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5 Implementando OSPF Single Area

Lab 5-1 OSPF rea nica

Objetivos

Os objetivos desta experincia so aprender e entender como


executar as seguintes operaes:

Configurar OSPF de rea nica

Configurar autenticao OSPF

Estabelecer relao entre vizinhos em redes de multi-acesso

Usar o OSPF para anunciar a mscara de subrede da rede que a


interface de loopback pertence

Alterar o custo OSPF das interfaces

Configurar uma interface como silent interface.

Visualizar o status do OSPF usando o comando display

Visualizar os vizinhos OSPF e usar o comando de depurao


(debug)
Topologia

Figura 2-1 OSPF rea nica

Cenrio

Assuma que voc um administrador de rede de uma companhia


que tem trs roteadores ARG3. Estes roteadores esto interconectados
atravs de Ethernet. Uma rede multi-acesso broadcast, como uma
Ethernet, tem ameaas de segurana. Assim sendo, uma autenticao
para a rea OSPF requerida para prevenir ataques de rotas maliciosas.
Um problema de conectividade de rede ocorre durante a implantao.
Voc deve corrigir a falha usando o comando display e debug, e
finalmente colocar a rede sem situao normal de operao.

Tarefas

Step 1Configurao bsica e endereamento IP

Configure os endereos IPs e mscaras de subrede para R1, R2, e R3.


Configure uma mscara de subrede de 24 bits para a interface de
loopback no objetivo de simular um segmento de rede independente.
<R1>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.123.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R1]interface LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]quit
<R2>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.123.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R2]interface LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.2.2 24
[R2-LoopBack0]quit

<R3>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.123.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R3]interface LoopBack 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.3.3 24
[R3-LoopBack0]quit

Verifique a conectividade entre os roteadores.


[R1]ping -c 1 10.0.123.2
PING 10.0.123.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=2 ms

--- 10.0.123.2 ping statistics ---


1 packet(s) transmitted
1 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 2/2/2 ms

[R1]ping -c 1 10.0.123.3
PING 10.0.123.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.123.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=2 ms

--- 10.0.123.3 ping statistics ---


1 packet(s) transmitted
1 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 2/2/2 ms

[R2]ping -c 1 10.0.123.3
PING 10.0.123.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.123.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=2 ms

--- 10.0.123.3 ping statistics ---


1 packet(s) transmitted
1 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 2/2/2 ms

Step 2 Configure o OSPF rea nica

Configure OSPF rea nica colocando todos os roteadores na rea


backbone (rea 0). Configure o processo OSPF como 1. Em adio,
configure autenticao de rea e defina a senha como huawei.
Dispostivos Huawei suportam autenticao de texto plano e MD5. Use
plain text.
Note que a mscara de wildcard 0.0.0.0 usada com o comando
network. Router IDs normalmente especificados usando o comando
router-id.
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.123.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode simple plain huawei

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2


[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.123.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.2.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode simple plain huawei

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3


[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.123.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.3.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode simple plain huawei

View the routing tables and test the connectivity of the entire network.
View the routing table of R1.
[R1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface


10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0
10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.123.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.123.3
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.123.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.123.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

R1 aprende duas rotas a partir do OSPF: 10.0.2.2/32 e 10.0.3.3/32. Os


endereos de prximo salto para se alcanar estas duas rotas so
10.0.123.2 e 10.0.123.3, respectivamente.
Verifique se os endereos de loopback configurados em R2 e R3
esto acessveis a partir do R1.
[R1]ping -c 1 10.0.2.2
PING 10.0.2.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=3 ms

--- 10.0.2.2 ping statistics ---


1 packet(s) transmitted
1 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 3/3/3 ms

[R1]ping -c 1 10.0.3.3
PING 10.0.3.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=2 ms

--- 10.0.3.3 ping statistics ---


1 packet(s) transmitted
1 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 2/2/2 ms

Execute o comando display ospf brief para ver informaes bsicas


do OSPF
[R1]display ospf brief

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1


OSPF Protocol Information

RouterID: 10.0.1.1 Border Router:


Multi-VPN-Instance is not enabled
Global DS-TE Mode: Non-Standard IETF Mode
Graceful-restart capability: disabled
Helper support capability : not configured
Spf-schedule-interval: max 10000ms, start 500ms, hold 1000ms
Default ASE parameters: Metric: 1 Tag: 1 Type: 2
Route Preference: 10
ASE Route Preference: 150
SPF Computation Count: 18
RFC 1583 Compatible
Retransmission limitation is disabled
Area Count: 1 Nssa Area Count: 0
ExChange/Loading Neighbors: 0

