Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
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Miastenia grave
fraquesa muscular
nervosos
impulsos
Ref. TORTORA, FUNKE, CASE Microbiol ogia, 6 Ed., Artmed, RS, 2000
HIPERSENSIBILIDADE
no causa inflamao
Ag e Ac proporcional com discreto excesso
de antgeno
IC solveis e escapam da fagocitose
migrao de LT e macrfagos
Mediadas por LT
junto aos Ags estranhos
reaes tardias
Ex: tireoidite de Hashimoto
DM insulino dependente
Artrite reumatide
manifestaes sistmicas e especficas de um rgo
Ref. TORTORA, FUNKE, CASE Microbiol ogia, 6 Ed., Artmed, RS, 2000
Ref. TORTORA, FUNKE, CASE Microbiol ogia, 6 Ed., Artmed, RS, 2000
Tireoidite de Hashimoto
rgo especfica
ESPCTRO
DAS
DOENAS
AUTO-IMUNE
No rgo especfica
Ref. BROSTOFF, J et al., 1991
Mixedema primrio
Tireotoxicose
Anemia perniciosa
Gastrite atrfica auto-imune
Doena de Adddison
Menopausa precoce
Diabete mellitus tipo I
Sndrome de Goodpasture
Miastenia gravis
Infertilidade masculina
Pnfigo vulgaris
Penfigoide
Oftalmia sympathetic
Uveite facogenic
Esclerose multipla (?)
Anemia hemoltica auto-imune
Prpura trombocitopnica idioptica
Leucopenia idioptica
Cirrose biliar primria
Hepatite crnica ativa
Cirrose criptognica
Colite ulcerativa
Sndrome de Sjgren
Artrite reumatide
Dermatomiosite
Escleroderma
Doena mista do tecido conjuntivo
Lpus eritematoso sistmicodiscoide
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AVALIAO LABORATORIAL
Anti-receptor de asialoprotena (ag
expresso nas clulas periportais): 80-90%
dos casos (inespecfico, aparece em
hepatites virais, CBP, colangite
esclerosante)
Melhor marcador: Ac anti-msculo liso
(actina) por IFI (cortes de estmago/rim de
rato).
AML e FAN: 80% dos casos.
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AVALIAO LABORATORIAL
Diminuio de linfcitos T CD8 +
Inicialmente: fosfatase alcalina e gamagluramiltransferase esto aumentadas.
Aminotransferases e bilirrubina normais.
Alterao indica mau-prognstico (tardia)
SINAIS E SINTOMAS
Incio insidioso ou agudo com colestase.
Sintoma proeminente: prurido.
dos
pacientes
permanece
Maioria
anictrico por 10-20 anos. A ictercia
indica mau-prognstico.
Auto-Ac
AVALIAO LABORATORIAL
Melhor
marcador:
anticorpos
antimitocndria (IFI em clulas tubulares
renais de rato) em elevados ttulos em 99%
dos pacientes com cirrose biliar primria,
embora
em
baixos
ttulos
esses
anticorpos possam ser encontrados em
outras auto-imunidades.
O antgeno envolvido uma lipoprotena
localizada na membrana interna da
mitocndria
(complexo
piruvato
desidrogenase PDC-E2).
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MARCADORES LABORATORIAIS
Anti-Ilhotas (ICA) - mtodo IFI
Anti-Descarboxilase do cido glutmico
(GAD) - RIE
Anti-IA-2 (protena transmembrana tirosina
fosfatase, homologia com CD45 de LT)
Anti-Carboxipeptidase H (protena de
grnulo secretor de insulina)- mtodo RIE
Anti-Insulina (IAA) - RIE, eletroquimiluminescncia
',$%(7(6-89(1,/WLSR,
ANEMIA PERNICIOSA
MARCADORES LABORATORIAIS
Pacientes com anti-ICA: 50% desenvolver
a DM tipo I em at 7 anos. Problema: mtodo IFI em
ETIOLOGIA
Associao com HLA-DR5, e com deficincia
humoral, em especial de IgA.
Associao
com
auto-imunidades
(tiride,
adrenal)
ANEMIA PERNICIOSA
EPIDEMIOLOGIA
Anti-clulas parietais: 11% (populao
normal), 20-30% (tiroidites auto-imunes),
20% (mal de Addison).
Pode ocorrer a gastrite atrfica sem
comprometimento hematolgico.
SINAIS E SINTOMAS
atrfica (dispepsia): infiltrado de
Gastrite
linfcitos na mucosa gstrica.
Anemia megaloblstica e s vezes polineurite
perifrica.
Complicao: risco 3x> de carcinoma gstrico e
plipos benignos.
ANEMIA PERNICIOSA
Anti-Clula Parietal
AVALIAO LABORATORIAL
Anemia macroctica, hipersegmentao
de neutrfilos.
Mielograma: megaloblastose.
Auto-anticorpos anti-clulas parietais (IFI):
90% dos pacientes.
Auto-anticorpos anti-fator intrnseco (RIE):
60-70% dos pacientes. Bloqueiam a
ligao do fator com vit. B12, mas podem
se ligar ao complexo fator-Vit 12,
impedindo sua absoro.
(VW{PDJRGHUDWR
Bibliografia
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Rizzo & Barbuto. Tolerncia Imunolgica. In: Calich & Vaz. Imunologia.
Rio de Janeiro: Livraria e Editora Revinter Ltda. p 211-222, 2001.
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