+oo^co|ooocCocn|+gucuc+cs+|ocniosc||cg+|mcntcv|ncu|+ntc(|stocnio
cst+bc|ccc|mct+sob||g+to||+soc|couiooccm|ssocs)|cv|un+nc|+mcntos+|+oc||ooooc
.o+o-.o+.ccn|+t|zouo+c|c|uc|+|oc||||+|++m|t|g+ioo+smuo+n+sc||m+t|c+s|nu+nto
otiocsc|+oo^co|ooC||m+t|coV|ncu|+ntcos.o+.+|no+niococscnvo|v|ooc+co|o+ooc|+
O||c|omcnosnoc+mooo||||vc-sc|og|cssocotcnc|+|+|+um+cooc|+iomu|t||+-
tc|+|^|+|cc||++|no+|cvc+coo|ocn+ioo+s|n|c|+t|v+sb||+tc|+|scmu|t||+tc|+|soc||||c||+noo
um+b+scoco+oost|+ns+|cntcc+ccss|vc|+|+mc||o|coo|ocn+|cs|o|oscnt|cv+||+s|n|c|+t|v+s
oc||||g|ob+|s(|||||||C|||||+bc|+|)cv|t+noo+ss|m+sob|cos|iooc|nvcst|mcntos
Os||nc|+|s+v+nosocss++|cc||++tcomomcnto|o|+mo|+n+mcntoocumwebsite+|++b||-
g+|+b+scoco+oos
ct+mbcmum+|+t+|o|m++|+com+|t|||+|oocumcntosc|n|o|m+ocs
|
O|unoo^m+zon|+sc|+t+mbcm+n+||s+ooc|+|+|cc||+ctc|+scuso+oos|nc|u|oosncstcb+ncooc
o+oosOcc|ct+||+ooo+||-||||co|C|||cst+msc|v|osocscc|ct+||+oo|+|cc||+um+vcz
ucnio|o|c||+ooncn|umnovoo|gioou|nst|tu|io ^coo|ocn+io+tu+|mcntccst+n+smiosoc
|+u+|ov+Cu|ncc|+ioc+os+CO|-+e+ss++sc|co-|cs|o|o+o|||+s||c||+n+
Os|st+oos|n|ooso|c|no|n|oo+ûst|+||++||+n+o|+ioc+|o|ucg+,+sccom|omctc|+m
+||bc|+||,,,b|||ocs+tc.o+.+|+|csc|v+|o|cst+s(+bc|+,)^|o|ucg++|no++nunc|ouno
o|+.eocm+|ooc.o+o+o|son|b|||z+iooc|,+b|||io+|++|nooncs|+m+ntc|su+so|cst+s
consc|v+o+sum+co|oo+|cc|oo+ouco+|s,+ossu|como||+s||+t|+vcsoo|unoo^m+zon|+
^|cun|ioocOs|ot+mbcmcst+bc|cccu+mct+ocg+stooc|,,ob|||ocscmo|cst+scout|os
|o,ctosocb+|x+|ntcns|o+ococc+|bono+tc.o+.|+|+|+c|||t+|osn+nc|+mcntos||v+oosos+-
|scs vio busc+| o+| m+|o| so||ocz s |cg|s|+ocs c cst+bc|ccc| |c||+mcnt+s oc mc|c+oo uc sc,+m
con+vc|s ^|cmo|ssoocncont|osugc||uuc+o|scussioocmcc+n|smoscomoocap and trade
(u+o|o+)cc||+iooct+x+socc+|bonoc|mostossob|ct|+nso|tcsocv+msc|+|o|uno+oos
onoc,+cx|stcmcc||+ooscm+|scsuc+|no+nioosossucm
11 |tt,;;:coo,|uso+t+b+sco:g;
14 |tt,;;:coo,|us,+:tnc:s||,o:g;cn;
52
1abeIa 4 - Recursos disponveis para REDD e outras aes de mitigao e adaptao s mudanas climticas.
Fontes
rgo
Responsvel
Bilhes
de USD
Observaes
Mitigao
|cc+n|smosoc|cscnvo|v||mo
C|||ust|uno
C|| 1c
.4 |cscmbo|s+oo
Climate Investments Funds
||||o|cst|nvcstmcnt||og|+mmc(1)
|o|cstC+|bon|+|tnc|s|||+c|||ty(.)
|o|cstC+|bon|uno(!)
||-||||(4)
|+nco|uno|+|
|+nco|uno|+|
|+nco|uno|+|
||||||||^|Ô
o
0
04
0
00c
.00-.01.
c+|ov+oo||+s||ooc|+|cccbc|
+|ox|;;00||||ocs
||1o0m|||ocsocscmbo|s+oos
||140m|||ocsocscmbo|s+oos
||c10.c.
Total Fundos para Carbono Florestal (Redd plus): 1+2+3+4+5+6
Total Mitigao
4.03
38.08
Fundos Requisitados e no Conrmados para REDD:
CC|-Covc|nos`C||m+tc+no|o|cst
+s||o|cc
|^|||+nco|uno|+| 00 V+|o||cu|s|t+oo+|+ousocm
.011;1.
Adaptao
UNFCCC
C||
|unooocô+t+io
C||
^||
04
0!-0o
||140m|||ocsocscmbo|s+oos
.00c-.01.
Multilateral
C||m+tc|nvcstmcnts|unos |+nco|uno|+| 0o
Bilateral
Coo||+|t||+|tnc|s||
|ntc|n+t|on+|C||m+tc|n|t|+t|vc
|+io
^|cm+n|+
.
0.
.00c-.01.
Total Adaptao 3.8
Total Geral 41.8
|ontcs!c||tt|cC||m+tc||n+ncc|oo|C|ob+|Conoy||og|+mmc|ov.00
|||||||tt;;wwwunoo|g;mot|;||-||||;ovc|v|cws|tm||tt;;wwwun|coonct;
|C|||tt;;www|o|cstc+|bon+|tnc|s||o|g;
|||||||tt;;wwwun-|cooo|g;
||||tt;;wwwc||m+tc|nvcstmcnt|unoso|g;c||;
|||^n+||o+occmob|||z+|m+|s|unoos+|+|||||++|+|couz||ocsm+t+mcntococg|+o+ioo|cst+|c|omovc|m+nc,ossustcnt+vc|
o+so|cst+s|cv+noo+|couiooccm|ssioc+|otciooc|csc|v+to||osocc+|bonoscnoouccx|stc||40+0m|||ocs
CC||tt;;wwwgc|t+s||o|cco|g;
53
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
1abeIa s - Contribuio nanceira para REDD de diferentes pases atravs da Parceria Florestal Global at 2012.
Pas Contribuio Financeira (em milhes de US$)
ûst|+||+ 1.0
||n+m+|c+ 10(++|t||oc.010somcntc)
||n|no|+ .1
||+n+ !!0
^|cm+n|+ 4!c(nom|n|mo)
|+io 00
|o|ucg+ 1000(nom|n|mo)
|s|ovcn|+ .
ucc|+ o!
|c|no|n|oo 40
||^ 1000
^cot+io+oot+o+|o|oc1=|;1.4con|o|mcotcxtoo+|+|cc||+(.)
Outras fontes de nanciamento para REDD
^|cm oos|unoosub||cos|ov|so||osocsc||tosn+scio+ntc||o|+uc|cso||unoosocumoss|-
vc|mc|c+oom+no+to||oooc|iosu|g||++|t||oos|stcm+occap & tradeoocst+oo+mc||c+no
o+C+|||o|n|+ouooWestern Climate Initiative(\C|)+|s|n|c|+t|v+sbusc+mcom+|t|||+|cxc||-
cnc|+sn+conccioc|m|cmcnt+iooc|og|+m+s|cg|on+|soccap-and-trade+com+n|+|+
cvo|uioo+o||t|c+|coc|+|ocmuo+n+sc||m+t|c+sccx|o|+|ootcnc|+|occo|+bo|+io|utu|+
^ss|mum+|o||t|c+|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+cnvo|vcnoo+c||+ioocummc|c+oon+-
c|on+|occ+|bonocomc++tom+||o|m+nos||^+omcsmotcmocmuc|n|c|+t|v+s|cg|o-
n+|scomo+socsc||t+s+scgu||+v+n+mn+busc+o|mooc|os|+ct|vc|s+|+||m|t+|+scm|ssocs
ocC||Comoscvc|++o|+ntcsct|+t+ocum|occssomu|to+|cc|oocomoucvcmoco||cnoo
no||+s||Ocs|o|o+|+concct+||n|c|+t|v+s|cg|on+|scomcsucm+sn+c|on+|scomoos|stcm+
cap-and-trade +tu+|mcntc cm ocb+tc no Cong|csso ^mc||c+no ooc|+ +umcnt+| + con+n+
n+c|ct|v|o+oco+scomcns+ocsoccm|ssiocc||+|um+sc||ccons|stcntcoc+o|ocsc|cgu|+-
mcnt+ocsucooc|io|+c|||t+|mcc+n|smosocn+nc|+mcntooc|ongo|+zo+|+|og|+m+s
subn+c|on+|soc||||
54
REDD entre estados e provncias (Governors climate and forest task
force, GCF)
Quadro 1 - Cap & Trade.
Cap and trade|c|cscnt+ummcc+n|smoocmc|c+ooucc||+||m|tcs+|++scm|ssocsocC||(ouout|o
o|ucntc) +|+ um octc|m|n+oo scto| (o| cxcm|o o |noust||+|) om+noo-sc cm cont+ cstcs ||m|tcs
siocm|t|o+s+sc|+m+o+sc|m|ssocsoccm|ssio(ouallowancescm|ng|cs)^+|t||o+|c+o+|noust||+
(tom+nooocxcm|o+c|m+)ocnccomo||+m+ntc|su+cm|ssioocnt|ooo||m|tc|mosto
^+|m+ocstccsucm+contuoococomc|c|ooccm|ssocscum+|noust||+cc|cntcconscguccm|t||um
vo|umcocg+scsbcm+b+|xoo+uc|c+c|+cst|u|+ootc|+umcxccocntc(cot+s)ucooc|+sc|vcno|oo
+|+ucum+out|+|noust||+ucniocum||uscus||m|tcsoccm|ssioucocnt|oocstc||m|tc
|o contcxto oo ||otoco|o oc u|oto s|stcm+ oc C+ +no |+oc (cot+s c comc|c|o) c cst+bc|cc|oo
c|o +|t|go 1 ^s cot+s oc c+|bono ocnom|n+o+s oc Assigned Amount Units - ^^|s (|n|o+ocs
|u|v+|cntcs ^t||bu|o+s) oocm sc| comc|c|+||z+o+s cxc|us|v+mcntc c|os +|scs oo ^ncxo | oo
||otoco|o(+|scsocscnvo|v|oos)ccstcsoocmcomc|c|+||z+|+cn+s+|tco+ssu+scm|ssocs|c|+t|v+s
+oc||ooo.00c+.01.
O s|stcm+ oc C+ +no |+oc tcm s|oo |m|cmcnt+oo com succsso nos ||^ +|+ ||m|t+| + cm|ssio
occnxo||cucc+us++c|uv++c|o+u+ntoscm|ssocsC||+|n|io|u|oc|+|+nouoscu|o||o
csucm+cm.00
^|cmoos|nvcst|mcntosub||coscm||||(+bc|+s|c,)out|+s|n|c|+t|v+soc+o|o+omcc+n|s-
mooc||||cstiocmcu|soOscst+oosc|ov|nc|+succomocmoCC|o|cxcm|otcm|c|to
g|+nocs|og|cssosn++|t|cu|+iooccs|o|ossubn+c|on+|su+nto+oocscnvo|v|mcntooco||t|c+s
ucv|scm+|csc|v+iooco|cst+sn+t|v+s+t|+vcsoc|o,ctosoc||||uccvcntu+|mcntco-
ocmv||+gc|+|c|co|tos+ss|vc|socsc|cmut|||z+oosn+comcns+iooccm|ssocsocC||como
noss|stcm+soccap-and-trade|+n+oocmnovcmb|ooc.ooso||n|c|+t|v+oocst+ooo+C+|||o|-
n|+ o CC| c |o|m+oo +tu+|mcntc o| c|nco cst+oos o+ ^m+zon|+ b|+s||c||+ (|+to C|osso ^c|c
^m+zon+s|+|+^m++)u+t|o|ov|nc|+so+|nooncs|+(^cc||+u+|+st|+||m+nt+n\cst|+||-
m+nt+n)t|cscst+oosoos||^(C+|||o|n|+||||no|sc\|scons|n)umcst+oooo|cx|co(C+mcc|c)
cumo+||gc||+(C|oss||vc|)Ocst+bc|cc|mcntoocum||+noocîoCon,unt++|+ob|cn|ooc
.oo,-.o+o c|+bo|+oo c|os cst+oos c |ov|nc|+s mcmb|os oo CC| tcm como ob,ct|vo +sscgu|+|
uc+s|cocu+ocscucstocscnvo|vcnooc+|bonoo|cst+|+n|vc|subn+c|on+|sc,+mt|+ns|o|-
m+o+scmcs|o|osoco||t|c+sc||m+t|c+s+n|vc|scst+ou+|sn+c|on+|sc|ntc|n+c|on+|s^ss|mscnoo
oCC|tcmt|+b+||+oonoocscnvo|v|mcntoo+|cgu|+mcnt+ioocum+cont+b|||o+ococc+|bono
+cst|utu|+ion+ncc||+c++|u|tctu|+|nst|tuc|on+|+|++|ntc|||g+iooos|og|+m+scmc|gcntcs
oc |||| +os s|stcm+s subn+c|on+|s c n+c|on+|s oc cap-and-trade +|t|cu|+|mcntc +uc|c o+ C+-
55
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
|||o|n|+ O cst+bc|cc|mcnto o+ |cg|s|+io uc cnu+o|+ o |og|+m+ oc cap-and-trade (con|cc|oo
como^|,.)n+C+|||o|n|+contcm|+o|sos|ocs+|+o|ccon|cc|mcntooosc|co|tosoc|og|+-
m+soc||||comoun|o+ocsoccomcns+ioc|cg|vc|s
|sc|+-scucoocscnvo|v|mcntoocstcs
|og|+m+ssubn+c|on+|soc||||+,uocm++v+n+|oocb+tcsob|c+|m|cmcnt+ioocums|stc-
m+n+c|on+|occap-and-trade+tu+|mcntccmocb+tcnos||^c+|nucnc|+|omooc|ocmv|go|
n+Comun|o+oc|u|oc|+(|)^|mo|tnc|+oos|og|cssosuctcms|oo|c|tosc|oscst+ooso+
^m+zon|+b|+s||c||+noocscnvo|v|mcntooc|og|+m+soc||||c||ust|+ooc|oscst+oosoo^c|c
c|+toC|osso(vc,+scocsscgu|ntcs)
Om+|o|otcnc|+|ocgc|+iooc|ccu|sos|ntc|n+c|on+|s+|+||||+|cmo+uc|csub||cos|o-
vcmcontuooo++|ov+iooc|o,ctosoc|c||c|+c|on+oos+ocst+bc|cc|mcntoocmct+soc|cou-
iooccm|ssocs+|+scto|cso+cconom|++mc||c+n+comoc|t+oo+c|m+Oscsucm+ssugc||oos
n+s |oost+s |cg|s|+t|v+s cm o|scussio nos ||^ |cvccm comcns+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s (oscts
|ntc|n+c|on+|s)o|mc|ooc||||Os+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcntocomo|cst+scscc|+|mcntco
||+s||sc||+mncstccontcxtoosg|+nocsbcncc|+oos^b+|xosioocsc||t+s+sou+s|oost+soc
|c|uccstio+tu+|mcntccmocb+tcnoCong|csso+mc||c+nocucooc||+m|csu|t+|cm|ontcoc
|ccu|sos+|+||||
Te American Clean Energy and Security Act (ACESA)\+xm+n-|+||cyO|o,ctooc|c|m+|s
cx|css|vocooc,un|ooc.oo,+|cscnt+ooc|oscong|css|st+s|cn|y\+xm+nc|ow+|o|+||cy
+|ov+ooc|+Cm+|+oos|cut+oosoos||^cm.eoc,un|ooc.oo,
o
|stc|o,cto|cvcuc
oov+|o|+||cc+o+oocom+vcno+o+sc|m|ssocsoccm|ssocs(nums|stcm+c+trade);/sc||+m
ocst|n+oos+|++,uo+|ntc|n+c|on+|cm+o+t+iot|+ns|c|cnc|+octccno|og|+s||m+sc|otcio
oco|cst+st|o|c+|s+tc.o.o|m.o.;cstcc|ccntu+|c|cg+||+++o/|ssocu|v+|c||++umu-
xon+ncc||o+nu+|+|++|scscmocscnvo|v|mcntosuc||o|+|,sb|||ocs+tc.o.o^v+||+ocs
|cccntcsocmonst|+mucscum+co|oo||+s||-||^cnvo|vcnoo|||||ossccst+bc|cc|oosob+s
|cg|+s|oost+so|\+xm+nc|+||cyocmooouco||+s||uocssct|+ns+c|on+|+|tc(o|g+-sc
,o/)o+scm|ssocscv|t+o+s|cv|st+so|su+mct+vo|unt+||+oc|couioococsm+t+mcnto+m+-
zon|co(so/oc|couio+tc.o.o)o|unoo^m+zon|+ooc||+o|cxcm|o|cccbc||ccu|sosnio
m+|sn+c+s+oosm|||ocsm+ss|moosb|||ocsOmont+ntct|+ns+c|on+oocmc|co|tosocc+|bono
ncstcc+sosc||+o+o|ocmocs-+sb|||ocsocoo|+|cs;+no+tc.o,oo||unooso+comc|c|+||z+iooos
m+|soc+b|||iooctCO.;+nocmc|co|tosuccst+||+mo|son|vc|snomc|c+oo|ntc|n+c|on+|(||||s-
1s |+|s|n|o:m+cso|s,on|vc|scm|tt,;;wwwgc|t+s||o:cco:g;oocumcnts;^|8`.0|||`.08+c|g:ouno,o|
1 !c^mc:|c+nC|c+n|nc:gy+no:ccu:|ty^ct(^C|:^)o|.009(||.44).submct|oo,c|osoc,ut+oosv+xm+nc|+:|cy
c +,:ov+oo n+ Cm+:+ oc |c,ut+oos (Com|ssio oc |nc:g|+ c Comc:c|o) O ,:o,cto oc |c| cst+bc|ccc um+ :couio oc 1` o+s
cm|sscs+b+|xooosn|vc|soc.00+tc.0.0c!`+tc.00|mtc:moscom,+:+t|vos.sc:|+um+:couiooc1`+b+|xooosn|vc|soc
1990+tc.0.0cs`+tc.00.|stoc.m+|smoocstooouco,|+no|+n+oo,c|o|:cs|ocntcOb+m+
56
-C+bcz+s|ubows||nioub||c+oo)||||s-C+bcz+s|ubows||(nioub||c+oo)|no|c+|+mucos
c|co|tosocc+|bonooc||||o||unooso+^m+zon|+tc||+m+c++c|o+ococo|m|nu||oscustosoc
|couioocnt|ooos||ôct+||o|m+uc+uc|c+|sooc||++ssum||um+o|c|on+|oc|couiooc
|/++./n+su+mct+oc|couio+tc.o.o
;
scmu+|uc|+umcntooccustos
|mbo|+|+,+|cs|stcnc|+s+o|o,ctooc|c|oc\+xm+n-|+||cycst+noocstccm+n+||scc|ocn+oo
ocsocnovcmb|ooc.oo,|++|no+csc|+n+socucc|cvcn|++sc|+|ov+oocm.o++
Te American Power Act (APA)|c||y-||bc|m+n|m++|tc|n+t|v+m+|sconsc|v+oo|+uc|+|o-
ost+o|\+xm+nc|+||cy|o|+|cscnt+o+c|oscn+oo|cs|o|n|c||yc|oc||cbc|m+nnoo|+
+.ocm+|ooc.o+o|+t|z+oooc^to|nc|gct|co^mc||c+no(^mc||c+n|owc|^ct^|^)
s
c|c|o-
mctccst+bc|ccc|ums|stcm+||b||oo+|+|couz||+scm|ssocsocC||c|ou+|cm|cs+sgc|+oo|+s
occnc|g|+|noust||+scscto|cscomc|c|+|s||io+|t|c|+|ocumcsucm+occ+t|+occnu+n-
tooscto|oct|+nso|tcs+g+|+t+x+so|c|m|ssocsoccm|ssocs(+||ow+nccs)oc+co|oocom
os|cosocmc|c+oo^||c+noot+||c|oov+|o|o+tonc|+o+occ+|bonocu|v+|cntccnt|c.o+,+
.o.ocomoc+|cu|+ooo|cscc|+||st+ssc||+oc|,.eoo|||sscv+|o|ooc||+sc|m+|s+|tosc|ossc
b+sc+oo+cn+sn+o|c|t+c|ocu|+m+so^to|cvcumcont|o|coos|cos^t|+vcsoo|stcm+
ocComc|c|ooc|m|ssocsoos||^(||)|oostoc|+|c|ovo|umcocc|m|ssocssc||+||m|-
t+oo+.,b|||ocsoctonc|+o+socCO.ccm.o+,u+noo+cn+soscto|c|ct||cosc||+cobc|toc
c|cg+||++|b|||ocscm.o+e
p
^ |nst|tu|io oc um s|stcm+ oc c+ t|+oc nos ||^ ooc|+ |csu|t+| cm +umcnto oo custo oos
combust|vc|s com +s |cn+||+s |c+ss+noo +|+ o consum|oo| + |csons+b|||o+oc oc +g+| c|+s
c|m|ssocsooscto|Contuoo+|+m|n|m|z+|oc|c|toncg+t|von+ou|+ioo^|^|cvcocst+-
bc|cc|mcntooco|vc|sossubs|o|os+|+mu|tosscto|cs|noust||+|sO|c+||coo+cnc|g|+c|ct||c+ou
ooscombust|vc|so|cm+|no+c|m+nccc|ncc|toocv|oo|+|t+ococn|iosob|cu+|ssubs|o|os
|c+|mcntcsc||+mconc|ct|z+oos
11 |couioo+scm|sscs,+:+n|vc|soc1990+tc.0.0cum+o|c|on+|ocs0`+tc.00
18 ^mc:c|+n|owc:^ct||scuss|ono:+|t||s,on|vc|cm|tt,;;|c::yscn+tcgov;+mc:|c+n,owc:+ct;,o|;^|^b|||,o|
19 |ocm
57
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
O|o,ctooc|c||oostoo||o|n|c||yc|oc||cbc|m+ntcmmu|tooosmcsmosnumc|osc+-
|mct|ostcmo|+|s+|++smct+soc|couiooccm|ssocsuc|o|+m|nc|u|oosn+^C|^
|o
ccst+-
bc|cccuc+scnt|o+ocs+b|+ng|o+soocmut|||z+|osc|co|tosoccomcns+io+|+ocmonst|+|+
con|o|m|o+occomnom+x|mo.b|||ocsoctonc|+o+soccm|ssocsocC||o|+no
Como no |o,cto oc |c| \+xm+n-|+||cy o ^|^ o|st|nguc cnt|c c|m|ssocs cm|t|o+s c|o go-
vc|noccomcns+ocsc||+o+so|um|o,ctoococscnvo|v|mcnto||mo+|ov+oouc|couz
+scm|ssocsocm+nc||+mcnsu|+vc||+um+v+||co+ococ|ontcsotcnc|+|s+|++scomcns+ocs
|nc|u|nooum+sc||coc|o,ctosoccomcns+ioo|cst+|ocsoc+o|cst+mcnto;|co|cst+mcnto
+|o,ctos|c|+c|on+oos||||
Comcns+ocso|cst+|sncccss|t+|iooc+|ov+ioc|o|n|tcot+tcs|c+|tmcnto|^g||cu|tu|c
||^coo||nv||onmcnt+|||otcct|on^gcncy||^(cio;,,(+)(+)(|)(|),;,)cum+vcz
+|ov+o+ssc|ioc|m|t|o+sno|cg|mcOsc|co|tosoo|og|+m+c||+oosc|+||^co||ôcvcm
sc|su|cmcnt+|csmcnsu|+vc|svc||c+vc|sccxcu|vc|s
c+|ov+o+um+o+sou+s|c|scmo|scussionoCong|csso^mc||c+noo||mc||o|c||ioocc|m|s-
socsoccm|ssioocvc|+oco||c|nom+|st+|o+|cm,+ocm+|ooc.o+.ccntio+ss+|++contccc|
t||mcst|+|mcntcô!c|Commoo|t|cs|utu|cs|+o|ngComm|ss|on(C|C)co+o+comctcn-
c|+;,u||so|ioc|+|+sob|cosmc|c+oosocc+|bono
|o|o,ctooc\+xm+n-|+||cycst+|cv|stouc,/oov+|o|tot+|+||cc+o+oocomo|c||ioocc|-
m|ssocsoccm|ssocsocc+|bonoocvcsc||csc|v+oo(|,,|,,b|||ocs;+no)+|+|otcgc|+s
o|cst+snos+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcnto+o|coo|oomunooOob,ct|von+|c|omovc||couocs
occm|ssocscu|v+|cntcs++o/o+scm|ssocsocc+|bono|c+||z+o+snos||^|stcmcc+n|smonio
cst+|cv|stono|o,ctooc|c|oc|c||y-||cbc|m+nouccocsconcc|t+ntc+|++|guns|cv+noo-sc
cmcont+uc+o|c|on+m+|sobst+cu|os+oob,ct|von+|oc|couz||+scm|ssocsum+vczuc+smc-
t+ssio+smcsm+suc+scont|o+sn+|c|\+xm+n-|+||cy^+uscnc|+ocsscs|ccu|sos|o|v|st+com
ocs+g|+ooo|+|gunsg|uos+mb|cnt+||st+scm|cs+soccnc|g|+cout|+scm|cs+s
40 Oc+,-+no-t:+occst+,:og:+m+oo,+:+comc+:cm.01!comum+mct+|n|c|+|oc:couiooc4.ò+scm|sscs+osn|vc|s
oc.00||ccn+s+nu+|soccm|sscs,ooc:iosc:cntiog:+ou+|mcntco|m|nu|o+s+c+o++no+,+:t|:oc.00.+,osou+|,c:-
m+nccc:+const+ntcOs,+o:cso+s:coucs(tooostom+noocomon|vc|o+nooc.00)sio.,o:su+vcz.um+:couiooc1`
+tc.0.0.4.`cm.0!0.cs!`cm.00(:cosn|vc|soccm|sscssiocncont:+ooso||c:cntcscm+|gumoctc:m|n+oo,onto.+|c|
|ocnt|c+como,oss|vc|.,ostc:|o:mcntc.+,ust+:osn|vc|soccm|sscsoc|o:m++co::cs,onoc:comosnovoso+oos)
58
|m oos mot|vos ||cucntcmcntc c|t+oos +|+ + +tu+| |nc++c|o+oc oc sc c|cg+| + um +co|oo
c||m+t|co|ntc|n+c|on+|c+|+|t+occom|om|ssooos||^commco|o+soc|couiooccm|ssocsoc
C||coccomb+tcsmuo+n+sc||m+t|c+s+|vcz+go|++|no+uccommco|o+s+ucmooncccs-
s+||om+|sct++ssc|io|m|cmcnt+o+so|um+|cg|s|+iocm|o|ooc||m+nos||^tcnooo-
|cst+scomoumcomoncntc|uno+mcnt+||o|cnu+ntoouc|+occonc|ctono|o,ctooc|c|
+|cscnt+ooc|osscn+oo|cs|c||yc||bc|m+ncuc|cctco||ct+mcntcnocomc|c|ocomos+|scs
cmocscnvo|v|mcntocucos|ooutos|mo|t+oos+|t+mcntc|ntcns|voscmc+|bonoooc|iosc|
t+x+oos
|+
ct+||c||o|+|ov+o+ooc|+vc|um+g|+nocoo|tun|o+ocococscnvo|v|mcnto+|+o
||+s||o|s+m+t||zcnc|gct|c++u|c|c|+t|v+mcntc||m+(cxcctonoscto|+g|occu+||o+|no+mu|-
toc+|bono|ntcns|vo)oc|o|m+ucos|ooutosb|+s||c||osooc||+mcncont|+|v+nt+gcnscmcom-
+|+iocom|numc|osout|osmc|c+oos|ocnt+ntotuoov+|occnoc|o+s|ox|m+so|scussocs
+|csc|tooct+||c|ucoocmt+nto|omu|g+-|+u+ntocntc||+-|+o||t|c+mcntccomonoc+so
o+|c||c||y-|oxc|ocoutub|ooo+no+ss+oo|n|c||zmcntccom+|cccntcc|c|ioocum+m+|o||+
|cub||c+n+noCong|csso^mc||c+nocmoo|socnovcmb|ooc.o+o++om|n|st|+io+mc||c+n+,+
niovccomocc|too+v+non+|cg|s|+iosob|cc||m+ccnc|g|+
^|cg|s|+iosc+|ov+o++|no+tc|+oc+ss+|c|o|occssooc|cconc|||+iocomo|o,cto|oos-
ton+Cm+|+no+no+ss+oo(|c|\+xm+n-|+||cy)|csmo+ss|mum|otc||ogc|+|+|ccccst+|sc
|o|m+nooc+|++uc|csucvcm+o|+noocss+|cg|s|+iocst+cum+bo+not|c|+|o|out|o|+oo
cssc|o,ctooc|c|cv|stocomo+|goucniotc|+u+|uc|c|c|too||ctoous|gn|c+ntcsob|cos+to-
|csucnio+tu+mnomc|c+oooos||ô|scstcso|cxcm|oosmc|c+oosocc+|bonocu|ocu
sio|o|tcmcntcb+sc+ooscmmc|c+oosvo|unt+||os(noucsc|c|c|c+oc+|bonoo|cst+|)com
um|ntc|csscm+|sgc|+|cmcomcns+ocsc+||sm+t|c+scnu+ntoucomc|c+oooos||^sc-
||+b+sc+oo|coom|n+ntcmcntcnoc|ct|vocum||mcntoocmct+soc|couiooccm|ssocs|css+
|o|m+|utu|+mcntc+sou+s|cg|ocsoocmoc|+|cmun|vc|sos+|+|c|os
41 |+:+umcom,+:+t|voo+s|c|svc:t+bc|+o+,ub||c+o+nos|tco+:c|cncc|tt,;;ncwssc|cnccm+go:g;sc|cncc|ns|oc:;.010;0;
|c::y||cbc:m+n-+mc:|c+n-,owc:-+c|tm|:ss=1
59
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
PARTE III
Uma estratgia nacional de REDD para o Brasil: os
elementos j existentes
Con|o|mc,+comcnt+oocmbo|+oscs|o|osoc|couiooccm|ssocsocC||o||uno+so+uc|m+
occombust|vc|s|ossc|scm+|scsocscnvo|v|oossc,+mcsscnc|+|s+|++m|t|g+ioo+muo+n+c||-
m+t|c+g|ob+|omcc+n|smo||||comocst+bc|cc|ooc|o|+|||o+o|+|c|cscnt++|tc|m-
o|t+ntcocss+cst|+tcg|+g|ob+|(tc|n.oosCu|||sonct+|.oo;)|o|t+nto||||ooc||+scto|n+|
um+|c+||o+occmb|cvcccomo,+|o|+ss|n+|+ooo||+s||ooc|+scbcncc|+|oct+|mcc+n|smo
c+sosc+ntcc|cn+const|uioocum+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|oc||||
Com + +|ov+io o+ |c| +.+s;;.oo, uc |nst|tu|u + |o||t|c+ |+c|on+| sob|c |uo+n+ oo C||m+