Area: 0.0.0.0
Authtype: Simple Area flag: Normal
SPF scheduled Count: 18
ExChange/Loading Neighbors: 0

Interface: 10.0.123.1 (GigabitEthernet0/0/0)


Cost: 1 State: DROther Type: Broadcast MTU: 1500
Priority: 1
Designated Router: 10.0.123.2
Backup Designated Router: 10.0.123.3
Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll 120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1

Interface: 10.0.1.1 (LoopBack0)


Cost: 0 State: P-2-P Type: P2P MTU: 1500
Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll 120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1

As informaes anteriores mostram que o mtodo de aunteticao


usado na rea 0 simple text (Authtype: Simple) e duas interfaces
executam OSPF: GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 and LoopBack 0.
GigabitEthernet 0/0/0: o tipo de rede broadcast, o custo 1, e a
prioridade 1. O R1 DROther. A informao sobre o DR (10.0.123.2) e
BDR (10.0.123.3) tambm mostrada.
O tipo de rede da LoopBack 0 is P2P (point-to-point).
Execute o comando display ospf peer brief para visualizar o
relacionamento entre os roteadores que so vizinhos OSPF.
[R1]display ospf peer brief

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1


Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.0.2.2 Full
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 10.0.3.3 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

A informao anterior mostra que R1 tem dois vizinhos na rea


0.0.0.0. Os IDs dos dois vizinhos so 10.0.2.2 e 10.0.3.3. Os dois vizinhos
esto com status Full state, significando que um relacionamento de
adjacncia foi estabelecido (vizinhos sincronizaram base de dados).
Execute o comando display ospf lsdb para visualizar o banco de
dados de estado de enlace (LSDB) do roteador R1.
[R1]dis ospf lsdb

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1


Link State Database

Area: 0.0.0.0
Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric
Router 10.0.3.3 10.0.3.3 98 48 80000011 1
Router 10.0.2.2 10.0.2.2 98 48 80000016
1
Router 10.0.1.1 10.0.1.1 96 48 80000013 1
Network 10.0.123.2 10.0.2.2 99 36 8000000F
0

Existem quatro anncios de estado de enlace (LSA), sendo que os trs


primeiros so do tipo 1, sendo gerados respectivamente por R1, R2 e R3.
O campo AdvRouter indica qual roteador que gerou um LSA especfico.
O quarto LSA do tipo 2 (Network-LSA) e gerado pelo DR. R2 o DR
no segmento de rede 10.0.123.0/24, assim sendo, o valor do campo
AdvRouter deste LSA 10.0.2.2.
Visualize detalhes de LSA gerador por R1.
[R1]display ospf lsdb router self-originate

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1


Area: 0.0.0.0
Link State Database

Type : Router
Ls id : 10.0.1.1
Adv rtr : 10.0.1.1
Ls age : 680
Len : 48
Options : E
seq# : 80000013
chksum : 0x7787
Link count: 2
* Link ID: 10.0.123.2
Data : 10.0.123.1
Link Type: TransNet
Metric : 1
* Link ID: 10.0.1.1
Data : 255.255.255.255
Link Type: StubNet
Metric : 0
Priority : Medium
O LSA gerado por R1 descreve dois segmentos de rede. O primeiro
segmento de rede interconecta os trs roteadores. O valor do Link Type
TransNet, o valor do Link ID o endereo IP da interface do DR
(10.0.123.2), o valor do Data o endereo IP da interface local neste
segmento de rede (10.0.123.1). O segundo segmento de rede o
segmento que a interface de loopback reside. O valor do Link Type
StubNet, e os valores do Link ID e Data o endereo IP e mscara de
subrede, respectivamente, do segmento de rede.
Visualize detalhes do LSA gerado por R2.
[R2]dis ospf lsdb network self-originate

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.2.2


Area: 0.0.0.0
Link State Database

Type : Network
Ls id : 10.0.123.2
Adv rtr : 10.0.2.2
Ls age : 1369
Len : 36
Options : E
seq# : 8000000f
chksum : 0xa7e
Net mask : 255.255.255.0
Priority : Low
Attached Router 10.0.2.2
Attached Router 10.0.1.1
Attached Router 10.0.3.3
O LSA de tipo 2 descreve informao de relacionamento de vizinho
do segmento de rede onde o DR reside.

