4

EVOLUÇÃO
 Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte
Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

98
 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania

Evolução
      

101100 101111
101011 101111
101100 101100
101000 101100

1
0 10
0
10 1 1 1
0 0

10
0

0
1

1 1
7(;72±/LQKDGR7HPSR
500 anos

GLOBALIZAÇÃO
Os europeus buscam novas terras.
A esquadra de Colombo chega à
FORMATIVO OU AGRICULTOR

América em 1492 e a de Cabral,ao

Brasil em 1500.
2 mil anos

TECNOLOGIA
Sociedades seminômades
aprimoram técnicas de caça, pesca e

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
moradia, como os povos dos
sambaquis.
4 mil anos

SEDENTARISMO
A agricultura se desenvolve, e os
territórios são ocupados com obras
como estradas e barragens.
5 mil anos

ESCRITA
A escrita surge na China, com
símbolos pictóricos; no Egito, com os
hieróglifos; e, na Mesopotâmia, em
forma cuneiforme.
METAIS
7 mil anos

A técnica da metalurgia com ferro e

bronze é usada, por exemplo, para
conter enchentes entre o povo
mesopotâmico.
NEOLÍTICO

ERA GLACIAL
ARCAICO
9 mil anos

O frio em áreas de glaciações leva o

homem a se refugiar em cavernas e
a usar o fogo para obter
aquecimento e luz.
ARTE
11 mil anos

O homem domestica animais e

desenvolve a agricultura. Também
produz peças com preocupação
estética, como a cerâmica.
11,5 mil anos

ANIMAIS
Nômades dividem espaço com
grandes animais. Onde hoje é Minas
Gerais viveu a mulher chamada por
estudiosos de Luzia.
MESOLÍTICO

CAÇA E FOGO
12 mil anos

Adaptado à natureza, o homem

usa o fogo para espantar animais.
É coletor e caçador e fabrica
objetos de pedra lascada.
PALEOÍNDIO

FOGO
40 mil anos

Vive onde hoje é o Piauí, e lá acende

fogueiras, o “homem de Pedra
Furada”, o mais antigo das Américas.

DUAS PERNAS
200 mil anos

Europa, Ásia e África

A espécie humana está desenvol-

vida. O Homo sapiens arcaico
adquire posição ereta e usa as
mãos para produzir ferramentas.
PALEOLÍTICO

*Datação antes do presente

ANCESTRAIS
Brasil e Américas

Vive o homem de Toumai, a mais

7 milhões*

antiga espécie anterior à humana,

encontrada no deserto do Chade, na
África Central.
Arte: Matheus Dutra Milagre. Texto e Pesquisa: http://revistaescola.abril.com.br acesso em 16/5/2008.
99

 Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte
Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

100
 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania

Evolução

*ORVViULR

&LEHUQpWLFD±FLrQFLDTXHWHPSRUREMHWRRHVWXGRFRPSDUDWLYRGRVVLVWHPDVHPHFDQLVPRGHFRQWUROHDXWRPiWLFR
UHJXODomRHFRPXQLFDomRQRVVHUHVYLYRVHQDVPiTXLQDV
&ORQDJHP±SURGXomRGHFpOXODVRXLQGLYtGXRVJHQHWLFDPHQWHLGrQWLFRV
&yGLJRJHQpWLFR±WDPEpPFKDPDGRGH³FyGLJRGDYLGD´pRFRQMXQWRGHLQVWUXo}HVLQVFULWRQRPDWHULDOJHQpWLFR
DSDUWLUGRTXDOXPVHUDRVHUHSURGX]LUWUDQVPLWHDVHXVGHVFHQGHQWHVDVLQIRUPDo}HVGDVXDHVSpFLH+HUGD
PRVGRVQRVVRVSDLVWRGDVDVLQVWUXo}HVJHQpWLFDVQHFHVViULDVSDUDRUJDQL]DUQRVVRFRUSRFRQIRUPHRVSDGU}HV
WtSLFRVGHQRVVDHVSpFLH
'1$±pDDEUHYLDWXUDGRLQJOrVGHVR[LUULERQQXFOHLFDFLGTXHVLJQL¿FDiFLGRGHVR[LUULERQXFOpLFR2VJHQHV±TXH
VmRDVLQIRUPDo}HVKHUHGLWiULDVSDVVDGDVGHJHUDomRDJHUDomR±VmRFRQVWLWXtGRVSRUHVVHiFLGR
0LWRF{QGULD ± WDPEpP FKDPDGDV GH RUJDQHODV FLWRSODVPiWLFDV VmR DV SDUWHV GDV FpOXODV UHVSRQViYHLV SHOD
UHVSLUDomRFHOXODU
'1$PLWRFRQGULDO±pRPDWHULDOJHQpWLFRGDVPLWRF{QGULDV
3URFHVVRV FRJQLWLYRV ± SURFHVVRV PHQWDLV GH SHUFHSomR PHPyULD MXt]R RX UDFLRFtQLR HQYROYLGRV QR DWR GH

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
FRQKHFHURXGHDSUHQGHU

7(;72±5HSRUWDJHP

$QWURSRORJLD

&2021266$(63e&,(48$6('(6$3$5(&(8
+iDQRVR+RPRVDSLHQVHVWHYHDPHDoDGRGHH[WLQomR
(VWXGRPRVWUDFRPRYLYtDPRVQHVVHSHUtRGR
9DQHVVD9LHLUDH5REHUWDGH$EUHX/LPD

1XPPXQGRFRPPDLVGHELOK}HVGHKDELWDQWHVHPTXHVHFRQTXLVWDUDPSDGU}HVGHEHPHVWDU
LQpGLWRVQDKLVWyULD¿FDGLItFLOLPDJLQDUTXHRVHUKXPDQRMiHVWHYHjEHLUDGDH[WLQomR$FRQWHFHXKiFHUFD
GHDQRVTXDQGRDSRSXODomRGH+RPRVDSLHQVVHUHGX]LXGUDVWLFDPHQWHFDLQGRGHPLOSHVVRDV
SDUDDSHQDVPLO7RGDVYLYLDPQDÈIULFDEHUoRGHQRVVDHVSpFLH$UHGXomRGDSRSXODomRVHGHXGXUDQWH
XPDORQJDVHFDTXHVHDEDWHXVREUHDÈIULFDHQWUHHDQRVDWUiVWUDQVIRUPDQGRODJRVHÀR
UHVWDVHPGHVHUWRVHGL]LPDQGRSHODIRPHSRSXODo}HVGHFDoDGRUHVFROHWRUHV&DVRHVVHVPLODQFHVWUDLV
GRKRPHPPRGHUQRQmRWLYHVVHPUHVLVWLGRjVFRQGLo}HVGHSHQ~ULDHPTXHYLYLDPDKXPDQLGDGHWHULDVLGR
ULVFDGDGRPDSD(YLGHQWHPHQWHHOHVUHVLVWLUDP0LJUDUDPGDÈIULFDSDUDRXWURVFRQWLQHQWHVHDWUDYpVGH
GLIHUHQWHV PXWDo}HV JHQpWLFDV VH UDPL¿FDUDP QDV HWQLDV TXH SRYRDUDP R PXQGR$ JrQHVH GD HVSpFLH
KXPDQDORFDOL]DGDQDÈIULFDHVXDPLJUDomRSDUDRXWURVFRQWLQHQWHVVmRKRMHWHVHVDPSODPHQWHDFHLWDV
SHODSDOHRDQWURSRORJLD3RXFRVHVDEHDLQGDQRHQWDQWRVREUHDYLGDGHQRVVRVDQFHVWUDLVQRSHUtRGRHP
TXHHOHVSHUPDQHFHUDPQDÈIULFD$DPHDoDGHH[WLQomRSHODJUDQGHVHFDpXPGRVHSLVyGLRVUHYHODGRV
UHFHQWHPHQWHSRUYiULDVSHVTXLVDV2XWURVDVSHFWRVGDYLGDGR+RPRVDSLHQVDQWHVGDGLiVSRUDYLHUDPj
WRQDQXPHVWXGRSXEOLFDGRQDVHPDQDSDVVDGDQR$PHULFDQ-RXUQDORI+XPDQ*HQHWLFVHFRQGX]LGRSHOD
1DWLRQDO*HRJUDSKLF6RFLHW\
$SHVTXLVDPRVWUDTXHGXUDQWHDQRV±RXVHMDPHWDGHGHVXDH[LVWrQFLD±R+RPRVDSLHQV
YLYHXHPSHTXHQRVJUXSRVHVSDOKDGRVSHODÈIULFDOXWDQGRFRQWUDDVFRQGLo}HVFOLPiWLFDVDGYHUVDV
(VVHVJUXSRVYDJDYDPSHORWHUULWyULRDIULFDQRHPEXVFDGHiJXDHFRPLGDFDGDYH]PDLVHVFDVVDV
DWpTXHDKXPDQLGDGHIRLUHGX]LGDDSHVVRDV6yDSyVDJUDQGHVHFDDPDLQDUDSRSXODomRFRPHoRX
DDXPHQWDU
1HVVDpSRFDKDYLDUDPL¿FDo}HVJHQpWLFDVGH+RPRVDSLHQVQDÈIULFDGDVTXDLVGXDVPLJUDUDP
SDUDRXWURVFRQWLQHQWHVHGHUDPRULJHPDWRGRVRVRXWURVSRYRV$SHQDVDQRVGHSRLVRVSRYRVTXH
¿FDUDPHPWHUULWyULRDIULFDQRSDVVDUDPDHVWDEHOHFHUFRQWDWRHQWUHVL³'LDQWHGDVHYLGrQFLDVKLVWyULFDVTXH
VXJHUHPFRQGLo}HVFOLPiWLFDVGLItFHLVVXSRPRVTXHIRLDEXVFDSRUPHOKRUHVORFDLVSDUDVREUHYLYHUTXH
PRWLYRXDVPLJUDo}HVGR+RPRVDSLHQV´GLVVHj9(-$'RURQ%HKDUPpGLFRHVSHFLDOLVWDHPJHQpWLFDGH
SRSXODo}HVGR5DPEDP0HGLFDO&HQWHUGH,VUDHOFRRUGHQDGRUGRHVWXGRGD1DWLRQDO*HRJUDSKLF
3DUDFKHJDUDHVVDVFRQFOXV}HVDSHVTXLVDGD1DWLRQDO*HRJUDSKLFH[DPLQRXDPRVWUDVGR'1$

101

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte

Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

PLWRFRQGULDOGHKDELWDQWHVGDÈIULFDHPHVSHFLDOGRVSRYRVNKRL
HVDQFKDPDGRVGHERVTXtPDQRVTXHYLYHPQRVXOGRFRQWLQHQWH
(P JUDQGH SDUWH HVVHV SRYRV VmR DLQGD FDoDGRUHVFROHWRUHV ±
YLYHP FRPR QD HUD DQWHULRU j GR VXUJLPHQWR GD DJULFXOWXUD 2V
DQWURSyORJRVFRQVLGHUDPTXHHOHVVHMDPUHPDQHVFHQWHVGHXPD

)RWRV$QGUHDV.XHKQ3DWULFLDGH/D5RVD+XJK6LWWRQ*HWW\,PDJHV
SULPHLUD GLYLVmR GR +RPR VDSLHQV RFRUULGD ORJR GHSRLV TXH D
HVSpFLHVHIRUPRX
2 '1$ PLWRFRQGULDO WHP VH UHYHODGR XP H[WUDRUGLQiULR
LQVWUXPHQWRSDUDRHVWXGRGDHYROXomRKXPDQD(OHpWUDQVPLWLGR
DSHQDV SHODV PXOKHUHV 6XD DQiOLVH SHUPLWH WUDoDU XPD iUYRUH
JHQHDOyJLFD GRV DQWHSDVVDGRV GR VH[R IHPLQLQR DWp FKHJDU
DR SULPHLUR DQFHVWUDO HP FRPXP GH GLIHUHQWHV JUXSRV 2 '1$
PLWRFRQGULDOWDPEpPSHUPLWHVDEHUTXDQGRGRLVSRYRVGHPHVPD
RULJHPVHVHSDUDUDPEDVWDQGRSDUDLVVRYHUL¿FDUDSUHVHQoDGH
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

DOWHUDo}HVQDVHTrQFLDGHOHWUDVTXHFRPS}HPRFyGLJRJHQpWLFR
&RPR DV PXWDo}HV RFRUUHP HP PpGLD D FDGD   DQRV RV
FLHQWLVWDV FRQVHJXHP FDOFXODU SRU TXDQWR WHPSR GRLV SRYRV GH
RULJHP FRPXP VH PDQWLYHUDP LVRODGRV DYDOLDQGR R Q~PHUR
GH PXWDo}HV HP VHX '1$ PLWRFRQGULDO e FRP HVVH WLSR GH
DQiOLVHTXHRVSHVTXLVDGRUHVSRGHPHVWLPDUTXDQGRHXURSHXV
DPHULFDQRV H DVLiWLFRV VH VHSDUDUDP JHQHWLFDPHQWH GH VHXV
DQWHSDVVDGRV DIULFDQRV ³e FRPR VH ¿]pVVHPRV XPD YLDJHP QR
WHPSRHPTXHDPiTXLQDTXHQRVWUDQVSRUWDpDDQiOLVHGR'1$´
GL]RJHQHWLFLVWDPLQHLUR6pUJLR3HQDHVSHFLDOLVWDHPJHQpWLFDGH
SRSXODo}HV&HUFDGHDQRVGHSRLVGHDOFDQoDUD(XURSDR
+RPRVDSLHQVLQLFLDULDXPDQRYDHQRWiYHOHWDSDHPVXDWUDMHWyULD
&RPHoRXHQWmRD~OWLPDHUDGRJHORQDTXDOHOHSURWDJR
QL]RXXPDUHYROXomRFULDWLYDHGHVHQYROYHXRVFRQFHLWRVGHIDPt
OLDUHOLJLmRHFRQYLYrQFLDVRFLDO0DLVXPDYH]DKXPDQLGDGHVR
IUHXFRPRVULJRUHVGRFOLPDHFRPDHVFDVVH]GHFRPLGDPDVD
DGDSWDomRjVGL¿FXOGDGHVUHVXOWRXQXPVDOWRjIUHQWH2HXURSHX
SULPLWLYRWDPEpPFKDPDGRGHKRPHPGH&UR0DJQRQSDVVRX
DHQWHUUDUVHXVPRUWRVFRPULWXDLVHFRPREMHWRVTXHXVDYDPHP
YLGD3HODSULPHLUDYH]HVVDVVRFLHGDGHVVHQWLUDPDQHFHVVLGDGH
GHHVWDEHOHFHUUHJUDV±HUDSUHFLVRGH¿QLUTXHPSHUWHQFLDjIDPtOLD
HFRPTXHPVHFRPSDUWLOKDYDPRVDOLPHQWRVTXDLVREMHWRVHUDP
GHXVRFROHWLYRHTXDLVHUDPSULYDGRV8PDGDVHYLGrQFLDVPDLV
HVSHWDFXODUHVGDHYROXomRGRKRPHPGH&UR0DJQRQVREUHVHXV
DQFHVWUDLVpDLQYHQomRGDDUWH3RGHVHDSUHFLDURQDVFLPHQWRGDSLQWXUDQRVLQ~PHURV
GHVHQKRVIHLWRVHPFDYHUQDV2VPDLVFpOHEUHVHVWmRHP/DVFDX[QRVXOGD)UDQoDTXH
DEULJDPDLVGHLPDJHQVGHFDYDORVELV}HVHRXWURVDQLPDLV
$R ¿P GD HUD GR JHOR Ki FHUFD GH   DQRV R +RPR VDSLHQV HVWDYD SURQWR SDUD D JUDQGH
DYHQWXUDGDFLYLOL]DomR(VWXGRVFRPRRGLYXOJDGRQDVHPDQDSDVVDGDDMXGDPDUHFRQVWLWXLUVHXVSDVVRV
GHVGHDVRULJHQVQDViULGDVWHUUDVDIULFDQDV

