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,GRQ¶WNQow who did it, but my dog has been let out.'
Eu não sei quem fez isso, mas meu cão foi solto.
,GRQ¶WNQRZZKRGLGLWEXWVomeone has let out my dog.'
Eu não sei quem fez isso, mas alguém soltou meu cão.
'She discovered that she was being paid less than her male
colleagues.'
µ(ODGHVFREULXTXHHODHVWDYDVHQGRSDJDPHQRVTXHRVFROHJDVGHOD¶
Ao invés de:
µ0HXFKHIHPHLQVWUXLXSDUDUHPRYHURVFLQ]HLURV¶
'She discovered that the firm was paying her less than her male
colleagues.'
'R\RXZDQWDOLIW"
1RWKDQNV,¶Pbeing collected.'
µ7RGRV RV OLYURV GH 6KHUORFN +ROPHV SRGHP VHU OLGRV QD %LEOLRWHFD
FHQWUDO¶
'In the next session of parliament, new laws will be introduced aimed
at stopping domestic violence.'
Ao invés de:
µ9RFrTXHUXPDFDURQD"1mRREULJDGDDOJXpPYHPPHEXVFDU¶
µ,Q WKH QH[W VHVVLRQ RI SDUOLDPHQW WKH SROLWLFV ZLOO LQWURGXFH QHZ ODZV
aimed at stopping domestic YLROHQFH¶
Booster Vocabulary
am/is/are + pp
was/were + pp
am/are/is being + pp
has/have been + pp
was/were + pp
was/were being + pp
The victiums of the disaster were being helped when they died.
had been + pp
The vegetables had been cooked for far too long, but we had to eat
them.
Os legumes tinham sido cozidos por muito tempo, mas tivemos que
comê-los.
will be + pp
(to) be + pp
Os exames têm que ser feitos quase todo mês que você está na
escola.
Would + be + PP
These chess sets would have been played by the same rules ...
(VVHVMRJRVGH[DGUH]WHULDPVLGRMRJDGRVSHODVPHVPDVUHJUDV«
Can + (to) be + PP
Booster Vocabulary
2 ± Simple Past
She got up, had a shower, got dressed , made breakfast and went
to work.'
The first time I ate caviare was in Moscow twenty years ago and the
last time was at Helen's last Thursday.
A primeira vez que eu comi caviar foi em Moscou há vinte anos atrás e
a última vez foi na casa da Helena na última Terça-feira.
When was the last time you ate in this restaurant? ~ Two weeks ago.
Quando foi a última vez que você comeu nesse restaurante? ~- Duas
semanas atrás.
We bought that car when we moved to Brazil in 2001 and sold it last
year.
When did you last speak to your sister? ~ I spoke to her on the
phone this afternoon.
Quando foi a última vez que você falou com sua irmã? ~ Eu falei com
ela pelo telefone essa tarde.
Where did you get those books? ~ I got them from the Central
Library.
Outros exemplos:
E na forma contraída:
Booster Vocabulary
µ23ULPHLUR0LQLVWURPRUUHX¶
Eles foram para a Europa ( E ainda não voltaram, estão ainda lá).
Este é o bolo mais delicioso que já comi na minha (em toda) vida.
Never - Expressa que algo nunca aconteceu, nem sequer uma vez
That statue has stood in the square for two hundred years.
I've only been on this diet for a couple of weeks, but I've already lost
half a kilo.
I was in this diet for a couple of weeks and I lost half a kilo.
Ela não tem tido férias desde que o bebê dela nasceu.
Booster Vocabulary
draw- desenhar, tirar, obter join ± juntar-se a
throw - arremessar become ± tornar-se, vir a ser
blow - soprar available ± disponível, pronto
2. Fazer um pedido
Will you open the window, please?
Você pode abrir a janela, por favor?
5. Fazer um convite
Will you join us tomorrow?
Você estará conosco amanhã?
Negative Form
Faz-se a forma negativa no Simple Future acrescentando-se NOT depois
do auxiliar WILL, contraindo-se no formato: WILL + NOT = :21¶7
- ,ZRQ¶WJRWRWKHVXSHUPDUNHW
Eu não irei para o supermercado.
- ,WZRQ¶WUDLQQH[WZHHN
Não vai chover na próxima semana.
Interrogative Form
Faz-se a forma interrogativa afirmativa no Simple Future
posicionando o auxiliar WILL no início da frase, seguido do sujeito e em
seguida do verbo:
Will she cook for us?
Ela cozinhará para nós?
