M AC RO E CON O MIA

-- EXERCÍCIOS --

2020/2021

Respostas de escolha múltipla e soluções de exercícios práticos

 CAPÍTULO 1
INTRODUÇÃO À ECONOMIA E ÀS CONTAS NACIONAIS

E S C OL H A M Ú LT I P L A

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C A A B A A D D A B

11.

E X E RC Í C I O S P R Á T I C O S

1. PIB de 2017 a preços de 2015: 1.000.000/(1,05)2 = 907.029,48 u.m.

2. g = 2,5%.

3. Taxa de inflação: n,n+1=4%; n+1,n+2=5,769%; n+2,n+3=3,636%.

PIB real: 10.000 (n); 10.000 (n+1); 10.000 (n+2); 9.824,56 (n+3). O PIB real manteve-se constante de n para n+1 e
de n+1 para n+2. De n+2 para n+3, a taxa de crescimento foi negativa: -1,754%

4. a) PI18 = 22.000 u.m.; PI19 = 26.000 u.m.; PI19 (real) = 24.761,905 u.m.
PIB18 = 21.000 u.m.; PIB19 = 24.800 u.m.; PIB19 (real) = 23.619,048 u.m.
Taxa de crescimento do PIB real: 12,47%

5. Taxa de crescimento do PIB real (14-15): 1,57%

Taxa de crescimento do PIB real (15-16): 1,36%

6. Taxa de inflação (17-18): 1,59%

Taxa de inflação (18-19): 1,72%

2
 CAPÍTULO 2
MACROECONOMIA NO LONGO PRAZO – CRESCIMENTO ECONÓMICO

E S C OL H A M Ú LT I P L A

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

A B A A B C A B A B

11.

E X E RC Í C I O S P R Á T I C O S

1. 20 anos: 9.030,556 u.m.; 40 anos: 16.310,189 u.m.; 60 anos: 29.458,016 u.m.

2. € 28.390,15

3. a) k=136,8; y=34,2. c) k=174,4; y=43,6.

4. A=10: k=184,2; y=36,8; A’=12: k=234,9; y=47,0.

3
 CAPÍTULO 3
MACROECONOMIA NO CURTO PRAZO - O MERCADO REAL

E S C OL H A M Ú LT I P L A

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

A C B B C B B B C A

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

C C B B D D B C C A

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

A A A A D B B D A C

31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

D C D C A B D A B B

41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

B B B C C C D C A B

51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60.

B B C A B B A D C C

61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70.

D B A A D B B D C A

71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76.

A D C A D A

4
 E X E RC Í C I O S P R Á T I C O S

1. a) 𝑇̅ = 150u.m.; Y = 2.020 u.m.

b) Y = 2.020: BC = - 182,80 u.m. ; BC = 0: Y = 714,29 u.m.

c) Y = -16 u.m.; SO = 6,8 u.m.

d) Y = 2.020 - 1.200i

2. a) 𝑇̅ = 700u.m.; Y = 2.785 u.m.

b) Y = 2.785: BC = -198,5 u.m.; BC = 0 : Y = 800 u.m.

c) Y = 37,5 u.m.; SO = -17,5 u.m.

d) Y = 2.785 - 1.400i

3. a) 𝑍̅ = 20.m.; C=80+0,8YD; T=60+0,2Y; Z=20+0,14Y

b) G=300 u.m.; Y = 1.172 u.m.; SO = -35,6 u.m.; BC = -84,08 u.m.

c) Y = -16 u.m.; SO = 6,8 u.m.

d) Y = 20 u.m.; SO = -6 u.m.; Y(T+G) = 4 u.m.; SO(T+G) = 0,8 u.m.

4. a) 𝑍̅ = 150.m.; C=150+0,75YD; T=75+0,1Y; Z=150+0,175Y

b) G=275 u.m.; Y = 1.612,5 u.m.; SO = -88,75 u.m.; BC = -182,1875 u.m.

c) Y = 30 u.m.; SO = -17 u.m.

d) Y = 40 u.m.; SO = -13 u.m.; Y(Tr+G) = 70 u.m.; SO(Tr+G) = -27,75 u.m.

5. a) C=100+0,8YD; Z=100+0,14Y

b) Y = 1720 – 300i; i=7%: Y = 1.699 u.m.; =12%: Y = 1.684 u.m.

c) Y = -32 u.m.; SO = 13,6 u.m.; BC = 4,48 u.m.

d) T=1: Y = -1,6 u.m.; SO = 0,68 u.m.; G=1: Y = 2 u.m.; SO = -0,6 u.m.

