1

2
PARTE I – INTERPRETAÇÃO DE TEXTO........................................................ 5

PARTE II – GRAMÁTICA ......................................................………………….. 21

1. Verb to be – Present Tense ......................................................………………... 22

2. Proomes Pessoais ......................................................………………………….. 23

3. Possessive and adjectives pronouns ......................................................……….. 24

4. Verb there to be – Present Tense ......................................................………….. 26

5. Present Continuous Tense ......................................................………………… 26

6. Simple Presente Tense ......................................................…………………….. 28

7. Verb to be – Past Tense ......................................................…………………… 30

8. Verb there to be – Past Tense ......................................................……………... 30

9. Pronomes Interrogativos ......................................................…………………... 31

10. The Past Continuous Tense ......................................................………………. 32

11. Simple Past Tense............................................................................................. 33

12. The Simple Future Tense (will + verbo) ......................................................…. 36

13. Future with “going to” ......................................................…………………… 37

14. Adjectives ......................................................................................................... 38

BIBLIOGRAFIA ………………………………………………………………… 41

3
4
 PART I

Reading
Comprehension

5
 Você sabia que a alimentação mais popular em todo o mundo, em se tratando de “fast food”
é o hamburguer? Sua história começou em 1904.Vamos conhecê-la, lendo o texto.

HAMBURGER

The Hamburger, introduced by Germans at World's Fair in St. Louis, Missouri in 1904, is
named for the port Hamburg in Germany. The name "hamburger" comes from “beef in a bun” -
there isn't any ham in it.
Today, the hamburger is the most popular fast food in the world and twelve thousand people
order one ia tile United States every minute! You can have lots of different styles of hamburgers or
you can order other things in a bun. Next time, try a fishburger, a chickeburger or even a
veggieburger.

Vocabulary

Germans: alemães To order: pedir

Fair: feira Things: coisas
Bun: bolo Next time: próxima vez
Hans: presunto Even: ainda
Town: cidade To try: tentar, experimentar

Exercises

1- Quando e onde surgiu o hamburger?

2- Quais os ingredientes de um hamburger?

3- Quais variações do hamburger tradicional que o texto sugere?

4- Assinale a correta:

6
 1

No texto o pronome it refere-se a:

( ) beef ( ) ham
( ) bum ( ) hamburger

WILD FRUIT
CREAM

Exercises

1. Assinale as alternativas corretas de acordo com o texto:

( ) A amarula é feita a partir de uma fruta siIvestre.
( ) A árvore da amarula nunca foi cultivada pe1o
homem. ( ) A fruta da amarula é rica em vitamina
C.
( ) Por muitos séculos a fruta da amarula vem sendo utilizada na produção de bebidas
alcoólicas.
( ) A amarula é conhecida como árvore do elefante, pois é a única fonte de alimento deste
animal.
 2

No texto o pronome it refere-se a:

7
 1

Você gosta dos Beatles? O que você sabe sobre este grupo que fez muito sucesso na década
de 60? Leia texto e descubra.

THE BEATLES

The Beatles were the most famous pop group in history. It was formed by four Englishmen:
George Harrison (1943 - ), John Lennon (1949 - 1980), Paul MacCartney (1942- ),and Ringo
Star(1940- ).
Ringo Star played the drums, and the others played the guitar. They all sang. Lennon and
MacCartney wrote most of songs, but Harrison and Star wrote songs too.
All the four of them were born in Liverpool, England. In 1960 they formed “The Beatles".
During the 60's, The Beatles revolutionized pop music and today their songs are rock'n roll
classics.
The group parted in the beginning of the 1970's, for persona1 and commercial reasons.
Nowadays, Paul, Ringo and Geroge have their ownbands and solo carerers.

(From: Book Five – Fisk)

Exercises

1. Fill in this file card based on the text:

Group:
Nationality:
Place of birthday:
Group formation:
Group separation:
Jonh Lennon´s death:
Age: George´s:

8
 Paul´s
Ringo's

Fonte: Revista Manchete – Edicão Especial

Exercises

1. Responda de acordo com o texto:

a) Quais cidades brasileiras são importantes centros industriais?

b) Cite alguns produtos produzidos pelas indústrias brasileiras.

2. Assinale a alternativa correta:

- O que não se produz no Brasil, segundo o texto?

a. Calçados d. Produtos têxteis
b. Produtos eletrônicos e) Pneus
c. Aço

- Segundo o texto, o potencial hidrelétrico no Brasil:

a. Não é totalmente aproveitado.
9
 b. É utilizado, inclusive, na produção agrícola do país.
c. É aproveitado, parcialmente, na fabricação de automóveis e máquinas de grande porte.
d. É o maior da América Latina.
e. É um dos maiores do mundo.

(Fonte: O Estado de São Paulo)

Assinale a alternativa correta:

1. A frase: "No experience is necessary, but you must have a perfect knowledge of English", pode
ser traduzida como:
a) Não é necessário ter experiência para ter um bom conhecimento de Inglês.
b) É necessário não ter experiência, mas você deve ter um conhecimento perfeitode Inglês.
c) Não é necessário ter experiência, mas você deve ter um conhecimento perfeito de Inglês.
d) Não é necessário ter experiência e nem mesmo ter um conhecimento perfeito de Inglês.