(|||C)o||+s||co|ocou-sccmum+os|ioocv+ngu+|o+cocc|cg|b|||o+occm|c|+io+o|utu-
|omcc+n|smooc||||^|no++soc|co+ocb|+s||c||+(|o|tcmcntc|nucnc|+o+c|osmov|mcntos
soc|o+mb|cnt+|sc|+comun|o+occ|cnt|c+co|g+n|z+ocso+soc|co+occ|v||)tcmum+c|ccio
c|csccntc oc uc os custos cconom|cos c soc|+|s cnvo|v|oos com o ocsm+t+mcnto n+ ^m+zon|+
siomu|tom+|sc|cv+oosoouc+uc|cs|c|+c|on+oossu+consc|v+io^soc|co+occ|+m+c|+
|otcioo+so|cst+sc|couioooocsm+t+mcntocomo|o|m+occont||bu||+|++m|t|g+ioo+s
muo+n+sc||m+t|c+s(|out|n|o.oo;)
V+||os c|cmcntos (vc,+ |ox|m+s scocs) oocm sc| cons|oc|+oos c|o ||+s|| +|+ uc sc conso||-
occomo||oc|+n+muno|+|nocn||cnt+mcntoo+scm|ssocso||uno+sooocsm+t+mcntoc+,uoc+
v|+b|||z+|ummcc+n|smog|ob+|oc||||^muo+n+ocos|iooogovc|nob|+s||c||o|cg|st|+o+
+o|ongooosu|t|mosu+t|o+nosocconsc|v+oo|+u+ntoc|cg|b|||o+oco+|couioooocsm+t+-
mcntocomo+ioocm|t|g+ioo+muo+n+c||m+t|c+(|out|n|o.oo,+)+|++|gom+|s|oos|t|-
vot|ouxc|csu|t+oosos|t|vosucc|m|tcm+o+|s|m|cmcnt+|um+cst|+tcg|+oc||||scnio
n+c|on+| c|o mcnos +m+zon|c+ Como ,+ mcnc|on+oo o govc|no b|+s||c||o |+nou oc|+|mcntc
o |unoo ^m+zon|+ (oct+||+oo + scgu||) ^|cm oo ||+no |+c|on+| oc |uo+n+s C||m+t|c+s uc
sc|++b+sco+|||C(o|+noc+o||t|c+sc|iocx||c|t+ooscmoct+||ccmum+sciocscc|c+
ocstcvo|umc)oscst+ooso+^m+zon|+|cg+|cstio|+n+nooscus|o||os|+nos+|+cont|o|+|o
ocsm+t+mcntoc+|gunsoc|cs(|+|+|+toC|osso^c|cc^m+zon+s)cst+bc|ccc|+mmct+su+n-
t|t+t|v+s oc |couio oc ocsm+t+mcnto c |+nos cst+ou+|s +|+ |||| (t+|s |+nos cstio t+mbcm
oct+||+oos cm um+ scio cscc|c+ m+|s + ||cntc) |stc contcxto con|c|c +o ||+s|| + c++c|o+oc
ocncgoc|+ionomb|too+|||CCC|nc|u|noo+|ocst+bc|cc|mcntoocmct+sob||g+to||+sm+|s
+mb|c|os+so|+|tcoos+|scsocscnvo|v|oosnum+co|ooos.o+.cocconst|u||su+|o||+cs-
t|+tcg|+n+c|on+|oc||||
Plano de ao para a preveno e controle do desmatamento na
Amaznia Legal (PPCDAM)
O||mc||o|+nocom+ocs+|t|cu|+o+soccomb+tc+oocsm+t+mcnto+m+zon|co|o|o||C|^|
ucsu|g|ucomo|csost+oogovc|no|coc|+|+o+umcntoo+st+x+sooocsm+t+mcnto|cg|st|+o+s
no|n|c|ooos+nos.oooc+|cssioo+soc|co+occ|v||o|+cocsoccont|o|cO|+noc||+oocm
.oo|cst+cmsu+scguno+|+sc(.oo,-.o++)
|i
|csocscu|n|c|oo|+noc|ntcg|+ooo|+,m|n|stc-
||osoogovc|no|coc|+|ccst+sob+coo|ocn+ioo||ct+o+C+s+C|v||o+||cs|ocnc|+o+|cub||c+O
scuob,ct|voc|omovc|+uco+cont|nu+o+st+x+sococsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+b|+s||c||+cm
o||cio+oocsm+t+mcnto||cg+|zc|oo|mc|oocumcon,untooc+ocs|ntcg|+o+soco|ocn+mcn-
totc|||to||+|c|uno|+||omon|to|+mcntoccont|o|c|omcnto++t|v|o+ocs|oout|v+ssustcnt+vc|s
cnvo|vcnoo+|cc||+scnt|co|gios|coc|+|sgovc|noscst+ou+|s|c|c|tu|+scnt|o+ocso+soc|co+oc
c|v||coscto|||v+oo|+|++t|ng||oob,ct|vosu+cst|+tcg|+ocsoob|+-scn+comb|n+iocnt|ct|cs
c|xoso|ocn+mcntotc|||to||+|c|uno|+||omon|to|+mcntoccont|o|c+mb|cnt+|sc|omcnto++t|v|-
o+ocs|oout|v+ssustcnt+vc|s
ô |ongo oos +nos o ||C|^| |c+||zou |mo|t+ntcs |n|c|+t|v+s cnt|c c|+s +) + c||+io oc ., m|-
||ocs oc |cct+|cs cm un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io |coc|+|s cm +|c+s |css|on+o+s c|+ cx+nsio oo
ocsm+t+mcntob)+o|o+|++c||+ioc|oscst+ooso+|cg|ioocm+|s.,m|||ocsoc|+cm|Cs
c) |n|b|io oc eo m|| t|tu|os oc |movc|s |u|+|s nio |cc+o+st|+oos c|+ntc +o |nc|+ o) |+n+mcnto
oo|+c|ozonc+mcnto|conom|coc|co|og|coo+^m+zon|+c+o|o+osz||scst+ou+|sc)|omo-
|og+iooc+om|||ocsoc|+occ||+s|no|gcn+sc)c||+ioocnovoss|stcm+socmon|to|+mcnto
(||||||C|^||||X)c+||mo|+mcntooo||O|||)|c+||z+ioocccntcn+sococ|+ocs
oc sc+||z+io oo |b+m+ |ntcg|+o+s com + |o||c|+ |coc|+| |xc|c|to |o|+ |+c|on+| oc cgu|+n+
cout|oso|giosoc|c|cssiocomusooc|c||+mcnt+soc|ntc||gcnc|+cmon|to|+mcntog)|c|oc
Ccstiooc||o|cst+s|ub||c+scom+occo||cntcc||+ioooc|v|o||o|cst+|||+s||c||oc+||c|t+io
o+||mc||++|c+occonccssioo|cst+|n+o|cst+n+c|on+|oo|+m+||(|O)+|cmo+|)c||+iooo
|unoo^m+zon|+
42 |tt,;;wwwc+s+c|v||govb:;c+m+:+s;g:u,os;+m+z_|cg+|
61
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
O||+no+ssouo|um++v+||+iocm.oosuccmb+sousu+|cv|sio+|++|+sc+tu+|(.oo,-.o++)
|csoco|n|c|o+tco|cscntco||+notcmconscgu|oo+t|+vcss+|osocs+oscc||+|+scono|ocs
+|+++io|ntcg|+o+ooso|gios|+su+|+sc+tu+|+cn|+scoo||+nocst+ccnt|+o+n+n+c|on+||z+-
ioo+scst|+tcg|+soc|couioooocsm+t+mcnto|mocco||cnc|+sctccst+oos(oosnovc)o+|cg|io
,+cont+mcomosscus|cscct|vos|+nosoccont|o|cooocsm+t+mcnto|+mcsm+o||cio|o|+m
|m|cmcnt+o+s+ocscmmun|c||osonocoocsm+t+mcntomost|ou-scc||t|cog|++s+||c+io
oo|cc|ctoe,.+;.oo;c+Oc|+io^|coVc|oc|c|gu+|moootcms|oocst|mu|+oo+|o|mu|+io
oc+ctosscto||+|soc|couioooocsm+t+mcntocomonoc+soo+|oouioocg|++os(so,+)c|n-
oust||+m+oc||c||+c+|+osocm+|sb|om+so+nooo||gcm++|+noscscc|coscomo||Cc||+oo
ucscguc+smcsm+sb+scsoo||C|^mm+scomum+cst|+tcg|++o+t+o++ob|om+
|mbo|+nioscocsc+|tc++|t|c|+ioocout|os|+to|cs(o+|csct+|.o+o)ooc-sccon|c|||+o||-
C|^|not+o+mcntc+oscucomoncntcoccom+nooccont|o|c+|tco+|couioo+t+x++nu+|
ooco|tc|+so|cg|st|+o+nosu|t|mos+nosn+|cg|io|cum+t+m+|oc.;m|||mòc+|c+ocso|cs-
t+o+cm.oo|t+|t+x+|ccuou+|+e,|+|m`cm.o+o(|couiooc;e/)oc+co|oocom+cst|m+t|v+
m+|s|cccntcoo||||;||O|||ssocontuoonios|gn|c+uco|ob|cm+tcn|+|cso|v|ooôcon-
t|+||o+s+v+||+ocs|no|c+mucccsscnc|+|+|c+n+||m+ctosm+|ss|gn|c+t|vosn+s+ocsvo|t+o+s
+|+o|omcnto++t|v|o+ocs|oout|v+ssustcnt+vc|suc|+so||cnt+o+s+|+t|+t+|oos|ob|cm+s
|uno|+||os+ssoc|+oos+oocsm+t+mcnto||cg+|+|cmoccont|nu+|+||c+noo+|cg|s|+io+mb|cnt+|
ucv|s++umcnt+|+|csons+b|||z+iooctooosos+gcntcsuco||ct+c|no||ct+mcntc+ssoc|+m-sc
||cg+||o+ocooco|tc|+soo+o|cst+
|m++v+||+iooc|+|occ+o+umoost|cssubg|uos
|
oc+iooo||C|^||c+||z+o+cm.oos(||-
C|^|^v+||+io.oo|-.oo;|cv|sio.oos)
||
|no|couumocscmcn|o|ntc|mco|+||oo+s+ocs
|c|+t|v+s+oo|ocn+mcnto|uno|+||ocb+|xou+ntos+ocsoc|omcnto++t|v|o+ocssustcnt+vc|s
||ob|cm+su+ntocst|utu|+c|ccu|sos+|+o|giosoc|+|scomo|nc|+c|b+m+cxc|cc|cmum+
c|ct|v+ sc+||z+io c |omovc| so|uocs |uno|+||+s |o|+m c|t+o+s como c+us+s oo ocscmcn|o
+ucmooocsc,+ooComo|csu|t+ooo+sc+m+n|+soogovc|noocsc+||z+ioccomb+tc+oocs-
m+t+mcntoomc||o|ocscmcn|ooo||+no|o|u+nto+omon|to|+mcntoccont|o|c^+v+||+io
t+mbcmc|t+ucnio|+conscnsonogovc|non+|ocnt|c+ioo+s||nc|+|sc+us+sooocsm+t+-
mcntoouc|c,uo|c++tom+o+oc+ocscon,unt+sO||+no+|no+sccncont|+cm|occssooc
|cv|siocmbo|+onovoc||ooooc+ocs+sc|cm|+nc,+o+ssc,+oc.oo,+.o++
41 :ubg:u,o1o:ocn+mcnto|uno|+:|o.subg:u,o.mon|to:+mcntoccont:o|c.subg:u,o!|omcnto+s+t|v|o+ocssustcnt+vc|s
44 |tt,;;www+m+zon|+o:gb:;+:u|vos;.9!9,o|
62
Plano Amaznia Sustentvel (PAS)
O||+no^m+zon|+ustcnt+vc|(|^)cst+bc|cc|oocm.oosc|ogovc|no|coc|+|cm+|cc||+com
oscst+ooso+^m+zon|+|cg+||o|c||+oocomoob,ct|voococn||+so||ct||zcs+|+oocscnvo|v|-
mcntosustcnt+vc|n+^m+zon|+b|+s||c||+|oonoocst|+tcg|+sc||n|+soc+ioucbusc+mooc-
scnvo|v|mcntosoc|occonom|co-+mb|cnt+|n+|cg|io
Com+|ntcniooccst+bc|ccc|umnovomooc|oococscnvo|v|mcnton+^m+zon|+scnoocn|+-
t|z+ooootcnc|+|+mb|cnt+|o|^||o||z++gc|+iooccm|cgoc|cno+o+ou|+ioucv|vc
o+ o|cst+ +t|+vcs o+ |m|cmcnt+io oc nov+s +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s c sustcnt+vc|s n+ |cg|io c
+|couioo+socs|gu+|o+ocssoc|+|s^ss|mo||+noossu|c|ncoc|xosoc+ioosu+|s+|mc,+m+
const|uioo+sb+scstccn|c+sccconom|c+s+|+oocscnvo|v|mcntosustcnt+vc|+|cmocso|uc|o-
n+|+|||cgu|+||o+octc|||to||+|cx|stcntccmo|vc|sosontoso+^m+zon|+Osc|xossio(+)|oouio
sustcnt+vc|com|nov+ioccomct|t|v|o+oc(.)gcstio+mb|cnt+|co|ocn+mcntotc|||to||+|(,)go-
vc|n+n+|nc|usiosoc|+|cc|o+o+n|+(|)|m|cmcnt+iooc|n||+cst|utu|++|+oocscnvo|v|mcnto
c(,)cst+bc|cc|mcntoocumnovo+o|iocconom|co
|o|niosc|um|+nooc|+c|on+|m+ss|mcst|+tcg|coo|^cng|ob+o|vc|sos|o,ctosuctcm
++|t|c|+iooccst+oosmun|c||osO|Csccomun|o+ocs|oc+|ssob+coo|ocn+io|coc|+t|v+
oo||n|stc||ooo|c|o^mb|cntcO|og|+m+cons|oc|++|no+ot|+t+mcntoo||c|cnc|+oos|cg|-
ocsoco|cst+coccc||+ooocnt|oo+^m+zon|+|cg+|+ocst+bc|ccc|ozonc+mcnto|co|og|coc
|conom|co(z||)|nt|cos|o,ctosoo|^cm+no+mcntoocst+c+m-sc(+)o||+nooc|cscnvo|-
v|mcnto |cg|on+| ustcnt+vc| +|+ + ^|c+ oc |nucnc|+ o+ |ooov|+ ||-+e, (Cu|+b+-+nt+|cm) (.)
o||+nooc|cscnvo|v|mcntoc|||to||+|ustcnt+vc|+|+o^|u|c|+gooo|+|+,oco(,)||+nooc
|cscnvo|v|mcnto|cg|on+|ustcnt+vc|ooX|ngu
Oocscnvo|v|mcntooc+t|v|o+ocs+mb|cnt+|mcntcv|+vc|sccconom|c+mcntc|+vo|+vc|s+cuc-
nos |oouto|cs cxt|+t|v|st+s c +g||co|+s como c+st+n|c||os +||+oo +o +o|o tccn|co-n+ncc||o
c+|m|cmcnt+iooccomcns+ocs+|++|csc|v+ioo+o|cst+cmcsiotcm+socsum+
|mo|tnc|+no|occssoococscnvo|v|mcntosoc|occonom|coc+mb|cnt+|nos|o,ctosoo|^
||nc|+|mcntco|cst+s+|c+ssc|cmoc+|t+vu|nc|+b|||o+ocu+ntocomc|c|+||z+ioocm+oc|-
|+||cg+|ccx+nsioo+ccu+||+
|v|ocntcmcntco|^tcmt+mbcmo+c|ocsc|um+o||t|c+oc+||n|+mcntooogovc|no|coc|+|
u+nto+ocum||mcntoo+smct+s|ntc|n+c|on+|s+|ov+o+sc|o||+s||cos|csu|t+oos+u|c||oos
c|os|og|+m+soo|^|nucnc|+|ioniosomcntcos|utu|osmc|c+oosoccomc|c|+||z+ioocc|c-
63
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
o|tosocc+|bonom+st+mbcm+ocm+no+|utu|+o||ooutos+g|occu+||os++|t||oomomcn-
tocmuccx|st+um+umcntoo+ocm+no+o||ooutossustcnt+vc|s
Fundo Amaznia
O|unoo^m+zon|+cons|stccmummcc+n|smo|oostoc|ogovc|nob|+s||c||oou|+ntc+CO|-+.
cm|+||ob|(.ooe)v|s+noo+cont||bu|iovo|unt+||+oc+|scscmocscnvo|v|mcnto+|++|couiooc
cm|ssocsocg+scsocc|c|tocstu|+|csu|t+ntcsooocsm+t+mcntoco+ocg|+o+ioo+so|cst+s
C||+oocm+oc+gostooc.oosc|o|cc|ctone,.;o|unootcmcomo||nc|+|ob,ct|vo+c+-
t+iooc|ccu|sos+|+|o,ctoscm+ocsoc|cvcniomon|to|+mcntoccomb+tc+oocsm+t+-
mcntococ|omoioo+consc|v+iocusosustcnt+vc|nob|om++m+zon|co^|cm o|sso o-
oc|io sc| ut|||z+oos +tc .o/ oos |ccu|sos oo |unoo no ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc s|stcm+s
ocmon|to|+mcntoccont|o|cooocsm+t+mcntocmout|osb|om+sb|+s||c||osbcmcomo
cmout|os+|scst|o|c+|s(||^.oos)
Os|o,ctossubmct|oos+o|unoo^m+zon|+tcmc+|+tc|nio|ccmbo|s+vc|ousc,+scmocvo|uio
oos|ccu|soscscmns|uc|+t|vosocvcnooobsc|v+|+sscgu|ntcs+|c+stcm+t|c+s
1) Ccstiooco|cst+sub||c+sc+|c+s|otcg|o+s
.) Cont|o|cmon|to|+mcntocsc+||z+io+mb|cnt+|
!) |+nc,oo|cst+|sustcnt+vc|
4) ^t|v|o+ocscconom|c+socscnvo|v|o+s++|t||oousosustcnt+vc|o+o|cst+
) z||o|ocn+mcntotc|||to||+|c|cgu|+||z+io|uno|+||+
o) Consc|v+iocusosustcnt+vc|o+b|oo|vc|s|o+occ
) |ccuc|+iooc+|c+socsm+t+o+s
O|unoocont||bu||++|+o+|c+ncco+smct+so+|||C(vc,+sciom+|s+o|+ntc)cmcscc|+|o
ob,ct|von||couiooc|./o+t+x+ococsm+t+mcntonoc||ooo.ooe-.o+ocmcom+|+io
com+t+x+mco|+ococsm+t+mcntonoc||ooo+,,e-.oo,(+,,,,|m`;+,,m|||ocsoc|+)c|cou-
ocs+o|c|on+|soc|./+c+o+,+nos|csu|t+noonum+|couiotot+|ocso/cm.o.o
|
(||gu|+|)
4s 8usc+nooum+com,+t|b|||o+occomo,c:|oooocn|oo,c|o|unoo^m+zon|+(oc+nos)ccomosob,ct|vosocmco|o,:+zo
,+:+.0.0.um+vc:sio+tu+||z+o+oo||+no|+c|on+|sob:c|uo+n+ooC||m+|o|+,:cscnt+o+n+CO|-1.cmCo,cn|+guc(8:+z||s
Cont:|but|ontoC||m+tcC|+ngc||t|g+t|on.,19)
64
^gcstiooos|ccu|sosoo+oos+o|unoo^m+zon|+c|c+||z+o+c|o|+nco|+c|on+|oc|cscnvo|v|-
mcnto|conom|cococ|+|(||||)+|gcstiocnvo|vcb+s|c+mcntc+|ntcg|+iooc|occo|mcn-
toscocc|socsocscust|cso|gios||nc|+|soCom|tcO||cnt+oo|(|csons+vc|c|+ocn|ioo+s
o||ct||zcscst|+tcg|c+scc||tc||os+|+++||c+iooos|ccu|sosccomostoo||c|cscnt+ntcsoo
govc|noco+soc|co+occ|v||)oCom|tcccn|co(cst+bc|cc|ooc|o||^+|+cc|t|c+|oso+oosc
mctooosocc+|cu|oo+scm|ssocscv|t+o+s)coCcsto|oo|unoo(||||)
|+|+x+|os||m|tcs+nu+|socc+t+io|o|ocscnvo|v|ooum+|mct|oocnom|n+oo+x+oc|cs-
m+t+mcnto|co|o(||)uccoctc|m|n+ooc|+s|couocsoccm|ssocso||uno+sooocsm+t+-
mcnton+^m+zon|+b|+s||c||++c+o++no^|couioocc+o++noocvc||c+iosc|+con||ont+o+
com+||occ||ooosoc+o+nosuc|unc|on+comoum+||n|+ocb+sc|ss+mco|+oc+o+nos
sc|++tu+||z+o++c+o+c|nco+nos^ss|mscnoo+||+,,e-.oo,sc|+con||ont+o+com+s+x+soc
|csm+t+mcnto+nu+|s(|)oc.ooe+.o+o|+nosc||ooossubscucntcscomoo|cxcm|ooc
.o+++.o+,+st+x+sococsm+t+mcnto+nu+|ssc|iocon||ont+o+scom||oc.ooe+.o+o(vc,+
||gu|+ |) ^ss|m u+|uc| t+x+ oc ocsm+t+mcnto |n|c||o| || gc|+||+ + cm|ssio oc o||om+s
(cc|t|c+oos)cu+|uc|t+x+ococsm+t+mcntosuc||o|||niogc|+||++cm|ssiooco||om+s
+|cm oo uc os v+|o|cs uc u|t|++ss+|cm + |c|c||o+ mco|+ ocvc||+m sc| ocouz|oos oc oss|vc|s
c+t+ocsnos+nosscgu|ntcs
|o|ucstocsmctooo|og|c+so|unoo^m+zon|+cst+bc|cccu+cu|v+|cnc|+oc+ootonc|+o+socc+|-
bono+|+c+o+|cct+|cocb|om+ss+(tC;|+)ouccu|v+|c+,e;tonc|+o+socCO.co||cct+|c
tcnoocomob+sco|+to|occonvc|sioocC+|+CO.(~=,e;)^sc+t+ocsoccont||bu|ocs+|+
+scm|ssocscv|t+o+sno+no-c+|cno+||ooc.ooesc|n|c|+|+mcm+gostooc.ooscsccstcnoc|+m
+tc,u||ooc.oo,|+|+cssc||mc||oc||oooocc+t+ocs|o|ut|||z+ooov+|o|+o|iooc|,,oo;
tCO.cOsv+|o|cs|utu|os||iov+||+|oc+co|oocom+o|nm|c+oo|unoo||nc|+|mcntc|cv+noo
cmcons|oc|+io+ocm+no+oc|o,ctos
Comocxcm|o|+t|co+|+cssc||mc||oc||oooocc+t+ocsut|||z+noo+|oc.ooeuc|o|
oc+|o,,oo|+ccons|oc|+noo+||ooc||ooooc+,,e+.oo,oc+,,o;s,|+o|unooooc||+
c+t+||ccu|sos|c|+t|vos|couioooocsm+t+mcntoco||csonocntc+,|ess,|+(o||c|cn+cnt|c
osoo|sv+|o|cs||+,,e-.oo,co+|.ooe)|ssos|gn|c+cmtc|moso+scm|ssocscv|t+o+s+|+
o+nooc.ooe+|ox|m+o+mcntc,|,m|||ocsoctonc|+o+socc+|bonoou.oom|||ocstonc|+o+s
ocCO.c^ss|mcomb+scn+|couioo+t+x+ococsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+cm.ooecsscv+-
|o|occm|ssocscv|t+o+sc|m|t|||++o|unooo+||cc+o+mcntooc+tc|,+b|||ioncssc||mc||o
c||oooocc+t+io
65
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
^soo+ocs+o|unoo^m+zon|+siovo|unt+||+scoocmsc||c+||z+o+so|u+|uc|cm|cs+|ns-
t|tu|iomu|t||+tc|+|o|g+n|z+ionio-govc|n+mcnt+|cgovc|nosô|cccbc|um+oo+ioo||||
cm|tco||om+snom|n+|sc|nt|+ns|c||vc|s|ccon|cccnoo+cont||bu|iooosoo+oo|cs|o|sct|+t+|
ocum+cst|+tcg|+vo|unt+||+oso||om+scm|t|oosniogc|+mo||c|toocc|co|toocc+|bono+|+
comcns+ocs|m.,ocm+|ooc.oo,o|unoo^m+zon|+|cccbcu+su+||mc||+oo+iooc|,
++om|||ocsoogovc|noo+|o|ucg+(+otoooo+|soo+|+|,+b|||io+tc.o+,sc+st+x+sococs-
m+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+cont|nu+|cm+c+||)
66
Plano Nacional sobre Mudana do Clima
O||+no|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+|+n+oonoo|++ococzcmb|ooc.oostcmcomoob-
,ct|vogc|+||nccnt|v+|oocscnvo|v|mcntooc+ocscco|+bo|+|comocs|o|omuno|+|occomb+tc
smuo+n+sc||m+t|c+sO|+nobusc+c||+|cono|ocs|ntc|n+s+|+cn||cnt+|+sconscucnc|+sso-
c|+|sccconom|c+so+smuo+n+sc||m+t|c+scocnc+s+ocscmco|o+sucv|s+mm|t|g+iobcm
como++o+t+iomuo+n+ooc||m+||c|nc|u|mct+s+|++|couioooocsm+t+mcnto+|++
|cg|io^m+zon|c+ccc||+oobcmcomoout|+smco|o+sn+s+|c+soc|oouiooccnc|g|+c|ct||-
c+c+|viob|oo|csc|+|coo|cst|mu|o+|ontcs|cnov+vc|sc+m||+iooc|n|c|+t|v+soc|cc|c|+gcm
0
5000
1
9
9
6
1
9
9
8
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
4
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
8
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
4
2
0
1
6
2
0
1
8
2
0
2
0
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
D
e
s
m
a
t
a
m
e
n
t
o

A
n
u
a
l

(
k
m
2
)
rea desmatada
Desmatamento Projetado
Mdia Desmatamento
(1996-2005)
Meta de reduo do
desmatamento
42%
42%
42%
80%
Iigura 4. Meta de reduo de 42% do desmatamento a cada 5 anos at 2020, de acordo com as metas
voluntrias assumidas pelo Brasil na COP-15 em Copenhagen.
Fonte: ||^..009
Osob,ct|voscscc|cosoo||+nosio(+)+|omoiooousom+|scc|cntcoos|ccu|sosn+tu|+|s
c|cnt|costccno|og|cosc|um+nosbusc+noo-sc|couz||ocontcuooocc+|bonooo|||(.)m+ntc|
67
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
c|cv+o+++|t|c|+iooccnc|g|+|cnov+vc|n+m+t||zc|ct||c+oo||+s||como+cnc|g|+co||c+so|+|
cob+g+oo+c+n+-oc-+uc+|(,)+umcnt+|sustcnt+vc|mcntc++|t|c|+ioocb|combust|vc|sn+
m+t||zoct|+nso|tcsn+c|on+|(|)|couz||sustcnt+vc|mcntc+st+x+sococsm+t+mcntocmtooosos
b|om+sb|+s||c||os+tcucsc+t|n,+oocsm+t+mcnto||cg+|zc|o(,)c||m|n+|+c|o+||u|o+o++|c+
occobc|tu|+o|cst+|no||+s||+tc.o+,(|ssos|gn|c+niosoconsc|v+|+so|cst+scomot+mbcm
oob|+|++|c+o+so|cst+s|+nt+o+s+tc.o.o)(e)|o|t+|ccc|c|omovc|+ocs+|+|couz||+svu|nc-
|+b|||o+ocso+sou|+ocso|+ntcoosc|c|toso+smuo+n+sc||m+t|c+sc+umcnt+|su+c++c|o+oc
oc+uto-o|g+n|z+ioc(;)|o|t+|ccc|oocscnvo|v|mcntooccsu|s+sc|cnt|c+s+|+ucscoss+
t|++|um+cst|+tcg|+ucm|n|m|zcoscustossoc|occonom|cosoo+|s+|+++o+t+io+os|m+c-
tosocco||cntcso+muo+n+ooc||m+O||+no|o||+t|c+mcntctoooc|c|nco|o|+oon+|o||t|c+
|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+C||m+t|c+(|||C)
Poltica Nacional sobre Mudana do Clima (PNMC)
O+sso||sto||coo+ooc|ogovc|nob|+s||c||oc++zocc||+|+sb+scsocumocscnvo|v|mcntoocb+|-
x+cm|ssioocc+|bono|o|+s+niocm.,ococzcmb|ooc.oo,o+|c||coc|+|n+.+s;uc|nst|tu|u
+|||C
|o
|st+o||t|c+v|s+com+t|b|||z+ioooocscnvo|v|mcntocconom|co-soc|+|com+|otc-
iooos|stcm+c||m+t|coo|mc|oo+|couioo+scm|ssocs+nt|o|c+socC||o||uno+soco||c|cntcs
|ontcs cus ob,ct|vos ocvc|io cst+| scm|c cm consonnc|+ com o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| c
|nccnt|v+|+|omoiocoocscnvo|v|mcntooccsu|s+sc|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+sbcmcomo+o||usio
octccno|og|+s|occssosc|+t|c+so||cnt+o+s+m|t|g+|+muo+n+ooc||m+o|mc|oo+|couiooc
cm|ssocso||ontcscoo|o|t+|cc|mcntoocss+so|sum|oou|osocC||^|||C+|no+t|+zocst+bc-
|cc|mcntooc+o|ocs+mb|cnt+|scocmct+su+nt|c+vc|scvc||c+vc|s+|++|couiooccm|ssocs
no||+s||Con|o|mco+|t|go+.o+|c|o||+s||+oot+|+comocom|om|sson+c|on+|+ocsocm|t|g+-
ioo+scm|ssocscomv|st+scm|couz||cnt|c,e+/c,s,/su+scm|ssocs|o,ct+o+s+tc.o.o(|sso
cu|v+|c+um+|couiooc+;/com+|+o++osn|vc|soc.oo,)
|;
|stcob,ct|vo|nc|u|+mct+oc|cou-
ioocso/ooocsm+t+mcntoo+^m+zon|+con|o|mc||ust|++||gu|+|
Com|c|+io+o|o|m+ton+|o+|c|t|csvctos|cs|ocnc|+|s|o|+mcon|c||oos+su+|o|m+o||g|n+|O
||mc||ooosontosvct+ooscouc|o|bcocont|ngcnc|+mcntooc|ccu|soscom+ocsoccn||cn-
4 |tt,;;www,|+n+|togovb:;cc|v||_0!;_+to.00-.010;.009;|c|;|1.1s|tm
41 O8:+s||+,:cscntousu+smct+soc:couiob+sc+o+snumccn+:|ooc:couiooc||oc!.1+!s.9`cm.0.0.com,+:+oo
com+scm|sscsucoco::c:|+mscn+o+|ossc|c|to.+ssum|nooumc:csc|mcntooo||8cnt:c`c`.umnumc:ob+st+ntcc|cv+oo.
