Lista 4 − Ângulos, distâncias e posições relativas

2. Encontrar o ângulo entre o plano 2x − y + z = 0 e o plano que passa pelo ponto P = (1, 2,3) 𝑒
é perpendicular ao vetor i − 2j + k.

𝑂 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝜋2 é 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑎𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑣⃗ = 𝑛 𝜋2 = (1, −2,1) é 𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝜋2 .

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝜋2 : 𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 + 𝑑 = 0 𝑝𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑑 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑃 𝑛𝑎 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎çã𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜, 𝑒𝑛𝑡ã𝑜:
1 − 2(2) + 3 + 𝑑 = 0
1−4+3+𝑑 =0
𝑑=0
𝜋2 : 𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑜 â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:

cos(𝜋1 , 𝜋2 ) = |cos(𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗,
𝜋1 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)|
𝜋2
𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝜋1 = (2, −1,1) 𝑛
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝜋2 = (1 − ,2,1)
|𝑛⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗.
𝜋1 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗|
𝜋2 |(2, −1,1). (1, −2,1)|
|cos(𝑛
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗,
𝜋1 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)|
𝜋2 = =
‖𝑛
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗‖.
𝜋1 ‖𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗‖
𝜋2 √(2) + (−1)2 + (1)2 . √(1)2 + (−2)2 + (1)2
2

|2 + 2 + 1| 5
|cos(𝑛
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗,
𝜋1 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)|
𝜋2 = =
√4 + 1 + 1. √1 + 4 + 1 6
5
𝑂 â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝜋1 , 𝜋2 é arccos ( )
6

3. Seja π1 plano que passa pelos pontos A = (1,1,1), B = (1,0,1), C = (1,1,0)e π2 o plano que passa
pelos pontos P = (0, 0,1)e Q = (0,0,0)e é paralelo ao vetor i + j. Ache o ângulo entre π1 e π2 .

𝐴, 𝐵 𝑒 𝐶 𝑒𝑠𝑡ã𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝜋1 , 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑜 𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝐴𝐵 𝑒 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑏é𝑚 𝑒𝑠𝑡ã𝑜.
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 = 𝐵 − 𝐴 = (1,0,1) − (1,1,1) = (0, −1,0)
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 = 𝐶 − 𝐴 = (1,1,0) − (1,1,1) = (0,0, −1)
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 π1 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝜋1 = (𝐴𝐵 × 𝐴𝐶 )
→ → →
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
(𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ) = | 0 −1 0 | = (|−1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝐴𝐶 0
|,−|
0 0 0 −1
|,| |) = (1,0,0)
0 −1 0 −1 0 0
0 0 −1

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑏é𝑚 𝑒𝑠𝑡á. 𝐸 𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟⃗⃗⃗

𝑂𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑃 𝑒 𝑄 𝑒𝑠𝑡ã𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝜋2 , 𝑒𝑛𝑡ã𝑜 𝑃𝑄 𝑣 = (1,1,0)
é 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑎𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝜋2 .
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑄 = 𝑄 − 𝑃 = (0,0,0) − (0,0,1) = (0,0, −1)

𝐸𝑛𝑡ã𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 π2 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗)

𝜋2 = (𝑃𝑄 × 𝑣
→ → →
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝑣⃗) = | 0 0 −1| = (|0 −1| , − |0 −1| , |0 0|) = (1, −1,0)
(𝑃𝑄
1 0 1 0 1 1
1 1 0

cos(𝜋1 , 𝜋2 ) = |cos(𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗,

𝜋1 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)|
𝜋2
𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝜋1 = (1,0,0) 𝑛 𝜋2 = (1, −1,0)
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
|𝑛⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗.
𝜋1 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗|
𝜋2 |(1,0,0). (1, −1,0)|
|cos(𝑛
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗,
𝜋1 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)|
𝜋2 = =
‖𝑛 𝜋1 ‖𝑛
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗‖. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗‖
𝜋2 √(1)2 + (0)2 + (0)2 . √(1)2 + (−1)2 + (0)2
|1| 1 √2 √2
|cos(𝑛
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗,
𝜋1 𝑛 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗)|
𝜋2 = = . =
√1. √1 + 1 √2 √2 2
 √2
𝑂 â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝜋1 , 𝜋2 é arccos ( ) = 45°
2