'LVSRQtYHOHPKWWSYHMDDEULOFRPEUSBVKWPO!$FHVVRHPGHPDLRGH

102

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania
Evolução

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

103
 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte

Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

SDODYUDV HP XP TXDGUR FRQIRUPH VXD DFHQWXDomR 2LWHP,,,IDODGDGHSHQGrQFLDTXHRKRPHPFULRXHP

JUi¿FD UHODomR j WHFQRORJLD 2EVHUYH RXWUD YH] D FKDUJH
9HMDTXHRVLQVWUXPHQWRVTXHRKRPHPFDUUHJDHV
&/$66,),&$d­2 3$/$95$6 WmRFDGDYH]PDLRUHV6XEMDFHQWHDHVVDUHSUHVHQ
WDomR¿JXUDWLYDHVWiDLGpLDGDQRVVDGHSHQGrQFLD
+,$72 3LDXt
3RUWDQWRRLWHPHVWiFRUUHWR&RPSDUDQGRDJRUDD
021266Ë/$%2 D¿UPDWLYDGRLWHP,9FRPDSRVWXUDGRVHUKXPDQR
p
7Ð1,&2 DRORQJRGHVXDHYROXomRGRPDFDFRDR³KRPRWHF
2;Ë721$ HVWi QRORJLFXV´ SHUFHEHPRV TXH HVVD D¿UPDWLYD p FRU
3$52;Ë721$ 0HVRSRWkPLD UHWD
$PpULFDVHPLQ{PDQGH
3523$52;Ë721$ 23d­2&255(7$/(75$&
WpFQLFDVFHUkPLFD

6DEHQGRTXHRHL[RGRV;KRUL]RQWDOUHSUH

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

'HSRLVGHSUHHQFKLGRRTXDGURpVyREVHUYDUTXDLV
SDODYUDV FRORFDGDV QD  PHVPD FODVVL¿FDomR HVWmR VHQWDDOLQKDGRWHPSRHPTXHRVHYHQWRVDFRQ
WDPEpPQDPHVPDRSomR)LFRXPXLWRHYLGHQWHQmR WHFHUDP H R HL[R GRV < YHUWLFDO UHSUHVHQWD RV
pYHUGDGH" HYHQWRVTXHRFRUUHUDPRJUi¿FRTXHPHOKRUH[
SUHVVDDLGpLDFHQWUDOGDFKDUJHp
23d­2&255(7$/(75$$ D F
Y Y

'HDFRUGRFRPR7H[WRpFRUUHWRD¿UPDUTXH
,2KRPHPHVWiFDGDYH]PDLVLQWHOLJHQWH
,, 2 FRPSXWDGRU SHUPLWH R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GR
KRPHP
,,,2KRPHPHVWiFDGDYH]PDLVGHSHQGHQWHGDWHF X X
QRORJLD
,9 $ SRVWXUD GR KRPHP PXGD D FDGD HVSDoR GH E Y
G
Y
WHPSR

D,H,,HVWmRFRUUHWDV
E,,H,,,HVWmRFRUUHWDV
F,,,H,9HVWmRFRUUHWDV
G,H,9HVWmRFRUUHWDV X X

3ULPHLURYDPRVOHUDFKDUJH2EVHUYHTXHWHPRVD
¿JXUDGHXPPDFDFRTXHQDOLQKDGDHYROXomRKX 4XDQGR¿]HPRVDOHLWXUDGDFKDUJHPRVWUDPRVTXH
PDQDVHFRORFDQDSRVLomRHUHWD+RPRVDSLHQV HOD GHQXQFLD TXH KRXYH XPD HYROXomR JUDGDWLYD
'HSRLVFRQVHJXHFULDULQVWUXPHQWRVH¿FDFDGDYH] GD HVSpFLH KXPDQD DWp XP GHWHUPLQDGR PRPHQWR
PDLVHUHWR1RHQWDQWRREVHUYHTXHjPHGLGDTXH UHSUHVHQWDGDSHOD¿JXUDGRKRPHPTXH¿FDGHSp
XVDDWHFQRORJLDUHSUHVHQWDGDSHORVREMHWRVQDPmR H HP VHJXLGD RFRUUHX XPD LQYROXomR JUDGDWLYD
GRKRPHPRVHUKXPDQRYDLVHFXUYDQGRRXVHMD
YROWDjSRVLomRGRPDFDFR&RPLVVRSRGHPRVGL]HU
TXHDFKDUJHGHQXQFLDTXHRXVRGDWHFQRORJLDHVWi
HPEUXWHFHQGR R VHU KXPDQR HVWDPRV YROWDQGR D
VHUPHURVDQLPDLVLUUDFLRQDLV
$JRUD SDUHFH EHP VLPSOHV UHVSRQGHU j TXHVWmR
3HOD OHLWXUD TXH ¿]HPRV R LWHP , H R LWHP ,, HVWmR
LQFRUUHWRVFRQFRUGD"
104

UHSUHVHQWDGD SHOD ¿JXUD GR KRPHP TXH VH FXUYD
+RXYHSRUWDQWRXPDDVFHQVmRHORJRXPGHFOtQHR
$ QRVVD TXHVWmR p FRPR HVVD LGpLD SRGHULD VHU
UHSUHVHQWDGDJUD¿FDPHQWH"
7HPRV HQWmR TXH EXVFDU XP JUi¿FR TXH PRVWUH
XPD OLQKD TXH DVFHQGD JUDGXDOPHQWH H GHSRLV GH
FOLQHWDPEpPJUDGXDOPHQWHDRORQJRGRWHPSR9RFr
GHYHWHUSHUFHELGRTXHRJUi¿FRTXHVHDMXVWDDHVVD
 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania

Evolução

H[LJrQFLDpRSULPHLURQmRpYHUGDGH"2EVHUYHTXH
DOLQKDQmRWRFDQRYDPHQWHRSRQWR]HURGRHL[RGRV
< ,VVR VLJQL¿FD TXH QmR YROWDPRV DR TXH pUDPRV
PDVHVWDPRVPXLWRSUy[LPRV
6y XPD UHVVDOYD $ RSomR ' TXH SDUHFH FRUUHWD
DSUHVHQWD GRLV SUREOHPDV 3ULPHLUR R GHFOtQLR QmR
HYROXomRGDUDoDKXPDQDRKRPHPDSDUHFH
FRPQRYDVHVWUXWXUDVItVLFDVHPHQWDLVRTXH
OKH SRVVLELOLWD GRPLQDU R PHLR DPELHQWH RE
VHUYDURVIHQ{PHQRVTXHRFHUFDPHFULDUH
XWLOL]DUQRYDVWHFQRORJLDV´
p UHSUHVHQWDGR GH IRUPD JUDGXDO H VLP GH IRUPD  6H VXEVWLWXLUPRV D H[SUHVVmR R KRPHP SHOR
DEUXSWD6HJXQGRDOLQKDGHGHFOtQHRWRFDRHL[R< SURQRPH QyV D RSomR TXH UHHVFUHYH FRUUHWD
VXJHULQGRTXHYROWDPRVDRVSULPyUGLRVGDKXPDQL PHQWHRWUHFKRGHVWDFDGRp
GDGHHLVVRYRFrMiVDEHTXHQmRpYHUGDGH D&RPRVDEHPRVDFDGDSHUtRGRGHHYROXomRGD
UDoDKXPDQDQyVDSDUHFHFRPQRYDVHVWUXWXUDVItVL
23d­2&255(7$/(75$$ FDVHPHQWDLVRTXHOKHSRVVLELOLWDGRPLQDURPHLR
DPELHQWHREVHUYDURVIHQ{PHQRVTXHRFHUFDPHD
 1R VHJXQGR SDUiJUDIR GR 7H[WR  D SDODYUD FULDUHXWLOL]DUQRYDVWHFQRORJLDV

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
TXHVWmRUHIHUHVH E&RPRVDEHPRVDFDGDSHUtRGRGHHYROXomRGD
DjRULJHPHjHYROXomRGRKRPHP UDoD KXPDQD QyV DSDUHFHP FRP QRYDV HVWUXWXUDV
EDRSRQWRGHYLVWDUHOLJLRVR ItVLFDV H PHQWDLV R TXH OKH SRVVLELOLWD GRPLQDU R
FjFLrQFLDHDVUHOLJL}HV PHLRDPELHQWHREVHUYDURVIHQ{PHQRVTXHOKHFHU
GDRHVWXGRGR'1$ FDPHDFULDUHXWLOL]DUQRYDVWHFQRORJLDV
F &RPR VDEHPRV D FDGD SHUtRGR GH HYROXomR GD
UDoD KXPDQD QyV DSDUHFHPRV FRP QRYDV HVWUXWX
UDVItVLFDVHPHQWDLVRTXHQRVSRVVLELOLWDGRPLQDU
RPHLRDPELHQWHREVHUYDURVIHQ{PHQRVTXHRFHU
FDPHDFULDUHDXWLOL]DUQRYDVWHFQRORJLDV
G&RPRVDEHPRVDFDGDSHUtRGRGHHYROXomRGD
3DUDLGHQWL¿FDUPRVRUHIHUHQWHGDSDODYUDTXHVWmR UDoD KXPDQD QyV DSDUHFHPRV FRP QRYDV HVWUXWX
QRVHJXQGRSDUiJUDIRGR7H[WRWHPRVTXHWHUXPD UDVItVLFDVHPHQWDLVRTXHQRVSRVVLELOLWDGRPLQDU
YLVmRJHUDOGRWH[WR$VVLPTXDQGROHPRVRSULPHLUR R PHLR DPELHQWH REVHUYDU RV IHQ{PHQRV TXH QRV
SDUiJUDIRHQFRQWUDPRVDVHJXLQWHD¿UPDWLYD³SHOR FHUFDPHDFULDUPRVHXWLOL]DUPRVQRYDVWHFQRORJLDV
PHQRVDOJXPDYH]QDYLGDYRFrMiSDURXSDUDSHQ
VDUVREUHDRULJHPHDHYROXomRGRKRPHP´2PHV
PRSDUiJUDIRWDPEpPD¿UPDTXH³(VVDDOLiVpXPD
SHUJXQWDTXHDLQGDQmRIRLUHVSRQGLGD´
$QDOLVDQGRHVVHWUHFKRSHUFHEHPRVTXHRDVVXQWR
VREUHRTXDORWH[WRWUDWDMiGHYHPRVWHUSHQVDGR
DOJXPD YH] VREUH D RULJHP H D HYROXomR GR &RPRYRFrGHYHHVWDUOHPEUDGRGHDFRUGRFRPD
KRPHPpUHVJDWDGRORJRjIUHQWHFRPDH[SUHVVmR SULQFLSDOUHJUDGHFRQFRUGkQFLDYHUEDORYHUERGHYH
XPD SHUJXQWD IRUPDGD SHOR SURQRPH LQGH¿QLGR FRQFRUGDUFRPRVXMHLWRHPQ~PHURVLQJXODUSOXUDO
XPD H SHOR VXEVWDQWLYR SHUJXQWD 2 VHJXQGR H SHVVRD GR GLVFXUVR    $VVLP R VXMHLWR
SDUiJUDIRUHWRPDSRUVXDYH]DSDODYUDSHUJXQWD GRWUHFKR³2KRPHPDSDUHFHFRPQRYDVHVWUXWXUDV
VXEVWLWXLQGRD SRU XP VLQ{QLPR TXHVWmR H DJRUD
XVDQGRRSURQRPHGH¿QLGRDXPDYH]TXHDLGpLDMi
KDYLDVLGRH[SUHVVDSHODH[SUHVVmRXPDSHUJXQWD
$ SDUWLU GHVVH UDFLRFtQLR SRGHPRV D¿UPDU TXH
D SDODYUD TXHVWmR UHIHUHVH VHPDQWLFDPHQWH j
RULJHPHjHYROXomRGRKRPHP
ItVLFDVHPHQWDLV´pRKRPHPTXHGHYHSRUWDQWR
FRQFRUGDUFRPRYHUERDSDUHFHU$RVXEVWLWXLUPRVR
VXMHLWRSHORSURQRPHSHVVRDOQyVRYHUER¿FDUiÀH[
LRQDGRQDSHVVRDGRSOXUDORXVHMDDSDUHFHPRV
23d­2&255(7$/(75$'

23d­2&255(7$/(75$$  6HJXQGR R 7H[WR  GXUDQWH PXLWR WHPSR R

KRPHPSUHRFXSRXVHDSHQDVFRPDVREUHYLYrQ
2WUHFKRDVHJXLUIRLUHWLUDGRGR7H[WR/HLDRFRP FLDGDHVSpFLH(VVDD¿UPDomRpFRPSURYDGDQR
DWHQomRSDUDUHVSRQGHUjTXHVWmR SUySULRWH[WRFRPRVHJXLQWHWUHFKR
D ³$ YHUGDGH p TXH PXLWD FRLVD PXGRX QHVVHV
³&RPR VDEHPRV D FDGD SHUtRGR GH TXDWURELOK}HVGHDQRV´

