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UNTL-FECT-CE-2018
PLANU DE AULAS BA SEMESTER PAR
Meeting Syllabus Homework
- trabalho 20%
- Exame final 35%
- Indivudual Avalisaun 15 %
- Precenca 10%
• Avaliação
A:8,50 – 10,00
B: 7,0 -8,49
C: 5,5 – 6,9
D: 4,0 – 5.49
E: 0,00 -4,49
• Nota: ver Artigo 19.º do Regulamento Académico.
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AVALIAÇÃO POR EXAME FINAL E AVALIAÇÃO
POR EXAME EM ÉPOCA DE RECURSO
• A avaliação por Exame Final destina-se aos
alunos que não ficaram aprovados no regime de
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BIBLIOGRAFIA
“MECHANICS OF MATERIALS, SIXTH EDITION
” Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston, Jr, John T. Dewolf,
David F. Mazurek. Published by McGraw-Hill
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Introdusaun basica
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Multiplos e submúltiplus
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Conversa Unidade
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Trigonométria
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Continua
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Simbolica husi apoio
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Tipo Ligações ou apoios
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Type of structure (tipo de structura)
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Vigas
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Tipo Struktura
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Type of load (tipo de carga)
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Sign Convention (sinal de conveção)
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Aula 1
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Introduction
• The study of mechanics of materials is to provide the future
engineer with the means of analyzing and designing load bearing
structures.
• The principal objective of mechanics of materials is to determine
the stresses (tensões), strains (deformação), and displacements
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Clasification do esforso
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Esforços internos (resultante)
• Força Normal (Normal Force, Gaya normal) – N:
força que atua perpendicularmente à área.
Sempre aparece quando existam esforços
externos que tendem a empurrar ou puxar o
corpo
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Tensão Normal
• The force per unit area, or intensity of the forces distributed over a given
section, is called the stress on that section. When the stress is perpendicular to
the cross-section, it is denoted by the Greek letter ρ(sigma). The stress in a
member of cross-sectional area A subjected to an axial load P is therefore
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• The resultant of the internal forces for an axially loaded
member is normal to a section cut perpendicular to the
member axis.
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P ave A dF dA
A
The actual distribution of stresses in any given section is
statically indeterminate, cannot be found from statics alone.
To learn more about this distribution, it is necessary to
consider the deformations resulting from the particular
mode of application of the loads at the ends of the rod. This
will be discussed further in chapter stress and strain
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Centric & Eccentric Loading
A uniform distribution of stress is only possible if the concentrated
loads on the end sections of two-force members are applied at the
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Tensão Tangencial (cisalhmento)
Forces P and P’ are applied transversely to the member AB. Corresponding internal
forces act in the plane of section C and are called shearing forces. The resultant of the
internal shear force distribution is defined as the shear of the section and is equal to the
load P.
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P
ave
A
Shear stress distribution varies from zero at the member surfaces to maximum values
that may be much larger than the average value. The shear stress distribution cannot be
assumed to be uniform. UNTL-FECT-CE-2018
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Tensões de Esmagamento (Bearing stress)
Bolts, rivets, and pins create stresses on the points of contact or bearing surfaces of the
members they connect. The resultant of the force distribution on the surface is equal
and opposite to the force exerted on the pin. Corresponding average force intensity is
called the bearing stress
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Planos Inclinados Sujeitos a Esforço Axial
(Stress on an Oblique Plane)
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Maximun stress
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P
m 0
A0
The maximum shear stress occurs for a plane at + 45o with respect to the axis
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Componentes da Tensão
(Stress Component)
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F x
x lim
A0 A
V yx Vzx
xy lim xz lim
A0 A A0 A
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For equilibrium, an equal and opposite internal force and stress distribution must be
exerted on the other segment of the member
Fx Fy Fz 0
Mx M y Mz 0
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Stress components are defined for the planes cut parallel to the x, y and z axes. For
equilibrium, equal and opposite stresses are exerted on the hidden planes
M z 0 xy Aa yx Aa
xy yx
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similarly, yz zy and yz zy
Método dos Coeficientes Parciais de Segurança.
(Factor of Safety)
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