Introduo

O clculo da rea sob uma curva qualquer, obtida experimentalmente,

pode requerer uma abordagens de:
1. clculo numrico, ou de
2. clculo analtico.
A medida de correntes inicas atravs de canais de membranas,
ou medidas calorimtricas, por exemplo, requerem um abordagem numrica para o clculo das reas sob as curvas.
Por outro lado, inmeras medidas, tais como a taxa de reaes simples, obedecem leis bem definidas e
permitem uma abordagem analtica para os mesmos clculos.
Nestas planilhas, voc encontrar uma abordagem numrica para o clculo da rea sob uma curva
em um intervalo definido.
Estas planilhas tambm so teis para ilustrar os resultados obtidos analiticamente
com as ferramenteas do clculo integral.
Estas planilhas foram preparadas para o curso de Biocincias - Modalidade Mdica
da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
Professor responsvel:
Gilberto Weissmller - Instituto de Biofsica Carlos Chagas Filho
Contribuio de
Marlos Monores - Bacharel em Biomedicina

Clculo da rea sobre uma curva: Exemplo da rea sob a parbola

1. Mtodo dos retngulos
Seja a parbola: y = L(x-xo)2+h
Podemos calcular a rea aproximando a parbola por uma outra curva formada por retngulos:
1. Inicialmente calculamos a distncia entre as razes: (raiz maior - raiz menor) = 8 (se L=-2, x o=0 e h=32)
2. Escolhemos o nmero de retngulos: N = 8, por exemplo, e ento a base de cada retngulo ter largura = 1.
3. A altura de cada retngulo pode ser o valor da parbola no centro de cada base.
Como a rea dos 8 retngulos so facilmente calculados (base x altura),
podemos calcular a rea aproximada da parbola.
Observe que ao aumentarmos o nmero de retngulos,
a rea obtida se aproximama do valor exato.
valor exato =
valor aproximado =

erro =

170.6666667
172

0.7752%

Escolha o nmero de retngulos

N=

-5

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
-3 8
8

Definindo a parbola:
L=
-2
xo =
0
h=
32
Raz 1 =
Raz 2 =
Largura da base =

rea sob a8parbola

34 8
29
24
19
14
9
4
-1

-1

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8 3
8

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8

8
10

-4
4
1

Concluses:
Para calcularmos a rea com exatido menor que 0,1% sero necessrias
dezenas de retngulos. Esta tarefa hoje facilmente realizada por softwares como planilhas de clculos
ou outros softwares matemticos, que permitam a automatizao dos clculos.
Na prtica, podemos escolher N = 100 ou N = 1000 e teremos o clculo da rea com boa exatido.

Cuidado com funes que apresentem singularidades. Por exemplo, a rea entre a funo f(x) = 1/x
infinita entre x= 0 e x = 1

Estes casos dificultam as aproximaes numricas,

mas aparecem raramente nas cincias naturais.
Se a singularidade estiver fora do intervalo de interesse, no haver problemas.
No exemplo acima (y = 1/x), se estivermos calculando a rea entre os pontos x=1 e x=10, o clculo ser exato.

-1.95
-1.9
-1.85
-1.8
-1.75
-1.7
-1.65
-1.6
-1.55
-1.5
-1.45
-1.4
-1.35
-1.3
-1.25
-1.2
-1.15
-1.1
-1.05
-1
-0.95
-0.9
-0.85
-0.8
-0.75
-0.7
-0.65
-0.6
-0.55
-0.5
-0.45
-0.4
-0.35
-0.3
-0.25
-0.2
-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
-2E-14
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4

0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.5
1.55
1.6
1.65
1.7
1.75
1.8
1.85
1.9
1.95
2
2.05
2.1
2.15
2.2
2.25
2.3
2.35
2.4
2.45
2.5
2.55
2.6
2.65
2.7
2.75
2.8
2.85
2.9
2.95
3
3.05
3.1
3.15
3.2
3.25

3.3
3.35
3.4
3.45
3.5
3.55
3.6
3.65
3.7
3.75
3.8
3.85
3.9
3.95
4
4.05
4.1
4.15
4.2
4.25
4.3
4.35
4.4
4.45
4.5
4.55
4.6
4.65
4.7
4.75
4.8
4.85
4.9
4.95
5

rea
x

L*(x-x0)^2 + h

Nmero de

de cada

-5
-4.95
-4.9
-4.85
-4.8
-4.75
-4.7
-4.65
-4.6
-4.55
-4.5

-18
-17.005
-16.02
-15.045
-14.08
-13.125
-12.18
-11.245
-10.32
-9.405
-8.5

retngulos
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5

xx
-4.00
-3.00
-3.00
-2.00
-2.00
-1.00
-1.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
1.00

-4.45
-4.4
-4.35

-7.605
-6.72
-5.845

6
6
7

2.00
2.00
3.00

27.50
19.50
19.50

-4.3
-4.25
-4.2
-4.15
-4.1
-4.05
-4
-3.95
-3.9
-3.85
-3.8
-3.75
-3.7
-3.65
-3.6
-3.55
-3.5
-3.45
-3.4
-3.35
-3.3
-3.25
-3.2
-3.15
-3.1
-3.05
-3
-2.95
-2.9

-4.98
-4.125
-3.28
-2.445
-1.62
-0.805
0
0.795
1.58
2.355
3.12
3.875
4.62
5.355
6.08
6.795
7.5
8.195
8.88
9.555
10.22
10.875
11.52
12.155
12.78
13.395
14
14.595
15.18

7
8
8
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
16
17
17
18
18
19
19
20
20
21
21

3.00
4.00
4.00
5.00
5.00
6.00
6.00
7.00
7.00
8.00
8.00
9.00
9.00
10.00
10.00
11.00
11.00
12.00
12.00
13.00
13.00
14.00
14.00
15.00
15.00
16.00
16.00
17.00
17.00

7.50
7.50

-2.85
-2.8
-2.75
-2.7
-2.65
-2.6
-2.55
-2.5
-2.45

15.755
16.32
16.875
17.42
17.955
18.48
18.995
19.5
19.995

22
22
23
23
24
24
25
25
26

18.00
18.00
19.00
19.00
20.00
20.00
21.00
21.00
22.00

yy
retngulo
7.50
7.50
7.5
19.50
19.50
19.5
27.50
27.50
27.5
31.50
31.50
31.5
31.50
31.50
31.5
27.50
27.5
19.5
7.5

-2.4
-2.35
-2.3
-2.25
-2.2
-2.15
-2.1
-2.05
-2
-1.95
-1.9
-1.85
-1.8
-1.75
-1.7
-1.65
-1.6
-1.55
-1.5
-1.45
-1.4
-1.35
-1.3
-1.25
-1.2
-1.15
-1.1
-1.05
-1
-0.95
-0.9
-0.85
-0.8
-0.75
-0.7
-0.65
-0.6
-0.55
-0.5
-0.45
-0.4
-0.35
-0.3
-0.25
-0.2
-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
-2E-14
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4

20.48
20.955
21.42
21.875
22.32
22.755
23.18
23.595
24
24.395
24.78
25.155
25.52
25.875
26.22
26.555
26.88
27.195
27.5
27.795
28.08
28.355
28.62
28.875
29.12
29.355
29.58
29.795
30
30.195
30.38
30.555
30.72
30.875
31.02
31.155
31.28
31.395
31.5
31.595
31.68
31.755
31.82
31.875
31.92
31.955
31.98
31.995
32
31.995
31.98
31.955
31.92
31.875
31.82
31.755
31.68

26
27
27
28
28
29
29
30
30
31
31
32
32
33
33
34
34
35
35
36
36
37
37
38
38
39
39
40
40
41
41
42
42
43
43
44
44
45
45
46
46
47
47
48
48
49
49
50
50

22.00
23.00
23.00
24.00
24.00
25.00
25.00
26.00
26.00
27.00
27.00
28.00
28.00
29.00
29.00
30.00
30.00
31.00
31.00
32.00
32.00
33.00
33.00
34.00
34.00
35.00
35.00
36.00
36.00
37.00
37.00
38.00
38.00
39.00
39.00
40.00
40.00
41.00
41.00
42.00
42.00
43.00
43.00
44.00
44.00
45.00
45.00
46.00
46.00

0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.5
1.55
1.6
1.65
1.7
1.75
1.8
1.85
1.9
1.95
2
2.05
2.1
2.15
2.2
2.25
2.3
2.35
2.4
2.45
2.5
2.55
2.6
2.65
2.7
2.75
2.8
2.85
2.9
2.95
3
3.05
3.1
3.15
3.2
3.25

31.595
31.5
31.395
31.28
31.155
31.02
30.875
30.72
30.555
30.38
30.195
30
29.795
29.58
29.355
29.12
28.875
28.62
28.355
28.08
27.795
27.5
27.195
26.88
26.555
26.22
25.875
25.52
25.155
24.78
24.395
24
23.595
23.18
22.755
22.32
21.875
21.42
20.955
20.48
19.995
19.5
18.995
18.48
17.955
17.42
16.875
16.32
15.755
15.18
14.595
14
13.395
12.78
12.155
11.52
10.875

3.3
10.22
3.35
9.555
3.4
8.88
3.45
8.195
3.5
7.5
3.55
6.795
3.6
6.08
3.65
5.355
3.7
4.62
3.75
3.875
3.8
3.12
3.85
2.355
3.9
1.58
3.95
0.795
4 4.83169E-13
4.05
-0.805
4.1
-1.62
4.15
-2.445
4.2
-3.28
4.25
-4.125
4.3
-4.98
4.35
-5.845
4.4
-6.72
4.45
-7.605
4.5
-8.5
4.55
-9.405
4.6
-10.32
4.65
-11.245
4.7
-12.18
4.75
-13.125
4.8
-14.08
4.85
-15.045
4.9
-16.02
4.95
-17.005
5
-18

Clculo da rea sobre uma curva: Exemplo da rea sob a parbola

2. Mtodo dos trapzios
Seja a parbola: y = L(x-xo)2+h
Tambm podemos calcular a rea aproximando a parbola por uma outra curva formada por trapzios:
1. Inicialmente calculamos a distncia entre as razes: (raiz maior - raiz menor) = 8 (se L=-2, x o=0 e h=32)
2. Escolhemos o nmero de trapzios: N = 8, por exemplo, e ento a base de cada trapzio ter largura = 1.
3. Cada trapzio tem duas alturas, que podem ser obtidas pelo valor da parbola entre as bases.
Como a rea dos 8 trapzios so facilmente calculados (base x altura mdia),
podemos calcular a rea aproximada da parbola.
Observe que ao aumentarmos o nmero de trapzios,
a rea obtida se aproximama do valor exato.

Escolha o nmero de trapzios

N=

8
valor exato =
valor aproximado =

170.66667
168

erro = 1.5625%

-5

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
-3 8

rea 8sob a parbola

8
8 34
8
8 29
8
8 24
8
8 19
8
14
8
8 9
8
8 4
8
8 -1
-18

Definindo a parbola:
L=
-2
xo =
0
h=
32
Raz 1 =
Raz 2 =
Largura da base =

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
18

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8 3

8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8

8
10

-4
4
1

Concluses:
Podemos utilizar diferentes mtodos de aproximao.
Todos os mtodos fornecero o mesmo resultado quando o nmero de elementos for grande.

