Resolução Ficha 3

1. Dados 
  
r = a cos(t )i + asen(t ) j + bt 2 k ; a, b ,  são constantes.


 dr d
a) v = =
dt dt

a cos(t )i + asen(t ) j + bt 2 k 
   
v = a  senti + a  cos tj + 2btk

v = v x2 + v y2 + v z2

v = (a  sent ) + (a  cos t ) + (2bt )
2 2 2

v = (a ) (sen 2t + cos 2 t ) + (2bt )

 2 2


v = (a ) + (2bt )
2 2

R: v cresce com o tempo.


( )
 dv d   
a= = a  senti + a  cos tj + 2btk
dt dt 
  
a = −a 2 cos ti − a 2 sentj + 2bk

a = a x2 + a y2 + a z2

a = (− a cost ) + (− a sent ) + (2b)
2 2 2 2 2


a = (a ) + (cos t + sen t ) + (2b)
2 2 2 2 2


a = (a ) + (2b) ... R: a não depende do tempo.
2 2 2

   
b) r = a cos(t )i + asen(t ) j + bt 2 k
x(t ) = a cos(t )
 x2 y2 x2 y2
y (t ) = asen(t ) ; 2
= cos 2
t , 2
= sen 2t ; + =1
 a a a2 a2
z (t ) = bt 2 
R: A trajectória é uma espiral

2. Dados
 = t 2 + 2t − 1
 =?
 =?
d d 2
1)  = = (t + 2t − 1) ;  = 2t + 2 ;  = 2  2 + 2 = 6rad / s
dt dt
 d d
2)  = = (2t + 2) = 2rad / s 2
dt dt

3. Dados
54000m
v = 54km / h = = 15m / s
3600s
d = 80cm = 80  10 − 2 m
d
r= = 40  10 − 2 m = 0,4m
2
t = 1 min = 60s
v 15m / s
1) v =   r ;  = = ;  = 37 ,5rad / s
r 0,4m
n  37,5rad / s
2) t = n = f  t ; como  = 2f n= t ; n =  60s
f 2 2  3,14

n = 358 (rpm ) rotações por minuto

4. Dados
vr = 2km / h
vb = 4km / h
a) vbT = ?
  
vbT = v r + vb ; vbT = v r2 + vb2 ;
vbT = (2km / h )2 + (4km / h )2
= 20 km / h  4,5km / h

vr 2 1
b) tg = = − = − = −0,5
vb 4 2

 = arctg (− 0,5) ;  = −26,6 o

5. Dados
v AS = 250km / h
v BS = 200km / h
 = 30
v AB = ?
(N – Norte e W - Este)
    
v AB = v A − v B = v A + (− v B )

2
v AB = v A2 + v B2 − 2v A v B cos 
v AB = v A2 + v B2 − 2v A v B cos 
v AB = (250)2 + (200)2 − 2  250  200 cos 30 km / h
v AB = 62500 + 40000 − 86602 km / h
v AB = 15897 km / h
v AB = 126 km / h

Ou
     
v A = v Ax + v Ay = 250 j + 0i = 250 j
    
v B = v Bx + v By = 200 sen30 i + 200 cos 30 j
  
v AB = v A − v B = 250 j − (200sen30i + 200 cos 30 j )
  
   
v AB = 250 j − 200sen30i − 200 cos 30 j
  1 3
v AB = 250 j − 200 i − 200 j
2 2
 
(
v AB = −100i + 250 − 100 3 j
  

)  

v AB = −100i + (250 − 173) j = v AB = −100i + 77 j
v AB = v AB
2
+ v AB
2
= (− 100 )2 + 77 2 = 15929 km / h
v AB = 126 ,2km / h

Sistema fixo = Observador

6. Dados y y'
Sistema móvel = Trem
vTO = 200km / h
v BT = 100km / h A
v BO = ? 
   r
r = oo '+ r ' 
r'
 
dr d  dr '   
= (oo ') + ; v BO = vTO + v BT ; o o'
dt dt dt x x'
  
v BO = v BT + vTO

 
I. v BT  vTO z z'
v BO = v BT + vTO
v BO = (100 + 200 )km / h = 300 km / h
  
II. v BT  vTO
v BO = vTO − v BT = −v BT + vTO
v BO = (− 100 + 200 )km / h = 100 km / h

 
III. v BT + vTO
v BO = v BT
2
+ vTO
2
= 223,6km / h  224 km / h

7. Dados 
r = (6t 2 − 4t )i + (− 3t 2 ) j + 3k
  

r ' = (6t 2 + 3t )i + (− 3t 2 ) j + 3k
  



a) vQO =
drQ d
dt
=
dt
( ) (
 
)

  
6t 2 − 4t i + − 3t 2 j + 3k = (12t − 4)i + (− 6t ) j + 0k




v 'QO' =
drQ ' d
dt
=
dt
( ) (

) 
   
