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Trade dress
O que
Trade Dress
Trade Dress
Trade Dress
Trade Dress
Arrangement
[1]
DELMANTO, Celso, Crimes de Concorrncia
Desleal, ed. Bushatsky, 1975, pg. 84.
"breastaurants"
Preponderncia do cone
No cone h no Se um simulacro
ou modelo reduzido do So.
A imagem-de-marca no s
simbolizada (arbitrariamente)
pelo significante, como este
funciona como um simulacro do
significado..
So
Re
Com a emergncia de
marcas tridimensionais e
proteo ao trade dress,
ocorre uma diluio do
papel do significante, que
se amolda ao referente
Se
So
Re
Pouillet
Pouillet
Pouillet
Envoltrio..
GAMA CERQUEIRA
[1]
CERQUEIRA, Joo da Gama, Tratado da
propriedade industrial volume II, tomo I, parte II . Rio de
Janeiro, Editora Forense, 1952, pg p. 378-379
Stephen Ladas
Danone
A anlise da
embalagem mostra
que a combinao de
cores quase
idntica, o que pode
gerar confuso entre
os consumidores.
(L.R. Companhia vs.
KLD AI 137.284
5/PR).
Funcionalidade: testes
Decision
The German Federal Supreme Court confirmed that the infringement courts
must accept the trademark registration as valid. However, the simple
enumeration of the features of the original MINI MAGLITE and the
conclusion that this design was copied almost identically was not sufficient to
accept infringement. The appellate court did not sufficiently examine the
overall impression of the three-dimensional mark of the plaintiff and its
scope of protection. Any feature that defines the form or is functional or
grants a particular value to the product can not contribute to the scope of
protection.
Hooters
Anlise econmica
Posner
Posner
Manual de exame
Scenes faire
A questo constitucional
Qualitex
Especificao de protees
EMENTA
DIREITO DA PROPRIEDADE INDUSTRIAL. TEORIA DA EQUIVALNCIA
ENTRE MARCA TRIDIMENSIONAL E MODELO DE UTILIDADE.
I Constitui aberratio finis legis guardar correspondncia entre os efeitos
do registro de uma marca tridimensional e de um modelo de utilidade de
um aparelho eltrico de barbear.
II A inovao tecnolgica agregada ao corpus mechanicus do barbeador
eltrico PHILISHAVE, consistente em um privilgio clausulado com prazo
de validade por fora de lei, no pode se transmudar em benefcio
perptuo, sob a forma de proteo de marca tridimensional vlida e
regularmente obtida.
III O registro de marca tridimensional ato em si vlido, que se outorga
ao titular para a exclusiva finalidade de distinguir os produtos de uma
fbrica e os objetos de um comrcio, ou para garantir sua procedncia ou
origem industrial ou comercial, e que por esse motivo recebe o seu
beneficirio a termo, o poder de evitar a sua indevida utilizao por
qualquer um que dela queira se aproveitar.
Especificao de protees
Decision
The European Court of Justice states inter alia that the
shape of the article in respect of which the sign is
registered does not require any capricious addition,
such as an embellishment which has no functional
purpose.
A sign consisting exclusively of the shape of a product
is unregistrable by virtue thereof if it is established that
the essential functional features of that shape are
attributable only to the technical result.
The grounds of refusal or invalidity of registration
imposed by the provision cannot be overcome by
establishing that there are other shapes which allow the
same technical result obtained.
One exception that can block the registration and validity of a threedimensional mark in general is contained in the law, namely Art. 3(1)(e) of
the Trademark Directive. The exclusion concerns among other things a
shape of goods which is necessary to obtain a technical result.
The ECJ had to interpret this provision in the Philips/Remington case. 5
The question was whether a mark representing a three-dimensional
picture of a shaver head is valid.
The ECJ came to the conclusion that it was the purpose of the statutory
provision to prevent an eternal monopoly, by way of trademark law, for
three-dimensional products for which normally (only) time-limited
protection under patent or design law is available. The Court took the view
that the realistic picture or drawing of a shaver head, as it was presented
in that case, was attributable only to the technical function of the product
Pagenberg: Trade Dress and the Three-Dimensional Mark - The Neglected
Children of Trademark Law? IIC 2004 Heft 7 831
Os requisitos explcitos
Meu entendimento:
A product design
trademark can never be
inherently distinctive and
is registrable only upon a
showing of secondary
meaning. Wal-Mart Stores,
Inc. v. Samara Brothers,
Inc., 529 U.S. 205, 212,
54 USPQ2d 1065, 1069
(2000); TMEP 1202.02(b)
(i).