-1.95
-1.9
-1.85
-1.8
-1.75
-1.7
-1.65
-1.6
-1.55
-1.5
-1.45
-1.4
-1.35
-1.3
-1.25
-1.2
-1.15
-1.1
-1.05
-1
-0.95
-0.9
-0.85
-0.8
-0.75
-0.7
-0.65
-0.6
-0.55
-0.5
-0.45
-0.4
-0.35
-0.3
-0.25
-0.2
-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
-2E-14
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4

0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.5
1.55
1.6
1.65
1.7
1.75
1.8
1.85
1.9
1.95
2
2.05
2.1
2.15
2.2
2.25
2.3
2.35
2.4
2.45
2.5
2.55
2.6
2.65
2.7
2.75
2.8
2.85
2.9
2.95
3
3.05
3.1
3.15
3.2
3.25

3.3
3.35
3.4
3.45
3.5
3.55
3.6
3.65
3.7
3.75
3.8
3.85
3.9
3.95
4
4.05
4.1
4.15
4.2
4.25
4.3
4.35
4.4
4.45
4.5
4.55
4.6
4.65
4.7
4.75
4.8
4.85
4.9
4.95
5

rea
x

L*(x-x0)^2 + h

Nmero de
trapzios

de cada

-5
-4.95
-4.9
-4.85
-4.8
-4.75
-4.7
-4.65
-4.6
-4.55

-18
-17.005
-16.02
-15.045
-14.08
-13.125
-12.18
-11.245
-10.32
-9.405

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

xx
-4.00
-3.00
-2.00
-1.00
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00

-4.5
-4.45
-4.4
-4.35
-4.3

-8.5
-7.605
-6.72
-5.845
-4.98

10
11
12
13
14

6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00

-4.25
-4.2
-4.15
-4.1
-4.05
-4
-3.95
-3.9
-3.85
-3.8
-3.75
-3.7
-3.65
-3.6
-3.55
-3.5
-3.45
-3.4
-3.35
-3.3
-3.25
-3.2
-3.15
-3.1
-3.05
-3
-2.95
-2.9
-2.85
-2.8
-2.75
-2.7
-2.65

-4.125
-3.28
-2.445
-1.62
-0.805
0
0.795
1.58
2.355
3.12
3.875
4.62
5.355
6.08
6.795
7.5
8.195
8.88
9.555
10.22
10.875
11.52
12.155
12.78
13.395
14
14.595
15.18
15.755
16.32
16.875
17.42
17.955

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

11.00
12.00
13.00
14.00
15.00
16.00
17.00
18.00
19.00
20.00
21.00
22.00
23.00
24.00
25.00
26.00
27.00
28.00
29.00
30.00
31.00
32.00
33.00
34.00
35.00
36.00
37.00
38.00
39.00
40.00
41.00
42.00
43.00

-2.6
-2.55
-2.5
-2.45

18.48
18.995
19.5
19.995

48
49
50
51

44.00
45.00
46.00
47.00

yy
trapzio
0.00
14.00
7
24.00
19
30.00
27
32.00
31
30.00
31
24.00
27
14.00
19
0.00
7

-2.4
-2.35
-2.3
-2.25
-2.2
-2.15
-2.1
-2.05
-2
-1.95
-1.9
-1.85
-1.8
-1.75
-1.7
-1.65
-1.6
-1.55
-1.5
-1.45
-1.4
-1.35
-1.3
-1.25
-1.2
-1.15
-1.1
-1.05
-1
-0.95
-0.9
-0.85
-0.8
-0.75
-0.7
-0.65
-0.6
-0.55
-0.5
-0.45
-0.4
-0.35
-0.3
-0.25
-0.2
-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
-2E-14
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4

20.48
20.955
21.42
21.875
22.32
22.755
23.18
23.595
24
24.395
24.78
25.155
25.52
25.875
26.22
26.555
26.88
27.195
27.5
27.795
28.08
28.355
28.62
28.875
29.12
29.355
29.58
29.795
30
30.195
30.38
30.555
30.72
30.875
31.02
31.155
31.28
31.395
31.5
31.595
31.68
31.755
31.82
31.875
31.92
31.955
31.98
31.995
32
31.995
31.98
31.955
31.92
31.875
31.82
31.755
31.68

52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108

48.00
49.00
50.00
51.00
52.00
53.00
54.00
55.00
56.00
57.00
58.00
59.00
60.00
61.00
62.00
63.00
64.00
65.00
66.00
67.00
68.00
69.00
70.00
71.00
72.00
73.00
74.00
75.00
76.00
77.00
78.00
79.00
80.00
81.00
82.00
83.00
84.00
85.00
86.00
87.00
88.00
89.00
90.00
91.00
92.00
93.00
94.00
95.00
96.00
97.00
98.00
99.00
100.00
101.00
102.00
103.00
104.00

0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.5
1.55
1.6
1.65
1.7
1.75
1.8
1.85
1.9
1.95
2
2.05
2.1
2.15
2.2
2.25
2.3
2.35
2.4
2.45
2.5
2.55
2.6
2.65
2.7
2.75
2.8
2.85
2.9
2.95
3
3.05
3.1
3.15
3.2
3.25

31.595
31.5
31.395
31.28
31.155
31.02
30.875
30.72
30.555
30.38
30.195
30
29.795
29.58
29.355
29.12
28.875
28.62
28.355
28.08
27.795
27.5
27.195
26.88
26.555
26.22
25.875
25.52
25.155
24.78
24.395
24
23.595
23.18
22.755
22.32
21.875
21.42
20.955
20.48
19.995
19.5
18.995
18.48
17.955
17.42
16.875
16.32
15.755
15.18
14.595
14
13.395
12.78
12.155
11.52
10.875

109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165

105.00
106.00
107.00
108.00
109.00
110.00
111.00
112.00
113.00
114.00
115.00
116.00
117.00
118.00
119.00
120.00
121.00
122.00
123.00
124.00
125.00
126.00
127.00
128.00
129.00
130.00
131.00
132.00
133.00
134.00
135.00
136.00
137.00
138.00
139.00
140.00
141.00
142.00
143.00
144.00
145.00
146.00
147.00
148.00
149.00
150.00
151.00
152.00
153.00
154.00
155.00
156.00
157.00
158.00
159.00
160.00
161.00

3.3
10.22
3.35
9.555
3.4
8.88
3.45
8.195
3.5
7.5
3.55
6.795
3.6
6.08
3.65
5.355
3.7
4.62
3.75
3.875
3.8
3.12
3.85
2.355
3.9
1.58
3.95
0.795
4 4.83169E-13
4.05
-0.805
4.1
-1.62
4.15
-2.445
4.2
-3.28
4.25
-4.125
4.3
-4.98
4.35
-5.845
4.4
-6.72
4.45
-7.605
4.5
-8.5
4.55
-9.405
4.6
-10.32
4.65
-11.245
4.7
-12.18
4.75
-13.125
4.8
-14.08
4.85
-15.045
4.9
-16.02
4.95
-17.005
5
-18

166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200

162.00
163.00
164.00
165.00
166.00
167.00
168.00
169.00
170.00
171.00
172.00
173.00
174.00
175.00
176.00
177.00
178.00
179.00
180.00
181.00
182.00
183.00
184.00
185.00
186.00
187.00
188.00
189.00
190.00
191.00
192.00
193.00
194.00
195.00
196.00

Clculo da rea sob a funo f(x) = cos(x) entre 0 e x.

Podemos calcular a rea sob o cos(x) entre o ponto x=0 e um ponto arbitrrio x.
Neste caso, a rea ser uma funo de x.
Tomaremos N = 1000, o que garantir uma boa exatido.

Calcule a rea de x = 0 at x = 23.18

82

82
82
1.5 82
82
1
82
0.5 82
82
0 82
82
-0.5
82
-1 82
82
-1.5 82
0.0
82
82

82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
11.3
82
82

82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
17.0 8222.6
82

f(x) = cos(x)

5.7

82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
28.382
82

A partir da funo f(x) = cos(x) podemos calcular

uma outra funo que corresponde rea sob a curva
de zero at x
x = 23.18
rea = -0.93
82
82
82
82
82rea a partir
82 de x=0
82
82
82
82
82
82
2
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
1
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
0
82 10
82
0
20 82
30 82
82
82
82
82
-1
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
-2
82
82
82
82

Voc reconhece esta curva?

Plote f(x) = cos(x) de

x=0 at 28.2743
x=

Resposta
9

1.300619
1.328894
1.357168
1.385442
1.413717
1.441991
1.470265
1.49854
1.526814
1.555088
1.583363
1.611637
1.639911

1.668186
1.69646
1.724734
1.753009
1.781283
1.809557
1.837832
1.866106
1.89438
1.922655
1.950929
1.979203
2.007478
2.035752
2.064026
2.092301
2.120575
2.148849
2.177124
2.205398
2.233672
2.261947
2.290221
2.318495
2.34677
2.375044
2.403318
2.431593
2.459867
2.488141
2.516416
2.54469
2.572964
2.601239
2.629513
2.657787
2.686062
2.714336
2.74261
2.770885
2.799159
2.827433
2.855708
2.883982
2.912256
2.940531
2.968805
2.997079
3.025354
3.053628
3.081902
3.110177
3.138451
3.166725
3.195
3.223274
3.251548
3.279823
3.308097
3.336371
3.364646
3.39292

3.421194
3.449469
3.477743
3.506017
3.534292
3.562566
3.59084
3.619115
3.647389
3.675663
3.703938
3.732212
3.760486
3.788761
3.817035
3.845309
3.873584
3.901858
3.930132
3.958407
3.986681
4.014955
4.04323
4.071504
4.099778
4.128053
4.156327
4.184601
4.212876
4.24115
4.269424
4.297699
4.325973
4.354247
4.382522
4.410796
4.43907
4.467345
4.495619
4.523893
4.552168
4.580442
4.608716
4.636991
4.665265
4.693539
4.721814
4.750088
4.778362
4.806637
4.834911
4.863185
4.89146
4.919734
4.948008
4.976283
5.004557
5.032831
5.061106
5.08938
5.117654
5.145929

5.174203
5.202477
5.230752
5.259026
5.2873
5.315575
5.343849
5.372123
5.400398
5.428672
5.456946
5.485221
5.513495
5.541769
5.570044
5.598318
5.626592
5.654867
5.683141
5.711415
5.73969
5.767964
5.796238
5.824513
5.852787
5.881061
5.909336
5.93761
5.965884
5.994159
6.022433
6.050707
6.078982
6.107256
6.13553
6.163805
6.192079
6.220353
6.248628
6.276902
6.305176
6.333451
6.361725
6.389999
6.418274
6.446548
6.474822
6.503097
6.531371
6.559645
6.58792
6.616194
6.644468
6.672743
6.701017
6.729291
6.757566
6.78584
6.814114
6.842389
6.870663
6.898937

6.927212
6.955486
6.98376
7.012035
7.040309
7.068583
7.096858
7.125132
7.153406
7.181681
7.209955
7.238229
7.266504
7.294778
7.323052
7.351327
7.379601
7.407875
7.43615
7.464424
7.492698
7.520973
7.549247
7.577521
7.605796
7.63407
7.662344
7.690619
7.718893
7.747167
7.775442
7.803716
7.83199
7.860265
7.888539
7.916813
7.945088
7.973362
8.001636
8.029911
8.058185
8.086459
8.114734
8.143008
8.171282
8.199557
8.227831
8.256105
8.28438
8.312654
8.340928
8.369203
8.397477
8.425751
8.454026
8.4823
8.510574
8.538849
8.567123
8.595398
8.623672
8.651946

8.680221
8.708495
8.736769
8.765044
8.793318
8.821592
8.849867
8.878141
8.906415
8.93469
8.962964
8.991238
9.019513
9.047787
9.076061
9.104336
9.13261
9.160884
9.189159
9.217433
9.245707
9.273982
9.302256
9.33053
9.358805
9.387079
9.415353
9.443628
9.471902
9.500176
9.528451
9.556725
9.584999
9.613274
9.641548
9.669822
9.698097
9.726371
9.754645
9.78292
9.811194
9.839468
9.867743
9.896017
9.924291
9.952566
9.98084
10.00911
10.03739
10.06566
10.09394
10.12221
10.15049
10.17876
10.20703
10.23531
10.26358
10.29186
10.32013
10.34841
10.37668
10.40495

10.43323
10.4615
10.48978
10.51805
10.54633
10.5746
10.60288
10.63115
10.65942
10.6877
10.71597
10.74425
10.77252
10.8008
10.82907
10.85734
10.88562
10.91389
10.94217
10.97044
10.99872
11.02699
11.05526
11.08354
11.11181
11.14009
11.16836
11.19664
11.22491
11.25318
11.28146
11.30973
11.33801
11.36628
11.39456
11.42283
11.45111
11.47938
11.50765
11.53593
11.5642
11.59248
11.62075
11.64903
11.6773
11.70557
11.73385
11.76212
11.7904
11.81867
11.84695
11.87522
11.90349
11.93177
11.96004
11.98832
12.01659
12.04487
12.07314
12.10141
12.12969
12.15796

12.18624
12.21451
12.24279
12.27106
12.29934
12.32761
12.35588
12.38416
12.41243
12.44071
12.46898
12.49726
12.52553
12.5538
12.58208
12.61035
12.63863
12.6669
12.69518
12.72345
12.75172
12.78
12.80827
12.83655
12.86482
12.8931
12.92137
12.94964
12.97792
13.00619
13.03447
13.06274
13.09102
13.11929
13.14757
13.17584
13.20411
13.23239
13.26066
13.28894
13.31721
13.34549
13.37376
13.40203
13.43031
13.45858
13.48686
13.51513
13.54341
13.57168
13.59995
13.62823
13.6565
13.68478
13.71305
13.74133
13.7696
13.79787
13.82615
13.85442
13.8827
13.91097

