UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE

CENTRO DE TECNOLOGIA
DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA ELÉTRICA
ELE0513 - ANALISE DE SISTEMAS DE POTENCIA I
PROFESSOR ARRHENIUS VINICIUS DA COSTA OLIVEIRA

Autor:
JA

P2s

Natal - RN
Maio de 20XX
1 P2 - 2016.2 - OK

( (
ϕ 0.0008 Hf d ≈ 5 A/m µf d ≈ 0.16 H/m
B= = = 0.8 T =⇒ =⇒
A 10 · 10−4 Hsm ≈ 1 A/m µsm ≈ 0.8 H/m

R·ϕ (Rf d + Rsm + RG ) · ϕ

F = N · i = R · ϕ =⇒ i = =
N N
   
lf d lsm lG lf d lsm lG
+ + ·ϕ + + ·ϕ
µf d · A µsm · A µG · A µf d µsm µG
i= =
N N ·A
−2 −2 −2
 
15 · 10 25 · 10 0.1 · 10
+ + · 0.0008
0.16 0.8 µ0
i=
100 · 10 · 10−4
1 20
i= + ≈ 6.376 A
100 π

1
 |SN OM | |V | PCC
|I CC | = = 8.33 A; |ZCC | = CC = 6 Ω; RCC = 2 = 2.88 Ω
|VN OM | |I CC | ICC
( (
R1 = R2′ = 1.44 Ω R2 = R2′ · α−2 = 14.4 mΩ
XCC = 5.264 Ω ⇒ ⇒
X1 = X2′ = 2.632 Ω X2 = X2′ · α−2 = 26.318 mΩ
|ICA |
|YCA | = = 6.944 m℧; gCA = 2.778 m℧; bCA = 6.365 m℧
|VCA |
1 1
RCA = = 360 Ω; XCA = = 157.12 Ω
gCA bCA

|S|
I2 = ∠acos(f p) = 83.33∠23.07◦ A
|V 2 |
V ′1 = V ′2 + (Z1′ + Z2 )I 2 = V ′2 + Ze2 I 2 = 240.54∠1.185◦ V

|V v2 | − |V P2 C |
reg = = 0.2252%
|V P2 C |

s
fe
Pper
|I max
2 | = = 74.54 A
Re2

|V 2 ||I 2 |cosθ
η= fe
= 98.093%
|V 2 ||I 2 |cosθ + 2Pper

2
 VL V α
= √F = √ ∠ − 30◦ ⇒ Dyn11
Vl ◦
V f · ( 3∠30 ) 3

56.818∠150◦ 113.636∠ − 30◦

I A′ B ′ = I C ′ A′ = = 905.635∠150◦ mA; I B ′ C ′ = = 1.811∠−30◦ A
α α
I A = I A′ B ′ −I C ′ A′ = 0 A; I B = I B ′ C ′ −I A′ B ′ = 2.72∠−30◦ A; I C = I C ′ A′ −I B ′ C ′ = 2.72∠150◦ A

V an = V cn = Z · I a = 110∠ − 156.87◦ V ; V bn = Z · I b = 220∠23.13◦ V

V CA = V AB = αV an = 6.9∠ − 156.87◦ kV ; V BC = 13.8∠23.13◦ kV

Fase A rompida do primário do TRAFO, fazendo com que não exista corrente IA no
primário e fazendo com que as tensões fiquem desequilibradas.

3
 Sb V2 Vb Sb V2
Ib1 = ; Zb1 = b1 ; Vb2 = 1 ; Ib2 = ; Zb2 = b2 ;
Vb1 Sb α1 Vb2 Sb
Ib1 = 1 kA; Zb1 = 10 Ω; Vb2 = 96.227 kV ; Ib2 = 103.921 A; Zb2 = 925.969 Ω;
Vb2 Sb V2
Vb3 = ; Ib3 = ; Zb3 = b3 ;
α2 Vb3 Sb
Vb3 = 9.623 kV ; Ib3 = 1039.21 A; Zb3 = 9.26 Ω

|V CC | PCC
|ZCC | = = 10.08 Ω; RCC = = 2.52Ω ⇒ XCC = 9.762 Ω
|I CC | |I CC |

2
SbN VbTV 2
 
pu ZLT
ZLT = = 54.65∠71.57◦ mP U ; ZTpuN = ZTpuV V
= 43.56∠53.13◦ mP U
Zb2 2 2
SbT 2
VbN
ZT1 S
ZTpu1 = = 10.89∠75.52◦ mP U ; S pu = = 1∠23.07◦ P U
Zb1 Sb
 pu 
pu pu pu pu pu S pu V
V G = I pu · (ZLT + ZT1 ZT2 ) + V C = pu · (ZLT + ZTpu1 ZTpu2 ) + C
VC Vb3
 pu 
pu S Vb3 pu V
VG = · (ZLT + ZTpu1 ZTpu2 ) + C = 932.215∠5.284◦ mP U
VC Vb3