:RQ¶W\RXOHDYHKHU?
Você não vai deixá-la?
Did you get done what you wanted to get done today?
By Peter Bregman. September 13, 2011 / Psychology Today
Comentários:
Questão 1
According to the text,
De acordo com o texto,
21 7KH DXWKRU¶V LQWHQWLRQ LQ WKLV WH[W LV WR suggest a strategy to keep
focused on the main items RQRQH¶Vto-do list.
21 A intenção do autor neste texto é sugerir uma estratégia de manter o
foco sobre os principais itens de uma lista de afazeres.
Did you get done what you wanted to get done today?
Você fez o que você queria ter feito hoje?
GABARITO: CERTA
Eu, infelizmente, não sou uma dessas pessoas. Sozinho com meus
próprios recursos, eu raramente termino meu dia com a satisfação de um
plano bem executado. Minha inclinação natural é começar o meu dia com
uma lista longa e excessivamente ambiciosa do que eu espero realizar e
esforço-me com enorme vontade de realizá-la. Estou propenso a ser tão
ocupado - respondendo e-mails, multitarefa, atendendo telefonemas,
executando serviços externos - que, sem intervenção, faria pouca coisa
de importância.
GABARITO: CERTA
Não tem lógica ser usado um recurso de destaque no texto para confundir
o leitor, só por aí você já vê a opção é equivocada; além disso, a palavra
business não significa problemas financeiros dentro deste contexto.
GABARITO: ERRADA.
I would talk to myself about how, starting this morning, I would be more
focused, psych myself up to have a productive day, and commit to myself
WKDW,ZRXOGQ¶WGRDQ\HUUDQGVXQWLOWKHLPSRUWDQWZRUNZDVGRQH
Gostaria de falar para mim sobre como, a partir desta manhã, eu seria
mais focado me esforçando para ter um dia produtivo, e comprometer a
mim mesmo que eu não faria qualquer serviços externos até que o
trabalho importante estivesse feito.
Exato. O que o autor disse que nunca funcionou foi ele conseguir
controlar-se a não fazer serviços menos importantes antes do trabalho
relevante. O pronome neutro it que refere-se a coisas neste contexto, faz
alusão à citação anterior.
GABARITO: CERTA
Questão 2
Based on the meanings in the text,
Baseado nos significados no texto,
Minha inclinação natural é começar o meu dia com uma lista longa e
excessivamente ambiciosa do que eu espero realizar e esforço-me com
enorme vontade de realizá-la.
GABARITO: ERRADA
Our instincts most often drive us toward instant gratification. And the
world around us conspires to lure us off task. Given total freedom, most
of us would spend far too much time browsing websites and eating
sweets. And being totally responsive to our environments would just
KDYHXVUXQQLQJDURXQGOLNHFUD]\FDWHULQJWRRWKHUSHRSOH¶VDJHQGDV
GABARITO: CERTA
For me, the allure of accomplishing lots of little details would often
override my focus on the big things I value.
GABARITO: ERRADA
GABARITO: ERRADA
GABARITO: ERRADA
The trick then is to stay productive. Once your identity changes, you are
DW ULVN RI OHWWLQJ JR RI \RXU ULWXDOV <RX GRQ¶W QHHG WKHP DQ\PRUH \RX
think to yourself, because you are now a productive person. You no
longer suffer from the problem the rituals saved you from.
GABARITO: ERRADA
GABARITO: CERTA
32 ‡, ¶ P SU R Q H W R E H V R EX V \ > «@ Q I Wwould
K D Wget Z L
Y H U\ O LW W O H R I LP(lines
S R 15-18)
U W D Qillustrates
F H G that
R Q the
H author
· is
constantly distracted from his most relevant goals for the day
32 "Estou propenso a estar tão ocupado [...] que, sem intervenção, faria
pouca coisa de importância." (linhas 15-18) esclarece que o autor está
constantemente distraído de suas metas mais relevantes para o dia.
, ¶ P SU R Q H W R Eanswering
H V R emails,
E X Vmultitasking,
\ † taking phone
calls, taking care of errands † that, without intervention, I would get very
little of importance done.
GABARITO: CERTA
I would love to say that I am now one of those people who is naturally
pre-disposed to being highly SURGXFWLYH %XW ,¶P QRW 7KHUH¶V QRWKLQJ
natural about productivity for me.
