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Luiz.Machado@cptec.inpe.br
Desempenho de algoritmos estimadores de
precipitação
Frederico Angelis
Medições de precipitação podem ser
realizadas por: Pluviômetro (báscula ou totalizador), radar
ou satélite.
Pluviômetro a melhor medida local, mas depende do vento e de
pássaros, insetos, calibração, etc...difícil extrapolar no espaço
medidas pontuais.
Radar – ótima cobertura e alta resolução temporal, somente em
torno de 100 km do radar – problemas – altura do feixe com a
distância, abertura do feixe, precisa saber a distribuição de gotas,
atenuação .
Z AR b
Z= N(D)D6dD
0C 0C
Nimbostratus
0C 0C
Motivação
WORKING GROUP – 1
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRECIPITATING SYSTEMS AS FUNCTION OF THE REGION AND LIFE
STAGE
Responsible : Luiz Machado
WORKING GROUP – 2
PRECIPITATION ESTIMATION – DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION ALGORITHM
Responsible : Carlos Angelis
WORKING GROUP – 3
ELETRIFICATION PROCESS: MOVING FROM CLOUDS TO THUNDERSTORMS
Responsible: Carlos Morales
WORKING GROUP – 4
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BOUNDARY LAYER FOR DIFFERENT CLOUD PROCESSES AND
PRECIPITATION REGIMES
Responsible: Gilberto Fisch
WORKING GROUP – 5
MODEL IMPROVEMENTS AND VALIDATION, WITH FOCUS IN CLOUD MICROPHYSICS AND AEROSOL
INTERACTIONS, FOR SATELLITE PRECIPITATION ESTIMATES IN BRAZIL
Responsible: Maria Assunção Dias
NASA Precipitation Measurement Missions Science Team -26-29 October 2009 - Salt Lake City
Missão
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEZ
2010 ALCANTARA
2011 CHUVA FORTALEZA FORTALEZA BELÉM BELEM SAO LUIZ SAO LUIZ
WORKSHOP#1 PARAITINGA PARAITINGA
6
Measurement Scheme
for the Main line
300
meters
300
meters
300
meters
300
300 meters
meters
Radioson INPE 2 NASA INPE
GPS INPE THIES GPS 2 INPE
de RS92 Rain Rain Rain Parsivel
Rain Disdrome THIES Rain
Gauge Gauges Gauge Disdrom Disdrom Gauges
Gauge ter
eter eter
$Volumetr $
Parsivel JOSS 2 NASA THIES JOSS
RADAR ic
and Disdrome Disdrome Rain Disdrom LIDAR Disdrom
MP3000A ADMIRA 5–
9 RHI ter ter Gauge eter 9 eter RI Ane
0º 3
0 0º m.
º Tow
1- 2 - INPE 3 - Airport 4 - Delta er
RADAR Village
2 NASA
INPE Rain
Rain Gauges
Gauge
Parsivel
THIES
Disdromet
Disdromet
er
er
Instrumentation
GPS
Airport Site INPE Rain
Gauge
2 NASA
Rain Gauges
MP3000A
Radiometer
JOSS
Disdrometer THIES Parsivel
Disdrometer Soil Moisture
Disdromet
er
LIDAR
Instrumentation
Delta Village Site
THIES
ADMIRARI
Disdrometer
2 INPE
Rain Gauges
Instrumentation
UECE Airplane
warm
cold
DSD (Joss)
200
warm
150
100
50
0
radar vila2 inpe aero vila1 slz
ADMIRARI
March 21th
Main Target Study: Warm Clouds and MCSs organized by Easterly Waves
From 21 March to 29 April 2011 – The GPM Planning Meeting and the CEOS –
PC will be held during this period in Fortaleza
Additional Data: Aircraft for microphysical measurements (if the airplane will be OK) and S
and X Band radar.
Radar de Fortaleza (Banda X)
Pluviômetro
Estação meteorológica
Radar banda X
Disdrômetro (Parsivel)
Radar móvel
Radiossondagem GPS
Banco de Dados + Satélites e Modelos
6
Sítios Experimentais Mossoró
Quixeramobim
Fortaleza
Radar X-Dual Pol
Sitio Defesa Civil
RHI e Espectros de Gotas
Conteúdo Integrado de água líquida
Distribuição de Gotas no evento noturno 18/4
3,5
Concentração (m-3.mm-1)
02:53
3 02:54
2,5 02:55
02:56
2
02:57
1,5 02:58
02:59
1
03:00
0,5
5,5
7,5
9,5
3,25
4,25
21,5
0,312
0,562
0,812
1,062
1,375
1,875
2,375
13
17
Diâmetro (mm)
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0
1
2
3
1,5
2,5
3,5
0,5
05:00
05:05
05:10
05:15
05:20
05:25
05:30
Radiossondagem
05:35
05:40
05:45
05:50
05:55
06:00
06:05
06:10
06:15
06:20
06:25
06:30
06:35
06:40
06:45
06:50
06:55
07:00
Pluv2
Pluv1
Par(mm)
Pluv2
Pluv1
Par(mm)
BRAM 1km – Com Microfisica
Belem Campaign
Classification :
CCL: Costal Convective Line ( Propagation < 170 km)
SL1: Squall Line Type 1 ( 170 Km < Propagation < 400 km)
SL2: Squall Line Type 2 ( Propagation > 400 km)
SL2 – STM – Moved around Santarem = 56%
Radar de Apontamento Vertical
Pluviometros
Disdrometros Joss e parsivel
Field Mill
GPS
MP3000
Lidar
Torre Fluxo.
