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LESSON 3 SIMPLE PAST (LIO 3 PASSADO SIMPLES)

Usa-se o Simple Past para expressar a) aes acabadas em um tempo definido no passado. Ex: I walked to school yesterday. (Eu andei para a escola ontem). b) hbitos passados. Ex: He always walked to school when he was a child. (Ele sempre andava para a escola quando ele era criana). Forma Afirmativa: Para a formao do Simple Past em ingls, os verbos so divididos em regulares e irregulares. Os verbos regulares so aqueles que seguem regras para a formao do passado e os irregulares so aqueles que no possuem regras para a formao do passado, ou seja, possuem uma forma ortogrfica diferente da dos verbos no infinitivo sem a partcula to.
1. VERBOS REGULARES: 2. VERBOS IRREGULARES

a) Regra geral: acrescenta-se a terminao ED ao infinitivo sem a partcula to do verbo. Ex: to work = trabalhar - worked to talk = conversar - talked b) Verbos terminados em E: acrescenta-se apenas D ao infinitivo sem a partcula to do verbo. Ex: to love = amar - loved to dance = danar - danced c) Verbos terminados em Y: h dois casos. - se o Y for precedido por vogal: acrescentase ED. Ex: to play = tocar, jogar - played to stay = ficar - stayed - se o Y for precedido por consoante: substitui-se Y por I e acrescenta-se ED. Ex: to try = tentar - tried to cry = chorar - cried d) Verbos terminados em consoante / vogal / consoante que possuem a ltima slaba tnica: dobra-se a ltima consoante e acrescenta-se ED. Ex: to stop = parar - stopped to permit = permitir - permitted

Como j foi dito, os verbos irregulares no seguem regras de formao do passado. Assim, consulte sempre a lista dos verbos irregulares no final dessa lio e tente memorizar os verbos medida que forem sendo usados. Ex: to buy = comprar - bought to cut = cortar - cut to have = ter - had to eat = comer - ate Observe a tabela abaixo, com a conjugao de trs verbos (regulares e irregulares) no passado simples. O simple past possui apenas uma forma do verbo para todas as pessoas, sem exceo. to work = trabalhar to study = to go = ir estudar Conjugao Conjugao Conjugao I worked I studied I went You worked You studied You went He worked He studied He went She worked She studied She went It worked It studied It went We worked We studied We went You worked You studied You went They worked They studied They went Formas Negativa e Interrogativa Nas formas negativa e interrogativa usa-se o verbo auxiliar to do na forma do passado did, que no possui traduo em portugus. Como o prprio nome sugere, ele apenas ajuda a formar a negativa e a interrogativa das frases no passado e usado para todas as pessoas sem exceo. Quando se usa o verbo auxiliar did, o verbo principal perde a marca do passado na forma afirmativa. Ou seja, os verbos regulares perdem a terminao ED e os irregulares so usados na forma do infinitivo sem a partcula to. Na forma negativa usa-se ainda a partcula de negao not junto com o verbo auxiliar did. Observe a conjugao de dois verbos na forma negativa na tabela a seguir.

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to work = trabalhar Forma Negativa Forma Contrada I did not work I didnt work You did not work You didnt work He did not work He didnt work She did not work She didnt work It did not work It didnt work We did not work We didnt work You did not work You didnt work They did not work They didnt work

Forma Negativa I did not go You did not go He did not go She did not go It did not go We did not go You did not go They did not go

to go = ir Forma Contrada I didnt go You didnt go He didnt go She didnt go It doesnt go We didnt go You didnt go They didnt go

Na forma interrogativa, usa-se o verbo auxiliar did no incio da frase e o ponto de interrogao no final da frase. Observe a conjugao de alguns verbos na forma interrogativa na tabela abaixo. to work = trabalhar to study = estudar Did I study? Did you study? Did he study? Did she study? Did it study? Did we study? Did you study? Did they study? to go = ir Did I go? Did you go? Did he go? Did she go? Did it go? Did we go? Did you go? Did they go?

Expresses usadas no Simple Past Geralmente usa-se advrbios e expresses de tempo nas frases para expressar o Simple Past. As expresses de passado mais usadas so: yesterday ontem ago atrs last passado(a)(s)
ESTUDO DIRIGIDO

Did I work?
Did you work? Did he work? Did she work? Did it work? Did we work? Did you work? Did they work?

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Quando usado o Simple Past em ingls? Como formada a forma afirmativa do Simple Past em ingls? Como formada a negativa e a interogativa do Simple Past em ingls?
EXERCCIOS RESOLVIDOS

Short Answers (Respostas Curtas) Observe, na tabela abaixo, o uso das Short Answers (respostas curtas sim e no) no tempo do passado simples. to work = Short Answer Short Answer trabalhar - Sim No Did I work? Yes, I did. No, I didnt. Did you work? Yes, you did. No, you didnt. Did he work? Yes, he did. No, he didnt. Did she work? Yes, she did. No, she didnt. Did it work? Yes, it did. No, it didnt. Did we work? Yes, we did. No, we didnt. Did you work? Yes, you did. No, you didnt. Did they work? Yes, they did. No, they didnt. to go = ir Did I go? Did you go? Did he go? Did she go? Did it go? Did we go? Did you go? Did they go? Short Answer Sim Yes, I did. Yes, you did. Yes, he did. Yes, she did. Yes, it did. Yes, we did. Yes, you did. Yes, they did. Short Answer No No, I didnt. No, you didnt. No, he didnt. No, she didnt. No, it didnt. No, we didnt. No, you didnt. No, they didnt.