GABARITO: CERTA
34 ,Q ³<RX KDYH WR FOLPE RXW WKH VDPH way you climbed in: with new
ULWXDOV´ OLQHV -59) the modal that substitutes µKDYH WR¶ ZLWKRXW D
change in meaning is can
34 Em "Você tem que sair da mesma forma que entrou: com novos
rituais" (linhas 58-59) o modal que substitui 'tem que' sem uma mudança
de significado é pode
GABARITO: ERRADA
Translation
Did you get done what you wanted to get done today?
Você fez o que você queria ter feito hoje?
Eu, infelizmente, não sou uma dessas pessoas. Sozinho com meus
próprios recursos, eu raramente termino meu dia com a satisfação de um
plano bem executado. Minha inclinação natural é começar o meu dia com
uma lista longa e excessivamente ambiciosa do que eu espero realizar e
esforço-me com enorme vontade de realizá-la.
For me, the allure of accomplishing lots of little details would often
override my focus on the big things I value. Each morning I would try
to change my natural tendency by exerting self-control. I would talk to
myself about how, starting this morning, I would be more focused, psych
myself up to have a productive GD\DQGFRPPLWWRP\VHOIWKDW,ZRXOGQ¶W
do any errands until the important work was done.
Our failures become our rituals, our rituals become our habits, and our
habits become our identity. We no longer experience an unproductive
day; we become unproductive people.
Você não pode ficar fora deste padrão por dizer que é uma pessoa
produtiva. Você é mais esperto do que isso, você não vai acreditar
mesmo e os dados não irão apoiar a ilusão. Você tem que sair da mesma
forma que entrou: com novos rituais.
For me, the best way to discover the most effective rituals to help me
achieve my most important priorities was through trial and error. Every
evening I looked at what worked and repeated it the next. I looked at
ZKDWGLGQ¶WDQGVWRSSHGLW
Rituals like these: Spending five minutes in the morning to place my most
important work onto my calendar, stopping every hour to ask myself
whether ,¶P VWLFNLQJ Wo my plan, and spending five minutes in the
evening to learn from my successes and failures.
Rituais como estes: Passar cinco minutos de manhã para colocar o meu
trabalho mais importante no meu calendário, parando a cada hora para
me perguntar se eu estou aderindo a meu plano, e passar cinco minutos
na noite para aprender com os meus sucessos e fracassos.
Não demora muito para que estes rituais se tornem hábitos e os hábitos
se tornem sua identidade. E então, você se torna uma pessoa produtiva.
The trick then is to stay productive. Once your identity changes, you are
at risk of letting go of your ULWXDOV <RX GRQ¶W QHHG WKHP anymore, you
think to yourself, because you are now a productive person. You no
longer suffer from the problem the rituals saved you from.
%XW WKDW¶V D PLVWDNH 5LWXDOV GRQ¶W FKDQge us. They simply modify our
behavior as long as we practice them. Once we stop, we lose their
benefit. In other words, being productive ² forever more ² Requires
that you maintain the rituals that keep you productive ² forever
more.
I would love to say that I am now one of those people who is naturally
pre-disposed to being highly SURGXFWLYH %XW ,¶P QRW 7KHUH¶V QRWKLQJ
natural about productivity for me.
Available in: <http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/how-we-
work/201109/are-you-training-yourself-fail>.Retrieved on: Sept.17, 2011
Fonte: http://www.cesgranrio.org.br/pdf/bndes0211/provas/PROVA
Comentários :
QUESTÃO 37
According to the text,
De acordo com o texto
Drinks are the single largest source of added sugar in the diet, and
the request to the government is one way to fight back against the
³XELTXLWRXV PDUNHWLQJ DQG KHDY\ FRQVXPSWLRQ´ RI sugar-sweetened
beverages, the executive director of the Center for Science in the Public
Interest (CSPI), Michael Jacobson, said at a news conference in
Washington.
As bebidas são a maior fonte de açúcar na dieta, e a solicitação ao
governo é uma forma de lutar contra o "marketing onipresente e consumo
pesado" de bebidas adoçadas com açúcar, o diretor executivo do Centro
para a Ciência no Interesse Público (CSPI), disse Michael Jacobson, em
uma coletiva de imprensa em Washington .
Opção B: sugar lays at the root of obesity among citizens of the United
States = o açúcar é a raiz do problema da obesidade dos cidadãos dos
Estados Unidos.
Opção D: the nutrition advocacy group wants the government to rule over
the marketing sugar-sweetened drinks = o grupo de defesa da nutrição
quer que o governo controle a comercialização de bebidas adoçadas com
açúcar.