Step 3 Como os roteadores estabelecem relacionamento

entre vizinhos em uma rede Ethernet

No segmento de rede 10.0.123.0/24, observe e analise como o DR e


BDR so eleitos, e verifique se os mesmos roteadores so eleitos como
DR e BDR quando outros so retirados do experimento.
[R1]display ospf peer

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1


Neighbors

Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.0.123.1(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)'s neighbors


Router ID: 10.0.2.2 Address: 10.0.123.2
State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 1
DR: 10.0.123.2 BDR: 10.0.123.3 MTU: 0
Dead timer due in 40 sec
Retrans timer interval: 5
Neighbor is up for 00:32:27
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

Router ID: 10.0.3.3 Address: 10.0.123.3


State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 1
DR: 10.0.123.2 BDR: 10.0.123.3 MTU: 0
Dead timer due in 33 sec
Retrans timer interval: 3
Neighbor is up for 00:32:28
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
A informao acima mostra que o endereo IP da interface do DR
10.0.123.2 neste segmento de rede e o endereo de interface do BDR
10.0.123.3.
O DR e BDR eleitos podem ser diferentes quando engenheiros
diferentes realizam a experincia. Isto porque o DR no preterido no
OSPF. Em outras palavras, quando um DR ou BDR existe na rede, um
roteador recm-implantado no pode ser eleito como o DR ou BDR. Em
uma rede, o roteador que primeiro comea o processo OSPF ou se
conecta rede o DR no segmento de rede correspondente, e outros
so o BDR e roteadores DROther. Quando o DR falha, o BDR assume as
funes. No experimento, reinicie o processo OSPF para ver como os
papis dos roteadores mudam.
Reinicie o processo OSPF no R2.
<R2>reset ospf process
Warning: The OSPF process will be reset. Continue? [Y/N]:y

[R2]display ospf peer

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.2.2


Neighbors

Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.0.123.2(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)'s neighbors


Router ID: 10.0.1.1 Address: 10.0.123.1
State: Full Mode:Nbr is Slave Priority: 1
DR: 10.0.123.3 BDR: 10.0.123.1 MTU: 0
Dead timer due in 33 sec
Retrans timer interval: 4
Neighbor is up for 00:00:35
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

Router ID: 10.0.3.3 Address: 10.0.123.3


State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 1
DR: 10.0.123.3 BDR: 10.0.123.1 MTU: 0
Dead timer due in 33 sec
Retrans timer interval: 5
Neighbor is up for 00:00:35
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]

Aps o processo ser reiniciado no R2, o BDR (10.0.123.3) neste


segmento de rede se tornou o novo DR e o roteador DROther
(10.0.123.1) se tornou o novo BDR.
Desative a G0/0/0 no R1, R2, e R3, e execute o comando debugging
ospf 1 event para ver o processo de estabelecimento de vizinhana e
adjacncia. Ento ative estas interfaces no R1, R2, e R3, ao mesmo tempo,
se possvel. Observe como o status dos vizinhos mudam em uma rede
broacast multi-acesso e como o DR e BDR so eleitos.
<R1>debugging ospf 1 event
<R1>terminal debugging
[R1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]shut
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shut
Execute as mesmas operaes no R2 e R3 A prioridade padro de
todas as interfaces 1. O ID do roteador usado durante a eleio. O R3
tem o maior router ID do segmento de rede e por isso se torna o DR.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shutdown
Nov 22 2011 18:41:50.990.3+00:00 R3 RM/6/RMDEBUG:
FileID: 0xd017802c Line: 1268 Level: 0x20
OSPF 1: Intf 10.0.123.3 Rcv InterfaceUp State Down -> Waiting.
Nov 22 2011 18:41:50.990.4+00:00 R3 RM/6/RMDEBUG:
FileID: 0xd017802c Line: 1382 Level: 0x20
OSPF 1 Send Hello Interface Up on 10.0.123.3
Nov 22 2011 18:41:57.470.1+00:00 R3 RM/6/RMDEBUG:
FileID: 0xd017802d Line: 1132 Level: 0x20
OSPF 1: Nbr 10.0.123.1 Rcv HelloReceived State Down -> Init.
Nov 22 2011 18:41:57.480.1+00:00 R3 RM/6/RMDEBUG:
FileID: 0xd017802d Line: 1728 Level: 0x20
OSPF 1: Nbr 10.0.123.1 Rcv 2WayReceived State Init -> 2Way.
Nov 22 2011 18:41:59.510.3+00:00 R3 RM/6/RMDEBUG:
FileID: 0xd017802d Line: 1132 Level: 0x20
OSPF 1: Nbr 10.0.123.2 Rcv HelloReceived State Down -> Init.
Nov 22 2011 18:41:59.510.4+00:00 R3 RM/6/RMDEBUG:
FileID: 0xd017802d Line: 1728 Level: 0x20
OSPF 1: Nbr 10.0.123.2 Rcv 2WayReceived State Init -> 2Way.
Nov 22 2011 18:42:28.350.4+00:00 R3 RM/6/RMDEBUG:
FileID: 0xd017802d Line: 1728 Level: 0x20
OSPF 1: Nbr 10.0.123.1 Rcv AdjOk? State 2Way -> ExStart.
Nov 22 2011 18:42:28.350.5+00:00 R3 RM/6/RMDEBUG:
FileID: 0xd017802d Line: 1728 Level: 0x20
OSPF 1: Nbr 10.0.123.2 Rcv AdjOk? State 2Way -> ExStart.
Nov 22 2011 18:42:28.350.6+00:00 R3 RM/6/RMDEBUG:
FileID: 0xd017802c Line: 2045 Level: 0x20
OSPF 1 Send Hello Interface State Changed on 10.0.123.3
Nov 22 2011 18:42:28.350.7+00:00 R3 RM/6/RMDEBUG:
FileID: 0xd017802c Line: 2056 Level: 0x20
OSPF 1: Intf 10.0.123.3 Rcv WaitTimer State Waiting -> DR.

