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Exemplo: (ITA 2000) Exemplo: (ITA 2006) Leia atentamente todo perodo transcrito abaixo,
The Fear Is Old verifique as ideias contidas nas oraes introduzidas por unless e
The Economy New hence e assinale a opo que, respectivamente, expressa tais ideias.
By THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN Unless the administration changes its approach, it will continue to
There is something perverse about reading the business news these erode Americas good name, and hence its ability to effectively world
days. Every month the Labor Department comes out with a new set of affairs.
statistics about how unemployment is down and thousands of jobs are a) Uma causa e uma concesso.
being created. But these stories always contain the same caveat, like b) Uma explicao e uma adio.
the warning on a pack of cigarettes, that this news is bad for the health c) Uma condio e uma explicao.
of the economy. The stories always go on to say that these great d) Uma explicao e uma concluso.
employment statistics triggered panic among Wall Street investors and e) Uma condio e uma concluso.
led to a sell off of stocks and bonds.
(...) Resoluo: (Alternativa E)
Of course there has always been a link between unemployment Unless significa a menos que, indicando uma condio. A conjuno
numbers and inflation expectations. The more people are working, the hence pode ser traduzida como logo, indicando uma concluso.
more they have the money to pay for things; the more consumer
PHRASAL VERBS
demand outstrips factory capacity, the more prices shoot up, and the
more prices shoot up the more the value of bonds, with their fixed Phrasal Verbs so verbos especiais formados por um verbo e uma ou
interest rates, erodes. mais partculas (preposies ou advrbios). Sua especificidade que
But what has been so frustrating about the market reactions in recent seu significado, em geral, no pode ser adivinhado apenas sabendo a
months is that despite the surgining economy, inflation has not been traduo do verbo original, pois o Phrasal Verb passa a ter um
rising. It has remained flat, at around 3 percent, and yet Wall Street, significado novo, independente dos termos que o compem. Alguns
certain that the shadow it sees is the ghost of higher inflation come to exemplos de Phrasal Verbs bastante usados:
haunt the trading floors, has been clamoring to the Federal Reserve sb=somebody
for higher rates. (...) sth=something
The New York Times Magazine. May 22, 1994. Ask sb out convidar algum
Yet, na 3 linha do ltimo pargrafo, quer dizer: Blow up sth/sb explodir, destruir algo/algum/ arruinar algo
a) apesar disso. b) ainda. c) j. Call sb up chamar algum por telefone
d) consequentemente. e) at o momento. Catch up with sth/sb alcanar, estar atualizado em relao a
algo/algum
Resoluo: (Alternativa A) Come down with sth ficar doente de alguma coisa, mas no
Como a lista anterior mostrou, yet pode ser usado como uma seriamente
conjuno adversativa, com o mesmo sentido de but e however. Do away with sth/sb livrar-se de algo/algum
Nesse contexto, apesar disso uma traduo coerente para o Drop off / Drop sth off comear a dormir; deixar algo para algum
termo. No texto, temos: (and yet Wall Street (...) has been clamoring to Drop out parar de participar
the Federal Reserve for higher rates (e, apesar disso, Wall Street (...) Explain away desculpar-se
tem clamado para o Federal Reserve o banco central americano Face up to sth/sb aceitar e lidar com algo/algum desagradvel ou
por taxas maiores). com um problema
Fall back on sth/sb usar algo ou algum quando voc est em
Exemplo: (ITA 2005) dificuldades / recorrer a
Fall through falhar ou no acontecer
(...) Languages have always died. As cultures have risen and fallen, so Find out - descobrir
their languages have emerged and disappeared. We can get some Get along with sb ter uma boa relao com algum
sense of it following the appearance of written language, 5for we now Get away escapar
have records (in various forms - inscriptions, clay tablets, documents) Get away with sth no ser punido por um crime ou uma m-ao
of dozens of extinct languages from classical times - Bithynian, Get back voltar
Cilician, Pisidian, Phrygian, Paphlagonian, Etruscan, Sumerian, Get up levantar
Elamite, Hittite... We know of some 75 extinct languages which have Give back - devolver
been spoken in Europe and Asia Minor. But the extinct languages of Give in render-se
which we have some historical record in this part of the world must be Give up desistir
only a fraction of those for which we have nothing. And when we Go in for sth participar de algo
extend our coverage to the whole world, where written records of Go off explodir; fazer um barulho alto; parar de trabalhar / deixar de
ancient languages are largely absent, it is easy to see that no sensible gostar de algo
estimate can be obtained about the rate at which languages have died Go over with sth terminar logo de fazer algo
in the past. We can of course make guesses at the size of the Hold back sth/sb impedir algo/algum de se mover
population in previous eras, and the likely size of communities, and (on Keep away from sth/sb evitar
the assumption that each community would have had its own Look sth/sb out procurar e encontrar algo/algum
language) work out possible numbers of languages.(...) Look out for sth/sb tomar conta de algo/algum
(Crystal, D. "Language Death".C.U.P. 2000:68) Look up to sb admirar algum
Make sth up inventar algo
Assinale a opo que contm uma conjuno que no pode substituir Make up for compensar
for em for we now have... Pick out - escolher
a) as b) due to the fact that c) since Put off adiar
d) because e) so Run away fugir
Stand back mover-se para trs
Resoluo: (Alternativa E) Stand up to defender-se
For aparece no trecho como conjuno, com o sentido de pois. Wear off tornar-se mais fraco ou desaparecer
Precisamos saber o significado das outras conjunes presentes na Write off - descartar
questo para descobrir a alternativa correta. As significa como, no
sentido de j que; due to the fact that significa devido ao fato de; Exemplo: (ITA 2002) A expresso "catch up on work" significa:
since tem sentido de j que; Because aparece como porque e so a) colocar o trabalho em dia.