I 2,T2 = I pu · I b3 = 1.25∠ − 23.07◦ kA

pu
S2,T1 = S2,T1
· Sb = ((V pu
G −I
pu
· ZTpu1 ) · I ∗pu ) · Sb = 11.1066∠27.762◦ M V A

4
 Pelo sistema ser simétrico e equlibrado, então:
V A1 B1 α1 V a1 n1 α1 V A2 N2 α1 α2 Va2 b2
V1 =− =− =− =− = 104.35∠◦ 180 V
RT P RT P RT P RT P
V B1 N1 V α1 α2 Vb2 c2
V2 = = √B1 C1 = √ = 60.25∠150◦ V
RT P RT P 3∠ − 30◦ RT P 3∠ − 30◦

√ √ √
IC I C1 A1 3∠30◦ I c1 n1 3∠30◦ (I C2 N2 + I CY ) 3∠30◦
I1 = = = =
RT C RT C α1 RT C α1 RT C
S3ϕYLT √
   
S3ϕYC
√ √ + α2 3∠30◦
(I c2 a2 + α2 I CY ) 3∠30◦ I c + α2 I CY 3∠30◦ 3V YC 3V YLT
I1 = = =
α1 α2 RT C α1 α2 RT C α1 α2 RT C
√ ! 
S3ϕYC 3∠ − 30◦ S3ϕYLT √

S3ϕYLT √
   
S3ϕYC ◦ + 3∠30◦
+ α2 3∠30 3V 3V
3V CN 3V C2 N2 c2 a2 c2 a2
I1 = =
α1 α2 RT C α1 α2 RT C
I 1 = 4.463∠ − 130.601 A; I 2 = 4.463∠ − 10.601 A; I 3 = 4.463∠109.399◦ A;
◦ ◦

5
2 P2 - 2017.2 - OK

R.:
F=N ·i=R·ϕ
 
lA lG
+ ·ϕ
R·ϕ (RA + RG ) · ϕ µA · A µG · A
i= = =
N N N
−2 −3
   
lA lG ϕ 40 · 10 10 0.0014
+ · + ·
µrA µrG A · µ0 5000 1 10 · 10−4 · 4π · 10−7
i= =
N 100
378
i= ≈ 12.03 A
10π

378
N ·i 100 · 2700000
Req = = 10π =⇒ Req = ≈ 859436.69 Ae/W b
ϕ 0.0014 π

6
R.: Preenchendo o restante dos valores dos ensaios, obtém-se:
22k
|I CC | = = 10 A; |V CA | = 220 V
2.2k
|V CC | PCC √
|ZCC | = = 20 Ω; RCC = = 4Ω =⇒ X CC = 8 6Ω
|I CC | |I CC |2

RCC √
Re2 = = 40 mΩ; X e2 = 80 6 mΩ
α2
|I CA | PCA √
|YCA | = = 10 m℧; gCA = = 5 m℧ =⇒ b CA = 5 3 m℧
|VCA| |V CA |2

1 1 200
Rc2 = = 200Ω; Xm2 = = √ Ω
gCA bCA 3

s
fe
Pper
|I max
2 | = = 77.87 A
Re2

|V 2 ||I 2 |cosθ
η= fe
≈ 96.953%
|V 2 ||I 2 |cosθ + 2Pper

|S|
I2 = ∠ − acos(f p) = 100∠ − 18.19◦ A
|V 2 |
V ′1 = V ′2 + (Ze′ 1 + Ze2 )I 2 = V ′2 + (Re2 + jXe2 )I 2 = 230.57∠4.32◦ V

|V v2 | − |V P2 C |
reg = = 4.8062%
|V P2 C |

7
 R.:

Dado que a carga nominal está submetida a |V 2 | = 220V e P = 110 kW . Tem-se que
a corrente no secundário é dado por |I 2 | = 500 A. Dessa forma, E 2 = 220 + j500 · 0.012 =
220.08∠1.56◦ V . Como se trata de um trafo abaixador, então a corrente no primário
é de |I 1 | = 100 A. Pela relação de transformação, E 1 = 1100.41∠1.56◦ V . Por fim,
V 1 = 1100.41∠1.56 + j100 · 0.3 = 1101.635∠3.12◦ V .