cons|oc:+nooo,+ss+oo:cccntc|tt,;;www|,+mo:gb:;m+|s;b|og,ost|o=
68
t+mcntoo+smuo+n+sc||m+t|c+s+mbcm|o|vct+oo+co|oooo||n|stc||ooc||n+sc|nc|g|+
o |tcm uc t|+t+ oo cst|mu|o +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c +o uso oc tccno|og|+s ||m+s c +o +u|+t|no
+b+noonooousooc|ontcscnc|gct|c+sucut|||zcmcombust|vc|s|ossc|sOtc|cc||ovcto|cc+|uso-
b|co^|t|go+ouct|+t+o+subst|tu|iog|+o+t|v+ooscombust|vc|s|ossc|sccst+bc|ccc+s|o|m+s
comosc||+|c|t+css+subst|tu|io
|o|s|nst|umcntosoco||t|c++|++cxccuioo+|||Csio|ccon|cc|oosn+|c|o||+no|+c|on+|
sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+co|unoo|+c|on+|sob|coc|uo+n+ooC||m+uct+mbcm|o||nst|tu-
|ooo||c|(|c|n+.++|oc,ococzcmb|ooc.oo,)^|||Cscocsoob|+|n|c|+|mcntccmc|nco
|+nosscto||+|s(+)oc|couioocso/ooocsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+(.)oc|couiooc|o/oo
ocsm+t+mcntonob|om+cc||+oo+ocs+|+(,)+|+oscto|occnc|g|+(o|cxcm|omc||o|+|+
cc|cnc|+oct|+nsm|ssioc|ct||c+cum+m+|o|ut|||z+ioocb|combust|vc|s)(|)+|+++g||cu|tu|+c
ccu+||+c(,)+|++|noust||+mct+|u|g|c+(subst|tu|noooc+|viom|nc|+|c|oc+|viovcgct+|cm
|uno|iooc|c||o)|mum+||mc||+|+sc(+b|||-+gosto.o+o)csscsc|nco|+noscstioscnooc|+bo|+-
oosco|scut|ooscom+soc|co+occm+uo|cnc|+sub||c+sOut|os|+nos|nc|u|nooum+|+oscto|
oct|+nso|tcssc|ioc|+bo|+oosc|m|cmcnt+oos+o|ongooc.o++Ogovc|nob|+s||c||ocst+|c-
vcnoov+||osocc|ctos+|+|cgu|+|+so||c|cntcs+|tcso+|c|(vc,+o||mc||ooc|cs+b+|xo)
|montomu|tocsc|+ooc|ocm|cs+||+oob|+s||c||on+|mcntccontcm|+ooc|+|||Cc+
|cv|sioo+ut|||z+iooc|nst|umcntosn+ncc||osccconom|cos+|+|omovc|+ocsocm|t|g+io
c+o+t+iomuo+n+ooc||m+|stiocnt|cos|nst|umcntoso+|||Cmco|o+ssc+|sct||but+-
||+succst|mu|cm+|couioo+scm|ssocsc+|cmoioocC|||nc|u|noo+||uot+so||c|cnc|+o+s
|scnocscomcns+ocsc|nccnt|vos+sc|cmcst+bc|cc|ooscm|c|cscc|c++|cmoc||n|+socc|c-
o|tococn+nc|+mcntocscc|c+s+sc|cmo|c|t+o+so|+gcntcsn+ncc||osub||cosc||v+oos
Out|os |mo|t+ntcs |nst|umcntos o+ |||C sio + |cv|sio oc oot+ocs cscc|c+s +|+ +ocs cm
muo+n+ooc||m+noo|+mcntoo+|n|ioosmcc+n|smosn+ncc||osccconom|cosnomb|ton+-
c|on+||c|c|cntcsm|t|g+ioc+o+t+iomuo+n+ooc||m+os|cg|st|os|nvcnt+||oscst|m+t|v+s
+v+||+ocscu+|suc|out|oscstuoosoccm|ssocsocC||cocsu+s|ontcsc|+bo|+ooscomb+sccm
|n|o|m+ocsco+oos|o|ncc|ooso|cnt|o+ocsub||c+sc||v+o+scos|no|c+oo|csocsustcnt+b|||o+-
oc^|||C+|no+|cvc+oc|+c|on+||z+iooo|c|c+oo||+s||c||ooc|couiooc|m|ssocs(||||)
cmbo|s+socmc|c+oo||+sc|utu|osbo|s+socv+|o|csccnt|o+ocsocb+|cioo|g+n|z+oov|s+noonc-
goc|+iooct|tu|osmob|||+||os|c|cscnt+t|vosoccm|ssocsocC||cv|t+o+sccc|t|c+o+s
|+noo|n|c|o+|cgu|+mcnt+iooo|||Cocntio||cs|ocntco+|cub||c+|u|z|n+c|o|u|+o+||v+
69
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
cxco|uoocc|cto;,,o;.o+o
|s
ou+|cx||c|t+osmc|osc|osu+|so||+s|||ctcnoc+t|ng||su+s
mct+socco|tcoccm|ssocsocg+scsocc|c|tocstu|++|+o+nooc.o.o
cgunoocstcoocumcnto+scm|ssocstot+|s|o,ct+o+s+|+.o.ono||+s||sc|iooc,.,em|||ocs
tonCO.ccomost+c|osscgu|ntcsscto|cs
|-|uo+n+oc|soo+c||++|o|m|||ocsoctonCO
.c
||-|nc|g|+sesm|||ocsoctonCO
.c
|||-^g|occu+||+;,om|||ocsoctonCO
.c
c
|V-||occssos|noust||+|sc|+t+mcntooc|cs|ouos.,|m|||ocsoctonCO
.c
^|o||t|c+|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+sooC||m+,+|no|c+umco|tcoccm|ssocscnt|c,e+/c,s,/
comb+scnum+|o,cio+|+o+nooc.o.ouco|cc|cto|;,,o;.o+oo|su+vczt|+ns|o|m+
cm numc|os +bso|utos sc|io |m|cmcnt+o+s +ocs uc +|mc,cm |couz|| cnt|c ++es m|||ocs oc
tonCO
.c
c+.,,m|||ocsoctonCO
.c
ootot+|o+scm|ssocscst|m+o+s+|+.o.o^s+ocsc|cnc+-
o+s+|+ucsc+t|n,+cst+mct+sioocsc||t+sn+t+bc|+e
1abeIa - Aes de mitigao descritas no Decreto 7.390/2010
Aes de mitigao
|couiooco|tcnt+o|ccntooos|no|ccs+nu+|sococsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+|cg+|cm|c|+iomco|+vc||c+o+cnt|cos
+nosoc1o+.00
|couioocu+|cnt+o|ccntooos|no|ccs+nu+|sococsm+t+mcntono||om+Cc||+oocm|c|+iomco|+vc||c+o+cnt|cos
+nosoc1+.00c
|x+nsioo+o|c|t+||o|oc|ct||c+o+o|c|t+oc|ontcs+|tc|n+t|v+s|cnov+vc|snot+o+mcntcccnt|+|sco||c+scucn+sccnt|+|s
||o|oc|ct||c+scb|oc|ct||c|o+oco+o|c|t+ocb|ocombust|vc|sc|nc|cmcntoo+cc|cnc|+cnc|gct|c+
|ccuc|+iooc1m|||ocsoc|cct+|csoc+st+gcnsocg|+o+o+s
^m||+iooos|stcm+oc|ntcg|+io|+vou|+-ccu+||+-o|cst+cmu+t|om|||ocsoc|cct+|cs
|x+nsioo+|+t|c+oc|+nt|oo||cton++||+cmo|tom|||ocsoc|cct+|cs
|x+nsioo+x+iob|o|og|c+ocn|t|ogcn|ocmm|||ocsoc|cct+|csoc+|c+soccu|t|vocmsubst|tu|io+ousooc
|c|t|||z+ntcsn|t|ogcn+oos
|x+nsiooo|+nt|ooco|cst+scmt|csm|||ocsoc|cct+|cs
^m||+iooousooctccno|og|+s+|+t|+t+mcntooc44m|||ocsocm!ococ,ctosoc+n|m+|sc
|nc|cmcntoo+ut|||z+ion+s|oc|u|g|+ooc+|viovcgct+|o||g|n+||ooco|cst+s|+nt+o+scmc||o||+n+cc|cnc|+oo|occsso
occ+|bon|z+io
48 |tt,;;www,|+n+|togovb:;cc|v||_0!;_^to.00-.010;.010;|cc:cto;|!90|tm
70
||mo|t+ntcobsc|v+|ucocontcxtoc||m+t|cocst+|nt|m+mcntc|ntc|||g+oocom+|c+||o+ocoo
scto||oout|vocoomc|c+oon+ncc||ot+mbcm|m|cs+sc|nvcst|oo|csnomunoo|ntc||otcm
cnv|o+oocs|o|os+|+|omovc|+sustcnt+b|||o+oco+s+t|v|o+ocscm|cs+||+|s
|++|tco+scm|cs+s|n|c|+t|v+scomo|nvcnt+||osoccm|ssocsocC||cc|t|c+ocs+mb|cnt+|s
o|sscm|n+iooc|+t|c+ssustcnt+vc|scconsc|cnt|z+ioo+mio-oc-ob|+u+||c+o+tcms|oo|c+||-
z+o+scomb+st+ntc||cucnc|+
|o|+oooos|nvcst|oo|cstcms|ooc||+ooso|g+n|z+ocs|no|ccsc+|mct|os+|+uc++n+||scoc
|nvcst|mcntosniosc|cst||n,++oucs|to||sco;|cto|nom+sucout|+s|cm|ss+ssc,+m|nc|u|o+snos
mooc|osoc+v+||+ioo+scm|cs+st+|scomo+s+mb|cnt+|s|mcxcm|oo|ssosioos|no|ccsocsus-
tcnt+b|||o+occm|cs+||+|uc|o|+mc||+ooscomooDow Jones Sustainability Indexo+|o|s+ocV+|o-
|csoc|ov+o||co||-|no|ccocustcnt+b|||o+oc|m|cs+||+|o+|o|s+ocV+|o|csocio|+u|ocu,+
||nc|+|m|ssiocobsc|v+|como+scm|cs+s||st+o+s||o+mcom+tcm+t|c+ootriple bottom line
|p
+|mct|omuno|+|mcntccon|cc|ooocsustcnt+b|||o+oc|stc|no|cc+v+||+++ocu+iooosscto|cs
|oout|voss|oouocs||m+socb+|xo|m+ctobcmcomo+oocscnvo|v|mcntosustcnt+vc|tcm
scto|n+oo|ncv|t+vc|cuc+scm|cs+sos|nvcst|oo|cscosgovc|noscstiosc+ocu+nooscg|+ou-
+|mcntc+css+|c+||o+oc
|+|+ + |m|cmcnt+io o+s cst|+tcg|+s cont|o+s n+ |o||t|c+ |+c|on+| sob|c |uo+n+ oo C||m+
c |uno+mcnt+| uc |+,+ |nst|umcntos cconom|cos uc + suo|tcm |m oos ||nc|+|s |nst|u-
mcntos|oostosc|ogovc|noco|unoo|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+(|||C)|oc+||-
z+oo como um+ |oost+ oc |co||cc|on+mcnto o+ +|t|c|+io cscc|+| sob|c + |ccc|t+ b|ut+
o+|oouiocomocouocso+|noust||+occt|o|cocg+s+sugcstio|n|c|+|oo|unooc|++oc
uc+|tcoos|uc|os+u|c||oosc|+|noust||+ooct|o|cocg+sum+o+sucm+|scm|tcmC||
+|+++tmos|c|+gc|+noo+ucc|mcntog|ob+||ossccm|cg+oonon+nc|+mcntooccm|c-
cno|mcntosc+o|o+|o,ctosoucstuoosucv|scmm|t|g+ioc+o+t+iomuo+n+oo
c||m+occo||cntco+|oouiocconsumoocstcsmcsmosbcnscocout|os||o|oc+|bonctosc
scusoc||v+oos
+nc|on+o+c|o|cs|ocntc|u|z|n+c|o|u|+o+||v+cm+oococzcmb|ooc.oo,+|c|+.o+|c||ou
o|||C+|ov+ooc|ocn+oonon+|ocnovcmb|ooc.oo,
49 Oconcc|tooc1:|,|c8ottom||ncsc:c|c:c+b+sc|o:m+o+,c|+st:cso|mcnscs|ntcg:+ntcsooconcc|toocsustcnt+b|||o+oc
soc|+|.+mb|cnt+|ccconom|co|:o,ctosuctom+m,o:b+scot:|,|cbottom||nc|cv+mcmcont+nio+,cn+s+s,cctoscconom|-
cos.m+st+mbcmcons|oc:+mnomcsmon|vc|oc:c|cvnc|+os+s,cctossoc|+|sc+mb|cnt+|s
71
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
O |unoo c||+oo c oc n+tu|cz+ cont+b|| c sc|+ +om|n|st|+oo o| um Com|tc Ccsto| v|ncu|+oo +o
||^com+n+||o+ococ+sscgu|+||ccu|sos+|++o|o+|o,ctosoucstuooscn+nc|+mcntos
ucv|scmm|t|g+ioo+muo+n+ooc||m+c+o+t+io+osscusc|c|tos
O|||Ctc|+como+gcntcn+ncc||oo||||Os|ccu|sosooc|iosc|+||c+oosn++n+||scoc
|m+ctoso+smuo+n+sooc||m+n++o+t+ioo+soc|co+occoosccoss|stcm+s+os|m+ctoso+s
muo+n+sc||m+t|c+s|o,ctosoc|couiooccm|ssocsocC|||o,ctosoc|couiooccm|ssocsoc
c+|bonoc|oocsm+t+mcntococg|+o+ioo+o|cst+com||o||o+oc+|++s+|c+sn+tu|+|s+mc-
++o+sococst|u|ioc|c|cv+ntcs+|+cst|+tcg|+socconsc|v+ioo+b|oo|vc|s|o+occnt|cout|os
o
Fora tarefa dos estados amaznicos sobre REDD

+|vcz o +v+no m+|s cx|css|vo |umo + um+ cst|+tcg|+ +m+zon|c+ c n+c|on+| sob|c |||| tcn|+
s|oo obt|oo c|o cs|o|o |c+||z+oo c|+ |o|+ +|c|+ sob|c |uo+n+ C||m+t|c+ com cn|+sc cm
|||| |c+||z+oo c|os cst+oos +m+zon|cos c o govc|no |coc|+| cm outub|o oc .oo, O |c|+to||o
|oouz|oo
+
|o|t+mbcm+|ov+oono|V|o|umocCovc|n+oo|cso+^m+zon|+cm|+c++t+m-
bcmcmoutub|oo+uc|c+no|c|ooocumcnto+|cscnt+ooosgovc|nos|+zcmcn|+t|c+|c|c|cnc|+
sob|c + ncccss|o+oc oc cx+no|| +s oo|tun|o+ocs oc n+nc|+mcnto +|+ |||| cons|oc|+noo o
contcxtoo+|||CCCo|mc|ooct|csmcc+n|smos(+)n+nc|+mcntogovc|n+mcnt+|(.)mc|c+-
oo(occ+|bono)scmgc|+|comcns+ocs(|cniogc|+oo|occ|co|tosocc+|bono)c(,)mc|c+oo
comcns+to||o(gc|+oo|occ|co|tos)cnvo|vcnoo+|scsoo^ncxo||stcu|t|mo+|no+susc|t+c+u-
tc|+o|+|tcoogovc|no|coc|+|m+so|c|+to||obusc+um+s+|o++o+|m+|ucum+uot+oc
|couio +o|c|on+| ooc||+ sc| +||c+o+ s mct+s oc |couio ob||g+to||+ oos +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos
+|+ucuocsscsc|ut|||z+o+c|omcc+n|smooc||||Osmcc+n|smosocn+nc|+mcntogovc|-
n+mcnt+|ssc||+m+t|+vcsoos|+m+s(ôcsoc||t|g+io|+c|on+|mcntc^|o||+o+s)oos+|scs
nio-^ncxo|+||c+oosnos|og|+m+soc||||oosgovc|nos|coc|+|cst+ou+|scmun|c|+|sô||-
gcmoo|ccu|so+|+|+m+sooc||+sc|o|cxcm|oo|unoosob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+|cccntc-
mcntc+|ov+ooc|oCong|csso|+c|on+|
s0 |tt,;;wwwmm+govb:;s|t|o;|nocx,|,|oo=contcuoomont+8|o|st:utu:+=.1
s1 |tt,;;www|,+mo:gb:;b|b||otcc+;||v:o;|o;.4s
72
Planos estaduais de REDD na Amaznia
Comoconscucnc|+oo||+noocîo+|++||cvcniocCont|o|coo|csm+t+mcnton+^m+-
zon|+(||C|^|)coos|csu|t+ooso+|o|++|c|+os|st+ooso+^m+zon|+cstio+go|+|m|cmcn-
t+nooscus|o||os|og|+m+soc|cvcnio+oocsm+t+mcnto(||C|)como|o|m+oc+,uo+|o
cs|o|o+|++|couioo+scm|ssocsocC||Com|sto|+b|||t+m-sc++|t|c|+|oo|unoo^m+zon|+
c+tc|cmvoton+soc||bc|+ocsooscuCom|tcO||cnt+oo|(|nc|so||oo+|t|go|oo|cc|ctone,.;
oc+oc+gostooc.oosucc||ouo|unoo^m+zon|+)Os|st+ooscstiocmo||c|cntcsmomcntos
n+const|uioocscus|+noscst+ou+|s
|csoc.oossctc(oosnovc)|st+ooso+^m+zon|+|n|c|+|+mosscus|+nos(^m+zon+s|+|+|+to
C|osso^c|coc+nt|ns^m++c|onoon|+)Com+co|+bo|+iooo||^|cout|+s|nst|tu|ocsos
|st+oos oo ^m+zon+s |+|+ |+to C|osso c ^c|c cst+bc|ccc|+m su+s |o||+s mct+s vo|unt+||+s
+|+|couioooocsm+t+mcnto|ntcg|+oocomoob,ct|vo|oostoc|o|||C|cg|io^m+zo-
n|c+^c|c^m+zon+sc|+|+sioos||mc||os|st+ooscontcm|+oosc|o|unoo^m+zon|+Os|+-
nosoo^m++|+toC|ossooc+nt|nscoc|onoon|+t+mbcmcstioconc|u|oos|+os|+nosoo
|+|+n|ioc|o|+|m+nio|o|+mub||c+oos+tcomomcnto
|ssccng+,+mcntooos|st+ooso+^m+zon|+uccst+bc|cccum+mct+mcnsu|+vc|+|+|couio
ooocsm+t+mcntooocsc|v|t+|+|+osuccssoo+|||C+|c+n+|+smct+sn+c|on+|soc|couocs
occm|ssocsO|+toocos||C|cst+ou+|stc|cmsu+conccio|+|mon|z+o+com+so||ct||zcsc
||o||o+ocsoo||+no^m+zon|+ustcnt+vc|(|^)coo||C|^||c|o|++so||t|c+soc+o|o+o
ocscnvo|v|mcntosustcnt+vc|cocv+|o||z+iocconom|c+o+o|cst+
|csc||iooos||+nos|st+ou+|soc|couiooo|csm+t+mcntoOs|+noscst+ou+|soc|couiooc
cm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcntocstioc|m|t|noo+c||+ioocum+cst|utu|+cst+ou+|+|+||o+|com+
oo|tun|o+oc+bc|t+c|omcc+n|smooc|||||c|scst+ou+|svo|t+o+s+otcm++ocscoo|ocn+o+s
o||+noscnvo|vcnooo||c|cntcs|nstnc|+scst+ou+|sc+ocscon,unt+scomo+uc|+|cv+o++c+bo
cm+|cc||+comgovc|noscst+ou+|socout|os+|scs(C+|||o|n|+c|nooncs|+)
i
cstioocscn|+nooo
ucscooc|ocnt|c+|como+sb+scs+m+zon|c+socum|cg|mccon,untooc||||ucs||v+oc
|+t+|o|m+ +|+ um |cg|mc n+c|on+| Os oct+||cs c +v+nos oos |+nos cst+ou+|s oc cont|o|c oo
ocsm+t+mcntoc||||sio||st+oos+b+|xo|untos+b+|c+mcc|c+ocso/o+scm|ssocs+m+zon|c+s
ocC||v|+ocsm+t+mcnto
s2 C||tt,;;wwwgc|t+s||o:cco:g;
73
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
^t+bc|+;+scgu||ocmonst|++v+||+iooocstouco|cst+|o|cst+oo+|+o+|noioo+scno|-
mcso||c|cn+scnt|cc|cs|+tocstcucocvcsc|cons|oc|+oon+const|uioocum+cst|+tcg|+n+-
c|on+|ou|cg|on+|oc||||
1abeIa 1 - Variao do Estoque Florestal de 2005 a 2008 nos estados amaznicos
(rea orestada em km2), segundo dados do Prodes
Estado 2005 2006 2007 2008
^c|c 1!c4.! 1!c100 1!1o 1!o4
^m+zon+s 1!cocc0 1!co100 1!c40 1!c011
^m++ cc!0 cc00 co1 co1
|+|+n|io !4!1 !!00 !!0c !.00.
|+toC|osso !.!! !.!.00 !.0.. !1.o!
|+|+ 0 ..00 co c1
|onoon|+ 1!!o. 1!100 1!0.c 1...c
|o|+|m+ 1!..!1 1!.000 1!1o1 1!11.1
oc+nt|ns 10!.4 10.00 101! 100.
Total 3.040.239 3.026.200 3.014.668 3.002.700
Plano Estadual do Amazonas (AM)
cgunooo||+no|st+ou+|ocCont|o|coo|csm+t+mcntooo|st+oooo^m+zon+s(||C|-^|)o
Covc|no busc+ +|c+n+| vo|unt+||+mcntc um+ |couio oo ocsm+t+mcnto +tc .o+o oc ,s/ to-
m+noocomo|c|c|cnc|++t+x+mco|+oc+,,e-.oo,c+cst+b|||z+|+t+x++nu+|cmnom+x|mo,,o
|m
.
nos+nossubscucntcs|ss+mct+co||csonoc|++umocsm+t+mcntotot+|+tc.o.oocno
m+x|moo,/octoo+o|cst+cx|stcntcno|st+oocm.ooeoucco||csonoc|++nom+x|mo
m+|so./(ococsm+t+mcnto)octoo+||o|cst+^m+zon|c+cx|stcntcncsscmcsmo+no(||gu|+,)
C|+c+mcntc+mct+oo^m+zon+s+|cscnt+o++o||n|stc||ooo|c|o^mb|cntccst+o|st||bu|o+
o+scgu|ntc|o|m+ocum||mcntoo+mct+|oost+no||C|-^|+|+.o.o|c|cscnt+|+um+|c-
ouion+scm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcntooccc|c+oc+,sm|||ocsoctonc|+o+socCO
.
+sscgu|+noo
74
m+nutcnioocm+|soc+,,m|||iooc|m
.
oco|cst+scmc
|ssccstouco|cst+||c|cscnt+|+
m+|soc|o/octoo+||o|cst+^m+zon|c+|cm+ncsccntconoccstiocstoc+oos,ob|||ocsoctonc-
|+o+socCO
.
|sscvo|umcoccstoucocc+|bono|csc|v+oocomocum||mcntoo+mct+co|-
|csonoc+tuooouco||+s||cm|t|||+o|ocsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+sc+t+x+mco|+vc||c+o+
cnt|c.oo|c.oossc|cct|ssco|m+|sso+nos
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Desmatamento
projetado (2011-2020)
rea desmatada
Meta de reduo do
desmatamento
Linha de base (km
2
)
Mdia do desmatamento
(1996-2005)
2
o
Perodo 1
o
Perodo 3
o
Perodo

K
m
2
/
a
n
o
Iigura s. Metas de reduo do desmatamento do estado do Amazonas.
Como+|tcoo||C|-^|ogovc|nocst+ou+|co|ocoucm|+t|c+o||og|+m+|o|s+||o|cst+(|||)
uc|c|cscnt++||mc||+|n|c|+t|v+oo||+s||sob++u|c+occc|t|c+io|ntc|n+c|on+|c++zoc|c-
comcns+|+sou|+ocst|+o|c|on+|so+^m+zon|+c|osc|v|ouc|cst+mcmm+ntc|+s|un-
ocs cco|og|c+s o+ o|cst+ cu ob,ct|vo ||m+||o c o oc |couz|| o ocsm+t+mcnto v+|o||z+noo +
o|cst+cmc|stc|og|+m+c|onc||ono+g+mcntoocsc|v|os+mb|cnt+|s+|++sou|+ocs
ucv|vcmcm+|c+so|cst+|so+^m+zon|+cucsccom|omctcmcom+|couioooocsm+t+-
mcnto |nst|tu|oo c|o Covc|no oo |st+oo oo ^m+zon+s o| mc|o o+ cc|ct+||+ oo |c|o ^m-
b|cntcc|cscnvo|v|mcntoustcnt+vc|(|)cmsctcmb|ooc.oo;c|cv|s+v+|o||z+|ccomcns+|
s1 |tt,;;www|unoo+m+zon|+govb:;|unoo^m+zon|+;cx,o:t;s|tcs;oc|+u|t;s|tc_,t;+|c:|+s;^:u|vos;|ub||c+cocs;,|+non+|-
ocsm+t+mcntox^|x,o|
75
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
cconom|c+mcntcoscs|o|osocconsc|v+io+mb|cnt+|o+s|+m|||+smo|+oo|+soc|Coo|st+oo
oo^m+zon+s
|
O|og|+m+coc|+oo+tu+|mcntcc|+|uno+io^m+zon+sustcnt+vc|(|^)
^|nst|tuc|on+||z+iooo|og|+m+scocuo||ntc|mco|oo+|c|,+,,sob|c|uo+n+sC||m+t|c+s
Consc|v+io^mb|cnt+|c|cscnvo|v|mcntoustcnt+vc|oo^m+zon+sco+|c|Com|cmcnt+|,,
sob|co|stcm+|st+ou+|oc|n|o+ocsocConsc|v+io(||C)+mb+s|omu|g+o+scm,oc,un|o
oc.oo;^s|c|stcm|o|tcc+|+tc|oc|nov+iocbusc+mconso||o+|um+mb|cntc,u||o|cob+s|con+
|cg|s|+iocst+ou+|+|+cst|utu|+|+cconom|+oossc|v|osc|ooutos+mb|cnt+|soco||gcmo|cs-
t+|cobtc|como|csu|t+oo,ust|+soc|+|comconsc|v+io+mb|cnt+|
O|||cnvo|vcum|occssoconst+ntcoc+||mo|+mcntomctooo|og|co|ssc|occssotcms|oo
|c+||z+oocm+|cc||+com+s|nst|tu|ocsgovc|n+mcnt+|scO|CsOocsm+t+mcntoocnt|oo+|c-
sc|v+cmco|oo+nu+|mcntco||m+gcnsocs+tc||tc+n+||s+o+so||nst|tu|ocs+|cc||+sOmon|-
to|+mcntoocc+moc|c|tocm+|cc||+cnt|c+|uno+io^m+zon+sustcnt+vc|(|^)cc|ct+||+
oc|cscnvo|v|mcntoustcnt+vc|oo|st+ooCcnt|o|st+ou+|oc|n|o+ocsocConsc|v+iocCcnt|o
|st+ou+|oc|uo+n+sC||m+t|c+s|m+o+s||nc|+|scvo|uocsoo||||o|oocsoob|+mcntooo
||+nooc|nvcst|mcntoComun|t+||o(||C)cm|o|s+||o|cst+|cno+c|o|s+||o|cst+oc|+||ss+mu-
o+n+oco||cuocv|ooncccss|o+ococo+|m+|sc|+|cz++osob,ct|vosooscomoncntcs|c|+t|vos
+ucstocssoc|+|sc|cno+c+o|c|on+|mcntc|c|o|+|oconcc|toocniocongu|+|o|||cmum
|og|+m++ss|stcnc|+||st+m+ss|mcmum++iococ|cntccomos||nc||osocsustcnt+b|||o+ococ
+co|oocom+o|son|b|||o+ocn+ncc||+o+|^
ooososbcncc|+oosoo|||+|t|c|+mocum+oc|n+oc|o|m+iosob|cmuo+n+sc||m+t|c+s
csustcnt+b|||o+ocôn+|ocst+oc|n++ss|n+mvo|unt+||+mcntcumtc|mooccom|om|ssooc
ocsm+t+mcntozc|oOs||mc||osbcncc|+||ossioosmo|+oo|cso+s|Coo|st+oooo^m+zon+s
|mum+scguno+ct++mo|+oo|csocout|+s+|c+sooc|iosc|bcncc|+oosucm|cccbco|o|-
s+||o|cst+|+m|||+|c+mu||c|cmnomcocsu+|+m|||+(cxcctonoc+soocv|uvos)Oc+|t+|+|+o
+g+mcntoo+sbo|s+s|ovcmoo|cno|mcntooo|unooc|m+ncntco+|uno+io^m+zon|+us-
tcnt+vc||o|m+ooo||ccu|sosocoo+io
s4 |+|:|mc|:+|+sc(+tc+b:||oc.00s).+sUC,+:t|c|,+ntcsc:+m|csc:v+oc|cscnvo|v|mcnto:ustcnt+vc|ooU+tumi .|csc:v+
oc|cscnvo|v|mcnto:ustcnt+vc|ooU+c+:| .|csc:v+oc|cscnvo|v|mcnto:ustcnt+vc|oc|+m|:+u+.|csc:v+oc|cscnvo|v|mcnto
:ustcnt+vc|Cu,ub|m .||:|XooC+tu+-|,|xun+.|csc:v+oc|cscnvo|v|mcnto:ustcnt+vc|||+g+u|u:us|+scguno+|+sc(+tc
oczcmb:ooc.00s).+sUC|o:+m|csc:v+oc|cscnvo|v|mcnto:ustcnt+vc|ocC+numi .|csc:v+oc|cscnvo|v|mcnto:ustcnt+vc|
oo|um+ .|csc:v+oc|cscnvo|v|mcnto:ustcnt+vc|oo||o|+oc|:+ .||:|X||o:cgo:|o.||o:cst+|st+ou+||+ucsc|csc:v+oc|c-
scnvo|v|mcnto:ustcnt+vc|oo^m+,+|st+sUC|o:+mcsco|||o+s,o:tc:cmscus,|+nosocgcstioconc|u|oosoucm|+sc+v+n+o+
occonc|usio|+:+m+|o:cs|n|o:m+cs.v|s|t+:cm|tt,;;www|+s-+m+zon+so:g;,t;scc+o;,:og:+m+-bo|s+-o:cst+;m+,+_|ntc:+-
t|vo_bo|s+_o:cst+com|n|o:m+cssob:c+s+:c+soc+tu+iooo8o|s+||o:cst+
76
^tc m+|ooc.o+oo|og|+m+,+cnvo|v|+m+|socesm|||+m|||+scmm+|soc+om|||ocsoc|cct+-
|csoc|Cum++|c+m+|o|oouc|o|tug+|
Plano Estadual do Acre (AC)
|c+co|oocomscutcxton+|o||C|-^Cv|s+g+|+nt|||couocscx|css|v+scons|stcntcscou|+oou-
|+sn+st+x+sococsm+t+mcntooo|st+oooo^c|c++|t||oo|o|t+|cc|mcntoo+sc++c|o+ocsoogo-
vc|nocsoc|co+oc+|+gcstio+mb|cnt+|c+|+conso||o+ioocum+cconom|+||m+,ust+ccomct|-
t|v+com|o|tcb+sco|cst+|^|no+o^c|cm+ntcmt+|vczo|og|+m+||||m+|s+v+n+oocont+noo
comum++gcnc|+ococscnvo|v|mcntosob|cotcm+uc+tu+comcc|t+|noccnocnc|+oogovc|no
|+|++ocn|ioocsu+smct+soc|couioooocsm+t+mcntoo^c|cc+|cu|ouoocsm+t+mcnto+nu+|
mco|o|cg|st|+oono|st+ooc|o||oocscnt|c+,,,c.oosucsomou,,o|m
.
cnoocsscnumc|o
como||n|+ocb+sco|st+oosccom|omctc+|couz||oocsm+t+mcntocm;,/noc||ooo.oo,-
.o+sc+|c+n+o++mct+o|+nocv|t+|+o|+n+mcntooc+|m|||ocsoctonc|+o+socCO
.
n++tmos-
|c|+(||gu|+e)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
96 97 98 99 0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
k
m
2
/
a
n
o
Desmatamento
rea desmatada
Meta de reduo do
desmatamento
Linha de base (km
2
)
(1999-2009)
Iigura . Metas de reduo do desmatamento do estado do Acre.
