COMPLEX NUMBERS

Exercise 2(A)

Q.1 (a)

Z1 Z2
Z1 Z2 Z1 Z1 Z2 Z 2 or
Z2 Z1
Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2

Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2
Z1 Z2
Hence is purely imaginary.
Z1 Z2

Q.2 (b)

| Z |n 2 Z2 | Z |n 2 Z | Z |n 0 | Z |n 2 Z 2 Z | Z |2 0,
hence | Z | 0 or Z2 Z | Z |2 0
x 2y 2 y 2x 1 i 0.
1
Hence x 2y 2 & y 0 given x .
2
Therefore x 0, y 0.
Hence one solution is possible as Z 0 if n 2.

Q.3 (b)

Let the root be yi, then Z 4 a1Z3 a 2 Z 2 a 3Z a 4 0 gives

y 4 a1i y3 a 2 y 2 a 3i y a 4 0 ... i
Also as the coefficients are real, hence yi must also be a root.
y 4 a1i y3 a 2 y 2 a 3i y a 4 0 ... ii
a3
Subtracting i from ii we get y 2
a1
Adding i & ii we get y 4 a 2 y 2 a 4 0
a 32 a 2 a 3 a aa
2
a 4 0 or 3 1 4 1.
a1 a1 a1a 2 a 2 a 3

Q.4 (b)
 2k 2k
2k cos i sin 1
1
A 1
i
n
A A 1
n
Ae n A or n n
2k 2k
e n
i
1 2 2 cos
n

k k
i sin
cos
Ai n n or A n i n cos k
k k
2sin 2n sin n
n n
k
Now i n cos k 2n sin n , therefore least value of n 6.
n

Q.5 (c)

Given Z1 Z12 3Z2 2 2 & Z2 3Z12 Z2 2 11.

Now Z1 Z12 3Z2 2 i Z2 3Z12 Z2 2 2 11i Z1 iZ2 2 11i ... i
3

& Z1 Z12 3Z2 2 i Z2 3Z12 Z2 2 2 11i Z1 iZ2 2 11i ... ii
3

Further Z1 iZ2 Z1 iZ2 125 or Z12 Z2 2 5.

3 3

Q.6 (b)

Let Z x iy, then 2Z 1 Z 2 2x 1 4y 2 x 2 y 2

2 2

or x 2 y 2 1.
Now Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2
Z1 Z2
Z1 Z2 2 or 2

Z1 Z2
Hence 2 Z.

Q.7 (c)
a 0 Zn a1Zn 1 a 2 Zn 2 . . . a n 3
n n 1 n 2
a 0 Z a1 Z a2 Z . . . an 3
n n 1 3 n 2
Z Z Z as a i 2 . . . 1
2
when Z 1, anyway the inequality holds so when Z 1, then LHS will be greatest as n .
1 3 1
Hence or Z .
1 Z 2 3

Q.8 (b)

1 1 1 1
Z Z Z Z
Z Z Z Z

1 1 1 8
Z Z So Z .
Z Z Z 3

Q.9 (c)

Zr r Zr r Zr r r or Zr 2r.
n
Hence Zr n n 1
r 1
n n n
Also Zr Zr , therefore Zr n n 1
r 1 r 1 r 1

Q.10 (d)

Refer the adjoining figure.

1
BOC BAC & CAD BAD CBD
2 3 6

BOD
3
Hence D is (-1, 0).
OD 2

Q.11 (c)
 at b b Zc
Z t
t c Za
b
Z
c
t 1 Zc b Z a or c . As c 1, hence locus will be a circle.
Za

Q.12 (a)

1 ak 1 a
Zk 1 a a 2 . . . a k 1 Zk or Zk k
1 a 1 a 1 a
1 a 1 1 1
Zk k . Hence Zk lies inside the circle Z .
1 a 1 a 1 a 1 a 1 a

Q.13 (b)

Z1 Z Z1 Z Z1 Z
e
2 i
& 3 e 2i 3 1
Z2 Z2 Z1 Z3 Z 2 Z2
2Z1Z2
or Z3 .
Z1 Z2

Q.14 (d)

1 1 1 2Z
Z Z i
or ei .
2 cos i sin 2e Z

Hence 2Z 1 Z . now let Z x iy, then 2x 1 4y 2 x 2 y 2 .

2

or 3x 2 3y2 4x 1 0.
Hence locus of Z is a circle with center at x axis.
Q.15 (d)
2k1
i
p th
roots of unity e p
for k1 1, 2,3,..., p 1&
2k 2
i
q th roots of unity e q
for k 2 1, 2,3,..., q 1
k1 k 2
Now let for some k1 , k 2 , then qk1 pk 2 .
p q

As p & q are distinct prime numbers hence the above conclusion is a contradiction.

Number of such {p, q} = 0.