Umidade do Solo
Centro de Pluviometros
Operação Field Mill
GPS
Radar X-Dual
Triângulo de radiossondagem
GPS Meteorology in CHUVA Belem
(L. Sapucci, D. Adams, R. Fernandes, L. Tanaka)
Main Target Study: Warm Clouds, Cold Fronts, MCSs, SACZ and Local
Convection
Additional Data: S Band Radar and “Lightning Mapping Array” (LMA) – NOAA and NASA
– Steve Goodman
Posição do Radar e sitios.
Lightning Mapping Array (LMA)
Observations in CHUVA:
Overview of Plans
Richard Blakeslee / NASA Marshall Space Fight Center
Larry Carey / University of Alabama in Huntsville
Jeff Bailey / University of Alabama in Huntsville
1GOES-RProgram, NOAA/NESDIS, Greenbelt, MD2NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL,3UAHuntsville, Huntsville, AL,4Universities
Space Research Association,5University of Maryland, College Park, MD,6NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, OK
EUM/MTG/VWG/10/05
EUM/
67 Issue <No.>
AGU Fall meeting 2010
Slid
<Date>
e:
LMA - Lightning Mapping Array
Brazil
Paraguay
Argentina
Main Target Study: MCC and Cold Fronts
Foz do Iguaçu is located on the border of three countries: Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay, where MCSs
produce a large impact. More than the 80% of the precipitation is explained by those systems
Hailstorm climo derived from AMSR-E
Percentage of surface rain from 2A25 explained by MCSs over La Plata Basin
Partiticipation: Zipser, Houze, Ceci, Palio,......
Main Target Study: Organized and Local Convection from Warm and Ice Clouds
Additional Data: The ARM Climate Research Facility in the Amazon Basin (Scot Martin –
Havard University and several partners)
S Band Radar (SIPAM)
Manaus Campaign
Cloud-Aerosol-Precipitation Interactions
Aerosol effects on scattered cumulus clouds, especially the
aerosol radiative effect and with a special focus on the impact
of biomass burning aerosols;
Aerosol effects on deep convective clouds, precipitation, and
lightning under different aerosol and synoptic regimes,
including the roles of aerosols in changing regional climate and
atmospheric circulation; and
Improvement on parameterizations of aerosol-cloud
interactions in the climate models
The ARM Aerial Facility in Brazil
CHUVA – Equipamentos
Radiosonde RS92
HFP01 – soil heat plates (2) for the soil heat flux measurement
STP01 – soil temperature profile (5 sensors 2,5,10,20,50 cm)
altitude
Solid zone
Melting phase
Liquid phase
distance
Goal: use radar measurements to retrieve a physically-based representation
of the Vertical Profile of Reflectrivity and characterize links between
physical processes of rainfall at ground and aloft.
Ntm Zm Dom
N(D,
Z,
h)
Z(h)
g(
D
)
Z
Z
ZZ
Zo
Zo est fixé Z/Zo
Pierre Emmanuel Kirstetter 43/52
High resolution - BRAMS 1 km.
mm
BRAMS 1 km
Radar
X-POL
Modelo c/
microfísica
Modelo
radiativo Satélite IR
Microondas
Radar e a
técnica VPR
Disdro
metros
Simulações com BRAMS e RTTOV
1. Simulação com BRAMS:
Saída
Entrada Processamento
Profiles:
Rain, Snow, Graupel,
Estudos de casos BRAMS Aggregates,
Cloud-Water,
Cloud-Ice
Horário Dia 2/6 Dia 3/6 9/6 10/6 16/6 17/6 21/6 22/6
9:00 às 12:00 I) O Projeto CHUVA IV) Princípios básicos vI) O Uso do GPS na VIII) Radar de dupla XII) Camada Limite XIV) Camada Limite
da Modelagem em Meteorologia polarização Planetária: conceitos Planetária e o Processo
II) Satélites alta resolução básicos de Convecção
Meteorológicos e a (David - UEA) (Marc Adrian
observação em (Henrique Barbosa - Schneebeli - INPE) Gilberto Fisch (IAE-DCTA) Gilberto Fisch (IAE-DCTA
microondas. IFUSP)
(Luiz Machado-INPE)
14:00 às 17:00 III) Ferramentas para V) A parametrização VII) Microfísica das IX) Eletrificação das X) Estimativa de XI) Introduction to the XIII) Landscape and XV) Landscape and
Previsão imediata de nuvens e nuvens nuvens precipitação por LIDAR technique precipitation in the precipitation in the
utilizando radar e convecção satélite e Radar eastern Amazon Basin I eastern Amazon Basin II
satélites (Carlos Morales – IAG- (Carlos Morales – IAG- (Riad Bourayou – INPE)
(Henrique Barbosa - USP) USP) (Frederico Angelis – (David Fitzjarrald – (David Fitzjarrald –
(Luiz Machado-INPE) IFUSP) INPE) SUNY) SUNY)
Obrigado