2. O anúncio procura um profissional:

a) Para a área de Propaganda.
b) Para a área de Planejamento e Criatividade.
c) Que não precisa ser treinado.
d) Que tenha um domínio razoável de inglês.
e) Que saiba falar, pelo menos, 100 palavras em inglês.

3. O curriculum que o candidato deverá mandar precisa ser:

a) Datilografado
b) Escrito à mão

10
 1

c) Extenso
d) Criativo
e) Bem escrito e em português

IN T E RN E T

You will have learned to browse in the Internet before you start your
professional life. All information you need will be available at a data base that you
can access via Internet. You’ll have an e-mail address, an image telephone, and you
will do your shopping through electronic commerce. You will take part in electronic
forums, where each participant can give his opinion via computer. Films will
beprogrammed: you will tell your Internet service which film you want to see and at
what time. You will listen to music without buying CD’s.
This will be the word of Internet. We will have learned a lot of computer
skills in order to survive in the information Age. The Internet will be the necessary
basis for our everyday life.
How did the Internet start? Well, it really started in 1969, in a military project
in which 21 computers were linked. This means that a person in one of those
computers could read the files of any other computer in the same network. This
project was called ARPANET. Durnig the 70’s and 80’s, computer technology
developed very fast. Networks were developed, like the ARPANET.
Later on, modens allowed a persons to connect the computer to a telephone
line and “talk” to another computer in the same manner. A network could “talk” to
other networks. Today, millions of individuals are accessing the Internet daily.
The number doubles every 18 months.

Vocabulary

Age: era Learn: aprender

Allow: permitir Link: ligar
Avaliable: disponível Mean: significar
Browse: navegar na Internet Modem: dispositivo de comunicação
Data base: banco de dados Network: rede
Double: dobra Skill: habilidade
E-mail: correio eletrônico Survive: sobreviver
File: arquivo Through: através de

11
 Exercises

1. Responda de acordo com o texto:

a) O que nós precisamos para viver na era da informação?

b) Qual foi a primeira rede de computadores?

c) O que era a ARPANET?

d) Como um computador consegue “conversar” com outro que está distante?

e) Qual é o ritmo de crescimento dos usuários da internet?

2. Check the correct alternative according to the text.

The Internet:

a) Will be military reality in the future.

b) Will be important for everyone.

c) Is made of 21 computers

d) Can be used to develop technology very fast.

e) Teaches computer skills.

Something that you can’t do via Internet:

a) Shopping.

b) Send messages.

c) Participate in debates.
d) Dance.

12
e) Study.

MARINGÁ
PARANÁ – BRASIL

Maringá ... Maringá ...

It has half a century since the pionners arrived and cultivated the land
holding their sieves as a heart beating the rhythm of the song “ Maringá ...
Maringá...”
Today the wave of coffee has receded, but the fields have been covered by
soybeans, wheat, cotton, pasture... and the song became a city, beating strong to the
rhythm of progress.
But Maringá is not just labor, the city is always prompt to be disclosed
through its modern urbanization of wide and treed avenues which provide colored
shades of flamboyants, date palms, silk oaks, “ipês”- yellow and purple, through
daring architectural monuments, or even through the diversity of its population, a
kaleidoscope of the ethnic groups which gave to its people.
There are many roads to Maringá and it is easy to reach the city but it is
easier to simply stay there. With excelent facilities Maringá is highly receptive. It
has different class hotels and a gastronomic choise of : Arabic, Italian, Chinese,
Japanese and Portuguese cuisine, in addition to barbecue restaurants which serve
delicious beef to meet anyone 5 taste.
Its tourists attractions are much related to its culture, arquitecture and the
preservation of nature, in a beautiful demonstrate of respect for man´s natural
habitat.
The Beauty of Maringá is irresistible.

Vocabulary

Arrived: chegou Shade: sombra

Beating: batendo Sieves: peneira
Century: século Silk oaks: carvalhos sedosos
Daring: ousadia Taste: gosto, paladar
Date palms: palmeiras antigas Through: através
Gave: passado do verbo “to give” To arrive: chegar
Half: meio To disclose: descobrir
Heart: coração To give: dar
Hold: ocupou To help: ajudar
Holding: ocupando To recede: recuar

13
 It has seen: tem sido Treed: arborizada
Provide: prover, abastecer Wheat: trigo
Reach: chegar, alcançar Wide: larga
Exercises

Complete, em português, baseando-se na leitura do texto.

1. No primeiro parágrafo, o autor compara o ritmo do coração batendo, com o tino de uma canção.
Cite o nome desta canção e retire do texto a frase que comprova a sua resposta.

2. Hoje, em Maringá, o café já não é mais a maior cultura agrícola. Cite os diversos tipos de
culturas atuais.

3. Ao descrever as avenidas de Maringá, o autor cita alguns tipos de árvores. Quais são?

4. Maringá não é só trabalho. Temos várias opções de lazer, turismo e tipos de comidas típicas. O
que o texto fala sobre o assunto?
14
 MICROELETRONICS: HOW DOES IT AFFECT OUR LIVES?