Q.16 (d)
n 2k
Z 1 Z 1 i
1 e for k 1, 2,..., n 1.
n
Z Z
2k 2k
1 i sin
cos
1 n n
or Z or Z
2k 2k 2k
2
2 2k
cos 1 i sin
n n cos 1 sin
n n
2k
cos 1
1
Re Z n or Re Z
2k 2
2 2 cos
n
n 1
n 1
Hence Re Z .
k 1 2

Q.17 (c)
4
Z 1 Z 1 1 1 2i 1 2i
16 2, 2, 2i, 2i or Z ,1, & .
Z Z 3 5 5
Points representing these roots on argand plane are
1 1 2 1 2
A , 0 , B 1, 0 , C , & D , .
3 5 5 5 5
1
Point which is equidistant from these is , 0 .
3

Q.18 (a)
 Zn 1
Z 1 Z Z1 Z Z2 . . . Z Zn 1 Zn 1 Z Z1 Z Z2 . . . Z Zn 1
Z 1

or ln Z Z1 ln Z Z2 . . . ln Z Z n 1 ln Z n 1 ln Z 1
Differentiating w.r.to Z we get
1 1 1 n Zn 1 1
... n .
Z Z1 Z Z2 Z Zn 1 Z 1 Z 1
Substitute Z 3 gives
1 1 1 n 3n 1 1
... n .
3 Z1 3 Z2 3 Zn 1 3 1 2

Q.19 [d]

z3 2z2 + z 1 = 0 , ,

1
Let y
z 1

1 y
z
y

By theory of equations,
3 2
1 y 1 y 1 y 1 1 1
2 1 0 will have the roots , &
y y y 1 1 1

1 1 1
y3 y 1 0 , ,
1 1 1

1 1 1
Sum of roots 0
1 1 1

Required value
1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1 1
3
1 1 1

3 + 0 = 3.
Q.20 [b]

Point Q(z2) will be image of P (1 + i) in the line 3 4i z 3 4i z 1 0 , if

3 4i z 2 3 4i 1 i 1 0

3 4i 1 i 1 4 7i
z2
3 4i 5

Q.21 [a]

Let z = ib

z 2 3i z 4 i 4 z 1 2i
2 2 2

a 2 b 3 a 4 b 1 4 a 1 b 2
2 2 2 2 2 2

a 2 b 2 6a 12b 5 0

radius of circle 32 62 5 5 2

Q.22 [d]

1 2
2 1 1 2
3 2 2 2

C3 C3 C2

1 2
2 1 2
3 2 2

1 1
2 1 1
2

3 2 1

C2 C2 C3 C1
 1 1
2 1
3 1

Q.23 [d]

(1,1)z10 1,1
z 2
1, 1 z 0 1, 1

By geometry, one can observe that greatest value of z 1 i z 1 i will occur if z z 0

or z z10 .

Hence, maximum value will be

2+2=4

Q.24 [b]

ei cos i sin .(i)

e i cos i sin .(ii)

From (i) & (ii)

ei ei
cos
2

ei ei
sin
2i

ei e i
tan
i e i e i

tan i sin
e sin
esin
i e sin
esin

Hence, purely imaginary

Q.25 [a]

From Binomial Theorem, we know that

1 x n C0 n C1x n C2 x 2 ............. n Cn x n
n

Substituting x = 1,

2n n Co n C1 n C2 ............ ..(i)

Substituting x = 1

0 n C0 n C1 n C2 n C3 n C4 .......... ..(ii)

Adding (i) & (ii)

2n 1 n C0 n C2 n C4 n C6 .......... ..(iii)

Also, 1 ix n C0 n C1 ix n C2 x 2 n C3ix 3 n C4 x 4 n C5ix 5 ..........

n

Substituting x = 1

1 i n C0 n C2 n C4 n C6 ...... i n C1 n C3 n C5 n C7 ......
n

n i
2 e 4

n
n n
4
2 cos i2 2 sin
2
n C0 n C2 n C4 n C6 ....... i n C1 n C3 n C5 .......
2 4

Equating real parts of both sides,

n
n n
2 2 cos C0 n C 2 n C 4 n C6 (iv)
4

Adding (iii) & (iv), we get

n
n
2n 1 2 2 cos 2 n C0 n C4 n C8 n C12 ......
4

Substituting n = 20,

2 2 cos 5 20C0 20C4 20C8 20C12 20C16 20C 20

1 19 10
2
 29 29 1

Q.26

z 2 2z 4 0

2 4 16
z
2

1 3i or 1 3i

1 3
2 22 ,
2 2

60o
2, 0 60o 2, 0

1 3
2 2 2 ,
2 2

Required value =
2 2
2
4 1 1 1
2 2 2
2 2 1
2
2
2 3
4 ......
3 5 6

2 2
5

6

2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 ..........
2 2 2 2 2 2

(1 + 1 + 4) + (1 + 1 + 4) + ..

6 8 = 48

8 times repetition

Q.27 [b]

3 1 3 1
z1 i
2 2 2 2

cos 15o isin 15o

 cos 15o i sin 15o

z2 sin 15o i cos 15o

cos 90o 15o isin 90o 15o

z2
Bisector of the z 2 oz1
15o y x

O 0, 0
15o
X
z1

Q.28 [b]

i
2n 1 2n 3
zn e

n

2 2r 1 2r 3
1 1
i
z1z 2 z3 ...........zn e r1

1 1
i
2 3 2n 2
e

Limit z1z 2 z 3 ...........z n

n

i 2 13 2n13 i
Limit e
e 6 cos i sin
n 6 6

Q.29 [a]

OAP OQR

OR OP

OQ OA
Using concept of Rotation

Z 0 Z2 0 i
e .(i)
Z 0 z2 0

Z1 0 1 0 i
e .(ii)
Z1 0 OA

From eqn (i) & (ii)

Z Z Z ei
ei 2 2
OA OR OP OQ

Z Z1Z2

Q.30 [a]

A Z1

C Z3 D Z4

B Z2

We know that, if AB CB , then

Z1 Z2 Z1 Z2
0
Z3 Z4 Z3 Z4

Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4
0
Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4

1 2 0