Aps a interface G0/0/0 ser ativada, seu status muda de Down para
Waiting. Ento os roteadores iniciam a troca de pacotes Hello. Aps cerca
de 40 segundos, o status da interface G0/0/0 muda de Waiting para DR.

Step 4 Configure o tipo de rede da interface loopback.

Observe as rotas 10.0.2.2/32 e 10.0.3.3/32 na tabela de roteamento de


R1.
[R1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0


10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.123.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.123.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.123.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.123.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

A mscara de subrede das interfaces de loopback de R2 e R3 contm


24 bits. Analise porque a mscara de subrede na tabela de roteamento
contm 32 bits.
Execute o comando display ospf interface LoopBack 0 verbose para
visualizar o status da interface de loopback 0.
[R1]display ospf interface LoopBack 0 verbose

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1


Interfaces

Interface: 10.0.1.1 (LoopBack0)


Cost: 0 State: P-2-P Type: P2P MTU: 1500
Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll 120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1
IO Statistics
Type Input Output
Hello 0 0
DB Description 0 0
Link-State Req 0 0
Link-State Update 0 0
Link-State Ack 0 0
ALLSPF GROUP
OpaqueId: 0 PrevState: Down

OSPF aprende que o segmento de rede onde a loopback0 reside tem


somente um endereo IP. Portanto, a mscara de subrede da rota
anunciada contm 32 bits.
Mude o tipo de rede da loopback 0 no R2 para broadcast. No OSPF,
uma mscara de subrede de 24 bits usada para anunciar informao de
rede sobre esta interface.
[R2]interface LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast
No R1, a mscara de subrede anunciada por R contm 24 bits.
[R1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0


10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.2.0/24 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.123.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.123.3
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.123.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.123.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
Execute o comando display ospf interface LoopBack 0 verbose para
visualizar o status da interface de loopback. A sada do comando mostra
que o tipo de rede desta interface broadcast.
[R2]display ospf interface LoopBack 0 verbose

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.2.2


Interfaces

Interface: 10.0.2.2 (LoopBack0)


Cost: 0 State: DR Type: Broadcast MTU: 1500
Priority: 1
Designated Router: 10.0.2.2
Backup Designated Router: 0.0.0.0
Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll 120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1
IO Statistics
Type Input Output
Hello 0 0
DB Description 0 0
Link-State Req 0 0
Link-State Update 0 0
Link-State Ack 0 0
ALLSPF GROUP
ALLDR GROUP
OpaqueId: 0 PrevState: Waiting

Step 5 Mudando o custo OSPF das interfaces

NoR1, visualize o custo da rota para loopback 0 do R3. O valor do


custo da rota para 10.0.3.3/32 1.
[R1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0


10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.2.0/24 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.123.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.0.123.3
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.123.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.123.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
Mude o custo da G0/0/0 do R1 para 20 e do R3 para 10.
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf cost 20

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0


[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf cost 10

No R1, visualize o custo da rota para a loopback 0 do R3. O custo da


rota para 10.0.3.3/32 20.
[R1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0


10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.2.0/24 OSPF 10 20 D 10.0.123.2
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.3/32 OSPF 10 20 D 10.0.123.3
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.123.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.123.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

No R3, visualize o custo da rota para 10.0.1.1/32. O comando mostra


que o custo 10.
[R3]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.1/32 OSPF 10 10 D 10.0.123.1


GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.2.0/24 OSPF 10 10 D 10.0.123.2
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.3.3 LoopBack0
10.0.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.3.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.123.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.123.3
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.123.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

Diferentes valores de custo podem ser configurados nos dois lados de


um. O valor de custo de um link afeta somente os dispositivos locais.

