Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
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Sumrio
Smbolos e Convenes................................................................................................ 55
Smbolos em Materiais Perfilados............................................................................. 56
Convenes para Acabamento de Superfcie ........................................................... 57
Exerccios ................................................................................................................. 59
Tolerncia .....................................................................................................................75
Indicaes de tolerncia ........................................................................................... 77
Tolerncia ISO (International Organization for Standardization) ............................... 78
Cotagem com indicao de tolerncia ...................................................................... 82
Exerccios ................................................................................................................. 87
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 5
Esprito Santo
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Identificao de vistas
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SENAI
6 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 7
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
8 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Reparemos que uma pea pode ter, pelo que foi esclarecido, at
seus vistas; entretanto, uma pea que estamos vendo ou
imaginando, deve ser representada por um nmero de vistas
que nos d a idia completa de pea, um nmero de vistas
essenciais para represent-la a fim de que possamos entender
qual a forma e quais as dimenses da pea. Estas vistas so
chamadas de vistas principais.
Ao selecionar a posio da pea da qual se vai fazer a projeo,
escolhe-se para a vertical, aquela vista que mais caracteriza ou
individualiza a pea; por isso, comum tambm chamar a
projeo vertical (elevao) de vista principal.
As trs vistas, elevao, planta e vista lateral esquerda,
dispostas em posies normalizadas pela ABNT nos do as
suas projees.
A vista de frente (elevao) e a vista de cima (planta) alinham-
se verticalmente.
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 9
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
10 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Arestas no visveis
quando vista na lateral
Linhas tracejadas
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 11
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
12 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Planta
Planta
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 13
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
14 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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LD LE
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 15
Esprito Santo
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Exerccios:
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SENAI
16 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 17
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
18 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 19
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
20 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 21
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
22 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 23
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
24 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 25
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
26 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 27
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
28 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 29
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
30 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 31
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
32 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 33
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
34 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 35
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
36 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 37
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
38 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 39
Esprito Santo
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Elevaes
Plantas
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SENAI
40 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Elevaes
Laterais esquerdas
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 41
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
42 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Supresso de vistas
Planta
Elevao Vista lateral
esquerda
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 43
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
44 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Exerccio:
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 45
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
46 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 47
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
48 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Regras de Cotagem
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 49
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
50 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 51
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
52 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 53
Esprito Santo
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Exerccio:
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SENAI
54 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 55
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
56 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 57
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
58 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Cotagem de Detalhes
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 59
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
60 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Smbolos e Convenes
Indicativo de Dimetro
Indicativo de Quadrado
R Indicativo de Raio
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 61
Esprito Santo
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{ Redondo
Quadrado x 1 x 85
Chato
Duplo T e 85 mm de comprimento
[ U
# Nmero de Bitolas em
Chagas, Fios, etc.
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SENAI
62 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Superfcies apenas desbastadas.
Superfcies alisadas.
Superfcies polidas
Para outros graus de acabamento, devendo ser
indicada a maneira de obt-los.
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 63
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
64 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 65
Esprito Santo
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Exerccio:
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SENAI
66 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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A- D-
B- E-
C- F-
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 67
Esprito Santo
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Hachurado convencional
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SENAI
68 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Acabamento
Acabamento o grau de rugosidade observado na superfcie da
pea. As superfcies apresentam-se sob diversos aspectos, a
saber: em bruto, desbastadas, alisadas e polidas.
Superfcie em bruto aquela que no usinada, mas limpa
com a eliminao de rebarbas e salincias.
Superfcie desbastada aquela em que os sulcos deixados
pela ferramenta so bastante visveis, ou seja, a rugosidade
facilmente percebida.
Superfcie alisada aquela em que os sulcos deixados pela
ferramenta so pouco visveis, sendo a rugosidade pouco
percebida.
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 69
Esprito Santo
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Rugosidade
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SENAI
70 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 71
Esprito Santo
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Smbolo Significado
A remoo do material
fresado
Processo de fabricao: fresar
Smbolo Interpretao
Paralela ao plano de
projeo da vista sobre
= o qual o smbolo
aplicado.
Perpendicular ao plano
de projeo da vista
sobre o qual o smbolo
aplicado.
Cruzadas em duas
direes oblquas em
relao ao plano de
X projeo da vista sobre
o qual o smbolo
aplicado.
Muitas direes
Aproximadamente
central em relao ao
ponto mdio da
C superfcie ao qual o
smbolo referido.
Aproximadamente radial
em relao ao ponto
mdio da superfcie ao
R qual o smbolo
referido.
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 73
Esprito Santo
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Exemplos de aplicao
a) N8
1
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SENAI
74 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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b)
2 ( N6 N9
)
Interpretao do exemplo a
1 o nmero da pea.
N8
, ao lado do nmero da pea, representa o acabamento
geral, com retirada de material, vlido para todas as superfcies.
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 75
Esprito Santo
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Interpretao do exemplo b
2 o nmero da pea.