77
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
O||C|-^Cc+|cu|+ucocst+|o|m+oocsm+t+mcntocst+|+cst+b|||z+oomcsmocom+oss|b|||o+-
ococos|o||ct+||oscxc|cc|cmoo||c|toocconvc|siooc.o/o+so|cst+socsu+s|o||co+ocs
+|uo|noo+oc|ccntu+|ocn|ooc|oCoo|go||o|cst+|+|+|movc|s|u|+|sn+^m+zon|+OCovc|no
oo|st+oosc|ooc++t|ng||cst+mct+oc|o|m+g|+ou+|cons|oc|+nooucocsoc.ooe,+oco||c|+
|couioo+t+x+ococsm+t+mcntocuc+|gunsocscus|og|+m+s,+cst+v+mcm+no+mcntocomo
o||og|+m+oc||o|cst+s||+nt+o+s|ntcg|+ntco+|o||t|c+ocV+|o||z+iooo^t|vo^mb|cnt+|||o|cst+|
|+n+o+cmsctcmb|o oc.oosC+bc|css+|t+|uco^c|c|cc|ou|cccntcmcntc(novcmb|o.o+o)um
+co|oocomo|st+oo^mc||c+noo+C+|||o|n|+c+|ov|nc|+ocC||++sno|cx|conomb|toooCC|
+|+um|og|+m+occooc|+iocnvo|vcnooocomc|c|ooccm|ssocs|nc|u|noo||||
Plano Estadual do Par (PA)

|o|mu|+oo+o|ongooo||mc||oscmcst|coc.oo,o||C^|-|^(||+no|st+ou+|oc||cvcnioCon-
t|o|cc^|tc|n+t|v+s+o|csm+t+mcntooo|st+oooo|+|+)||st++|+um+||mc||+|+scoccxccuio
+b|+ngcnoooc||ooocnt|c+gostooc.oo,c+gostooc.o+.e|+ocs+sc|cm|m|cmcnt+o+s||o-
||t+||+mcntcnos+.mun|c||osucm+|socsm+t+|+mcon|o|mc+|o|t+||+||^.s;os|ss+s+ocs
cstioo|g+n|z+o+sscgunoot|csc|xos||nc|+|s
O|ocn+mcntotc|||to||+||uno|+||oc+mb|cnt+|cst+bc|ccc+s+ocs||o||t+||+s+|++|cgu|+-
||z+io|uno|+||+c+mb|cnt+|no|st+oo
|omcnto++t|v|o+ocssustcnt+vc|scst+bc|cccocon,untooc+ocsucocvcm|nccnt|v+|
++ooioocnovosmooc|oscconom|coscont||bu|noo+ss|m+|+muo+|o+|+o|gm+
ococscnvo|v|mcnto|cvcn|noooocsm+t+mcnto
|on|to|+mcntoccont|o|ccst+bc|ccc+s+ocs|uno+mcnt+|s+|+mc||o|+|+cc|cnc|+
oocont|o|cooocsm+t+mcntono|st+oo
^smct+soc|couiocont|o+sno||C^|-|^tom+|+mcomo||n|+ocb+sc|n|c|+|+mco|+oosocs-
m+t+mcntosoco|||oosno|st+oocnt|c+,,e+.oo,(e+e,|m
.
)scgunooo+oosoo||oocs^smct+s
sio+sscgu|ntcs
.ooe+.o+o|couiooc|./sob|coocsm+t+mcntooco|||oonoc||oooo+||n|+ocb+sc
.o+++.o+,|couioocee/cm|c|+io||n|+ocb+sc|n|c|+|ouoc|./cm|c|+io+o
c||ooo+ntc||o|(.ooe.o+o)
.o+e+.o.o|couioocso/cm|c|+io||n|+ocb+sc|n|c|+|ouoc|./cm|c|+io+o
c||ooo+ntc||o|
ss |tt,;;wwwgc|t+s||o:cco:g;
78
ccss+smct+s|o|cm+t|ng|o+so|+|+sc||+|csons+vc|o|,o/octoo++|couioococsm+t+mcn-
to|cv|st+no|||Couccv|t+||++cm|ssiooc,s,m|||ocsoctCO
.c
|umcvcntu+||utu|omc|-
c+ooocc+|bonocst|m+nooum+cot+iooc|,+ooo+|++tonc|+o+ocCO
.
o|st+ooooc||+
c+t+|sccum||o++mct++tc|,,sb|||ocscom||||
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

K
m
2
/
a
n
o
2
o
Perodo 1
o
Perodo 3
o
Perodo
Desmatamento
rea desmatada
Meta de reduo do
desmatamento
Linha de base (km
2
)
(1996-2005)
Iigura 1. Metas de reduo do desmatamento no estado do Par.
Plano Estadual do Mato Grosso (MT)
O||+no|st+ou+|oc||cvcniocCont|o|coo|csm+t+mcntooo|+toC|ossocontcm mct+s+|+
|couz||oco|tc||cg+|oco|cst+s^|oost+|o|c+|cu|+o+cons|oc|+noooc||ooo+,,e-.oo,u+noo
o|st+ooocsm+tou;e,m|||m
.
|+n+noon++tmos|c|+.sCtocCO
.
cu|v+|cntc|+|t|nooocum+
||n|+ocb+scoc;e,;|m
.
ucco||csonocmco|++nu+|ococsm+t+mcntonosocz+noscons|oc-
|+oos+smct+ssio+sscgu|ntcs
+c||ooo(.ooe-.o+o)|couiooce|/cm|c|+io||n|+ocb+sc
.c||ooo(.o++-.o+,)|couiooc;,/cm|c|+io||n|+ocb+sc
,c||ooo(.o+e-.o.o)|couioocso/cm|c|+io||n|+ocb+sc
79
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
^ss|m+t+x+ococsm+t+mcntoootc|cc||oc||oooco||csonoc||++um+|couioocs,/cm|c|+-
io||n|+ocb+sco||g|n+|oc;e,;|m
.
(||gu|+s)Como|csu|t+oooocum||mcntoocss+smct+so
|st+ooooc||+ocsm+t+||cg+|mcntcnom+x|mo+;m|||m
.
cnt|c.oo,-.o.om+ntcnooumcstouc
oco|cst+soc+|ox|m+o+mcntc,oom|||m
.
|ssccstoucco||csonoc++o/o+o|cst++m+zon|c+
|cm+ncsccntcc+eo/ocsu+cobc|tu|+o||g|n+|cu|v+|cnoo+otot+|o+cobc|tu|+o|cst+||o,ccx|s-
tcntcnoscst+oooo^m++^c|c|+|+n|iococ+nt|ns,untos
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
K
m
2
/

a
n
o
2
o
Perodo 1
o
Perodo 3
o
Perodo
96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Desmatamento
rea desmatada
Meta de reduo do
desmatamento
Linha de base (km
2
)
(1996-2005)
Iigura 8. Metas de reduo do desmatamento no estado do Mato Grosso.
Plano Estadual do Amap (AP)
|o ^m++ + c|+bo|+io oo |+no cst+ sob |csons+b|||o+oc o+ cc|ct+||+ |scc|+| oc |cscnvo|-
v|mcnto|conom|cooo|st+oo(|||)ccoo|ocn+ioo+cc|ct+||+oc|st+oooo|c|o^mb|cntc
(||^)uc,unto+oC|uooc|+b+||o(C)
o
|o|m+ooo|o|vc|s+sscc|ct+||+socgovc|notc|io+
t+|c|+occonouz||o|occssoocconst|uiooo||+no|css+cm|c|t+o+ogovc|nooo|st+oocon-
s O :u,o oc t:+b+||o ,+:+ c|+bo:+io oo ||+no oc |:cvcnio c Cont:o|c oo |csm+t+mcnto c Quc|m+o+s no |st+oo oo
^m+,+-||C|^||o|c:|+oo,c|o|cc:cto|st+ou+|n0s4!oc0;0!;.009.com+scgu|ntccom,os|io:cc:ct+:|+|st+ou+|oo|c|o
^mb|cntc(:||^).:cc:ct+:|+oc|st+ooocC|cnc|+c1ccno|og|+(:|1|C).:cc:ct+:|+oc|st+ooo+|noust:|+Comc:c|oc||nc:+io
(:||CO|).:cc:ct+:|+oc|st+oooc|cscnvo|v|mcnto|u:+|(:||).^gcnc|+oc|cscnvo|v|mcntooo^m+,+(^|^|).^gcnc|+oc|c-
|cs+c|ns,cio^g:o,ccu+:|+(||^|O).|nst|tutooc|csu|s+C|cnt|c+c1ccno|og|+oo^m+,+(|||^).|nst|tutooo|c|o^mb|cntc
cO:ocn+mcnto1c::|to:|+|oo|st+oooo^m+,+(||^|).|nst|tuto|st+ou+|oc||o:cst+oo^m+,+(|||).|nst|tutooc|cscnvo|v|m-
cnto|u:+|oo^m+,+(|U|^|).|o||c|+||||t+:(8+t+||io^mb|cnt+|)
80
t+como+o|ooc+|cc||osoo||n|stc||ooo|c|o^mb|cntc(||^)o+\\|-||+s||co+Cz
(^gcnc|+ocCooc|+ioccn|c+^|cmi)
^||ôo^m++|omovcuum+o||c|n+oct|+b+||ocomcn|ouc+|t|c|+t|vonoc||ooo
oc.++.|ocsctcmb|ooc.oo,|nt|tu|+o+O||c|n++|+const|uio+|t|c|+t|v+oo||C|^|
O scu ob,ct|vo |o| +|cscnt+| c o|scut|| +s |oost+s oo |+no |c||m|n+| +|+ +c||c|o+-|o
+ocu+noo-o+os|ntc|csscscon|cc|mcntosccxc||cnc|+sooso|vc|sos+|t|c|+ntcso+o||c|-
n+|+|++t+|c|+|o|+mconv|o+oos+gcntcsocgovc|no|c|cscnt+ntcso+|n|c|+t|v+||v+o+oc
scgmcntossoc|+|scoco|g+n|z+ocsnio-govc|n+mcnt+|sOst|+b+||oscont+|+mcomo+o|o
mctooo|og|coocu+t|oco-mooc|+oo|csum+|+c+o+c|xotcm+t|cococum+consu|to|+
uccst|utu|ou+o||c|n+n+|og|c+oo|+nc,+mcntocst|+tcg|coccxc|ccuo+c|ocmooc|+-
oo|+ut|||z+noo|nst|umcntosoocn|ouc+|t|c|+t|vo
|+sct++s+ntc||o|csoc|n+ocsctcmb|ooc.oo,+u+||o|ob,ctoocum|c|+to||o
;
osconsu|-
to|cs c|+bo|+|+m um |c-|+no com b+sc n+s o||ct||zcs oo ||C|^| n+s |n|o|m+ocs o||uno+s
o+s |c-oc|n+s
s
c |cun|ocs n+s |nst|tu|ocs govc|n+mcnt+|s c nio-govc|n+mcnt+|s oo |st+oo O
|+no|c||m|n+||o|cst|utu|+oocmu+t|oc|xostcm+t|cos(|)|cgu|+||z+iocO|ocn+mcnto|un-
o|+||o(||)|on|to|+mcntocCont|o|c(|||)|omcnto+^t|v|o+ocsustcnt+vc|sc(|v)Covc|n+n+c
Ccstio|xccut|v+(ucconouzcmon|to|+o|+no)|cst+u|t|m+ct++Oc|n++|+const|uio
+|t|c|+t|v+oo||C|^|os|og|+m+sc+ocs|oostosno|+no|c||m|n+||o|+m+,ust+oosc
oct+||+oosoc|o|m++|t|c|+t|v+|u|+ntc+oc|n+os+ctos|o|+mconst|u|oosg|+o+t|v+mcntc
||mc||ocmsubg|uostcm+t|coscoco|s+|cscnt+ooscocb+t|ooscm|cn+||+sgc|+|scomtooos
os+|t|c|+ntcs|osu+t|oo|+soc|cun|ioos+|t|c|+ntcs|oouz||+m+n+||scsc|oost+scom+
n+||o+ococ+||n|+|osob,ct|vosc|ntcg|+|+s+ocsoo||+nov|s+noo+su+conso||o+iocon|o|mc
+scscc|c|o+ocsoocontcxto+m++cnsc
O^m+++ouctuoo|no|c+,+conc|u|uscu|+nocontuoo+tc+conc|usioocst+ob|++|no+nio
|+v|+o|son|b|||z+oon+|ntcg|+ocontcuoooomcsmo+|+ucscuocssc+u|cx||c|t+|scuso+-
oosconc|ctoscsu+smct+s
s1 |tt,;;wwwscm++,govb:;,ub||c+cocs;,,co+,;,o|;:c|+to:|o_oc|n+_,,co+,_com_||st+_,:cscn`C!`^+,o|
s8 ^s,:c-oc|n+s|o:+m:c+||z+o+scmtooososmun|c|,|osoo|st+ooc|ocnt|c+:+mos,:ob|cm+scomocsm+t+mcntoscuc|-
m+o+sct+mbcm+s+t|v|o+ocssustcnt+vc|sn+ssu+s:cs,cct|v+s:cg|cs
81
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Plano Estadual de Rondnia (RO)
O||C||Oob,ct|v+ocm+nc||+gc|+| |couz||g|+ou+|mcntc+st+x+sococsm+t+mcntocm|onoo-
n|++tc+t|ng||zc|ooc|nc|cmcnto+nu+|cm.o+,g+|+nt|noo+|otciocom+nc,oo+s+|c+scsc-
c|+|s(c||+s|no|gcn+sc|n|o+ocsocConsc|v+io)c+gcstiosustcnt+vc|o+s|o||co+ocs|u|+|s
Os||og|+m+s|st|utu|+ntcscstio+ssoc|+oos+os||xoscm+t|cosoo||+nosc|io+b+scno|tc+oo|+
+|++c|+bo|+iooos||o,ctos|||o||t+||osOob,ct|voct|+ns|o|m+|os||o,ctos|||o||t+||oscm|ns-
t|umcntosoccxccuioo+|oost+oc|cvcniocont|o|cc+|tc|n+t|v+ssustcnt+vc|s+oocsm+t+-
mcntocm|onoon|+^b+sc+|++|m|cmcnt+ioocstc||og|+m+|st|utu|+ntcsc|+++tu+||z+io
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Projeto de Lei 5.586/2009: regulamentando REDD
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82
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Projetos de REDD existentes no Brasil
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83
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
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84
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Projeto-piloto de REDD no noroeste do Mato Grosso
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mc||o|+| + govc|n+n+ o|cst+| (||) |omovc| + consc|v+io oc o|cst+s cm tc||+s ||v+o+s c +s
+|c+s|otcg|o+sc(|||)comcns+|osovos|no|gcn+sccomun|o+ocst|+o|c|on+|sc|oscs|o|osoc
consc|v+ioo+o|cst+cmscustc|||to||os^scst|m+t|v+soc|couiooccm|ssocs+|+too++|c-
g|io+ont+m+|+cc|c+oc,oom|||ocsCO.cnt|c.oo,c.o+s
Projeto REDD Calha Norte no Estado do Par
O|o,ctocst+|oc+||z+oon+m+|gcm|o|tcoo||o^m+zon+snocst+oooo|+|+||+s||n+|st+-
io|co|og|c+o+s||o|cst+soo|+|u|ombct+sc|+|otot+||z+nooum++|c+oc;|m|||ocsoc
|cct+|cs|ocscnvo|v|oocm+|cc||+com+^gcnc|+|st+ou+|oc|c|o^mb|cntcoo|st+oooo
|+|+(||^-|^)Consc|v+io|ntc|n+c|on+|||+s||co|nst|tutooo|omcmc|c|o^mb|cntco+
^m+zon|+(||^zO|)O|o,ctov|s+|mco||o+v+noooocsm+t+mcntoc|omovc|+consc|-
v+io oc cstoucs oc c+|bono o|cst+| cm ^|c+s ||otcg|o+s oo |st+oo ^s ||nc|+|s +mc++s
sio+s+t|v|o+ocsm|nc|+oo|+s(|nc|u|noo+cxt|+ioocou|o)c++bc|tu|+ocnov+scst|+o+sô
mcsmotcmoo|o,ctov|s+cnvo|vc|osmo|+oo|cs|oc+|sn+s+t|v|o+ocs|+nc,+o+sg+|+nt|noo
uc+scomun|o+ocs|cccb+mo||ct+mcntcos|ccu|sosoosc|co|tosocc+|bonogc|+oos
Projeto - Apu Mais Verde, Apu, Amazonas, Brasil
û|cummun|c||oucocu+um++|c+oc+|ox|m+o+mcntc,m|||ocsoc|cct+|csnosuocs-
tcoocst+oooo^m+zon+s||+s||O|o,ctocnvo|vcum++|c+tot+|oc+|ox|m+o+mcntc+.ooo
85
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
|+oos+g||cu|to|cscccu+||st+socû|+|++|ccuc|+ioo+u+||o+oco++gu+cooso|oc+
|couioocc+|bonocm|ssocs|csu|t+ntcsooocsm+t+mcntococg|+o+ioo|cst+|(||||)O|o-
,ctov|s+|nccnt|v+|+|cst+u|+iooc+,oo|+oc+|c+s||bc|||n|+s(^|c+soc||otcio|c|m+ncntc)
uccstioocg|+o+o+sou|m|oout|v+scomo+st+gcmO|||^|ocscnvo|vcuo|o,cto+o|+oo
c|+cc|ct+||+oc|c|o^mb|cntcocû|n+|m|cmcnt+iocgcstioOs|oouto|cssioconv|-
o+oos++|t|c|+|vo|unt+||+mcntcno|o,ctocsco||cnooum++|c+occ|omcnosc|nco|cct+|cs
ocsu+|o||co+oc+sc||cst+u|+o+O|o,cto|cvc+ss|stcnc|+tccn|c+c+|+nt+ioocmuo+sc
+omcsmotcmocx|gcucos|oouto|csnioco|tcmm+|s+|c+so+so|cst+scx|stcntcscmsu+s
|o||co+ocs^|cmo|ssoo|o,ctov+|c||+|umv|vc||occnt|+|c+o|+|oocscnvo|v|mcntoocc-
ucnosv|vc||os+|+|oouioocmuo+scmû|O|o,ctov|s+|o|nccc|um+g+mcnto+nu+|
+os |oouto|cs uc |c|+nt+|cm o|cst+s ^tu+|mcntc |+ cc|c+ oc +ooo |cct+|cs oc tc||+s +|+
|co|cst+mcnto |+nc,+oo o uc |c|cscnt+ +,o |oouto|cs uc vo|unt+||+mcntc sc |nsc|cvc|+m
ncstc|o,ctoO|ox|mo+ssocgco-|c|c|cnc|+|+s|o||co+ocsc+s+|c+s+sc|cm|cst+u|+o+sc
busc+||nvcst|oo|csnomc|c+oovo|unt+||oocc+|bono
Projeto de Cadastro de Compromissos Socioambiental, Xingu (CCSX) -
Mato Grosso
O|o,ctocst+|oc+||z+oon+|cg|ioo+sc+bccc||+soo||oX|ngu|+toC|ossono||+s||+b|+ngcn-
oov+||+s|o||co+ocs|u|+|s||v+o+s|ocscnvo|v|oocm+|cc||+cnt|c+O|C^||+n+o+c||+c
o||^|
Oob,ct|voc|nccnt|v+|+|oouio+g||co|+comb+sccmno|m+ssoc|+|sc+mb|cnt+|suc|nc|u+m
+|ocnt|c+ioc||o||z+ioo+smc||o|cs|+t|c+socgcstio+,uo+nooos|o||ct+||os+|cso|vc|os
con|toscnt|c|oouioc|otcio+mb|cnt+|Osbcnc||c|osgc|+oosc|oCCXsio(|)t|+ns+|cn-
c|+u+nto+oocscmcn|osoc|o-+mb|cnt+|oos|oouto|cs(||)|omoioocmc||o|cs|+t|c+soc
gcstio(|||)|ccon|cc|mcntoooscs|o|osoos|oouto|cs|nsc||tosc|+consc|v+iocgcstiooos|c-
cu|sosn+tu|+|socnt|oocsu+s|o||co+ocsc(|v)+umcntocmc||o||+sno+ccsso+omc|c+oo+|+
os|ooutos|cg|st|+oos^|cmocsscsout|osbcnc||c|osucv+|cm+cn+sc|c|t+ooso|nccnt|vo
+|+o|ccon|cc|mcnto|cg+|o+ossco+tc||+o|mc|oo+cc|t|c+io(t|tu|+io)c+|omoiooc
|nccnt|voscconom|cosn+ncc||osco||t|cos+|+bcncc|+||oouto|cs|csons+vc|s
oo
0 |+|s|n|o:m+cs,oocmsc:cncont:+o+scm|tt,;;www|,+mo:gb:;b|b||otcc+;
86
Projeto piloto em So Flix do Xingu, Par
|oc+||z+oonosuocstcoo|st+oooo|+|+omun|c||oocio|c||xooX|ngutcmsem|||ocsoc
|cct+|cs oos u+|s ,o/ sio tc||+s |no|gcn+s c e/ sio +|c+s |otcg|o+s O |o,cto cst+ scnoo oc-
scnvo|v|oocm+|cc||+comogovc|nooocst+ooogovc|nomun|c|+|c+|C||+s||Oconouto|
||nc|+|ooocsm+t+mcnton+|cg|ioc+ccu+||+^scst|+tcg|+soo|o,ctosio|o|nccc||c||+mcn-
t+s+|+os|o||ct+||osoc|+zcno+c|noust||+o+c+|nc+|+o+|cum||mcnto|cg|s|+ioo|cst+|
mc||o|+|cmg|+noccsc+|++s|+t|c+sccu+||+soccucn+csc+|+mc||o|+|+govc|n+n+o|cst+|
nomb|tocst+ou+|cmun|c|+|+o|+|+t|v|o+ocssustcnt+vc|scomo+|oouiooc|c|tccc+c+uc
ocscnvo|vc||+t|c+soc+g+mcntoso|sc|v|os+mb|cnt+|s+|+|o||ct+||os||v+oos|o|t+|cccn-
oo+gcstioc+|otcioo+stc||+s|no|gcn+sc+|c+s|otcg|o+s
Iniciativas de controle social: o Observatrio do REDD
|n|c|+oocm+gostooc.o+oc|oC|uooc|+b+||o^m+zon|co(C^)oObsc|v+to||ooo||||c
um|nst|umcntos|m|cs|+t|cocc|cntccc||+t|vooc+com+n|+mcntoo+so||t|c+s|og|+m+s
|o,ctos+ocsc+t|v|o+ocsoo||||n+^m+zon|+cnosocm+|sb|om+sb|+s||c||os
|m.o++oObsc|v+to||o|+nouo|o|t+|O|uccum+|+t+|o|m+oc|cg|st|oocco|vu|g+iooc
|n|o|m+ocs+|+omon|to|+mcntooc|o,ctosc|og|+m+soc||||no||+s||como+s+ocsoo
|unoo^m+zon|+
Oobsc|v+to||occoo|ocn+ooc|ocsc||to||on+c|on+|ooC^
o+
cm||+s|||+|ntcg|+oosu+|cococ
mov|mcntossoc|+|sco|g+n|z+ocsootc|cc||oscto||ntcg|+ntcsooCom|tcoos|||nc||oscC||tc||os
oc|o+mb|cnt+|soc||||
OObsc|v+to||otcmcsscnc|+|mcntc+sscgu|ntcs|unocs
+) Vc||c+|cmon|to|+|o+tcno|mcntooc|og|+m+sc|o,ctosoc||||cst+ou+|sc+o|+-
oosc|o|unoo^m+zon|+cm|c|+io+os|||nc||oscC||tc||osoc|o+mb|cnt+|soc||||
+ss|m como mon|to|+| + +|ov+io cxccuio c + +||c+io oc |ccu|sos oc |o,ctos
+|ov+oosc|o|unoo^m+zon|+
1 O:u,ooc1:+b+||o^m+zon|co(1^).|uno+oocm199..:cunc0.cnt|o+ocs||+o+sccst+cst:utu:+oocmnovccst+oos
o+^m+zon|+|cg+|co|v|o|oocmoczo|toco|ct|vos:cg|on+|s|+zcm,+:tco+|coc1ô:g+n|z+csnio-govc:n+mcnt+|s(O|s)
cmov|mcntossoc|+|suc:c,:cscnt+mo|vc:sosscgmcntos
87
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
b) |csu|s+|o|g+n|z+|co|sscm|n+|cm|o|m+tos|m|cscoc|+c||com|ccnsio|n|o|m+ocs
sob|c +s +ocs oo |unoo ^m+zon|+ oc scu o|g+n|smo gcsto| o |||| oos govc|nos
|coc|+|cst+ou+|scmun|c|+|so+so|g+n|z+ocso+soc|co+occ|v||cooscto|||v+oon+
^m+zon|+cno||+s||
c) |ob|||z+|c|o|t+|ccc|+so|g+n|z+ocscmov|mcntossoc|+|so+^m+zon|++|++com+n-
|+|o|n+|c|nucnc|+|+so||t|c+sub||c+sc||v+o+sucgc|+m|m+cton+u+||o+oc
ocv|o+o+o|cst+no||+s||
o) |c+ss+| |n|o|m+ocs con+vc|s +|+ +s occ|socs o||t|c+s + |m|cns+ c ocm+|s |o|m+-
oo|cs oc o|n|io +|+ +ss|m |n|o|m+| c mob|||z+| t+mbcm o con,unto o+ soc|co+oc
b|+s||c||+
c) |o|mu|+|os|c|on+mcntosu+||c+oosc+ocsocc+m+n|+c++zcsoc|nucnc|+||o|-
m+oo|cs oc o|n|io c tom+oo|cs oc occ|sio cm |c|+io +os |og|+m+s c o||t|c+s oo
||||
|) u+||c+| ||oc|+n+s o+ |coc C^ c cnt|o+ocs +|cc||+s +|+ + +n+||sc +|t|c|+io
|oos|ioc|nucnc|+oc|og|+m+sco||t|c+soc||||cmscuscst+oosc+|++c|+bo-
|+iooc|o,ctosoc||||ocu+||o+oc
^t|+vcsocsscsob,ct|vosoC^|ooc-sc+|nvcst||n+const|uiooosmcc+n|smosc+ocs+oc-
u+o+s+|+gc|+|ocon|cc|mcntoncccss+||o+o|omcntoo+mob|||z+io+|t|c|+io|nc|usioc
cont|o|csoc|+|oosovoso+o|cst+sob|c+s+ocsoc||||no||+s||+|ox|m+nooo|t+nto+s
csso+sucv|vcmct|+b+||+mn+s|cg|ocsoco|cst+scnosocm+|sb|om+sb|+s||c||osoo|occsso
occonst|uioo+so||t|c+sub||c+suc|m+ct+mo||ct+mcntc+b|oo|vc|s|o+ococcoss|stcm+c+
v|o+n+c||+comoumtooo
oi
2 |+:+ m+|o:cs |n|o:m+cs. consu|tc o s|tc |tt,;;wwwobsc:v+to:|ooo:cooo:gb:;s|tc;|nocx,|,o,t|on=com_contcnt8v|cw

=+:t|c|c8|o=18|tcm|o=!
89
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
PARTE IV
Uma estratgia nacional de REDD para o Brasil:
os fundamentos
||||tcmucsc|umoos|nst|umcntos(cniooun|co)uccomocmum+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|
+|++|c+ncco+smct+soc|couioooocsm+t+mcntocst+bc|cc|o+sno|||Ccmum+cst|+tcg|+
n+c|on+|b+s|c+nio|+zscnt|oo|cgu|+mcnt+|||||o||c|+cn+s+|+|cg|t|m+||o,ctos|oc+|soc-
s+|t|cu|+oosucoucobcncc|++to|cssoc|+|s|c|cv+ntcsnocontcxtoo+consc|v+ioo+so|cst+s
cnocomb+tc+osocsm+t+mcntoscuc|m+o+s||cg+|sOm+|o|ocs+oo|t+nto|cs|ocno|+tooc
uco||+s||+|no+nioocn|uc|+|+mcntcsu+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|comomcnc|on+oo+ntc||o|mcn-
tc|io|+c|+|cz+cmcomoum+cst|+tcg|++|+||||sccnc+|x+n+|||Cccomoum|ov+vc|
|cg|mcsc|+|cgu|+mcnt+oo
|+|+suc|+|cstcocs+o+|guns|uno+mcntosocvc|iosc|obsc|v+oosu+nooo+const|uioc|m-
|cmcnt+ioocum|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||+|s|uno+mcntosooc|io+,uo+|n+cst|utu|+ioc
oc|+ioocum|cg|mcuc|csu|tccmum+c|ct|v+|m|cmcnt+iooo|||Cc|cvco+|s+um+
nov+o|nm|c+cconom|c+ocb+|x+cm|ssioocc+|bono
Primeiro fundamento: REDD deve operar em uma escala nacional
omcntc|+vc|+comcns+ion+ncc||++|+||||sc,+o||unoosub||cosou||v+oosouc|o
mc|c+ooocc+|bonosc|ouvc||couocsococsm+t+mcntocmcsc+|+n+c|on+|cu,+cont+b|||o+oc
sc,+t+mbcmn+c|on+||cn+o++o|+nt+umouv+||osbons|o,ctos|oc+|soc|couiooccm|ssocs
o|ocsm+t+mcntocomotcms|oo+tcnocnc|+|cccntcn+^m+zon|+ccmout|os+|scst|o|c+|s
sc+t+x+n+c|on+|ococsm+t+mcnto+umcnt+|no+|scomoumtooo|o|m+|socscmcn|ouc
um|o,ctooc||||+|cscntct+||o,ctosoooc|+sc|+v+||+oocomoos|t|voscc|ct|v+mcntc
cst|vc| |nc|u|oo cm um |cg|mc n+c|on+| oc |couio oc cm|ssocs |+|+ uc cstc ocscmcn|o sc,+
+|c||oonum+csc+|+n+c|on+|(ou+m+zon|c+num||mc||omomcnto)o||+s||+ootouum+||n|+
ocb+scouoc|c|c|cnc|++|+cont+b|||z+|su+s|couocsoccm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcnto+|t|cu|+|-
mcntcn+^m+zon|+|st+||n|+ocb+scn+o+m+|scoouc+mco|+oosocsm+t+mcntos||sto||cos
90
cnt|cos+nosoc+,,ec.oo,cu|v+|cntc++,,m|||m
.