No doubt, microeletronics has affected nowadays culture. It has specially

affected our lives in the field of small personal consumer goods. Digital watches,
pocket calculators, personal stereos are now universally available in great variety.
Microeletronics is also applied in our home. Cookers, washing machines,
dishwashers, microwave ovens, video cassete recorders are now being fitted with
their own microeletronic programmes.
A microcomputer, for example, enables us to programme all services we use
in the house: to switch lights on and off, record selected programmes, switch the TV
on and off, take telephone messages, etc. Can you imagine an office without
microeletronic nowadays? Big business compaies without computers? Typists, and
all those standard letters, without word processors?
Machines do not replace people. On the other hand, some people do not
replace certains machines!

Vocabulary

Available: disponível Home: lar, casa

Boring: maçante, chato On the other hand: por outro lado
Field: campo To switch off: ligar
Goods: mercadorias, bens To witch on: ligar

15
 Exercises

1. Write true ( T ) or false ( F ) according to the text:

a) There are many of offices without microeletronics. ( )

b) With a
microeletronic it is possible to switch the TV on switch the TV on and off. ( )

c) The field of small personal goods shows

great variety. ( )

d) Boring typists type standard letters. ( )

e) Machines do not replace certain people. ( )

f) Our lives are no doubt affected by

microeletronics. ( )

g) W
hen there are good computers in big business companies, there is no need for secretaries. ( )

h) There are dishwashers, washing machines, microwave ovens fitted with microeletronic
programmes. ( )

i) Microeletronic
is more important in the field of small personal consumer goods. ( )

j) It is boring to programme all services in the

house. ( )

2. Complete the notes according to the text:

a) Microeletronics

b) A microcomputer,
16
 HARD ROCK CAFÉ

People need an international language to do business, to travel, to study

sciences, technology, etc. This language is English.
People also need na international language for the heart. This language is
Music.
Young people need a sanctuary. They like to meet, eat decent food, have
ice-creams, express their feelings and ideas, listen to good pop/rock. One of these
places is the Hard Rock Café.
A restaurant? A meeting place for the rockers? The Hard Rock Café is all
that... and more.
It is a place where you can eat a “decent” hamburger, have lovely ice-
creams, meet girls and boys, buy fashion T-shirts, watches, badges, jackets,
magazines, etc. It is a place for famous rockers too.
The HRC´s decoration consists of an enormous collection of items like:
musical instruments, photos, posters, motorbikes, clothes, etc. These clothes
belonged to famous rockers like Maddona, Jimi Hendrix, Elvis, Peter Gabriel,
Michael Jackson, Beatles, Prince and others.
It is common to hear this question in the HRC: “ How much is that guitar in
the window?”
The Hard Rock Café has a slogan: “Love All Serve All”. And they say it isn
´t just a slogan: It´s their way of life.
Eric Clapton is famous and he goes to the HRC to eat his favorite “Pig”
sandwich. He is very well served.
But you are not a rock star... It doesn´t matter! Suppose you are visiting the
HRC for the first time: you are also very well treated, and they say you are a
member of Hard Rock Family.
Perhaps this is one of the reasons for their success.

Vocabulary

Badge: emblema
To do business: fazer negócios
To listen: (to): ouvir

17
 Exercises

1. Responda:
a) Como é a decoração do HRC?

b) Que pergunta é comum ouvir no HRC?

2. Answer:
a) What is the international language for the heart?

b) What´s the secret of the Hard Rock Cafe's sucess?

c) Which items decorate the Hard Rock Café?

3. Write true (T) or false (F), according to the text.

a) Eric Clapton is famous for his “Pig”
sandwich only. ( )
b) English is the language of
business, sciences and tecnology. ( )
c) Only members of the Hard Rock
Family are well treated. ( )
d) The Hard Rock Café belongs to famous rockers like Madonna, Michael Jackson,
Prince and others. ( )
e) Young people like to meet friends, eat good hamburgers, express their
feelings in places like the Hard Rock Café. ( )
f) The Hard Rock
Cafe is not a meeting place. It´s just a restaurant and shop. ( )
g) “Love Ali Serve All” is not
only a slogan, but also a way of life. ( )
h) They also treat well people
who visit the HRC for the first time. ( )
i) The guitar in the window belonged to
Elvis Presley. ( )
4. Responda:

a) Qual a língua internacional da ciência, dos negócios, das viagens?

b) Qual a linguagem internacional do coração?

