Comrcio Internacional

Prof. Marco Mazzaro

Consumo e Produo

OFERTA

Necessidades humanas
DEMANDA

Necessidades Primrias

Alimento, vesturio e habitao

Consumo e Produo

Necessiadades Progressivas

Educao, lazer, conforto, iPod...

DIVISO DO TRABALHO E COMRCIO

O ser humano percebeu que era difcil produzir tudo que precisava. Era mais fcil fazer dez coisas iguais do que sete diferentes.

A diviso do trabalho aumentou a produtividade e permitiu a melhora da qualidade dos produtos. Esses dois fatores proporcionaram maior oportunidade de trocas.

TROCAS E COMRCIO EXTERIOR

Em pocas pr-histricas, as trocas ocorriam entre habitantes da mesma tribo. Com a evoluo do relacionamento humano, o campo de ao das trocas ampliou-se, sucessivamente, para as cidades, naes e, finalmente, para o mundo.
comrcio internacional considerado como uma via de duas mos. Isso porque as vendas so representadas pelas exportaes e as compras pelas importaes.

COMRCIO INTERNACIONAL
Alm da diviso do trabalho, outros fatos tornaram o comrcio internacional uma necessidade:
a) desigual distribuio das jazidas minerais em nosso planeta. Como
exemplo, citamos o petrleo que inexistente em alguns lugares e abundante em outros; b) diferenas de solos e climas, que diversifica a produo agrcola dos

pases;
c) diferena dos estgios de desenvolvimento econmico. A ttulo de exemplo, o Brasil exporta avies de mdio e importa avies de grande porte.

Teoria do Comrcio Internacional

Porque o Brasil um grande exportador de produtos agrcolas e grande importador de produtos eletrnicos?
Diferena na dotao de recursos naturais
Especializao e custos decrescentes Regulamentao do comrcio exterior Renda mundial e Nacional Outros fatores sociocultural

ECONOMIA INTERNACIONAL
No s o comrcio se tornou internacional... A economia tambm internacional!

Atualmente o comrcio mais abrangente e envolve elementos da economia internacional:

prestao de servios transferncias unilaterais (donativos, remessas de ou para imigrantes) movimento de capitais.

Aldeia Global

ECONOMIA INTERNACIONAL
Comparao entre Brasil e outros pases

Base 2007

ECONOMIA INTERNACIONAL

Reservas Internacionais: US$ 257 bilhes

Fonte: BCB

BRASIL UM GRANDE COMPRADOR, MAS COMPRA MUITO POUCO

24 MAIOR IMPORTADOR MUNDIAL

TEORIA DO COMRCIO INTERNACIONAL

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