(+mcsm+oc|+o+ocnt|ooo|unoo^m+-
zon|+c|||C+ntc||o|mcntccx||c+o+)|st+||n|+ocb+scc|cv|s+o++|+b+|xo+c+o+c|nco+nos
(||gu|+|)Omcsmo|+c|oc|n|ocst+scnoo|c|toc|oscst+oos+m+zon|cosuc,++ssum||+mmct+s
oc |couio oc ocsm+t+mcnto (^C | |^ c ^|) C+o+ um oc|cs cst+bc|ccc um+ ||n|+ oc b+sc
||sto||c+ooocsm+t+mcntocmcocmosscus|cscct|vosocscmcn|oscom+|+noo+s|couocs
oco|||o+s+c+o++nocm|c|+io||n|+ocb+sc
^const|tu|iooc||n|+socb+sc|obust+scum+cont+b|||o+ococ|couiooccm|ssocsnum+csc+-
|+n+c|on+|tcm|c|+ioo||ct+com+oss|b|||o+ococscut|||z+|mcc+n|smosocmc|c+oo(gc|+io
oc c|co|tos) num |utu|o |cg|mc n+c|on+| oc |||| c nio |o| oss|vc| + com+|+io oc um+ |c-
ouiooccm|ssocscomum|c|c|cnc|+|(||n|+ocb+scn+c|on+|ou+m+zon|c+noc+so)nio|+vc|+
|uno+mcnto+|+cm|ssioocc|co|tosoc||||+tcmcsmon+csc+|+oos|o,ctos|o|t+ntosc|+
c|uc|+|+v+||+|como+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|oc||||+b||g+|+ocnt|oocum+un|c+|og|c+cont+b||oc
|couiooccm|ssocs+s+ocssubn+c|on+|s(|st+ooso|cxcm|o)cos|o,ctosoccucn+csc+|+
Segundo fundamento: REDD deve ser resguardado por uma
legislao orestal efetiva e permanente
cm|nvcst|mcnto|c+|cmgovc|n+n++mb|cnt+|(c|oscst+ooscc|ogovc|no|coc|+|)cscmo
|cs+|ooo+|cg|s|+ioo|cst+||coc|+|nio|+vc|+scgu|+n+m|n|m++osotcnc|+|s|nvcst|oo|cs
n+c|on+|soucst|+ngc||oscm+ocsoc||||^smuo+n+snoCoo|go||o|cst+||oost+sc|+
b+nc+o+|u|+||st+noCong|csso
o
c+om|ssiooogovc|no|coc|+|cm|c|+iosocm+no+so+so|-
g+n|z+ocs+mb|cnt+|s
o|
coosgovc|noscst+ou+|scm|c|+io+osscuso|giosocmc|o+mb|cntc
const|tucm|o,c+o|+ooo+c||sccconom|c+|ntc|n+c|on+|co+|+|t+oc|cgu|+iosob|cotcm+
n+ convcnio oc C||m+ o m+|o| obst+cu|o c+t+io oc |ccu|sos sc,+ v|+ |unoos ub||cos ou
+t|+vcsoomc|c+oo|ntc|n+c|on+|occ+|bonoo|cst+|^|cmo|sto+tosocco||uionoso|gios
govc|n+mcnt+|sooc|io||+g|||z+|+ocsou|+oou|+soc||||cm|n+|+c|co|b|||o+occ+|ongc-
v|o+ococum|cg|mcn+c|on+|
1 Vc,+ +:t|go com |n|o:m+cs sob:c t+|s +|tc:+cs cm |tt,;;www|,+mo:gb:;b|ogs;^,+g+o-^mb|cnt+|-sc:|+-com|co-n+o-
|ossc-t:+g|co;
4 Vc,+not+o+sOngssob:cs|tu+csc:|t|c+o+,o||t|c++mb|cnt+|b:+s||c|:+cm|tt,;;www|,+mo:gb:;not|c|+s;|o||t|c+-^m-
b|cnt+|-no-8:+s||-+-bc|:+-oo-+b|smo;!0
91
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
c|o|vc|o+ocucsc|+|cc|so|nvcst||cmmcc+n|smoscconom|cos+|+v+|o||z+|+o|cst+cmc
como|o|m+oc|nouz||+consc|v+iooco|cst+scoc|n|b||oocsm+t+mcntot+mbcmcvc|o+oc
ucc|cc|so|o|t+|ccc|+govc|n+n+o|cst+|
Terceiro fundamento: um regime nacional de REDD deve incorporar
os planos estaduais de reduo de desmatamento dos Estados
(amaznicos)
O+c|ooscst+ooso+|coc|+ion+comos|ioocu+|uc|cst|+tcg|+c|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||
cc|+vc^|c|ocCcstiooc||o|cst+s|ub||c+s(|c||coc|+|++.|s;oe)o|cxcm|o|c+ss++os|s-
t+oos+|csons+b|||o+occ|+sc+||z+iomon|to|+mcntoco||ccnc|+mcntoooocsm+t+mcntocm
scustc|||to||os+|cmoccu|o+|oc+ocsocm+nc,oo|cst+|coot|+nso|tcoc|ooutoso|cst+|s
|o|t+ntosc+gcstioo|cst+|cst+ccnt|+o+noscst+oosc|cssc|iooctc|m|n+ntcsn+govc|n+n+
+mb|cnt+|ocum|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||^|no+nioc|+zo+vc|oc|x+|somcntc+s+ocsoccon-
t|o|cccomb+tc+oocsm+t+mcntosob+|csons+b|||o+ocoos|st+oosscmuccstcsniooss+m
gc|+|bcnc||c|oscconom|cos++|t||o+|m|cmcnt+iooct+|s+ocsOscs|o|osn+const|uiooc
|+noscst+ou+|soccomb+tc+oocsm+t+mcnto(commct+s)comoocsc||to+ntc||o|mcntcccm
+|gunsc+sos(^c|co|cxcm|o)oc|+nosoc||||ocmonst|+mo|ntc|cssc|cg|t|moooscst+oos
cmcont||bu||cm+|++const|uioocum|cg|mcn+c|on+|
Quarto fundamento: os benefcios de REDD devero contemplar
tanto redues de emisses (uxo) como a conservao de oresta
(estoque)
Omcc+n|smooc||||o|s|so|m||c+n+|couiooccm|ssocs(uxo)ocC||+|++tmos|c|+|m+
vczcom|ov+o+um+|couionouxocmcom+|+io+um+||n|+ocb+sc||sto||c+obcnc||c|o
+|+oc||m+ooc|+sc|cont+b|||z+oo|stccum||nc||ob+s|cooc||||cuccm+|s+cc|tonom-
b|too+ConvcnioocC||m+o+O|||o|t+ntosobum+c|scct|v+|utu|++|+um|cg|mc|ntc|n+-
c|on+|oc||||os+|scsucocmonst|+|cm|couocsn+ssu+scm|ssocs(|couionosuxos)n+c|o-
n+|so||uno+sococsm+t+mcnto|cccbc|io+|gumt|ooccomcns+ioou|nccnt|vosn+ncc||os|
+ss|muc||||ocvc|+oc|+|g|ob+|mcntcnum+||mc||+|+scContuoot+|||nc||oooc|+gc|+|
92
oucsccostum+o|zc|um|nccnt|voc|vc|socomcns+|c|+|couiooccm|ssocssomcntc+uc-
|csuccm|t||+m(ocsm+t+|+m)mu|tono+ss+oomcsmouc+go|+cstc,+m|omovcnoocs|o|os
oc|couioobcst+ot|c+o|t+ntocomcns+ocs+|++uc|csucscm|czc|+mcs|o|os+|++
consc|v+ioo|cst+|(oocstouc)c+mocsc+|t+o+s|st+s|tu+iosc|cctcnoscst+ooso+^m+zon|+
b|+s||c||+|o|cxcm|osomcntccons|oc|+noocomcns+ocso||couioocuxoo|st+oooo|+to
C|osso|csons+vc|o|m+|soc,o/octoooocsm+t+mcntonosu|t|mos+o+nostc||+o||c|to+m+|o|
+|tcoosbcnc||c|osgc|+ooso|um|cg|mcoc|||||+cst+ooscomoo^m+zon+s|csons+vc|c|+
consc|v+io oc ,o/ oc too+ o|cst+ |cccbc||+ um+ |+t|+ mu|to cucn+ ocstcs bcnc||c|os o|s +s
t+x+sococsm+t+mcnton+uc|c|st+oosio||sto||c+mcntcb+|x+sOsmcc+n|smos+|+t|+t+|ocstc
|ob|cm+cnt|cv+|o||z+iooouxocmoct||mcntooocstoucsiot|+t+oosm+|s+o|+ntc
Quinto fundamento: deve ser previamente estabelecido quem so os
benecirios de um regime de REDD
ûcmc|tcnccoc+|bono|st+tcms|ooum+c|gunt+||cucntccnt|c+uc|csucocb+tcm+
oc|+c|on+||z+iooomcc+n|smooc||||niosomcntcnomb|ton+c|on+|m+st+mbcmnocon-
tcxto|ntc|n+c|on+||nc|us|vc+|guns+|ccc|cs,u||o|cos,+|o|+m|oouz|oossob|c+ucstio||g+nooo
o||c|tooc+|gunsscto|cssoc|+|s(+g||cu|to|cscou|+ocs|no|gcn+so|cxcm|o)+ousocossc(t|-
tu|o)octc||+sc+oo||c|tooc|o||co+ocsob|coc+|bono(V+||cet al.oo,)O|+c|oc|n|ocs|m|cs+
com|ov+iooc|o||co+oco+tc||+con|c|cocm+nc||+o||ct+|o||co+ocsob|cc+|bonoo|cst+|
|mbo|++o|scussiosob|coo||c|to|o||co+ocooc+|bonomost|c-sccomcc|t+|og|c+t+|vczo
mooom+|s+ocu+oooct|+t+|+ucstio|ossc+|t||+|+um+ocn|ioc|+|+sob|cucmsc||+m
osbcncc|+||osoc|||||||c|cntcmcntcooo||c|to|o||co+ocnouco|z|csc|to+o||||
osbcncc|+||ossc||+m+uc|csuc|cg|t|m+mcntctcm+|csons+b|||o+oco|consc|v+|ouus+|+s
o|cst+soc|o|m+sustcnt+vc|cont||bu|noooc|o|m+conc|ct+ccom|ov+o++|++|couioo+s
cm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcntococg|+o+ioo|cst+||st+ocn|io+m||++v|siooco||c|tossob|c
bcnc||c|osocum|cg|mcoc||||o|s++|t||oc|+nio+cn+s|o||ct+||osoctc||+scomosocv|-
oost|tu|osm+s|uno+mcnt+|mcntcosovos|no|gcn+s+scomun|o+ocscxt|+t|v|st+sct|+o|c|on+|s
os+sscnt+oosos+g||cu|to|cs|+m|||+|cs(comouscmt|tu|oo+tc||+)cosooc|csub||cosnoc+so
oc+|c+s|otcg|o+s|st+oos|n|ioc|un|c||os
o
oocm|gu+|mcntcsc|bcncc|+oos
s ^ :cs,c|to ocssc +ssunto vc,+ o +:t|go o|s,on|vc| no s|tc |tt,;;www|,+mo:gb:;b|b||otcc+;||v:o;|cs+os-,u:|o|cos-,+:+-+-
govc:n+nc+-sob:c-+s-cm|ssocs-oc-CO
.
-,o:-ocsm+t+mcnto-c-+-t|tu|+:|o+oc-oo-c+:bono-o:cst+|;11
93
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
C+soum|cg|mcoc||||vcn|++oc|+|sobmcc+n|smosocmc|c+oogc|+nooc|co|tosocc+|bo-
nosc|+|cc|socom|ccnoc|uc+su+t|tu|+||o+ocniocst+|+somcntc||g+o++o|+to||o||co+oc
tc|||to||+|sob|c+u+|+o|cst+sc|nsc|cm+ss|m|csons+b|||o+occ+oso||c|tosoc+ccsso+os
|ccu|soso|cst+|s|stococvc||+v+|c|+tcscocucsiobcncc|+||osoc||||+uc|cssu,c|tosoc
o||c|tosob|cosu+|s|cc+|+|csons+b|||o+oc(+tcmcsmo+ob||g+to||co+oc)o|m+ntc|+so|cst+s
cmc^t|tu|+||o+ocooc|co|toooc||+v+||+|o|t+ntocm|unioo+n+tu|cz+o++|c+sob|c+s
u+|ssc||+m|m|cmcnt+oosos|og|+m+sc|o,ctosoc|||||ss+tcscsc||+v+||o+nioobst+ntc
+cvcntu+|+t||bu|ioocn+tu|cz+|m+tc||+|+osc|co|tosoc||||ucn+|c+||o+oc|c|o|+||+oc+-
|+tc|ub||co;o||usoocsu+t|tu|+||o+oc|mtc||+sub||c+snio|+b|t+o+s+|csons+b|||o+oc|cc+|
tot+|mcntc sob|c o ooc| ub||co c+bcnoo-||c o|t+nto + t|tu|+||o+oc cxc|us|v+ sob|c c|co|tos
cvcntu+|mcntcoc||v+oosoc|o,ctosou|og|+m+ssob|ct+|tc|||to||o|o|su+vcz+t|tu|+||o+occ
c+b|vc|+osovoso+o|cst+(ovos|no|gcn+scomun|o+ocst|+o|c|on+|scxt|+t|v|st+sccucnos
+g||cu|to|csnoc+sooc+ocsucv|scm|couioococsm+t+mcntoouconsc|v+ioo|cst+||n-
c|u|noom+nc,ocmtc|||to||oscu,+|otciooc||vcoc+toocc||+iooc+|c+s|otcg|o+sou|cco-
n|cc|mcntooco||c|tosocsscsovos)Contuoo+tcscocucnosc+sosoctc|||to||osocou|+ocs
t|+o|c|on+|s+t|tu|+||o+ocsc,+com+|t|||+o+comoooc|ub||co|csons+vc|c|+gcstioc|otc-
ioo+s+|c+sco|scut|vc||ssoniosc+||c+noc+sooc|cm|+ccoo|nst|tutooousu||utocxc|us|vo
oos|ccu|sosn+tu|+|s+cs+|o+n+tu|cz+|nco|o|c+ou|m+tc||+|oct+|sc|co|tos
|m|csumoucm|cccbc+omcnos+m+|o|+|tco+scomcns+ocsn+ncc||+sc|oc|co|tooc
||||ocvc||+sc|ocnom|n+oobcncc|+||o|stoc+uc|csucc|o|||c|totcm+|csons+b|||o+oc
c|+m+nutcnioo+so|cst+scucvcmcum||noocomcssconusoc|o|m++cont||bu||c|ct|v+-
mcntccom+|couioo+scm|ssocsmco|o+n+csc+|+n+c|on+|
ûcstiooct|tu|+||o+ocooc+|bonot+mbcm++|cccun+o|scussiooo||o,ctooc|c|(||,,se;o,)
,+comcnt+o++ntc||o|mcntc|msu+s||mc||+svc|socso||octc|m|n+v++c|cg|b|||o+oc+|o,ctos
oc||||somcntco+uc|csoctcnto|cso+|o||co+occom|ov+o+ocsu+stc||+s(t|tu|oocn|t|-
vo)+|cono|c|on+mcnto|o|+|tc|+ooostc||o|mcntcm+ssc|osscm+nt|oom+|soc;o/ootc|||to-
||o+m+zon|cocobc|too|tc||+s|no|gcn+sun|o+ocsocconsc|v+iocout|+sc+tcgo||+so|st|nt+s
o+|o||co+oc+|t|cu|+|cst+||+mcxc|u|o+sooo||c|toocobtc|c|co|tos|ssos|gn|c+||+|gno|+|o
+c|+bso|ut+mcntc|uno+mcnt+|ocss+s+|c+sco+sou|+ocsucnc|+s|cs|ocm+|++consc|-
v+ioooscstoucsocc+|bonoo|cst+|c+|couioococsm+t+mcnto
94
Sexto fundamento: os benefcios de REDD devem ser repartidos de
forma justa, equitativa e criteriosa.
+|vczumoostcm+sm+|so|||cc|socsc|cm+bo|o+oosn+const|uioocum+cst|+tcg|+ou|cg|mc
n+c|on+|oc||||sc,++uc|c|c|+c|on+oo|c+|t|iooosbcnc||c|os(scnoocstcsoco||gcmub||c+
ou||v+o+oucomoc|co|toocc+|bonoounio)o||unooso+|m|cmcnt+iooct+||cg|mc|||mc||o
o|ucomont+ntc|c+|ocbcnc||c|os(n+ncc||os)+|no+niocst+ocn|oo|mCocn|+gucocn|u-
-scucos+|scsocscnvo|v|oos|nvcst||ionom|n|mo|,|b|||ocscm||||+tc.o+.(+bc|+|)c
oss|vc|mcntcout|os|,+oob|||ocs+tc.o.ocons|oc|+nootooososscto|cs|c|+c|on+oosm|t|g+-
ioo+smuo+n+sc||m+t|c+s(|||CCC.oo,)^tc+go|+o||+s||conscgu|u|cv+nt+|nomb|tooo
|unoo^m+zon|++|gocmto|nooc|,++om|||ocscmoo+ocsooCovc|noo+|o|ucg+comum+
|omcss+oc|cccbc|cc|c+oc|,+b|||ionumc||oooococz+noscgunoocmbo|+sctcn|+um+
c|scct|v+oc+umcntooc|ccu|sos+|+||||nomunoooucosctcm|+|+oonomooocomoos
bcnc||c|osgc|+oossc|ioo|st||bu|ooscu+|sscto|cso+soc|co+ococvc||+msc|contcm|+oos
|+|+ucu+|uc|cst|+tcg|++|+||||no||+s||tcn|++|gum+c|+nccocsuccssoosc||tc||osoc|c-
+|t|iocu|t+t|v+oosbcnc||c|osn+ncc||osgc|+oosocvcmsc|o|scut|oosocm+nc||++bc|t+c+|-
t|c|+t|v+^|no++octc|m|n+ioocucmocvcmsc|osbcncc|+ooso|cstcs|ccu|sos|cc|s+|+
sc||c|t++ntcsucum+cst|utu|+oc|+c|on+|+|+um|cg|mcoc||||sc,+|nst|tu|o+|o|cxcm|o
sc|+ncccss+||oo|scut||o+c|+|+consc|v+ioo|cst+|c|couioooocsm+t+mcntoo+sou-
|+ocsucv|vcmo+scn+so|cst+scomoovos|no|gcn+sccomun|o+ocst|+o|c|on+|sbcmcomo
o+c|o+s|o||co+ocs||v+o+scocout|+sc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+s(+|c+s|otcg|o+so|cxcm|o)
Stimo fundamento: qualquer regime de REDD deve respeitar os
direitos dos povos da oresta
|moos||nc|+|stcmo|cs|c|c|cntcs+o||||coocuc+ocomcns+|os+to|csucoctcmo-
|cst+somcc+n|smooss+cst|mu|+|+csccu|+ioc+g|||+gcmoctc||+sn+^m+zon|+cmoct||-
mcntoocou|+ocst|+o|c|on+|scovos|no|gcn+scu,oso||c|tos+osscustc|||to||osniotcn|+m
+|no+s|oo|ccon|cc|oosc|o|st+oo|m+|tccss+|cocu+io|occoc||nc|+|mcntcnos+-
|scscomo|cst+st|o|c+|sonoccsscso||c|tosniocstc,+m+sscgu|+oos|stccontuoonioccx+-
t+mcntcoc+sooo||+s|||mbo|++|no+cx|st+m|numc|+s+|c+sscm|omo|og+ioouocst|n+io
95
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
+|cg|s|+iob|+s||c||++t|+vcso+Const|tu|io|coc|+|+sscgu|+oso||c|tosocss+sou|+ocs
oo
+|s
o||c|toscontuooocvcmsc||c+|m+oos+t|+vcsoccsc|+|cc|mcntoscconsu|t+s|c+||z+o+s,untos
||oc|+n+socmov|mcntossoc|+|s+|+ucsc,+g+|+nt|o+su++|t|c|+io+t|v+noocscnvo|v|mcnto
oc||nc||oscc||tc||osuc+tcno+m+scus|ntc|csscs|+^m+zon|+|n|c|+t|v+soc+m|+consu|t+
,+cstiocmcu|so(Comcset al.o+o)
o;
m+s|+v+||+s|n|c|+t|v+soc||||uc+v+n+mscmuc+s
mco|o+socconsu|t+c+|t|c|+ioo+uc|csucoctcmo|ccu|soo|cst+sc,+mobsc|v+o+s
Oitavo fundamento: uma estratgia de REDD no deve desconsiderar
o potencial de investimento via mercado de carbono
||sto||c+mcntc o govc|no b|+s||c||o tcm t|oo c+utc|+ u+nto oss|b|||o+oc oc sc gc|+| c|co|tos
occ+|bono++|t||oc||||,+uccstcsooc||+msc|ut|||z+ooso|+|scsocscnvo|v|oosoucm-
|cs+s+|+cum|||+|tcocsu+smct+s(ob||g+to||+s)oc|couiooccm|ssocs(vc,++bc|+,)c||+
como |couz|| cm|ssocs nos +|scs cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto +|+ cont|nu+| c|m|t|noo cm|ssocs nos
ocscnvo|v|oosComo,+c|t+oon++bc|+,cst+|oc|+oc|couz||+u|+|+c|m|t||cm|ssocs|+nio
ctot+|mcntcvc|o+oc||+|+st+ucscoctc|m|ncuc+m+|o|+|tc(t+|vcz+|gocmto|noocso-,,/)
o+s|couocsoos+|scsocscnvo|v|oossc,+|c+||z+o+ocnt|oocscustc|||to||os^|no+sc||+|+us|vc|
+m+||+|ousooossuostosc|co|tosoc||||sccsscs+|scs+ssum|sscmmct+sob||g+to||+sm+|s
+mb|c|os+s oo uc +uc|+s uc vcm +nunc|+noo +os + CO|+, ^ v+nt+gcm oc mcc+n|smos oc
mc|c+oosob|c+uc|csb+sc+ooscmoo+ocsou|unoosub||cos|cs|ocno|+toocuco||mc||o
tcmum++t|+t|v|o+ocm+|o|comc++c|o+ococgc|+|m+|sbcnc||c|os+|++so|cst+sc+sou|+-
ocsucnc|+sv|vcm+|cmoctc|um+|ob+b|||o+ocm+|o|ocm+ntc|uxosoc|ccu|sosn+ncc||os
m+|o|cscm+|sconst+ntcscm|ongo|+zo
Com+ncccss|o+ococ|cgu|+mcnt+iooo^|t|go+.o+|c|oc|o||t|c+|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||-
m+ou+|cst+bc|ccc+smct+soc|couiooccm|ssocs+tc.o.osc|+|mo|t+ntcucmcc+n|smosoc
|nccnt|vosn+ncc||os+|+oscucum||mcntosc,+mcns+oos|nc|u|noo+|+uc|csocmc|c+ooCon-
s|oc|+noouc||||coc+m|n|om+|s|+c||c|+|ooocsc|couz||+scm|ssocsg|ob+|socC||omc|-
c+ooocv|o+mcntc|cgu|+mcnt+oooocsc|m+|s+t|+cntcgc|+noo|ccu|sosotcnc|+|mcntcm+|o|cs
oouc+uc|csobt|oosv|+oo+io^c++c|o+occvont+ocoos+|scsocscnvo|v|ooscmcont|nu+|
Vc,+sob:ccstc+ssuntoo+:t|goscgu|ntc
btt,;;wwwoccocomb:;conv|o+oos;4-co|un|st+s-conv|o+oos;.!s-scm-o|:c|tos-scm-:coo-ou-scm-:coo-mcnos-o|:c|tos
1 Vc:not|c|++:cs,c|tooos,:|nc|,|oscc:|tc:|oscm
btt,;;www|,+mo:gb:;:cv|st+;-,-|:|nc|,|os-c-C:|tc:|os-,+:+-||||-,+ss+m-,o:-consu|t+-,ub||c+-,-;14 c oocumcnto sob con-
su|t+cm|tt,;;www:coosoc|o+mb|cnt+|o:gb:
96
oo+noo|ccu|sos+|++consc|v+iooco|cst+st|o|c+|scb+st+ntcouv|oos+no|utu|ocscc|+|mcn-
tcsobumccn+||oococm+no+c|csccntcoc|nvcst|mcnto+|+m|t|g+ioc+o+t+iomuo+n+oo
c||m+cmscustc|||to||os|cnt|oocum|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||+const|uioocmc|os+|+m+n-
tc|+o|vc|s|o+ococ|nvcst|mcntoscm||||c|uno+mcnt+||+|+|ssoc|cc|souc|+,+cs+o+|+
|o,ctosvo|t+oos+|+omc|c+oom+no+to||o
oo
m+|scom|cxoscm+cxc|usiooos|o,ctosvo|t+oos
+|+omc|c+oovo|unt+||o
o;
mcnoscom|cxo|mooscomoncntcsm+|s|mo|t+ntcsocu+|uc|
mcc+n|smon+ncc||oc+u||ouc+t|+||nvcst|oo|cs+|t|cu|+|cs
Nono fundamento: um regime nacional de REDD deve estabelecer
um sistema que documente, registre e comunique as redues na
emisso de carbono.
^ss|mcomocx|g|oono|(u+o|o+)um|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||no||+s||ocvc|+cst+bc|ccc|
ums|stcm+ucoocumcntc|cg|st|cccomun|uc+smuo+n+sn+cm|ssioocc+|bono|ssoocvc|+
sc||c|toocm+nc||+t|+ns+|cntccons|stcntccom+|+vc|c|cc|s+ousc,+v|+ummcc+n|smooc
mco|io|cg|st|occomun|c+ioo+s|couocs(con|cc|oocm|ng|csc|+s|g|+||V-mc+su||ng
|co|t|ng+novc||c+t|on)cmums|stcm+oc||Vocn|oo+c|co|b|||o+ococu+|uc||cg|mc
||cntc+omc|c+ooc+|+com|omct|o+|ms|stcm+n+c|on+|oc||Vocvc|+sc||obustoosu-
c|cntcccst+|cm+co|oocomos|cuc||mcntosoo||CCcomo|ooc+|Ô
os
Com+|m|cmcn-
t+iooo|unoo^m+zon|+o||+s||,++v+nounums|stcm+oc||Vscnooomon|to|+mcntooo
ocsm+t+mcntoo|cxcm|o|c+||z+oo+nu+|mcntcc|o|ncccons|oc|+ooumoosmc||o|csoo
munoocomc|cv+o+c|co|b|||o+oc
Out|osoo|sc||tc||os|uno+mcnt+|s+|+sct|+t+|nums|stcm+oc||Vsioov+z+mcntoc+
ou|+cont+gcmOv+z+mcntocst+|c|+c|on+ooscm|ssocsocC||ncstcc+soocsm+t+mcn-
to |o|+ o+s ||ontc||+s oo |o,cto uc c gc|+oo cm occo||cnc|+ o+ +t|v|o+oc oc |o,cto |m
out|+s +|+v|+s + |couio oo ocsm+t+mcnto cm um+ +|c+ ooc +umcnt+| o ocsm+t+mcnto
cmout|+|stct|ooc|ob|cm+cm+|o|cm|o,ctosoccucn+csc+|+c,+|o|obsc|v+oocm
v+||+soc+s|ocsu+ntom+|o|+csc+|+oo|o,ctomcno|+oss|b|||o+ococv+z+mcnto|+|+
||o+|comcst+ucstioum++|tc|n+t|v+cmco||+|couioooocsm+t+mcntocmtooob|om+
(noc+so+u|o+m+zon|co)+o|nvcsoc|+zc|cstcc+|cu|o|no|v|ou+|mcntco|c+o+|o,ctoou
|og|+m+|m+vczmco|o+cmtooob|om+com+ut|||z+ioocums|stcm+comoo||oocs
8 |tt,;;wwwun-:cooo:g;|cws|cttc:s_||V_:ystcm_|ccommcno+t|ons;t+b|o;41;|+ngu+gc;cn-U:;|c|+u|t+s,x
97
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
o|cxcm|o+s|couocsoccm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcntosioc|+|+mcntcmon|to|+vc|scomu-
n|c+vc|scvc||||c+vc|scum||nooos|cu|s|tosb+s|cosocum|o,ctooc||||vo|t+oo+|++
gc|+ioocc|co|tosocc+|bono+|+omc|c+oom+no+to||o
u+ntoou|+cont+gcmcst+oco||cu+noooo|scntcso||c|cntcsscbcnc||c|+moc|nccnt|-
vos||n+ncc||osoucomc|c|+||z+mc|co|tos(noc+soocum+oc|+iov|+mc|c+ooocc+|bono)
oc um vo|umc oc cm|ssio cv|t+o+ |c+||z+o+ cm um+ mcsm+ +|c+ c o||uno+ oc um+ mcsm+
+io|o,ctoou|og|+m+oc|couiooccm|ssocsocc+|bono|o|cxcm|oum|o,ctocs-
t+bc|cc|oo no ^m+zon+s ooc vcnoc| c|co|tos +|+ o mc|c+oo +o mcsmo tcmo cm uc o
govc|nooo^m+zon+sooccomc|c|+||z+|+smcsm+s|couocsn+csc+|+cst+ou+|ccmtco||+
ogovc|no|coc|+|ooc|+zc|omcsmocons|oc|+nooum+csc+|+n+c|on+||+|+cv|t+|uc|sto
+contc+cncccss+||++|m|+nt+ioocums|stcm+oc|cg|st|oucc|m|t+ucsc,+|c|t+um+
cont+b|||o+ocn+c|on+|^cont+b|||o+ocn+c|on+|o+|couiooccm|ssocsg+|+ntcucnio|+,+
ou|+cont+gcm|mbo|+niocst+nooo||ct+mcntcv|ncu|+o+const|uioocum+cst|utu|+
n+c|on+| oc |||| + ucstio o+ tcmo|+||o+oc oos c|co|tos oc |||| ocvc sc| cons|oc|+o+
||sto||c+mcntc os |o,ctos ||o|cst+|s sio cons|oc|+oos como oc scguno+ ||n|+ ocnt|o o+
ConvcnioooC||m+|sso||c+cv|ocntcu+nooscobsc|v+ucocnt|ooo||nc|+|mc|c+oo
occ|co|tosocc+|bonooomunoocomoo|(u+o|o.)osc|co|tos||o|cst+|sv|+||||ou
||| nio oocm sc| comc|c|+||z+oos |s+noo os |o,ctos oc ||| como cxcm|o tccn|c+-
mcntccstcs|unc|on+mo+mcsm+m+nc||+ucos|o,ctosocnt|ooo|^scm|ssocscv|t+-
o+socv|oosubst|tu|iooccombust|vc|s|ossc|so||cnov+vc|s+umcntoo+c||c|cnc|+cnc|-
gct|c+ocum|occssocnt|cout|+ssioc+|cu|+o+smco|o+scmon|to|+o+s^ss|m+cm|ssio
cv|t+o+occo||cntco+subst|tu|ioocum||t|ooco|coo|csc|o|um+|ontc|cnov+vc|occnc|-
g|+c|||cvc|s|vc|omcsmonio+contcccnoonos|o,ctos||o|cst+|s|cnt|ooo|||+||nc|+|
+t|v|o+ococ|o,ctogc|+oo|+occ|co|to||o|cst+|co|c||o|cst+mcnto|cstct|ooc|o,ctoo
c+|bonocscucst|+ooo++tmos|c|+c+|m+zcn+oon+|o|m+ocb|om+ss+cmum+cst|utu|+
||o|cst+|^ss|mscnoo+convc|siooc+|c+socsm+t+o+scm||o|cst+sc++t|v|o+ococ|o,cto
gc|+oo|+occ|co|tosocc+|bono||o|cst+|ocnt|ooo||||ocnt+ntocstcs|o,ctosniosio
|||cvc|s|vc|sccstiosu,c|tosc|m+ncnc|+ooc+|bonocstoc+oo+|+sc|cmc|ct|vos|m|n-
ccno|o||o|cst+|o|cxcm|oooc,og+|nov+mcntc+|+++tmos|c|+tooooc+|bonouc|o|
+bso|v|oonoc|csc|mcntoo+||o|cst+
^+|t||ocst+scons|oc|+ocsosc|co|toso|cst+|s|o|+mcons|oc|+oostcmo|+|sc|cccbc|+mum
t|+t+mcntoo||c|cnc|+ooooscc|t|c+oosoc|couiooccm|ssio(C||)m+|scon|cc|ooscomoc|c-
98
o|tosocc+|bono^ss|mosc|co|toso|cst+|soocmsc||C||ouC||c|co|tosoc|ongo|+zo
outcmo|+||os|cscct|v+mcntccm|unioo+sc+|+ctc||st|c+soos|o,ctos+uccstiov|ncu|+-
oos|m+mbososc+soscnt|ct+ntoc|csocvcmsc|c||oo|c+mcntcsubst|tu|ooso|out|osco|
|ssosiocons|oc|+oostcmo|+||os|m+vczucosc||tc||osncccss+||os+|++const|uioocum
s|stcm+ucoc|ct+ntonomc|c+oovo|unt+||ou+ntonomc|c+oom+no+to||osiocon|cc|oos
o|ox|mo+ssoc|nc|u||n+conccioo+cst|utu|+concc|tosucc|m|t+mocng+,+mcntooc
toooscst+oos+m+zon|cosno|og|+m+n+c|on+|oc||||
Quadro 2 - European Trading Scheme (ETS).
|mbomcxcm|o+|+cntcnoc|u+|co|nm|c+oomc|c+oom+no+to||oocc|co|tosocc+|bonoco|
|stccsucm+uc|cuncm+|soc1.000cm|cs+so|st||bu|o+scm.+|scso+|n|io|u|oc|+(||)|o|
c||+oo+|++tcnoc|ocom|om|ssoo+||no||otoco|oocu|oto|+t+-scocum|cg|mc+b|+ngcntcoc
comc|c|ooccm|ssocsocCO.cnt|cg|+nocscm|cs+soob|ococu|ocuctcms|oocons|oc|+oocomo
um+|o|m+cconom|c+mcntccc|cntc+|+uc+||+t|n,+su+smct+sno||otoco|o|m+o+s||nc|+|s
cnt|o+ocsc||+o+s+|+cst|utu|+|o||o|+Community Independent Transaction Log(C||)|c|+ucm
|cg|st|+t|+ns|c|ccm|tccg+|+ntctooososcc|t|c+ooscomc|c|+||z+oosocnt|ooo||ob||g+to||ouc
c+o+|st+oo-|cmb|otcn|+ums|stcm+oc|cg|st|on+c|on+|uc|csono++C|||sscs|cg|st|os+sscgu|+m
+ cont+b|||z+io o+s mov|mcnt+ocs oc cc|t|c+oos c|m|t|noo um cont|o|c t+nto oos com|om|ssos
,unto+o||otoco|oocu|otou+nto+|t|c|+iooos+|scsco+scm|cs+succomocmos|stcm+
^ss|mos|o,ctosvo|t+oos+|+cstcmc|c+oom+no+to||oocvcm+tcnoc|+um+sc||cocc||tc||os+|+
uc sc,+m mon|to|+vc|s tcn|+m |cg|st|o c uc csscs oss+m sc| vc||c+oos |stcs t|cs c||tc||os b+s|cos
mon|to|+mcntos|stcm+oc|cg|st|ocvc||c+iosio|uno+mcnt+|s+|+u+|uc||o,ctoou|og|+m+
vo|t+oo+|+omc|c+oom+no+to||oocc|co|tosocc+|bonoooocstc|occssosc,ust|c+um+vczuc
osc|co|tosgc|+ooso|cstcs|o,ctosooc|iosc|ut|||z+ooso|+|scs;cm|cs+suctcn|+mob||g+ocs
oc|couiooccm|ssioocC|||n|c||zmcntco|+|no+niocontcm|+|o,ctosoc||||
99
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Dcimo fundamento: os recursos oriundos de um regime de REDD
devem ser investidos em aes e polticas integradas para a reduo
de desmatamento, conservao orestal e no aprimoramento do
prprio regime.