5
6. a) Y = 3.950 u.m.

b) Y = 100 u.m.; SO = -30 u.m.

c) Z = -10 u.m.

7. a) Y = 2.187,5 u.m.

b) Y = 200 u.m.; SO = -60 u.m.

c) Z = 2 u.m.

8. a) Y = 3.880 u.m.

b) Y = 40 u.m.; SO = -17 u.m.

c) X = 10 u.m.

d) BC = 350 – 0,14Y; BC = 0: Y = 2.500 u.m.

9. a) Y = 3.800 u.m.

b) Y = 32 u.m.; SO = -13,6 u.m.

c) X = 30 u.m.

d) BC = 200 – 0,14Y; BC = 0: Y = 1.428,57 u.m.

10. a) C=200+0,8YD; S=-200+0,2YD; I=600 – 200i; T=200+0,15Y; Z=250+0,18Y

b) Y = 3260 – 400i

c) Y = -32 u.m.; SO = 15,2 u.m.

11. a) C=160+0,75YD; S=-160+0,25YD; I=500 – 100i; T=140+0,2Y; Z=200+0,1Y

b) Y = 2540 – 200i

c) Y = -40 u.m.; BC = -16 u.m.

6
12. a) Y = 945 – 100i

b) BC=75-0,1Y; BC=0: Y=750 u.m.

c) G=20: Y = 40 u.m.; SO = -12 u.m.; T=-20: Y = 30 u.m.; SO = -14 u.m.

13. a) Y = 3850 – 2000i

b) BC=100-0,175Y; BC=0: Y=571,429 u.m.

c) Tr=100: Y = 150 u.m.; SO = -85 u.m.; T=-100: Y = 150 u.m.; SO = -85 u.m.

7
 CAPÍTULO 4
MOEDA E POLÍTICA MONETÁRIA

E S C OL H A M Ú LT I P L A

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

A A B A C D D B B C

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

D A B B A B C C B C

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

B A B D A D A B A

E X E RC Í C I O S P R Á T I C O S

1. a) M=1170; Y = 4750 + 500i.

b) Y = (1/0,2)×10 = 50 u.m.

2. a) M = 3.000 u.m.;
b) M = 3×5 =15 u.m.;
c) Y = (1/0,2)×20 = 100 u.m.

3. a) M = 300 u.m.;
b) M = 2,5×20 =50 u.m.;
c) Y = (1/0,25)×(-10) = -40 u.m.

4. a)  i(d) = 1,5×0,2 = 0,3

b) i(d) = 0,01 + 1,5×(0,05-0,02) + 0,5×0 = 0,055

8
 CAPÍTULO 5
EQUILÍBRIO MACROECONÓMICO DE CURTO PRAZO

E S C OL H A M Ú LT I P L A

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

B C B D D A B A A B

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

C C C C B B B D C C

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

B A A D C C B A C D

31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

C D D D B A D C C B

41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

C B C D C D D A D C

51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59.

D C A C B D D A D

E X E RC Í C I O S P R Á T I C O S

1. a) LM: Y=6400+800i; i=0,125; Y=6500 u.m.

b) G=7,5: Y=10; Y’=6510; substituindo na LM: i’=0,1375; I=-2,5 u.m. |I |<|G |

c) M=3,75 u.m.

d) SO=8 u.m.; G=-10,91 u.m.

9
2. a) LM: Y=4480+600i; i=0,15; Y=4570 u.m.

b) G=10: Y=15; Y’=4585; substituindo na LM: i’=0,175; I=-2,5 u.m. |I |<|G |

c) M=5,25 u.m.

d) SO=15,5 u.m.; T=20 u.m.

3. b) IS: Y=1310-360i;

c) LM: Y=1196+400i

d) i=0,15; Y=1256 u.m.

f) G=9,5: Y=10; Y’=1266; substituindo na LM: i’=0,175; I=-4,5 u.m. |I |<|G |

g) M=6 u.m.

h) SO=5 u.m.; T=5,9375 u.m.

4. b) IS: Y=1720-300i;

c) LM: Y=1608+820i

d) i=0,1; Y=1690 u.m.

f) G=68,2927: Y=100; Y’=1790; substituindo na LM: i’=0,222; I=-18,293 u.m. |I |<|G |

g) M=3,75 u.m.

h) SO=7 u.m.; T=8,97 u.m.

5. a) LM: Y=4040+3000i; i=0,12; Y=4400 u.m.

b) Y=15; SO=3 u.m.; BC=8,5 u.m.

c) G=20: Y=30; Y’=4430; substituindo na LM: i’=0,13; I=-5 u.m. |I |<|G |

d) M=18,75 u.m.