6t 2 + 3t i + − 3t 2 j + 3k = (12t + 3)i + (− 6t ) j + 0k
  
vO 'O = vQO − vQO '
   
vOO ' = (12t − 4)i + (− 6t ) j − (12t + 3)i + (− 6t ) j 

    
vOO ' = (12t − 4)i + (− 6t ) j − (12t + 3)i − (− 6t ) j
  
vOO ' = (12t − 4 − 12t − 3)i = −7i

v = 7m / s

  
Ou fazendo r = r − r ' e depois derivar vem
   
v = (12t − 4)i + (− 6t ) j − (12t + 3)i + (− 6t ) j 

    
v = (12t − 4)i + (− 6t ) j − (12t + 3)i − (− 6t ) j
  
v = (12t − 4 − 12t − 3)i = −7i

v = 7m / s

    
= (12t − 4)i + (− 6t ) j  = 12i − 6 j
 dv d
b) a =
dt dt
    
= (12t + 3)i + (− 6t ) j  = 12i − 6 j
 dv ' d
a' =
dt dt
 
a = a'

3. Dados
x max = 90 m
a) x max = v x .t ; v x = vox = vo cos 30 o ; x max = vo cos 30 .t …o tempo de percurso de x é o
mesmo tempo de subida mais o de descida.
Tempo de subida:
− voy voy vo sen
v y = voy − gt ; 0 = voy − gt ; t = = =
−g g g
Tempo de subida e descida será 2tsubida

v0 sen
2

t=2
g

v sen30 v0  2 cos 30  sen30

2

x max = v0 cos 30  2 0 =
g g
v  sen(2  30) v0  sen60
2 2

x max = 0 =
g g

g  x max g  x max 10m / s 2  90m

v0 = ; v0 = = = 32m / s
2

sen sen sen60 0

b) v = v x + v y
2 2

v x = v0 x = v0 cos  ,
x
v y = v0 y − gt = v0 sen − gt ; x = v0 cos .t ; t = =2,3s... o tempo é o mesmo
v0 cos
x
v y = v0 sen − g =-6,7m/s;
v0 cos
2
 
v= (vo cos  ) 2
+  v 0 sen  − g
x

 v 0 cos  
2
 
v = v cos  + (v0 sen )
x x
+  g  − 2v0 sen .g
2 2 2

 v0 cos   v0 cos 
o

g 2 .x 2 sen
v = vo2 cos 2  + vo2 sen 2 + − 2.gx
vo cos 
2 2
cos
 g .x 
(
v = vo2 cos 2  + sen 2 + g .x 2 ) − 2 .tg 

 o
v cos 2
 
 g .x 
v = v o2 + g .x 2 − 2.tg 
 vo cos 
2

  10 m / s 2 .63m 
v = 32 2 m 2 / s 2 + 10 m / s 2 .63m 2 2 2 2
− 2 .tg 30 
 32 m / s cos 30 
v = 28,5m / s

vy
Inclinação: a inclinação será dada por tg =
vx
 x
v y = vo sen30 − gt  v y = vo sen30 − g
 vo cos 30
v = v cos 30
 x o

x vo sen30vo cos 30 − gx
vo sen30 − g
vo cos 30 vo cos 30
tg = =
vo cos 30 vo cos 30
vo sen30vo cos 30 − gx vo2 sen30 cos 30 gx
tg = 2 2
= 2 2
− 2
vo cos 30 vo cos 30 vo cos 2 30
sen30 gx gx
tg = − 2 2
= tg 30 − 2
cos 30 vo cos 30 vo cos 2 30
3 10m / s 2  63m 3 630m 2 / s 2
tg = − = −
3
(32m / s ) 
2 3 3
1024m 2 / s 2 
3
4 4

3 210
tg = − = −0,24
3 256
 = arctg(− 0,24)
 = −14,99 o  −15o

1 2
c) y = voy .t − g.t
2
1 x
y = vo sen .t − g.t 2 t= x = 84m
2 vo cos
x 1 x2
y = vo sen . − g. 2
vo cos 2 vo cos 2 
x.sen 1 x2 1 x2
y= − g. 2 = tg . x − g .
cos 2 vo cos 2  2 vo2 cos 2 
1 84 2 m 2
y = 84m.tg 30 − 10m / s 2 .
2 (32m / s )2 cos 2 30
 3 7056m 2
y = 84 m. − 5m / s 2 .
3 3
1024m 2 / s 2 .
4
3 7056
y = 84 m. − 5m.
3 768
y = 48,50m. − 45,94m
a bola embate na parede
y = 2,56

vo = 80m / s
4.
t = 4s

a) v(2 ) = v x2(2 ) + v y2(2 ) e v(4 ) = v x2(4 ) + v y2(4 )

v x (2 ) = vox = 80 m / s
v y (2 ) = g.t (2 ) = 10 m / s 2 .2s = 20 m / s

v(2 ) = (80m / s )2 + (20m / s )2 = 6400m 2 / s 2 + 400m 2 / s 2

v(2 ) = 6800 m 2 / s 2
v(2 ) = 6800 m / s

v x (4 ) = vox = 80 m / s
v y (4 ) = g.t (4 ) = 10 m / s 2 .4s = 40 m / s

v(4 ) = (80m / s )2 + (40m / s )2 = 6400m 2 / s 2 + 1600m 2 / s 2

v(2 ) = 8000 m 2 / s 2
v(2 ) = 8000 m / s

b) x(t ) = v x .t = vox .t = 80 m / s.4s = 320 m

5. Dados
 

vo = 8i + 8 j
x = 3m
y o = 2m

x
x = v ox  t ; t = ... t é o tempo que a bola leva a atingir a parede.
vox
x 3m
v y = voy − gt ; v y = voy − g  ; v y = 8m / s − 10m / s 2  ; v y = 4,25 m / s
vox 8m / s
v y ... velocidade em y no instante do impacto na parede.
  