105

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte

Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

E ³ 6RPRV SRUWDQWR UHVXOWDGR GD HYROXomR GH

QDTXHOH HVWiJLR GH HYROXomR GR KRPHP WXGR SHU
XPDUDoDTXHVHHVSDOKRXSHORJORER´ WHQFLD D WRGRV WHUPRV FRPR SRVVXLGRU H SRVVHV
F³IRPRVQRVDJUXSDQGRHPEDQGRVHYLYHQGR QmR HUDP QHFHVViULRV H QHP GHYHULDP H[LVWLU QD
GDFDoDHGDFROHWD´ YHUGDGH,VVRSURYDTXHDHYROXomRGDOLQJXDJHP
G³MiQRVDJUXSiYDPRVHPXPDVRFLHGDGHPDLV DFRPSDQKDDHYROXomRGRKRPHPRTXHFRUUHVSRQ
FRPSOH[D IRUPDGD SRU JUXSRV FDGD YH] PHQRUHV GHjRSomR$
´ $QDOLVHPRVDVGHPDLVSDUDGHVFREULUSRUTXHHVWmR
HUUDGDV1RWH[WRQmRHVWiGLWRTXHDVRFLHGDGHQmR
SHUPLWLDRXVRGHDOJXPDVSDODYUDVQHPTXHDQD
WXUH]DHUDUHVSHLWDGDSRUWRGRV3RUWDQWRDVRSo}HV
%H&HVWmRLQFRUUHWDV
$RSomR'SRUVXDYH]WDPEpPHVWiLQFRUUHWDSRLV
QmR SRGHPRV D¿UPDU TXH D SRVVH GDV WHUUDV TXH
(VVD p XPD TXHVWmR GH FRPSUHHQVmR WH[WXDO 9D pXPIDWRGHSHQGLDGRXVRGHSDODYUDVFRPRSRV
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

PRVLQLFLDOPHQWHFRPSUHHQGHUGHTXHIDODRXVHMDR VXLGRU H SRVVXtGR D¿QDO GH FRQWDV FRP VDEHPRV

WHPDGHFDGDXPDGDVRSo}HV$RSomR$WHPFRPR SDUDRVIDWRVRFRUUHUHPQmRpQHFHVViULRKDYHUSD
WHPDRIDWRGHWHUHPRFRUULGRPXLWDVPXGDQoDVQRV ODYUDV TXH R QRPHLHP 2 TXH JHUDOPHQWH RFRUUH p
~OWLPRVTXDWURELOK}HVGHDQRV H[DWDPHQWHRFRQWUiULRRXVHMDQRYRVIDWRVID]HP
$RSomR%WHPFRPRIRFRRIDWRGHVHUPRVRUHVXO VXUJLUQRYDVSDODYUDV
WDGRGDHYROXomRGHXPDUDoDTXHVHHVSDOKRXSHOR
JORER 23d­2&255(7$/(75$$
$RSomR&UHIHUHVHDRIDWRGHWHUPRVQRVDJUXSDGR
HPEDQGRVHGHYLYHUPRVGDFDoDHGDFROHWD(VVD 8WLOL]H R WUHFKR D VHJXLU UHWLUDGR GR 7H[WR  SDUD
LGpLDUHIRUoDDSUHRFXSDomRKLVWyULFDGRKRPHPFRP UHVSRQGHUjTXHVWmR
D VREUHYLYrQFLD GD HVSpFLH 3RUWDQWR p R UHVSRVWD
TXHEXVFDPRV ³&HUFDGHDQRVGHSRLVGHDOFDQoDUD
0DVHDRSomR'"(ODWHPFRPRWHPDRIDWRGH (XURSDR+RPRVDSLHQVLQLFLDULDXPDQRYDH
MiKiPXLWRWHPSRIRUPDUPRVXPDVRFLHGDGHFRP QRWiYHOHWDSDHPVXDWUDMHWyULD´
SOH[DFRPSRVWDSRUJUXSRVFDGDYH]PHQRUHV
 0DUTXH D RSomR TXH PHOKRU UHHVFUHYH R
23d­2&255(7$/(75$& VHJXLQWHWUHFKRGR7H[WRPDQWHQGRDVXDLGpLD
RULJLQDOHUHVSHLWDQGRDVQRUPDVJUDPDWLFDLVGH
1R7H[WRDRD¿UPDUTXH³QmRXViYDPRV SRQWXDomR
HP QRVVR YRFDEXOiULR WHUPRV FRPR SRVVXLGRU D &HUFD GH   DQRV GHSRLV GH DOFDQoDU D (X
H SRVVHV SRLV D QDWXUH]D HUD SDWULP{QLR GH WR URSDR+RPRVDSLHQVLQLFLDULDXPDQRYDHQRWiYHO
GRV´RVDXWRUHVFKDPDPDDWHQomRSDUDRIDWR HWDSDHPVXDWUDMHWyULD
GHTXH E2+RPRVDSLHQVLQLFLDULDFHUFDGHDQRVGH
DDHYROXomRGDOLQJXDJHPDFRPSDQKDDHYROXomR SRLVGHDOFDQoDUD(XURSDXPDQRYDHQRWiYHOHWDSD
GRKRPHP HPVXDWUDMHWyULD
EDVRFLHGDGHQmRSHUPLWLDRXVRGHDOJXPDVSDOD F (P VXD WUDMHWyULD R +RPR VDSLHQV LQLFLDULD XPD
YUDV QRYDHQRWiYHOHWDSDFHUFDGHDQRVGHSRLVGH
FDQDWXUH]DHUDUHVSHLWDGDSRUWRGRV DOFDQoDUD(XURSD
GDSRVVHGDVWHUUDVGHSHQGLDGRXVRGHSDODYUDV G'HSRLVGHDOFDQoDUD(XURSDR+RPRVDSLHQVLQL
FRPRSRVVXLGRUHSRVVXtGR FLDULDSRUFHUFDGHDQRVXPDQRYDHQRWiYHO
HWDSDHPVXDWUDMHWyULD

1R SUySULR WUHFKR GHVWDFDGR DSDUHFH D H[SOLFDomR

SDUDDQmRXWLOL]DomRGHVVHVWHUPRVSRLVDQDWXUH 3DUDUHVSRQGHUDHVVDTXHVWmRWHPRVTXHOHPEUDUD
]DHUDSDWULP{QLRGHWRGRV,VVRTXHUGL]HUTXHVH VHJXLQWHUHJUDEiVLFDGHSRQWXDomRQDRUGHPGLUHWD

106

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania

Evolução

VXMHLWR YHUER FRPSOHPHQWR H DGMXQWR DGYHUELDO

QmRGHYHPRVXVDUDYtUJXODSDUDVHSDUDURVWHUPRV
GDRUDomR
1RFDVRGRWUHFKRGHVWDFDGRWHPRV

6XMHLWRGDRUDomR 2+RPRVDSLHQV
9HUERGRSUHGLFDGR LQLFLDULD
&RPSOHPHQWRYHUEDO XPDQRYDHQRWiYHO
HWDSDHPVXDWUDMHWyULD
$GMXQWRDGYHUELDOGH FHUFDGHDQRV
WHPSR GHSRLVGHDOFDQoDUD
(XURSD
2EVHUYDU D SDODYUD HP VHX FRQWH[WR GH XVR p
VXPDPHQWHLPSRUWDQWHSDUDGHWHUPLQDUVHXVLJQL¿
FDGR SRUTXH XP YRFiEXOR SRGH DVVXPLU GLIHUHQ
WHVVLJQL¿FDGRVGHSHQGHQGRGRFRQWH[WRLQFOXVLYH
DWp XP VLJQL¿FDGR RSRVWR DR XVXDO TXDQGR SRU
H[HPSORpXWLOL]DGDDLURQLD

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
2EVHUYHTXHQRWUHFKRRDGMXQWRDGYHUELDOHVWiQR
LQtFLR GD RUDomR RX VHMD GHVORFDGR 1HVVH FDVR
GHYHVHULVRODGRSRUYtUJXOD
9DPRVDJRUDDQDOLVDUDVRSo}HVDRSomR$XWLOL]DGH
IRUPDLQFRUUHWDDYtUJXODSRUGXDVYH]HVDSULPHLUD
DR VHSDUDU FHUFD GH   DQRV GH GHSRLV GH
9ROWH DR7H[WR  H YHMD HP TXH FRQWH[WR D SDODYUD
DOFDQoDUD(XURSDFULDQGRDVVLPXPQRYRVHQWLGR
DPDLQDUHVWiVHQGRXWLOL]DGD
D VHJXQGD DR VHSDUDU HWDSD GH HP VXD WUDMHWyULD
2 WUHFKR p R VHJXLQWH ³6y DSyV D JUDQGH VHFD
ID]HQGRFRPTXHHPVXDWUDMHWyULD¿TXHVHPVHQWLGR
DPDLQDUDSRSXODomRFRPHoRXDDXPHQWDU´
RXSHORPHQRVFRPVHQWLGRLQFRPSOHWR
(VVH WUHFKR YHP ORJR DSyV D D¿UPDWLYD GH TXH R
9ROWHHUHOHLDDRSomR%9HMDTXHRDGMXQWRDGYHUELDO
+RPR VDSLHQV TXDVH FKHJRX j H[WLQomR GHSRLV GH
GHOXJDUDRLQYpVGHVHULVRODGRQRLQtFLRpLVRODGR
XP ORQJR SHUtRGR GH VHFD TXH VH DEDWHX VREUH D
QR PHLR GD RUDomR SRU XPD YtUJXOD DQWHV GHOH H
ÈIULFD2EVHUYDQGRDVD¿UPDWLYDVYRFrSRGHSHUFH
RXWUDORJRDSyV3RUWDQWRMiVDEHPRVTXHHVVDpD
EHUTXHWRGDVLQGLFDPXPPRYLPHQWRSDUDEDL[RGH
UHVSRVWDFRUUHWD
UHWUDLPHQWRRXGHH[WLQomR(QWmRWRGDVSRWHQFLDO
$JRUDYDPRVYHUSRUTXHDVRXWUDVHVWmRHUUDGDV"
PHQWHSRGHULDPVHUDUHVSRVWD)DOWDYHUSRUWDQWR
1D RSomR & D SULPHLUD YtUJXOD HVWi FRUUHWD SRLV
TXDORSomRPDLVVHDSUR[LPDGRVLJQL¿FDGRSUHVHQWH
HVWi PDUFDQGR R GHVORFDPHQWR GH XP DGMXQWR
QR7H[WR
DGYHUELDOGHWHPSRPDVDVRXWUDVVHSDUDPWHUPRV
2 YHUER GLVVROYHU VLJQL¿FD GHVID]HUVH HP PHLR
VHP TXDOTXHU MXVWL¿FDWLYD VLQWiWLFD RX VHPkQWLFD
OtTXLGRURPSHUVHGHVDJUHJDUVHDQXODUXPFDVD
³TXHEUDQGR´GHVVDIRUPDRVHQWLGRTXHYHPVHQGR
PHQWR SRU H[HPSOR 9RFr FRQFRUGD TXH QHQKXP
GHVHQYROYLGR
GHVVHVVLJQL¿FDGRVDWHQGHDRTXHSUHFLVDPRV"
$RSomR'SRUVXDYH]HVWiSRQWXDGDFRUUHWDPHQWH
9DPRV j VHJXLQWH DFDEDU VLJQL¿FD FKHJDU DR ¿P
PDV R VHQWLGR p GLIHUHQWH GR VHQWLGR GR WUHFKR
FRQFOXLUWHUPLQDU(VVDSRGHULDVHUDRSomRFRUUHWD
GHVWDFDGR1HVVHWUHFKRRIDWRRFRUUHXFRPR+RPR
PDVR7H[WRD¿UPDTXHKRXYHYiULDVPLJUDo}HVHP
VDSLHQV FHUFD GH   DQRV GHSRLV GH DOFDQoDU D
EXVFDGHPHOKRUHVFRQGLo}HVFOLPiWLFDVHQWmRLVVR
(XURSD HQTXDQWR TXH QD RSomR ' R TXH VH HVWi
VLJQL¿FDTXHDVHFDQmRDFDERX3RUWDQWRDRSomR
GL]HQGRpTXHGHSRLVGHDOFDQoDUD(XURSDR+RPR
HVWiLQFRUUHWD
VDSLHQVLQLFLDULDSRUFHUFDGHDQRVXPDQRYD
$RSomR&SURS}HRYHUERDEDL[DUTXHQRGLFLRQiULR
HQRWiYHOHWDSDHPVXDWUDMHWyULD&RPFHUWH]DQmR
WHPHQWUHRXWUDVDFHSo}HVGLPLQXLUGHDOWXUDGHVF
VHHVWiGL]HQGRDPHVPDFRLVD
HUSDUDXPQtYHOPHQRVHOHYDGRGLPLQXLUGHYDORURX
GHTXDQWLGDGH$VHFDQmRSRGHGHVFHUGHQtYHORX
23d­2&255(7$/(75$%
GLPLQXLU GH YDORU RX TXDQWLGDGH FRQFRUGD" 2SomR
LQFRUUHWD
 1R VHJXQGRSDUiJUDIR GR7H[WR  D SDODYUD
9HMDPRV DJRUD R VLJQL¿FDGR GH GLPLQXLU 6H YRFr
DPDLQDUWHPRPHVPRVHQWLGRTXH
EXVFDU QR GLFLRQiULR YHUi TXH HVVH YHUER VLJQL¿FD
DGLVVROYHU
UHGX]LUVH HP TXDQWLGDGH RX LQWHQVLGDGH WRUQDUVH
EDFDEDU
EUHYHRXHVFDVVR&RPRYRFrMiVDEHSHORFRPHQ
FDEDL[DU
WiULRGDRSomR%TXHDVHFDQmRDFDERXGHYHWHU
GGLPLQXLU
107