8
 Sb1ϕ V2 Vb Sb1ϕ V2
Ib1 = ; Zb1 = b1 ; Vb2 = 1 ; Ib2 = ; Zb2 = b2
Vb1 Sb1ϕ α Vb2 Sb1ϕ
Ib1 = 5 kA; Zb1 = 4 Ω; Vb2 = 100 kV ; IbL2 = 1 kA; ZbL2 = 100 Ω

2
SbN VbTV 1
 
pu V
V G = G = 0.5 P U ; ZTpuN = ZTpuV V
= j0.017 P U
Vb1 1 1
SbT 1
VbN
XL ZC |VCnom |2
XLpu = pu
= j0.1 P U ; ZC = = nom ∠θf p = 0.3125∠36.87◦ P U
Zb2 Zb2 |S |ZbL2
pu ZCpu pu ◦ pu
V C = pu pu pu V G = 0.396∠−13.71 P U ⇒ V C = V C ·Vb2 = 39.685∠−13.71 kV
ZC + XL + ZT1

V pu
 
SGpu =V pu
· (I pu
G) =V pu
· G
= 0.635∠50.58◦ P U
G G
ZC + XLpu + ZTpu1
pu

 
PLpu = Re V pu
L · (I pu
L ) = Re(ZLpu · I pu pu pu pu 2
L · (I L )) = Re(ZL · |I L | ) = 0 P U

9
 √
VL V F · ( 3∠30◦ ) √
= = 3α∠30◦ ⇒ Y N d1
Vl Vf

230
V AB = 230∠50◦ kV ⇒ V AN = √ ∠20◦ kV ⇒ V ac = 69∠20◦ kV
3

I a = I a′ c′ − I b′ a′
(
I b′ a′ = 345∠ − 136.87◦ A

V ac ◦
I a′ c′ = = 345∠ − 16.87 A ⇒ ⇒ I b = I b′ a′ − I c′ b′
Zac I c′ b′ = 345∠103.13◦ A 
I c = I c′ b′ − I a′ c′

√ √ √
I a = 345 3∠13.13◦ A; I b = 345 3∠ − 106.87◦ A; I c = 345 3∠133.13◦ A.

I c′ b ′
I cb = −I c′ b′ = 345∠−76.87◦ A ⇒ I ac = −I a′ c′ = I ba = −I b′ a′ = − = 172.50∠103.13◦ A
2
I ac I
I AN = −= 89.633∠ − 76.87◦ A; I BN = − ba = 89.633∠ − 76.87◦ A
α α
I cb
I CN = − = 179.27∠103.13◦ A.
α
I CN I I
I1 = = 4.481∠103.13◦ A; I 2 = AN = 2.240∠−76.87◦ A; I 3 = BN = 2.240∠−76.87◦ A.
RT C RT C RT C
V V
V 1 = − AB = 115∠ − 130◦ V ; V 2 = BN = 66.395∠ − 100◦ V
RT P RT P

10
3 P2 - Parte 1 - 2018.1 - OK

F=N ·i=R·ϕ
N ·i N ·i
ϕ= =
R RA + RB + RG
N ·i N ·i A · N · i · µ0
ϕ= = =
RA + RB + RG lA lB lG lA lB lG
+ + + +
µA · A µB · A µG · A µrA µrB µrG

5 · 10−4 · 100 · 5 · µ0 125

ϕ= =⇒ ϕ= µ0 ≈ 5.43µ0 W b
40 · 10−2 1 · 10−2 1 · 10−3 23
+ +
10 2 1

11
 Dado que o transformador é de especificação Dyn1, conclui-se então que ele está ligado
em ∆ no lado de alta (primário) e em Y no lado de baixa (secundário). Além disso, como
tem-se uma fonte simétrica com senciência de fase positiva e V AN = 8.2∠60◦ kV =⇒
V AB = 14.20∠90◦ kV . Então:
V AB 13800 380∠30◦ · V AB
= ◦
=⇒ V ab = = 391.09∠120◦ V
V ab 380∠30 13800
V an = 225.80∠90◦ V ; V bn = 225.80∠ − 30◦ V ; V cn = 225.80∠ − 150◦ V ;
 
Za ◦ ◦
V
 an
 ′ ′ = V an ZT +Za = 239.34∠85.14 V V a′ b′ = 390.38∠113.42 V

V b′ n′ = V bn ZTZ+Z
b
b
= 212.41∠ − 34.32◦ V ⇒ V b′ c′ = 376.51∠ − 2.57◦ V
 
V c′ n′ = V cn ZTZ+Z
c
= 225.52∠ − 152.86 ◦
V V c′ a′ = 406.64∠ − 122.92◦ V
 
c

 I an V an 
I AB =
 α
= α(Za +ZT )
= 1.90∠122.01◦ A ◦
I A = I AB − I CA = 2.03∠95.95 A

I bn V bn
I BC = α
= α(Zb +ZT )
= 1.69∠ − 71.19◦ A ⇒ I B = I BC − I AB = 3.57∠ − 64.20◦ A
I cn V cn
 
I CA = = = 0.90∠ − 152.86◦ A I C = I CA − I BC = 1.79∠138.45◦ A
 
α α(Zc +ZT )

12
 Para suportar as devidas diferenças de potencial em cada terminal dos trafos mo-
nofásicos, monta-se o sistema de forma a possuir o trifásico em delta e o secundário em
estrela aterrado.

