.

EACH QUESTION CARRIES 10 MARKS

(SETIAP SOALAN MEMBAWA 10 MARKAH)

1a. Draw the structure of the polymer that would be expected from each of the
following monomer. Write the mechanism of the reactions for the formation of
polymer using monomer (i).

( Lukis struktur polymer yang boleh dihasilkan dari setiap monomer berikut.
Jelaskan bagaimana polimer ini dibentuk)

i.
COOCH 3

H2C = CCH 3

ii.
H2N(CH2)5COOH

iii.
H2C =CHCH= CH2
2a. Polymerization of styrene, (CH2=CHC6H5) may produce polystyrene with
different configuration. Draw the structure of polystyrene in

i. isotactic form
ii. syndiotactic form

(Pempolimeran stirene, CH2=CHC6H5, mungkin menghasilkan polistirena dengan

konfigurasi yang berbeza. Lukis struktur bagi polistirena dalam bentuk

i. isotaktik
ii. syndiotaktik

2b. Chain polymerization can be carried out by bulk, solution and emulsion
polymerization.Give the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.
(Pempolimeran rantai boleh dilakukan secara pempolimeran pukal, larutan dan
emulsi. Berikan kebiakan dan keburukan bagi setiap teknik.
3. Styrene, CH2=CHC6H5 can be polymerized by an anionic polymerization. Draw
the possible structure of the polymer and write chemical equations to show the
major steps in the polymerization reaction.
( Stirena, CH2=CHC6H5, boleh dijadikan polimer secara pempolimeran anionik.
Lukis struktur polimer yang mungkin dan tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi
menunjukan langkah-langkah dalam tindak balas pempolimeran)
4. The extent of reaction for an equimolar mixture of a diacid and glycol is 0.85.

a. What is the percentage of conversion for this polymerization?

b. Calculate the number average degree of polymerization, xn and the weight
average degree of polymerization, xw.
c. Estimate the average molecular weight. Explain how the average
molecular weight can be increased higher than 15,000g/mol.

(The extent of reaction bagi campuran molar yang sama diasid dan glikol adalah
0.85
a. Berapakah peratus pertukaran bagi polimer ini?
b. Hitung bilangan purata darjah pempolimeran, xn dan purata beratdarjah
pempolimeran xw.
c. Tentukan berat molekul purata. Jelaskan bagaimana berat molekul purat
boleh ditingkatkan kepada lebih dari 15,000 g/mol.