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte

Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

FKHJDGR j FRQFOXVmR GH TXH HOD DSHQDV GLPLQXLX 'HDFRUGRFRPRSULPHLURSDUiJUDIRGR7H[WR

VXDLQWHQVLGDGHDXPSRQWRWDOTXHDLQGDSHUPLWLXD KRXYHXPDpSRFDHPTXHR+RPRVDSLHQVHV
VREUHYLYrQFLDKXPDQD WHYH DPHDoDGR GH H[WLQomR 1R SDUiJUDIR D¿U
PDVHTXHQDTXHODpSRFD
23d­2&255(7$/(75$' DRPXQGRWLQKDPDLVGHELOK}HVGHKDELWDQWHV
ERFRUUHXXPDORQJDVHFDQDÈIULFD
6HJXQGRR7H[WR FWRGDDSRSXODomRGH+RPRVDSLHQVPLJURXSDUD
DDVHFDKiFHUFDGHPLODQRVIRLUHVSRQViYHO D(XURSD
SHORDXPHQWRGDSRSXODomRDIULFDQD G'HYLGRjVPXWDo}HVJHQpWLFDVR+RPRVDSLHQV
EDKXPDQLGDGHIRLUHGX]LGDQDÈIULFDHQD(XURSD FRQVHJXLXVREUHYLYHUQDÈIULFD
DSHVVRDV
F D PDLRU SDUWH GD GLYHUVLGDGH JHQpWLFD GD QRVVD
HVSpFLHFRQFHQWUDVHQDÈIULFD
GDVPLJUDo}HVGR+RPRVDSLHQVIRUDPPRWLYDGDV
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
SRUFRQGLo}HVFOLPiWLFDVGLItFHLV
(VVD TXHVWmR H[LJH TXH YRFr WHQKD FRPSUHHQGLGR
EDVWDQWHEHPR7H[WR
1DRSomR$IDODVHHPDXPHQWRGDSRSXODomRDIUL
FDQDQRHQWDQWRORJRQRSULPHLURSDUiJUDIROHPRV
TXHDSRSXODomRGH+RPRVDSLHQVUHGX]LXVHGUDV
WLFDPHQWH Ki FHUFD GH  PLO DQRV GHYLGR D XP
ORQJR SHUtRGR GH VHFD SDVVDQGR GH  PLO SDUD 
PLO3RUWDQWRDRSomRHVWiLQFRUUHWD
$RSomR%WUDWDGDGLPLQXLomRGDSRSXODomRHPGRLV
FRQWLQHQWHVÈIULFDH(XURSD2UDVHRWH[WRD¿UPD
TXH KRXYH UHGXomR DSHQDV QD ÈIULFD H TXH GHSRLV
KRXYHPLJUDomRSDUDRFRQWLQHQWHHXURSHXHVVDRS
omRWDPEpPHVWiLQFRUUHWD
(P & D¿UPDVH TXH D PDLRU SDUWH GD GLYHUVLGDGH
JHQpWLFD HQFRQWUDVH QD ÈIULFD 6HJXQGR R 7H[WR
KiPLODQRVKDYLDFHUFDGHUDPL¿FDo}HV
JHQpWLFDVQDTXHOHFRQWLQHQWHHTXHGXDVPLJUDUDP
GDQGRRULJHPDWRGRVRVGHPDLVSRYRV2EVHUYHTXH
HVVD D¿UPDWLYD UHIHUHVH DR SDVVDGR HQTXDQWR D
RSomR&FRORFDFRPRVHLVVRRFRUUHVVHDWXDOPHQWH
(VWiSRLVLQFRUUHWD
(P'WUDWDVHGRPRWLYRSHORTXDOKRXYHPLJUDo}HV
(P UHODomR D LVVR HQFRQWUDPRV GRLV WUHFKRV EDV
WDQWHHOXFLGDWLYRVDPERVQRVHJXQGRSDUiJUDIR2
SULPHLUR D¿UPD TXH RV JUXSRV DIULFDQRV YDJDYDP 23d­2&255(7$/(75$%
SHORFRQWLQHQWH³OXWDQGRFRQWUDFRQGLo}HVFOLPiWLFDV
DGYHUVDV´ H R VHJXQGR D¿UPD TXH HP YLUWXGH GH 2WUHFKRDVHJXLUGHYHVHUXWLOL]DGRSDUDUHVSRQGHU
FRQGLo}HVFOLPiWLFDVGLItFHLVDEXVFDSRUPHOKRUHV jTXHVWmR
ORFDLVSDUDYLYHUPRWLYRXDVPLJUDo}HVGR+RPRVD
SLHQV3RUWDQWRRSomRFRUUHWD
23d­2&255(7$/(75$'
108

eLPSRUWDQWHWHUHPPHQWHTXHRFRPDQGRGDTXHVWmR
VROLFLWDTXHDD¿UPDWLYDVHMDFRUUHWDHPUHODomRDR
SHUtRGRHPTXHR+RPRVDSLHQVHVWHYHDPHDoDGR
GHH[WLQomR9HMDPRVDVRSo}HVDSUHVHQWDGDV
$ OHWUD$ WUD] XPD D¿UPDWLYD TXH HVWi SUHVHQWH QR
SULPHLURSDUiJUDIRpFRUUHWDPDVVHUHIHUHjDWXDOL
GDGH 3RUWDQWR QmR DWHQGH DR TXH R FRPDQGR VR
OLFLWD
$ RSomR % D¿UPD TXH KRXYH QD ÈIULFD XPD ORQJD
VHFD (VVD LQIRUPDomR SRGH VHU FRPSURYDGD QR
VHJXLQWH SHUtRGR H[WUDtGR GR SULPHLUR SDUiJUDIR
³$ UHGXomR GD SRSXODomR VH GHX GXUDQWH XPD ORQ
JD VHFD TXH VH DEDWHX VREUH D ÈIULFD´ 3URQWR
DFKDPRV D RSomR FRUUHWD 0DV YDPRV YHUL¿FDU SRU
TXHDVGHPDLVHVWmRLQFRUUHWDV"
$RSomR&GHFODUDTXHWRGRVRVQRVVRVDQFHVWUDLV
PLJUDUDPSDUD(XURSD1DYHUGDGHRSULPHLURSDUi
JUDIR LQIRUPD TXH RV QRVVRV DQFHVWUDLV PLJUDUDP
SDUD ³RXWURV FRQWLQHQWHV´ R TXH VLJQL¿FD TXH HOHV
PLJUDUDPSDUDD(XURSDPDVWDPEpPSDUDD$PpUL
FDD2FHDQLDHDÈVLD
$RSomR'D¿UPDTXHDVPXWDo}HVJHQpWLFDVIRUDP
UHVSRQViYHLV SHOD VREUHYLYrQFLD GR +RPR VDSLHQV
QDÈIULFD2WUHFKRGRSDUiJUDIRTXHWUDWDGHPX
WDo}HV JHQpWLFDV D¿UPD TXH DWUDYpV GH GLIHUHQWHV
PXWDo}HV JHQpWLFDV R +RPR VDSLHQV GHX RULJHP
jVGLYHUVDVHWQLDVTXHSRYRDUDPRPXQGR1mRVH
UHIHUHSRUWDQWRjVXDVREUHYLYrQFLDQDÈIULFD
³3RGHVHDSUHFLDURQDVFLPHQWRGDSLQWXUD
QRV LQ~PHURV GHVHQKRV IHLWRV HP FDYHUQDV
2V PDLV FpOHEUHV HVWmR HP /DVFDX[ QR VXO
 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania

Evolução

GD )UDQoD TXH DEULJD PDLV GH  LPDJHQV

GHFDYDORVELV}HVHRXWURVDQLPDLV´

$VSDODYUDVVXEOLQKDGDVUHIHUHPVHDPEDVD
DGHVHQKRV
ELPDJHQV
FFDYDORV
GRXWURVDQLPDLV 2SURQRPHpDFODVVHGHSDODYUDVFXMDIXQomRp
UHSUHVHQWDURXDFRPSDQKDUXPVXEVWDQWLYRQHVVH
FDVR GHWHUPLQDQGR D H[WHQVmR GH VHX VLJQL¿FD
GR1RSULPHLURXVRVmRGHQRPLQDGRVSURQRPHV
VXEVWDQWLYRV H QR VHJXQGR SRUTXH PRGL¿FDP R
VXEVWDQWLYRFRPRVHIRVVHPXPDGMHWLYRVmRGH
QRPLQDGRVGHSURQRPHVDGMHWLYRV

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
(VVDTXHVWmRUHTXHUTXHYRFrREVHUYHRVHOHPHQWRV
UHVSRQViYHLV SHOD FRHVmR WH[WXDO RX VHMD SHOD
FRQVWUXomRGRVHORVGHVHQWLGRGRWH[WR
$VVLPTXDQGRRVHJXQGRSHUtRGRGRWH[WRLQLFLDGH
¿QLQGRRVPDLVFpOHEUHVWHPRVDtXPDUWLJRGH¿QLGR
SOXUDORVVHJXLGRSRUXPDH[SUHVVmRIRUPDGDSRU
XPDGYpUELRGHLQWHQVLGDGHPDLVHSRUXPDGMHWLYR (PSULQFtSLRWRGDVDVRSo}HVSRGHPHVWDUFRUUHWDV
ÀH[LRQDGRQRPDVFXOLQRSOXUDOFpOHEUHV
3DUDTXHRVXEVWDQWLYRQ~FOHRGHVVDVSDODYUDVWHQKD
VLGR RPLWLGR p QHFHVViULR TXH Mi WHQKD VLGR PHQ
FLRQDGRQRSHUtRGRDQWHULRURXTXHRXWUDKLSyWHVH
YHQKDDVHUPHQFLRQDGRQRSHUtRGRLPHGLDWDPHQWH
SRVWHULRU
'HVVDIRUPDDRUHOHUPRVRWUHFKRYHUHPRVTXHR
SHUtRGR DQWHULRU IDOD VREUH RV LQ~PHURV GHVHQKRV
IHLWRV QDV FDYHUQDV R TXH QRV OHYD D FRQFOXLU TXH
R VXEVWDQWLYR UHIHULGR p GHVHQKRV R TXDO Vy SDUD
SRUTXH WRGDV H[LJHP D FRQFRUGkQFLD QR PDVFXOLQR
SOXUDOFRPRRSURQRPHHOHV3RULVVRYRFrWHPTXH
REVHUYDURXVRGHVVHSURQRPHQRWUHFKRGDGR
³&DVR HVVHV  PLO DQFHVWUDLV GR KRPHP
PRGHUQRQmRWLYHVVHPUHVLVWLGRjVFRQGLo}HV
GHSHQ~ULDHPTXHYLYLDPDKXPDQLGDGHWH
ULDVLGRULVFDGDGRPDSD(YLGHQWHPHQWHHOHV
UHVLVWLUDP´
FKHFDUFRPDFRQFRUGkQFLDQRPLQDOWDPEpPHVWi
QRPDVFXOLQRHQRSOXUDO1mRKiPDLVG~YLGDDUHV
SRVWDFRUUHWDpDOHWUD$
$OHWUD%LPDJHQVQmRDWHQGHULDSRLVHPERUDLPD
JHQV VHMDP GHVHQKRV D SDODYUD HVWi QR IHPLQLQR
2WUHFKRHPTXHVHHQFRQWUDRSURQRPHGHVWDFDGR
UHWRPDRSHUtRGRTXHRDQWHFHGHGHGXDVIRUPDVSRU
PHLRGDUHSHWLomRGRYHUERUHVLVWLUHGDVXEVWLWXLomR
GRVXMHLWRSHORSURQRPHHOHV(PRXWUDVSDODYUDVR
SURQRPHHOHVUHIHUHVHDRVXMHLWRGDRUDomRDQWHULRU
SOXUDOHDFRQFRUGkQFLD¿FDULDLQFRUUHWD HVVHVDQFHVWUDLVGRKRPHPPRGHUQR)LFRX
-i D SDODYUD FDYDORV OHWUD & WDPEpP QmR DWHQGH FODURDJRUDTXDODUHVSRVWDFRUUHWD"
SRUTXHVHHVWiIDODQGRGHLPDJHQVGHFDYDORVHQmR
GHFDYDORVSURSULDPHQWH 23d­2&255(7$/(75$'
2PHVPRUDFLRFtQLRVHDSOLFDjOHWUD'QmRVHHVWi
IDODQGRGHRXWURVDQLPDLVPDVGHLPDJHQVGHRXWURV
DQLPDLV
0$7(0È7,&$
23d­2&255(7$/(75$$

1RSULPHLURSDUiJUDIRGR7H[WRRSURQRPH
HOHVHPQHJULWRUHIHUHVHD 2LQWHUYDORDSUR[LPDGRGHWHPSRGHFRUULGR
DDQRVDWUiV GRLQtFLRGRSHUtRGR3DOHROtWLFRHRVGLDVDWXDLV
ERXWURVFRQWLQHQWHV VHJXQGRR7H[WRHVFULWRHPQRWDomRFLHQWt¿FD
FODJRVHÀRUHVWDVHPGHVHUWRV pLJXDOD
GHVVHVDQFHVWUDLVGRKRPHPPRGHUQR D[DQRV
E[DQRV

109

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte

Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

F[DQRV EDQRV
G[DQRV FDQRV
GDQRV

&RQIRUPHR7H[WRRSHUtRGR3DOHROtWLFRRFRUUHXKi
PLOK}HVGHDQRV 3DUDUHVSRQGHUDHVVDTXHVWmRFDOFXOHGHGXDV
(VFUHYHQGRHPQRWDomRFLHQWt¿FDYRFrWHUi FHQWHQDVGHPLOKDUHVGHDQRVTXHpRPHVPRTXH
DQRV ÂDQRV DQRV$VVLPYRFrWHUi

23d­2&255(7$/(75$'  DQRV
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04


 $V LQFOLQDo}HV TXH DSDUHFHP QR FRUSR GR 23d­2&255(7$/(75$$
³KRPHPGDVFDYHUQDV´QD¿JXUDGR7H[WROHP
EUDPDEHUWXUDGHkQJXORVTXHVmR¿JXUDVJHR 'HDFRUGRFRPR7H[WRGHDQRVD&
PpWULFDVIRUPDGDV DWpRVGLDVDWXDLVRQ~PHURGHSHVVRDVFUHVFHX
DSHORHVSDoRFRPSUHHQGLGRHQWUHXPDUHWDHXPD FHUFDGH
FLUFXQIHUrQFLD D
ESHORHVSDoRFRPSUHHQGLGRHQWUHXPSRQWRHXPD E
UHWD F
FSRUGXDVVHPLUHWDVGHPHVPDRULJHP G
GSHORHVSDoRFRPSUHHQGLGRHQWUHXPSRQWRHXPD
FXUYD

6HJXQGRR7H[WRQRSHUtRGRFLWDGRDSRSXODomR
GH +RPR VDSLHQV FUHVFHX GH  PLOK}HV SDUD 
3DUDUHVSRQGHUDHVVDTXHVWmRUHOHPEUHRFRQFHLWR ELOK}HV
GHkQJXORQDVHomR3DUD/HPEUDUDVHJXLU 9RFr SRGH FRQVWUXLU XPD SURSRUomR SDUD HIHWXDU R
FiOFXORGRSHUFHQWXDOGHFUHVFLPHQWR$VVLP
3RSXODomRILQDO [
 
3RSXODomRLQLFLDO 
 [
Ÿ  
 

ÆQJXOR p D ¿JXUD JHRPpWULFD IRUPDGD SRU GXDV 6LPSOL¿FDQGRDSULPHLUDUD]mRYRFrWHP

VHPLUHWDVGHPHVPDRULJHP
 [
 
 
23d­2&255(7$/(75$& $SOLFDQGR D SURSULHGDGH IXQGDPHQWDO GDV SURSRU
o}HVYRFrWHP
27H[WRD¿UPDTXHHPDSUR[LPDGDPHQWH
 ˜ [  ˜ 
 GH GXDV FHQWHQDV GH PLOKDUHV GH DQRV D
HVSpFLH KXPDQD WLQKD FRPR ~QLFD SUHRFXSD  ˜ [ 
omRDVXDVREUHYLYrQFLD(VVHSHUtRGRGHWHPSR [ ·
HTXLYDOHD [ 
DDQRV

110

 Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania
Evolução

20) A publicação da obra de Charles Darwin,

citada no Texto 3, data de 1859. Desta data até o
ano de 2011, passaram-se
a) 142 anos.
b) 152 anos.
c) 169 anos.
d) 179 anos.