6. a) LM: Y=5800+1200i; i=0,13; Y=5956 u.m.

b) Y=15; SO=3 u.m.; BC=7,9 u.m.

c) G=50: Y=75; Y’=6031; substituindo na LM: i’=0,1925; I=-12,5 u.m. |I |<|G |

d) M=6,4 u.m.

10
7. a) LM: Y=8200+3200i; i=0,12; Y=8584 u.m.

b) Y=-32; SO=-8 u.m.; BC=-16,8 u.m.

c) G=25: Y=40; Y’=8624; substituindo na LM: i’=0,1325; I=-5 u.m. |I |<|G |

d) M=5 u.m.

8. a) IS: Y=3968-1000i; LM: Y=3448+3000i;

b) i=0,13; Y=3838 u.m.; SOeq=-20,5 u.m.; BCeq=-233,8 u.m.

d) Tr=20: Y=24; Y’=3862; substituindo na LM: i’=0,138; I=-4 u.m. |I |<|Tr |

e) M=25 u.m.

9. a) IS: Y=5200-750i; LM: Y=5000+500i;

b) i=0,16; Y=5080 u.m.; SOeq=-215 u.m.; BCeq=-308 u.m.

d) G=50: Y=50; Y’=5130; substituindo na LM: i’=0,26; I=-30 u.m. |I |<|G|

e) M=4 u.m.

10. a) IS: Y=6187,5-1500i; LM: Y=4000+16000i;

b) i=0,125; Y=6000 u.m.; SOeq=-600 u.m.; BCeq=-350 u.m.

d) G=43,75: Y=100; Y’=6100; substituindo na LM: i’=0,13125; I=-3,75 u.m. |I |<|G|

e) M=37,5 u.m.

11. a) LM: Y=2415+600i;

b) i =0,095; Y=2472 u.m.

c) SOeq=-166 u.m.

d) Tr=20: Y=22,5; Y’=2494,5; substituindo na LM: i’=0,1325; I=-3,75 u.m. |I |<|G|

e) Y=20 u.m.; M=4 u.m.

11
12. a) LM: Y=2900+1500i;

b) i =0,112; Y=3068 u.m.

c) SOeq=-404,4 u.m.

d) Tr=18: Y=22,737; Y’=3090,737; substituindo na LM: i’=0,1272; I=-3,03 u.m. |I |<|G|

e) Y=40 u.m.; M=8 u.m.

13. a) IS: Y=4625-600i; i =0,125; Y=4550 u.m.

b) SO=-1100+0,2Y; BC=75-0,1Y; SOeq=-190 u.m.; BCeq=-380 u.m.; SO=0: Y=5.500 u.m.

c) X=40 u.m.;

d) G=100: Y=125; Y’=4675; substituindo na LM: i’=0,25; I=-37,5 u.m. |I |<|G|

14. a) IS: Y=4740-400i; LM: Y=4640+600i; i =0,1; Y=4700 u.m.; SO=-220 u.m.; BC=-270 u.m.

b) T=-30: Y=27; substituindo na LM: i’=0,16; I=-12 u.m. |I |<|T|

c) T=-30: M=15 u.m.;

d) X=20: BC=17,6 u.m.

15. a) IS: Y=4540-200i; LM: Y=4440+300i; i =0,2; Y=4500 u.m.; SO=325 u.m.; BC=-100 u.m.

b) G=25: Y=30; Y’=4530; substituindo na LM: i’=0,3; I=-10 u.m. |I |<|G|

c) IS’: Y=4590-200i; Y=4590-200×0,25=4540; Y=10 u.m.; M=6,25 u.m.;

d) I=50: BC=-6 u.m.

16. a) LM: Y=2400+800i; i =0,2; Y=2560 u.m.

b) G=75: Y=100; Y’=2660; substituindo na LM: i’=0,325; I=-25 u.m. |I |<|G|

c) Y=150 u.m.; M=37,5 u.m.;

d) i=-0,075; Lt=-15 u.m.; Ls=15 u.m.

12
17. a) LM: Y=2600+800i; i =0,05; Y=2640 u.m.

b) G=62,5: Y=100; Y’=2740; substituindo na LM: i’=0,175; I=-12,5 u.m. |I |<|G|

c) Y=125 u.m.; M=31,25 u.m.;

d) i=-0,01; Lt=-2 u.m.; Ls=2 u.m.

