Thermosol

Consulting

Ar-Condicionado Trmico
Lucio Mesquita, Ph.D.
Thermosol Consulting
ABRAVA, Dezembro de 2011

ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

Solar AC

Eltrico

Trmico

PV-Peltier

PV- Compresso de
Vapor

Transformao
de Calor

Ciclo Aberto

Dissecante Liquido

Dissecante Slido

Termomecnico

Ciclo Fechado

Absoro

Ejetor

Motores
Rankine

Adsoro

ABRAVA/DASOL

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ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting
49% do total importado
Pas

Exportao de Petrleo para os EUA

( Milhares de Barris por Dia)

Set-11

Ago-11

ANO 2011

Set-10

ANO 2010

CANAD

2,829

2,637

2,670

2,479

2,537

ARBIA SAUDITA

1,479

1,075

1,187

1,093

1,086

MXICO

1,192

1,185

1,218

1,254

1,260

VENEZUELA

806

906

979

1,008

1,007

RSSIA

592

585

609

648

624

NIGRIA

580

892

876

1,174

1,053

COLMBIA

529

395

395

363

360

IRAQUE

404

637

473

422

464

EQUADOR

305

309

205

229

217

ANGOLA

304

331

335

417

422

ALGRIA

291

298

396

543

512

ILHAS VIRGENS

189

185

189

302

261

BRASIL

188

228

240

181

289

ARUBA

149

81

79

KUWAIT

145

165

165

172

206

ABRAVA/DASOL

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AMBIENTE
EXTERNO

AC

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TR= Tonelada de Refrigerao

Energia necessria equivalente a para
derreter (ou produzir) 907 kg de gelo em 24 horas

UNIDADE DE POTNCIA
1 TR = 12.000 Btu/h = 3.517 kW = 3.024 kcal/h

ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

Calor Sensvel = Temperatura

Calor Latente = Umidade

ABRAVA/DASOL

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ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

Condensador a ar ou gua
(rejeito).
Expanso direta ou indireta
(extrao).
Distribuio: gua gelada, ar ou
refrigerante.
ABRAVA/DASOL

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ABRAVA/DASOL

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100
90
80
70
60
50

87
73

40
30

56

20
10
0
1978

1997

2009

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100,00%
90,00%
80,00%
70,00%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
20,00%
10,00%
0,00%
Antes 1940 a 1950 a 1960 a 1970 a 1980 a 1990 a 2000 a
1940 1949 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 2009

Total 87% das residncias

99 milhes de unidades habitacionais
23%(1978) a 61%(2009) central
ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

0,88 quad BTU= 258.000 GWh

1.300 GWh Solar (PV+ Trmico) 2010
388.000 GWh Total Brasil 2009
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Thermosol
Consulting

TYPE OF COOLING EQUIPMENT - COMMERCIAL PER FLOOR SPACE

Swamp
Coolers
2%

78% das edificaes comerciais

88% do espao
151.000 GWh

Other
2%

Residential-Type
Central
14%

Heat
Pumps
11%

Packaged
Units
37%

Individual
15%

Central Chillers
15%

District Chilled
Water
4%

ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

CHILLERS - % OF FLOOR SPACE

PACKAGED - % OF FLOOR SPACE

Ten or More
6%

One
7%

Ten or More
30%

Two
17%

Four to Nine
14%

One
41%
Three
11%

Three
12%

Four to Nine
34%

Two
28%

ABRAVA/DASOL

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Thermosol
Consulting

Lucio
Mesquita, PhD
ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

ABRAVA/DASOL

14

Saturao de Mercado

Thermosol
Consulting

Graus-Dia de Resfriamento, base 18 C

ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting
Localidade

Graus-Dia de Resfriamento (Tref = 18,3 C)

Aracaju

3114

Belm

3338

Belo Horizonte

1644

Braslia

1346

Campinas

1439

Campo Grande

2563

Curitiba

603

Florianpolis

1320

Fortaleza

3423

Recife

3432

Rio de Janeiro

2504

Salvador

3022

So Paulo

1123

Vitria

2585

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89% SPLIT

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Percentual de empresas que dispem de sistemas

de ar condicionado e/ou ventilao

Ventilao e
exausto

33

Aparelhos
parede e "split"

77

"Roof top" e
"Self contained"

25
16

gua gelada
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

(% empresas)

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Percentual de prdios que dispem de sistemas de
ar condicionado e/ou ventilao
Ventilao e exausto

36
82

Aparelhos parede e "split"

"Roof top" e "Self contained"
gua gelada

34
32
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
(% prdios)

ABRAVA/DASOL

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IPCC = 4-5%/ano
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Acesso setor comercial

Aumento do mercado total
SEXY!!!

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Reservas Mundiais de
Energia Primria

Thermosol
Consulting

Urnio

Gs

Petrleo

Carvo

Consumo
Energtico
Mundial

Introduction

1-2
ABRAVA/DASOL

Recurso Solar

Thermosol
Consulting

Reflexo, Espalhamento

Radiao
Direta

Radiao Difusa

Albedo

Solar Resources - Solar Radiation

2-6
ABRAVA/DASOL

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Thermosol
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Recurso Solar

Solar Resources - Solar Radiation

2-9
ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

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Thermosol
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ABRAVA/DASOL

Recurso Solar

Thermosol
Consulting

Irradiao
Global Hor

ABRAVA/DASOL

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Recurso Solar

Solar Resources - Solar Radiation

2-6
ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

Recurso Solar

Solar Resources - Solar Radiation

2-6
ABRAVA/DASOL

30

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ABRAVA/DASOL

Recurso Solar

Thermosol
Consulting

Irradiao
Total Incl

ABRAVA/DASOL

31

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Recurso Solar

Solar Resources - Solar Radiation

2-6
ABRAVA/DASOL

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Recurso Solar

Solar Resources - Solar Radiation

2-6
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Recurso Solar

Solar Resources - Solar Radiation

2-6
ABRAVA/DASOL

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Recurso Solar

Solar Resources - Solar Radiation

2-6
ABRAVA/DASOL

33

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Recurso Solar

2-6
ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

Recurso Solar

2-6
ABRAVA/DASOL

34

Thermosol
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Recurso Solar

Solar Resources - Solar Radiation

2-6
ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

ABRAVA/DASOL

35

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Components and Subsystems of Solar Thermal Installation

3-15
ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
Consulting

ABRAVA/DASOL

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Thermosol
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E0 Radiao Solar
E1 Perdas ticas
Q1e2 Perdas Trmicas
Q3 Energia til

Components and Subsystems of Solar Thermal Installation

3-9
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ABRAVA/DASOL

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Components and Subsystems of Solar Thermal Installation

3-9
ABRAVA/DASOL

38

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Consulting

ABRAVA/DASOL

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Components and Subsystems of Solar Thermal Installation

3-11
ABRAVA/DASOL

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Thermosol
Consulting

ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
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Components and Subsystems of Solar Thermal Installation

3-7
ABRAVA/DASOL

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ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
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Components and Subsystems of Solar Thermal Installation

3-8
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Components and Subsystems of Solar Thermal Installation

3-12
ABRAVA/DASOL

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ABRAVA/DASOL

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ABSORVEDOR
ABERTURA
EXTERNA OU BRUTA

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ABRAVA/DASOL

Thermosol
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http://www.estif.org/solarkeymark/regcol.php

http://www.solarenergy.ch/index.php?id=111&L=6&no_cache=1

http://www.inmetro.gov.br/consumidor/pbe/ColetoresSolares-banho.pdf

http://www.solar-rating.org/ratings/og100.html

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