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
2011 - 1859 = 152

B.

111
 Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte
Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

- +
-1 245 0 x

50° 3 000

Figura 1
60°

112
 Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania
Evolução

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
(número de páginas restantes) e 80 (páginas lidas no
dia). Veja:

113
 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte

Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

8WLOL]HDVLQIRUPDo}HVDSUHVHQWDGDVQRTXDGUR 3RUWDQWRpYHUGDGHLUDDD¿UPDWLYD,,
DVHJXLUSDUDUHVSRQGHUjVTXHVW}HVH
23d­2&255(7$/(75$%
9ROXPHFH
(VWDWXUD 2JUi¿FRTXHPHOKRUUHSUHVHQWDDVLQIRUPD
(VSpFLH UHEUDOPpGLR
PpGLDP o}HVVREUHDHVWDWXUDPpGLDHPPHWURVGDVHV
FP
SpFLHVDSUHVHQWDGDVQRTXDGURDQWHULRUp
$XVWUDORSLWKHFXV   D
+RPRKDELOLV  
+RPR
 
FHSUDQHQVLV
+RPRVDSLHQV  
)RQWHKWWSZZZDWODQWLFDHGLWRUDFRPEUUHYLVWDVQHXURFLHQFLDV
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

GHWDOKHDVS"FGF 

$SDUWLUGDVLQIRUPDo}HVGRTXDGURFRQVWUXt
PRVDVD¿UPDWLYDVDVHJXLU/HLDDVHUHVSRQGD
RTXHVHSHGH
,$VRPDGRVYROXPHVPpGLRVFHUHEUDLVGR$XVWUDOR E
SLWKHFXV H GR +RPR KDELOLV p PHQRU TXH R YROXPH
PpGLRFHUHEUDOGR+RPRFHSUDQHQVLV
,,2YROXPHPpGLRFHUHEUDOGR+RPRVDSLHQVpLJXDO
jVRPDGRVYROXPHVPpGLRVFHUHEUDLVGDVHVSpFLHV
$XVWUDORSLWKHFXVH+RPRFHSUDQHQVLV
,,, 2 YROXPH PpGLR FHUHEUDO GR +RPR VDSLHQV p
PHQRUTXHDVRPDGRVYROXPHVFHUHEUDLVGR+RPR
KDELOLVHGR$XVWUDORSLWKHFXV
,92YROXPHPpGLRFHUHEUDOGR+RPRFHSUDQHQVLVp
LJXDODRGR+RPRKDELOLV
$VVLQDOHDD¿UPDWLYDFRUUHWD
D6RPHQWH,HVWiFRUUHWD F
E6RPHQWHDD¿UPDWLYD,,HVWiFRUUHWD
F6RPHQWHDVD¿UPDWLYDV,,H,,,HVWmRFRUUHWDV
G6RPHQWHDVD¿UPDWLYDV,H,9HVWmRFRUUHWDV

9DPRVDQDOLVDUFDGDXPGDVTXDWURD¿UPDWLYDVDQ
WHVGHWHQWDUUHVSRQGHUjTXHVWmR
1DD¿UPDWLYD,WHPRVTXH G
FPFPFP
FPFPIDOVR
1DD¿UPDWLYD,,WHPRV
FP FPFP
FP FPYHUGDGHLUR
1DD¿UPDWLYD,,,WHPRV
FPFPFP
FPFPIDOVR
1DD¿UPDWLYD,9WHPRV
FP FPIDOVR
114

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania

Evolução

SRUWDQWHSRUTXH
D ID] FRP TXH WHQKDPRV FRQVFLrQFLD GH QRVVD
UHVSRQVDELOLGDGH FRPR SHUVRQDJHQV YLYRV GHVVD
KLVWyULD
E¿FDPRVVDEHQGRFRPRVXUJLUDPDVGLYHUVDVIHU
UDPHQWDVHDXWLOLGDGHGHFDGDXPDGHODV
&RPSDUHDVPHGLGDVGHHVWDWXUDPpGLDGHFDGDHV
F SURYD TXH D DJULFXOWXUD H D WHFQRORJLD SUHFLVDP
SpFLHDSUHVHQWDGDVQRTXDGURFRPDVFROXQDVFRU
HVWDULQWHJUDGDVSDUDTXHVHDOFDQFHRGHVHQYROYL
UHVSRQGHQWHVDSUHVHQWDGDVQRJUi¿FR
PHQWR
9RFrSRGHSHUFHEHUTXHDVPHGLGDVGRTXDGURHV
G DSUHQGHPRV FRPR RQGH H TXDQGR VXUJLX D HV
WmRHPRUGHPFUHVFHQWHRTXHVRPHQWHRFRUUHQR
FULWDHFRPRVHLQLFLDUDPDVJUDQGHVQDYHJDo}HV
JUi¿FRGDRSomR%

23d­2&255(7$/(75$%

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
&,'$'$1,$
1D PHGLGD HP TXH FRQKHFHPRV PDLV VREUH D
HYROXomR GR KRPHP FUHVFH D QRVVD FRQVFLrQFLD
VREUH D QRVVD UHVSRQVDELOLGDGH LQGLYLGXDO QR
SURFHVVRGHFRQVWUXomRKLVWyULFD(VVHpRFRQWH~GR
27H[WRD¿UPDTXHRXVRGDVWHFQRORJLDV
GDRSomR$TXHpSRUWDQWRFRUUHWD
DLQGHSHQGHGDHYROXomRGRKRPHP
'L]HU TXH HVVH FRQKHFLPHQWR p LPSRUWDQWH SHOR
EUHÀHWHRJUDXGHHYROXomRGRKRPHP
IDWRGH¿FDUPRVVDEHQGRFRPVXUJLUDPDVGLYHUVDV
FGLPLQXLFRPDHYROXomRGRKRPHP
IHUUDPHQWDVHDXWLOLGDGHGHFDGDXPDGHODVQmRID]
GLPSHGHDHYROXomRGRKRPHP
RPHQRUVHQWLGR3RULVVRDRSomR%HVWiLQFRUUHWD
$LGpLDGHTXHDDJULFXOWXUDHDWHFQRORJLDSUHFLVDP
HVWDU LQWHJUDGDV SDUD TXH VH SRVVD DOFDQoDU R
GHVHQYROYLPHQWR QmR WHP UHODomR FRP R IDWR GH
FRQKHFHUPRV D HYROXomR GR KRPHP 2SomR &
LQFRUUHWD
)LQDOPHQWH R IDWR GH DSUHQGHUPRV FRPR RQGH
1R SHQ~OWLPR SDUiJUDIR GR 7H[WR  HVWi HVFULWR
H TXDQGR VXUJLX D HVFULWD H D RULJHP GDV JUDQGHV
³&RPR VDEHPRV D FDGD SHUtRGR GD HYROXomR
QDYHJDo}HV LQGHSHQGH GH FRQKHFHUPRV VREUH
KXPDQD R KRPHP DSUHVHQWDVH FRP QRYDV
D HYROXomR GR KRPHP PDV VLP VREUH D KLVWyULD
HVWUXWXUDV ItVLFDV H PHQWDLV R TXH OKH SRVVLELOLWD
XQLYHUVDO
GRPLQDU R PHLR DPELHQWH REVHUYDU RV IHQ{PHQRV
TXHRFHUFDPHFULDUHXWLOL]DUQRYDVWHFQRORJLDV´
23d­2&255(7$/(75$%
'LDQWH GLVVR D RSomR $ HVWi LQFRUUHWD SRLV QHOD
VH D¿UPD TXH R XVR GDV WHFQRORJLDV GHSHQGH GD
 2V DXWRUHV GR 7H[WR  FUrHP TXH D RSomR
HYROXomRGRKRPHP
UHOLJLRVD p GH OLYUH HVFROKD GH FDGD XP (VVD
$RSomR%HVWiFRUUHWDSRLVQHODVHUHD¿UPDRTXH
OLEHUGDGH GH RSomR DSDUHFH HVSHFL¿FDPHQWH
HVWi H[SUHVVR QR WUHFKR RX VHMD TXH TXDQWR PDLV
QR VHJXLQWH $UWLJR GD 'HFODUDomR 8QLYHUVDO GH
HYROXtPRVPDLVGRPLQDPRVRPHLRDPELHQWHHPDLV
'LUHLWRV+XPDQRV
FULDPRVHXWLOL]DPRVDWHFQRORJLD
D$UWLJR,,7RGDSHVVRDWHPFDSDFLGDGHSDUDJR]DU
$RSomR&D¿UPDTXHRXVRGDVWHFQRORJLDVGLPLQXL
RVGLUHLWRVHDVOLEHUGDGHVHVWDEHOHFLGRVQHVWD'H
FRP D HYROXomR KXPDQD H LVVR p R RSRVWR GR TXH
FODUDomRVHPGLVWLQomRGHTXDOTXHUHVSpFLHVHMDGH
HVWiH[SUHVVRQRWH[WR
UDoDFRUVH[ROtQJXDUHOLJLmRRSLQLmRS~EOLFDRXGH
4XDQWR j RSomR ' QmR Ki QHQKXPD HYLGrQFLD QR
RXWUD QDWXUH]D RULJHP QDFLRQDO RX VRFLDO ULTXH]D
7H[WRTXHSRVVDFRPSURYDURTXHDOLVHD¿UPD
QDVFLPHQWRRXTXDOTXHURXWUDFRQGLomR
E$UWLJR;9,,,7RGDSHVVRDWHPGLUHLWRjOLEHUGDGH
23d­2&255(7$/(75$%
GH SHQVDPHQWR FRQVFLrQFLD H UHOLJLmR HVWH GLUHLWR
LQFOXLDOLEHUGDGHGHPXGDUGHUHOLJLmRRXFUHQoDHD
&RQKHFHUVREUHDHYROXomRGRKRPHPpLP

115

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte

Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

OLEHUGDGHGHPDQLIHVWDUHVVDUHOLJLmRRXFUHQoDSHOR
HQVLQR SHOD SUiWLFD SHOR FXOWR H SHOD REVHUYkQFLD
LVRODGDRXFROHWLYDPHQWHHPS~EOLFRRXHPSDUWLFX
ODU
F$UWLJR;;,,,7RGDSHVVRDWHPGLUHLWRDRWUDEDOKR
jOLYUHHVFROKDGHHPSUHJRDFRQGLo}HVMXVWDVHID
YRUiYHLV GH WUDEDOKR H j SURWHomR FRQWUD R GHVHP 3DUDUHVSRQGHUDHVVDTXHVWmRSUHFLVDPRVUHOHUR
SUHJR VHJXLQWHSDUiJUDIRGR7H[WR
G$UWLJR ;;,9 7RGD SHVVRD WHP GLUHLWR D UHSRXVR
HOD]HULQFOXVLYHDOLPLWDomRUD]RiYHOGDVKRUDVGH
WUDEDOKRHIpULDVSHULyGLFDVUHPXQHUDGDV
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
2FRPDQGRGDTXHVWmRIDODHPOLEHUGDGHUHOLJLRVD
3RUWDQWR GHYHPRV EXVFDU D RSomR TXH DSUHVHQWD
XP$UWLJR GD 'HFODUDomR GH 'LUHLWRV +XPDQRV TXH
DERUGDHVVHWHPD
$ RSomR $ D¿UPD TXH QR $UWLJR ,, HVWi H[SUHVVR
TXH WRGDV DV SHVVRDV LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GH FRU
UHOLJLmR OtQJXD VH[R RX RSLQLmR WHP R GLUHLWR GH
JR]DU GRV GLUHLWRV H[SUHVVRV QD 'HFODUDomR ,VVR
QmRpRTXHVHEXVFDFHUWR"
9DPRVjRSomR%TXHDSUHVHQWDR$UWLJR;9,,,HP
TXHVHH[SUHVVDTXHFDGDXPGHQyVWHPGLUHLWRj
OLEHUGDGH GH SHQVDPHQWR FRQVFLrQFLD H UHOLJLmR
3URQWRHUDLVVRRTXHTXHUtDPRVDUHOLJLmRpXPD
HVFROKDLQGLYLGXDO2SomRFRUUHWD
$SHVDU GH Mi WHUPRV GHVFREHUWR D UHVSRVWD YDOH D
SHQDFRQKHFHURVWHPDVGDVRSo}HV&H'HUHÀHWLU
VREUH HOHV (P & IDODVH TXH WHPRV GLUHLWR D XP
 ³'XUDQWH FHUFD GH  GHVVDV GXDV
FHQWHQDV GH PLOKDUHV GH DQRV IRPRV QRV
DJUXSDQGR HP EDQGRV Q{PDGHV H YLYHPRV
GD FDoD H GD FROHWD 3RUWDQWR WtQKDPRV
XPD FRQYLYrQFLD YROWDGD DSHQDV SDUD D
VREUHYLYrQFLD GD HVSpFLH QmR SODQWiYDPRV
QHP GRPHVWLFiYDPRV DQLPDLV DVVLP FRPR
QmRXViYDPRVHPQRVVRYRFDEXOiULRWHUPRV
FRPR SRVVXLGRU H SRVVHV SRLV D QDWXUH]D
HUDSDWULP{QLRGHWRGRV´
$JRUD¿FRXFODURTXHGXUDQWHPLOKDUHVGHDQRVQmR
SODQWiYDPRV QHP GRPHVWLFiYDPRV DQLPDLV SRLV
SHQViYDPRVTXHDQDWXUH]DHUDSDWULP{QLRGHWRGRV
FRQIRUPHHVWiGLWRQDOHWUD%$OHWUD$HVWiLQFRUUHWD
SRUTXHQHPDJRUDVRPRVVHUHVHYROXtGRVHVWDPRV
VHPSUH HP FRQVWDQWH HYROXomR $ OHWUD & WDPEpP
QmR HVWi FRUUHWD SRLV R IDWR GH TXH GHYHUtDPRV
SURGX]LU SURGXWRV SDUD VXSULU QRVVDV QHFHVVLGDGHV
QmR HVWi PHQFLRQDGR QR WH[WR $ OHWUD ' WDPEpP
HVWiLQFRUUHWDSRLVQmRHVWiGLWRQRWH[WRTXHRPHLR
DPELHQWHGHYHULDVHUGRPLQDGRSHORKRPHP
23d­2&255(7$/(75$%
WUDEDOKR HP FRQGLo}HV MXVWDV H QD RSomR ' TXH  1R ~OWLPR SDUiJUDIR GR 7H[WR  RV DXWRUHV
WDPEpPWHPRVGLUHLWRDROD]HU FKDPDPDDWHQomRSDUDRIDWRGHDSyVELOK}HVGH
DQRVQyVMiHVWDUPRVGHVHQYROYHQGRSURFHVVRV
23d­2&255(7$/(75$% GH FORQDJHP 'R SRQWR GH YLVWD GD pWLFD QR
GHVHQYROYLPHQWRFLHQWt¿FRpQHFHVViULRTXH
 $ KLVWyULD PRVWUD TXH QyV VHUHV KXPDQRV D VHMDP LQFHQWLYDGRV ¿QDQFHLUDPHQWH HVVHV
VHPSUHYLYHPRVHPVRFLHGDGHHHPFDGDSHUtRGR SURFHVVRVSDUDTXHDFLrQFLDVHGHVHQYROYD
HYROXWLYR HP FDGD HVSDoR VRFLDO DVVXPLPRV E VHMDP DFRPSDQKDGDV WRGDV DV SHVTXLVDV FRP
SRVWXUDV TXH UHÀHWHP D QRVVD PDQHLUD GH SURFHVVRV GH FORQDJHP SDUD TXH RV UHVXOWDGRV
SHUFHEHURPXQGR'XUDQWHFHQWHQDVGHPLOKDUHV SRVVDPVHUFRPSDUDGRVHQWUHVL
GH DQRV SRU H[HPSOR QmR SODQWiYDPRV QHP F VHMDP GH¿QLGRV FULWpULRV GH UHDOL]DomR GHVVDV
GRPHVWLFiYDPRV DQLPDLV SRLV DFUHGLWiYDPRV SHVTXLVDVSDUDTXHKDMDUHVSHLWRDFDGDLQGLYtGXR
TXH G VHMDP LQYHVWLJDGRV RV FDVRV GH DEXVR GHVVDV
DpUDPRVVHUHVHYROXtGRV SUiWLFDVSDUDTXHVHMDDOLPHQWDGRREDQFRGHGDGRV
EDQDWXUH]DHUDSDWULP{QLRGHWRGRV GHLQIUDo}HV
F GHYHUtDPRV SURGX]LU SURGXWRV SDUD VXSULU DV
QRVVDVQHFHVVLGDGHV
G R PHLR DPELHQWH GHYHULD VHU GRPLQDGR SHOR
KRPHP