GABARITO: A
QUESTÃO 38
In relation to the consumption of sugar, one can say, based on the text,
that
Em relação ao consumo de açúcar, pode-se dizer, baseado no texto, que
Opção D: the American federal government does not have any guidelines
for safe consumption = o governo federal americano não possui diretrizes
para o consumo seguro.
O texto diz que o americano consome mais do que a quantia segura, mas
não diz que o americano ignora ou não está consciente disso. Errada.
GABARITO: B
Translation
Drinks are the single largest source of added sugar in the diet, and the
request to the government is one way to fight back against the
³XELTXLWRXV PDUNHWLQJ DQG KHDY\ FRQVXPSWLRQ´ RI sugar-sweetened
beverages, the executive director of the Center for Science in the Public
Interest (CSPI), Michael Jacobson, said at a news conference in
Washington.
7 K H D Y H UD J H $ P H UL F D Q F R Q V XP than
H V is ‡ I D U
recommended by the federal government, the World Health Organization
and the American Heart Association. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans
and the Heart Association recommend that of a 2,000-calorie daily diet,
about 32 grams, or about 8 teaspoons, could be added sugars. Surveys
have shown the average consumption at 18 to 23 teaspoons a day.
By sugar, CSPI means sweeteners from cane and beets, corn, honey,
brown rice, malt and other sources of what Jacobson FDOOHG³QXWULWLRQDOO\
ZRUWKOHVVFDORULHV´
UnB/CESPE ± MME/2013
Tequila sunset
This sudden warming is like the peeling back of a lid to reveal a new
ocean underneath. That prospect is spreading alarm (among greens) and
excitement (at the natural resources and other economic opportunities
that could be unveiled).
Though most of the excitement has been about oil and gas, and the
opening of sea routes between the Atlantic and the Pacific, some people
At the moment, the waters around the Arctic account for a fifth of the
ZRUOG¶VFDWFK7KHUHDUHIHZILVKKRZHYHU under the ice itself. A fishing
bonanza would require big ecological change. A conference organised at
the University of Tromso, in January, looked at how warming will change
the HFRORJ\7KHFRQVHQVXVZDVWKDWLWZRQ¶W² not because the Arctic will
change too little, but because it will change too much.
Internet: <www.economist.com> (adapted).
Comentários :
Based on the article, it can be affirmed that
Baseado no artigo, pode-se afirmar que
Though most of the excitement has been about oil and gas, and the
opening of sea routes between the Atlantic and the Pacific, some people
O texto não afirma que a mudança é de fato benéfica. O que o texto diz é
que embora exista tanta animação em torno disso, as pessoas que
esperam esses benefícios, provavelmente irão se desapontar com o que
na verdade irá acontecer. Isto significa que, embora o derretimento do
Ártico traga alguns benefícios, mas riscos são muito maiores. Errada.
Opção C: WKH DUHD DQG WKH YROXPH RI WKH $UFWLF 2FHDQ¶V LFH VKHHW KDYH
decreased in the same proportion from 1979 to 2012 = a área e o volume
de camada de gelo do Oceano Ártico diminuíram na mesma proporção de
1979 a 2012.
On September 16th , 2012, at the height of the summer melt, the Arctic
2FHDQ¶VLFHVKHHWKDGVKUXQNWRDQDUHDRI3.41m square kilometers, half
what it was in 1979. And its volume had shrunk faster still, to a quarter of
what it was in 1979, as the sheet is getting thinner as well as smaller.
Though most of the excitement has been about oil and gas, and the
opening of sea routes between the Atlantic and the Pacific, some people
hope for a fishing bonanza, too, for warmth and light bring ecological
renewal to what is now an icy desert. But they may be disappointed.
QUESTÃO 36
7KHZRUG³IRU´LQ³IRUZDUPWKDQGOLJKWEULQJHFRORJLFDOUHQHZDO to what
is QRZDQLF\GHVHUW´5 .16-17), is used to introduce
A palavra "para", em ³SDUD calor e luz trazer renovação ecológica para o
que agora é um deserto gelado" (R 0,16-17), é usada para introduzir
Though most of the excitement has been about oil and gas, and the
opening of sea routes between the Atlantic and the Pacific, some people
hope for a fishing bonanza, too, for warmth and light bring ecological
renewal to what is now an icy desert. But they may be disappointed.
Por que as pessoas esperam uma bonança de pesca? Por causa do calor e
da luz que trazem renovação ecológica para o gelo. Este é o motivo,
portanto a palavra for neste contexto é usada para introduzir uma razão.