18. a) LM: Y=5117,5+750i;

b) i =0,0985; Y=5191,375 u.m.

c) SO=-171,725 u.m.

d) Tr=20: Y=24; Y’=5215,375; substituindo na LM: i’=0,1305; I=-4 u.m. |I |<|Tr|

e) SO=25; T=32,895 u.m.

19. a) LM: Y=5640+1200i;

b) i =0,1; Y=5760 u.m.

c) SO=-598 u.m.

d) Tr=10: Y=9; Y’=5769; substituindo na LM: i’=0,1075; I=-3 u.m. |I |<|Tr|

e) SO=50; T=-60,976 u.m.

20. a) IS: Y=1837,5-225i; LM: Y=1775+400i; i=0,1; Y=1815; SO=-248,125; BC=-161,5

b) Tr=10: Y=12,8; Y’=1827,8; substituindo na LM: i’=0,132; I=-2,88 u.m. |I |<|Tr|

c) Y=250; M=50 u.m.

21. a) LM: Y=1900+1000i; i=0,2; Y=2100;

b) BC=-111,25 u.m.

c) Y=140 u.m.; M=28 u.m.

22. a) LM: Y=2225+500i; i=0,1; Y=2275;

b) BC=-72,1875 u.m.

c) Y=56 u.m.; M=11,2 u.m.

13
23. a) IS: Y=2710-500i; LM: Y=2610+750i; i=0,08; Y=2670;

b) G=5: Y=7,5; Y’=2677,5; substituindo na LM: i’=0,09; I=-2 u.m. |I |<|G|

c) Y=20 u.m.; M=4 u.m.

24. a) H=300 u.m.

b) IS: Y=2855-240i; LM: Y=2750+600i; i=0,125; Y=2825; SO=-3,75 u.m.

c) G=10: Y=14,286; Y’=2839,286; substituindo na LM: i’=0,149; I=-2,88 u.m. |I |<|G|

d) Tr=5 u.m.; SO=-3,661 u.m.

25. a) IS: Y=1950-100i; LM: Y=1850+400i; i=0,2; Y=1930

b) SO=-425+0,125Y; BC=60-0,1Y; Y=1930: SO=-183,75; BC=-133; SO=0: Y=3400; BC=0: Y=600.

c) G=20: Y=40; Y’=1970; substituindo na LM: i’=0,3; I=-4 u.m. |I |<|G|

d) BC=58 u.m.; X=72,5 u.m.

26. a) IS: Y=2160-400i; LM: Y=2000+600i; i=0,16; Y=2096; SO=-40,8; BC=-109,6

b) T=-10: Y=9; i=0,015; Ls=-2,25 u.m.

c) X=20 u.m.; SO=4,8 u.m.

d) Y=40 u.m.; M=10 u.m.

27. a) IS: Y=4625-600i; i=0,125; Y=4550

b) SO=-1100+0,2Y; BC=75-0,1Y; Y=4550: SO=-190; BC=-380; SO=0: Y=5500; BC=0: Y=750.

c) BC=175 u.m.; X=200 u.m.

d) G=100: Y=125; Y’=4675; substituindo na LM: i’=0,25; I=-37,5 u.m. |I |<|G|

28 a) IS: Y=2800-450i; LM: Y=2680+750i; i=0,1; Y=2755

b) SO=-109; BC=-95,5; BC=0: Y=1800

c) G=60: Y=75; SO=-45; i=0,1; I=-22,5 u.m.

d) Y=120 u.m.; M=24 u.m.

14
.

29. a) IS: Y=5100-800i; LM: Y=4860+800i; i=0,15; Y=4980

b) SO=46; BC=-49,2; SO=0: Y=4750

c) G=32: Y=40; Y’=5020; substituindo na LM: i’=0,2; I=-16 u.m. |I |<|G|

d) Y=0 u.m.; SO=-G=-32 u.m.; BC=-Z=-32 u.m..

30. a) IS: Y=1780-350i; LM: Y=1640+1050i; i=0,1; Y=1745

b) SO=-21; BC=-74,5; SO=0: Y=1000

c) Y=31,5 u.m.; SO=-21,7 u.m.; BC =-3,15 u.m.

d) Y=42 u.m.; M=8,4 u.m.

31. a) IS: Y=3200-2000i; i=0,2; Y=2800; SO=-250; BC=-220.

b) Tr=10 u.m.: Y=10,(7) u.m [note, para cálculo do multiplicador, que h/k=4000].; SO =-7,8(7) u.m.

c) G=25: Y=33,(3); Y’=2833,(3); substituindo na LM: i’=0,208(3); I=-8,(3) u.m. |I |<|G|

d) Y=50 u.m.; M=12,5 u.m.

15