Meu entendimento:
Funo
Como marca
A Europa
Processo T399/02
Eurocermex SA
contra
Instituto de Harmonizao do Mercado Interno
(marcas, desenhos e modelos)
(IHMI)
Marca comunitria Marca tridimensional Forma de uma garrafa Garrafa de gargalo
longo no qual est introduzida uma fatia de limo Motivos absolutos de recusa
Carcter distintivo Artigo 7., n. 1, alnea b), do Regulamento (CE) n. 40/94
Acrdo do Tribunal de Primeira Instncia (Segunda Seco) de 29 de Abril de 2004
Sumrio do acrdo
1. Marca comunitria Definio e aquisio da marca comunitria Motivos absolutos
de recusa Marcas desprovidas de carcter distintivo Marca tridimensional Forma de
um acondicionamento de bebida
[Regulamento n. 40/94 do Conselho, artigo 7., n. 1, alnea b)]
2. Marca comunitria Definio e aquisio da marca comunitria Motivos absolutos
de recusa Marcas desprovidas de carcter distintivo, descritivas ou de carcter usual
Excepo Aquisio do carcter distintivo pelo uso Critrios de apreciao
(Regulamento n. 40/94 do Conselho, artigo 7., n. 3)
A Europa
A Europa
A Europa
.
Em terceiro lugar, para apreciar, num caso concreto, a aquisio de
um carcter distintivo pelo uso, h que ter em conta factores como,
nomeadamente, a quota de mercado detida pela marca, a
intensidade, a rea geogrfica e a durao do uso dessa marca e a
importncia dos investimentos feitos pela empresa para a
promover.
Constituem meios de prova adequados para esse efeito,
nomeadamente, as declaraes das cmaras de comrcio e de
indstria ou de outras associaes profissionais e as sondagens
de opinio.
Em quarto lugar, a aquisio de um carcter distintivo pelo uso
deve ter lugar anteriormente apresentao do pedido de marca.
Israel
The IP Factor
May 4, 2008
Israel Patent Office Issues Guidance on 3D Trademarks
On 29 April 2008, the Commissioner of Patents, Dr. Meir Noam, issued
guidelines regarding registering 3D trademarks in Israel. see Circular
M.N. 61.
Essentially, Noams position is that objects such as packaging should be
protected by registered design law. Thus protection should last for up to 15
years, and only be available if the object in question was registered prior to
usage.
However, if it can be shown that due to sufficient usage, a bottle or other
package has aquired distinction, and the shape is more than functional or
aesthetic but indicative of content, it may be possible to register same as a
trademark.
Examples include pills, whiskey and perfume bottles, etc.
Secondary meaning
Clark Rubber
The Federal Court of Australia identified the relevant legal principles as:
a) that Clark Rubber stores were well known to the Australian public and
Australian consumers by reference to the distinctive Clark Rubber colour
scheme that they display and have displayed for many years
Clark Rubber
[1] TEIXEIRA, Cassiano Ricardo Golos. Trade Dress, p. 64. Monografia apresentada em Dezembro de 2005 como
requisito parcial obteno do grau de especialista em Direito da Propriedade Intelectual, Faculdades Integradas Curitiba.
[2] [Nota do original] No caso Sunbeam Products vs West Bend Co. (5th Cir. 1997), houve sucesso em provar que
American Classic Mixmaster tinha sentido secundrio, devido ao exclusivo e continuo uso por mais de 17 anos.
[3] [Nota do original] No caso First Brands Corp. vs Fred Meyer Inc. (9th Circ., 1987), o requerente ao tentar estabelecer o
sentido secundrio para o trade dress, encorajou os consumidores a olhar o produto como um todo (leo anti
enferrujamento), ao invs de to somente a tampa amarela.
[4] [Nota do original] Vision Sports Inc vs Melville Corp. (9th Circ. 1989).
Tizio v. Pargido
Tizio v. Pargido
The evidence the Court relied upon to find the lamp had
acquired secondary meaning was:
SS e percepo holstica
SS e percepo holstica
Confuso e dano
Viagra
The Court found that Fyna had not established that the balance
of convenience entitled it to the grant of interlocutory injunctive
relief. There was no evidence that the continued sales of
Cobannahs product in its current packaging would adversely
affect Fynas reputation because Cobannahs product was of
inferior quality as Fyna claimed.
There was simply no evidence of any irreparable harm to Fyna
and little evidence of harm to Fynas business generally. The
Court dismissed Fynas application for injunctive interlocutory
relief and ordered Fyna to pay Cobannahs costs.