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SENAI
76 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 77
Esprito Santo
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N1
N3
N5
N7
N9
N11
N10
N12
N2
N4
N6
N8
Baseada na NBR 8004 e Classe
ISO 1302
0,025
0,05
0,16
0,63
10,0
12,50
40,0
50,0
0,04
0,10
0,20
6,30
25,0
100
160
250
400
630
1000
0,40
0,80
1,60
2,50
3,20
OPERAO ACABAMENTO
ALARGAR Fino
De preciso
Pr-aplainar
APLAINAR Desbastar
Alisar
BROCHAR Brochar
Fino
ESCAREAR Escarear
Alargar
Forjamento sem matriz
FORJAR Forjamento com matriz
Forjamento de presso
Desbastar
FRESAR Alisar
Fino
De preciso
Fundio em areia
FUNDIR Fundio em coquilha
Fundio sob presso
LAMINAR A quente
A frio
Desbastar
LAPIDAR Alisar
Fino
De preciso
Desbastar
LIMAR Alisar
Translimar
POLIR Polir com mquina
Polir
POLIR SOB Polimento de aperto
PRESSO Polimento com rolos
PRENSAR Prensar
Cunhar
2
RASQUETEAR 1 a 3 marcaes por cm
2
3 a 5 marcaes por cm
Retificar grosso
RETIFICAR Retificar
Fino
De preciso
Rodagem simples
RODAR Superacabamento
Superacab. com rolos
Com jato de areia grossa
SOPRAR Com jato de areia mdia
Com jato de areia fina
Com jato de esferas
Pr-tornear
TORNEAR Desbastar
Alisar
INT. e EXT. T.fino com vdia
T.de precis. com diamante
TREFILAR Estirar e repuxar
Estirar com preciso
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SENAI
78 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Informaes complementares
Interpretao
4 o nmero da pea.
N11
, ao lado do nmero da pea, representa o acabamento
geral, vlido para todas as superfcies sem indicao.
N11 indica que a rugosidade mxima permitida no acabamento
de 25m (0,025mm).
N9
, representado dentro dos parnteses e nas superfcies que
devero ser usinadas, indica rugosidade mxima permitida de
6,3m (0,0063mm).
N5
indica superfcie usinada com rugosidade mxima permitida
de 0,4m (0,0004mm).
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 79
Esprito Santo
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alargar
N7 N8 N9 N10
classe de fresado
rugorsidade
sobremetal
N8 2,5 comprirmento
para usinagem da amostragem
2 direo das
estrias
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SENAI
80 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Exerccios
a. N8 = 3,2m
b. ____________ ,_____________
c. ____________ ,_____________
Tolerncia
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SENAI
82 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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30
30 +00,,12
Ex. 30,024
30,2
29,9
30,2 - 30 = 0,2
29,9 - 30 = -0,1
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 83
Esprito Santo
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Indicaes de tolerncia
30 0+0,025 30H7
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SENAI
84 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Dimenso nominal
Campo de tolerncia
o conjunto dos valores compreendidos entre as dimenses
mxima e mnima. O sistema ISO prev 28 campos
representados por letras, sendo as maisculas para furos e as
minsculas para eixos:
Furos
A, B, C, CD, D, E, EF, F, FG, G, H, J, JS, K, M, N, P, R, S, T, U,
V, X, Y, Z, ZA, ZB, ZC
Eixos
a, b, c, cd, d, e, ef, f, fg, g, h, j, js, k, m, n, p, r, s, t, u, v, x, y,
z, za, zb, zc
Qualidade de trabalho
A qualidade de trabalho (grau de tolerncia e acabamento das
peas) varia de acordo com a funo que as peas
desempenham nos conjuntos.
O sistema ISO estabelece dezoito qualidades de trabalho, que
podem ser adaptadas a qualquer tipo de produo mecnica.
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 85
Esprito Santo
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3 10 30 80 180 315
a a a a a a
6 18 50 120 250 400
Ajustes
O ajuste a condio ideal para fixao ou funcionamento entre
peas executadas dentro de um limite. So determinados de
acordo com a posio do campo de tolerncia.
Ajuste incerto
Ajuste mvel
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SENAI
86 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Ajuste fixo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 87
Esprito Santo
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AJUSTES RECOMENDAES
TIPO
ORDINRIA
EXEMPLO EXEMPLO
MECNICA
MECNICA
PRECISO
MECNICA
PRECISA
EXTRA
DE
MDIA
DE DE
AJUSTE AJUSTE APLICAO
Peas em geral.
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 89
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 91
Esprito Santo
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Exerccios
Livre
Rotativo
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SENAI
92 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 93
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
94 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 95
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
96 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 97
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
98 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Fig. D Fig. E
Fig. D Fig. E
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 99
Esprito Santo
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Fig. E
Fig. D Fig. E
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100 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Fig. D Fig. E
Fig. D Fig. E
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 101
Esprito Santo
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Fig. D Fig. E
Fig. D Fig. E
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SENAI
102 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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Fig. D Fig. E
Fig. D Fig. E
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 103
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
104 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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a) Elemento de referncia
b) Tolerncia de forma
c) Tolerncia de posio
d) Campo de tolerncia
e) Elemento tolerado
21) A seta indica o/a:
a) Elemento de referncia
b) Tolerncia de forma
c) Tolerncia de posio
d) Campo de tolerncia
e) Elemento tolerado
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 105
Esprito Santo
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a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
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SENAI
106 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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a) Superfcie cilndrica 20
b) Superfcie cilndrica 25
c) Superfcie cilndrica 40
d) Superfcie da face 20
e) Superfcie da face 25
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 107
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
108 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
Departamento Regional do Esprito Santo 109
Esprito Santo
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SENAI
110 Departamento Regional do Esprito
Santo