Scurt compendiu morfologic de gramatica engleza:

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articolul hotarat (the car - masina) nehotarat a boy - un baiat a girl - o fata an eskimo - un eschimos substantivul gen: masculin, feminin: (waiter, waitress - insa deobicei nediferentiat) numar: singular, plural: (deobicei pluralul se formeaza cu s) caz (declension) nominativ: fata canta - the girl sings, o fata canta - a girl sings genitiv: the girl's voice SAU the voice of the girl - vocea fetei dativ: I tell the girl - Ii spun fetei acuzativ: I hear the girl - O aud pe fata adjectivul (descrie un substantiv) propriu-zis: green hills - dealuri verzi pronominal demonstrativ: this man - acest barbat, that man - acel barbat interogativ/relativ: what book? - care carte?/what I think - ce cred eu posesiv:my book - cartea mea nehotarat(indefinit): some people - niste oameni, unii oameni Gradele de comparatie - ca si in romana, adjectivele propriu-zise in engleza au grade de comparatie Comparatia de superioritate Adjective monosilabice si bisilabice terminate in y: smart - smarter - smartest: destept mai destept - cel mai destept Adjective lungi: intelligent - more intelligent - the most intelligent: destept - mai destept cel mai destept Comparatia de inferioritate smart - less smart - the least smart: destept - mai putin destept - cel mai putin destept Comparatia de egalitate

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as smart as - la fel de destept ca Superlativul absolut very smart - foarte destept pronumele (inlocuieste un substantiv) personal subiectiv(nominativ): you eat - tu mananci obiectiv(dativ, acuzativ) dativ: tell me - spune -mi acuzativ: follow me - urmeaza -ma, urmeaza pe mine; come with me - vino cu mine posesiv: it is mine - este al meu demonstrativ: that is a koala bear - acela e un urs koala interogativ/relativ: what is that - ce e acela, who are you? - cine esti?/the man who came - barbatulcare a venit

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indefinit: somebody called - a sunat cineva reflexiv: I see myself in the mirror - Ma vad in oglinda. numeralul cardinal: seven days - 7 zile ordinal: the seventh day - a saptea zi fractionar: three sevenths of it is done - 3/7 e gata colectiv: a dozen eggs - o duzina de oua multiplicativ: I paid him back tenfold - L-am platit inzecit distributiv: they went in two at a time - au intrat cate doi adverbial: I read it a hundred times - L-am citit de o suta de ori. nehotarat: many people - multi oameni verbul * persoana I sing - Eu cant; We sing - Noi cantam You sing - Tu canti; Voi cantati - You sing He, She sings - El, Ea canta; They sing - Ei canta numar: singular (I sing, You sing, He sings), plural (We sing, You sing, They sing) diateza:(active voice, passive voice) activa (actiunea e facuta de subiect): He scolds the child - El cearta copilul

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pasiva (actiunea e facuta asupra subiectului): The child is scolded - Copilul este certat timp (tenses): Diateza activa (Active Voice) Present Tense: I scold - Eu cert Present Continuous: I am scolding - Eu cert acum (actiune in desfasurare) Present Perfect: I have scolded Present Perfect Continuous: I have been scolding Past Tense: I scolded - Am certat Past Continuous: I was scolding - Eu certam (cand ceva s-a intamplat) Past Perfect: I had scolded - Eu certasem Past Perfect Continuous: I had been scolding Future Tense: I will scold - Eu voi certa (cand se va intampla ceva) Future Continuous: I will be scolding - Eu voi certa (cand se va intampla ceva) Future Perfect: I will have scolded Future Perfect Continuous: I will have been scolding Diateza pasiva (Passive Voice) Present Tense: I am scolded - Eu sunt certat Present Continuous: I am being scolded - Eu sunt certat acum (actiune in desfasurare) Present Perfect: I have been scolded Present Perfect Continuous: Nu se foloseste Past Tense: I was scolded - Am fost certat Past Continuous: I was being scolded - Eu eram certat (cand ceva s-a intamplat) Past Perfect: I had been scolded Past Perfect Continuous: Nu se foloseste Future Tense: I will be scolded - Eu voi fi certat Future Continuous: nu se foloseste Future Perfect: I will have been scolded - Eu voi fi fost certat Future Perfect Continuous: Nu se foloseste mod (mood) indicativ (timpurile de mai sus) - actiune reala subjonctiv - actiune ireala, dorita: I wish that this be over - Imi doresc ca aceasta sa se termine - stil oficial

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I wish that this were over - Imi doresc ca aceasta sa se termine I wish that this had been over - Imi doresc ca aceasta sa se fi terminat conditional - actiune dorita si exprimata printr-o conditie: You should call - Ar trebui sa dai telefon You should have called - Ar fi trebuit sa dai telefon imperativ - actiune poruncita: Go home! - Du-te acasa! adverbul (descrie un verb, un adjectiv sau un adverb) he is leaving now - el pleaca acum (descrie un verb) the amazingly tall building - cladirea extroardinar de inalta (descrie un adjectiv) it looks very nice - arata foarte frumos (descrie un adverb) Clasificarea adverbelor: de timp: after - dupa, then - atunci de mod: somehow - cumva, slowly - incet (a slow car moves slowly - o masina inceata se miscaincet de loc: above - deasupra, faraway - departe de scop: consequently - in consecinta, so that - astfel incat prepozitia (leaga doi termeni care nu au aceeasi functie sintactica) I am going to school - ma duc la scoala the book is on the table - Cartea e pe masa out of town - afara din oras smooth as silk - neted ca matasea conjunctia (leaga doi termeni care au aceeasi functie sintactica) or - sau; and - si I'll leave when I want to - Plec cand vreau eu. interjectia What a pity! - Ce pacat! Wow!; Well, well, well!
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Exista 6 verbe modale: (can, may, must, ought, shall, will). Ele sunt verbe speciale care

nu asculta de regulile obisnuite ale verbelor. Ele insotesc cateodata un verb aflat la infinitiv.