4. Ache uma reta que passa pelo ponto (1, −2,3)e que forma ângulos de 45°e 60° com os 𝑒𝑖𝑥𝑜𝑠
𝑥 𝑒 𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒.

𝐴 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎 â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 45° 𝑐𝑜𝑚 𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑖⃗ = (1,0,0), 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜 ⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑣𝑟 = (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) 𝑒𝑛𝑡ã𝑜:
|(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐). (1,0,0)|
cos(45°) =
√𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 . √(1)2 + (0)2 + (0)2
√2 |𝑎|
=
2 √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 . √1
√2. (√𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 ) = 2𝑎 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑜𝑠 𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑎𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:
2 . (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 ) = 4𝑎2 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑜𝑠 𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 2 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:
𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 = 2𝑎2
𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 − 𝑐 2 = 0 (1)

𝐴 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎 â𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 60° 𝑐𝑜𝑚 𝑜 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑗⃗ = (0,1,0)𝑒 ⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑣𝑟 = (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) 𝑒𝑛𝑡ã𝑜:
|(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐). (0,1,0)|
cos(60°) =
√𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 . √(0)2 + (1)2 + (0)2
1 |𝑏|
=
2 √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 . √1
√𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 = 2𝑏 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑜𝑠 𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑎𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:
𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 = 4𝑏 2
−𝑎2 + 3𝑏 2 − 𝑐 2 = 0 (2)

𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑜:
𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 − 𝑐 2 = 0 (1)
{ 2 2 2 𝑆𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 (1)𝑒 (2)𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:
−𝑎 + 3𝑏 − 𝑐 = 0 (2)
2𝑏 2 − 2𝑐 2 = 0
𝑏2 = 𝑐2
𝑏=𝑐
𝐴𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑏 = 1
𝑎 2 − 12 − 12 = 0
𝑎2 − 2 = 0
𝑎2 = 2
𝑎 = √2

𝑣𝑟 = (√2, 1,1)
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑜 𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎çã𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣𝑟 = (√2, 1,1)𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑃(1, −2,3)é ∶
(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (1 + √2𝑡, −2 + 𝑡, 3 + 𝑡) 𝑡 ∈ ℝ

12. 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖çã𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑟 𝑒 𝑠,

𝑟 ∶ (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (1,1,1) + 𝑡(2,2,1), 𝑡𝜖ℝ; 𝑠 ∶ (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 𝑡(1,1,0), 𝑡𝜖ℝ:
 𝑣𝑟 = (2,2,1)𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟 𝑒 ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑣𝑠 = (1,1,0)𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑠
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑠ã𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑎 ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑣𝑟 = 𝜆 ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣𝑠
2 = 1𝜆
{ 2 = 1𝜆 é 𝑓á𝑐𝑖𝑙 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣𝑟 ≠ 𝜆 ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣𝑠 , 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑜 𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑟 𝑒 𝑠 𝑛ã𝑜 𝑠ã𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠.
1 = 0𝜆

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑠ã𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑡𝑜 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑠
𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑟, 𝑠 𝑒 𝑢𝑚 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑟 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜 (𝑣 𝑣𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑟 × ⃗⃗⃗⃗). 𝑄𝑃 = 0.
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑢𝑚 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:
𝑃 = (1,1,1)𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑢𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟, 𝑄 = (0,0,0)𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑢𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑠.
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑄𝑃 = 𝑃 − 𝑄 = (1,1,1) − (0,0,0) = (1,1,1)
2 2 1
(𝑣 𝑣𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑟 × ⃗⃗⃗⃗). 𝑄𝑃 = |1 1 0| = (2 + 1 − 2 − 1) = 0 𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑟 𝑒 𝑠 𝑠ã𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠.
1 1 1