13.93925
13.96752
13.9958
14.02407
14.05234
14.08062
14.10889
14.13717
14.16544
14.19372
14.22199
14.25026
14.27854
14.30681
14.33509
14.36336
14.39164
14.41991
14.44818
14.47646
14.50473
14.53301
14.56128
14.58956
14.61783
14.6461
14.67438
14.70265
14.73093
14.7592
14.78748
14.81575
14.84403
14.8723
14.90057
14.92885
14.95712
14.9854
15.01367
15.04195
15.07022
15.09849
15.12677
15.15504
15.18332
15.21159
15.23987
15.26814
15.29641
15.32469
15.35296
15.38124
15.40951
15.43779
15.46606
15.49433
15.52261
15.55088
15.57916
15.60743
15.63571
15.66398

15.69226
15.72053
15.7488
15.77708
15.80535
15.83363
15.8619
15.89018
15.91845
15.94672
15.975
16.00327
16.03155
16.05982
16.0881
16.11637
16.14464
16.17292
16.20119
16.22947
16.25774
16.28602
16.31429
16.34256
16.37084
16.39911
16.42739
16.45566
16.48394
16.51221
16.54049
16.56876
16.59703
16.62531
16.65358
16.68186
16.71013
16.73841
16.76668
16.79495
16.82323
16.8515
16.87978
16.90805
16.93633
16.9646
16.99287
17.02115
17.04942
17.0777
17.10597
17.13425
17.16252
17.1908
17.21907
17.24734
17.27562
17.30389
17.33217
17.36044
17.38872
17.41699

17.44526
17.47354
17.50181
17.53009
17.55836
17.58664
17.61491
17.64318
17.67146
17.69973
17.72801
17.75628
17.78456
17.81283
17.8411
17.86938
17.89765
17.92593
17.9542
17.98248
18.01075
18.03903
18.0673
18.09557
18.12385
18.15212
18.1804
18.20867
18.23695
18.26522
18.29349
18.32177
18.35004
18.37832
18.40659
18.43487
18.46314
18.49141
18.51969
18.54796
18.57624
18.60451
18.63279
18.66106
18.68933
18.71761
18.74588
18.77416
18.80243
18.83071
18.85898
18.88726
18.91553

0.043970252
0.109891458
0.203993502

0.32620116
0.476416741
0.654520165
0.860369059
1.093798871
1.354622999
1.642632947
1.957598482
2.299267826
2.667367854
3.061604312
3.481662054
3.927205292
4.397877866
4.893303526
5.413086238
5.956810495
6.524041653
7.114326274
7.727192496
8.362150401
9.018692414
9.696293707
10.39441261
11.11249107
11.84995505
12.60621505
13.38066651
14.17269035
14.98165345
15.80690913
16.64779769
17.50364693
18.37377271
19.25747947
20.15406077
21.06279991
21.98297045
22.91383682
23.85465491
24.80467263
25.76313056
26.72926253
27.70229621
28.68145378
29.66595253
30.65500544
31.6478219
32.64360826
33.6415685
34.64090486
35.64081851
36.64051011
37.63918053
38.63603144
39.63026599
40.6210894
41.60770961
42.58933794
43.56518968
44.53448476
45.49644834

46.45031144
47.39531156
48.33069327
49.25570885
50.16961885
51.07169271
51.96120932
52.83745762
53.69973715
54.54735861
55.37964443
56.1959293
56.99556068
57.77789937
58.54231997
59.28821142
60.01497746
60.72203714
61.40882523
62.07479272
62.71940727
63.34215356
63.94253378
64.52006801
65.07429456
65.6047704

22.11053
22.1388
22.16708
22.19535
22.22363
22.2519
22.28018
22.30845
22.33672
22.365
22.39327
22.42155
22.44982
22.4781
22.50637
22.53464
22.56292
22.59119
22.61947
22.64774
22.67602

22.70429
22.73256
22.76084
22.78911
22.81739
22.84566
22.87394
22.90221
22.93048
22.95876
22.98703
23.01531
23.04358
23.07186
23.10013
23.12841
23.15668
23.18495
23.21323
23.2415
23.26978
23.29805
23.32633
23.3546
23.38287
23.41115
23.43942
23.4677
23.49597
23.52425
23.55252
23.58079
23.60907
23.63734
23.66562
23.69389
23.72217
23.75044
23.77871
23.80699
23.83526
23.86354
23.89181
23.92009
23.94836
23.97664
24.00491
24.03318
24.06146
24.08973
24.11801
24.14628
24.17456
24.20283
24.2311
24.25938
24.28765
24.31593
24.3442
24.37248
24.40075
24.42902

24.4573
24.48557
24.51385
24.54212
24.5704
24.59867
24.62694
24.65522
24.68349
24.71177
24.74004
24.76832
24.79659
24.82487
24.85314
24.88141
24.90969
24.93796
24.96624
24.99451
25.02279
25.05106
25.07933
25.10761
25.13588
25.16416
25.19243
25.22071
25.24898
25.27725
25.30553
25.3338
25.36208
25.39035
25.41863
25.4469
25.47517
25.50345
25.53172
25.56
25.58827
25.61655
25.64482
25.6731
25.70137
25.72964
25.75792
25.78619
25.81447
25.84274
25.87102
25.89929
25.92756
25.95584
25.98411
26.01239
26.04066
26.06894
26.09721
26.12548
26.15376
26.18203

26.21031
26.23858
26.26686
26.29513
26.3234
26.35168
26.37995
26.40823
26.4365
26.46478
26.49305
26.52133
26.5496
26.57787
26.60615
26.63442
26.6627
26.69097
26.71925
26.74752
26.77579
26.80407
26.83234
26.86062
26.88889
26.91717
26.94544
26.97371
27.00199
27.03026
27.05854
27.08681
27.11509
27.14336
27.17163
27.19991
27.22818
27.25646
27.28473
27.31301
27.34128
27.36956
27.39783
27.4261
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27.48265
27.51093
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27.56748
27.59575
27.62402
27.6523
27.68057
27.70885
27.73712
27.7654
27.79367
27.82194
27.85022
27.87849
27.90677
27.93504

27.96332
27.99159
28.01986
28.04814
28.07641
28.10469
28.13296
28.16124
28.18951
28.21779
28.24606
28.27433

cos(x)

0
0.028274
0.056549
0.084823
0.113097
0.141372
0.169646
0.19792
0.226195
0.254469
0.282743
0.311018
0.339292
0.367566
0.395841
0.424115
0.452389
0.480664
0.508938
0.537212
0.565487
0.593761
0.622035
0.65031
0.678584
0.706858

0
0.02827433
0.05654867
0.084823
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0.14137167
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0.19792034
0.22619467
0.254469
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0.42411501
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0.50893801
0.53721234
0.56548668
0.59376101
0.62203535
0.65030968
0.67858401
0.70685835

1
0.9996
0.998402
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0.993611
0.990024
0.985645
0.980478
0.974527
0.967797
0.960294
0.952023
0.942991
0.933205
0.922673
0.911403
0.899405
0.886688
0.873262
0.859139
0.844328
0.828842
0.812694
0.795896
0.778462
0.760406

cos(x)

rea cumulativaEixo auxiliar

1
0
0
0.99960031 0.02826868
0.001
0.99840155 0.05651477
0.002
0.99640469 0.08471568
0.003
0.99361131 0.11284887
0.004
0.99002366 0.14089184
0.005
0.9856446
0.1688222
0.006
0.98047762 0.19661759
0.007
0.97452687 0.22425582
0.008
0.9677971 0.25171478
0.009
0.96029369 0.27897252
0.01
0.95202263 0.30600725
0.011
0.94299054 0.33279737
0.012
0.93320463 0.35932146
0.013
0.92267274
0.3855583
0.014
0.91140328 0.41148694
0.015
0.89940525 0.43708665
0.016
0.88668826 0.46233695
0.017
0.87326245 0.48721766
0.018
0.85913858 0.51170891
0.019
0.84432793
0.5357911
0.02
0.82884233 0.55944498
0.021
0.81269416 0.58265166
0.022
0.79589635 0.60539257
0.023
0.7784623 0.62764954
0.024
0.76040597 0.64940478
0.025

0.735133
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0.791681
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0.84823
0.876504
0.904779
0.933053
0.961327
0.989602
1.017876
1.04615
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1.357168
1.385442
1.413717
1.441991
1.470265
1.49854
1.526814
1.555088
1.583363
1.611637
1.639911

0.73513268
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0.93305302
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1.01787602
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1.63991137

0.741742 0.74174177
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0.320944 0.32094361
0.29404 0.29404033
0.266902 0.26690199
0.23955
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0.212007 0.21200711
0.184294 0.18429445
0.156434 0.15643447
0.128449 0.12844943
0.100362 0.10036171
0.072194 0.07219377
0.043968 0.04396812
0.015707 0.01570732
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-0.06906 -0.06906003

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0.99754604

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0.056
0.057
0.058

1.668186
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3.39292

1.6681857
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0.12

3.421194
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5.004557
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3.4211944
3.44946873
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0.78233869
0.7644206
0.74589145
0.72676604
0.70705967
0.68678809
0.6659675
0.64461454
0.62274629
0.60038022
0.57753423
0.55422655
0.53047584
0.50630107
0.48172158
0.456757
0.4314273
0.40575272
0.37975379
0.3534513
0.32686625
0.30001992
0.27293375
0.24562941
0.21812871
0.19045364
0.16262633
0.13466902
0.10660405
0.07845387
0.05024097
0.02198791
-0.00628273
-0.03454834
-0.06278634
-0.09097414
-0.11908923
-0.14710911
-0.1750114
-0.20277379
-0.23037408
-0.25779021
-0.28500027
-0.31198251
-0.33871535
-0.36517743
-0.39134759
-0.41720492
-0.44272873
-0.46789864
-0.49269452
-0.51709654
-0.5410852
-0.56464133
-0.58774609
-0.61038102
-0.63252802

0.741
0.742
0.743
0.744
0.745
0.746
0.747
0.748
0.749
0.75
0.751
0.752
0.753
0.754
0.755
0.756
0.757
0.758
0.759
0.76
0.761
0.762
0.763
0.764
0.765
0.766
0.767
0.768
0.769
0.77
0.771
0.772
0.773
0.774
0.775
0.776
0.777
0.778
0.779
0.78
0.781
0.782
0.783
0.784
0.785
0.786
0.787
0.788
0.789
0.79
0.791
0.792
0.793
0.794
0.795
0.796
0.797
0.798
0.799
0.8
0.801
0.802

22.70429
22.73256
22.76084
22.78911
22.81739
22.84566
22.87394
22.90221
22.93048
22.95876
22.98703
23.01531
23.04358
23.07186
23.10013
23.12841
23.15668
23.18495
23.21323
23.2415
23.26978
23.29805
23.32633
23.3546
23.38287
23.41115
23.43942
23.4677
23.49597
23.52425
23.55252
23.58079
23.60907
23.63734
23.66562
23.69389
23.72217
23.75044
23.77871
23.80699
23.83526
23.86354
23.89181
23.92009
23.94836
23.97664
24.00491
24.03318
24.06146
24.08973
24.11801
24.14628
24.17456
24.20283
24.2311
24.25938
24.28765
24.31593
24.3442
24.37248
24.40075
24.42902

22.7042901
22.7325644
22.7608388
22.7891131
22.8173874
22.8456618
22.8739361
22.9022104
22.9304848
22.9587591
22.9870334
23.0153078
23.0435821
23.0718564
23.1001308
23.1284051
23.1566794
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

-0.75631
-0.73751
-0.71813
-0.69817
-0.67765
-0.65659
-0.635
-0.61291
-0.59032
-0.56727
-0.54376
-0.51982
-0.49546
-0.4707
-0.44557
-0.42009
-0.39426
-0.36812
-0.34169
-0.31499
-0.28803
-0.26084
-0.23345
-0.20586
-0.17812
-0.15023
-0.12222
-0.09411
-0.06593
-0.03769
-0.00942
0.018848
0.047106
0.075327
0.103487
0.131564
0.159537
0.187381
0.215076
0.242599
0.269928
0.297042
0.323917
0.350534
0.376871
0.402906
0.42862
0.45399
0.478998
0.503623
0.527846
0.551646
0.575005
0.597905
0.620327
0.642253
0.663665
0.684547
0.704882
0.724653
0.743845
0.762443