PCC (Ptot − Pvaz )|E 1 |2

RCC = = = 120 Ω
|I CC |2 |S|2

13
 |I T1 C | IPCC
max |S3ϕ |
RT C = TC
= TC
= 20; |IL | = √ ≈ 40A
|I 2 | |I 2 |F S 3|V L |

|I CC |
I= = 8 A =⇒ t = 0.4 s
k · RT C

14
4 P2 - Parte 2 - 2018.1 - OK

|S| |S ′ | |S||E 1 |
|I 1 | = |I ′1 | =⇒ = ′ =⇒ |S ′ | =
|E 1 | |E 1 | |E 1 |
Mas tem-se que:
dϕ
|E| = N = N ωϕmax
dt
Então:
|S|N ω1′ ϕmax |S|f1′
|S ′ | = = = 1 kV A
N ω1 ϕmax f1

|E 1 | N ω1 ϕmax f1′
′ = =⇒ |E ′1 | = |E | = 250 V
|E 1 | N ω1′ ϕmax f1 1

15
 I2 I
V 1 = ZL1 · I 1 + E 1 = ZL1 · + αE 2 = ZL1 · 2 + α(V 2 + ZL2 · I 2 )
α α
V 1 = 399.84∠ − 90◦ kV

|S|
I2 = ∠ − acos(f p) = 50∠ − 36.87◦ A
|V 2 |
V ′1 = V ′2 + (Ze′ 1 + Ze2 )I 2 = V ′2 + (Re2 + jXe2 )I 2 = 100.30∠0.023◦ kV

|V v2 | − |V P2 C |
reg = = 0.030%
|V P2 C |

16
 Sb1ϕ V2 VbF1 Sb1ϕ V2
IbF1 = ; ZbF1 = bF1 ; VbF2 = ; IbF2 = ; ZbF2 = bF2 ;
VbF1 Sb1ϕ α1 VbF2 Sb1ϕ
IbF1 = 2.4 kA; ZbF1 = 0.525 Ω; VbF2 = 12.6 kV ; IbF2 = 240 A; ZbF2 = 52.5 Ω;
VbF2 Sb1ϕ V2
VbF3 = ; IbF3 = ; ZbF3 = bF3 ;
α2 VbF3 Sb1ϕ
VbF3 = 6.3 kV ; IbF3 = 480 A; ZbF3 = 13.125 Ω

2 2
SbN VbTV 1 SbN VbTV 2
   
ZTpuN = ZTpuV V
= j0.219 P U ; ZTpuN = ZTpuV = j0.329 P U ;
1 1
SbT1
VbN 2 2 V
SbT 2
VbN

|VL | |S3ϕ | V AN
|V AN | = √ = = 1386.67 V ⇒ V pu
AN = = 1.1 P U
3 3|I L | VbF1
I AN
I pu
AN = = 0.4167∠ − 90◦ P U ⇒ V pu pu pu pu pu ◦
4 = V AN − (ZT1 + ZT2 )I AN = 0.871∠0 P U
IbF1
V 4 = V pu ◦
4 · VbF3 = 5489.78∠0 V

pu
S3ϕ = 3S1ϕ = 3S1ϕ Sb1ϕ = 3Sb1ϕ (V pu pu pu pu pu pu
AN3 · I A3 ) = 3Sb1ϕ ((V AN − ZT1 I AN ) · I A3 )

S3ϕ = 3812.4∠90◦ kV A

17
5 P2 - 2018.2 - OK

R.:
√
V F = RT P · V 2 = 345 kV ⇒ |V L | = 3|V F | = 597.56 kV

V sec V pri RT C RT C pri

Zaux = k · ZLsec = k = k =k Z = 6∠81◦ Ω
I sec RT P I pri RT P L

18
R.:
S
q
2 2
|V CC | = |ZCC ||I CC | = RCC + XCC ·
E1
√
q
2 2 2
S 5 10
|V CC | = α Re2 + Xe2 · = kV
E1 22

 2
fe co ′ 2 fe ′ S fe
Ptot = Pcar + Pper + Pper = S · f p + Re |I 2 | + Pper = S · f p + Re + Pper
E2