Os com|om|ssos oc n+nc|+mcnto oc |||| +nunc|+oos ou|+ntc c oco|s o+ CO|+, ocsc||tos
+ntc||o|mcntcsio|uno+mcnt+|s+|+o+|scgu|mcntonocu|to|+zo+os+v+nos+|c+n+oos+tc
+go|+n+c|+bo|+ioccxccuiooc|og|+m+soc||||^|mo|tnc|+ocstcs|unoosc|css+|t+o+
c|os+t|+sosn++|ov+ioocums|stcm+oc|c|soccomcns+ocsocCap-and-tradenos||ûc
ooc||+gc|+|ocm+no+sob|c||||cc|o||+c+ssoo+CO|+,cm+|c+n+|um+co|oog|ob+|sob|c
oc||m+|cstccontcxtoc|ov+vc|uc|+,+um+t|+soocum+t|cs+nosn+con|ccioocum+co|-
oosob|cot|+t+ooc||m+t|coos.o+.|nc|u|noo+|+ocn|ioocu+|+|u|tctu|+sc|++oot+o++|+
|||| c su+s |c|+ocs com o mc|c+oo oc comcns+ocs |cv|oo + css+ ocmo|+ c |ncc|tcz+ o -
n+nc|+mcntoub||co+|+||||(oo+ocs)tcmootcnc|+|+|+c+t+||s+|um+t|+ns|iooc+t|v|o+-
ocs|nc||cntcsc||+gmcnt+o+s+|+um|cg|mcn+c|on+|ousubn+c|on+|
op
(cst+ou+|)oc|couiooc
ocsm+t+mcntoucsc,+c++zno|utu|oocscun||comosmc|c+ooscmc|gcntcsoccomcns+io
o||couiooccm|ssocsContuoocon|o|mcmcnc|on+oocst+oo|tun|o+ocoocsc||+c||mcntc
c|o|o+scousooos|ccu|sosub||cos+|+|||||o|m+|cm|cg+oo
O |nvcst|mcnto ocsscs |ccu|sos ocvc scgu|| + +bo|o+gcm oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto g|+ou+| oo ||||
como|oostonon|vc||ntc|n+c|on+|(|c||o|+n|co|tO^|.oos)|o|cst++bo|o+gcmos|nvcst|-
mcntos|cc|s+msc||c|toso||+scs|n|c|+|mcntcocvc-scconccnt|+|cs|o|osnoocscnvo|v|mcnto
o+sc++c|o+ocsn+c|on+|s+|+||o+|com|og|+m+soc||||+|+sooco|snum+scguno+ct+-
+|m|cmcnt+|o||t|c+suc|cgu|cm+t|v|o+ocscscc|c+sucoccmsustcnt+ionum+u|t|m+
|+sc+um|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||+||cg|mcocvcsc|suc|cntcmcntccx|vc|+|+sc+o+t+|
+oso||c|cntcsccn+||ososs|vc|soc|cgu|+iosc,+mc|csconst|u|oosocc|m++|+b+|xo(+t|+vcsoc
um+co|oo|ntc|n+c|on+|ob||g+to||oo|cxcm|o)ouocb+|xo+|+c|m+(cx|stcnc|+ocv+||osmc|-
c+oosocc+|bono|ntc|||g+oosc|mc+ooso|+co|oosb||+tc|+|soumcsmocnt|ccst+oosocnt|o
ocummcsmo+|s)^cs+|ocsc||mo|t+ntcum|nvcst|mcntog|+ou+|oc|ccu|sosub||cosuc
contcm|cm+s|+scsocsc||t+s+c|m++|no+cx|stcmouc+s+n+||scssob|comooocomo+t|+ns|io
cnt|cc+o+|+scocvcoco||c|ccomocst+soocmcocx|st||nummcsmo+|sc|+ncccss+||ocon-
s|oc|+|+s|c+||o+ocsn+c|on+|scsubn+c|on+|sc+v+||+|+soss|vc|s+|u|tctu|+soc|cgu|+mcnt+io
ucum|og|+m+n+c|on+|oc||||cx|gc
9 O tc:mo subn+c|on+| c |:cucntcmcntc us+oo oc |o:m+ +m,|+ ,+:+ +b:+ngc: v+:|+s csc+|+s oos ,:og:+m+s oc |||| uc
cstc,+m+b+|xooon|vc|n+c|on+||+:+osnsocstc+:t|go.otc:mosubn+c|on+|cut|||z+oo,+:+sc:c|c:|:+cst+ooscmun|c|,|os
100
|mbo|+v+||+s+|u|tctu|+sn+c|on+|s+|+v|+b|||z+|mcc+n|smosoc||||vcn|+mscnoosugc||o+s
ouc+sc|m|t||io+t|+ns|ioocum|cg|mcoc||||sustcnt+ooo||ccu|sosub||cos+|+out|o
||g+oo+mc|c+oosoccomcns+iooccm|ssocsocc+|bonoc,+u+||o|++|u|tctu|+|m|cmcn-
t+o+o|cmosuccssooccst|+tcg|+soc||||no||+s||occnoc|+o+c++c|o+ocoo+|s|co||cnt+|
oocscnvo|v|mcnto|u|+|+|+c+m|n|os;+o|ocsucsc,+mb+sc+oosn+m+nutcnioo+so|cst+s
|+|+t+nto|||||cc|s+|+mot|v+|osgovc|nos+soc|co+occ|v||coscto|||v+oooc|o|m+s|s-
tcm+t|c++const|u|||nvcst|mcntoso||t|c+s+mb|cnt+|scst|utu|+s|nst|tuc|on+|scsc|v|os|u|+|s
(couc+io|st+oooc|||c|tos+uoc+ss|stcnc|+tccn|c+)comoob,ct|voocc|m|t||+subst|tu|io
niot|+um+t|c+o+s+t|v|o+ocscconom|c+sucoccnocmooocsm+t+mcnto^|cmo|ssocomo,+
mcnc|on+ooum|og|+m+oc||||ocvc(|)|couz||o||scooc|ug+soccm|ssio(||)o|m|nu||os
custosoct|+ns+io(|||)cnvo|vc|um+m|o|cucoc+to|cso|cst+|s(|v)s|m||c+|os|stcm+oc
mon|to|+mcntocomun|c+iocvc||c+io(||V)o+c|o+occobc|tu|+o|cst+|c(v)+umcnt+|
+|ob+b|||o+ococum+|couiog|ob+|o+scm|ssocsocC||||n+|mcntc+|og|c+sub,+ccntcsnc-
goc|+ocso+|||CCCc+os|occssos|cg|s|+t|vosn+c|on+|scsubn+c|on+|scoc|cg|mcsoc||||
|oc+ooscm|og|+m+soccsc+|+n+c|on+||ogoon+nc|+mcntooo||||com|ccu|sosub||cos
ocvcsc|conccb|oocm||mc||o|ug+|+|++,uo+|+movc|+sn+ocs+|+|og|+m+socsuccssooc
||||+n|vc|n+c|on+|
;o
^+bc|+,|o|ncccumsum+||ooc|ccomcno+ocssob|ccomoos|ccu|sos
ub||cosocvcmsc|cm|cg+oosc+soo||+s||occ|o++ccss+-|os
;+
10 |CCC;^v|C^;.009;|;ôo1|cccmbc:.009
11 ^tcomomcntoogovc:no8:+s||c|:onio+ccssouncn|umoos|unoos||st+oosn+1+bc|+
101
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
1abeIa 9 - Recomendaes de investimento dos recursos pblicos j existentes (veja Tabela 5) na construo
de uma estratgia e de um programa nacional de REDD no Brasil.
Hiptese Onde investir o recurso de REDD?
|st|+tcg|+c|og|+m+
n+c|on+|||||
co+|socsc,+||m|cmcnt+|
ums|stcm+occomcns+ioo|
|couioococsm+t+mcntocstc
ocvc|+sc|c||vc|t|+ns+|cntcc
+t|+t|voCons|oc|+nooos+v+nos
conscgu|oos+tc+go|+o+|s
ooc|+const|u||c|m|cmcnt+|t+|
cst|+tcg|+ocnt|oocum+no
|+|++const|uioocum+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|oc||||c
cmscgu|o+ocum|og|+m+n+c|on+|os|nvcst|mcntos
ocvc|io+o|+|(1)um|occssoocconsu|t++soc|co+oc
(.)+|c+||z+iooc+n+||scso||t|c+sc(!)oo+|c+bouo
|nst|tuc|on+|ncccss+||o+|++m+nutcniooct+|
|og|+m+|cvc-sc+|no+(4)|nvcst||no+||mo|+mcnto
ooss|stcm+socmon|to|+mcntoo+scm|ssocso|
ocsm+t+mcnto
||og|+m+s|st+ou+|s;
ubn+c|on+|soc||||
^m+|o|+|tco+so|cst+s
b|+s||c||+scncont|+-sc|o,c
+b||g+o+cmcst+oos(^C|c
|^)oumun|c||osuc,+cstio
ocscnvo|vcnoo+|gum|og|+m+oc
|||||stcs|og|+m+scst+ou+|s
|ocu|+mocscnvo|vc||og|+m+s
||||c++zcsocs+t|s|+zc|os
s|stcm+soccomcns+ocsuc
cstiosu|g|noonos||^ccm
out|os+|scscucsio+b+sc
+|++|ntcg|+iooc+ocssobum
|og|+m+n+c|on+|oc||||
|nvcst||n+|+|mon|z+iooc|og|+m+scst+ou+|soc||||
ocvc|+sc|um+||o||o+occomocst|+tcg|++|+busc+|
conscnso|cg|on+|ucocsuo|tco||t|coctccn|co+um
|og|+m+n+c|on+|oc|||||nccnt|v+|+t|+ns|c|cnc|+
o+scxc||cnc|+scst+ou+|so+^m+zon|++|+oscst+oos
ooCc||+oo
|nvcst|mcntosooscto|
||v+oo
|m+cst|+tcg|+oc||||so
tc|+succssosc|o|+t|+cntc+os
|nvcst|oo|cs||v+ooso|scstcs
|c|cscnt+m+b+sc(v|+mc|c+oo)
oosuccssooc|ongo|+zo+|+
um|og|+m+n+c|on+|oc||||
|m|og|+m+n+c|on+|c;ou
subn+c|on+|(cst+oos)cc|t+mcntc
+|cscnt+um+m+|o||ntcg||o+oc
+mb|cnt+|cm|c|+io+|o,ctos
|so|+oosm+scst++bo|o+gcm+|no+
cv|st+comooc+|to||scoc|os
|nvcst|oo|cs||v+oos
O|nvcst|mcntooos|ccu|sosub||cos+|+||||ocvc
|oouz||osmc|os+|+ucno|utu|oos|nvcst|mcntos
||v+ooscm+ocsoc||||non|vc|n+c|on+|ccst+ou+|;
mun|c|+|sc,+m|nccnt|v+oos
|stosc|+|uno+mcnt+|+|+ucos|nvcst|oo|cs+sscm
+con+|cm|og|+m+scniosomcntccm|o,ctos
oc|||||nvcst|mcntosco||ctosv|+|unoosub||cos
ooc|ioo|cxcm|o|couz||o||sco+|+os|nvcst|oo|cs
||v+oosc||+nooum+s|tu+ioocscgu|+n+c+so+s
+ocsoc||||niotcn|+moocscmcn|oocsc,+oo+|
s|tu+io|+c|||t+||++|cc||+sub||co-||v+o+suco+||+m
o||c|to+o|nvcst|oo|||v+oosob|cum++|cc|+occ|co|tos
|utu|osoc||||^|cmo|stoos|ccu|sosub||cos
cx|stcntcsocvcm+o|+|oocscnvo|v|mcntooco||t|c+s
cocum+c++c|o+oc|nst|tuc|on+|+|+uc+ocsoc
||||o|mc|ooos|og|+m+ssubn+c|on+|scn+c|on+|sc
concctcm+osmc|c+oosocc+|bono|cgu|+oos+tu+|mcntc
cmocscnvo|v|mcnto
102
|cscnvo|v|mcnto|u|+|oc
b+|x+cm|ssioocc+|bono
^sustcnt+b|||o+ococ|ongo|+zo
ocum|og|+m+n+c|on+|oc||||
cst++mc++o+c|+tcnocnc|+oc
+umcntoo+ocm+no+muno|+|
o|g|ioscc+|nc(|cst+oct+|
.00)^g+|+nt|+ocum|og|+m+
n+c|on+|sustcnt+vc|oc||||
cst+|+b+sc+o+cm|nvcst|mcntos
n+const|uiooco||t|c+suc
cst|mu|cmumocscnvo|v|mcnto
|u|+|ocb+|x+cm|ssioocc+|bono
|nvcst|mcntosub||cosocvc||+msc||c+||z+oosn+
const|uioocs|stcm+sucv|s+sscm+comcns+iooc
+g||cu|to|cso|su+sbo+s|+t|c+s+g||co|+sc|cvcnio
ooocsm+t+mcntocmsu+s|o||co+ocs+t|+vcsoc
mcc+n|smosoccc|t|c+ioOsc||tc||osoccc|t|c+io
ocvcm|nc|u||+|o|b|ioo+|oouiocmtc||+s
|cccm-ocsm+t+o+s|stcss|stcm+soccc|t|c+iocstio
sob||scoocsucumb||cmocv|oo+o+|tocustoocsu+
|m|cmcnt+ioccum||mcntoo|+|tcoos+g||cu|to|cs
^ss|mocvcmsc|cst|mu|+oosnocu|to|+zo
|ou|+ocs|no|gcn+sc
t|+o|c|on+|s
|m+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|oc||||
sotc|+sustcnt+b|||o+ocsc|ouvc|
|nccnt|vos+|og|+m+suc
|ccomcnscm+uc|csucv|vcmn+
co+o|cst+|ou|+ocs|no|gcn+s
ct|+o|c|on+|scout|+scomun|o+ocs
|oc+|suc+tu+mcomogu+|o|is
ocv+st+s+|c+soco|cst+socvcm
|cccbc|comcns+ocs
Os|nvcst|mcntosub||cosoocm|omovc||c|o|m+s
|nst|tuc|on+|sco||t|c+sncccss+||+s+|+|o|nccc|
mc||o||+ss|stcm|c+scou|+oou|+s+|++sou|+ocs
occnocntcso+o|cst+||og|+m+s+|++|oouioc
|nvcst|mcntosn+mc||o||+o+u+||o+ococv|o+ocst+s
ou|+ocsbcmcomocm|otcioocscustc|||to||os
sc|ioc|uc|+|s+|+m+ntc||nt+ct+um+g|+noc+|tcoos
cstoucsocc+|bono+m+zon|cos|mn+nc|+mcnto
+g||sc|+ncccss+||o+|+|omovc|+c++c|t+ioocst+s
ou|+ocs+|+uccn||cntcmocm+nc||++ocu+o+
+muo+n+c||m+t|c+c+|+ucc||cmscus|o||os
|og|+m+soc+o+t+io+o|ob|cm+
oc|co+oco|g+n|z+o+ |m+cst|+tcg|+uc|cvc+um
|og|+m+n+c|on+|oc||||
sustcnt+vc|c,ustososc|+oss|vc|
sc|ouvc|um+soc|co+occ|v||
o|g+n|z+o+c++zoc+|t|c|+|
oos|occssosocconst|uiooct+|
|og|+m+
Osn+nc|+mcntos|cv|oscx|stcntcsocvcm+,uo+|+c||+|
sustcnt+|c|c|o|+|o|g+n|z+ocsnio-govc|n+mcnt+|s
c+ssoc|+ocs|c|cscnt+t|v+socmov|mcntossoc|+|s
t+nto|oc+|scomon+c|on+|sucoss+m+ux|||+|com
cont||bu|ocs|nov+oo|+sob,ct|v+stccn|c+mcntc
comctcntcscucoss+mo+||cg|t|m|o+oc+|occssos
occonsu|t+c+|t|c|+ioo+soc|co+ocnos|occssos
oco|scussioocum|og|+m+n+c|on+|oc||||+|
+o|oocvct+mbcmt|+b+||+|+|+|o|t+|ccc|+s|cocs
cmc|gcntcs|ntc|css+o+scmo|vc|s+s,u||so|ocs+moc
|+c|||t+|uco||c|cntcs+to|csscconcctcmocm+nc||+
coo|ocn+o+n+const|uiooc+ocsoc||||
|+v+||ososs|vc|sontosoc+||c+iooos|ccu|sosub||cos+tu+|mcntco|son|vc|s(+bc|+s|c
,)+|++o|+|oocscnvo|v|mcntoocum|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||(||gu|+s)C+o++|soccnocn-
oooocst+g|ooc+m+ou|cc|mcntocc++c|o+ocucsccncont|+cm|c|+io+o||||cx|g||+um
cu|||b||oo||c|cntcocn+nc|+mcnto++|t||ocontosoccnt|+o+o|st|ntos|ocnt+ntocomo|c-
g|+gc|+|+coo|ocn+iocnt|cosn|vc|soc+ioocvc+umcnt+|oc+co|oocomo+v+nooo+|sno
ocscnvo|v|mcntoocsu+cst|+tcg|+oc||||
103
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Ponto de entrada 3:
Nacional desenvolvimento do
programa REDD e construo
de capacidades
Ponto de entrada 2:
Nvel estadual/provincial
desenvolvimento do programa REDD
e construo de capacidades
Ponto de entrada 1:
Financiamento para participantes
individuais, projetos para reforar
o programa no nvel estadual e nacional
Meta/linha de base nacional,
polticas, desenvolvimento
institucional, todas as
partes interessadas
Meta/linha de base
estadual/municipal,
polticas, instituies
programas
Projetos pilotos de REDD
para os povos da oresta,
os pequenos produtores,
a agroindstria,
o manejo orestal,
e a gesto da paisagem
Iigura 9. Coordenao de nanciamento entre escalas e pontos de entrada para a ao. O nanciamento
necessrio para as atividades que iro apoiar o avano da legislao de um programa de
desenvolvimento de REDD nacional, estadual ou municipal que alinha polticas, promove a inovao
institucional, envolve as partes interessadas, e que incita as lies de projetos bem sucedidos para
apoiar a expanso dos nveis de governana em bases mais profundas.
On+nc|+mcntoub||coo|mc|ooc|unoosocvcsc||m|+nt+ooocnt|oocum+cst|+tcg|+ocst|n+-
o+++o|+|ost|csontosoccnt|+o+ocsc||tosn+||gu|+sscm|ctcnoocmv|st+o|cmoocscn-
vo|v|mcntoocum|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc|||||c|o|+nooouc,+|o|c|t+oo+ntc||o|mcntc+|+uc
+s+t|v|o+ocssubn+c|on+|scos|o,ctos|no|v|ou+|soc||||cont||bu+m+|+cstcob,ct|voocvcm
|st+|+ocu+oos+o|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||uco|su+vczocvccst+|oc+co|oocom
+so||t|c+sococscnvo|v|mcnto|cg|on+|ccom+smct+so+|||C
c||ccon|cc|ooo|+|tcoosgovc|nosn+c|on+|s+t|+vcsoc+|ov+ocs+|o||+o+s|c-
g|st|osc+utcnt|c+ocs
|o|nccc| no|m+s uc com|ovcm + |ntcg||o+oc c cons|stcnc|+ sc,+ o| mc|o oc v|n-
cu|os o||ctos com os ccn+||os oc |c|c|cnc|+ + n|vc| n+c|on+| +|oc+ocs ou s|stcm+s oc
cont+b|||o+ocoosc|co|tos(comococ+sooos|stcm+cmo|scussio+|+oscst+ooso+
^m+zon|+b|+s||c||+)ou+t|+vcsoocnoossooogovc|nooct|+ns|io+|+||n|+socb+sc
vc||c+o+soc|o|m+|noccnocntcccont+b|||o+ococc+|bono
104
|cscnvo|vc| c++c|o+oc oc mon|to|+mcnto comun|c+io c vc||c+io uc cont||bu|
+|++conso||o+ioooss|stcm+sn+c|on+|s
|omcnt+|+o||t|c+cv|ncu|os|og|+m+t|cosuct|+tcmoos|csons+vc|sc|oocsm+t+-
mcntocoos||scosocv+z+mcntos+t|+vcsoc+bo|o+gcns|ntcg|+o+sout|+ns|c|cnc|+soc
n+nc|+mcntoucc|m|t+mconst|u||cst|+tcg|+s+m|+sccons|stcntcs
Cont||bu||+|+o|o|t+|cc|mcntoooss|stcm+socs+|v+gu+|o+s+ocu+oos+oso||c|tosoos
ovos|no|gcn+sccomun|o+ocs|oc+|s
105
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
PARTE V
Uma estratgia nacional de REDD para o Brasil:
modelos e estruturas institucionais
Cons|oc|+nooucomcc+n|smog|ob+|oc||||ocvc||m+|c|+comcns+ion+ncc||+++|scs
cmocscnvo|v|mcntouccons|g+m+t|+vcsocscuscs|o|os|m|cmcnt+|cst|utu|+sn+c|on+|soc
||V (|ono |uno+mcnto) c +ss|m scnoo oss+m com|ov+| |couocs oc cm|ssocs oc c+|bono
cmscustc|||to||oso||+s||scco|oc+comoo+|smc||o||c+|+oo+|++|ovc|t+|t+|mcc+n|s-
moôso+nunc|ooo||+no|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+co+|||C|++go|+umcno|mc
otcnc|+|+|+ucum++v+n+o+cst|+tcg|+oc||||no||+s||++|t||ocum+c|scct|v++m+-
zon|c+sc,+const|u|o+|st+cst|+tcg|+ocvc|+sc|c++zoc|ntcg|+|osv+||osscto|cso+soc|co+occ
govc|nosnumob,ct|vocomumoc|couioooocsm+t+mcnto(|cc|mo|uno+mcnto)|+|+uct+|
cst|+tcg|+sc,+cc+zo|cmsc|+c|uc|+|busc+|umconscnsoo||t|couc|ntcg|c+s+ocsn+c|on+|s
ucsc|c|c|cm|||Ccom+|couiooccm|ssocsocco||cntcsoc|+nosc|og|+m+scst+bc-
|cc|oosc|os|st+ooso+^m+zon|+(n|vc|subn+c|on+|)cc|os|o,ctos|oc+|s|c+||z+ooso|+to|cs
soc|+|so||ct+mcntc|csons+vc|sc|+consc|v+ioo+so|cst+s(|oouto|cs|u|+|sovos|no|gcn+s
cou|+ocst|+o|c|on+|s)(c|cc||o|uno+mcnto)
|+|+ uc + |ob+b|||o+oc oc succsso oc um+ cst|+tcg|+ n+c|on+| oc |||| sc,+ c|cv+o+ sc|+ t+m-
bcmncccss+||ot|+t+|comcxt|cm++tcnioosmc|osc|osu+|ssco+|++o|st||bu|iooosotcn-
c|+|sbcnc||c|osn+ncc||oso||unoosoc||||(u+|to|uno+mcnto)|iob+st+|+|omovc|um+
o|st||bu|io b+sc+o+ +cn+s n+ cont||bu|io uc scto|cs o+ soc|co+oc ou cst+oos |+zcm +|+ +
|couio oc cm|ssocs +m+zon|c+s c|+ |cc|so v+|o||z+| os cs|o|os oc consc|v+io oos cstoucs
o|cst+|smcsmo+uc|cs|oc+||z+ooscm+|c+s|cmot+scscm+mc++|mco|+t+ococsm+t+mcnto
C+socont|+||obcnc||c|osoc||||sc|ioocst|n+oosuc|csucocsm+t+|+mmu|tono+ss+oo
cucno|cscntccstio|couz|noosu+scm|ssocs|o|cxcm|oscum+comcns+ion+ncc||+
o||uno+oc|||||osscocst|n+o++oscst+ooscm|unioo+cont||bu|ioocc+o+um+|++|cou-
ioooocsm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+comoumtooooscst+ooscomt+x+s||sto||c+sc|cv+o+soc
ocsm+t+mcntosc||+mosg|+nocsbcncc|+oos|nt|c.ooec.o+om+|soc,o/o+|couioococs-
m+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+oco||cunocst+oooo|+toC|osso(|)^cstccst+oosc||+ocst|n+oo
ocu|v+|cntccmcomcns+ocsv|+|||||o|out|o|+ooo|cstcc||tc||ooco|st||bu|ioo^m+-
zon+sum|st+oouc+b||g++m+|o|+|tco+so|cst+so+|cg|iocuc||sto||c+mcntc+|cscnt+
106
b+|x+st+x+sococsm+t+mcntoc+||+commcnosoc+o/o+ssuost+scomcns+ocs|c|+|ouc
+cont||bu|iooc|+toC|osso+|++|couioooocsm+t+mcnton+uc|cc||ooo|o|mu|tobcm
v|no+o|sm+ntc|o|cst+scmcn+uc|c|st+oocmu|tom+|so|scno|osoooucno^m+zon+s
^|cmo|stocom+|+t|v+mcntc+|uc|+t|v|o+oco+|oouio+g|occu+||+cou+svczcsm+|o|cm
tc|||to||om+to-g|osscnsc(|cst+oct+|.oo,)ouccx||c+cmbo+mco|o++c|cv+o+t+x+||s-
to||c+ococsm+t+mcnto|ocnt+ntom+ntc|oscstoucsoco|cst+cm+|c+s|cmot+sct+mbcm
|uno+mcnt+|,+ucno|utu|ocst+sooc|iocst+|+mc++o+sococst|u|io
Obv|+mcntc+|ns|stcnc|+nummooc|ooco|st||bu|ioocbcnc||c|osoc||||b+sc+oonumc||tc||o
u|oc|ou+|somcntc+|couioocuxoo+scm|ssocsc|cv+o+cmcont+cncont|+||+(como,+
coc+so)|o|tc|cs|stcnc|+o||t|c+cnt|coscst+oos+m+zon|cos|+|+cv|t+|cstc|ob|cm+c+tcnoc|
+os|uno+mcntosb+s|cosocum|cg|mcoc||||n+scioscgu|ntcsio+|cscnt+oosoo|smooc-
|osoccst|utu|+iococ|+c|on+||z+iooct+||cg|mcO|oos|tooosmooc|os+|cscnt+oos+sc-
gu||cooccont||bu||com+const|uioocum+cst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|oc||||++|t||oocontcxto
+m+zon|com+snio|c|cscnt+um+|oost++c+b+o+^mboscstioocscn|+oos+|++comoo+|
t+ntoos|ccu|soso||unoosoc|unoosub||cos(oo+ocs)(+bc|+|)comot+mbcmooummc|c+oo
m+no+to||oouvo|unt+||o(c|co|tosocc+|bono)
Regime Nacional de REDD: Modelo I
|o|cstcmooc|o(|ooc|o|)const|u|oocomb+scn++|t|c|+io|o|tcooscst+ooso+^m+zon|+
|cg+|b|+s||c||+|ooc-sc+|m|cmcnt+iocmc+o+umoc|csocums|stcm+cst+ou+|oc||||
(oc|+ooo|um++gcnc|+cst+ou+|oc|cg|st|o-^||)C+o+^||cst+||+sob+|cgu|+iocomon|-
to|+mcntooogovc|no|coc|+|+t|+vcsocums|stcm+|coc|+|oc||||cst+bc|cc|oocmconco|-
onc|+comos|oos|toso+|||C|cst+|o|m+oscst+oos|cccbc||+mcomcns+ocsn+ncc||+s
o||uno+s o+ |couio oc cm|ssocs n+ ^m+zon|+ cons|oc|+noo-sc t|cs c||tc||os |uno+mcnt+|s (+) +
cont||bu|io+|++|couiooccm|ssocs(uxo)numo+ooc||ooo(.)ocstoucoco|cst+cx|s-
tcntccmscustc|||to||osc(,)oocscmcn|onocum||mcntoo+smct+scst+ou+|soc|couiooc
ocsm+t+mcnto |cv|+mcntc +ssum|o+s u+t|o ct++s ocvc||+m sc| c|co|||o+s +tc uc +s com-
cns+ocsv|+||||c|cg+sscm+os|og|+m+sc|o,ctoscst+ou+|sioc|+s
107
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Primeira etapa: Contabilizao da reduo de emisses do desmatamento
amaznico
O s|stcm+ |coc|+| oc |||| cont+b|||z+||+ +t|+vcs oo ||oocs;|nc +s |couocs oco|||o+s no ocs-
m+t+mcnto+m+zon|co(c|utu|+mcntccmout|osb|om+s)+|+umoctc|m|n+ooc||ooo^+|t||
ocst+smco|o+sovo|umcoccm|ssocscv|t+o+s
;i
sc||+obt|oosubt|+|noo-scoocsm+t+mcnto|c-
g|st|+ooc|o||oocsnumoctc|m|n+oo+noooocsm+t+mcntomco|o||sto||cocst+bc|cc|ooc|o
|unoo^m+zon|+como||n|+ocb+sc+|+umo+ooc||ooo(c|nco+nos)O||mc||oc||oooo|-
t+ntosccstcnoc||+oc.ooe+.o+ocut|||z+||+como||n|+ocb+sc+mco|+oct+x+ococsm+t+mcn-
tocnt|c+,,e-.oo,(+,e.,|m
.
)|+|+osc||ooossubscucntcsocc|nco+nos+||n|+ocb+scsc||+
|cv|st++|+b+|xocomooctc|m|n+ooc|+|o||t|c+|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+cscuocc|c-
to|cgu|+mcnt+oo|o||cnt+oosc|+mctooo|og|+oo|unoo^m+zon|+(||gu|+|)^ss|msco||+s||
cum||ssc|ntcg|+|mcntc+tc.o.o+ssu+smct+soc|couioococsm+t+mcnto+m+zon|co(+bc|+
e)ootcnc|+|occm|ssocs|couz|o+ssc||+o+o|ocmoc,;b|||ocsoctonc|+o+socCO
.
(+bc|++o)
Segunda etapa: Converso das emisses reduzidas do desmatamento em
certicados de REDD (C-REDDs)
|m+vczcon|cc|ooovo|umcoccm|ssocscv|t+o+s(noc+so+u|os,;b|||ocsoctonc|+o+socCO
.