-0.75631038
-0.73751312
-0.7181263
-0.69816542
-0.67764644
-0.65658576
-0.63500021
-0.61290705
-0.59032395
-0.56726895
-0.54376048
-0.51981734
-0.49545867
-0.47070393
-0.44557292
-0.42008573
-0.39426272

-0.65416938
-0.67528782
-0.69586643
-0.71588879
-0.73533887
-0.75420113
-0.7724605
-0.79010237
-0.80711265
-0.82347773
-0.83918454
-0.85422052
-0.86857365
-0.88223245
-0.89518601
-0.90742397
-0.91893655

0.803
0.804
0.805
0.806
0.807
0.808
0.809
0.81
0.811
0.812
0.813
0.814
0.815
0.816
0.817
0.818
0.819
0.82
0.821
0.822
0.823
0.824
0.825
0.826
0.827
0.828
0.829
0.83
0.831
0.832
0.833
0.834
0.835
0.836
0.837
0.838
0.839
0.84
0.841
0.842
0.843
0.844
0.845
0.846
0.847
0.848
0.849
0.85
0.851
0.852
0.853
0.854
0.855
0.856
0.857
0.858
0.859
0.86
0.861
0.862
0.863
0.864

24.4573
24.48557
24.51385
24.54212
24.5704
24.59867
24.62694
24.65522
24.68349
24.71177
24.74004
24.76832
24.79659
24.82487
24.85314
24.88141
24.90969
24.93796
24.96624
24.99451
25.02279
25.05106
25.07933
25.10761
25.13588
25.16416
25.19243
25.22071
25.24898
25.27725
25.30553
25.3338
25.36208
25.39035
25.41863
25.4469
25.47517
25.50345
25.53172
25.56
25.58827
25.61655
25.64482
25.6731
25.70137
25.72964
25.75792
25.78619
25.81447
25.84274
25.87102
25.89929
25.92756
25.95584
25.98411
26.01239
26.04066
26.06894
26.09721
26.12548
26.15376
26.18203

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.78043
0.797794
0.814521
0.830596
0.846007
0.860742
0.874789
0.888136
0.900774
0.912692
0.92388
0.934329
0.944031
0.952979
0.961165
0.968583
0.975227
0.981091
0.98617
0.990461
0.993961
0.996666
0.998574
0.999684
0.999995
0.999507
0.998219
0.996134
0.993252
0.989576
0.985109
0.979855
0.973817
0.967001
0.959412
0.951057
0.94194
0.932071
0.921457
0.910106
0.898028
0.885231
0.871727
0.857527
0.84264
0.827081
0.81086
0.79399
0.776487
0.758362
0.739631
0.720309
0.700411
0.679953
0.658952
0.637424
0.615386
0.592857
0.569853
0.546394
0.522499
0.498185

0.865
0.866
0.867
0.868
0.869
0.87
0.871
0.872
0.873
0.874
0.875
0.876
0.877
0.878
0.879
0.88
0.881
0.882
0.883
0.884
0.885
0.886
0.887
0.888
0.889
0.89
0.891
0.892
0.893
0.894
0.895
0.896
0.897
0.898
0.899
0.9
0.901
0.902
0.903
0.904
0.905
0.906
0.907
0.908
0.909
0.91
0.911
0.912
0.913
0.914
0.915
0.916
0.917
0.918
0.919
0.92
0.921
0.922
0.923
0.924
0.925
0.926

26.21031
26.23858
26.26686
26.29513
26.3234
26.35168
26.37995
26.40823
26.4365
26.46478
26.49305
26.52133
26.5496
26.57787
26.60615
26.63442
26.6627
26.69097
26.71925
26.74752
26.77579
26.80407
26.83234
26.86062
26.88889
26.91717
26.94544
26.97371
27.00199
27.03026
27.05854
27.08681
27.11509
27.14336
27.17163
27.19991
27.22818
27.25646
27.28473
27.31301
27.34128
27.36956
27.39783
27.4261
27.45438
27.48265
27.51093
27.5392
27.56748
27.59575
27.62402
27.6523
27.68057
27.70885
27.73712
27.7654
27.79367
27.82194
27.85022
27.87849
27.90677
27.93504

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.473473
0.448383
0.422935
0.397148
0.371044
0.344643
0.317967
0.291036
0.263873
0.236499
0.208936
0.181206
0.153331
0.125333
0.097235
0.06906
0.040829
0.012566
-0.01571
-0.04397
-0.07219
-0.10036
-0.12845
-0.15643
-0.18429
-0.21201
-0.23955
-0.2669
-0.29404
-0.32094
-0.34759
-0.37396
-0.40003
-0.42578
-0.45119
-0.47624
-0.50091
-0.52517
-0.54902
-0.57243
-0.59538
-0.61786
-0.63984
-0.66131
-0.68225
-0.70265
-0.72248
-0.74174
-0.76041
-0.77846
-0.7959
-0.81269
-0.82884
-0.84433
-0.85914
-0.87326
-0.88669
-0.89941
-0.9114
-0.92267
-0.9332
-0.94299

0.927
0.928
0.929
0.93
0.931
0.932
0.933
0.934
0.935
0.936
0.937
0.938
0.939
0.94
0.941
0.942
0.943
0.944
0.945
0.946
0.947
0.948
0.949
0.95
0.951
0.952
0.953
0.954
0.955
0.956
0.957
0.958
0.959
0.96
0.961
0.962
0.963
0.964
0.965
0.966
0.967
0.968
0.969
0.97
0.971
0.972
0.973
0.974
0.975
0.976
0.977
0.978
0.979
0.98
0.981
0.982
0.983
0.984
0.985
0.986
0.987
0.988

27.96332
27.99159
28.01986
28.04814
28.07641
28.10469
28.13296
28.16124
28.18951
28.21779
28.24606
28.27433

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28.2743339

-0.95202
-0.96029
-0.9678
-0.97453
-0.98048
-0.98564
-0.99002
-0.99361
-0.9964
-0.9984
-0.9996
-1

0.989
0.99
0.991
0.992
0.993
0.994
0.995
0.996
0.997
0.998
0.999
1

Clculo da rea sobre a funo f(x) = xn (funo potncia)

com n = 0
Calcule a rea entre x=0 e x =

2.6

52

1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
052

52
52
Funo
potncia
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
2
3 52
52

52
525
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
0
52
52

52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52

rea 52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
2
52

Observe que se a funo

constante
linear

ento a rea cresce

ento a rea cresce

linearmente

quadraticamente

(incrementos constantes a cada click do mouse).

(o incremento cresce linearmente).

quadrtica ento a rea cresce cubicamente (o incremento cresce quadraticamente).

etc.
Este resultado intuitivo:
Quanto mais rpido a funo crescer, mais rapidamente ainda a rea crescer.
Portanto, tambm intuitivo que a rea esteja relacionada com a derivada da funo
(ou, equivalentemente, a derivada da rea esteja relacionada com a funo).
Observe os clculos direita e descubra qual o N (nmero de intervalos) usado para
o clculo da rea.
resposta

52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52

x^n

x^n rea de cada trapzio

0
0.01

0
0.01

1
1

1
1

0.01

0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.21
0.22
0.23

0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.21
0.22
0.23

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

0.24

0.24

0.01

0.25

0.25

0.01

0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.3
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54

0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.3
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.1
1.11

0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.1
1.11

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.2
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.3
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.4
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.5
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.6
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68

1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.2
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.3
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.4
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.5
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.6
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

1.69
1.7
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.8
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.9
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.1
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.2
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25

1.69
1.7
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.8
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.9
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.1
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.2
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.3
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.4
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.5
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.6
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
2.7
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.8
2.81
2.82

2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.3
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.4
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.5
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.9
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.1
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.2
3.21
3.22
3.23
3.24
3.25
3.26
3.27
3.28
3.29
3.3
3.31
3.32
3.33
3.34
3.35
3.36
3.37
3.38
3.39

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

3.4
3.41
3.42
3.43
3.44
3.45
3.46
3.47
3.48
3.49
3.5
3.51
3.52
3.53
3.54
3.55
3.56
3.57
3.58
3.59
3.6
3.61
3.62
3.63
3.64
3.65
3.66
3.67
3.68
3.69
3.7
3.71
3.72
3.73
3.74
3.75
3.76
3.77
3.78
3.79
3.8
3.81
3.82
3.83
3.84
3.85
3.86
3.87
3.88
3.89
3.9
3.91
3.92
3.93
3.94
3.95
3.96

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

3.97
3.98
3.99
4
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.1
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
4.19
4.2
4.21
4.22
4.23
4.24
4.25
4.26
4.27
4.28
4.29
4.3
4.31
4.32
4.33
4.34
4.35
4.36
4.37
4.38
4.39
4.4
4.41
4.42
4.43
4.44
4.45
4.46
4.47
4.48
4.49
4.5
4.51
4.52
4.53

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

4.54
4.55
4.56
4.57
4.58
4.59
4.6
4.61
4.62
4.63
4.64
4.65
4.66
4.67
4.68
4.69
4.7
4.71
4.72
4.73
4.74
4.75
4.76
4.77
4.78
4.79
4.8
4.81
4.82
4.83
4.84
4.85
4.86
4.87
4.88
4.89
4.9
4.91
4.92
4.93
4.94
4.95
4.96
4.97
4.98
4.99
5

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

area cumulativa
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.3
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54

0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.1
1.11

1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.2
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.3
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.4
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.5
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.6
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68

1.69
1.7
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.8
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.9
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.1
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.2
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25

2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.3
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.4
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.5
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59

Planilha anloga para a funo f(x) = e-x

1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
029
29

0
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

1.45

29

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
0.529
29

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
1 29
29

0.5

1.5

1.5

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
2.5
29

2.5

A rea entre esta funo e o eixo das abcissas finita = 1,

mesmo que calculemos a rea entre x=0 e x=infinito

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
3
29

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
3.5
29

3.5

3.5

3.5

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
4
29

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
294.5
29

4.5

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29

0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.3
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35

0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.3
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35

1
0.99004983
0.98019867
0.97044553
0.96078944
0.95122942
0.94176453
0.93239382
0.92311635
0.91393119
0.90483742
0.89583414
0.88692044
0.87809543
0.86935824
0.86070798
0.85214379
0.84366482
0.83527021
0.82695913
0.81873075
0.81058425
0.8025188
0.7945336
0.78662786
0.77880078
0.77105159
0.76337949
0.75578374
0.74826357
0.74081822
0.73344696
0.72614904
0.71892373
0.71177032
0.70468809

exp(-x)
1
0.99004983
0.98019867
0.97044553
0.96078944
0.95122942
0.94176453
0.93239382
0.92311635
0.91393119
0.90483742
0.89583414
0.88692044
0.87809543
0.86935824
0.86070798
0.85214379
0.84366482
0.83527021
0.82695913
0.81873075
0.81058425
0.8025188
0.7945336
0.78662786
0.77880078
0.77105159
0.76337949
0.75578374
0.74826357
0.74081822
0.73344696
0.72614904
0.71892373
0.71177032
0.70468809

rea de cada trapzio

0
0.009950249
0.009851243
0.009753221
0.009656175
0.009560094
0.00946497
0.009370792
0.009277551
0.009185238
0.009093843
0.009003358
0.008913773
0.008825079
0.008737268
0.008650331
0.008564259
0.008479043
0.008394675
0.008311147
0.008228449
0.008146575
0.008065515
0.007985262
0.007905807
0.007827143
0.007749262
0.007672155
0.007595816
0.007520237
0.007445409
0.007371326
0.00729798
0.007225364
0.00715347
0.007082292

0.36

0.36

0.69767633

0.69767633

0.007011822

0.37
0.38
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54

0.37
0.38
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54

0.69073433
0.68386141
0.67705687
0.67032005
0.66365025
0.65704682
0.65050909
0.64403642
0.63762815
0.63128365
0.62500227
0.61878339
0.61262639
0.60653066
0.60049558
0.59452055
0.58860497
0.58274825

0.69073433
0.68386141
0.67705687
0.67032005
0.66365025
0.65704682
0.65050909
0.64403642
0.63762815
0.63128365
0.62500227
0.61878339
0.61262639
0.60653066
0.60049558
0.59452055
0.58860497
0.58274825

0.006942053
0.006872979
0.006804591
0.006736885
0.006669851
0.006603485
0.00653778
0.006472728
0.006408323
0.006344559
0.00628143
0.006218928
0.006157049
0.006095785
0.006035131
0.005975081
0.005915628
0.005856766

