UNIVERSIDAD PONTIFICIA BOLIVARIANA

SECCIONAL BUCARAMANGA

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL

PRÁCTICAS DE LABORATORIO HIDRÁULICA DE CANALES

PRÁCTICA NO. 5

SALTO HIDRÁULICA

INTEGRANTES:

Andrés Camilo Castaño Saiz ID: 000345587

María Del Pilar Chiappe Chinchilla ID: 000383284

Camilo Andrés Tavera Camargo ID: 000405782

Raúl Ernesto Hernández Villalba ID: 000334809

DOCENTE:

Juan Carlos Forero Sarmiento

31/08/2021
Práctica No. 5: RESALTO HIDRÁULICO

1. Objetivos
 …..
2. Marco teórico

3. Materiales
a. ….
4. Procedimiento en el laboratorio
 ….
5. Datos recolectados
No. b (cm) Q (lpm) LR (cm) Y1 (mm) Y2 (mm)
1 492 26 14,9 85,6
2 30 306 14 13,6 58,9
3 223 10 3,8 40,5

6. Cálculos
Primeramente se deben pasar las unidades de caudal de lpm a cm 3/s
3 3
L 1000 cm 1min cm
Q 1 ( lpm ) =492× × =8200
min 1l 60 seg seg
3
( ) L 1000 cm 1min cm3
Q 2 lpm =306 × × =5100
min 1l 60 seg seg
3
L 1000 cm 1min cm3
Q 3 (lpm )=223 × × =3716.666
min 1l 60 seg seg
Pasar unidades de altura (Y) de mm a cm
1 cm
Y 1−1 ( mm )=14.9 mm × =1.49 cm
1 0 mm
1 cm
Y 1−2 ( mm )=13.6 mm × =1.36 cm
1 0 mm
1 cm
Y 1−3 ( mm ) =3.8 mm× =0.38 cm
1 0 mm
1cm
Y 2−1 ( mm )=85.6 mm× =8.56 cm
1 0 mm
1 cm
Y 2−2 ( mm )=58.9 mm × =5.89 cm
1 0 mm
1 cm
Y 2−3 ( mm ) =40.5 mm × =4.05 cm
1 0 mm

Hallar valor del caudal por unidad de ancho para cada caudal
3
cm
Q( )
( )
2
cm s
q =
s b(cm)
 ( )
3
cm
8200
( ) ( )
2 2
cm s cm
q1 = =273.3333
s 30 ( cm ) s
3
cm
5100( )
( ) ( )
2 2
cm s cm
q2 = =170
s 30(cm) s
3
cm
3716.666 ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
cm s cm
q3 = =123.8888
s 30 (cm) s

Hallar valor de energía para cada una de las alturas

q2
E=Y +
2 × g ×Y 2
*NOTA: usar la gravedad en cm/seg2 (g=981 cm/seg2)

( )
2 2
cm
273.333
seg
E 1−1=1.49 cm+ =18.6419561 cm
cm 2
2 ×981 × 1.49 cm
seg 2

( )
2
cm 2
170
seg
E 1−2=1.36 cm+ =9.32381244 cm
cm 2
2 ×981 2
×1.36 cm
seg

( )
2 2
cm
123.8888
seg
E 1−3=0.38 cm+ =54.5549501 cm
cm 2
2 × 981 × 0.38 cm
seg 2

( )
2
cm2
273.333
seg
E 2−1=8.56 cm+ =9.079683183 cm
cm 2
2 × 981 2
×8.56 cm
seg

( )
2 2
cm
170
seg
E 2−2=5.89 cm+ =6.314588523 cm
cm 2
2 ×981 ×5.89 cm
seg 2

( )
2
cm2
123.8888
seg
E 2−3=4.05 cm+ =4.526931126 cm
cm 2
2× 981 2
× 4.05 cm
seg
Hallar número de Froude para los valores de Y1

√
2
q
FR=
g × Y 13

√
2
273.333
FR 1−1= 3
=4.79820381
981× 1.49

√
2
170
FR 1−2= 3
=3.42220527
981× 1.36

FR 1−3=
√ 123.8882
981 ×0.38
3
=16.8858318

Hallar la Y2 teórica

Y 1× [−1+ √ 1+ 8( Fr 1 ) ]
2

Y 2T =
2

1.49 cm × [−1+ √1+8 ( 4.798203812 ) ]

Y 2T −1= =9.39308084 cm
2

1.36 cm× [ −1+ √1+8 ( 3.42220527 2) ]

Y 2T −2= =5.93706428 cm
2

0.38 cm× [−1+ √ 1+ 8 ( 16.8858318 ) ]

2
Y 2T −3= =8.88645438 cm
2
Hallar valor de ∆E

∆ E=E 1−E 2
∆ E 1=18.6419561−9.079683183=9.562272878cm
∆ E 2=9.32381244−6.314588523=3.009223914 cm
∆ E 3=54.5549501−4.526931126=50.02801893 cm
Hallar PRt

E2
PRt=1−
E1
9.079683183
PRt 1=1− =0.512943644
18.6419561
6.314588523
PRt 2=1− =0.32274608
9.32381244
 4.526931126
PRt 3=1− =0.917020708
54.5549501
Hallar PR experimental

∆E
PRexp=
E1
9.562272878
PRexp1= =0.512943644
18.6419561
3.009223914
PRexp 2= =0.32274608
9.32381244
50.02801893
PRexp3= =0.917020708
54.5549501
Hallar Longitud real teórica
1.01
LRt =9.75 ×Y 1×(FR 1−1)
1.01
LRt 1=9.75 ×1.49 ×( 4.79820381−1) =55.91971277 cm

LRt 2=9.75 × 1.36×(3.42220527−1)1.01=32.40384733cm

LRt 3=9.75× 0.38 ×(16.8858318−1)1.01 =60.50736942cm

7. Presentación de resultados

No. q (cm2/s) E1 E2 Fr1 Y2t (cm) DE (cm)

1 273,333333 18,6419561 9,079683183 4,79820381 9,39308084 9,562272878
2 170 9,32381244 6,314588523 3,42220527 5,93706428 3,009223914
3 123,888889 54,5549501 4,526931126 16,8858318 8,88645438 50,02801893

PRt Prexp LRt (cm) fórmula Tipo de resalto

0,512943644 0,512943644 55,91971277 Permanente o Estable
0,32274608 0,32274608 32,40384733 Oscilante
0,917020708 0,917020708 60,50736942 Fuerte

8. Conclusiones y recomendaciones

 …..
9. Referencias