Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Como fazer o trabalho RS232: Siga estas regras simples, em seguida, ele ir trabalhar. Clique aqui para obter informaes sobre como RS232 funciona no nvel fsico bit.
Tenho vindo a utilizar RS232 a trabalhar h anos e ele sempre voa bem e sempre confivel, mas existem algumas regras simples para seguir caso contrrio, voc pode entrar em grande baguna. Ir para Regra 1: Mantenha-o simples. Jump to Regra 2: Use um cabo direto. Ir para Regra 3: Fazer a cruz em cima da dev. . tabuleiro Ir para Regra 4: conjunto idntico RS232 em cada ponta. Jump to Rule 5: Re check- conexes em ambos os conectores. Jump to Configurando Hyperterminal. Ir para outros problemas RS232. Se voc estiver procurando por informaes sobre uso geral RS232, em seguida, essas regras pode agir como orientao, mas voc precisa entender mais sobre o DCE (equipamento de comunicao de dados) e (Data Terminal Equipment) DTE, todos handshaking e todos os tipos de cabo para a sua do sistema.Basicamente, existem muitos - de modo a olhar para as informaes a seguir podem ajud-lo a obter uma ala sobre a configurao mais simples para mostrar que de fato RS232 funciona. RS232 pode realmente funcionar bem, mas um monte de software exige que todos os sinais de aperto de mo para estar no lugar e por isso que ele pode ser to frustrante - perder um fora ou conectar um nico fio errado e ela s vai sentar-se l a fazer absolutamente nada.
Estes trabalham para velocidades de 9600 e alm. Voc pode testar como muito alm de experimentar com os ajustes no programa PIC e software PC.
Nota: Os sinais que so cruzadas ao longo de um cabo de modem nulo so (TX, RX) e sinais de handshaking (RTS, CTS) e (DSR, DTR). Se voc no sabe o tipo de cabo que voc tem, em seguida, use um multmetro para testar a sua configurao buzz. Para certificar-se de no derrubar tudo nocho furar um pedao de fio no conector fmea e enrole a outra extremidade do fio ao redor da sonda multmetro - ento voc pode se concentrar em investigar o pino no conector macho. Para manter as coisas simples usar um cabo direto. Observao: Os cabos Serial nunca so marcados como modem nulo ou modem eles parecem todos iguais! A chave para obter um sistema de RS232 para trabalhar saber exatamente o cabo que voc tem e sua conexes de pinos . Usando um cabo direto voc no precisa se preocupar com Modem / Nulo cabos do modem e isso elimina umafonte de confuso.
Eu tenho marcado o conector serial com as conexes localizadas no PC - o que torna mais fcil de visualizar todo o sistema. Voc pode pensar no PC e um cabo como uma unidade conectando-se diretamente placa de desenvolvimento e voc no precisa se preocupar com nulos os cabos do modem , cabos crossover, trocadores de gnero, atravessar caixas, etc Voc s precisa se concentrar no esquema com o porta serial do PC como uma extenso do esquema. Tudo o que voc fazer agora ligar o conector serial rotulados TX (que a entrada de srie para a placa de desenvolvimento a partir do PC) para o receptor em sua placa de desenvolvimento (rotulado R1IN). Da mesma forma se conectar T1OUT (que a sada serial da placa de desenvolvimento) para a porta serial do PC rotulados RX. Isso torna o cross-over em sua placa. Em seguida conectar os motivos juntos (GND e 0 volts).
Controle de fluxo
Nenhum
Se voc quiser mudar alguma coisa s mudar uma coisa de cada vez, mas novamente manter o mesmo valor (s) em ambos os pedaos de software. Essas configuraes so as configuraes padro
Configuraes Hyperterminal
No Windows voc pode encontrar Hyperterminal (um acessrio do programa), navegando a partir do menu Iniciar (no Windows XP): Iniciar-> Todos os Programas-> Acessrios -> Comunicaes-> Hyperterminal O dilogo de comear a seguir mostrado (I digitou o nome do PIC para identificar a sesso):
Clique em Cancelar para este dilogo que voc no deseja discar para fora. Agora no menu principal no Hyperterminal Hit Arquivo-> Propriedades
Selecione a opo ' Conectar usando "drop down menu (no meio) e selecione a porta serial que voc deseja usar COM1 por exemplo.