0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.1
1.11

0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.1
1.11

0.57694981
0.57120906
0.56552544
0.55989837
0.55432728
0.54881164
0.54335087
0.53794444
0.5325918
0.52729242
0.52204578
0.51685133
0.51170858
0.50661699
0.50157607
0.4965853
0.4916442
0.48675226
0.48190899
0.47711392
0.47236655
0.46766643
0.46301307
0.45840601
0.4538448
0.44932896
0.44485807
0.44043165
0.43604929
0.43171052
0.42741493
0.42316208
0.41895155
0.41478291
0.41065575
0.40656966
0.40252422
0.39851904
0.39455371
0.39062784
0.38674102
0.38289289
0.37908304
0.3753111
0.37157669
0.36787944
0.36421898
0.36059494
0.35700696
0.35345468
0.34993775
0.34645581
0.34300852
0.33959553
0.33621649
0.33287108
0.32955896

0.57694981
0.57120906
0.56552544
0.55989837
0.55432728
0.54881164
0.54335087
0.53794444
0.5325918
0.52729242
0.52204578
0.51685133
0.51170858
0.50661699
0.50157607
0.4965853
0.4916442
0.48675226
0.48190899
0.47711392
0.47236655
0.46766643
0.46301307
0.45840601
0.4538448
0.44932896
0.44485807
0.44043165
0.43604929
0.43171052
0.42741493
0.42316208
0.41895155
0.41478291
0.41065575
0.40656966
0.40252422
0.39851904
0.39455371
0.39062784
0.38674102
0.38289289
0.37908304
0.3753111
0.37157669
0.36787944
0.36421898
0.36059494
0.35700696
0.35345468
0.34993775
0.34645581
0.34300852
0.33959553
0.33621649
0.33287108
0.32955896

0.00579849
0.005740794
0.005683673
0.005627119
0.005571128
0.005515695
0.005460813
0.005406477
0.005352681
0.005299421
0.005246691
0.005194486
0.0051428
0.005091628
0.005040965
0.004990807
0.004941148
0.004891982
0.004843306
0.004795115
0.004747402
0.004700165
0.004653397
0.004607095
0.004561254
0.004515869
0.004470935
0.004426449
0.004382405
0.004338799
0.004295627
0.004252885
0.004210568
0.004168672
0.004127193
0.004086127
0.004045469
0.004005216
0.003965364
0.003925908
0.003886844
0.00384817
0.00380988
0.003771971
0.003734439
0.003697281
0.003660492
0.00362407
0.00358801
0.003552308
0.003516962
0.003481968
0.003447322
0.00341302
0.00337906
0.003345438
0.00331215

1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.2
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.3
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.4
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.5
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.6
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68

1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.2
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.3
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.4
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.32627979
0.32303326
0.31981902
0.31663677
0.31348618
0.31036694
0.30727874
0.30422126
0.30119421
0.29819728
0.29523017
0.29229258
0.28938422
0.2865048
0.28365403
0.28083162
0.2780373
0.27527078
0.27253179
0.26982006
0.2671353
0.26447726
0.26184567
0.25924026
0.25666078
0.25410696
0.25157855
0.2490753
0.24659696
0.24414328
0.24171402
0.23930892
0.23692776
0.23457029
0.23223627
0.22992549
0.22763769
0.22537266
0.22313016
0.22090998
0.21871189
0.21653567
0.2143811
0.21224797
0.21013607
0.20804518
0.2059751
0.20392561
0.20189652
0.19988761
0.1978987
0.19592957
0.19398004
0.19204991
0.19013898
0.18824707
0.18637398

0.32627979
0.32303326
0.31981902
0.31663677
0.31348618
0.31036694
0.30727874
0.30422126
0.30119421
0.29819728
0.29523017
0.29229258
0.28938422
0.2865048
0.28365403
0.28083162
0.2780373
0.27527078
0.27253179
0.26982006
0.2671353
0.26447726
0.26184567
0.25924026
0.25666078
0.25410696
0.25157855
0.2490753
0.24659696
0.24414328
0.24171402
0.23930892
0.23692776

0.003279194
0.003246565
0.003214261
0.003182279
0.003150615
0.003119266
0.003088228
0.0030575
0.003027077
0.002996957
0.002967137
0.002937614
0.002908384
0.002879445
0.002850794
0.002822428
0.002794345
0.00276654
0.002739013
0.002711759
0.002684777
0.002658063
0.002631615
0.00260543
0.002579505
0.002553839
0.002528428
0.002503269
0.002478361
0.002453701
0.002429287
0.002405115
0.002381183

1.69
1.7
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.8
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.9
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.1
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.2
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.18451952
0.18268352
0.18086579
0.17906615
0.17728441
0.1755204
0.17377394
0.17204486
0.17033299
0.16863815
0.16696017
0.16529889
0.16365414
0.16202575
0.16041357
0.15881743
0.15723717
0.15567263
0.15412366
0.15259011
0.15107181
0.14956862
0.14808039
0.14660696
0.1451482
0.14370395
0.14227407
0.14085842
0.13945686
0.13806924
0.13669543
0.13533528
0.13398867
0.13265547
0.13133552
0.13002871
0.1287349
0.12745397
0.12618578
0.12493021
0.12368714
0.12245643
0.12123797
0.12003163
0.11883729
0.11765484
0.11648416
0.11532512
0.11417762
0.11304153
0.11191675
0.11080316
0.10970065
0.10860911
0.10752843
0.1064585
0.10539922

2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.3
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.4
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.5
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.6
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68
2.69
2.7
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.8
2.81
2.82

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.10435048
0.10331218
0.10228421
0.10126646
0.10025884
0.09926125
0.09827359
0.09729575
0.09632764
0.09536916
0.09442022
0.09348073
0.09255058
0.09162968
0.09071795
0.08981529
0.08892162
0.08803683
0.08716085
0.08629359
0.08543495
0.08458486
0.08374323
0.08290997
0.082085
0.08126824
0.08045961
0.07965902
0.0788664
0.07808167
0.07730474
0.07653555
0.075774
0.07502004
0.07427358
0.07353454
0.07280286
0.07207846
0.07136127
0.07065121
0.06994822
0.06925223
0.06856315
0.06788094
0.06720551
0.06653681
0.06587475
0.06521929
0.06457035
0.06392786
0.06329177
0.062662
0.06203851
0.06142121
0.06081006
0.06020499
0.05960594

2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.9
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.1
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.2
3.21
3.22
3.23
3.24
3.25
3.26
3.27
3.28
3.29
3.3
3.31
3.32
3.33
3.34
3.35
3.36
3.37
3.38
3.39

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.05901285
0.05842567
0.05784432
0.05726876
0.05669893
0.05613476
0.05557621
0.05502322
0.05447573
0.05393369
0.05339704
0.05286573
0.05233971
0.05181892
0.05130331
0.05079283
0.05028744
0.04978707
0.04929168
0.04880122
0.04831564
0.04783489
0.04735892
0.0468877
0.04642115
0.04595926
0.04550195
0.0450492
0.04460096
0.04415717
0.0437178
0.0432828
0.04285213
0.04242574
0.0420036
0.04158566
0.04117187
0.0407622
0.04035661
0.03995506
0.0395575
0.0391639
0.03877421
0.0383884
0.03800643
0.03762826
0.03725385
0.03688317
0.03651617
0.03615283
0.03579311
0.03543696
0.03508435
0.03473526
0.03438964
0.03404745
0.03370868

3.4
3.41
3.42
3.43
3.44
3.45
3.46
3.47
3.48
3.49
3.5
3.51
3.52
3.53
3.54
3.55
3.56
3.57
3.58
3.59
3.6
3.61
3.62
3.63
3.64
3.65
3.66
3.67
3.68
3.69
3.7
3.71
3.72
3.73
3.74
3.75
3.76
3.77
3.78
3.79
3.8
3.81
3.82
3.83
3.84
3.85
3.86
3.87
3.88
3.89
3.9
3.91
3.92
3.93
3.94
3.95
3.96

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.03337327
0.0330412
0.03271243
0.03238694
0.03206469
0.03174564
0.03142976
0.03111703
0.03080741
0.03050087
0.03019738
0.02989691
0.02959944
0.02930492
0.02901333
0.02872464
0.02843882
0.02815585
0.0278757
0.02759833
0.02732372
0.02705185
0.02678268
0.02651618
0.02625234
0.02599113
0.02573251
0.02547647
0.02522297
0.024972
0.02472353
0.02447752
0.02423397
0.02399284
0.0237541
0.02351775
0.02328374
0.02305206
0.02282269
0.0225956
0.02237077
0.02214818
0.0219278
0.02170962
0.0214936
0.02127974
0.021068
0.02085837
0.02065083
0.02044535
0.02024191
0.0200405
0.01984109
0.01964367
0.01944821
0.0192547
0.01906311

3.97
3.98
3.99
4
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.1
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
4.19
4.2
4.21
4.22
4.23
4.24
4.25
4.26
4.27
4.28
4.29
4.3
4.31
4.32
4.33
4.34
4.35
4.36
4.37
4.38
4.39
4.4
4.41
4.42
4.43
4.44
4.45
4.46
4.47
4.48
4.49
4.5
4.51
4.52
4.53

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.01887343
0.01868564
0.01849971
0.01831564
0.0181334
0.01795296
0.01777433
0.01759747
0.01742237
0.01724902
0.01707739
0.01690747
0.01673923
0.01657268
0.01640777
0.01624451
0.01608288
0.01592285
0.01576442
0.01560756
0.01545226
0.01529851
0.01514628
0.01499558
0.01484637
0.01469864
0.01455239
0.01440759
0.01426423
0.0141223
0.01398178
0.01384266
0.01370493
0.01356856
0.01343355
0.01329988
0.01316755
0.01303653
0.01290681
0.01277839
0.01265124
0.01252536
0.01240073
0.01227734
0.01215518
0.01203423
0.01191449
0.01179594
0.01167857
0.01156236
0.01144732
0.01133341
0.01122064
0.011109
0.01099846
0.01088902
0.01078068

4.54
4.55
4.56
4.57
4.58
4.59
4.6
4.61
4.62
4.63
4.64
4.65
4.66
4.67
4.68
4.69
4.7
4.71
4.72
4.73
4.74
4.75
4.76
4.77
4.78
4.79
4.8
4.81
4.82
4.83
4.84
4.85
4.86
4.87
4.88
4.89
4.9
4.91
4.92
4.93
4.94
4.95
4.96
4.97
4.98
4.99
5

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.01067341
0.0105672
0.01046206
0.01035796
0.0102549
0.01015286
0.01005184
0.00995182
0.0098528
0.00975476
0.0096577
0.0095616
0.00946646
0.00937227
0.00927901
0.00918669
0.00909528
0.00900478
0.00891518
0.00882647
0.00873865
0.0086517
0.00856561
0.00848038
0.008396
0.00831246
0.00822975
0.00814786
0.00806679
0.00798652
0.00790705
0.00782838
0.00775048
0.00767337
0.00759701
0.00752142
0.00744658
0.00737249
0.00729913
0.0072265
0.0071546
0.00708341
0.00701293
0.00694315
0.00687406
0.00680566
0.00673795

area cumulativa
0
0.009950249
0.019801492
0.029554713
0.039210888
0.048770982
0.058235952
0.067606743
0.076884294
0.086069532
0.095163375
0.104166733
0.113080506
0.121905585
0.130642853
0.139293184
0.147857443
0.156336486
0.164731161
0.173042308
0.181270757
0.189417332
0.197482848
0.20546811
0.213373917
0.22120106
0.228950322
0.236622477
0.244218294
0.25173853
0.259183939
0.266555265
0.273853245
0.281078609
0.288232079
0.295314371
0.302326193
0.309268247
0.316141225
0.322945817
0.329682701
0.336352553
0.342956038
0.349493818
0.355966545
0.362374868
0.368719427
0.375000857
0.381219785
0.387376834
0.393472619
0.39950775
0.405482831
0.411398459
0.417255225

0.423053715
0.428794509
0.434478182
0.440105301
0.445676429
0.451192124
0.456652936
0.462059413
0.467412094
0.472711515
0.477958206
0.483152692
0.488295491
0.493387119
0.498428084
0.503418891
0.508360039
0.513252021
0.518095327
0.522890442
0.527637844
0.532338009
0.536991407
0.541598502
0.546159756
0.550675625
0.55514656
0.559573009
0.563955413
0.568294212
0.57258984
0.576842725
0.581053293
0.585221965
0.589349158
0.593435286
0.597480755
0.601485971
0.605451335
0.609377243
0.613264087
0.617112257
0.620922136
0.624694107
0.628428546
0.632125826
0.635786319
0.639410388
0.642998398
0.646550706
0.650067668
0.653549636
0.656996958
0.660409978
0.663789038
0.667134476
0.670446626

0.67372582
0.676972385
0.680186646
0.683368925
0.68651954
0.689638806
0.692727034
0.695784534
0.698811611
0.701808569
0.704775706
0.70771332
0.710621704
0.713501149
0.716351943
0.719174371
0.721968716
0.724735256
0.727474269
0.730186028
0.732870805
0.735528868
0.738160483
0.740765912
0.743345418
0.745899256
0.748427684
0.750930953
0.753409314
0.755863016
0.758292302
0.760697417
0.7630786

Clculo da distncia percorrida, dada a curva de velocidade.