13. 𝑆𝑒𝑗𝑎𝑚 𝑟1 ∶ (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (1,0,2) + (2𝑡, 𝑡, 3𝑡)𝑒 𝑟2 ∶ (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (0,1, −1) + (𝑡, 𝑚𝑡, 2𝑚𝑡)
𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠.
(𝑎)𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑚 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑗𝑎𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠.
𝑣𝑟1 = (2,1,3)𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟1 𝑒 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑣𝑟2 = (1, 𝑚, 2𝑚)𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟2 .
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑠ã𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑡𝑜 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑠
𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑟, 𝑠 𝑒 𝑢𝑚 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑟 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜 (𝑣 𝑣𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑟 × ⃗⃗⃗⃗). 𝑄𝑃 = 0.
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑢𝑚 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:
𝑃 = (1,0,2)𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑢𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟1 , 𝑄 = (0,1, −1)𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑢𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟2 .
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑄𝑃 = 𝑃 − 𝑄 = (1,0,2) − (0,1, −1) = (1, −1,3)
2 1 3
(𝑣 𝑣𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑟 × ⃗⃗⃗⃗). 𝑄𝑃 = 0 ↔ |1 𝑚 2𝑚| = 0
1 −1 3
6𝑚 + 2𝑚 − 3 − 3 + 4𝑚 − 3𝑚 = 0
9𝑚 − 6 = 0
9𝑚 = 6
6
𝑚=
9
2
𝑚=
3

(𝑏) 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 𝑚 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜, 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖çã𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑟1 𝑒 𝑟2.

2
𝐸𝑚 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑜 𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑚 (𝑎)𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑚 = 𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑟1 𝑒 𝑟2 𝑠ã𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠, 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑠 𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑡𝑜 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜
3
é 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑎 0.

(𝑐)𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑎 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎çã𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑟1 𝑒 𝑟2.

→ → →
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
1 3 2 3 2 1 2 1 1 1
(𝑣𝑟1 × 𝑣𝑟2 ) = | 2 1 3 | = (|2 4| , − | 4| , | 2|) = (− , , ) = (−2,1,1)
2 4 1 1 3 3 3 3
1 3 6 3 3
3 3
𝜋1 : −2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 + 𝑑 = 0 𝑝𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑑 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑃 𝑛𝑎 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎çã𝑜 𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜, 𝑒𝑛𝑡ã𝑜:
−2(1) + 0 + 2 + 𝑑 = 0
−2 + 2 + 𝑑 = 0
𝑑=0
𝜋1 : −2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0
(𝑑)𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑚 = −2 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖çã𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑟1 𝑒 𝑟2?
𝑣𝑟1 = (2,1,3)𝑒 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑣𝑟2 = (1, 𝑚, 2𝑚) = (1, −2, −4)
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑠ã𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑡𝑜 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑠
𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑟, 𝑠 𝑒 𝑢𝑚 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑟 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜 (𝑣 𝑣𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑟 × ⃗⃗⃗⃗). 𝑄𝑃 = 0.
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑢𝑚 𝑣𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠:
𝑃 = (1,0,2)𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑢𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟1 , 𝑄 = (0,1, −1)𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑢𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝑟2 .
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑄𝑃 = 𝑃 − 𝑄 = (1,0,2) − (0,1, −1) = (1, −1,3)
2 1 3
(𝑣 𝑣𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑟 × ⃗⃗⃗⃗). 𝑄𝑃 = 0 ↔ |1 −2 −4 | = 12 + 4 + 3 + 3 + 8 − 6 = 24
1 −1 3
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑡𝑜 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 é 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜, 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑟1 𝑒 𝑟2 𝑠ã𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑠.