COMPLEX NUMBER

ANSWERS AND SOLUTIONS

1. C
2. B
3. D
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. A
11. D
12. A
13. A
14. D
15. C
16. B
17. D
18. B
19. A
20. D
21. B
22. C
23. C
24. B
25. D
26. A
27. A
28. B
29. C
30. C
31. B
32. C
33. B
34. D
35. C
36. C
37. C
38. A
39. A
40. C
41. B
42. B
43. C
44. B
45. B
46. B
47. B
48. A
49. C
50. D
1. Obvious, after drawing the locus of z in the argand plane

2. Given that
 | z |2 +2 | z | +6 
log1 /  0
2 
 2 | z |2
−2 | z | +1 
| z |2 +2 | z | +6
or >1
2 | z |2 −2 | z | +1
or |z|2 – 4|z|– 5 < 0
or (|z| – 5) (|z| + 1) < 0
Thus |z| < 5
 z − 2 z−2  z − 2
3. Sec–1   is defined only if real i.e. x = 2. Again sec –1   is acute, implies
 i  i  i 
z−2
 1 ie. y > 1
i
4. Let z = x + iy, then Re (z2 ) = 0
 x2 = y2
and |z| = a 2 (1)
 x + y = 2a
2 2 2 (2)
Solving (1) and (2) we get x =  a, y = a. So there are four solutions,
5. x4 – 4x3 + 7x2 – 6x + 3 = (x – 1)4 + (x – 1)2 + 1 = 1
6. x – iy = (a–ib)3 = a3 – 3a2 bi – 3 ab2 + ib3 = a (a2 – 3b2) + ib (b2 – 3a2)
x y
 + = a2 – 3b2 + b2 – 3a2 = – 2(a2 + b2)
a b
 n n 
7. 3 + i = 2 (cos/6+i sin/6)  ( 3 + i)n = 2n  cos + i sin 
 6 6 
n n
According to the given condition cos + i sin =1
6 6
n
 = 2m , m is an integer. Thus n = 12m
6
8. Given that
sin1 z4 + sin2z3 + sin3z2 + sin4z + sin5 = 2
or, 2 = |sin1 z4 + sin2z3 + sin3z2 + sin4z + sin5|
1 4
 z + | z |3 + | z |2 + | z | +1
2  
or, 3|z|4 +|z|3 + |z|2 + |z| (1)
clearly |z|  1 satisfied (1). If |z| < 1, then
|z|
3 < |z|4 + |z|3 +|z|2 + |z|  |z| + |z|2 + |z|3 + |z|4 …  =
1− | z |
3
 3-3|z| < |z|  |z| >
4
9. Complex number cannot be compared with any member.
1999
1 3
10. (1 + i 3 ) 1999
=2 1999  +i 
2 2 
 
 1999
    1999 1999 
= 21999  cos + i sin  = 21999  cos + i sin 
 3 3  3 3 
1999      
= 2 cos 666 +  + i sin 666 + 
  3  3 

1999  1 3 
= 2 +i = 21998 + i 21998 3
2 2 

11. | z1 – z2|2 = |z1|2 + |z2|2 – 2|z1| . |z2| cos, where  = |argz1 – argz2| .
Hence for the given relation  = 0
 argz1 – argz2 = 0 .
z 1z1 −1
12. z1 = =| z1 |2 z1
z1
 arg(z1-1) = arg( z 1 ) = arg(z2)  z2 = kz1-1 (k > 0)
13. (z1 + iz2) ( z1 − iz2 ) = (z1 – iz2) ( z1 + iz2 )
z z z
 z1z2 = z1z2  1 = 1  1 is purely real.
z 2 z2 z2
z−2
14. Since arg (z-2) = arg (2z+3i) so must be purely real
2z + 3i
z−2 ( x − 2 + iy) (2x − i (2y + 3))
= , which is purely real only when
2z + 3i 4 x 2 + ( 2y + 3) 2
2xy – (x-2) (2y+3) = 0
 3x-4y=6
z1 − z 2
15. =1
z3 − z2
 z − z2  z − z2
Also arg  1  =  /2. Thus 1
 =i
 z3 − z2  z3 − z2
z1 + z 2
16. Let = cos  + i sin 
z1 − z 2
z1 1 + cos  + i sin 
 = = -i cot/2
z 2 cos  + i sin  − 1
17. arg(z1/z4)+arg(z2/z3) = (arg z1 – arg z4 ) + (arg z2 – arg z 3)
= (arg z1 + arg z2 ) – (arg z3 + arg z4)
=0
18. z12 + z22 = 4  z12 + z22 = 4
 (z1 + z1 )2 + (z2 + z2 )2 = 12.
19. 9z1z2 + 4z1z3 + z2 z3 = (z3 z3 )z1z2 + (z2 z2 )z1z3 + (z1z1 )z2 z3 = 12
or, z1z2 z3 (z1 + z2 + z3 ) = 12 or, z1 z2 z3 z1 + z2 + z3 = 12
12
or, z1 + z2 + z3 = z1 + z2 + z3 = = 2.
32
20. Both the locus are arc of two different circles which either intersect out side the square do not
intersect at all.
Case – I Case – II
 A D
z1 z4

z1 A B z2
/4 /6 z
z2 z3
z4 D C z3 B C
21. Since, 3(x + y + z +  ) − 2(xy + yz + zx + zw + wx + wy)
2 2 2 2

= (x − y)2 + (x − z)2 + (x − )2 + (y − z)2 + (y − )2 + (z − )2  0

 3x2 − 2xy  0
2
 x2  xy
3
2
Now, (x+ y + z + )2 = x2 + 2xy  xy + 2xy
3
8
 (x+ y + z + )2  xy
3
8
 2  .
3
 1  1 
22. tn = (n+1)  n +   n + 2 
    
 1 1   1 1
= n3 + n2  2 + + 1 + n1 + 2 +  + 1
     
= n3 + n2( + 2 + 1)+ n( + 2 +1) +1
= n3 +1
n 2 (n + 1)
 (r )
n n 2
 Sn = 
r =1
tr =
r =1
3
+1 =
4
+n .

23. Given zn-1 + zn-2+ zn-3 + . . . + z +1 = 0

 (z – 1) ( zn-1 + zn-2 + . . . + z +1) = 0, z  1
 zn = 1 = ei2r ( r  N)
i2r

 zr = e n
r = 1, 2, 3, . . . , n-1
i2  i4  i6  i (2n − 2 )

 The roots are e n , e n , e n , , e n .

i2 
Which is a G.P., with common ratio e n .
1
24. b2 =
1 − b1
1 1 1 − b1 b1 − 1
b3 = = = =
1 − b2 1 −b1 b1
1−
1 − b1
2
as b1 = b3  b1 – b1 + 1 = 0
 b1 = –  or 2
1
 b2 = = –  or 2
1+ 
2001

b
r =1
2001
r = 2001(– 1)2001 = – 2001.
25. Let vertices be 1, , 2, … n –1 .
given that 1 +  + 2 + … + n –1 = 0   + 2 + … + n –1 = -1


(
 1 − n−1 ) = −1   −  n
= −1  n = 1
1−  1− 
so z1, z2, … zn are the roots of xn = 1, which forms the vertices of a regular n-polygon so incentre
and circumcentre will concide.

 3 − z1   2 − z2  B(z2)
26. Arg   + arg  (z1)A
 2 − z1   3 − z2 
1 2
 3 − z1   2 − z 2 
= arg   
 2 − z1   3 − z 2 
 3 − z1   2 − z 2 
Now if     is a +ve real number, then C(3, 0)
 2 − z1   3 − z 2  D( 2, 0)
its argument will be zero
So, angles 1 and 2 are equal in magnitude but
opposite in sign.
So chord DC subtends equal angles at A and B. So points are concylic for k > 0
27. z lies on the unit circle centred at origin.
|z-1| = AB < Arc AB
 |z-1| < 1  || = |arg z|
|z-1|<| arg z|
28. z1 = 3+ 4i, z2 = 4 + 3i , z3 =2 6 + i
Clearly |z 1| = |z2| = |z3| = 5,
 Points would lie on the circle centred at origin ‘O’ .
Now centroid of the triangle formed by these point
 7 + 2 6 8i 
G=  + 
 3 3 

2
 7 + 2 6  64 1
OG =   + = 137 + 28 6
 3  9 3
 

O 1 G 2 P

 OP = 3 OG = 137 + 28 6 .
29. | 3z – 2 | + |3z +2| = 4
2 2 4
 z− + z+ =
3 3 3
Sum of distances of P(z) from A(2/3, 0) and B(-2/3, 0) is 4/3
i.e. PA + PB = AB
Hence, locus of P is the line-segment AB.
30. Let z = x + iy, then z2 + z 2 = 2  x2 – y2 =1, which represents a hyperbola.
 31. AB = DC (1 – ai)
D
C
 (a – i) – (a + i) = (1 + ai) – (1 – ai) (1 + ai)
 – 2ai = 2i
a=–1
A B
(a + i) (a – i)
32. Given equation of circle
|z|2 + z(2 + 3i) + z (2 – 3i) + 4 = 0
centre – (2 – 3i), radius = aa − b = 3
 |z + 2 – 3i| = 3.
Let  = z + 3 + 2i = z + 2 – 3i + 1 + 5i
| – 1 – 5i| = |z + 2 – 3i| = 3
So,  lies on circle whose centre is 1 + 5i, radius = 3.
33. Since |z – 6| = |z – 8|
 z is locus of perpendicular bisector of points joining (6, 0) and (8, 0)  If z = x + iy  x = 7
34. |z|2 – |z| – 2 < 0
 (| z | −2) (| z | +1)  0  |z| < 2
Now |z2 + z sin|  |z|2 + |z sin |  |z|2 + |z| < 4 + 2 = 6.
35. 2ae = 4
8e=4
e=½
|Z – 4|  [1, 9]
36. z1z1 = 1; z2 z2 = 1; z3 z3 = 1
given z1 + z2 + z3 = 0  z1 + z2 + z3 = 0
hence (z1 + z2 + z3)2 = 0
1 1 1
 z12 + 2z1z2 z3  z + z + z  = 0 hence  z12 + 2z1z2 z3  z1 + z2 + z3  = 0
 1 2 3

  z12 = 0
37.  |z| = |z – 2|
 |z|2 = |z – 2|2
 zz = (z − 2)(z − 2)
 z+z = 2 …..(i)
also |z| = |z + 2|
 |z|2 = |z + 2|2
 zz = (z + 2)(z + 2)
 z + z = −2 ….(ii)
By (i) and (ii) | z + z |= 2
38. k1, k2, k3, k4  {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} and they should be of the form of 4k1, 4k + 1, 4k + 2 and 4k + 3
4!  1 2  2  1 2
So required probability = =
64 27
39. Given z3 + iwz2 = (1 + iw)z1
z3 – z1 = iw(z1 – z2)
z3 − z1
= −iw
z2 − z1
z3 − z1
= ei / 6
z2 − z1

 z3 − z1 = z2 − z1 with A =
6
40. For ellipse 2 − 4  5  –5 < 2 – 4 < 5
 –1 < ( – 2)2 < 9
 ( – 2)2 < 9
 –3 < ( – 2) < 3
 –1 <  < 5
  R+  0 <  < 5
41. Clearly ABC is equilateral (wz)
z
3 2
arABC = z − wz 2 /3
4
3 3 2 2/3
= z = 48 3
4
= |z|2 = 64
|z| = 8
w2
42. C1 : z + z = 2 z − 1
Put z = x + iy
2x = 2|x – 1 + iy|
x2 = (x – 1)2 + y2
 1
y2 = 2  x − 
 2
C2 : arg(z – (–1 – i) = 
it’s a ray emanating from (–1, –1) and making angle  with the positive real axis.
C1 and C2 have exactly one point common.
C2 must be tangent to C1
y + 1 = m(x + 1)
Solving C1 and C2
m=1
y=x=1
P(z0) = 1 + i
z0 = 2

43. The locus of the parabola with imaginary axis as directrix.

44. A denotes the event that z 1 lies on perpendicular Im(z)
bisector of 1+ i and 6 + 6i
 a+b = 7
A = (1, 6 ) , ( 2, 5 ) , ( 3, 4 ) , ( 4, 3 ) , ( 5, 2 ) , ( 6, 1) 1 + 6i
6 + 6i
6 1 2 + 5i
P(A) = =
36 6 3 + 4i /4
B denotes the event that z1 lies on a pair of rays
7 + 7i   4 + 3i
originating from at an angle or − with
2 4 4 5 + 2i
the horizontal.
 B = ( 4, 4 ) , ( 5, 5 ) , ( 6, 6 ) , ( 4, 3 ) , ( 5, 2 ) , ( 6, 1) 1+i 6 + 1i

6 1 Re(z)
 P (B ) = = O
36 6
A 1 B 1
 P  = , P  =
 
B 2 A 2
1
45. Consider z = we get given equation as
z'
 − −
a + bz' + b z' 2 + a z' 3 = 0
1
 a + bz '+ bz '2 + a z '3 = 0  z =  x2 + y2 = 1
z
a−b a−b
46. For arg   =0  0
a−c a−c
Select 3 numbers from the set and call the greatest as ‘a’ and remaining two as b and c. This can
be done in 2013 C3  2 ways, similarly call ‘a’ as least one and simultaneously b and c in 2013 C3  2
2013
C3  4 2
ways. Therefore the probability shall be = .
2013
C3  3! 3
47. The given equation is (1 + z) (1 +z3 )= 0 the distinct roots being –1, −, −2 which if be represented
by points A, B and C in that order
AB = |1 −| = || |2− 1| = |2 – 1|
BC = |−2| = |2| |2− 1| = |2 – 1|
CA = |2 – 1|
The three points represent the vertices of an equilateral triangle.
2 z− z−
48. Foot of perpendicular z is intersection of z + z − 2  = 0 and =
 
2 2 O
49. As z1 + z2 = z1 − z2
 z z +zz =0 90º
1 2 1 2
A B
 z  −z z
  1  = 1  1 is purely imaginary (z1) (z2)
 2
z z 2 z2

z  
 arg  1  =
 z2  2
 AOB is right angle at ‘O’
z + z2
 Mid point of AB i.e. 1 is circumcentre.
2
1 7 i
50. Locus is perpendicular bisector of line segment joining and + .
2 2 2