Valor exato( em 10 s)

166.65

166.6667
erro
0.01%

em seguida, vamos tirando lentamente o p e passamos a

pisar lentamente no freio, cada vez com mais fora
at o carro parar.
Observe que a acelerao comea grande,
cai a zero linearmente e se torna negativa (freio).

distncia percorrida (m)

0.0495
0.197
0.4405
0.778
1.2075
1.727
2.3345
3.028
3.8055
4.665
5.6045
6.622
7.7155
8.883
10.1225
11.432
12.8095
14.253
15.7605
17.33
18.9595
6
8
20.647
tempo (s)
22.3905
24.188
26.0375
27.937
29.8845
31.878
33.9155
35.995
38.1145
40.272
42.4655
44.693
46.9525
49.242
51.5595
53.903
56.2705
58.66
61.0695
63.497
65.9405
68.398
70.8675
73.347

v(t) 25 ( t 5 ) 2
1
125
x(t) 25t (t 5)3
3
3
a(t) 2 t 10

180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
10

12

Distncia percorrida

Velocidade

tempo (s) velocidade (m/s)

0
0
0.1
0.99
0.2
1.96
0.3
2.91
0.4
3.84
0.5
4.75
0.6
5.64
0.7
6.51
0.8
7.36
0.9
8.19
1
9
1.1
9.79
30
1.2
10.56
25 11.31
1.3
1.4
20 12.04
1.5
12.75
15 13.44
1.6
1.7
14.11
10
1.8
14.76
5 15.39
1.9
2
16
0
2.1
16.59
0
2
2.2
17.16
2.3
17.71
2.4
18.24
2.5
18.75
2.6
19.24
2.7
19.71
2.8
20.16
2.9
20.59
3
21
3.1
21.39
3.2
21.76
3.3
22.11
3.4
22.44
3.5
22.75
3.6
23.04
3.7
23.31
3.8
23.56
3.9
23.79
4
24
4.1
24.19
4.2
24.36
4.3
24.51
4.4
24.64
4.5
24.75
4.6
24.84

Interpretao fsica:
Inicialmente pisamos fundo no acelerador,

Valor obtido:

para x(0) 0

4.7
4.8
4.9
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
9.9
10

24.91
24.96
24.99
25
24.99
24.96
24.91
24.84
24.75
24.64
24.51
24.36
24.19
24
23.79
23.56
23.31
23.04
22.75
22.44
22.11
21.76
21.39
21
20.59
20.16
19.71
19.24
18.75
18.24
17.71
17.16
16.59
16
15.39
14.76
14.11
13.44
12.75
12.04
11.31
10.56
9.79
9
8.19
7.36
6.51
5.64
4.75
3.84
2.91
1.96
0.99
0

75.8345
78.328
80.8255
83.325
85.8245
88.322
90.8155
93.303
95.7825
98.252
100.7095
103.153
105.5805
107.99
110.3795
112.747
115.0905
117.408
119.6975
121.957
124.1845
126.378
128.5355
130.655
132.7345
134.772
136.7655
138.713
140.6125
142.462
144.2595
146.003
147.6905
149.32
150.8895
152.397
153.8405
155.218
156.5275
157.767
158.9345
160.028
161.0455
161.985
162.8445
163.622
164.3155
164.923
165.4425
165.872
166.2095
166.453
166.6005
166.65

no acelerador,

entamente o p e passamos a
da vez com mais fora

omea grande,
orna negativa (freio).

para x(0) 0

Exerccios
Exerccio 1

Use o espao ao lado para resolver ->

Analise a curva abaixo no intervalo [-5;+5]

y = (x^2+10)/(x^4-x+3)
a. Faa um grfico da curva.
b. Verifique se o denominador possui alguma raiz neste intervalo.
c. Obtenha a derivada da curva.
d. Calcule a rea sob a curva.

Exerccio 2

Os dados abaixo correspondem a uma medida de corrente em canais de Ca ++ de uma clula.

Calcule o nmero de moles de ons Ca++ que entraram na clula.

tempo (ms) corrente (pA)

0
0
0.01 4.99950002
0.02
9.9960008
0.03 14.9865061
0.04 19.9680256
0.05 24.9375781
0.06 29.8921942
0.07 34.8289195
0.08 39.7448175
0.09 44.6369722
0.1 49.5024917
0.11 54.3385101
0.12
59.142191
0.13 63.9107303
0.14 68.6413582
0.15 73.3313428
0.16 77.9779921
0.17 82.5786569
0.18 87.1307331
0.19 91.6316643
0.2 96.0789439
0.21 100.470118
0.22 104.802787
0.23 109.074608
0.24 113.283298
0.25 117.426633
0.26 121.502453
0.27 125.508662
0.28 129.443232
0.29 133.304201
0.3 137.089678
0.31 140.797842
0.32 144.426946
0.33 147.975316
0.34 151.441352
0.35 154.823533
0.36 158.120413
0.37 161.330624
0.38 164.452878
0.39 167.485965
0.4 170.428758

Lembre que:
i. 1 Coulomb a carga de aproximadamente 6x10 18 ons monovalentes.
ii. 1 A = 1 C/s
iii. 1 pA = 10-12 A e 1 ms = 10-3 s
iv. 1 mol = 6.02 1023

250
200
150
Series1

100
50
0
0

0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97

173.280207
176.039347
178.705291
181.277235
183.754459
186.13632
188.422261
190.611805
192.704555
194.700196
196.598494
198.399293
200.102518
201.708172
203.216334
204.627162
205.940889
207.157821
208.27834
209.302898
210.23202
211.066299
211.806398
212.453044
213.007033
213.46922
213.840526
214.12193
214.314469
214.419238
214.437386
214.370115
214.218678
213.984377
213.668559
213.27262
212.797995
212.246161
211.618635
210.91697
210.142751
209.297599
208.383164
207.401123
206.35318
205.241064
204.066522
202.831326
201.537261
200.18613
198.779748
197.319943
195.808552
194.247418
192.63839
190.983322
189.284068

0.98
0.99
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.1
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.2
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.3
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.4
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.5
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54

187.542482
185.760417
183.939721
182.082236
180.189797
178.264232
176.307356
174.320971
172.306869
170.266822
168.202589
166.115909
164.008504
161.882071
159.738289
157.578813
155.405272
153.219271
151.02239
148.816179
146.602162
144.381833
142.156655
139.928063
137.69746
135.466214
133.235665
131.007117
128.781841
126.561075
124.346022
122.137849
119.937691
117.746644
115.565773
113.396105
111.23863
109.094305
106.96405
104.84875
102.749254
100.666376
98.6008946
96.5535525
94.5250586
92.516087
90.5272773
88.5592354
86.6125335
84.6877107
82.7852732
80.9056951
79.0494184
77.216854
75.4083818
73.6243515
71.8650831

1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.6
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.7
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.8
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.9
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
2.1
2.11

70.1308673
68.4219664
66.7386148
65.0810194
63.4493605
61.8437924
60.264444
58.7114195
57.1847991
55.6846397
54.2109754
52.7638185
51.34316
49.9489704
48.5812001
47.2397807
45.9246252
44.6356287
43.3726695
42.1356094
40.9242946
39.7385563
38.5782114
37.4430631
36.3329019
35.2475056
34.1866407
33.1500624
32.1375158
31.1487361
30.1834493
29.2413729
28.3222164
27.425682
26.5514651
25.6992545
24.8687337
24.0595807
23.2714689
22.5040675
21.7570419
21.0300543
20.3227641
19.6348283
18.965902
18.3156389
17.6836913
17.0697111
16.4733495
15.8942579
15.3320881
14.7864923
14.2571239
13.7436375
13.2456893
12.7629372
12.2950414

2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.2
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.3
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.4
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.5
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.6
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
2.67
2.68

11.8416643
11.4024709
10.977129
10.5653094
10.1666862
9.78093679
9.40774207
9.04678678
8.69775946
8.36035269
8.03426319
7.71919191
7.4148442
7.12092986
6.83716322
6.56326328
6.29895371
6.04396296
5.7980243
5.56087585
5.33226064
5.11192664
4.89962675
4.69511885
4.49816582
4.30853549
4.12600071
3.95033926
3.78133392
3.61877238
3.46244726
3.31215606
3.16770116
3.02888972
2.89553371
2.76744981
2.6444594
2.52638849
2.41306767
2.30433205
2.20002121
2.09997912
2.0040541
1.91209874
1.82396984
1.73952832
1.65863918
1.58117141
1.50699793
1.43599548
1.36804459
1.30302951
1.24083807
1.18136168
1.1244952
1.07013689
1.01818832

2.69
2.7
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.8
2.81
2.82
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.9
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.1
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.2
3.21
3.22
3.23
3.24
3.25

0.96855432
0.92114287
0.87586504
0.83263491
0.7913695
0.7519887
0.71441519
0.67857435
0.64439423
0.61180543
0.58074106
0.55113666
0.52293013
0.49606167
0.47047371
0.44611083
0.42291972
0.40084908
0.37984961
0.35987389
0.34087638
0.32281329
0.3056426
0.28932395
0.27381859
0.25908934
0.24510055
0.23181801
0.21920894
0.20724189
0.19588677
0.18511471
0.17489809
0.16521047
0.15602652
0.14732203
0.13907383
0.13125976
0.12385864
0.11685022
0.11021516
0.10393498
0.09799203
0.09236946
0.08705119
0.08202189
0.07726691
0.0727723
0.06852475
0.06451157
0.06072068
0.05714056
0.05376025
0.0505693
0.04755779
0.04471624
0.04203566

3.26
3.27
3.28
3.29
3.3
3.31
3.32
3.33
3.34
3.35
3.36
3.37
3.38
3.39
3.4
3.41
3.42
3.43
3.44
3.45
3.46
3.47
3.48
3.49
3.5
3.51
3.52
3.53
3.54
3.55
3.56
3.57
3.58
3.59
3.6
3.61
3.62
3.63
3.64
3.65
3.66
3.67
3.68
3.69
3.7
3.71
3.72
3.73
3.74
3.75
3.76
3.77
3.78
3.79
3.8
3.81
3.82

0.0395075
0.03712362
0.03487628
0.03275812
0.03076217
0.0288818
0.02711069
0.02544287
0.02387267
0.02239469
0.02100382
0.01969522
0.0184643
0.01730669
0.01621828
0.01519514
0.01423358
0.01333009
0.01248134
0.0116842
0.01093569
0.010233
0.00957347
0.00895458
0.00837396
0.00782935
0.00731864
0.00683982
0.006391
0.00597038
0.00557629
0.00520713
0.0048614
0.00453768
0.00423464
0.00395101
0.00368561
0.00343733
0.00320511
0.00298796
0.00278494
0.00259518
0.00241784
0.00225216
0.0020974
0.00195286
0.00181791
0.00169193
0.00157436
0.00146465
0.00136231
0.00126686
0.00117785
0.00109486
0.00101752
0.00094544
0.00087828

3.83
3.84
3.85
3.86
3.87
3.88
3.89
3.9
3.91
3.92
3.93
3.94
3.95
3.96
3.97
3.98
3.99
4
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.1
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
4.19
4.2
4.21
4.22
4.23
4.24
4.25
4.26
4.27
4.28
4.29
4.3
4.31
4.32
4.33
4.34
4.35
4.36
4.37
4.38
4.39