116

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania
Evolução

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

117
 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte

Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

$OLDU R HVWXGR GD %LRORJLD DR HVWXGR GD +LVWyULD p 23d­2&255(7$/(75$$

PXLWRLPSRUWDQWHSDUDTXHFRPSUHHQGDPRVTXHRV
IHQ{PHQRV QmR SRGHP VHU YLVWRV DSHQDV VRE XP
~QLFR SRQWR GH YLVWD SRUTXH R FRQKHFLPHQWR p XP
WRGRFRPRHVWiGLWRQDOHWUD$1mRSRGHPRVGL]HU
TXH R HVWXGR GD %LRORJLD p PDLV LPSRUWDQWH TXH R
HVWXGR GD +LVWyULD SRUTXH D %LRORJLD TXH HVWXGD
 ¬ VHPHOKDQoD GRV QRVVRV DQFHVWUDLV
TXH PLJUDYDP GHYLGR D IDWRUHV FOLPiWLFRV R
QRUGHVWLQRVRIUHFRPDVHVWLDJHQVTXHRREULJDP
DDEDQGRQDUVHXOXJDUGHRULJHP8PDVROXomR
DGHTXDGDGRSRQWRGHYLVWDpWLFRVHULD
D YLGD p HOD SUySULD R HVWXGR GD KLVWyULD GD YLGD D FRQVWUXLU FLVWHUQDV H DoXGHV FROHWLYRV SDUD
/HWUD%LQFRUUHWD-iD¿UPDUTXHRFyGLJRJHQpWLFR DUPD]HQDUiJXD
SRGHULD VHU GHFLIUDGR DSHQDV FRP R FRQKHFLPHQWR EIRUQHFHUiJXDGHJUDoDSDUDDSRSXODomR
GD OLQJXDJHP FLHQWt¿FD VHULD SRVVtYHO PDV QmR FGRWDUWRGDVDVFDVDVFRPiJXDWUDWDGD
VX¿FLHQWH SDUD VH FRQKHFHU D KLVWyULD GR KRPHP GLQVWLWXLUR³FKHTXHiJXD´
)LQDOPHQWHD¿UPDUTXHQDGDSRGHULDVHUIHLWRVHPR
XVRGD0DWHPiWLFDpXPH[DJHURFRQFRUGD"
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

23d­2&255(7$/(75$$

$KLVWyULDPRVWUDTXHRKRPHPWHYHVHPSUH
FRPRSULQFLSDOGHVD¿RDFRQVWDQWHQHFHVVLGDGH
GH DGDSWDUVH jV GLYHUVDV GL¿FXOGDGHV 1HVVH
VHQWLGRRKRPHPSUHFLVRXID]HUXVRGHDOJXPDV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVFRPR
8PD VROXomR SDUD D IDOWD GH iJXD QR QRUGHVWH
GR SRQWR GH YLVWD pWLFR VHULD FRQVWUXLU FLVWHUQDV
RX DoXGHV FROHWLYRV  SRLV LVWR DWHQGHULD WDQWR jV
SHVVRDVTXDQWRSRVVLELOLWDULDRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGD
D D FULDWLYLGDGH H D FDSDFLGDGH GH RUJDQL]DomR ODYRXUDHGDSHFXiULD$VVLPHVWiFRUUHWDDRSomR&
VRFLDO )RUQHFHUiJXDGHJUDoDSDUDDSRSXODomRVHULDERP
EDSHUVLVWrQFLDHDHVFROKDGDUHOLJLmR PDVQmRVHULDWDOYH]SRVVtYHOQXPDUHJLmRRQGHKi
FDFRRSHUDomRHDEXVFDGDVSUySULDVRULJHQV IDOWD GH iJXD -i GRWDU WRGDV DV FDVDV FRP iJXD
GDDOLPHQWDomRHRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRWHFQROyJLFR WUDWDGDVHULDLGHDOPDVPXLWRGLItFLOHPUHJL}HVRQGH
QmRKiVDQHDPHQWREiVLFR$OpPGLVVRHPERUDLVVR
DWHQGHVVHDRVPRUDGRUHVQmRDWHQGHULDjDJULFXOWXUD
HjSHFXiULD$VFLVWHUQDVHRVDoXGHVEHQH¿FLDULDP
DWRGRVJDUDQWLQGRHWLFDPHQWHRDEDVWHFLPHQWRGH
iJXDWDQWRGRPLFLOLDUTXDQWRFROHWLYRHPpSRFDVGH
HVWLDJHP$ LGpLD GH LQVWLWXLU R ³FKHTXHiJXD´ VHULD
(VVDpIiFLO$VFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHTXHRKRPHPPDLV PDLVXPDEVXUGRSROtWLFRHPTXHVHHVWDULDXVDQGR
SUHFLVRXSDUDDGDSWDUVHjVGLYHUVDVGL¿FXOGDGHVDR DiJXDFRPR³PRHGDGHWURFD´SDUDVHREWHUYRWRV
ORQJRGHVHXSURFHVVRHYROXWLYRIRUDPFRPFHUWH]D TXDQGRVDEHPRVTXHDiJXDpXPGLUHLWRGHWRGRV
D FULDWLYLGDGH H D FDSDFLGDGH GH RUJDQL]DomR
VRFLDO OHWUD $ $ SHUVLVWrQFLD WDPEpP VHULD XPD 23d­2&255(7$/(75$$
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDLPSRUWDQWHPDVDHVFROKDGDUHOLJLmR
QmR WHP UHODomR FRP D DGDSWDomR jV GL¿FXOGDGHV
,QFRUUHWDDOHWUD%
$ DWLWXGH FRRSHUDWLYD WDPEpP p LPSRUWDQWH PDV D
EXVFDGDVSUySULDVRULJHQVQmRLQÀXHQFLDULDSDUDTXH
RKRPHPVHDGDSWDVVHjVQHFHVVLGDGHV,QFRUUHWDD
OHWUD&
$ DOLPHQWDomR TXH WLSR GH DOLPHQWDomR" DSHVDU
GH DSDUHFHU FRPR XPD FDUDFWHUtVWLFD PXLWR YDJD
p XP IDWRU GH DGDSWDomR PDV R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR
WHFQROyJLFR QmR p FDUDFWHUtVWLFD HVSHFt¿FD GR VHU
KXPDQR p XP SURFHVVR SURGX]LGR SHOR SUySULR
KRPHP SDUD DGDSWDUVH jV QHFHVVLGDGHV GD YLGD
PRGHUQD

118

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR
Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania
Evolução

6,08/$'2

101100 101111
101011 101111
101100 101100
101000 101100

1
0 10
0
10 1 1 1
0 0

10
0

0
1

1 1
7(;723RHPD

6HU+XPDQR 3REUHGHVWLQR
(UDXPDYH]KiPXLWRWHPSRDWUiV 8PVHUEULOKDQWH
8PVHUPXLWRGLIHUHQWH &ULRXXPDWiWLFDGHFRQTXLVWDWmRPHVTXLQKD
(UDSHTXHQRHVDJD] FKDPRXDJXHUUDQXPLQVWDQWH

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
$QLPDOPXLWRLQWHOLJHQWH (DJXHUUDFULRXDVDUPDV
(YROXLXHFRQVHJXLX (VVDWiWLFDQmRGHL[DYHVWtJLR
6REUHGXDVSDWDVHTXLOLEUDUVH $JRUDRDUURJDQWHVHUVHPDWDDRVSRXFRV
$QGDQGRDJRUDVRUULX 1DVFHUDPDPRUWHHRVXLFtGLR
3DURXGHUDVWHMDUVH 6HULDHOHWmRHYROXtGRSDUDVDEHU
&RUUHX $KRUDHPTXHFDGDXPGHYHSDUWLU"
&RUUHXSHODHYROXomR 6HULDHOHDSHQDVLQVHQVtYHO"
(YROXLX 6HUiTXHFRQVHJXLUiHPHUJLU"
&DXVDQGRPXLWDGHVWUXLomR 7HULDHOHDSUHQGLGRWXGRHPOLYURV"
'HVFREULX 4XDODSULPHLUDSDODYUDHVFULWD"
2IRJRHTXHLPRXWXGRDRUHGRU 4XHPGHXDSULPHLUDRUGHP"
6HJXLX 4XHPIH]DSULPHLUDELULWD"
1mRSRGLD¿FDUSLRU 4XHPFULRXRSULPHLUR'HXV"
'RPXQGRUHLYLURX 4XHPWHYHIpQDHYROXomR"
2PDLRUVHUTXHMiH[LVWLX 4XHPIH]DSULPHLUDULPD"
8PVHUWmRJUDQGHTXHR3ODQHWDRFXSRX 4XHPFDXVRXWDQWDGHVWUXLomR"
(VXDUDoDVHH[SDQGLX 3HORH[FHVVRGHLQWHOLJrQFLD
6XD¿VLRQRPLDVHDGDSWRXDRDPELHQWH 7RUQRXVHXPVHUDOLHQDGR
6HXPD[LODUHVHXFUkQLRGLPLQXtUDP (WHQGRVLGRSHORSUySULR'HXVFULDGR
6HXVEUDoRVQmRPDLVDRFKmR¿FDUDPUHQWHV &RPRWHPSRIRLVHQGRGHVHUGDGR
6HXVGHVFHQGHQWHVQmRPDLVFDtUDP eDJRUDXPVHUJUDQGHPHQWHLJQRUDQWH
1mRPDLVVHQWLXRFKmRVHFDOoRX 1mRFRPSUHHQGHDVLSUySULR
3DUHFHTXHIRLLVVRTXHDFDUUHWRX 1mRHQ[HUJDDSUySULDVRPEUD
$GLPLQXLomRGDVXDLQWHOLJrQFLD 1mRHQ[HUJDQHPRTXHYr
6HXFpUHEURUHWDUGRX

3RHPDHVFULWRSRU3ULVFLOD&XQKD3UL&XQKD%HOIRUG5R[R5-%UDVLODQRV(VFULWRUD$PDGRUDGLVSRQtYHOHPKWWS
UHFDQWRGDVOHWUDVXROFRPEUSRHVLDVDFHVVRHPGHPDLRGHDGDSWDGRSDUDXVRGLGiWLFRFRPDYDO
GDDXWRUD

7(;72±7H[WRGLGiWLFR&LrQFLDV

2VHUKXPDQRVHPSUHGHPRQVWURXLQWHUHVVHSHORVHXSDVVDGR,VVRMiHUDFRPXPHQWUHSRYRVDQWL
JRVFRPRRVJUHJRVHRVEDELO{QLRVTXHUHFROKLDPREMHWRVDQWLJRVHRVFROHFLRQDYDPRUJDQL]DQGRGHVVD
IRUPDRVSULPHLURVPXVHXV
(PIXQomRGHIDWRUHVFRPRGHVDVWUHVFOLPiWLFRVJXHUUDVHGHSUHGDo}HVPXLWDVULTXH]DVFXOWXUDLV
IRUDPVRWHUUDGDVRTXHOHYDDWXDOPHQWHRKRPHPDEXVFiODVDWUDYpVGHHVFDYDo}HVHPWHUUHQRVGHQRPL
QDGRVVtWLRVDUTXHROyJLFRV
$QWHULRUPHQWHHVVDVEXVFDVWLQKDPRREMHWLYRDSHQDVGHUHFXSHUDUSHoDVFRQVLGHUDGDVH[yWLFDV
VRPHQWHQR¿QDOGRVpFXOR;,;XPJHQHUDOGRH[pUFLWREULWkQLFRGHVHQYROYHXIRUPDVFLHQWt¿FDVSDUDDV