significa ento. Assim, a nica conjuno que no aparece com o b) finalizar um projeto.
sentido de explicao so. c) reorganizar um projeto.
d) alcanar uma meta no trabalho.
e) captar novos recursos para um projeto.
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Exemplo: (ITA 2006) A expresso to write off, no incio do seguinte FALSOS COGNATOS
pargrafo,
Falsos cognatos so palavras que se parecem com palavras em
Many are tempted to write off the new anti-
portugus, mas que tm significados diferentes dos das palavras com
Americanism as a temporary perturbation, or mere
as quais se parecem.
resentment. Blinded by its own myth, America has
Exemplo actually no significa atualmente, significa na verdade.
grown incapable of recognizing its flaws. For there
is much about the American Dream to fault. If the
Exemplo: (ITA 2010)
rest of the world has lost faith in the American Assinale a opo em que a traduo do termo da coluna II corresponde ao
model political, economic, diplomatic its partly termo da coluna I.
for the very good reason that it doesnt work as well I II
anymore. a) threaten ameaam
quer dizer b) giveaway desperdcio
a) explicar b) descartar c) registrar c) provided provocou
d) encarar e) tomar d) bid fracasso
e) actually atualmente
Resoluo: (Alternativa B)
Como um phrasal verb, write off tem o sentido de descartar. Assim, a
Resoluo: (Alternativa A)
alternativa B a correta. A definio do verbo to threaten ameaar.
FUNES DAS PALAVRAS Confira a seguir alguns falsos cognatos comuns e suas tradues.
Em algumas questes pede-se que o candidato indique a funo de
cada palavra. Nesse tipo de questo sempre bom lembrar que: FALSOS COGNATOS
ADJETIVOS NUNCA TM PLURAL E SEMPRE. QUALIFICAM
SUBSTANTIVOS; INGLS - PORTUGUS PORTUGUS - INGLS
ADVRBIOS TAMBM NO TM PLURAL E QUALIFICAM
VERBOS OU ADJETIVOS.
Actually (adv) - na verdade ..., o Atualmente - nowadays, today
fato que ... Adepto - supporter
Exemplo: (ITA 2005) Leia o texto a seguir para a prxima questo.
Adept (n) - especialista, profundo Agenda - appointment book;
1 The smaller boys were known by the generic title of "littluns. conhecedor agenda
The decrease in size, from Ralph down, was gradual; and Agenda (n) - pauta do dia, pauta Amassar - crush
though there was a dubious region inhabited by Simon and para discusses Antecipar - to bring forward, to
Robert and Maurice, nevertheless no one had any difficulty in Amass (v) - acumular, juntar move forward
5 recognizing biguns at one end and littluns at the other. The Anticipate (v) - prever; aguardar, Apologia - elogio, enaltecimento
undoubted liltluns, those aged about six, led a quite distinct, ficar na expectativa Aplicao (financeira) -
and at the same time intense, life of their own. They ate most Apology (n) - pedido de desculpas investment
of the day, picking fruit where they could reach it and not Application (n) - inscrio, Apontamento - note
particular about ripeness and quality. They were used now to registro, uso Apreciao - judgement
10 stomach-aches and a sort of chronic diarrhoea. Appointment (n) - hora marcada, Argumento - reasoning, point
They suffered untold terrors in the dark and huddled together compromisso profissional Assistir - to attend, to watch
for comfort. Apart from food and sleep, they found time for Appreciation (n) - gratido, Assumir - to take over
play, aimless and trivial, among the white sand by the bright reconhecimento Atender - to help; to answer; to
water. Argument (n) - discusso, bate see, to examine
boca Audincia - court appearance;
15 They cried for their mothers much less often than might have
Assist (v) - ajudar, dar suporte interview
been expected; they were very brown, and filthily dirty. They
Assume (v) - presumir, aceitar Balco - counter
obeyed the summons of the conch, partly because Ralph como verdadeiro Batom - lipstick
blew it, and he was big enough to be a link with the adult Attend (v) - assistir, participar de Bife - steak
world of authority; and partly because they enjoyed the Audience (n) - plateia, pblico Cafeteria - coffee shop, snack
20 entertainment of the assemblies. But otherwise they seldom Balcony (n) - sacada bar
bothered with the biguns and their passionately emotional Baton (n) - batuta (msica), Cmara - tube (de pneu)
and corporate life was their own. cacetete chamber (grupo de pessoas)
They had built castles in the sand at the bar of the little river. Beef (n) - carne de gado Carto - card
These castles were about one foot high and were decorated Cafeteria (n) - refeitrio tipo Casualidade - chance, fortuity
25 with shells, withered flowers, and interesting stones. Round universitrio ou industrial Cigarro - cigarette
the castles was a complex of marks, tracks, walls, railway Camera (n) - mquina fotogrfica Colar - necklace
lines, that were of significance only if inspected with the eye Carton (n) - caixa de papelo, Colgio (ensino mdio) - high
at beach-level. The littluns played here, if not happily at least pacote de cigarros (200) school
with absorbed attention; and often as many as three of them Casualty (n) - baixa (morte fruto Comodidade - comfort
30 would play the same game together. de acidente ou guerra), Competio - contest
fatalidade Compreensivo -understanding
(Golding, W. Lord of the flies. 1954/1977:64-65)
Cigar (n) - charuto Compromisso - appointment;
Collar (n) - gola, colarinho, coleira date
Os termos withered em withered flowers ,railway em railway College (n) - faculdade, ensino Contexto - context
lines, absorbed em absorbed attention e often em and often as superior Conveniente - appropriate
many as three of them tm respectivamente as funes gramaticais: Commodity (n) - artigo, Costume - custom, habit
a) adjetivo, adjetivo, adjetivo, advrbio. mercadoria Data - date
b) adjetivo, adjetivo, adjetivo, adjetivo. Competition (n) - concorrncia Decepo - disappointment
c) adjetivo, adjetivo, verbo, advrbio. Comprehensive (adj) - Advogado de defesa - defense
d) verbo, substantivo, verbo, advrbio. abrangente, amplo, extenso attorney
e) verbo, substantivo, adjetivo, adjetivo.
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Compromise - (v) entrar em Indicar/Designar - to appoint manipular Suportar (tolerar) - tolerate, can
acordo, fazer Editor - publisher Pull (v) - puxar stand
concesso; (n) acordo, Educado - with a good Push (v) - empurrar Taxa - rate; fee
conciliao upbringing, well-mannered, Range (v) - variar, cobrir Treinador - coach
Contest (n) - competio, polite Realize (v) - notar, perceber, dar- Turno - shift; round
concurso Emisso - issuing (of a se conta, conceber uma ideia Vegetais - plants
Convenient (adj) - prtico document, etc.) Recipient (n) - recebedor,
Costume (n) - fantasia (roupa) Enrolar - to roll; to wind; to curl agraciado
Data (n) - dados (nmeros, Eventualmente - occasionally Record (v, n) - gravar, disco,
informaes) Excitante - thrilling gravao, registro
Deception (n) - logro, fraude, o xito - success Refrigerant (n) - substncia
ato de enganar Esperto - smart, clever refrigerante usada em
Defendant (n) - ru, acusado Esquisito - strange, odd aparelhos
Design (v, n) - projetar, criar; Fbrica - plant, factory Requirement (n) - requisito
projeto, estilo Genial - brilliant Resume (v) - retomar, reiniciar
Editor (n) - redator Curso de graduao - Rsum (n) - curriculum vitae,
Educated (adj) - instrudo, com undergraduate program currculo
alto grau de escolaridade Gratuidade - the quality of being Retired (adj) - aposentado
Emission (n) - descarga (de free of charge Senior (n) - idoso
gases, etc.) Gripe - cold, flu, influenza Service (n) - atendimento
Enroll (v) - inscrever-se, alistar-se, Azar - bad luck Stranger (n) - desconhecido
registrar-se Idioma - language Stupid (adj) - burro
Eventually (adv) - finalmente, Devoluo de imposto de renda Support (v) - apoiar
consequentemente - income tax refund Tax (n) - imposto
Exciting (adj) - empolgante Ingenuidade - naivet / naivety Trainer (n) - preparador fsico
Exit (n, v) - sada, sair Injria - insult Turn (n, v) - vez, volta, curva;
Expert (n) - especialista, perito Inscrio - registration, virar, girar
Exquisite (adj.) - belo, refinado application Vegetables (n) - verduras,
Fabric (n) - tecido Entender - understand legumes
Genial (adj) - afvel, aprazvel Intoxicao - poisoning
Graduate program (n) - Curso de Jarra - pitcher
ps-graduao Jornal - newspaper EXPRESSES IDIOMTICAS IDIOMS
Gratuity (n) - gratificao, gorjeta Lmpada - light bulb Idioms tm sido cada vez mais presentes nas provas ITA.