Esta é a opção correta.
GABARITO: C
Translation
Tequila sunset
Pôr do sol Tequila
On September 16th , 2012, at the height of the summer melt, the Arctic
2FHDQ¶VLFHVKHHWKDGVKUXQNWRDQDUHDRI 3.41m square kilometers, half
what it was in 1979. And its volume had shrunk faster still, to a quarter of
what it was in 1979, as the sheet is getting thinner as well as smaller.
This sudden warming is like the peeling back of a lid to reveal a new
ocean underneath. That prospect is spreading alarm (among greens) and
excitement (at the natural resources and other economic opportunities
that could be unveiled).
Este aquecimento súbito é como abrir uma tampa para revelar um novo
oceano abaixo. Essa perspectiva está espalhando alarme (entre os
ambientalistas) e animação (nos recursos naturais e outras oportunidades
econômicas que poderiam ser reveladas).
Though most of the excitement has been about oil and gas, and the
opening of sea routes between the Atlantic and the Pacific, some people
hope for a fishing bonanza, too, for warmth and light bring ecological
renewal to what is now an icy desert. But they may be disappointed.
At the moment, the waters around the Arctic account for a fifth of the
ZRUOG¶VFDWFK7KHUHDUHIHZILVKKRZHYHU under the ice itself. A fishing
bonanza would require big ecological change. A conference organised at
9 - Sumário e Vocabulários
Did you get done what you wanted to get done today?
By Peter Bregman. September 13, 2011 / Psychology Today
Questão 1
According to the text,
21 7KH DXWKRU¶V LQWHQWLRQ LQ WKLV WH[W LV WR suggest a strategy to keep
focused on the main items RQRQH¶Vto-do list.
22 In the first paragraph, Peter Bregman mentions people who are
naturally pre-disposed to being highly productive because he wishes he
could be like them
E\UHIHUULQJWRDOORI3HWHU%UHJPDQ¶Vfinancial problems
23 The expression busyness (line 19) is in italics to confuse the reader
24 7KH VHQWHQFH ³,W DOPRVW QHYHU ZRUNHG´ OLQH UHIHUV WR the fact
that the author tried to control his impulse of doing irrelevant errands
before facing his commitments
31 ,Q ³2QFH ZH VWRS ZH ORVH WKHLU EHQHILW´ (line 92) the word ³RQFH´
can be replaced, without changing the meaning of the sentence, by
as soon as
34 ,Q ³<RX KDYH WR FOLPE RXW WKH VDPH ZD\ you climbed in: with new
ULWXDOV´ OLQHV -59) the modal that substitutes µKDYH WR¶ ZLWKRXW D
change in meaning is can
QUESTÃO 37
According to the text,
A consumers ingest sugar mostly from drinks.
B sugar lays at the root of obesity among citizens of the United States.
C the problem associated to sugar consumption would be alleviated if
industries invested in alternative means of sweetening drinks.
QUESTÃO 38
In relation to the consumption of sugar, one can say, based on the text,
that
This sudden warming is like the peeling back of a lid to reveal a new
ocean underneath. That prospect is spreading alarm (among greens) and
excitement (at the natural resources and other economic opportunities
that could be unveiled).
Though most of the excitement has been about oil and gas, and the
opening of sea routes between the Atlantic and the Pacific, some people
hope for a fishing bonanza, too, for warmth and light bring ecological
renewal to what is now an icy desert. But they may be disappointed.
At the moment, the waters around the Arctic account for a fifth of the
ZRUOG¶VFDWFK7KHUHDUHIHZILVKKRZHYHU under the ice itself. A fishing
bonanza would require big ecological change. A conference organised at
the University of Tromso, in January, looked at how warming will change
the HFRORJ\7KHFRQVHQVXVZDVWKDWLWZRQ¶W² not because the Arctic will
change too little, but because it will change too much.
Internet: <www.economist.com> (adapted).
QUESTÃO 35
Based on the article, it can be affirmed that
A global warming started to disrupt the fishing industry in the area around
the Arctic.
D the findings do not mean people have no reason to be excited about the
reduction of the Arctic ice sheet.
A an unexpected result.
B a consequence.
C a reason.
D a purpose.
E a contradiction.
Aqui findamos a nossa primeira aula deste curso, espero que você tire
bastante proveito. Até a próxima aula,
Ena Smith
enaglaucia@estrategiaconcursos.com.br
https://www.facebook.com/ena.smith.79