119

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte

Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

SHVTXLVDVGHFDPSRFULDQGRDVVLPDFLrQFLDGD$UTXHRORJLD
$WXDOPHQWHRKRPHPQmRVHSUHRFXSDDSHQDVHPEXVFDUHVVDVSHoDVH[yWLFDVTXDQGRID]HV
FDYDo}HVDUTXHROyJLFDVVHXREMHWLYRPDLVIRUWHpGHVFREULUWUDQVPLWLUHFRQVHUYDUFXOWXUDVMiGHVDSDUHFLGDV
FRPRXPDIRUPDGHSUHVHUYDURVPRGHORVGHYLGDGHSRYRVRXUDoDVGHVDSDUHFLGDV
1R5LR*UDQGHGR1RUWHSRUH[HPSORQRPXQLFtSLRGH6DQWDQDGR0DWRVDXPDGLVWkQFLDGH
TXLO{PHWURVGH1DWDOIRUDPFDWDORJDGRVQRV~OWLPRVWUrVDQRVFHUFDGHQRYRVVtWLRVDUTXHROyJLFRVHQ
FUDYDGRVHPVHUUDVGDTXHODUHJLmR(VVHVVtWLRVWrPRVPDLVYDULDGRVWDPDQKRVGHSHQGHQGRGDWRSRJUD¿D
GRWHUUHQRHGDVFRQGLo}HVGHWUDEDOKRGHFDGDHTXLSHGHHVFDYDomR$VSLQWXUDVHQFRQWUDGDVQHVVHVVtWLRV
GDWDPGHDWpPLODQRV
1R3LDXtH[LVWHRVLWLR7RFDGR%DL[mRGDV0XOKHUHV,,QD6HUUDGD&DSLYDUDRTXDOVHHQFRQWUDD
XPDDOWLWXGHGHPHSRVVXLGLPHQV}HVGHP[P

7H[WRHVFULWRHVSHFLDOPHQWHSDUDHVWHIDVFtFXORSHOR3URIHVVRU0DQRHO/RSHVDSDUWLUGRVLWHKWWSZZZLWDXFXOWXUDO
RUJEUDUTXHRORJLD
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

*ORVViULR
VtWLRVDUTXHROyJLFRVORFDORXJUXSRGHORFDLVGH¿QLGRVFRPSUHFLVmRRQGH¿FDUDPSUHVHUYDGRVWHVWHPXQKRVH
HYLGrQFLDVGHDWLYLGDGHVGRSDVVDGRKLVWyULFRSUpKLVWyULFRRXQmR

7(;72±5HSRUWDJHP

02180(1726(0&21&+$6)(,7263$5$'85$5

+i SHOR PHQRV  DQRV XPD ERD SDUWH GR OLWRUDO EUDVLOHLUR
FRPHoRXDVHURFXSDGDSRUJUXSRVTXHVHYROWDYDPDH[SORUDURDPEL
HQWHPDULQKRYLYHQGRSULQFLSDOPHQWHGDSHVFDHGDFROHWDGHPROXVFRV
HPERUD WDPEpP FDoDVVHP H FROHWDVVHP GLIHUHQWHV SURGXWRV YHJHWDLV
3HUPDQHFHUDPDOLSRUTXDVHDQRVPDVIRLHQWUHHTXH
DOFDQoDUDPVHXPDLRUGHVHQYROYLPHQWR
2QRPHVDPEDTXLYHPGDOtQJXDWXSLWDPSD±PDULVFRH.L 
DPRQWRDGR H p PDLV RX PHQRV LVWR TXH RV VDPEDTXLV UHSUHVHQWDP
*UXSRVTXHKDELWDUDPROLWRUDOHWLQKDPRKiELWRGHMXQWDUHPXPPHVPR
OXJDUDVFRLVDVTXHID]LDPHFRPLDP 0RQXPHQWRFRQVWUXtGRFRPFRQFKDV2
(PXPVtWLRVDPEDTXLHQFRQWUDPRVPDUFDVGHIRJXHLUDVGHKDE VDPEDTXLVHGHVWDFDQDSDLVDJHP
LWDo}HVUHVWRVGHDOLPHQWRHGH]HQDVGHVHSXOWDPHQWRV(QFRQWUDPRV 2 VtWLR )LJXHLULQKD, HP -DJXDUXQD
DLQGDPXLWRVLQVWUXPHQWRVTXHRVJUXSRVXWLOL]DYDPHPVXDVDWLYLGDGHV
FRPRSRQWDVSURMpWHLVHPRVVROkPLQDVGHPDFKDGRTXHEUDFRTXLQKRV
DJXOKDVSHVRVGHUHGHDQ]yLVHRXWURVPDLV

KWWSZZZLWDXFXOWXUDORUJEUDUTXHRORJLD$FHVVRHPGHPDLRGH
7(;72(QWUHYLVWD
$ DOXQD 3URFLWLDQD HVWDYD HVWXGDQGR VREUH D
RULJHP GD OLQJXDJHP KXPDQD H j PHGLGD TXH LD
SHVTXLVDQGR VREUH R DVVXQWR VXUJLUDP PXLWDV
G~YLGDV(QWmRHODUHVROYHXDJHQGDUXPDHQWUHYLVWD
FRP(VFODUHFLOGDGD/X]SURIHVVRUDGR,)51(LVD
HQWUHYLVWDQDtQWHJUD
3URFLWLDQD ± 3URIHVVRUD HX Mi OL EDVWDQWH VREUH D
HYROXomR GD OLQJXDJHP KXPDQD PDV DLQGD QmR
FRQVHJXLVDEHUQHPTXDQGRQHPTXHPLQYHQWRXD
OLQJXDJHPVHUiTXHDVHQKRUDSRGHULDPHDMXGDU"
120

6&DWLQJHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHPGH
DOWXUD
(VFODUHFLOGD ± &ODUR TXH VLP 3URFLWLDQD PDV
YDPRV FRP FDOPD 9DPRV SHQVDU HP FDGD FRLVD
GH XPD YH] &RPR YRFr VDEH WRGRV RV DQLPDLV
VH FRPXQLFDP PDV Vy QyV VHUHV KXPDQRV
VRPRV FDSD]HV GH ID]HU SHUJXQWDV FRQWDU SLDGDV
FULDU KLVWyULDV PHQWLU SRGHPRV DWp FRQYHUVDU
VLOHQFLRVDPHQWH FRP QRVVR SUySULR SHQVDPHQWR
SRGHPRV VRQKDU SRGHPRV FRQWDU QRVVRV VRQKRV
SRGHPRV LQFOXVLYH SODQHMDU Do}HV SDUD FRQFUHWL]DU
QRVVRVVRQKRVHH[HFXWiODVSDVVRDSDVVR$OLiV
pHVVDFDSDFLGDGHGHGRPLQDUDOLQJXDJHPTXHQRV
GLIHUHQFLDGRVDQLPDLV
 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania

Evolução

3URFLWLDQD ± e SURIHVVRUD PDV SHOR TXH HX OL Q~PHURVQDWXUDLVFXMRVHOHPHQWRVVmRHHFXMR

QR FRPHoR GD FLYLOL]DomR HVVDV KDELOLGDGHV QmR UHVXOWDGR p  $VVLP FRPR YRFr YLX D OLQJXDJHP
HVWDYDPWmRGHVHQYROYLGDVDVVLP PDWHPiWLFD p XPD OLQJXDJHP EDVWDQWH FRQFLVD
DOpPGHVHUGHFRQKHFLPHQWRXQLYHUVDO
(VFODUHFLOGD ± 9RFr WHP WRGD UD]mR PHQLQD $
OLQJXDJHP WHP VLGR R UHVXOWDGR GH XPD DGDSWDomR 3URFLWLDQD±0DVHRVJUi¿FRVRVGLDJUDPDVHRV
PXLWR LPSRUWDQWH QR GHVHQURODU GD HYROXomR GD GHVHQKRVXVDGRVQDPDWHPiWLFD"7DPEpPVmRXP
HVSpFLHKXPDQD WLSRGHOLQJXDJHP"

3URFLWLDQD±1mRHQWHQGLSURIHVVRUD&RPRDVVLP (VFODUHFLOGD±([DWDPHQWHeDFKDPDGDOLQJXDJHP
XPDDGDSWDomR" SLFWyULFD RX QmRYHUEDO (VVD OLQJXDJHP ID] SDUWH
GH DOJXQV JrQHURV WH[WXDLV TXH SDUD VHUHP EHP
(VFODUHFLOGD ± 3RUTXH R KRPHP DR ORQJR GH VXD FRPSUHHQGLGRVSUHFLVDPVHU³OLGRV´WDQWRGRSRQWR
HYROXomR IRL SUHFLVDQGR DGDSWDU D OLQJXDJHP SDUD GH YLVWD GD OLQJXDJHP QDWXUDO FRPR GD OLQJXDJHP

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
DWHQGHUjVVXDVQHFHVVLGDGHVFRPRFRPXQLFDUVH PDWHPiWLFD3HQVHSRUH[HPSORHPXPJUi¿FRGH
FRQVWUXLUQRo}HVGHWHPSRHGHHVSDoRHLQÀXHQFLDU VHWRUHVRIDPRVRJUi¿FRGHSL]]D3DUDFRPSUHHQGr
VHPXWXDPHQWHeDWUDYpVGDOLQJXDJHPTXHSRGHPRV OR WHPRV TXH SHUFHEHU DV FRUHV RV YDORUHV H RV
QRVVHQWLUKXPDQRVSRLVFRPRMiH[SOLTXHLpDWUDYpV VHXVUHVSHFWLYRVVLJQL¿FDGRV
GD OLQJXDJHP TXH QRV GHVFREULPRV GLIHUHQWHV GRV
RXWURVDQLPDLV 3URFLWLDQD ± ( VREUH D HYROXomR GD OLQJXDJHP
PDWHPiWLFDRTXHDVHQKRUDSRGHULDIDODU"
3URFLWLDQD±0XLWRLQWHUHVVDQWHTXHUGL]HUHQWmR
TXHRKRPHPFRPHoRXDGHVHQYROYHUDOLQJXDJHP (VFODUHFLOGD ± 2 TXH HX SRGHULD GL]HU p TXH D
DWUDYpV GD IDOD H GH DFRUGR FRP DV QHFHVVLGDGHV OLQJXDJHP PDWHPiWLFD DVVLP FRPR D OLQJXDJHP
TXHLDPVXUJLQGRDRORQJRGHVXDKLVWyULD" QDWXUDOSUHFLVRXDFRPSDQKDURGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGD
VRFLHGDGH
(VFODUHFLOGD ± ,VVR 2 KRPHP LQLFLRX VXD
FRPXQLFDomR SRU PHLR GH UXtGRV GH SDODYUDVGH 3URFLWLDQD±$K(QWmRTXHUGL]HUTXHDOLQJXDJHP
GHVHQKRV TXH HYROXLX SDUD D HVFULWD FRP R XVR QDWXUDO H D OLQJXDJHP PDWHPiWLFD IRUDP HYROXLQGR
GDVOHWUDVHQ~PHURV MXQWR FRP R KRPHP DR ORQJR GH VXD KLVWyULD SDUD
DWHQGHU jV QHFHVVLGDGHV TXH LDP VXUJLQGR QD VXD
3URFLWLDQD ± ( SRU IDODU HP Q~PHURV R TXH D LQWHUDomRFRPRPHLRDPELHQWHFRUUHWR"
VHQKRUD PH GL] VREUH D PDWHPiWLFD"7DPEpP WHP
XPD OLQJXDJHP" (VVD OLQJXDJHP WDPEpP VRIUHX (VFODUHFLOGD ± ,VVR PHVPR $FKR TXH YRFr
HYROXomRDRORQJRGDKLVWyULDGRKRPHP" FRPSUHHQGHX GLUHLWLQKR 0DV WHP XPD OLQJXDJHP
GDTXDOQmRIDODPRVHpWDPEpPPXLWRLPSRUWDQWHD
(VFODUHFLOGD±7DPEpP$PDWHPiWLFDpXPDFLrQFLD OLQJXDJHPFRUSRUDOTXHHQYROYHDH[SUHVVmRIDFLDO
TXHSRVVXLXPDOLQJXDJHPSUySULD(VVDOLQJXDJHP D IRUPD FRPR VHQWDPRV FRPR DQGDPRV FRPR
IRLVHGHVHQYROYHQGRWDPEpPDRORQJRGDKLVWyULD ROKDPRV SDUD DV RXWUDV SHVVRDV RV JHVWRV TXH
ID]HPRV FUX]DU RV EUDoRV SLVFDU RV ROKRV HWF
3URFLWLDQD ± (X REVHUYHL TXH D OLQJXDJHP 1RVVRFRUSRIDODMiGL]RWtWXORGROLYURGH3HLUUH:HLO
PDWHPiWLFD DVVLP FRPR D OLQJXDJHP GD P~VLFD H5RODQG7RPSDNRZ
XWLOL]D DOJXQV VtPERORV TXH SRGHP VHU HQWHQGLGRV
SRUSHVVRDVGHYiULRVSDtVHVVHUiTXHDOLQJXDJHP 3URFLWLDQD ± 3X[D HX QXQFD WLQKD SHQVDGR QLVVR
PDWHPiWLFDpXPDOLQJXDJHPXQLYHUVDO" 4XHLQWHUHVVDQWH(QWmRPXLWRREULJDGDSURIHVVRUD
H FRP OLFHQoD TXH HX YRX WUDQVFUHYHU WRGD QRVVD
(VFODUHFLOGD ± &ODUR TXH VLP 3URFLWLDQD 2V HQWUHYLVWDSDUDSXEOLFDUQROLYURGR3URFLW
VtPERORV XWLOL]DGRV QD PDWHPiWLFD VmR RV PHVPRV
HPTXDOTXHUOtQJXDDVVLPFRPRDVUHJUDVXWLOL]DGDV 7H[WR SURGX]LGR SHODV SURIHVVRUDV /HRQRU &ULVWLDQH H
SRUHVVDFLrQFLD2TXHYDLPXGDUpDOtQJXDQDWXUDO $QD/~FLDHVSHFLDOPHQWHSDUDHVWHVLPXODGR
TXH YDL VHUYLU GH VXSRUWH SDUD HVVD OLQJXDJHP
$VVLP VH HX HVFUHYHU      TXDOTXHU SHVVRD
TXH FRQKHoD D OLQJXDJHP PDWHPiWLFD SRGHUi
FRPSUHHQGHUTXHVHWUDWDGHXPDDGLomRHQWUHGRLV