18
c) Você já ouviu falar de um dos mais famosos “santuários” dos jovens de todo mundo?

d) O Hard Rock Café é uma espécie de restaurante ou lanchonete?

e) É um ponto de encontro de jovens e roqueiros?

f) É somente uma loja?

g) Qual é o slogan do HRC?

h) Só gente famosa é bem recebida no HRC?

i) O que você passa a ser considerado depois de ir ao HRC pela primeira vez?
19
20
PART II

Grammar

21
 O verbo to be é um dos verbos mais estudados na língua inglesa. O quadro abaixo apresenta-
o nas formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa do presente e também os pronomes pessoais.
Observe com atenção:

FORMA AFIRMATIVA FORMA CONTRACTA

I am You are He is She I’m
is It is We are You You’re
are They are He’s
She’s
It’s
We’re
You’re
They’re

FORMA NEGATIVA FORMAS CONTRACTAS

I am not You are - I’m not
not He is not She You aren’t You’re not
is not It is not He isn’t He’s not
We are not You are She isn’t She’s not
not They are not It isn’t It’s not
We aren’t We’re not
You aren’t You’re not
They aren’t They’re not
SUJEITO + VERBO + NOT

FORMA INTERROGATIVA
Am I?
Are you? Is he? Is she? Is It? Are
we? Are you?
Are they?

VERBO VEM ANTES DO SUJEITO

Exercises

1. Complete com as formas corretas do verbo To be:

a) That girl French.
b) You and your brother welcome.
c) She in the kitchen.
d
you doctors?
)
22
 e) He
sick.
brown.
f) My house
in the field.
g) The horses
h) My sister and I late.

2. Complete os diálogos:
a) A:
you from the United States?
B: Yes, I
. from chicago.
b) A: she from Brazil.
B: No, she . from Uruguay.

3. Complete os diálogos, seguindo o exemplo:

Peter is English. (Susan) Is Susan English, too?
No, she isn’t.
a) He is at school.
too?
(they)
No, .
b) Philip and Scheila are late.
too?
(I)
Yes, .
c) That man is French. (you and your
too?
sister)
No, .
d) This cat is black.
too?
(dog)
Yes, .
e) The doctor is young.
too?
(pilot)
Yes, .
f) The airport is far.
too?
(theater)
No, .

Singular Plural
I We Os pronomes pessoais sujeito são
You He, She, It You empregados como sujeito do verbo.
They

Exercises

1. Substitua os sujeitos por pronomes pessoais:

a) Mr. Todd is s doctor
is a doctor.
b) That girl is french.
is french.

23
 c) The boys are in the cinema.
are in the cinema.
d) My sister and I are late.
are late.
e) Little Tom is sick.
is sick.
f) You and your brother are welcome.
are welcome.
g) The horses are in the field.
are in the field.
h) The cat in the kitchen.
is in the kitchen.
i) My house is brown
is brown.
j) The girls are studying now.
are studying.

POSSESSIVE/ POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES PRONOUNS
My Your His Mine
Her Its Our Yours This is my book. (adjective)
Your Their His
Hers That book is yours. (pronoun)
Its
Ours
Yours (your book)
Theirs

Uso:
 Os adjetivos possessivos vêm antes do substantivo.
 Os pronomes possessivos são usados no lugar do substantivo.
 Tanto os adjetivos quanto os pronomes concordam com o possuidor e
não com a coisa possuída. I bring my book, you can bring yours.

Obs. :
 Quando o possuidor for um pronome indefinido, o possessivo será
masculino e singular. Everyone must bring his book.

 A estrutura of + pronome possessivo significa

“um dos”, “uma das”. She is a friend of mine. (She is one
of my friends).
24
 Exercises

1. Complete com o pronome possessivo correto:

a) Mary´s train is leaving at 3 o´clock, but John´s is leaving in 3 minutes.
train is leaving at 3 o´clock, but is leaving in 3 minutes.

b) My brother´s favorite fruit is apple.

favorite fruit is apple.

c) The cats are sleeping in the dog´s house.

The cats are sleeping in house.

d) The teacher corrects the students´compositions.

The teacher corrects compositions.

e) Mr. Allen´s computer puts him in connection with the Internet.

computer puts him in connection with the Internet.

2. Complete com o possessivo correto:

a) I do things, you do
b) She can
homework alone. He can´t do
do
c) We must wash hands before lunch.
d) The boys aren´t going to clean rooms today.
e) Dr. Smith washes car every morning.

3. Escolha a alternativa correta:

a) Do bring books to the class?
es
a) he – him c) her – she
b) she – her d) she – hers

b) Do you prefer listening records or ?

to
a) your – yours c) your – our
b) my – him d) your – mine

c) Everybody must talk to coordinator.

a) ours
c) his
b) mine
d) him

d) Mrs. Cohen children are waiting for answer.

and
a) his – our c) her – our
b) their – yours d) her – ours
25
 Observe o quadro abaixo com as expressões there is e there are. Elas não apresentam os
pronomes pessoais.

AFIRMATIVA NEGATIVA INTERROGATIVA

SINGULAR There is/there´s There is not/there isn´t Is there?
PLURAL There are/there´re There are not/there aren´t Are there?

Exercises

1. Complete as frases usando there is ou there are:

a
children playing ball.
)
a bus on the street.
three boats on the lake.
b
a boy reading under a tree.
)
policemen at the gate of the park.
c
)

d
)

e
)

2. Complete com there is not ou there are not (pode-se usar a forma contracta):
In a small city
heavy traffic, pollution,
many cinemas,
many job opportunities,
amusement.