+tc .o.o) um+ |oo|io (o|g+mos ,o/
;
) ooc||+ sc| o|son|b|||z+o+ +os cst+oos o+ ^m+zon|+
scgu|noo+|gunsc||tc||os(ct++scgu|ntc)+|+uccstcsuocsscmcm|t||cc|t|c+oosoccm|ssocs
|couz|o+s(C-||||s)
;|
Os,o/|cst+ntcso+cm|ssiocv|t+o+ooc||+sc|ocst|n+oo+|og|+m+soo
govc|no|coc|+|comoo|unoo^m+zon|+ou+|no+sc|v||+|++c+t+iooc|ccu|sosub||cosc
oo+ocsv|s+nooo|nvcst|mcntocmscto|cso|cst+|soucmcomun|o+ocst|+o|c|on+|sc|no|gcn+s
^|no+ogovc|nob|+s||c||oooc||++ssum||cst++|tccomoum+cont||bu|iovo|unt+||+oo+|s+
m|t|g+ioo+muo+n+c||m+t|c+^ss|mo|cstccxcm|o+mct+oco+scm|ssocscv|t+o+sniocs-
t+||+o|son|vc|+|+omc|c+ooocc+|bonooucomcns+to||o(osets)
cgu|nooo|+c|oc|n|oo+ct+++ntc||o|scos,o/o+scm|ssocscv|t+o+snoc||ooooc.ooe+
.o.o|osscm+|oc+ooscmC-||||s(.s,b|||ocsocC-||||)ccstcst|oc+ooso|c|co|tosocc+|-
12 ^cm|ssiocv|t+o+sc:|+c+|cu|+o+mu|t|,||c+noo-sc++:c+oco:cst+ucoc|xouocsc:ocsm+t+o+,c|+ocns|o+ococCcx|s-
tcntccmum|cct+:coco:cst+(1!..!1C;|+)
11 |st+ ,c:ccnt+gcm c +,cn+s ||ust:+t|v+ O govc:no |coc:+| c os govc:nos cst+ou+|s ,ooc:|+m c|cg+: + um+ ,:o,o:io ,c|+
+,||c+iooc+|gumc:|tc:|oouconsu|t+s+soc|co+oc
14 1C-||||=1tCO
.c
108
bono n+ |oo|io ++ o vo|umc otcnc|+| oc |ccu|sos n+ncc||os c|+ comc|c|+||z+io ocstcs
c|co|tos +t|ng|||+ +|go cnt|c ;-.+ b|||ocs oc oo|+|cs +tc .o.o
;
Cc|t+mcntc cstc sc||+ um v+|o|
mu|tosuc||o|++||cc+o+iootcnc|+|oo|unoo^m+zon|+v|s|umb|+o++tcomomcnto(cc|c+
oc|,+b|||io|omct|oos)
Terceira etapa: Distribuio dos C-REDDs
|m+vczoctc|m|n+oo+u+nt|o+ococcc|t|c+oosoc||||+sc|ocst|n+o++c+o+cst+oocstcs
sc||+m|nvcst|ooscm|o,ctosou|og|+m+scst+ou+|soc||||ô|st||bu|ioscgu|||+ost|csc||-
tc||os,+c|t+oosn+|nt|oouioocst+scio(+)+cont||bu|io+|++|couiooccm|ssocs(uxo)
(.)ocstoucoco|cst+cx|stcntcc(,)ocum||mcntoocmct+scst+ou+|soc|couioococsm+-
t+mcnto|stcu|t|moc||tc||osc+tcno|oogc|+||+umbonuscmC-||||sc|oocscmcn|ono
cum||mcnto o+ mct+ |cstc c+so um+ meta mnima oc |couio oc cm|ssocs sc||+ cst|u|+o+
+|+c+o+cst+oo++|t||o+cont||bu|io|oo|c|on+|uczcsscm+|+ocum||mcntoo+mct+
+|++^m+zon|+cst+bc|cc|o+n+|||C(so/oc|couio+b+|xoocum+||n|+ocb+sc||sto||c++tc
.o.o)Vo|t+noo+omont+ntcoccm|ssocscv|t+o+s(.s,b|||ocsocC-||||)+sc|cmconvc|t|oo
cmC-||||sc+soo||+s||cum||sscsu+mct+oc|couioococsm+t+mcnto+m+zon|coc|osscm
+||c+oosost|csc||tc||os,+mcnc|on+oos+o|st||bu|ioocstcscc|t|c+ooscnt|coscst+oossc||+
m+|scu|||b|+o+sccom+|+o+uc|+onocsomcntc+cont||bu|ioo+|couioooocsm+t+mcnto
|ossccons|oc|+o+^+bc|+++c+||gu|++o||ust|+mum+o|st||bu|io||otct|c+oos.s,b|||ocsoc
C-||||cnt|coscst+ooscons|oc|+noocomo|oo|ocs||otct|c+s,o/occso+|++|couio
occm|ssocs(uxo),o/+|+ocstoucoco|cst+ucocst+oom+ntcmco|m.o/ocbonus
+|++uc|csuccum||sscm|ntcg|+|mcntc+ssu+smct+soc|couioObv|+mcntccstcscsosn+
o|v|siooosC-||||soocmsc|+|tc|+ooscm|unioocum+ncgoc|+ioo||t|c+|st+cx|b|||o+oc
cc|t+mcntcooc|+to|n+|os|stcm+m+|s+cc|t+vc|c|oscst+oos+m+zon|cos
1s |+:+cstcc+|cu|o|o|ut|||z+ooov+|o:ocm|n|moocU:;;1onCO.cm+x|moocU:;1)
109
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
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110
Quarta etapa: registro e certicao dos programas e projetos de REDD.
|m+vczo|st||bu|oososC-||||s+oscst+oos(ct+++ntc||o|)cstcscst+||+m+tos++|oc+|oscc|t|-
c+ooscm|og|+m+sc|o,ctoscst+ou+|soc||||+oso|cg|st|oocstcsc|+^||oo|cscct|vo
cst+ooûc|cs|o,ctosou|og|+m+sucocmonst|+sscmcom+t|b|||o+occomos||nc||osc
+scst|+tcg|+socn|o+sno||+no|st+ou+|+|+oCont|o|coo|csm+t+mcntosc||+mcons|oc|+oos
||o||t+||os+|+|cg|st|oc+t||bu|iooosC-||||sOgovc|no|coc|+|o|su+vczc||+||++t|+vcsoo
s|stcm+|coc|+|oc||||um++gcnc|++bc|t++|t|c|+ioo+soc|co+occ|v||cooscst+oos+|+
ocn||os+|mct|osc||nc||osgc|+|s+|++|ntcg|+ioo+scst|+tcg|+ssubn+c|on+|s(cst+ou+|s)oc
||||com+|||C+|com|ssiot+mbcmocn|||+um+|csc|v+ocC-||||s+|++t|tu|ooc|csc|-
v+;scgu|o+|+comcns+|ososs|vc|sv+z+mcntosoucvcntu+|s+umcntooccm|ssocsno|utu|o
u+nto+o|cg|st|ooc|o,ctosc|og|+m+cstcsco+||+cmou+sct++s
+) Pr-registro|+|+obtc|o|c-|cg|st|oos|og|+m+sou|o,ctosocvcmsc|submct|oos
+os|stcm+cst+ou+|oc||||ou+gcnc|+cst+ou+|comctcntc|n|o|m+nooovo|umcoc
|couiooccm|ssocso|umc||oooocn|ooucsc|++|c+n+oo
Os|stcm+cntio+v+||+||+su+cons|stcnc|+mctooo|og|c+c+otcnc|+||o+ococ|couio
occm|ssocscom|omct|o+c+su++ocu+ioscst|+tcg|c+socn|o+sc|o||+no|st+-
ou+| oc Comb+tc +o |csm+t+mcnto |cst+ |o|m+ |o,ctos c |og|+m+s conco||c||+m
cnt|c s| ocnt|o oo mcsmo c||ooo oc com|om|sso |m+ vcz +|ov+oos c|+ +gcnc|+
cst+ou+|cstcs|o,ctosc|og|+m+scst+||+m|+b|||t+oosmco|+ntc+o|c-|cg|st|o+bus-
c+|cmos|nvcst|oo|cs
111
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
5,7 GtCO
2
(100%)
2,85 GtCO
2
(50%)
2,85 GtCO
2
(50%)
683 584 767 258 159 88 108 125 88
Iigura 10. Modelo de distribuio dos Certicados de REDD (C-REDDs) considerando o cumprimento
das metas de reduo de emisses por desmatamento (2.9 bilhes de toneladas de CO2) na
Amaznia brasileira no perodo de 2006-2020 estabelecidas na Plano Nacional sobre Mudana
do Clima (PNMC). Estados: PA Par; MT Mato Grosso; AM Amazonas; RO Rondnia; AC
Acre; MA Maranho; TO Tocantins; RR Roraima. A distribuio de C-REDDs (1.45 bilhes de
toneladas de CO2) entre os Estados seria estabelecida em funo da contribuio de cada um para
a reduo do desmatamento amaznico, do estoque de orestas presente em seus territrios e da
performace no cumprimento de suas metas estaduais de reduo de desmatamento. O restante
(50%) das emisses evitadas pelo PNMC seriam alocadas em projetos do governo brasileiro e na
manuteno e proteo de reas protegidas (TI Terra Indgena; UC Unidades de Conservao;
PP propriedades privadas; AST assentamentos orestais). Veja texto para mais detalhes.
b) Registro denitivo O|cg|st|oocn|t|vooco||c||+nomomcntocmuc|ossc|c+||z+o+
+comun|c+ioc+vc||c+iosob|c+|couio+|c+n+o+vcnc|oooc||ooooccom|o-
m|sso+ssum|oono|c-|cg|st|o|cstcmomcntocntiocucscconc|ct|z+||++cm|ssio
ooC-||||co||csonocntc|couioc|ct|v+mcntcvc||c+o+c|cg|st|+o+nos|stcm+oo
cst+oo(vc|gu|++b+|xocomoocsc||t|voo+sct++soo|occsso)scnoocstcscc|t|c+-
oos+ss|vc|socconvc|sio+c|co|tosocc+|bono
112
1abeIa 11 - Distribuio de C-REDDs (em milhes de toneladas de CO2) para os estados da Amaznia
considerando o critrio de contribuio de cada um na reduo de emisses (uxo) e a combinao deste com
outros dois critrios: estoque orestal e cumprimento da meta estadual de reduo de emisses. Os valores so
calculados para o perodo 2006-2020 (veja texto para mais detalhes).
Estado
Compensao por reduo
de uxo
Compensao por reduo
de uxo, estoque orestal e
cumprimento de meta
MtCO2 % MtCO2 %
^c|c ! 1 o
^m++ 0 0 cc !
^m+zon+s 10c 4 o .
|+|+n|io 1! cc !
|+toC|osso 11. 41 c4 .0
|+|+ c4 !1 oc! .4
|onoon|+ 4.1 1 .c
|o|+|m+ !0 1 1. 4
oc+nt|ns !1 1 10c 4
Total 2,85 100 2,85 100
^su+t|oct++s+c|m+cxocm|csum|o+mcntc+|oost+ocum+cto|coc|+t|voc++zoc+|t|-
cu|+||o,ctos|og|+m+sc|+nossubn+c|on+|soc||||cmto|noocum|cg|mcn+c|on+|+co|o+-
oocnt|cgovc|no|coc|+|cst+ooscsoc|co+occ|v||(||gu|++o)|omb|toocssc+ctoo|t+ntosc
ocn|||+(+)+cst|utu|+|nst|tuc|on+|(.)os|nst|umcntoscconom|cosoc+o|ocst|+tcg|+n+c|on+|
(,)osc||tc||os+|+uc+s+ocssubn+c|on+|ssc,+m|ccon|cc|o+scv+||o+o+snomb|too+|o||t|c+
|+c|on+|sob|c|uo+n+ooC||m+co|m(|)um|cg|mccu|t+t|vooc|c+|t|ioocbcnc||c|os
uccons|oc|c+cont+b|||o+ocn+c|on+| oc|couiooccm|ssocso|ocsm+t+mcntococg|+o+io
o|cst+|c+mct+n+c|on+|oc|couiooccm|ssocs|ssoc|m|t|||+uc+s+ocssubn+c|on+|s(|o-
g|+m+sc|o,ctos)t|vcsscmoocv|oo+ccsso+os|ccu|sosoc||||t+nto+uc|cso||unoosoc|un-
oosub||cosu+ntooosmc|c+oosocc+|bonocm|o|m+io
113
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Iigura 11. Fases do ciclo do Projeto/ Programa Modelo I (veja texto para mais detalhes)
Regime Nacional de REDD: Modelo II
|m+|tc|n+t|v++o|ooc|o|+|+um|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||cstcscgunooo||c|coo+ntc||o|nouc
sc|c|c|ccst|utu|+oc|c+|t|ioocbcnc||c|os|ovcn|cntcsoo|||||cstcc+soo|ococo+oon+
cont||bu|iooco||c|cntcsc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+scnioooscst+oos+m+zon|cos|couioo+scm|ssocs
o|ocsm+t+mcnto^ssumc-sco|t+ntouco||c|cntcsc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+scxc|+mocm+nc||+o|-
|c|cnc|+o+|nucnc|+sob|coocsm+t+mcntoc+consc|v+ioo|cst+|^sc+tcgo||+sc|c|t+s|o|+m+s
tc||+s|no|gcn+s(|s)+sun|o+ocsocconsc|v+ioc|csc|v+scxt|+t|v|st+s(|Cs)os+sscnt+mcntos|u-
|+|s
;o
(^|)cocmoooc+s+oo+stc||+sub||c+snioocst|n+o+sc|o||co+ocs||v+o+s(|;||)(+bc-
|++.)Oc+|+tc|comb|n+ooocst+u|t|m+c+tcgo||+scocvcc|cv+o+|ncc|tcz+|uno|+||+o+^m+zon|+
1 ^b:+ngctooosos+sscnt+mcntos:u:+|s|m,|cmcnt+oos,c|o|nc:+
114
oucnioc|m|tc+|no+ucsc|++um+sc+|+iogcog|+c+|cc|s+cnt|ctc||+sub||c+sc||v+o+s
ô|st||bu|iogcog|+c+o+su+t|oc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+soocsc|v|su+||z+o+n+||gu|++.cocstouc
occ+|bonoo|cst+|occ+o+um+oc|+scncont|+-scn++bc|++.^ss|m++|c+tot+|o+su+t|oc+tc-
go||+sco||csonoc+|c+tot+|oo||om+|o^cno|cc|cst+ocsc||tocmoct+||cs+b+scoco+oos
c++n+||scut|||z+o++|++ocn|ioocv+||os+|mct|os|c|c|cntcscont||bu|ioocc+o+c+tcgo||+
|uno|+||++|++|couiooocsm+t+mcntocconsc|v+ioo|cst+|
Comono||mc||omooc|oncstcscgunoo+|gum+sct++ssc||+mncccss+||+s+|+ucum|cg|mc
n+c|on+|oc||||uocsscsc|oc|+ooioc|+s
Primeira etapa (Modelo II): Contabilizao da reduo de emisses do
desmatamento
Comonomooc|o+ntc||o|ut|||zou-scoocsm+t+mcntooco|||oonoc||ooooc+,,e+.oo,(+,e.,
|m
.
)como||n|+oc|c|c|cnc|+||sto||c+(||n|+ocb+sc)ooocsm+t+mcnto+|++^m+zon|++|+oc-
||ooooc|couiooccm|ssocsoc.ooe+.o+ocgu|noo+mctooo|og|+oo|unoo^m+zon|++||c+o+
+o com|om|sso oo ||+s|| +ssum|oo n+ CO|-+, (||gu|+ |) cst+ ||n|+ oc b+sc sc||+ +,ust+o+ (mco|+s
oosu|t|mos+o+nos)+c+o+c||oooocc|nco+nos(.o++-.o+,c.o+e-.o.o)^ss|m+|+c+o+c||ooo
+||n|+ocb+scco||csonocntcsc||+cntioocs+g|cg+o+o|c+tcgo||+|uno|+||+^cont||bu|ioo|-
t+nto+|++|couioooocsm+t+mcnto+nu+|ocum+octc|m|n+o+c+tcgo||+|uno|+||+sc||+obt|o+
subt|+|noo-sc+t+x+ococsm+t+mcnto|no|c+o+c|o||oocs+|++uc|+c+tcgo||+ooscu|cscct|vo
ocsm+t+mcntos||sto||co^ss|moocsm+t+mcntocv|t+oo+|+c+o+c+tcgo||+|uno|+||+o|+nosc||+
c+|cu|+oosubt|+|nooov+|o|oc||n|+ocb+scc|oocsm+t+mcnto|c+|(+tc.oo,)ouc|+mct+cst+bc-
|cc|o+c|+|||C(|stoc++|t||oc.o+o)|cstcc+socons|oc|+nooocum||mcntoo+smct+scst+-
bc|cc|o+sno|||Cotot+|occm|ssocscv|t+o+s+tc.o.ocomoc+|cu|+oo+ntc||o|mcntc(|ooc|o|)
sc||+oc,;b|||ocsoctonc|+o+socCO
.
Segunda etapa (Modelo II): Determinao do estoque de carbono por

categoria fundiria
Comono|ooc|o|+o|st||bu|ioocbcnc||c|osoc||||cnt|c+sc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+socvccon-
s|oc|+| o cstouc oc c+|bono o|cst+| cont|oo cm c+o+ um oc|+s |cst+ |o|m+ o cstouc |cm+-
ncsccntcoco|cst+ocvc||+sc|c+|cu|+oo++|t||ooso+oosoo||oocs|+|+cncont|+|ocstouc
o|cst+|nosc||ooosoc|couioococsm+t+mcntosubscucntcscomocscc|c+oosc|+|||C
cstcv+|o|sc||+o|m|nu|ooooocsm+t+mcnto|c+|(+tc.oo,)cooocsm+t+mcnto|utu|o(++|t||oc
.o+o)cons|oc|+nooocum||mcntoo+mct+b|+s||c||+|cv|st+|||C+tc.o.o
115
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
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116
Iigura 12. Diviso fundiria na Amaznia legal (veja detalhes sobre metodologia, mapa ampliado e estoque de
carbono orestal para cada categoria fundiria no Apndice I.
Terceira etapa (Modelo II): Alocao de C-REDDs em fundos setoriais
estabelecidos em funo das categorias fundirias
Como,+|no|c+oosc+smct+soo|||C|osscmcum||o+s|ntcg|+|mcntcovo|umcoccm|ssocs
cv|t+o+s sc||+ oc ,; b|||ocs oc tonc|+o+s oc CO. |stc vo|umc oc cm|ssocs cv|t+o+s ooc||+ sc|
cntioo|st||bu|oocnt|cu+t|o|unoos+sc|cm|nst|tu|oosc|ogovc|no|coc|+|scnooc|cs|c|+c|o-
n+oos+c+o+um+o+sc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+s+ntc||o|mcntccst+bc|cc|o+s(||gu|++,)|st+o|st||bu|-
io sc||+ |c+||z+o+ cm |unio o+ cont||bu|io |oo|c|on+| oc c+o+ c+tcgo||+ +|+ + |couio oo
ocsm+t+mcntocconsc|v+iooocstoucoco|cst+,+ucsc|ossc|c|t++cn+scons|oc|+nooum
ocstcsc||tc||os(|couiouxoouocstouc)gc|+||+o|sc|cnc|+scomoocmonst|+oon++bc|++,
|m+o|st||bu|iom+|scu|||b|+o+cont||bu|||++|+umccn+||oonoctoo+s+sc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+s
o+^m+zon|+ooc||+m+|t|c|+|ocm+nc||+m+|s+t|v+ocums|stcm+n+c|on+|oc||||ôs+
o|st||bu|ioconc|u|o+ovo|umcoccm|ssocscv|t+o+s+|oc+o+s+|+c+o+|unooooc||+sc|con-
117
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
vc|t|oocmC-||||sco|st||bu|oo+|+|og|+m+sc|o,ctos|c|+c|on+oos++t|v|o+ocsoc|couio
ococsm+t+mcntocconsc|v+ioo|cst+|+g|u+ooso|c+tcgo||+|uno|+||+^ntcscstcs|o,ctos
c|og|+m+ssc||+msubmct|oos+o|occssooc|c-|cg|st|oc|cg|st|oocn|t|vocomocx||c|t+oo
no|ooc|o|^||gu|++,|csumc+oc|+c|on+||z+iooo|ooc|o||C+bc|css+|t+|ucos|unoos
sc||+mconst|tu|oosocnt|ooos|stcm+|coc|+|oc||||+t|+vcsocumcom|tcoucom|ssioconst|-
tu|o+o||c|cscnt+ntcso+soc|co+ocC+o+|unoocontuoosc||+gc||ooocm+nc||+o||c|cnc|+o+
cons|oc|+nooosscto|cso+soc|co+oc(cnt|o+ocs|c|cscnt+t|v+smov|mcntossoc|+|scm|cs+||os
ctc)cnvo|v|ooscom+uc|+c+tcgo||+|uno|+||+
1abeIa 11 - Distribuio de C-REDDs (em milhes de toneladas de CO2) entre as diferentes categorias
fundirias considerando o critrio de contribuio a reduo de emisses (uxo) e a combinao deste o
critrio de estoque orestal. Os valores so calculados para o perodo 2006-2020 (veja texto para mais detalhes).
Uso do solo
Compensao ape-
nas por reduo de
uxo
Compensao ape-
nas por conser-
vao de estoque
orestal
Compensao por
reduo de uxo e
conservao de es-
toque orestal
MtCO2 % MtCO2 % MtCO2 %
Terras Indgenas ! ! cc . 4!1 1
Unidades de Conservao 10 .c . 4! 1
Assentamentos Rurais oc .4 14 41 14
Terras Pblicas no
destinadas e Propriedades
Privadas
1o oc 1.1. 4. 11
Total 2877 100 2877 100 2877 100
118
Fundo
assentamentos
Fundo Terras
Indgenas
Fundo Unidades
de Conservao
Fundoterras
pblicas no
destinadas e
propriedades
particulares
Iigura 11. Fases do ciclo do Projeto/ Programa REDD Modelo II (veja texto para mais detalhes).
|mtc|cc||ocu|t|momooc|o+|tc|n+t|vo+|+um|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||ooc||+sc|oc||v+oo+
+|t||oosoo|smooc|osmcnc|on+oos+c|m+|cstcc+sooscgunoosc||+|nco|o|+ooc|o||mc||o
onocoscgunoosc|v|||+occ||tc||ooco|st||bu|iooc|ccu|sosc|+s^||socnt|oooscst+oosou
sc,++o|st||bu|ioocC-||||socnt|oooscst+oosscgu|||++|og|c+o+cont||bu|io+|++|couio
ooocsm+t+mcntocconsc|v+ioo|cst+|occ+o+c+tcgo||+|uno|+||+|ocnt|c+o+nocst+oo|stc
mooc|ocontuooniosc|++u|cx||c|t+oo
C+bc|css+|t+|ucosmooc|os+c|m+scgucmum++bo|o+gcm+n|n|+o+(ncstco+|o+c|cm
|ng|cs)ousc,+|c|c|cm-sc+um+cst|utu|+onoc|og|+m+sc|o,ctosoc||||siocomcns+oos
119
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
cnu+nto|omovcm|couocst+ntonon|vc|subn+c|on+|u+ntonon+c|on+|(|co|on|ct+|.oo;)
+bo|o+gcmcst+ucvcmscnoobcm+cc|t+nomb|to|ntc|n+c|on+|^|no+osoo|smooc|oscstio
+||cc|+oos c|os ob,ct|vos o+ |||C c conscucntcmcntc t|+b+||+m num ccn+||o oc cum||-
mcntooc+|tcouoctoo++mct+oc|couiooccm|ssocsococsm+t+mcntocst+bc|cc|o++|++
^m+zon|+(||gu|+|)||oos|t+|mcntcnio|o||c|t+um++n+||sc+|o|uno+o+oos|osccont|+soos
oo|smooc|os+|cscnt+oos+c|m+o|s+ss|msc|+oss|vc|um+||v|co|scussiosob|co+ssunto|o
cnt+ntoc+bc|css+|t+|uco|ooc|o|cncont|+|cs|stcnc|+cmv+||osscto|cso+soc|co+occsc-
c|+|mcntccnt|cosmov|mcntossoc|+|so|cons|oc|+|cmcxccss|vooooc|+sc|o+oo+oscst+oos
mcsmouc+soc|co+oc+|t|c|co+tom+o+ococc|siou+nto++|oc+iooosC-||||sO|ooc-
|o||o|out|o|+ooconccnt|+oooc|c|cgu|+ioco|st||bu|iooosC-||||snogovc|no|coc|+|
niocnvo|vcnooncccss+||+mcntcoscst+oos|cstcc+soo||scosc||+o|cu|o+ocso||t|c+scomos
cst+oos,+uc+|n|iovcm|m|cmcnt+nooum+o||t|c+ocsccnt|+||z+iooc+ocs|c|+c|on+o+s+o
mc|o-+mb|cntc+ss+noom+|sooc|ococc|sio+oscst+oosc+|no+cx|g|nooocstcs+c|+bo|+io
ocscus|o||os|+nosoc|couioococsm+t+mcnto|io|+||+o|t+ntoscnt|oocmnio+ss+|
+oscst+oosoooc|oc+|oc+|oscc|t|c+oosOscgunoo|ooc|oobv|+mcntcsc||+m+|s+|+t+vc|
+|++uc|csuc|+zcmcs|o|os+|+consc|v+|o|cst+s|noccnocntco+|oc+||z+ioocsu+s+|c-
+s^comb|n+iooosoo|smooc|ost+|vczsc,+um+s+|o+m+|sconc|||+oo|+m+sncn|umoc|cs||+
|unc|on+|scnio|ouvc|um+g+|+nt|+|cn+oc+|t|c|+ioo+soc|co+ocn+c|+bo|+ioc+||c+io
occ||tc||os+|++o|st||bu|ioocC-||||s|cstcscnt|ooo|unoo^m+zon|+tcmmu|to+cns|n+|
|m|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc|||||ns||+oonosmooc|os|c||ou+|gum+v+||+ntcoosmcsmosooc-
|+v|+b|||z+|niosomcntc+|m|cmcnt+ioocummcc+n|smon+ncc||o+|+v+|o||z+ioo+o-
|cst++m+zon|c+comot+mbcmcont||bu||+cmmu|tonocum||mcntooosob,ct|voso+|||C
|scc|+|mcntcnouct+ngc+o||+nocto||+||c|+t|vo+oocsm+t+mcntocc|+bo|+ooc|ogovc|no
|coc|+| como v|+ oc o||cnt+io +|+ + |m|cmcnt+io o+ |||C + |oos|io oc um |cg|mc oc
||||n+c|on+|+sc|n|c|+|c|+|cg|io+m+zon|c+ocvcsc|cons|oc|+o++|tc|uno+mcnt+|+|+uc
+smct+ssc,+m+t|ng|o+s
121
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Consideraes nais
Perspectivas futuras para o REDD no Brasil
|+|++v+||+|+s|tu+ioo+^m+zon|+|o,cooontoocv|st+o+sc|scct|v+soct|+ns|io+|+um
mooc|o sustcnt+vc| oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c ncccss+||o |ccon|ccc| um+ |c+||o+oc b+s|c+ uc ncm
scm|c c c|ccb|o+ n+ v|sio comum oo |ob|cm+ |nc|us|vc cm csc+|+ |ntc|n+c|on+| |+t+-sc oo
|+toocuc+|ut++|+s+|v+|+o|cst++m+zon|c+niosccncont|+nosscuscst+g|osn+|sm+ss|m
nosscuscst+g|os|n|c|+|s^|+sc+tu+|c+ocummomcnto||sto||conou+|+|no+coss|vc|t|+b+-
||+|c|+consc|v+ioocm+|socso/o+o|cst+o||g|n+|+omcsmotcmocmucscooco+|
uso+os;om|||ocsoc|cct+|cs(oosu+|s.om|||ocscstio+b+noon+oos),+ocsm+t+oosContuoo
o+v+noooocsm+t+mcntocomb|n+oo+mc++o+muo+n+ooc||m+co|oc+o+|ssobo||sco
occ|oc|cstctcsou|oocsccu|oscmumtcmo|c|+t|v+mcntccu|to
^const+t+ioocuc+ocst|u|ioo+o|cst+cst++|no+noscu|n|c|ocuc+|couio|cccntcn+
t+x+ococsm+t+mcnton+|cg|ioooccst+|+mc++o+c|os|nvcst|mcntoscm|n||+cst|utu|+c|+
ocm+no+muno|+|o|g|ioscc+|nccmuo+n+sn+|cg|s|+ioocvcsc|v||comoum+|c|t++|++
soc|co+ocb|+s||c||+cmummcc+n|smocconom|coucv+|o|c+o|cst+ccomcnscoscs|o|os
cm|o|ocsu+consc|v+iosc|+o|||c||m+ntc-|+cmc
Omcc+n|smom+|s+b|+ngcntcc|mco|+toucv+|o|c+o|cst+cuccont+comcng+,+mcntoo+
comun|o+ocn+c|on+|cg|ob+|cooc||||co||+s||scoc|+c|+nccocut|||z+-|otc|+uc+tcn-
oc|+u+t|oucstocscsscnc|+|s(+)uc+v|sioocuccst+c||scoos|stcm+c||m+t|cocum+c||sc
scm|cccocntcsuccom|omctc+oss|b|||o+ococv|o+n+c||+ct|+zconscucnc|+s|ncon-
to|n+vc|ssgc|+ocs|utu|+s(.)uccst+muo+n+noc||m+c+|+scm|c(,)uco|ccon|cc|-
mcntouc+|couioooocsm+t+mcnto+m+zon|conio|c|cscnt+um++mc+++oc|csc|mcnto
oo+|souumcustocconom|co|nocsc,+vc|m+ss|mum+g|+nocoo|tun|o+oc+|+m|t|g+|+s
cm|ssocsocC||m|t|g+iocst+ocb+|xocustocno|utu|ooccomc|cv+oo|cto|nocconom|co
(|)uc+consc|cnc|+ocuc|couz||ocsm+t+mcntocconsc|v+|o|cst+sooc|+|nvc|tc|+|og|c+
cconom|c+o+|cg|ioonococ|csc|mcntoo+cconom|+uc|o,cocm+no+ocsm+t+mcntooss+
sc|sustcnt+ooo|ums|stcm+oc+g+mcntoso|sc|v|os+mb|cnt+|suc+o|cst+s|cst+m
cv|t+noo|c,u|zosoctoo+o|ocmno|utu|o
122
c|+|mo|t+ntct+mbcmuco||+s||||oc|cnocontcxto|ntc|n+c|on+|+o|scussiosob|comcc+n|smo
oc||||+|+ucoss++|ovc|t+|+soo|tun|o+ocsucsc+b|cm+|cmocgc|+|umoucom+|soc
csc|+n+cmout|os+|scsu+nto+v|+b|||o+ococsu+|m|cmcnt+io|cm+nc||+gc|+|cx|stcum+
|ncc|tcz+o||t|c+cn+ncc||+subst+nc|+|cnvo|vcnoooocscnvo|v|mcntoocum++bo|o+gcmcoc|cntc
ccom|ccns|v++|+cn||cnt+|+muo+n+c||m+t|c+|+CO|+,nio|ouvcconscnso+|+um+co|oo
v|ncu|+ntccnt|c+sn+ocs^cs+|ocst+s|ncc|tcz+s+o|scussiooc|||||o|+ucm+|s+v+nouccon-
t|nu+|og|co|nooc+t|+|noo|nvcst|mcntos^|no+ocnt|ooos||^coocst+oo^mc||c+noo+C+|||o|-
n|+|+um+subst+nc|+|oos|iocobst+cu|os+|m|cmcnt+ioocums|stcm+|ntc|noocc+t|+oc
+|+|couioocC||ou+|ooc||+c||+|ummc|c+oosubst+nc|+|+|+c|co|tosocc+|bonoo||unoos
oc |||| no cnt+nto cst+ o|scussio c|o Cong|csso ^mc||c+no cst+ |ongc oc tc|m|n+| c c oss|vc|
uc||m|t+ocsoccm|ssocssc,+m+|ov+o+snos|ox|mosoo|s+noscuc|||||+++|tcoos|stcm+
|u|t+sn+ocscstioocmonst|+nooum+|ton|vc|occntus|+smoc|ntc|cssccm||||como|o|cxcm-
||c+ooc|+s|n|c|+t|v+socn+nc|+mcntococb+tcsmcnc|on+o+s+ntc||o|mcntc|m|csost++cstc
ccn+||oo||c|cntcs+|scs,+cstio|csonocnoo+cstc|occssocm|c|+io+o||||c|n|c|+noo|c|o|m+s
n+c|on+|s|omovcnooocng+,+mcntoo+soc|co+oc|omcnt+noo|o,cto||otoscc||+noos|stcm+soc
mon|to|+mcnto|nt|ccstcs+|scso||+s||com+|s|c+|+oocomoocmonst|+oon+sscocs+ntc||o-
|csocst+ob|+m+st+mbcmcoucmcnos+v+noucons|oc|+nooootcnc|+|uctcm+|+|sto|m
|cg|mcn+c|on+|oc||||no||+s||ocvcsc|+|+v+nc+ooo|um+b+sccst+ou+|ouocscto|cs|ocnt|c+-
ooso+soc|co+oc|++uscnc|+ocummc|c+ooocc+|bono|+st|c+ooo|com|om|ssosob||g+to||os
oc|couiooccm|ssocsobomusoc|+|oo(+tc.o+.)oos|b|||ocsocoo|+|cso|son|vc|snos|unoos
ub||cosooc|+gc|+|ummov|mcntoos|t|vocnt|cos|nvcst|oo|cs||v+oosucooc||+mc||+||unoos
(scto||+|s)cm+|cc||+com|unoosub||cosnummooc|ot|o|||(+|cc||+ub||co-||v+o+)
|+|++|ovc|t+|+oo|tun|o+ocococscnvo|v|mcntosobum+nov+o|ocmcconom|c+ocb+|x+cm|s-
sioocc+|bonocuct|+|+nummunoo+ucc|oov+nt+gcns|utu|+s|c|cv+ntcsos+|scscmocscn-
vo|v|mcnto octcnto|cs oc o|cst+s ocvcm cst+| |c+|+oos |nst|tuc|on+|mcntc +|+ const|u|| scus
|cg|mcsn+c|on+|soc||||ocum+|o|m+c|ct|v+ct|+ns+|cntc|cn+o++o|+nt+|+o||+s|||omcnt+|
oocscnvo|v|mcntooc|numc|os|o,ctos||||scmuccstcscstc,+m|cgu|+ooscsubmct|oos+um
|cg|mcn+c|on+|ucos|ccon|c+m+socm+nc||+o|ocn+o+O|+nc,+mcntoocum+cst|+tcg|+n+-
c|on+|ococscnvo|v|mcntouc+|ovc|tcos|ccu|sos|ovcn|cntcsoc||||ocvc|||m+|c|o|nvcst|-
mcntoniosomcntccm|og|+m+soc+g+mcntoso|sc|v|os+mb|cnt+|sm+st+mbcmcmout|+s
+|c+scomo+couc+iocc++c|t+iooosovosuc||sto||c+mcntc,+cont||bucm+|+ocomb+tc
+oocsm+t+mcntoc+smuo+n+sc||m+t|c+so|conscucnc|+|ccu|sosoc||||sc|iov|t+|st+m-
bcm+|+muo+|+|og|c+oc|oouion+s+|c+s,+ocsm+t+o+s|nvcst|noo-oscm+ss|stcnc|+tccn|c+
o||t|c+soc|com|n|mo|n||+cst|utu|+|oc+|c+ocsoc+o+t+io+smuo+n+sc||m+t|c+sôo|-
tun|o+occun|c+ct+|vcz+u|t|m+
123
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Referncias
^c|+:o.|.|v+.||.:t|b|g.||.|+y+ux.|.+||cgo.|.||c|+:os.1.+no|+||ng:c+u.||iooi.
|ctc:m|n+t|ono|oc|o:cst+t|on:+tcso|t|cwo:|os|um|ot:o,|c+||o:csts.:c|cncci,;.,,,+ooi
^no:c+c.|O.||oscn|c|o.|^:t+xo.^^Cost+.||:+n|.|||ongo.+no|^|:||v+-||+s
ioo|.:mo||ng:+|nc|ouosovc:t|c^m+zon:c|cncc,o,+,,;-+,|i
^|cnc+:.^.|c,st+o.|.|c:+t|.|.|out|n|o.|ioo||csm+t+mcnton+^m+zon|+|noo+|cmo+
cmc:gcnc|+c:on|c+||^|.8c|cm
^|cnc+:.^.|C|c,st+o.+no|oCVc:+||+ziooo.|o:cstunoc:sto:y:c|nt|c8:+z|||+n^m+zon
|n||:O+nonon-||:O:c+:s^:c+bu:nco+nocomm|ttcoc+:boncm|ss|ons.|+:t||ntc:+ct|ons.