Ptot = 48545.53 W

s
fe
Pper
|I max
2 |= = 230 A
Re2

P2 = |E 2 ||I 2 |f p = 48.07 kW

19
 V ′2
V ′1 = V ′2 + (Ze′ 1 + Ze2 )I 2 = V ′2 + (Re′ 1 + jXe′ 1 ) = 201∠0◦ V
ZL

|V v2 | − |V P2 C |
reg = = 0.50%
|V P2 C |

X X X
Pn ∆Tn Pn ∆Tn Pn ∆Tn
η=X =X =X
f en con con
Ptot ∆Tn (Pn + Pper + Pper )∆Tn (Pn + Pper )∆Tn

P1 ∆T1 P1 200
η= co1 = co1 = = 99.502%
P1 ∆T1 + Pper ∆T1 P1 + Pper 201

20
 Sb3ϕ V2 VbL1 Sb3ϕ V2
IbL1 = √ ; ZbL1 = bL1 ; VbL2 = ; IbL2 = √ ; ZbL2 = bL2 ;
3VbL1 Sb3ϕ α 3VbL2 Sb3ϕ
IbL1 = 769.80 A; ZbL1 = 56.25 Ω; VbL2 = 15 kV ; IbL2 = 3849 A; ZbL2 = 2.25 Ω;

2   V 2
SbN V
SbN
  
VbG VbM
ZGpuN = ZGpuV V
= j0.1 P U ; puN
ZM
= puV
ZM = j0.139 P U ;
SbG VbN V
SbM VbN
 N   V 2  N   V 2
Sb VbT1 Sb VbT2
ZTpuN = ZTpuV V N
puN puV
= j0.169 P U ; ZT2 = ZT2 V
= j0.270 P U ;
1 1
SbT1 Vb SbT2 VbN

ZLpu1 ZL1
ZLpueq = (ZLpu1 //ZLpu2 ) = = = j0.15 P U ; ZTpueq = (ZTpu1 //ZTpu2 ) = j0.104 P U
2 2ZbL1
SG3ϕ
V pu pu
pu
◦ ◦
AN = |V AB |∠θV AB − 30 = 0.933∠ − 30 P U ; SG3ϕ =
pu
= 0.45 P U
Sb3ϕ
|I 3ϕ | SG3ϕ
I pu
A = ∠ − θF P − 30◦ = √ ∠ − θF P − 30◦ = 0.482∠ − 55.84◦ P U
IbL1 3VL3ϕ IbL1
V pu pu pu pu pu pu ◦
A′ N ′ = V AN −(ZG +ZLeq +ZTeq )·I A = 0.873∠−40.14 P U ⇒ V an = 0.873∠−70.14 P U

I pu pu ◦ pu pu ◦
A ⇒ I a = 0.482∠ − 85.84 P U ⇒ V a′ n′ = V an − ZM I a = 0.857∠ − 74.46 P U
V Pa′Ub′ = V a′ n′ · 1∠30◦ = 0.857∠ − 44.46◦ P U ⇒ V a′ b′ = V Pa′Ub′ · VbL2 = 12852.79∠ − 44.46◦ V

21
 230
V AB = 230∠50◦ kV ⇒ V AN = √ ∠20◦ kV ⇒ V ac = 69∠20◦ kV
3

I a = I a′ c′ − I b′ a′
(
◦

V ac ◦ I b′ a′ = 345∠ − 130 A
I a′ c′ = = 345∠ − 10 A ⇒ ⇒ I b = I b′ a′ − I c′ b′
Zac I c′ b′ = 345∠110◦ A 
I c = I c′ b′ − I a′ c′

√ √ √
I a = 345 3∠20◦ A; I b = 345 3∠ − 100◦ A; I c = 345 3∠140◦ A.

I c′ b ′
I cb = −I c′ b′ = 345∠ − 70◦ A ⇒ I ac = −I a′ c′ = I ba = −I b′ a′ = −
= 172.50∠110◦ A
2
I I I
I AN = − ac = 89.633∠−70◦ A; I BN = − ba = 89.633∠−70◦ A; I CN = − cb = 179.27∠110◦ A.
α α α
I I I
I 1 = CN = 4.481∠110◦ A; I 2 = AN = 2.240∠ − 70◦ A; I 3 = BN = 2.240∠ − 70◦ A.
RT C RT C RT C
V V
V 1 = − AB = 115∠ − 130◦ V ; V 2 = BN = 66.395∠ − 100◦ V
RT P RT P

22
6 P2 - 2019.2 - Ok/2

Percorrendo o entreferro tem-se que:

80k · 0.125∠θ1 = j40k · 0.25∠θ2 ⇒ 1∠θ1 = j∠θ2 ⇒ θ2 = θ1 − 90◦

Dessa forma:

0.125∠θ1 + 0.25∠θ2 = 0.125∠θ1 + 0.25∠θ1 − 90◦ = 0.125∠θ1 (1 + 2∠ − 90◦ )

√
5
0.125∠θ1 + 0.25∠θ2 = ∠θ1 − 63.43◦
8
Por fim: √
5
4.9∠θ3 + ∠θ1 − 63.43◦ = 5
8
Do qual forma o seguinte sistema:
(√
5
sen(θ1 − 63.43◦ ) + 4.9sen(θ3 ) = 0
√8
8
5
cos(θ1 − 63.43◦ ) + 4.9cos(θ3 ) = 5

Para fins de simplicação, utiliza-se o seguinte sistema:

( (
a · sen(x) + b · sen(y) = 0 a2 · sen2 (x) = b2 · sen2 (y)
⇒
a · cos(x) + b · cos(y) = c a2 · cos2 (x) = c2 + b2 cos2 (y) − 2bccos(y)

Somando-se as equações tem-se que:

b 2 + c 2 − a2
 
2 2 2
a = b + c − 2bccos(y) ⇒ y = acos
2bc

23
Pela topologia dos complexos, ao substituir o valor de y, encontra-se que:

b b 2 + c 2 − a2
  
c
a · cos(x) + b · cos(y) = c ⇒ x = −acos −
a a 2bc

Substituindo os valores de a, b, c tem-se que:

x = −67.53◦ ; y = 3.02◦ ⇒ θ1 = −4.10◦ ; θ2 = −94.10◦ ; θ3 = 3.02◦

Dessa forma:
E 1 = 80k · 0.125∠ − 4.10◦ = 10∠ − 4.10◦ kV
V 1 = (20 + j60) · 5 + E 1 = 10.083∠ − 2.36◦ kV
E1
E2 = = 1∠ − 4.10◦ kV
10
V 2 = E 2 − (0.2 + j0.6) · 49∠3.02◦ = 994.38∠ − 5.85◦ V

|V ||I| · cos(θ)
η= = 95.886%
co + P f e
|V ||I| · cos(θ) + Pper per

24
 V a′ b′ = 69∠25◦ kV ; V b′ c′ = 69∠145◦ kV ; V c′ a′ = 69∠ − 95◦ kV ;
V a′ b′ V ′′ V ′ ′
I a′ b′ = = 345∠ − 5◦ A; I b′ c′ = b c = 345∠115◦ A; I c′ a′ = c a = 345∠ − 125◦ A;
Z Z Z
√ √ √
I a = I a′ b′ − I c′ a′ = 345 3∠25 A ⇒ I b = 345 3∠145 A; I c = 345 3∠ − 95◦ A;
◦ ◦
(
V bc = 73.527∠147.02 kV
V ab = V a′ b′ + ZL · (I a − I b ) = 73.527∠27.02 kV ⇒
V ca = 73.527∠ − 92.98 kV
(
V A′ N ′ α V B ′ N ′ = 141.503∠27.02◦ kV
= √ ⇒ V A′ N ′ = 141.503∠ − 92.98◦ kV ⇒
V ca 3 V C ′ N ′ = 141.503∠147.02◦ kV
(
V BC = 245.09∠ − 2.98◦ kV
V AB = V A′ N ′ − V B ′ N ′ = 245.09∠ − 122.98◦ kV ⇒
V CA = 245.09∠117.02◦ kV

V b′ c′ I′′
I b′ c′ = = 345∠115◦ A; I c′ a′ = I a′ b′ = − b c = 172.5∠ − 65◦ A;
Z 2
I bc = −I b′ c′ = 345∠ − 65 A; I ca = I ab = −I a′ b′ = 172.5∠115◦ A
◦

√ √
IA I 3 ◦ IC 3
= B =− ⇒ I A = I B = 89.63∠ − 65 A; =− ⇒ I C = 179.27∠115◦ A
I ca I ab α I bc α

25
 V a′ b′ = 380∠70◦ V ; V b′ c′ = 380∠ − 50◦ V ; V c′ a′ = 380∠ − 170◦ V
Pela simetria do problema converte-se a carga em delta para uma carga equivalente em
estrela. Ou seja:
Z∆ 1
ZY = = ∠36.87◦ Ω
3 3
Dessa forma:
( √
V a′ n′ V a′ b′ √ ◦ I b′ n′ = 380 3∠ − 116.87◦ A
I a′ n′ = = √ = 380 3∠3.13 A ⇒ √
Za′ n′ Za′ n′ ( 3∠30◦ ) I c′ n′ = 380 3∠123.13◦ A