0.00081573
0.00075748
0.00070324
0.00065274
0.00060575
0.00056203
0.00052135
0.00048352
0.00044834
0.00041564
0.00038524
0.00035699
0.00033074
0.00030636
0.00028372
0.0002627
0.00024318
0.00022507
0.00020826
0.00019267
0.00017821
0.00016481
0.00015237
0.00014085
0.00013017
0.00012028
0.00011111
0.00010263
9.4769E-05
8.7494E-05
8.0761E-05
7.4531E-05
6.8767E-05
6.3436E-05
5.8506E-05
5.3949E-05
4.9736E-05
4.5842E-05
4.2245E-05
3.8922E-05
3.5853E-05
3.3019E-05
3.0403E-05
2.7988E-05
2.576E-05
2.3705E-05
2.1809E-05
2.006E-05
1.8448E-05
1.6962E-05
1.5592E-05
1.4331E-05
1.3168E-05
1.2097E-05
1.1112E-05
1.0204E-05
9.3685E-06

4.4
4.41
4.42
4.43
4.44
4.45
4.46
4.47
4.48
4.49
4.5
4.51
4.52
4.53
4.54
4.55
4.56
4.57
4.58
4.59
4.6
4.61
4.62
4.63
4.64
4.65
4.66
4.67
4.68
4.69
4.7
4.71
4.72
4.73
4.74
4.75
4.76
4.77
4.78
4.79
4.8
4.81
4.82
4.83
4.84
4.85

8.5997E-06
7.8923E-06
7.2417E-06
6.6434E-06
6.0932E-06
5.5874E-06
5.1226E-06
4.6955E-06
4.3031E-06
3.9427E-06
3.6118E-06
3.3079E-06
3.029E-06
2.773E-06
2.5382E-06
2.3227E-06
2.1251E-06
1.944E-06
1.7779E-06
1.6256E-06
1.4861E-06
1.3583E-06
1.2412E-06
1.134E-06
1.0359E-06
9.46E-07
8.6376E-07
7.885E-07
7.1966E-07
6.5669E-07
5.991E-07
5.4646E-07
4.9834E-07
4.5436E-07
4.1418E-07
3.7748E-07
3.4396E-07
3.1335E-07
2.8541E-07
2.599E-07
2.3663E-07
2.1539E-07
1.9603E-07
1.7836E-07
1.6226E-07
1.4758E-07

ente 6x10 18 ons monovalentes.

Series1

Exerccios
Exerccio 1

No olhe as respostas antes de tentar resolver ->

Analise a curva abaixo no intervalo [-5;+5]

y = (x^2+10)/(x^4-x+3)
a. Faa um grfico da curva.
b. Verifique se o denominador possui alguma raiz neste intervalo.
c. Obtenha a derivada da curva. Faa um grfico.
d. Calcule a rea sob a curva como funo de x. Faa um grfico.

Exerccio 2

Os dados abaixo correspondem a uma medida de corrente em canais de Ca++ de uma clula.
Calcule o nmero de moles de ons Ca++ que entraram na clula.

tempo (ms) corrente (pA)

0
0
0.01 4.99950002
0.02
9.9960008
0.03 14.9865061
0.04 19.9680256
0.05 24.9375781
0.06 29.8921942
0.07 34.8289195
0.08 39.7448175
0.09 44.6369722
0.1 49.5024917
0.11 54.3385101
0.12
59.142191
0.13 63.9107303
0.14 68.6413582
0.15 73.3313428
0.16 77.9779921
0.17 82.5786569
0.18 87.1307331
0.19 91.6316643
0.2 96.0789439
0.21 100.470118
0.22 104.802787
0.23 109.074608
0.24 113.283298
0.25 117.426633
0.26 121.502453
0.27 125.508662
0.28 129.443232
0.29 133.304201
0.3 137.089678
0.31 140.797842
0.32 144.426946
0.33 147.975316
0.34 151.441352
0.35 154.823533
0.36 158.120413
0.37 161.330624
0.38 164.452878

Lembre que:
i. 1 Coulomb a carga de aproximadamente 6x10 18 ons monovalentes.
ii. Corrente = Carga/tempo ou i = dQ/dt e que 1 A = 1 C/s
iii. 1 pA = 10-12 A e 1 ms = 10-3 s
iv. 1 mol = 6.02 1023

250
200
150
Series1

100
50
0
0

0.39
0.4
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.69
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95

167.485965
170.428758
173.280207
176.039347
178.705291
181.277235
183.754459
186.13632
188.422261
190.611805
192.704555
194.700196
196.598494
198.399293
200.102518
201.708172
203.216334
204.627162
205.940889
207.157821
208.27834
209.302898
210.23202
211.066299
211.806398
212.453044
213.007033
213.46922
213.840526
214.12193
214.314469
214.419238
214.437386
214.370115
214.218678
213.984377
213.668559
213.27262
212.797995
212.246161
211.618635
210.91697
210.142751
209.297599
208.383164
207.401123
206.35318
205.241064
204.066522
202.831326
201.537261
200.18613
198.779748
197.319943
195.808552
194.247418
192.63839

0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.1
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.2
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.3
1.31
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
1.39
1.4
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.5
1.51
1.52

190.983322
189.284068
187.542482
185.760417
183.939721
182.082236
180.189797
178.264232
176.307356
174.320971
172.306869
170.266822
168.202589
166.115909
164.008504
161.882071
159.738289
157.578813
155.405272
153.219271
151.02239
148.816179
146.602162
144.381833
142.156655
139.928063
137.69746
135.466214
133.235665
131.007117
128.781841
126.561075
124.346022
122.137849
119.937691
117.746644
115.565773
113.396105
111.23863
109.094305
106.96405
104.84875
102.749254
100.666376
98.6008946
96.5535525
94.5250586
92.516087
90.5272773
88.5592354
86.6125335
84.6877107
82.7852732
80.9056951
79.0494184
77.216854
75.4083818

1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
1.57
1.58
1.59
1.6
1.61
1.62
1.63
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.69
1.7
1.71
1.72
1.73
1.74
1.75
1.76
1.77
1.78
1.79
1.8
1.81
1.82
1.83
1.84
1.85
1.86
1.87
1.88
1.89
1.9
1.91
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.96
1.97
1.98
1.99
2
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09

73.6243515
71.8650831
70.1308673
68.4219664
66.7386148
65.0810194
63.4493605
61.8437924
60.264444
58.7114195
57.1847991
55.6846397
54.2109754
52.7638185
51.34316
49.9489704
48.5812001
47.2397807
45.9246252
44.6356287
43.3726695
42.1356094
40.9242946
39.7385563
38.5782114
37.4430631
36.3329019
35.2475056
34.1866407
33.1500624
32.1375158
31.1487361
30.1834493
29.2413729
28.3222164
27.425682
26.5514651
25.6992545
24.8687337
24.0595807
23.2714689
22.5040675
21.7570419
21.0300543
20.3227641
19.6348283
18.965902
18.3156389
17.6836913
17.0697111
16.4733495
15.8942579
15.3320881
14.7864923
14.2571239
13.7436375
13.2456893

2.1
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.2
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
2.29
2.3
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
2.38
2.39
2.4
2.41
2.42
2.43
2.44
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.5
2.51
2.52
2.53
2.54
2.55
2.56
2.57
2.58
2.59
2.6
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66

12.7629372
12.2950414
11.8416643
11.4024709
10.977129
10.5653094
10.1666862
9.78093679
9.40774207
9.04678678
8.69775946
8.36035269
8.03426319
7.71919191
7.4148442
7.12092986
6.83716322
6.56326328
6.29895371
6.04396296
5.7980243
5.56087585
5.33226064
5.11192664
4.89962675
4.69511885
4.49816582
4.30853549
4.12600071
3.95033926
3.78133392
3.61877238
3.46244726
3.31215606
3.16770116
3.02888972
2.89553371
2.76744981
2.6444594
2.52638849
2.41306767
2.30433205
2.20002121
2.09997912
2.0040541
1.91209874
1.82396984
1.73952832
1.65863918
1.58117141
1.50699793
1.43599548
1.36804459
1.30302951
1.24083807
1.18136168
1.1244952

2.67
2.68
2.69
2.7
2.71
2.72
2.73
2.74
2.75
2.76
2.77
2.78
2.79
2.8
2.81
2.82
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
2.9
2.91
2.92
2.93
2.94
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.1
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.2
3.21
3.22
3.23

1.07013689
1.01818832
0.96855432
0.92114287
0.87586504
0.83263491
0.7913695
0.7519887
0.71441519
0.67857435
0.64439423
0.61180543
0.58074106
0.55113666
0.52293013
0.49606167
0.47047371
0.44611083
0.42291972
0.40084908
0.37984961
0.35987389
0.34087638
0.32281329
0.3056426
0.28932395
0.27381859
0.25908934
0.24510055
0.23181801
0.21920894
0.20724189
0.19588677
0.18511471
0.17489809
0.16521047
0.15602652
0.14732203
0.13907383
0.13125976
0.12385864
0.11685022
0.11021516
0.10393498
0.09799203
0.09236946
0.08705119
0.08202189
0.07726691
0.0727723
0.06852475
0.06451157
0.06072068
0.05714056
0.05376025
0.0505693
0.04755779

3.24
3.25
3.26
3.27
3.28
3.29
3.3
3.31
3.32
3.33
3.34
3.35
3.36
3.37
3.38
3.39
3.4
3.41
3.42
3.43
3.44
3.45
3.46
3.47
3.48
3.49
3.5
3.51
3.52
3.53
3.54
3.55
3.56
3.57
3.58
3.59
3.6
3.61
3.62
3.63
3.64
3.65
3.66
3.67
3.68
3.69
3.7
3.71
3.72
3.73
3.74
3.75
3.76
3.77
3.78
3.79
3.8

0.04471624
0.04203566
0.0395075
0.03712362
0.03487628
0.03275812
0.03076217
0.0288818
0.02711069
0.02544287
0.02387267
0.02239469
0.02100382
0.01969522
0.0184643
0.01730669
0.01621828
0.01519514
0.01423358
0.01333009
0.01248134
0.0116842
0.01093569
0.010233
0.00957347
0.00895458
0.00837396
0.00782935
0.00731864
0.00683982
0.006391
0.00597038
0.00557629
0.00520713
0.0048614
0.00453768
0.00423464
0.00395101
0.00368561
0.00343733
0.00320511
0.00298796
0.00278494
0.00259518
0.00241784
0.00225216
0.0020974
0.00195286
0.00181791
0.00169193
0.00157436
0.00146465
0.00136231
0.00126686
0.00117785
0.00109486
0.00101752

3.81
3.82
3.83
3.84
3.85
3.86
3.87
3.88
3.89
3.9
3.91
3.92
3.93
3.94
3.95
3.96
3.97
3.98
3.99
4
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.1
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
4.19
4.2
4.21
4.22
4.23
4.24
4.25
4.26
4.27
4.28
4.29
4.3
4.31
4.32
4.33
4.34
4.35
4.36
4.37

0.00094544
0.00087828
0.00081573
0.00075748
0.00070324
0.00065274
0.00060575
0.00056203
0.00052135
0.00048352
0.00044834
0.00041564
0.00038524
0.00035699
0.00033074
0.00030636
0.00028372
0.0002627
0.00024318
0.00022507
0.00020826
0.00019267
0.00017821
0.00016481
0.00015237
0.00014085
0.00013017
0.00012028
0.00011111
0.00010263
9.4769E-05
8.7494E-05
8.0761E-05
7.4531E-05
6.8767E-05
6.3436E-05
5.8506E-05
5.3949E-05
4.9736E-05
4.5842E-05
4.2245E-05
3.8922E-05
3.5853E-05
3.3019E-05
3.0403E-05
2.7988E-05
2.576E-05
2.3705E-05
2.1809E-05
2.006E-05
1.8448E-05
1.6962E-05
1.5592E-05
1.4331E-05
1.3168E-05
1.2097E-05
1.1112E-05

4.38
4.39
4.4
4.41
4.42
4.43
4.44
4.45
4.46
4.47
4.48
4.49
4.5
4.51
4.52
4.53
4.54
4.55
4.56
4.57
4.58
4.59
4.6
4.61
4.62
4.63
4.64
4.65
4.66
4.67
4.68
4.69
4.7
4.71
4.72
4.73
4.74
4.75
4.76
4.77
4.78
4.79
4.8
4.81
4.82
4.83
4.84
4.85