Grip (v) - agarrar firme Largo - wide
Hazard (n,v) - risco, arriscar Leitura - reading
Idiom (n) - expresso idiomtica, Legenda - subtitle
Exemplo: (ITA 2008)
linguajar Livraria - book shop Assinale a opo que melhor expressaria a fala da Mnica no 2
Income tax return (n) - declarao Locao - rental balo.
de imposto de renda Lanche - snack
Ingenuity (n) - engenhosidade Magazine - department store
Injury (n) - ferimento Maior - bigger
Inscription (n) - gravao em Medicina - medicine
relevo (sobre pedra, metal, Mistura - mix, mixture, blend
etc.) Motel - love motel, hot-pillow
Intend (v) - pretender, ter inteno joint, no-tell motel
Intoxication (n) - embriaguez, Notcia - news
efeito de drogas Novela - soap opera
Jar (n) - pote Oficial - official www.monica.com.br/ingles/comics/tirinhas/tira18.htm
Journal (n) - peridico, revista Parentes - relatives Data da visita ao site: 20/09/2007
especializada Particular - personal, private a) Actions speak luder than words
Lamp (n) - luminria Pasta - paste; folder; briefcase b) Silence implies consent
Large (adj) - grande, espaoso Polcia - police c) Better late than never
Lecture (n) - palestra, aula Porta - door d) He who laughs last, laughs best
Legend (n) - lenda Prejuzo - damage, loss e) Appearances are deceptive
Library (n) - biblioteca Prescrever - expire
Location (n) - localizao Preservativo - condom Resoluo: (Alternativa B)
Lunch (n) - almoo Pretender - to intend, to plan Silence implies consent significa quem cala consente. Como o
Magazine (n) - revista Privado - private
espelho no respondeu nada para a Mnica quando ela perguntou se
Mayor (n) - prefeito Procurar - to look for
Medicine (n) - remdio, medicina Propaganda - advertisement,
era a mais bela de todas e como ela ficou feliz com a ausncia de
Moisture (n) - umidade commercial resposta podemos dizer que esse o idiom.
Motel (n) - hotel de beira de Pular - to jump As outras alternativas significam:
estrada Puxar - to pull A As aes falam mais alto do que as palavras.
Notice (v) - notar, aperceber-se; Ranger - to creak, to grind C Antes tarde do que nunca.
aviso, comunicao Realizar - to carry out, make D Quem ri por ltimo ri melhor.
Novel (n) - romance come true, to accomplish E As aparncias enganam.
Office (n) - escritrio Recipiente - container
Confira a seguir alguns idioms bastante comuns:
Parents (n) - pais Recordar - to remember, to
Particular (adj) - especfico, exato recall IDIOMS mais comuns e expresses correspondentes mais
Pasta (n) - massa (alimento) Refrigerante - soft drink, soda, prximas na Lngua Portuguesa
Policy (n) - poltica (diretrizes) pop, coke All is well that ends well tudo fica bem quando acaba bem
Port (n) - porto Requerimento - request, petition To be all thumbs - ser desastrado(a)
Prejudice (n) - preconceito Resumir - summarize To bark worse than ones bite o latido pior do que a mordida
Prescribe (v) - receitar Resumo - summary
To bend over backwards - fazer um esforo grande por algum
Preservative (n) - conservante Retirado - removed, secluded
To bite the bullet enfrentar a situao
Pretend (v) - fingir Senhor - gentleman, sir
Private (adj) - particular Servio - job To bite the dust morrer / cair ferido(a)
Procure (v) - conseguir, adquirir Estrangeiro - foreigner To blow it estragar algo
Propaganda (n) - divulgao de Estpido - impolite, rude (Rio To be born with a silver spoon in ones mouth nascer rico(a)
ideias/fatos com intuito de Grande do Sul) To bury the hatchet fazer uma trgua
Cat got your tongue? O gato comeu sua lngua?
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Resoluo: (Alternativa B)
A resposta correta a B "you are being replaced".
O uso da voz passiva no present continuous, pois conforme sugere
a figura, a ao acontece no momento da fala: "voc est sendo
substitudo"
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