Porque a velocidade no eixo x não varia: v = 8i + 4,25 j

2
1 x 1  x 
y = y o + voy t − gt 2 ; y = y o + voy − g  ;
2 vox 2  vox 
2
3m 1  3m  9m
y = 2m + 8m / s − 10m / s 2   ; y = 2m + 3m − 5m / s
2
;
8m / s 2  8m / s  64m 2 / s 2
y = 4,30 m

v' y = v y − gt ... v' y é a velocidade no ponto mais alto que a bola atinge.
Como v ' y = 0 ,
vy vy
0 = v y − gt ; t = ; t max = 2 
g g
vy 4,25m / s
x1 = v x  t max ; x1 = v x  2  ; x1 = 8m / s  2  ; x1 = 6,8m
g 10m / s 2

1 2 1
y = yo + v y t + gt ; 4,3 = 0 + 4,25t + 10t 2 ; 5t 2 + 4,25t − 4,3 = 0
2 2
− 4,25  4,25 2 − 4  5  (− 4,3) − 4,25  18,0625 + 86
t1, 2 = =
25 10
− 4,25  10,2 t1 = 0,595s  0,6s
t1, 2 = =
10 t 2 = −1,445s
x 2 = v x  t1 ; x 2 = 8m / s  0,6s = 4,8m
xt = x1 + x 2 ; xt = 6,8m + 4,8m ; xt = 11,6m
x r = xt − x ; x r = 11,6m − 3m ; x r = 8,6m .
A bola cai a 8,6m do rapaz.

6. vo = 200 m / s ,  ... ângulo com a horizontal

h = y = 1500 m
sen = 0,6
cos = 0,8

a) x max = vox .t ...onde t é o tempo de queda

1
y (t ) = y o + voy .t + g.t 2
2

x = vo cos  .t ; x = vo  0,8  t = 0,8  200 m / s  t ; x = 160 m / s  t

1
y (t ) = y o + vo sen  t + g  t 2 considerando y o = 0 e no solo y (t ) = 1500 m .
2
1500 = 0 + 0,6  200  t + 5t 2 ;
 a
   b
   a

0 = − 1500m + 120m / s  t + 5m / s 2  t 2
− 120  120 2 − 4  5  (− 1500) − 120  120 2 + 30000
t1, 2 = =
25 10
− 120  14400 + 30000 − 120  44400 t1 = 9,07s
t1, 2 = = =
10 10 t 2 = −33,07s

O tempo de queda é t = 9,07 s

x = 160 m / s  t ; x = 160 m / s  9,07 s ;
x = 1451,2m

Ou simplificando a equação:
0 = −1500 + 120  t + 5t 2
t 2 + 24.t − 300 = 0
 = 24 2 − 4.(− 300)
 = 576 + 1200 = 1776
− 24  1776
t12 = =
2
− 24 + 42.14 18,14
t1 = = = 9,07 s
2 2

X = 160.t = 160.9 = 1451,2m

b) v = v x2 + v y2
v x = vo cos  = 200 m / s  0,8 = 160 m / s
v y = voy + gt = vo sen + gt
v y = 200m / s  0,6 + 10m / s 2  9,07 s
v y = 120m / s + 90,7m / s
v y = 210,7m / s

v= (160m / s )2 + (210,7m / s )2 = 25600m 2 / s 2 + 44394,49m 2 / s 2

v = 264,56m / s

y = 2x 2
7.
x = 3t
 y = 2(3t )2  y = 2  9t 2  y = 18t 2
a)  ; ;  ... Equações paramétricas
 x = 3t  x = 3 t  x = 3 t
  
   r (1) = 3  1i + 18  12
j
b) r(t ) = 3ti + 18t 2 j ;   
r(1) = 3i + 18 j


 dr d 
c) v = =
dt dt
(  
)     
3ti + 18t 2 j ; v(t ) = 3i + 36tj ; v(1) = 3i + 36 j

v = (3) + (36) = 9 + 1296 = 1305
2 2


v = 36,1m / s


d) Componente tangencial de a é:

 dv d   
a= = (3i + 36tj ); a = 36 m / s
dt dt
aT = a n2 + at2 ; aT2 = a n2 + at2 ; a n2 = a 2 − at2 ; a n = a 2 − at2

an = (36m / s ) − (35,9m / s )
2 2 2 2
= 2,99m / s 2

e) a n =
v2
; R=
v2
; R=
(36,1m / s ) = 435,86m2

R an 2,99m / s 2

f) Movimento curvilíneo uniformemente acelerado.