SCa = ZCa |I a |2 = 144400∠36.87◦ V A ⇒ P1ϕ = 115519.85 W

Sa = Za |I a |2 = (ZL + Za′ n′ )|I a |2 = 158980.16∠42.94◦ V A ⇒ P1ϕ + P1ϕ
co
per
= 116386.25 W
P3ϕ simetria P1ϕ
η= co
−−−−−→ η = co
= 99.256%
P3ϕ + P3ϕper P1ϕ + P1ϕ per

Dado a situação problema apontada, a potência fornecida pela fonte pode ser obtida em
qualquer local do primário da linha. Cada um dos wattı́metros irá medir:

w P1ϕ
P1ϕ = = 96.267 W
RT C · RT P

26
 (
V ′ ′ V an = 132.31∠ − 75◦ V
V cn = C A = 132.31∠45◦ V ⇒
α V bn = 132.31∠165◦ V
Za Zb Zc
V a′ n′ = V an ; V b′ n′ = V bn ; V c′ n′ = V cn
Za + ZT Zb + ZT Zc + ZT
V a′ n′ = 140.25∠ − 79.86◦ V ; V b′ n′ = 124.47∠160.68◦ V ; V c′ n′ = 132.14∠42.14◦ V

I cc I cc I cc
I A′ B ′ = a
= 4.45∠ − 90◦ A; I B ′ C ′ = b = 0.67∠135◦ A; I C ′ A′ = c = 0.34∠15◦ A;
α α α

◦
I A = 4.54∠ − 94.1 A

I A = I A′ B ′ − I C ′ A′ I B = I B ′ C ′ − I A′ B ′ ; I C = I C ′ A′ − I B ′ C ′ ⇒ I B = 4.94∠95.52◦ A

I C = 0.89∠ − 25.89◦ A


Dado a montagem do primário, como as fases A e B estão abertas, não será possı́vel
o funcionamento parcial ou total do Trafo, dessa forma, a corrente I C também é nula
fazendo com que nenhum consumidor tenha tensão para suprir suas necessidades.

27
7 P2 - Parte 1 - 20XX.X - Ok/2

|E 1 | N ω1 ϕmax f1′
′ = =⇒ |E ′1 | = |E | = 250 V
|E 1 | N ω1′ ϕmax f1 1

|S| |S ′ | |S||E 1 |
|I 1 | = |I ′1 | =⇒ = ′ =⇒ |S ′ | = = 1 kV A
|E 1 | |E 1 | |E 1 |

28
 |I T1 C | I CC |S3ϕ |
RT C = T C = TPCmax = 20; |IL | = √ ≈ 48A
|I 2 | |I 2 |F S 3|V L |

|I CC |
I= = 5 A =⇒ t = 0.7 s
k · RT C

|I CC |
I= = 1 A =⇒ t > 10 s
k · RT C
Dado a leitura do gráfico, pode-se concluir que caso o relé venha atuar, terá um tempo
maior que 10 s. Mas não é garantido que o relé atuará, nem o quão próximo esse valor
está de 10 s.

29
 2
VbF
Ze2 = Zpu · ZbF2 = Zpu · 2 1 = 0.414∠69.44◦ Ω
α Sb1ϕ

RCC
Re2 = = 145.2 mΩ; Xe2 = 387.2 mΩ
α2
|I CA | PCA
|YCA | = = 10.45 m℧; gCA = = 0.826 m℧ =⇒ bCA = 10.42 m℧
|VCA| |V CA |2

1 1
Rc2 = = 1210Ω; Xm2 = = 95.95Ω
gCA bCA

|S|
I2 = ∠ − acos(f p) = 45.45∠ − 36.87◦ A
|V 2 |
V 1 = α · (V 2 + Ze2 I 2 ) = 13715.12∠25.65◦ V

30
 □

31
 Sb3ϕ V2 VbL1 Sb3ϕ V2
IbL1 = √ ; ZbL1 = bL1 ; VbL2 = ; IbL2 = √ ; ZbL2 = bL2 ;
3VbL1 Sb3ϕ α 3VbL2 Sb3ϕ
IbL1 = 1924.50 A; ZbL1 = 4.5 Ω; VbL2 = 250 kV ; IbL2 = 115.47 A; ZbL2 = 1.25 kΩ;
VbL2 Sb3ϕ V2
VbL3 = ; IbL3 = √ ; ZbL3 = bL3 ;
α 3VbL3 Sb3ϕ
VbL3 = 75 kV ; IbL3 = 384.9 A; ZbL3 = 112.5 Ω;