This document describes how RS232 works at the physical level so you will know what signals you can expect to see at the microcontroller pins. Click here to find more information on how RS232 works in a system and how to set it up and for pinout information click here.
What is it ?
It is a method (or protocol - an agreed standard) that defines how to transfer data between two devices using a few wires. It uses a serial transmission method where bytes of data are output one bit at a time onto a single wire. Data is only transmitted in one direction for each wire so for bidirectionalcommunication (two directions) you needtwo wires. These two along with a ground reference (total: three wires) make up the minimum configuration that you can get away with.
Note: For more reliablecommunication over long distances you may need more wires for handshake signals etc.
More formally RS232 is an asynchronous communication protocol that lets you transfer data between electronic devices. Basically it can transfer a single byte of data over a serial cable having between 3 to 22 signals and running at speeds from 100 to 20k baud. Common baud rates used are 2.4k, 9.6k, 19.2k, The cable length can be up to 50ft. Higher baud rates are used but not covered by the standardthey still work though e.g. 38400,57600 Baud (bits/s). To transfer a block of data individual bytes are transmitted one after another.
Note: The signal level inversion (logic 1 is -12V and logic 0 is +12V).
How RS232 works : Voltage levels Transmitter How RS232 works when transmitting a data bit stream.
To make it work over long cables high voltages are sent from each transmitter since due to cable resistance the voltage reduces the further the signal has to travel. The output voltage specification isfrom +5V to +25V (transmitting a logical zero) and -5V to -25V (transmitting a logical one). Note: all signals in the cable have to generate the same voltage levels e.g. DTR, DSR, RTS, CTS. So you need a lot of level translator chips for a full interface but for very short distances you only need TX and RX and ground. The receiver can accept minimum signal levels of 3V. The maximum voltage of 25V does not have to be used and a common voltage in use is 12V (output by MAX232 transceiver chip).
A mark (logical one) is sent as -12V and a space (logical zero) is sent as +12V i.e. the logic sense is inverted. Note: The fact that high voltages exist at the serial port allows powering devices that you would not normally expect to find on it. But they must draw very little current.
How RS232 works : Bit stream How RS232 works - the Start Bit
The protocol is described as asynchronous as there is no clock transmitted at all. Instead a different method of clock recovery is used. At the beginning of each transmission a start bit is transmitted indicating to the receiver that a byte of data is about to follow. The start bit lets the receiver synchronize to the data bits. What this means is that the receiver can create its own sample clock at the middle of each bit. Note that once the start bit is found the receiver knows where the following bits will be as it is given the sample period (derived from the baud rate) as part of the initialization process.
bits that are set, sets the parity bit. At the receiver the parity bit is used to tell if an error occurred during transmission. You can use this in the receiver software by reading a flag in the UART module. The problem with error detection using the parity bit is that if two bits are in error then the parity check fails. This is because each error cancels the effect of the other (in terms of the parity calculation). Any even number of errors causes a failure in error detection. It won't be a problem on a bench top based system (that has no critical data transfer). Over a short cable e.g. 6ft you probably won't see any errors anyway. Normally I use no parity and there is no problem at all. For systems running over a long distance or in a noisy environment a better system should be used e.g. Adding a cyclic redundancy check to the data stream before and after it is sent over the RS232. CRCs let you check for and correct quite a few errors without re transmitting the data.
Hardware Connections 3 (Rx,Tx,GND) - Rx and Tx crossed over. Signals : How RS232 works with signal levels At some point you may want to make a software UART perhaps to save code space in your current design (maybe you don't need the receive part - just outputting variables) or to use a spare pin or perhaps your provider's library does not work.
Note: you can find receive and transmit software USART code in the12F675 Tutorial pages. To create it you need the actual signal diagrams that you see at the microcontroller pin (strangely these are hard to find on the web). The following diagram shows how RS232 works by generating 0-5V logic bitstream at the output pin of the microcontroller or UART followed by the translated voltages that are transmitted to the serial cable. These are generated by sending the 0-5V logic levels to a transceiver chip e.g. MAX232. which can use a 5V power supply and boost it to the required 12 volts. How RS232 works when transmitting a character