3. Faça perguntas com is there ou are

there:
a
a museum in your city? Yes, there is.
)
pollution in São Paulo? Yes, there is.
car accidents in New York? Yes, there are many.
b
job opportunities in your city? No, there are not many.
)

c
)

d
)
 O present continuous tense é formado pelo verbo to be mais o verbo principal com a
terminação – ing.
Example: I am reading now. (eu estou lendo agora)
She is reading now.
We are reading now.
They are reading now.

Forma Interrogativa do Present Continuous Tense:

Example: Am I reading now?
Is she reading now?

26
Forma negativa do Present Continuous Tense:
Example: Isn’t she reading now?
Aren’t you reading now?

Nota:
– Os verbos terminados em “e” perdem o “e” e recebem “ing”.
Example: To love – loving.

– Os verbos terminados em consoante/vogal/consoante, dobram a consoante final e recebem

“ing”. Example: To run – running.

Exercises

1. Escolha a alternativa correta:

a) The children (is/are) sleeping now. Don’t make any noise.
b) (Is/Are) it raining outside?
c) What (is/are) Marion doing in the laboratory right now?
d) Can you help me? (Is/am/are) cleaning the garage.

2. Complete com o “present continuous” dos verbos entre parenteses:

a) Our classes are (begin) now.
b) Look at these plants! They are (die).
c) Don’t worry about Mary. She (have) a good time on the farm.
is
d) Is your bus (leave) in the morning? Yes, it is.
e) What are your (do)? They are (swim).
brothers

3. Responda as questões, seguindo o exemplo:

What’s the secretary doing? (type a letter)
She’s typing a letter.
a) What´s the secretary doing? (cry)

b) What´s the boy doing? (run in the park)

c) What are the men doing? (read)

d) What is the woman doing? (buy an ice cream)

e) What´s the dog doing? (sleep)

f) What´s the dog doing? (cry)

g) What´s the cat doing? (climb a tree)

27
 O Simple Present expressa ações habituais, normalmente aparece com palavras como
always, sometimes, every, in the never.
Ex: We go to school every day.
They always play tennis.

A forma interrogativa Simple Present é feita colocando-se o verbo auxiliar “do” antes do
sujeito.
Ex: Do they write letters every weekend?
Do you play football every weekend?

A forma negativa do Simple Present é feita por do + not (don´t) após o sujeito.
Ex: We don´t write letters every week.
I don´t go to school every day.

Simple Present Tense (Third Person)

 Na terceira pessoa do singular (he, she, it), o verbo Simple
Present geralmente recebe “s” : Like – likes Say - says
Eat – eats Drink – drinks
 O verbo recebe
“es”quando terminado em s,ss,ch,x ou o . Fix –
fixes Wash - washes
Pass – passes Do - does
Go – goes Watch - watches
 O verbo terminado em “y”, precedido de consoante,
muda o “y” para “i” e recebe “es”. Study – studies Fly – flies
Obs.: A terceira pessoa do singular de have é has.
 A interrogativa da terceira pessoa do singular é feita colocando-se a forma does
antes do sujeito. Ex.: Does she live in Maringá?
Does he work in the morning?
 A forma negativa é feita por does + not (doesn´t)
após o sujeito. Ex.: My sister doesn´t like bananas.
He doesn´t want a newspaper from Minas Gerais.

TO LIKE
Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa
I like (eu gosto) I don´t like Do I like?
You like He likes (eu não gosto) (eu gosto)
She likes It likes You don´t like Do you like?
We like You like He doesn´t like Does he like?
They like She doesn´t like Does she like?
It doesn´t like Does It like?
We don´t like Do we like?
You don´t like Do you like?
They don´t like Do they like?

28
 No quadro, o verbo to like está conjugado no presente simples. Você pode verificar que se
usa o auxiliar do nas formas negativa e interrogativa, para todas as pessoas, exceto para a 3ª pessoa
do singular – usa-se does, seguido do verbo principal sem s: like.
Isto serve de modelo para outros verbos: work, help, come, buy, leave, take, have etc.
Ex.: He likes his job.
Does he like his job?
He doesn´t like his job.

Exercises

1. Complete as sentenças trocando os sujeitos:

a) I take the bus at

six. He

b) They work at our

office. She

c) We buy a newspaper every

day. He

2. Observe os exemplos. Reescreva

as frases na negativa: She likes school. – She
doesn´t like school. My wife works, too. – My
wife doesn´t work, too. He has a good job. – He
doesn´t have a good job.
a) She stays at home.
b) He helps with the children.
c) John comes at seven.
d) Mary has problem.

3. Observe os exemplos e reescreva as

frases fazendo perguntas. She likes school. – Does
she like school?
My wife works. – Does my wife work?
He has a good job. – Does he have a good job?
a) He likes to work at night.
b) She wants to work.
c) The teacher leaves school at seven.
d) He has a lot of money.
29
 Agora você vai estudar o verbo to be no passado. Observe que existe duas formas: was e were.

AFIRMATIVA NEGATIVA INTERROGATIVA

I was You I was not (I wasn’t) Was I?
were He was You were not (you weren’t) Were you?
She was It was He was not (he wasn’t) Was He?
We were You She was not (she wasn’t) Was She?
were They It was not (it wasn’t) Was It?
were We were not (we weren’t) Were you?
You were not (you weren’t) Were You?
They were not (they weren’t) Were They?