  V 2  N   V 2
SbN

VbT1 Sb VbT2
ZTpuN = ZTpuV V
= j0.8464 P U ; ZT
puN
= ZT
puV
= j1.354 P U ;
1 1
SbT 1
VbN 2 2 V
SbT 2
VbN
 N   V 2
Sb VbG ZC
ZGpuN puV
= ZG V N
= j84.64 mP U ; ZCpu = = 10.58∠36.87◦ P U ;
SbG Vb ZbL3
pu ZLT2−3 V AB
ZLT = = j48 mP U ; V pu
AB = = 0.9467∠45◦ P U
2−3
ZbL2 VbL1

pu pu
ZGpu + ZTpu1 + ZLT
pu
+ ZTpu2 + ZCpu
V =V 2−3
= 0.9514∠45.281◦ P U
GAB
ZTpu1 + ZLT
AB pu
2−3
+ Z pu
T2 + Z pu
C
√ pu !
pu
√ pu 3V GAB
S3ϕ = 3V GAB ·(I pu pu
GAB ) = V GAB · = 0.1293∠45.725◦ P U
ZGpu + ZTpu1 + ZLTpu
2−3
+ Z pu
T2 + ZC
pu

pu
S3ϕ = Sb3ϕ · S3ϕ = 6.465∠45.725◦ M V A

32
  pu

|V 2 | |V pu |VbL2 VbL2 
 pu ZLT + ZTpu2 + ZCpu 
|V T P | = √ = 2 √ = √ · V AB pu 2−3
pu  = 64.99 V

pu pu
RT P 3 RT P 3 RT P 3  ZT1 + ZLT2−3 + ZT2 + ZC 

33
8 P2 - Parte 2 - 20XX.X - OK

I2 I
V 1 = ZL1 · I 1 + E 1 = ZL1 · + α|E 2 | = ZL1 · 2 + α(V 2 + ZL2 · I 2 )
α α
V 1 = 399.84∠ − 90◦ kV

|S|
I2 = ∠ − acos(f p) = 50∠ − 36.87◦ A
|V 2 |
V ′1 = V ′2 + (Ze′ 1 + Ze2 )I 2 = V ′2 + 2(Re2 + jXe2 )I 2 = 100.30∠0.023◦ kV

|V v2 | − |V P2 C |
reg = = 0.030%
|V P2 C |

34
 2 2
Sb3ϕ VbL VbL1 Sb3ϕ VbL
IbL1 = √ ; ZbL1 = 1
; VbL2 = ; IbL2 = √ ; ZbL2 = 2
;
3VbL1 Sb3ϕ α 3VbL2 Sb3ϕ
IbL1 = 769.80 A; ZbL1 = 56.25 Ω; VbL2 = 15 kV ; IbL2 = 3849 A; ZbL2 = 2.25 Ω;

2   V 2
SbN V
SbN
  
VbG VbM
ZGpuN = ZGpuV V
= j0.1 P U ; puN
ZM
= puV
ZM = j0.139 P U ;
SbG VbN V
SbM VbN
 N   V 2  N   V 2
Sb VbT1 Sb VbT2
ZTpuN = ZTpuV V N
puN puV
= j0.169 P U ; ZT2 = ZT2 V
= j0.270 P U ;
1 1
SbT1 Vb SbT2 VbN

ZLpu1 ZL1
ZLpueq = (ZLpu1 //ZLpu2 )= = = j0.15 P U ; ZTpueq = (ZTpu1 //ZTpu2 ) = j0.104 P U
2 2ZbL1
SG3ϕ
V pu pu
pu
◦ ◦
AN = |V AB |∠θV AB − 30 = 0.933∠ − 30 P U ; SG3ϕ =
pu
= 0.45 P U
Sb3ϕ
|I 3ϕ | SG3ϕ
I pu
A = ∠ − θF P − 30◦ = √ ∠ − θF P − 30◦ = 0.482∠ − 55.84◦ P U
IbL1 3VL3ϕ IbL1
V pu pu pu pu pu pu ◦
A′ N ′ = V AN −(ZG +ZLeq +ZTeq )·I A = 0.873∠−40.14 P U ⇒ V an = 0.873∠−70.14 P U
I pu pu ◦ pu pu ◦
A ⇒ I a = 0.482∠ − 85.84 P U ⇒ V a′ n′ = V an − ZM I a = 0.857∠ − 74.46 P U
V Pa′Ub′ = V a′ n′ · 1∠30◦ = 0.857∠ − 44.46◦ P U ⇒ V a′ b′ = V Pa′Ub′ · VbL2 = 12852.79∠ − 44.46◦ V
□

35
R.:
 2
fe co ′ 2 fe ′ S fe
Ptot = Pcar + Pper + Pper = S · f p + Re |I 2 | + Pper = S · f p + Re + Pper
E2

Ptot = 50082.53 W

s
fe
Pper
|I max
2 |= = 454.53 A
Re2

P2 = |E 2 ||I 2 |f p = 94.997 kW

36
9 P2 - 2020.2

37
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