121

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte

Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

/Ë1*8$32578*8(6$

$VVLQDOHDRSomRTXHDSUHVHQWDDVHTrQFLDTXHPHOKRUUHSUHVHQWDDVLGpLDVGRSRHPD

D
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

2SRHPD7H[WRIDODVREUHRVHUKXPDQRH 5HOHLDRYHUVR³$KRUDHPTXHFDGDXPGHYH

GHIHQGHTXH SDUWLU´&RQVLGHUDQGRRVHQWLGRJOREDOGRSRHPD
D (UDXPDQLPDOPXLWRLQWHOLJHQWHSRUTXHFRQVHJXLX DSDODYUDVXEOLQKDGDVLJQL¿FD
HTXLOLEUDUVHVREUHGXDVSDWDV D FRUWDU
E &DXVRX PXLWD GHVWUXLomR SRUTXH GHVFREULX R E GLYLGLU
IRJRFULRXDJXHUUDHRFXSRXR3ODQHWD F PRUUHU
F 6XD LQWHOLJrQFLD GLPLQXLX SRUTXH HOH SUHFLVRX G VXPLU
DGDSWDUVHDRPHLRDPELHQWH
G 7RUQRXVHXPVHUDOLHQDGRSRUTXHVXDDUURJkQFLD 2EVHUYHRXVRGDSDODYUDDJRUDHPGRLVYHUVRV
RLPSHGLDGHHQ[HUJDUDUHDOLGDGH GRSRHPD

122

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania

Evolução

$QGDQGRDJRUDVRUULX YHUEDO
eDJRUDXPVHUJUDQGHPHQWHLJQRUDQWH D ,,,H,,,HVWmRFRUUHWDV
E ,,,,,H,9HVWmRFRUUHWDV
&RQVLGHUDQGRVHXVLJQL¿FDGRQRFRQWH[WRGR F ,,,,H,9HVWmRFRUUHWDV
SRHPDpFRUUHWRD¿UPDUTXH G ,,,H,9HVWmRFRUUHWDV
D VHXVLJQL¿FDGRpRPHVPRHPHHP
E HPHVVDSDODYUDVLJQL¿FDKRMHHPGLD 1R7H[WRRWUHFKR³DOLQJXDJHPPDWHPiWLFD
F HPHVVDSDODYUDVLJQL¿FDDWXDOPHQWH pXPDOLQJXDJHPEDVWDQWHFRQFLVD´DSDODYUD
G HPHVVDSDODYUDVLJQL¿FDFRQWHQWHHHP VXEOLQKDGDVLJQL¿FD
SRUWDQWR D FODUD
E IUDFD
'HDFRUGRFRPR7H[WRpFRUUHWRD¿UPDUTXH F DEVWUDWD
D RLQWHUHVVHHPRUJDQL]DUPXVHXVVXUJLXQR¿QDO G UHVXPLGD
GRVpFXOR;,;

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
E RREMHWLYRGDHVFDYDo}HVWHFQROyJLFDVPXGRXDR $RGL]HUQR¿QDOGDHQWUHYLVWD7H[WRTXH
ORQJRGDKLVWyULD ³QXQFD KDYLD SHQVDGR QLVVR´ 3URFLWLDQD VH
F DV SULPHLUDV FROHo}HV GH REMHWRV H[yWLFRV UHIHUHD
LQLFLDUDPVHQD,QJODWHUUD DDIRUPDFRPRROKDPRVSDUDDVRXWUDVSHVVRDV
G DSHQDV QR QRUGHVWH EUDVLOHLUR H[LVWHP VtWLRV E R IDWR GH TXH QRVVR FRUSR WHP XPD OLQJXDJHP
DUTXHROyJLFRV SUySULD
FRIDWRGHKDYHURXWUDOLQJXDJHPLPSRUWDQWHSDUDR
 1R 7H[WR  UHHVFUHYHQGR R SHUtRGR ³2 VHU EHPHVWDUGRFRUSR
KXPDQR VHPSUH GHPRQVWURX LQWHUHVVH SHOR GDD¿UPDomRGDSURIHVVRUDGHTXHWHULDXPDRXWUD
VHX SDVVDGR´ H VXEVWLWXLQGR D H[SUHVVmR ³R OLQJXDJHPDLQGDQmRPHQFLRQDGD
VHU KXPDQR´ SHOR SURQRPH ³QyV´ D RSomR
JUDPDWLFDOPHQWHFRUUHWDp
D 1yV VHPSUH GHPRQVWUDPRV LQWHUHVVH SHOR VHX
SDVVDGR 0$7(0È7,&$
E 1yV VHPSUH GHPRQVWUDUDP LQWHUHVVH SHOR VHX
SDVVDGR
F 1yVVHPSUHGHPRQVWUDPRVLQWHUHVVHSHORQRVVR  1R 7H[WR  D DXWRUD IDOD ³1mR HQ[HUJD D
SDVVDGR SUySULDVRPEUD´(VVHYHUVRQRVOHPEUDTXHD
G 1yVVHPSUHGHPRQVWUDUDPLQWHUHVVHSHORQRVVR VRPEUDGHXPDSHVVRDHPSpHPWHUUHQRSODQR
SDVVDGR IRUPDFRPHVVDSHVVRDXPkQJXOR
DDJXGR
&RPDOHLWXUDGR7H[WRSHUFHEHPRVTXHRV EREWXVR
VDPEDTXLVVmRLPSRUWDQWHVSDUDRVDUTXHyORJRV FUHWR
SRUTXH GUDVR
D WrPRULJHPLQGtJHQDHKDELWDYDPROLWRUDO
E VHXQRPHpRULJLQDGRGDOtQJXDWXSLHIRUPDYDP  2 VtWLR 7RFD GR %DL[mR GDV 0XOKHUHV ,, QD
JUXSRV 6HUUDGD&DSLYDUDHQFRQWUDVHDXPDDOWLWXGHGH
F DPRQWRDYDPDVFRLVDVTXHID]LDPHFRPLDPHP P(VVDLQIRUPDomRVLJQL¿FDTXHRVtWLRDU
XPPHVPROXJDU TXHROyJLFRFLWDGRQR7H[WRHVWi
G ID]LDP PXLWRV VHSXOWDPHQWRV H XWLOL]DYDP DQDPHVPDDOWXUDGRQtYHOGRVRFHDQRV
GLIHUHQWHVLQVWUXPHQWRV EPDEDL[RGRQtYHOGRVRFHDQRV
FPGRQtYHOGHXPDFLGDGHSUy[LPD
$SDUWLUGR7H[WR¿FRXFODURTXH GPDFLPDGRQtYHOGRVRFHDQRV
, e D FDSDFLGDGH GH GRPLQDU D OLQJXDJHP TXH
GLIHUHQFLDRKRPHPGRVRXWURVDQLPDLV &RQVLGHUDQGRVHTXHR6tWLR7RFDGR%DL[mR
,, $OLQJXDJHPIRLVHQGRDGDSWDGDjVQHFHVVLGDGHV GDV 0XOKHUHV ,, FLWDGR QR 7H[WR  p UHWDQJXODU
GRKRPHPDRORQJRGHVXDKLVWyULD VXDiUHDPHGH
,,,$OLQJXDJHPPDWHPiWLFDpXQLYHUVDO DGDP
,9$ ~QLFD OLQJXDJHP LPSRUWDQWH p D OLQJXDJHP EGDP

123

 Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte
Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

19) Imagine que um arqueólogo definiu: “em uma

determinada região, a área de um sítio arqueoló-
gico retangular só poderá ser menor ou, no
máximo, igual a 294 m2 e a sua largura terá que
ser igual a dois terços do comprimento”. Impos-
tas essas duas condições, o comprimento desse
sítio não pode ultrapassar
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

124
 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR

Proteu nas ondas da prática: Português, Matemática e Cidadania

Evolução

,,,DVSLQWXUDVHQFRQWUDGDVQR5LR*UDQGHGR1RUWH DUTXHROyJLFDV
HQR3LDXtWrPFHUFDGHPLODQRV DFROHFLRQDUREMHWRVDQWLJRV
DDSHQDV,H,,HVWmRFRUUHWDV EFRQVHUYDUFXOWXUDVMiGHVDSDUHFLGDV
EDSHQDV,,H,,,HVWmRFRUUHWDV FFRQVHJXLUSHoDVUDUDVGHSRYRVH[WLQWRV
FDSHQDV,,,H,9HVWmRFRUUHWDV GH[SRUHPPXVHXVDYLGDGHUDoDVH[WLQWDV
GDSHQDV,H,9HVWmRFRUUHWDV
27H[WROHYDQRVDSHQVDUTXHDOtQJXDQDWX
2IDWRGHRVVDPEDTXLVMXQWDUHPHPXPPHV UDOPRGL¿FDVHFRPRGHFRUUHUGRWHPSRSRUWDQ
PR OXJDU DV FRLVDV TXH ID]LDP H FRPLDP SRGH WRpLPSRUWDQWHHWLFDPHQWH
QRVOHYDUDSHQVDUTXHHOHV DFRQWDUSLDGDVVREUHRVPRGRVGHIDODUFRQVLGHUD
DHUDPQ{PDQGHV GRVDQWLTXDGRV
EHUDPSRYRVFDoDGRUHV E FRQKHFHU WRGDV DV IRUPDV GLIHUHQWHV GH VH IDODU
FSUHRFXSDYDPVHHPSURWHJHUVXDFXOWXUD QRVVDOtQJXDDRORQJRGDKLVWyULD
GHVWDYDPDGDSWDGRVDRPHLRDPELHQWH FFRPSDUDUHQWUHVLDVGLIHUHQWHVIRUPDVGHVHIDODU

UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04
DRORQJRGDKLVWyULDSDUDYHUTXDODPDLVDGHTXDGD
$VVLQDOHDDOWHUQDWLYDTXHDSUHVHQWDXPRE G UHVSHLWDU DV GLIHUHQWHV IRUPDV GH OLQJXDJHP
MHWLYRpWLFRHFLGDGmRHPUHODomRjVHVFDYDo}HV SRUTXHHODVIRUDPUHVXOWDGRGRPRPHQWRKLVWyULFR

$JRUDTXHYRFrFRQFOXLXRHVWXGRGRVWH[WRVDFLPD DQRVHPRUDQRHVWDGRGR5LRGH-DQHLUR
FXMR WHPD FHQWUDO p D HYROXomR KXPDQD HP VHXV 6XD WDUHID p ID]HU XP FRPHQWiULR VREUH R WHPD
YiULRVDVSHFWRVVRFLDOFXOWXUDOELROyJLFRMiWHP WUDWDGR QR SRHPD SURSRQGR SHOR PHQRV XPD
FRQKHFLPHQWR VX¿FLHQWH SDUD LPDJLQDU D VHJXLQWH UHÀH[mRHXPDVROXomRSDUDRSUREOHPDWUDWDGR
VLWXDomR &RPRYRFrGHYHVDEHUVHXWH[WRYDL¿FDUH[SRVWRQR
6HXQRPHp'DJPDUGD6LOYDHYRFrDFDERX VLWHHSRGHUiVHUOLGRWDQWRSHODDXWRUDTXDQWRSHORV
GHOHUQRVLWHKWWSUHFDQWRGDVOHWUDVXROFRPEUSRH GHPDLVYLVLWDQWHVGDSiJLQD3RUWDQWRQmRGHL[HGH
VLDVRSRHPDTXHWUDQVFUHYHPRVQR7H[WR ID]HUDUHYLVmRGRVHXWH[WR
GRVLPXODGRGHDXWRULDGH3ULVFLOD&XQKDTXHWHP

&RPHQWiULRV
1RPH

(PDLO

&RPHQWiULR

125

 4XDUWD8QLGDGH'LGiWLFD(YROXomR
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte
Programa de Iniciação Tecnológica e Cidadania

6HYRFrGHVHMDSHVTXLVDUPDLVVREUHDKLVWyULDGDHYROXomRGRKRPHPRVVLWHVDEDL[RSRGHUmROKH
VHU~WHLV
KWWSZZZKLVWRULDGRPXQGRFRPEU
KWWSZZZKLVWRULDGDDUWHFRPEUOLQKDGRWHPSRKWPO

6HYRFrJRVWDGHELRORJLDSRGHDSUHQGHUXPSRXFRPDLVVREUHRWHPDGHVWHIDVFtFXOROHQGRROLYUR
%LRORJLDGDV&pOXODVGH-RVp0DULDQR$PDELVH*LOEHUWR5RGULJXHV0DUWKR
UNIDADE DIDÁTICA 04

4XHUVDEHUPDLVVREUHD'HFODUDomRGRV'LUHLWRV+XPDQRVTXHIRLWUDWDGDQDTXHVWmRGH&LGDGDQLD"
3URFXUHHP
KWWSZZZFXOWXUDEUDVLOSUREUGLUHLWRVKXPDQRVKWP

7KLDJRGH0HOORHPVHXSRHPD2V(VWDWXWRVGR+RPHPHVFUHYHX

³$UWLJR)LQDO

)LFDSURLELGRRXVRGDSDODYUDOLEHUGDGHDTXDOVHUiVXSULPLGDGRVGLFLRQiULRVHGRSkQWDQRHQ
JDQRVRGDVERFDV$SDUWLUGHVWHLQVWDQWHDOLEHUGDGHVHUiDOJRYLYRHWUDQVSDUHQWHFRPRXPIRJRRXXPULR
HDVXDPRUDGDVHUiVHPSUHRFRUDomRGRKRPHP1mRWHQKRXPFDPLQKRQRYR2TXHHXWHQKRGHQRYR
pXPMHLWRGHFDPLQKDU´

4XHWDOOHUWRGRRSRHPDRXPHOKRURXWURVSRHPDVGHVVHHVFULWRUDPD]RQHQVH"3URFXUHRGLVFR2V
(VWDWXWRVGR+RPHPH3RHPDV,QpGLWRVGHRXROLYUR)D]HVFXURPDVHXFDQWR

3DUD DSURIXQGDU VHXV HVWXGRV VREUH OHLWXUD H SURGXomR GH WH[WRV YRFr SRGH DFHVVDU D SiJLQD GD
'(7('QRVLWHGR,)51RQGHWHUiDFHVVRDIDVFtFXORVHSURYDVDQWHULRUHVDWHOHDXODVDOpPGHREMHWRVGH
DSUHQGL]DJHPGHPDWHPiWLFD

126