Step 6 Configure OSPF silent interfaces.

Configure G0/0/0 do R1 como uma silent interface.


[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Observe o relacionamento de vizinhos e aprendizagem de rotas no
R1. visto que rotas aprendidas a partir do OSPF no existem na tabela
de roteamento.
[R1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0


10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.123.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.123.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.123.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

Visualize a lista de vizinhos de R1. O relacionamento entre R1 e R2 e


R1 e R3 est interrompido.
No RIP, uma interface no envia mais mensagens de atualizao aps
ser configurada como uma silent interface. No OSPF, roteadores trocam
informao de roteamento somente aps estabelecer adjacncia. Aps
uma interface ser configurada como silent interface, no sero mais
enviados e recebidos pacote Hello, impedindo o estabelecimento de
vizinhana.
[R1]display ospf interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1


Interfaces

Interface: 10.0.123.1 (GigabitEthernet0/0/0)


Cost: 20 State: DR Type: Broadcast MTU: 1500
Priority: 10
Designated Router: 10.0.123.1
Backup Designated Router: 0.0.0.0
Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll 120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1
Silent interface, No hellos

Execute o comando debugging ip packet para ver os pacotes


recebido pelo R1. visto que o R1 descarta um pacote OSPF aps
receb-lo (protocol = 89).
<R1>debugging ip packet
Nov 23 2011 09:51:53.500.1+00:00 R1 IP/7/debug_case:
Receiving, interface = GE0/0/0, version = 4, headlen = 20, tos = 192,
pktlen = 68, pktid = 7272, offset = 0, ttl = 1, protocol = 89,
checksum = 14129, s = 10.0.123.3, d = 224.0.0.5
prompt: Receiving IP packet from GE0/0/0

Nov 23 2011 09:51:53.500.2+00:00 R1 IP/7/debug_case:


Receiving, interface = GigabitEthernet0/0/0, version = 4, headlen = 20, tos =
192,
pktlen = 68, pktid = 7272, offset = 0, ttl = 1, protocol = 89,
checksum = 14129, s = 10.0.123.3, d = 224.0.0.5
prompt: IP_ProcessByBoard Begin!

Nov 23 2011 09:51:53.500.3+00:00 R1 IP/7/debug_case:


Discarding, interface = GE0/0/0, version = 4, headlen = 20, tos = 192,
pktlen = 68, pktid = 7272, offset = 0, ttl = 1, protocol = 89,
checksum = 14129, s = 10.0.123.3, d = 224.0.0.5
prompt: IP_Distribute: The packet was dropped by security application.

Restaure a G0/0/0 do R1 para o padro e configure a LoopBack 0


como silent interface em todos os roteadores.
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
[R1-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0

[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0

Verifique a tabela de roteamento do R1.


[R1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0


10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.2.2/24 OSPF 10 20 D 10.0.123.2
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.3/32 OSPF 10 20 D 10.0.123.3
GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.123.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.123.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
10.0.123.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

A sada anterior mostra que informaes sobre a interface de


loopback 0 podem ainda serem anunciadas.

Configuraes Finais
<R1>display current-configuration
[V200R001C00SPC200]
#
sysname R1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.0.123.1 255.255.255.0
ospf cost 20
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1
silent-interface LoopBack0
area 0.0.0.0
authentication-mode simple plain huawei
network 10.0.123.1 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0
#
return

<R2>display current-configuration
[V200R001C00SPC200]
#
sysname R2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.0.123.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.0
ospf network-type broadcast
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2
silent-interface LoopBack0
area 0.0.0.0
authentication-mode simple plain huawei
network 10.0.123.2 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.2.2 0.0.0.0
#
return

<R3>display current-configuration
[V200R001C00SPC200]
#
sysname R3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.0.123.3 255.255.255.0
ospf cost 10
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.0
#
ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3
silent-interface LoopBack0
area 0.0.0.0
authentication-mode simple plain huawei
network 10.0.123.3 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.3.3 0.0.0.0
#
Return

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