Exercises

1.Complete com o verbo To BE no passado:

a) This
my first Italian book.
b)
you in Rio last february?
c) The
in the garden an hour ago.
dog
we at john’s house last weekend?
d)
not a good student last month.
e) You

AFIRMATIVA NEGATIVA INTERROGATIVA

There was There were There was not Was there?
There were not Were there?

Este é o verbo There to be, conjugado no Simple Past. São usadas duas formas: uma para o
singular e outra para o plural, ambas traduzidas por uma só forma.
Simple Present
There is
há
There are

Simple Past
There was
houve ou havia
There were

30
There was: é usado antes de substantivos no singular.
There were: é usado antes de substantivos no plural.

Exercises

Vamos agora praticar o que aprendemos sobre o verbo there to be:

1. Complete as sentenças a seguir com o verbo There to be no Simple Past:

a a lot of books on the table yesterday.

)

b) He didn´t come problems in the factory.

because

c) I could not enter the house a dog in the garden.

because

d) She stayed a party there.

because

e) He wanted to live in that city a lot of opportunities there.

because

f an accident near my house last week.

)

g many books at the club yesterday.

)

h a good TV show last night.

)

i three books on my bed one hour ago.

)

j an atomic explosion in Japan in 1945.

)

k many children in the Park yesterday.

)

l butter in the refrigerator yesterday.

)

m
a cat in my room last night.

n two famous artists at the hotel.

)

o three apples on the table.

)

31
 Exercises

1. Complete com who, what, when ou where.

a) Peter was at home last nigth.
was peter last night?
was at home last night?
was Peter at home?

b) Mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen now.

is mother doing in the kitchen now?
is mother cooking in the kitchen now?
is mother dinner in the kitchen now?
is mother cooking dinner now?

TO SLEEP

I was sleeping You were

sleeping He was sleeping
She was sleeping It was
sleeping We were sleeping
They were sleeping
Afirmativa: He was sleeping
Interrogativa: Was he sleeping?
Negativa: He was not sleeping
Formas abreviadas: wasn´t (was not)
weren´t (were not)

Nota:

O verbo terminado em “ing” não se altera na interrogativa e na negativa.

Ortografia:
Todos os tempos contínuos seguem as mesmas normas ortográficas.

Uso:

Expressa ações que estavam acontecendo em um determinado momento no passado.

Ex: They were sleeping 5 minutes ago.

32
 1

Exercises

1. Complete com passado contínuo:

a) Susan (help) her mother in the kitchen.
b) We (run) to school at 8:00 this morning.
c) The
(look) for the cat in the garage.
children
d) Father (drive) home at 6:00 yesterday.
e) Dennis and Tom (solve) the problem in the classroom.
f) The telephone (ring) at o´clock this morning.
g) I (walk) down the street at 5:00 in the afternoon.
h) They_ (do) their homework at 8:30 last night.
i) Helen (work) with your brother last night.
j) I (work) with your brother last night.

2. Reescreva as sentenças usando o passado contínuo.

a) She sleeps upstairs.

b) They called Dr. Harris again.

c) I don´t talk to teacher in the classroom.

d) Do you play a video game your father´s computer?

e) Does she write to her friends in Dallas?

Affirmative form
1. Forma-se o “simple past tense” dos verbos regulares em inglês acrescentando, geralmente
“ed” à forma do infinitivo.
Infinitive Past tense
Look looked
Start started
Ex.: I looked for you yesterday.
Mary started her english course last month.
 2

2. O “simple past” dos verbos regulares terminados em –y pode ser feito de duas maneiras:

33
 a) Quando antes do “y” vier uma vogal, segue a regra geral, ou
seja, acresecenta-se “ed”. Infinitive Past tense
Play played
Stay stayed
Ex.: John stayed in his grandfather´s house during his trip to London.
My sister played cards last Saturday.

b) Quando antes do “y” vier uma consoante, muda-se o “y” para

“i” e acresecenta-se “ed”. Infinitive Past tense
Study Studied
Ex.: Paul studied in Paris last year.

Irregular Verbs
Não há regra para se formar o “simple past” (afirmativo) dos verbos irregulares, eles se
apresentam de várias formas, sendo necessário memorizá-los.

Infinitive Simple Past

Be (ser/estar) was – were
Begin (começar) began
Bring (trazer) brought
Build (construir) built
Come (vir) came
Fly (voar) flew
Go (ir) went
Have (had) ter
Know (saber) knew
Meet (encontrar) met
Read (ler) read
See (ver) saw
Sit (sentar-se) sat
Swim (nadar) swam
Think (pensar) thought
Write (escrever) wrote

Negative Form
A forma negativa do simple past dos verbos regulares e irregulares se faz usando o auxiliar
did e a palavra not entre o sujeito e o verbo principal da frase no infinitivo.
Ex.: He did not visit his grandmother yesterday.
(didn´t)
I did not go to São Paulo in July.
(didn´t)

Interrogative Form
A forma interrogativa do simple past dos verbos regulares e irregulares se faz usando o
auxiliar did antes do sujeito da frase e do verbo principal no infinitivo.
Ex.: Did he visit his grandmother yesterday?