1.0204E-05
9.3685E-06
8.5997E-06
7.8923E-06
7.2417E-06
6.6434E-06
6.0932E-06
5.5874E-06
5.1226E-06
4.6955E-06
4.3031E-06
3.9427E-06
3.6118E-06
3.3079E-06
3.029E-06
2.773E-06
2.5382E-06
2.3227E-06
2.1251E-06
1.944E-06
1.7779E-06
1.6256E-06
1.4861E-06
1.3583E-06
1.2412E-06
1.134E-06
1.0359E-06
9.46E-07
8.6376E-07
7.885E-07
7.1966E-07
6.5669E-07
5.991E-07
5.4646E-07
4.9834E-07
4.5436E-07
4.1418E-07
3.7748E-07
3.4396E-07
3.1335E-07
2.8541E-07
2.599E-07
2.3663E-07
2.1539E-07
1.9603E-07
1.7836E-07
1.6226E-07
1.4758E-07

Resposta 1

Resposta 2
a) Coluna M (delta = 0.1)
b) No. Podemos fazer um grfico do denominador neste intervalo.
c) Coluna P
d) Coluna Q (rea de trapzios): rea total no intervalo = 10.15
x

derivada

rea

-5.0 0.00789889
-4.9

ente 6x10 18 ons monovalentes.

e que 1 A = 1 C/s

-6.0
Series1

0.0087272

0.00828302 0.000831

-4.8 0.00965391
-4.7 0.01069264
-4.6 0.01185912
y

0.00926718 0.00175
0.01038724 0.002768
0.01166485 0.003895

-4.5 0.01317168
0.01312557 0.005147
4.5
-4.4 0.01465165
0.01479966 0.006538
4
-4.3 0.01632395
0.01672308 0.008087
3.5
-4.2 0.01821782
0.01893865 0.009814
3
-4.1 0.02036758
0.02149756 0.011743
2.5
-4 0.02281369
0.02446112 0.013902
2
-3.9 0.02560399
0.02790304 0.016323
1.5
-3.8 0.02879521
0.03191217 0.019043
1
-3.7 0.0324548
0.03659596 0.022106
0.5
-3.6 0.03666328
0.04208471 0.025561
0
-3.5 0.04151697
0.04853691 0.02947
-4.0
-2.0 0.04713155
0.0
2.0
4.0 0.0561458
6.0
-3.4
0.033903
-3.3 0.05364631
0.06514762 0.038942
-3.2 0.06122949
0.07583181 0.044686
Derivada
-3.1 0.07008484
0.08855355 0.051251
-3 0.08045977
0.10374927 0.058779
-2.9 0.09265531
0.12195535 0.067434
3
-2.8 0.10703837
0.14383062 0.077419
2
-2.7 0.12405662
0.1701825 0.088974
1
-2.6 0.14425626
0.20199644 0.102389
0
-2.5 0.16830295
0.24046684 0.118017
-6.0
-4.0-2.4 0.19700552
-2.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0 0.136283
0.28702571
-1
-2.3 0.23134169
0.34336176
0.1577
-2
-2.2 0.27248337
0.4114168 0.182891
-3
-2.1 0.32181717
0.49333796 0.212606
-4
-2 0.38095238
0.59135214 0.247745
-1.9 0.45170393
0.70751547 0.289378
-5
-1.8 0.5360318
0.84327868 0.338764
-1.7 0.63591299
0.99881199 0.397362
-1.6 0.75312007
1.17207074 0.466813
rea
-1.5 0.88888889
1.3576882 0.548914
-1.4 1.0434867
1.54597813 0.645533
12
-1.3 1.21574601
1.72259305 0.758494
10
-1.2 1.40270339
1.86957385 0.889417
-1.1 1.59953991
1.96836516 1.039529
8
-1
1.8
2.00460092 1.209506
6
-0.9 1.99732227
1.97322271 1.399372
-0.8 2.18548081
1.88158535 1.608512
4
-0.7 2.36034618
1.74865378 1.835803
2
-0.6 2.52037752
1.60031336 2.07984
-0.5 2.66666667
1.46289146 2.339192
0
-0.4
2.80242877
1.35762105
2.612647
-10.0
-5.0
0.0
5.0
10.0

300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0

-10.0

-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
-2.043E-14
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5

-5.0

2.93219673
3.06096952
3.19344537
3.33333333
3.48263853
3.6407767
3.8034046
3.96099939
4.09756098
4.19038583
4.21243258
4.1385653
3.95486376
3.66666667
3.2995452
2.8913672
2.48019139
2.09497207
1.75238095
1.45845906
1.21217144
1.00875393
0.84205461
0.70588235
0.59465011
0.5035995
0.42880899
0.3671072
0.31595577
0.2733331
0.23763147
0.20757116
0.1821311
0.16049383
0.14200219
0.12612558
0.11243354
0.10057523
0.09026327
0.08126117
0.07337343
0.06643763
0.06031832
0.05490196
0.05009306
0.04581094
0.04198719
0.03856355
0.03549029
0.03272474
0.03023024
0.02797512
0.02593198
0.02407705

0.0

5.0

1.29767958
1.28772786
1.32475857
1.39887961
1.49305196
1.58138169
1.62627902
1.5759479
1.36561585
0.92824856
0.2204675
-0.7386728
-1.8370154
-2.8819709
-3.6712147
-4.0817799
-4.1117581
-3.8521932
-3.4259111
-2.9392189
-2.4628762
-2.0341751
-1.6669932
-1.3617226
-1.1123224
-0.9105062
-0.7479051
-0.617018
-0.5115143
-0.4262266
-0.3570163
-0.3006031
-0.2544005
-0.2163728
-0.1849164
-0.1587661
-0.1369203
-0.1185831
-0.1031196
-0.0900209
-0.0788775
-0.0693579
-0.0611932
-0.0541636
-0.048089
-0.0428212
-0.0382376
-0.0342364
-0.0307326
-0.0276554
-0.0249451
-0.0225512
-0.0204314
-0.0185493

10.0

2.899378
3.199036
3.511757
3.838096
4.178894
4.535065
4.907274
5.295494
5.698423
6.11282
6.532961
6.950511
7.355182
7.736259
8.084569
8.394115
8.662693
8.891451
9.083819
9.244361
9.377892
9.488938
9.581479
9.658876
9.723902
9.778815
9.825435
9.865231
9.899384
9.928849
9.954397
9.976657
9.996142
10.01327
10.0284
10.0418
10.05373
10.06438
10.07392
10.0825
10.09023
10.09722
10.10356
10.10932
10.11457
10.11937
10.12376
10.12778
10.13149
10.1349
10.13805
10.14096
10.14365
10.14615

As respostas dos exerccios esto escondidas.

Esta planilha est protegida com senha.
Para ver as respostas, desproteger e mostrar as colunas.

dQ = i.dt
pA x ms = 10

-15

(unidades: pico = 10-12 e mili = 10=-3)

Olhando a resposta no final da coluna de rea: 250

Q = 250 10

-15

N = 250x3x10 ons Ca
N=

++

(divalente: metade do nmero de monov.)

750000 ions Ca

++

Nmol = 1.25E-18 mol

rea

300
250
200
150
100
50
0

0.0249975
0.099975
0.22488754
0.3996602
0.62418822
0.89833708
1.22194264
1.59481133
2.01672028
2.4874176
3.00662261
3.57402611
4.18929072
4.85205116
5.56191467
0 6.31846134
1
7.12124459
7.96979154
8.86360352
9.80215656
10.7849019
11.8112664
12.8806534
13.9924429
15.1459926
16.340638
17.5756936
18.850453
20.1641902
21.5161596
22.9055972
24.3317211
25.7937324
27.2908158
28.8221402
30.3868599
31.9841151
33.6130326

35.2727269
36.9623005
38.6808453
40.4274431
42.2011663
44.0010789
45.8262374
47.6756912
49.5484842
51.4436545
53.3602363
55.29726
57.2537535
59.2287424
61.2212515
63.2303049
65.2549274
67.2941449
69.3469852
71.4124787
73.4896595
75.5775657
77.6752403
79.7817319
81.8960954
84.0173926
86.144693
88.2770742
90.413623
92.5534353
94.6956172
96.8392858
98.9835689
101.127606
103.27055
105.411566
107.54983
109.684536
111.814889
113.94011
116.059434
118.172112
120.277411
122.374612
124.463016
126.541938
128.610709
130.66868
132.715218
134.749708
136.771551
138.780167
140.774997
142.755495
144.721138
146.671418
148.605847

150.523955
152.425292
154.309425
156.175939
158.02444
159.85455
161.66591
163.45818
165.231038
166.98418
168.717319
170.430187
172.122535
173.794127
175.444749
177.074202
178.682304
180.268889
181.83381
183.376932
184.898141
186.397334
187.874425
189.329345
190.762038
192.172461
193.560589
194.926407
196.269917
197.591131
198.890075
200.16679
201.421325
202.653745
203.864122
205.052544
206.219106
207.363916
208.487089
209.588754
210.669046
211.72811
212.7661
213.783178
214.779514
215.755287
216.71068
217.645885
218.561102
219.456535
220.332394
221.188895
222.02626
222.844715
223.64449
224.425821
225.188948

225.934111
226.661558
227.371538
228.064302
228.740105
229.399203
230.041855
230.668321
231.278862
231.873742
232.453223
233.01757
233.567048
234.101922
234.622457
235.128917
235.621568
236.100673
236.566495
237.019297
237.459338
237.886879
238.302179
238.705493
239.097077
239.477183
239.846063
240.203965
240.551136
240.88782
241.214257
241.530689
241.83735
242.134474
242.422292
242.701031
242.970917
243.23217
243.48501
243.729652
243.966307
244.195185
244.41649
244.630426
244.83719
245.036978
245.229982
245.416389
245.596386
245.770153
245.937868
246.099706
246.255838
246.406431
246.551649
246.691653
246.8266

246.956643
247.081933
247.202616
247.318837
247.430735
247.538447
247.642107
247.741845
247.837788
247.930061
248.018784
248.104074
248.186047
248.264815
248.340485
248.413164
248.482954
248.549956
248.614267
248.675982
248.735192
248.791986
248.846452
248.898673
248.948731
248.996705
249.042671
249.086705
249.128877
249.169259
249.207917
249.244918
249.280324
249.314197
249.346596
249.377579
249.407201
249.435516
249.462576
249.48843
249.513127
249.536714
249.559236
249.580736
249.601256
249.620837
249.639517
249.657335
249.674326
249.690525
249.705966
249.72068
249.734701
249.748056
249.760775
249.772886
249.784416

249.795389
249.80583
249.815764
249.825213
249.834198
249.84274
249.85086
249.858577
249.865909
249.872874
249.879489
249.88577
249.891733
249.897392
249.902762
249.907857
249.91269
249.917273
249.921618
249.925737
249.92964
249.933339
249.936843
249.940161
249.943303
249.946278
249.949094
249.951759
249.954279
249.956664
249.958919
249.961051
249.963067
249.964972
249.966772
249.968473
249.970079
249.971596
249.973028
249.974379
249.975655
249.976858
249.977994
249.979064
249.980074
249.981026
249.981923
249.982768
249.983565
249.984315
249.985022
249.985687
249.986313
249.986902
249.987457
249.987978
249.988469

249.98893
249.989364
249.989772
249.990155
249.990515
249.990853
249.991171
249.991469
249.991749
249.992012
249.992258
249.99249
249.992707
249.99291
249.993101
249.99328
249.993447
249.993604
249.993752
249.993889
249.994018
249.994139
249.994252
249.994358
249.994457
249.99455
249.994637
249.994718
249.994793
249.994864
249.99493
249.994992
249.99505
249.995104
249.995154
249.995201
249.995245
249.995286
249.995324
249.99536
249.995393
249.995424
249.995453
249.99548
249.995505
249.995528
249.99555
249.99557
249.995589
249.995606
249.995623
249.995638
249.995652
249.995665
249.995677
249.995689
249.995699

249.995709
249.995718
249.995727
249.995735
249.995742
249.995749
249.995755
249.995761
249.995766
249.995771
249.995776
249.99578
249.995784
249.995788
249.995791
249.995795
249.995798
249.9958
249.995803
249.995805
249.995807
249.995809
249.995811
249.995813
249.995814
249.995816
249.995817
249.995819
249.99582
249.995821
249.995822
249.995823
249.995824
249.995824
249.995825
249.995826
249.995826
249.995827
249.995827
249.995828
249.995828
249.995829
249.995829
249.995829
249.99583
249.99583
249.99583
249.995831
249.995831
249.995831
249.995831
249.995831
249.995831
249.995832
249.995832
249.995832
249.995832

249.995832
249.995832
249.995832
249.995832
249.995832
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833
249.995833 aproximadamente 250

esto escondidas.

oteger e mostrar as colunas.