Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Anemia Falciforme
Santo André
2010
Camila Castro Alves
Anemia Falciforme
Orientador: Genoilson
Santo André
2010
Resumo
Blood is a liquid substance that circulates through the arteries and veins of our
body. It’s brilliant red because of the hemoglobin (your function is to transport oxygen
throughout the body and it's essential to health of all organs of the body) that is made
by a red pigment called haem. When there are a few hemoglobins in the blood
causes anemia. It’s a deficiency that has causes hereditary or acquired, but it’s
always associated with the production or lost of red blood cells. Between the
acquired anemias are those, that happen because of the bleeding or iron deficiency,
but between the hereditaries that are most frequent and require more care are
thalassemia and sickle cell anemia, for that happen the mother and the father need
to have the anemia to transmit the defective gene.
Sickle cell disease probably came from Africa millions of years ago. It is
characterized by the change of red blood cells that become like a scythe, so it's
harder the circulation of blood in small vessels of the body, it causes lesions in
affected organs and the principal symptoms are a lot of pain made by the blockage
of blood flow and lack of oxygen in tissues, joint pain, fatigue, pallor destruction of
blood cells, yellow eyes and anemia. Everything happens because there is a little
change of chromosome 11 that has a gene and it determines the characteristic of
our red blood cells.
There isn't a specific treatment, so the best way for the patients be better is in
preventive and nutritional guidelines. Folic acid must be prescribed principally in
development stage and in some cases that aliment has iron, this aliment should be
limited because the body can have a large stockpile of iron; With the dehydration is
easier to has the disease, so the patients should avoid high altitudes and fluid loss.
1. Introdução..........................................................................................................6
2. Revisão Literária................................................................................................8
2.1. O Sangue................................................................................................8
2.1.A. Hemoglobina.....................................................................................8
2.2. Anemia....................................................................................................8
2.2.B. Surgimento........................................................................................9
2.2.C. Causas..............................................................................................9
2.2.D. Sintomas..........................................................................................10
2.2.E. Tratamento......................................................................................11
3. Materiais e Métodos........................................................................................15
4. Conclusão........................................................................................................16
5. Bibliografia.......................................................................................................17
Introdução
1ºfolha numerada
2.1 O SANGUE
2.1.1 HEMOGLOBINA
2.2 ANEMIA
2.2.2 SURGIMENTO
2.2.3 CAUSAS
A causa da anemia falciforme é causada pela alteração do cromossomo 11. O
cromossomo é uma seqüência de DNA composto por vários genes que determinam
as nossas características. O ser humano possui 46 cromossomos, 23 de cada um
dos pais. O gene que determina a característica das nossas hemácias fica em uma
parte do cromossomo 11. Para que haja a anemia falciforme é necessário que a
mãe e o pai tenham e transmitam o gene defeituoso. Quando se recebe o gene
defeituoso só de um dos pais, chamamos essa pessoa de portadora de traço
falciforme. É um carreador assintomático do gene. (2010, Dr. Pedro Pinheiro)
2.2.4 SINTOMAS
Icterícia (cor amarela nos olhos e pele): é o sinal mais freqüente da doença. O
quadro não é contagioso e não deve ser confundido com hepatite. Quando o glóbulo
vermelho se rompe, aparece um pigmento amarelo no sangue que se chama
bilirrubina, fazendo com que o branco dos olhos e a pele fiquem amarelos.
2.2.5 TRATAMENTO
2º caso - Pai com doença falciforme e mãe com traço (sadia mas portadora do gene)
r = gene alterado, R= gene normal
3. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS
Normas da ABNT