34
Verb to work (regular)
AFFIRMATIVE FORM NEGATIVE FORM INTERROGATIVE FORM
I worked You I didn´t work Did I work?
worked He You didn´t work Did you wok?
worked She He didn´t work Did he work?
worked It She didn´t work Did she work?
worked We It didn´t work Did It work?
worked You We didn´t work Did we work?
worked They You didn´t work Did you work?
worked They didn´t work Did they work?

Verb to buy (irregular)

AFFIRMATIVE FORM NEGATIVE FORM INTERROGATIVE FORM
I bought You I didn´t buy Did I buy?
bought He You didn´t buy Did you buy?
bought She He didn´t buy Did he buy?
bought It She didn´t buy Did she buy?
bought We It didn´t buy Did It buy?
bought You We didn´t buy Did we buy?
bought They You didn´t buy Did you buy?
bought They didn´t buy Did they buy?

Exercises

1. Complete as frases a seguir empregando o passado dos verbos marcados entre

parênteses:
a) The
its water. (Roll)
Mississipi
b) The dark smoke in the sky. (Appear)
c) A negro slowly. (Cry)
d) The scene soon. (Change)
e) The river like a sea. (Look)
f) The
their friends in the party. (Meet)
y_
g) He his wife to see the river. (Bring)
h) We to São Paulo last week. (Come)
i) Eric in that river when he was young. (Swim)
j) The children in the sun. (Sit)
k) I her well. (Know)

2. Escreva frases relacionadas aos itens abaixo usando os seguintes

verbos no passado: MEET – READ – BUY – GO – FLY – HAVE –
WRITE – READ
Ex.: Paul – a house – last year.
Paul bought a house last year.
a) Ana – some wine – last night.
b) Peter and John – to – the cinema – yesterday
35
 c) Mr. Souza – “Veja” – last weekend.

d) Mr. And Mrs. Torres – to Paris – last month

e) Miss Brown – a friend – last Saturday.

f) Joana – a letter to Marlene – last Sunday.

g) Antonio – a book – yesterday.

3. Complete com o simple past dos verbos entre parênteses.

Child of the Devil
John Knox (1505 – 1572)
(be) a famous religious leader in Scotland. He
(be) always very strict and hard on everybody, including his family. One morning his
daughter (be) late for breakfast. When she (arrive), Knox (look) at her,
saying, “good morning, child of the devil”. “Good morning, Father”, she (answer).

Uso:
Para expressar ação ou previsão quanto ao futuro. É usado com advérbios ou expressões que
indiquem tempo futuro: tomorrow, next, in July, on Monday etc.

Exercises

1. Complete com o futuro simples dos verbos entre parênteses.

a) We (meet) you by the lake.
b) The Browns (move) to the country in November.
c) John (arrive) tomorrow morning.
d) I (catch) the midnight train to Amsterdam.

36
 1

e) Cars (be) lighter in the future.

f) Mrs. (not come) for the show.
Jenkins
g) I (represent) my company in the conference.
h) The new project (begin) in March.
i) W you (do) after class?
hat
j) I am on a diet, so (not eat) any ice cream.
I

Presente do verbo TO BE + GOING TO + VERBO

Uso:
1. Expressa ação futura ou
intenção. I am going to swim.
We are going to get married.

2. Geralmente vem acompanhado de: tomorrow, next, in

etc. She´s going to travel in March.
They are going to study tomorrow.

Exercises

1. Supply the going to form of the verbs in parentheses.

a) The show (begin) at 9 o´clock sharp.
b) Mr. Shaw (leave) the office after 5:00 today.
c) Wh
they do her the reports?
at
you (send) her the reports?
d)
e) The Ministry says that food an housing
(be) more reasonable next month.
f) The new factory_(throw) 2 tons of chemicals into the reiver.
g) Mr. Allen (teach) us Arts next semester.
2

37
Comparative Form

O grau comparativo dos adjetivos é usado na comparaçãoi entre dois elementos.

1. Geralmente, acrescenta-se “er” aos adjetivos de uma ou duas sílabas para formar o comparativo
de superioridade.
Ex.: poor – poorer small – smaller
narrow – narrower near – nearer

2. Adjetivos terminados em “v” mundan o “v” para “i” antes de receber “er”.
Ex.: happy – happier pretty – prettier
ugly – uglier healty – healthier

3. Adjetivos terminados em consoante/vogal/consoante dobram a consoante final antes de receber

“er”.
Ex.: fat – fatter big – bigger
Thin – thinner hot – hotter

4. Adjetivos com três sílabas ou mais para formar o comparativo de superioridade usa a
palavra
more. Esta regra também se aplica a todos os adjetivos terminados por re, ful, ed, ous e ing.
Ex.: convenient – more incovenient
important – more important
careful – more careful
amusing – more amusing
obscure – more obscure

5. Os adjetivos good e well fazem o comparativo com a palavra better.

Superlative form

O grau superlativo é usado na comparação entre três elementos ou mais.