Marque a alternativa que complete corretamente a frase The children ____________ (to eat) all the food, but they didnt ____________ (to drink) the milk no Simple Past. a) eat drank. b) ate drink. c) eat drink. d) ate drank. Resoluo: Os dois verbos em questo so irregulares: to eat (comer) e to drink (beber). A primeira frase est na forma afirmativa, ento o verbo deve ser usado na forma do passado ate. A segunda frase j est na forma negativa (didnt), ento o verbo deve ser usado na forma do infinitivo sem a partcula to, ou seja, drink. Assim, a resposta correta a letra b.

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Qual a forma correta do passado dos verbos sublinhados na frase The boys win the game and start to to cry? a) won started. b) win startied. c) wined start. d) woned startted. Resoluo: Os dois verbos esto em frases afirmativas, ento deve-se usar o passado dos dois verbos. O primeiro verbo irregular e seu passado won. J o segundo verbo regular e segue a regra geral de formao do passado dos verbos, ou seja, acrescenta-se apenas ED ao final do verbo: started. Ento a resposta correta a letra a.
EXERCCIOS

c) Did Mario spoke English very well? d) Mario spoke English very well? 6 Qual a resposta correta para a pergunta: Did they like it?? a) Yes, you did. b) No, they like not. c) No, I didnt. d) Yes, they did. Observe as frases abaixo: I They arrived at the theater at 9 oclock. II I saw him a year ago. III She is my best friend. IV Mary slept 12 hours yesterday. Quantas frases esto no Simple Past? a) uma. b) duas. c) trs. d) quatro. Qual o passado dos verbos: to take to change to carry to write? a) took changed carried wrote. b) taked changed carryed writed. c) taked changeed carried written. d) took changeed carryed wrote. Passe a frase I think she drives madly and keeps having accidents para o Simple Past. Qual a alternativa correta? a) I thought she drived madly and kept having accidents. b) I thought she drove madly and kept having accidents. c) I thinked she drived madly and keeped having accidents. d) I thought she drove madly and keeped having accidents.

Qual a alternativa que completa corretamente a frase I ____________ to Porto Seguro last Summer no Simple Past? a) went. b) to go. c) gone. d) goed. Qual a alternativa que completa corretamente a frase __________ your mother __________ to Rio last week? no Simple Past? a) Does travel. b) Did travel. c) Did traveled. d) Do traveled. De acordo com o estudo dos verbos irregulares no passado, marque a alternativa que tenha uma frase correta no Simple Past. a) I haved a terrible headache an hour ago. b) We done our homework last class. c) They ated a hot dog. d) She made a delicious cake yesterday. Qual a forma negativa da frase He studied Biology at UnB? a) He not did study Biology at UnB. b) He didnt studied Biology at UnB. c) He didnt study Biology at UnB. d) He not studied Biology at UnB. Qual a forma interrogativa da frase Mario spoke English very well? a) Mario speak English very well? b) Did Mario speak English very well?
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10 De acordo com o estudo do Simple Past, quantos verbos regulares esto destacados na frase He stopped at the traffic lights, waited and began to drive through the main road? a) nenhum. b) um. c) dois. d) trs.

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GABARITO

CURIOSITY (CURIOSIDADE)

Estudo dirigido 1 O Simple Past usado para expressar aes acabadas em um tempo definido no passado ou para expressar hbitos passados. Para a formao do Simple Past em ingls, os verbos so divididos em regulares e irregulares. Os verbos regulares so aqueles que seguem regras para a formao do passado e os irregulares so aqueles que no possuem regras para a formao do passado, ou seja, possuem uma forma ortogrfica diferente da dos verbos no infinitivo sem a partcula to.

OK = OK, Certo, Correto, Aprovado Is everything OK with you? Est tudo bem com voc? O termo OK, hoje mundialmente conhecido, surgiu no sculo XVIII, na campanha para reeleio do Presidente Martin Van Buren (1782-1862) nos Estados Unidos. O apelido dele era Old Kinderhook (ele nasceu em Kinderhook, Nova York) e, em 1840, as iniciais OK se popularizaram como lema de sua campanha para indicar que, com Old Kinderhook como presidente, tudo estaria timo. De forma humorstica, tambm dizia-se que OK era sigla para orl korrect all correct , ou seja, tudo correto. A forma escrita OK, ou okay e, informalmente, fala-se tambm okey-dokey ou okey-doke. A palavra OK pode ser usada tambm como verbo regular, significando aprovar, endossar.

Nas formas negativa e interrogativa, usa-se o verbo auxiliar to do na forma do passado did que no possui traduo em portugus, ele apenas ajuda a formar a negativa e a interrogativa das frases no passado e usado para todas as pessoas sem exceo. Ao usar o verbo auxiliar did, o verbo principal perde a marca do passado da forma afirmativa. Ou seja, os verbos regulares perdem a terminao ED e os irregulares so usados na forma do infinitivo sem a partcula to. Na forma negativa, usa-se ainda a partcula de negao not junto com o verbo auxiliar did. E na forma interrogativa usa-se o verbo auxiliar did no incio da frase e o ponto de interrogao no final da frase. Exemplos: I worked a lot last week. (Eu trabalhei muito semana passada). I did not work a lot last week (Eu no trabalhei muito semana passada). Did you work a lot last week? (Voc trabalhou muito semana passada?). Exerccios 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B D C B D C A B

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