+o(^:t|oo)
^|v+:+oo|X|.vc:tz-|+nounn||o:ioo;.v|y+:cwcscc|ng||||^n+n+|ys|so|t|c
|ntc:n+t|on+|ocb+tcon:couc|ngcm|ss|ons|:omoc|o:cst+t|on+noocg:+o+t|on|nocvc|o,|ng
count:|cs.|nst|tutouocvc|o,,cmcntou:+b|cctoc:c|+t|ons|ntc:n+t|on+|cs(|oo:|).^n+|yscsnoi
^|vcs|+,,,.^n+n+|ys|so|t|cgcog:+,||c+|,+ttc:nso|oc|o:cst+t|on|n8:+z|||+n^m+zon|+t|c+,,+-
+,,o,c:|oo|nCvoooc||o::o.(cos)|+ttc:ns+no,:occsscso||+nousc|n^m+zon|o:csts
+|ncsv|||c.||
^ngc|scn.^.:8:own.C|o|sc|.||cs|ctt.C:t:cc|.|z+:|nioo,.|couc|ng|m|ss|ons
|:om`|c|o:cst+t|on+no|o:cst|cg:+o+t|on(||||)^nO,t|ons^sscssmcnt|c,o:t!c
ovc:nmcnto||o:w+y8|c:|o|+n|nst|tutc
^|U^|||Ciooo.^nu+:|oo+|ccu+:|+8:+s||c|:+:io|+u|o|nst|tuto|||
8+noc|:+.|+,,,.|+:t|c|,+io.+:t|cu|+iooc+to:cssoc|+|scocscnvo|v|mcnto:cg|on+||||^.1cxto,+:+
||scussioo,o.8:+s|||+.|cvc:c|:o
8+::cto.|.|csu|t+.|.^:+u,o.|88:|to.8ioo,.O|st+ooo+^m+zon|+.n+,8c|cm|m+zono,
|tt,;;www|m+zono:gb:;novoioos;+:u|vosob;O|^_+,|||
8cc|c:.8|ioo,Um+v|siooc|utu:o,+:+oco:+ioo:cst+|o+^m+zon|+|nUm,:o,cto,+:++
^m+zon|+nosccu|oi+ocs+osccont:|bu|cs||:cs.1C(co)C||Ccnt:ooccstioc|stuoos
|st:+tcg|cos
8:+noo.|.||c,st+o.||+v|oson.:1:umbo:c.||+y.|C+m+:goioos.|:oug|tccctson||ttc:|+||.
wooo,:oouct|on.+nobc|owg:ounoc+:boncyc||ng|n+n^m+zon|o:csts:csu|tso|+t|:oug||+||
:couct|oncx,c:|mcnt||||1:+ns|oy:oc8(no,:c|o)
124
8:+noo||.:octz.^8+cc|n|c.||c,st+o.|:^8cc|8|CC|:|stm+nio+o:c+son+|+no
|ntc:+nnu+|v+:|+b|||tyo|c||m+tc+novcgct+t|on|no|ccs+c:osst|c^m+zon.|:occco|ngso|t|c
|+t|on+|^c+ocmyo|:c|cnccso|t|cUn|tco:t+tcso|^mc:|c+.www,n+so:g;|oo|u,;su,,|;
oo|+o+o;,;,n+so,os;|++o;;-;|C:u,,|cmcnt+|
8:|to.8ioo,|u|t+s|os-O,c:+ioCu:u,|:+no|+to:osso8o|ct|mO|st+ooo+^m+zon|+
||^zO||tt,;;www|m+zono:gb:;novoioos;+:u|vosob;+|i|,+oc+_+i,o|
C+,ob|+nco.|||.Vc:|ss|mo.^.|o:c|:+.^.:+wyc:.|.:+ntos.|c||nto.||ioo+8|oo|vc:s|o+ocn+
^m+zon|+b:+s||c|:++v+||+ioc+cs,:|o:|t+:|+s,+:++consc:v+io.usosustcnt+vc|c:c,+:t|io
ocbcnc||c|os:io|+u|o.|nst|tuto:oc|o-+mb|cnt+|.,|o,
C+,oo:|8|^mb:os|ioo,.:t+tc+not:cnoso|t|cc+:bonm+:|ctioo,vo:|o8+n||c,o:t|tt,;;
s|tc:csou:ccswo:|ob+n|o:g;|X1C^|8O||||^|C|;|csou:ccs;:t+tc_+no_1:cnos_o|_t|c_C+:bon_
|+:|ct_ioo,-|||^|b,o|
C+:v+||o..8+::os^C.|out|n|o|.|c,st+o|ioo+.:cns|t|vcocvc|o,mcntcou|o,:otcct^m+zon|+
|nstc+oo|ocst:oy|ng|t|+tu:c|o,.,+,+
C+:v+||o..||c,st+o.||cg:+t|.||C||+z.|:+nt||||.+no^C8+::osiooi|:ont|c:cx,+ns|on
|nt|c^m+zon.b+|+nc|ngocvc|o,mcnt+nosust+|n+b|||ty|nv|:onmcnt||,|-|,
C+tt+nco^(nio,ub||c+oo)^:toc|-||ow-w|t|1+:gcts|cc|+n|sm|o:||st:|but|ng|nccnt|vc
|+ymcntsto|coucc|m|ss|ons|:om|c|o:cst+t|on
Ccn+mo.|C.|+v+n.||.C+m,os.|1.8+::os.^C.C+:v+||o.|ioo,.C+scboo|o||||||:o,ccts
|n|+t|n^mc:|c+|+n+us.8:+z||
C||1|O|||:1Ô||:1U|O:|:1|^1||CO:(C||)ioo,.Um,:o,cto,+:++^m+zon|+no
sccu|oi+ocs+osccont:|bu|cs8:+s|||+.||
CO||1|||1||||||:1|||^|:O8|||U|^|^|OC|||îoos.||^|O|^C|O|^|:O8||
|U|^|^|OC|||^-|||C|czcmb:o
|tt,;;wwwmm+govb:;cst:utu:+s;+o,;_+:u|vos;+o,_i,o,iooso;,i||,o|
|c|:|cs.|:.|oug|ton.|^.|+nscn.|C.||c|o.C8.:|o|c.|.+no1owns|cno.|iooi.C+:bon
cm|ss|ons|:omt:o,|c+|oc|o:cst+t|on+no:cg:owt|b+scoons+tc|||tcobsc:v+t|ons|o:t|c+,sos
+no+,,os.||^:,,.+|i,o+|io+
|||+sc||o|+nioos.C||m+tcC|+ngcn+nc|ngg|ob+||o:cst|||+s||cv|cw|+:t|sc+n|onoon
125
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
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126
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127
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
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128
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129
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
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130
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Un|tco|+t|ons|:+mcwo:|Convcnt|ononC||m+tcC|+ngc(U||CCC)Co,cn|+guc^cco:oioo,
Co,cn|+guc.||n+m+:c+||s,on|vc|cm|tt,;;un|ccc|nt;:csou:cc;oocs;ioo,;co,+,;cng;|o;,o|
V+||c.|:1.:+m+o+.||ioo,8:+s||1|tu|+:|o+oc|no|gcn+sob:cC:co|tosocC+:bonogc:+oos,o:
^t|v|o+ocs||o:cst+|scm1c::+s|no|gcn+s|+:ccc:|u:|o|cosob:c+t|tu|+:|o+ococC:co|tosoc
C+:bonogc:+oos,o:+t|v|o+ocso:cst+|scm1c::+s|no|gcn+sno8:+s||8:+s|||+||||s,on|vc|cm
|tt,;;wwwsoc|o+mb|cnt+|o:g;b+nco_|m+gcns;,o|s;:coob:+s||n+|,o|
131
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Anexo
|+|+c|c|too++||c+iooo|ooc|o||oco|st||bu|ioocbcnc||c|osoc||||(+g+o;||gu|+++)
oc+|cu|oo+cont||bu|iooco||c|cntcsc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+|couioo+scm|ssocso|ocsm+t+-
mcnto cons|oc|ou +s scgu|ntcs c+tcgo||+s tc||+s |no|gcn+s (|) un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io oc uso
sustcnt+vc|c|otcio|ntcg|+|(|C)+sscnt+mcntos|u|+|s(^|)cocmooo+g|cg+oo+stc||+su-
b||c+snioocst|n+o+sc|o||co+ocs||v+o+s(|;||)Oc+|+tc|comb|n+ooocst+u|t|m+c+tcgo||+
scocvcc|cv+o+|ncc|tcz+|uno|+||+o+^m+zon|+|+|+c+o+um+oc|+s|o|c+|cu|+ooovo|umcoc
c+|bonoo|cst+|Osoct+||csoos|occo|mcntosut|||z+oossioocsc||tos+b+|xo
Descrio das categorias fundirias selecionadas
^s c+tcgo||+s |uno|+||+s +c|m+ |o|+m comost+s o| o||c|cntcs t|os oc +|c+s |otcg|o+s como
ocsc||t+s+scgu||Cons|oc|ou-sccomo+|c+s|otcg|o+s+s(+)un|o+ocsocconsc|v+io+s(.)tc||+s
|no|gcn+scos(,)u||ombos(cxc|u|noo-sc+s+|c+sm|||t+|csuccm+|gunscstuoossob|cotcm+
sio |nc|u|o+s n+ cont+b|||z+io oc ^|);; ^s un|o+ocs oc consc|v+io b|+s||c||+s sio +tu+|mcntc
o|v|o|o+scmoozcc+tcgo||+sno|stcm+|+c|on+|oc|n|o+ocsocConsc|v+io(||C)csio|n|-
c|+|mcntcsc+|+o+scmou+sg|+nocsc+tcgo||+sun|o+ocsocconsc|v+ioocusosustcnt+vc|coc
|otcio|ntcg|+||+||mc||+oob,ct|vocconc|||+|+consc|v+iocomousosustcnt+vc|oos|ccu|-
sosn+tu|+|scnu+nton+scguno+v|s++consc|v+ioo+o|vc|s|o+ocb|o|og|c+|cnt|oo+c+tcgo||+
oc|otcio|ntcg|+|cncont|+m-sc+s|csc|v+s||o|og|c+s(||||O)+s|st+ocs|co|og|c+s(||C)os
|+|ucs|+c|on+|s(|^||^)os|onumcntos|+tu|+|scos|c|ug|osocV|o+||vcst|c|o|su+vcz
nog|uooc|Cocusosustcnt+vc|cnu+o|+m-sc+s^|c+soc||otcio^mb|cnt+|(^|^);s^|c-
+s oc |c|cv+ntc |ntc|cssc |co|og|co (^|||) +s ||o|cst+s |+c|on+|s (||O|^) |csc|v+s |xt|+t|v|st+s
(|||X)|csc|v+soc|+un+|csc|v+soc|cscnvo|v|mcntoustcnt+vc|(||)c|csc|v+s|+|t|cu|+-
|csoo|+t||mon|o|+tu|+|(||||)|osoo|sc+sos+|cscnt+oos+ssoc|+m-scosocm+|s|ntc|csscsc
bcnc||c|oso+consc|v+ioo+n+tu|cz+t+|scomoos|occssoscco|og|coscossc|v|os+mb|cnt+|s
^stc||+s|no|gcn+so|su+vcztcmcmv|st++|otciosoc|+|ccu|tu|+|oosovos|no|gcn+sco|
cxc|cc|cmc|c|toos|t|von+consc|v+ioo+b|oo|vc|s|o+oc+m+zon|c+(|cst+oct+|.ooe)|o|+m
11 O,tou-sc,o:nioc|+ss|c+:+:c+sm|||t+:cscomo+:c+s,:otcg|o+s.,o|smcsmosob+,:otciocusoocm|||t+:csc.,o:t+nto
nioocsm+t+o+s.niosiocons|oc:+o+s|cg+|mcntc+:c+soc,:otcio+mb|cnt+|
18 O,tou-sc,o:niocons|oc:+:+s^|^v|stouccst+snio+,:cscnt+m:cst:|csococu,+ioc+govc:n+n+sob:c+smcsm+s
+|no+nio+t|ng|uomcsmon|vc|uc+obsc:v+o+n+sout:+sUC
132
+u|cons|oc|+o+scomo+|c+s|otcg|o+s(|+|ctt|.oo,)^tcon+|o+occ+o+ocso+s|Coc|o-
tcio|ntcg|+|const|tu||+m+m+|o|+|tco+s^|^+|t||oc+,seogovc|no|coc|+|conccnt|ouum
g|+noccs|o|o+|+muo+|t+|s|tu+ioc||+noocc|c+oc|om|||ocsoc|+oc|Cocusosustcnt+vc|
c+|omo|og+ioocu+sc+oom|||ocsoc|+oc|(o+|cs-||||oct+|.oo,)^tu+|mcntc|,/(+so
m|||ocsoc|+)oob|om++m+zon|cocst+|otcg|oosobo|vc|s+socs|gn+ocscob||noo,+/o+o-
|cst+|cm+ncsccntc|nt|ccss+s,|/sio|c||/|C|+u+nt|o+ococun|o+ocsocconsc|v+io
n+^m+zon|+.e/sio+o|+oosc|o|og|+m+^|c+s||otcg|o+so+^m+zon|+(o+|cs-||||oct+|
.oo,+bc|++ocstc+ncxo)
1abeIa 1 - Categorias, nmero e extenso das unidades de conservao, terras indgenas e reas militares no
bioma amaznico, suas propores em relao ao bioma at o nal de 2007.
Unidades No rea (km)
Proporo do
bioma (%)
Proporo de
UC apoiadas
pelo Programa
Arpa
rea militar o .o.! 0o -
Terra indgena .c. c.1 .!4 -
Proteo integral
Estadual 44 1!!c !! ..
Federal ! .!10. c0o
Uso sustentvel
Estadual . .011c 4c 1!.
Federal c0 .!!.! .o.
Total 521 1.817.352 43,0 -
Clculo do estoque de carbono por categoria fundiria.
|+|+oc+|cu|ooocstoucocc+|bono+|+c+o+um+o+sc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+ssc|cc|on+o+sut|||-
zou-scoso+ooscs+c|+||z+oos(m++s)ooc+|bonoo|cst+|o+^m+zon|+ub||c+ooso|++tc||
ct+|(.oo;)+|so+oos|o|+msob|costos+oso+oosoo||oocs;|nc
;p
ococsm+t+mcntoc+om++
o+s+|c+s|otcg|o+s|oouz|ooc|o|nst|tutooc|o+mb|cnt+|(|^.o+o)
so
obtcnoo-sc+ss|mocs-
toucocc+|bonoo|c+tcgo||+|uno|+||+^|no++|+c+o+cst+ooobtcvc-sc++|c+ocsm+t+o++tc
19 |n|o:m+cs:c|c:cntcs++:c+oco:cst+.+:c+ocnioo:cst+cocsm+t+o+,+:+c+o+umoos|st+oos+m+zon|cos.bcmcomo
,+:+too+s+s+:c+s,:otcg|o+so+^m+zon|+|cg+|
80 ^b+scoco+oosoc+:c+s,:otcg|o+s|o|+tu+||z+o+co|s,on|b|||z+o+cm|cvc:c|:ooc.010,c|o|nst|tuto:oc|o+mb|cnt+|(|:^)
,o:mc|oootc:moocccssiooco|:c|toocusoocm+tc:|+|c+:tog:+co.+ss|n+oocm.00cnt:c+uc|+|nst|tu|ioco||^|
133
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
.oosc+s+|c+scobc|t+so|o|cst+cocnioo|cst+(cc||+oo)no+nooc.oossob|conoo-scos
o||gonos oos |st+oos o+ ^m+zon|+ |cg+| (|b+m+ .o+o
s+
) com +s |m+gcns oc ocsm+t+mcnto oo
||oocs|ov+mcntco|sob|cos|iooco||gonoso+s+|c+s|otcg|o+scom+s|m+gcnsoo||oocs
|o|obt|o+++|c+ocsm+t+o+cmc+o+c+tcgo||+|uno|+||+cons|oc|+o+oo+s+s+n+||scs|o|+mocscn-
vo|v|o+sno|og|+m+^|cC|vc|sio,.
^+|t||o+b+scoco+oosoc++c||ct+|(.oo;)osv+|o|csn+|sooscstoucsocc+|bono+|+c+o+
c+tcgo||+|uno|+||+|o|+mobt|oos|nc|u|noo+s+|c+socsob|cos|iocnt|cc+tcgo||+scc||+nooum+
nov+c+tcgo||++|++s+|c+socsob|cos|iocnt|c+|c+s|otcg|o+s|otot+||o|+mcons|oc|+o+s
,so|c,+,|COs|csu|t+oosobt|oosoosc+|cu|osocsc||tos+c|m+cstiosum+||z+oosn+sn+||gu|+
++c+bc|++o(+g+o,)ccm+|tcn++bc|+||ocstc+cno|cc
^com||+ioooso+oos|no|couuc+comos|ioo+s+|c+s|otcg|o+sn+^m+zon|+cont+com
,so c||+s |no|gcn+s +, tc||+s u||ombo|+s +., |n|o+ocs oc Consc|v+io sob ,u||so|io |coc|+|
(|soc||otcio|ntcg|+|c;;oc|soustcnt+vc|)+||sob,u||so|io|st+ou+|(,,oc||otcio|n-
tcg|+|cs,oc|soustcnt+vc|)(+bc|+.ocstc+ncxo)|cnt|c+s|n|o+ocsoc|soustcnt+vc||+
;on+c+tcgo||+|||X^+|c+tot+|cobc|t+c|ocon,untoocst+s+|c+stot+||z++,,em|||ocsoc
|cct+|cs(cons|oc|+nooe;m|||ocsoc|cct+|csocsob|cos|iocnt|c+s^|)u+nto+os+sscnt+-
mcntos|o|+mcont+b|||z+oos.+,,|o,ctosscgunoob+scoo|nc|+(.o+o)c||+zcnooum++|c+oc
,,,m|||ocsoc|cct+|cs
81 |tt,;;s|scom|b+m+govb:;s|+,cs;
134
1abeIa 2 - Unidades de conservao detalhadas por jurisdio, uso, categoria e estoque de carbono orestal
(incluindo cerrado) na Amaznia Legal
Unidades de conservao
Jurisdio Federal
rea Total (ha) em
2008
Estoque de C Total Total de unidades
USO Categoria
||otcio|ntcg|+|
||C o.44c!. o41!o1 14
|^||^ .041.0 .0o4ccc .4
||||O !40!. 0!o401.
|||C - - 1
|sosustcnt+vc|
^||| .oc 4ococ !
||O|^ 1o!! .!!040. !.
|| o!!o 111!1o14 1
|||X 14! 14!0.c01c 41
Jurisdio estadual
rea Total (ha) em
2008
Estoque de C Total Total de unidades
USO Categoria
||otcio|ntcg|+|
||C 4oc!.! oo1c4co 10
|O|^ !.o4o 4c.. .
|| oc!.0 c!0o1oc !c
||||O 1.ccoc 14c.o4
|||C 111 10o0 .
|V 11c4.4 !14! .
|sosustcnt+vc|
^||| .o1c .co!.oc 1
|| 1!0o41 .0ooc!. 1
||O||X c4c 14o44o!1 .
|| 10!c. 1!ooc0 1c
||O|| cc0c.. 1..040.0 1c
|||X ..c0c 41o!04o44 .
'|iocontcm|+m+s!^|^cc|ncoc+tcgo||+sucniosccnu+o|+mno||Cm+suc|+zcm+|tco+b+scoco+oosoc+|c+s
|otcg|o+soo|^(.010)
135
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
^^m+zon|+|cg+|co||csonoctot+||o+ocooscst+oosoo^c|c^m+zon+s^m++|+toC|osso
|+|+|onoon|+oc+nt|nsc+|tcoo|st+oooo|+|+n|io^scgu||c|o|ncc|o+um+b|cvcocsc||-
io o+ +|c+ sob |otcio o|cst+| cm c+o+ cst+oo ocnt|o o+s c+tcgo||+s |uno|+||+s sc|cc|on+o+s
bcmcomoosscus|cscct|voscstoucsocc+|bonoo|cst+||stcso+ooscstiot+mbcmsum+||z+-
oosn+s+bc|+s,++o
Acre
O^c|cossu|um++|c+oc+,.m|||ocsoc|cct+|csonoc|;/sio+|c+s|otcg|o+s^s^|oo^c|c
|c|cscnt+m+|/o+s^|o+^m+zon|+|cg+|c+|/o++|c+tot+|o+^m+zon|+|cg+||otot+|oc+|c+
oco|cst+cm.oos,,/cstion+s+|c+s|otcg|o+s|o/n+s|o||co+ocs||v+o+sctc||+sub||c+s
scmocst|n+ioc;/nos+sscnt+mcntosOcst+oo+tc.oost|n|+um++|c+oco|cst+ocsm+t+o+
oc+sm|||ocsoc|cct+|csuc|c|cscnt+,/ooocsm+t+mcntotot+|o+^m+zon|+|cg+||ocsto-
uctot+|occ+|bonooocst+oo+e/cstion+s|c,,/n+s|COcst+oo+|cscnt+um+ocns|o+oc
mco|+occ+|bonooc++otonc|+o+so||cct+|c
Amap
|++|c+tot+|oc+|.m|||ocs|cct+|csucocst+ooossu|+tc.oos++m|||ocsoc|cct+|cscst+-
v+mcm+|c+oco|cst+c.em|||ocscm+|c+ocnio-o|cst+O|tcnt+coo|so|ccntoo++|c+oc
o|cst+sccncont|+cm+|c+s|otcg|o+sOcst+oooo^m+++|cscntou+tc.oosomcno|ocsm+-
t+mcntocm+|c+oco|cst+o+^m+zon|+|cg+||c|cscnt+nooo,/ooocsm+t+mcntotot+|Ocs-
toucocc+|bonotot+||c|cscnt+|/oocstouco+^m+zon|+|cg+|O|st+ootcmum+ocns|o+oc
mco|+oc+,;tonc|+o+socc+|bonoo||cct+|c
Amazonas
O^m+zon+scocst+ooocm+|o|+|c+|c|cscnt+noo,+/o+^m+zon|+|cg+||++|c+tot+|oco|cst+
cm|o+^m+zon|+|cg+||,/cstion+s|oo^m+zon+sOcst+oo|c|cscnt+|,/o++|c+oco|cst+
octoo+^m+zon|+|cg+||oocsm+t+mcntotot+|oocst+oo+tc.oos./+|cscnt+|+m-sccm|,/
cm|C|,/cm|C||o,,/cmu||ombo.o/cm+sscnt+mcntoscee/cm|o||co+ocs||v+-
o+sctc||+sub||c+sscmocst|n+ioOcstoucocc+|bonotot+|oocst+oo+ss+oc.,eb|||ocsoc
tonc|+o+sc+|cscnt+um+ocns|o+ocmco|+oc+e+tonc|+o+socc+|bonoo||cct+|c
136
Maranho
Ocst+oooo|+|+n|io+|cscnt+;,/ocsu++|c+tot+|ocnt|oo+^m+zon|+|cg+||++|c+ocnt|oo+
^m+zon|+|cg+|s/sio|,/|C|||o,/|C|o|/u||omboss/+sscnt+mcntosc;s/sio|o-
||co+ocs||v+o+sctc||+sub||c+sscmocst|n+ioOcst+oo+|cscnt+v+++,m|||ocsoc|cct+|csoc
nio-o|cst+c|m|||ocsoco|cst++tc.oosOocsm+t+mcntocm+|c+oco|cst++tc.oos|c|cscn-
tou+|/ooocsm+t+mcntotot+|o+^m+zon|+|cg+|Ocstoucocc+|bono|c|cscnt++cn+s+/oo
cstouco+^m+zon|+|cg+|c+|cscnt+um+ocns|o+ocmco|+ocestonc|+o+so||cct+|c
Mato Grosso
|++|c+oc,o.m|||ocsoc|cct+|csuco|+toC|ossoossu|+tc.oos+|ox|m+o+mcntc,s|m|-
||ocsc|+mnioo|cst+c,+.c|+mo|cst+Onzco|ccntoooocsm+t+mcntooocst+oo+tc.oos
oco||c|+mnos+sscnt+mcntoss;/n+s||c|c+cn+s./n+s+|c+s|otcg|o+s^s||C|c
|C||oo|+toC|osso|c|cscnt+m.;/+/c../|cscct|v+mcntcooocsm+t+mcntotot+|ocn-
t|oocss+sc+tcgo||+s|uno|+||+scmtoo+^m+zon|+|cg+|Ocstoucocc+|bono|c|cscnt+s/oo
cstouco+^m+zon|+|cg+|ctcmum+ocns|o+ocmco|+oc;stonc|+o+so||cct+|c
Par
^+|c+oo|+|+|c|cscnt+.,/o++|c+o+^m+zon|+|cg+||m.oose./o++|c+oco|cst+oocst+-
oocst+v+mcm^|O|+|++tc.oos,+|+v|+ocsm+t+oo.|m|||ocsoc|cct+|cs|c|cscnt+noo,|/
ooocsm+t+mcntoo+^m+zon|+|cg+|Ocstoucocc+|bonococ+|ox|m+o+mcntc+.eb|||ocs
octonc|+o+soucs|gn|c+.e/oocstouco+^m+zon|+ôcns|o+ocmco|+coc+,,tonc|+o+s
o||cct+|c
Rondnia
|m.ooso++|c+oc.,;m|||ocs|cct+|csoocst+oooc|onoon|++.;m|||ocsc|+mo|cst+c.,
m|||ocsnioo|cst+cs+m|||ocs,+|+v|+ms|ooocsm+t+oos|++|c+oco|cst+e./cst+v+mcm
+|c+s|otcg|o+s^+|c+ocsm+t+o+|c|cscnt+v+++/ooocsm+t+mcntoo+^m+zon|+|cg+|Ocsto-
ucocc+|bonooc|onoon|+|c|cscnt+|/oocstouco+^m+zon|+c+|cscnt+um+ocns|o+oc
mco|+oc+,otonc|+o+so||cct+|c
137
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Roraima
|o|+|m++|cscnt+um++|c+oc..,m|||ocsoc|cct+|csoucs|gn|c+|/o++|c+o+^m+zon|+
|cg+||m.oos++|c+s|otcg|o+s|c|cscnt+v+m,s/o++|c+oco|cst++s|o||co+ocs||v+o+sc
tc||+sub||c+sscmocst|n+io,e/cos+sscnt+mcntose/|o|+|m++|cscnt+e/o++|c+ocnio
o|cst+o+^m+zon|+|cg+||ovcnt+cu+t|oo|ccntoooocsm+t+mcntooocst+oooco||c|+m
|o|+o+s^|+tc.oosOcstoucocc+|bonooocst+oo|c|cscnt+,/oocstouco+^m+zon|+com
ocns|o+ocmco|+oc++,tonc|+o+so||cct+|c
Tocantins
O|st+oooooc+nt|nsossu|um++|c+oc.;em|||ocsoc|cct+|cs|m.oosocst+ooossu|+,so
m|||cct+|csoco|cst+c,+|+v|+ocsm+t+oo.,m|||ocsouc|c|cscntou|/ooocsm+t+mcnto
o+^m+zon|+|cg+|Ocst+ooossu|g|+noc+|c+ocnio-o|cst+uc|c|cscnt+.|/o+^m+zon|+
|cg+|Ocstoucocc+|bonooooc+nt|nscoc+|ox|m+o+mcntceoom|||ocsoctonc|+o+scom
um+ocns|o+ococmco|+oc|otonc|+o+so||cct+|c
138
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REDD no Brasil:
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Mapas de estoque e densidade de carbono por categoria fundiria.
|++soccstoucocc+|bono+|++s|c|C
si
|o|+m|oouz|oos+|+too+s+s+|c+s|otcg|o+so+
^m+zon|+|cg+|++|t||ooso+oossob|c+|c+o|cst+|cm+ncsccntccm.oos
Cons|oc|+noo uc o cstouc tot+| oc c+|bono c + som+ oo c+|bono |cscntc n+ b|om+ss+ v|v+
+c|m+ooso|om+|soc+|bono|cscntcn+b|om+ss+v|v+subtc||nc+oc+|bono+c|m+ooso|o|o|
c+|cu|+oocomb+scnom++oo++tc||.oo;cooosubso|oc|+|+ziooc.o/ooc+|bono+c|m+
ooso|o(|oug|tonct+|.oooc.oo+)coc;+/n+s+|c+soccc||+oo(C+st|oc|+um+nn+,,s)
|+|+ ocmonst|+| + v+||+io cs+c|+| oo c+|bono cx|stcntc cm c+o+ ^| c |c|oouz|| + c+|+ctc||st|c+
o+b|om+ss+oco||c|cntcstos|onom|+s+s^|(|Cc|)|o|+msob|cost+snom++ococns|o+oc
occ+|bonoc||+oo++|t||oom++ocb|om+ss+|oouz|ooo|++tc||ct+|(.oo;)||gu|+s|+V||
82 |io|o|c+|cu|+ooocstouco+c+tcgo:|+^|^-^:c+oc|:otcio^mb|cnt+|
147
REDD no Brasil:
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ISBN 978-85-60755-39-4
2012
REDD no Brasil:
um enfoque amaznico
Fundamentos, critrios e estruturas
institucionais para um regime nacional de
Reduo de Emisses por Desmatamento e
Degradao Florestal - REDD
3 Edio
Ministrio da
Cincia, Tecnologia
e Inovao
|

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Plano Estadual do Par (PA)

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Segunda etapa (Modelo II): Determinao do estoque de carbono por

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