1. Para formar o superlativo dos adjetivos de uma ou mais sílabas (curtos), geralmente acrescentam-
se “est” ao grau normal do adjetivo e o artigo the antes dele.
Ex.: near – the nearest
poor – the poorest
short – shortest
old – the oldest

2. Os adjetivos curtos, de 1 ou 2 sílabas, terminados em “y” para “i” e acrescentam-se “est”.

Ex.: happy – the happiest
pretty – the prettiest
heavy – the heaviest
healthy – the healthiest
3. Adjetivos terminados em consoante/vogal/consoante dobram a consoante final antes de
receber “est”. Ex.: fat – the fattest
38
 big – the biggest
hot – the hottest
thin – thinnest

4. Adjetivos com três sílabas ou mais, para formar o superlativo, usam a expressão the most antes
do grau normal do adjetivo. Esta regra também se aplica a todos os adjetivos terminados por re, ful,
ed, ous e ing.
Ex.: handsome – the most handsome
beautiful – the most beautiful
careful – the most careful
expensive – the most expensive

5. Há alguns adjetivos que formam o superlativo de maneira irregular.

Ex.: good – the best bad – the worst
well – the best much – the most
little – the least many – the most

Degree of Adjectives (grau dos adjetivos de uma sílaba)

Grau
Comparativo
Igualdade
Ex.: John is as taller as Mary.(João é tão alto quanto Maria)
Superioridade
Ex.: Joe is taller than Bob.(Joe é mais alto que Bob.)
Inferioridade
Ex.: Bob is less careful than Joe.(Bob é menos cuidadoso que Joe)

Superlativo
Ex.: Joe is the tallest of the them all.(Joe é o mais alto deles todos)

Exercises

1) Complete as sentenças a seguir com o comparativo dos adjetivos indicados entre parênteses:
a) Her energy
than her courage. (abundant)
is
last year. (thin).
b) You were
c) Mary is much than her mother. (fat)
d) My street
than Brazil avenue. (narrow)
is
than her sister. (well)
e) She swins
f) This book is good, but that one is (good)
g) I´m always tired, but today I
than usual. (tired)
´m
h) This exercise i) I can´t find and
is
t an the others. (difficult) way to
h solve this problem.(easy)

39
 j) I had car last year. (big) Now I have a small car. It is than your car. (small)
a

2. Complete as sentenças a seguir com o superlativo dos adjetivos indicados entre parênteses:
a) Paula is girl in our class. (old)
b) José is student in the class. (good)
c) He is boy that I know. (ambitious)
d) Hilda was girl at the party. (attractive)
e) January
month of the year. (hot)
is
f) São Paulo is city in Brazil. (big)
g) This
book that I own. (expresive)
is
friend in the world. (good)
h) He is
i) This is house here. (beautiful)
j) This is problem that we have. (difficult )

3. Complete as sentenças a seguir com o comparativo dos adjetivos indicados entre parênteses.
Use
than quando necessário.
a) He
than I am. (young)
is
b) Mr Vieiria is much than I expected. (old)
c) Chicago is Paris. (big)
d) My car is new but your car is . (new)
e) Last summer was hot, but this summer
(hot)
is
f) He speaks Spanish well, but his sister
speaks well. (well)
g) My house is your apartment (comfortable)
h) The weather today is than weather yesterday. (good)
40
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Editores, 1993.

2- AMOS, PASQULIM e PRESCHER. New Graded English. São Paulo, Moderna

3 – AMOS e PRESCHER. Apuarius Simplified Gramniar Book. São Paulo, Moderna, 1995.

4 – AUN. Eliana, MORAES, Maria Clara Prete de. SANDANOVICZ, Neuza Bilia, Get to the
point. São Paulo, Saraiva, 1995.

5 – ATUN, MORAES E SANSANOVICZ. Get to the point, São Paulo, Saraiva

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7 – LIMA, Maria Cecília Truffi e XAVIER, Rosely Perez. Teaching in a Clair Way. Florianópolis,
Ed, Da UFSC, 1996.

8 – LONGMAN DICTIONARY OF CONTEMPORATY ENGLISH. New Editora Lon group

LTD
England, 1995.

9 – MARQUES, Amadeu, English 2º Grau, São Paulo : Editora Ática, 1996.

10 – PRESCHER, Elisbeth, PASQUALIN, Ernesto, AMOS, Eduardo, New Granded . São Paulo,
Moderna, 1997.

11 – PRESCHER, Elisbeth, PASQUALIN, Ernesto, AMOS, Eduardo, New Granded. São Paulo,
Moderna. 1997.

12 – RICHARDS, Jack c. New Interchanger : English for International Communication. Cambridge

University Press, 1997.

13 – SIQUEIRA, Rute. Magic Reading, São Paulo : Saraiva, 1996.

14 – SPEAK UP, São Paulo: Globo, junho, 1998.

15 – SPEAK UP, São Paulo : Globo, novembro, 1998.

16 – TELECURSO 2000 2º GRAU. Inglês , Rio de Janeiro : Globo, 1995.

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