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representatives of the working class. This happened in the first republican year. The Liga’s
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to analyze the electoral trajectory of the group.
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principalmente pelo fim dos tradicionais partidos imperiais, além da institucionalização da
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não chegavam a ser uma novidade nas dinâmicas políticas daquela época. A existência
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ser classificados como “trabalhadores nacionais”. O hino da Proclamação da República, por
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um artigo sobre esse tópico, onde se afirmava: “NmR Ki QR PRPHQWR DWXDO TXHVWmR DOJXPD
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Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência Política) – USP, São Paulo, 2006. p. 54.
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estreitar laços com sociedades congêneres, principalmente com a União Operária do Rio de
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de uma nova ordem era expressada pela antítese entre Monarquia e República, fiavam-se na
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consequência, com o fim “dos privilégios de qualquer natureza”, abria-se “um campo vasto”
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um ideal; reunamos em nosso grêmio todos os elementos operários”.
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depois esses artistas saíram pelas oficinas do Recife procurando outros trabalhadores
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SURLELomR GD FRQWUDWDomR GH DSUHQGL]HV TXH QmR VDLEDP OHU H HVFUHYHU RLWR KRUDV GH
trabalho nas oficinas; 3) medidas preventivas relativas a acidentes de trabalho; 4) redução
GH KRUDV GH WUDEDOKR SDUD DV PXOKHUHV H DXPHQWR GH VDOiULRV HOHYDomR GH WULEXWRV SDUD
PDQXIDWXUDV LPSRUWDGDV QR FDVR GH Mi H[LVWLUHP IDEULFDomR GRV PHVPRV SURGXWRV QR

&HQWUR GR 3DUWLGR 2SHUiULR 5HVSRVWD D D]HWD GH 1RWtFLDV 3DUD R 5HFLIH YHU SRU H[HPSOR 2 PDJQR
SUREOHPD VRFLDO -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH RXW 3HGDJRJLD -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH QRY
(P 6LOYLR 5RPHUR HVFUHYHX XPD VpULH GH DUWLJRV VREUH R WHPD QR R DO GR I H QDTXHOH PHVPR
DQR WUDWRX GR WHPD HP VXD SXEOLFDomR 520(52 6LOYLR R WUL D FR WUD GR WUL D R HYROXFLRQLVPR H R
SRVLWLYLVPR QD 5HS EOLFD GR %UDVLO 5LR GH -DQHLUR - % 1XQHV
6REUH R WHPD Ki DPSOD ELEOLRJUDILD 9HU SRU H[HPSOR 20(6 QJHOD 0DULD GH &DVWUR L H omR GR
WUDEDOKL PR 6mR 3DXOR 9pUWLFH (GLWRUD 5HYLVWD GRV 7ULEXQDLV 5LR GH -DQHLUR ,QVWLWXWR 8QLYHUVLWiULR GH
3HVTXLVDV GR 5LR GH -DQHLUR % 7 / R 3 16 5 , 0DUFRV 9LQtFLXV 2 PRYLPHQWR RSHUiULR H
D 5HS EOLFD 5H L WD ( W GR GH 6RFLRORJLD Y Q
/LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD LiULR GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH GH] /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD
LiULR GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH GH]
,ELGHP
,ELGHP
D]HWD GR 2SHUiULR 5HFLIH MXO IROKD WUD]LD HP VHX VORJDQ UJmR GDV FODVVHV DUWtVWLFDV H
LQGXVWULDLV D XQLmR ID] D IRUoD

0 GR GR 7UDEDOKR )ORULDQ SROLV Y S

H ,661 2, KWWSV GRL RUJ H
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HVWDGR GHPRFUDWL]DomR GRV FDSLWDLV SRU PHLR GH FDL[DV HFRQ PLFDV H PRQWHSLRV SDUD
RV YHOKRV H LQYiOLGRV GR WUDEDOKR
De certa maneira, essa pauta refletia o próprio caráter da formação daquele grupo,
combinando influências recentes provenientes das articulações com outras associações e
UHLYLQGLFDo HV GH XPD SDXWD LQWHUQDFLRQDO GR PRYLPHQWR RSHUiULR FRP REMHWLYRV H DWULEXLo HV
SUHVHQWHV HP RUJDQL]Do HV PXWXDOLVWDV /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD QmR VXUJLX FRP
D 5HS EOLFD IRL IXQGDGD HP PHDGRV GH PDV IRL D SDUWLU GH TXH SDVVRX D
apresentar na imprensa laços e filiações com organizações operárias de outros lugares do
país. Em suas páginas anunciavam as diretrizes de uma luta operária unificada ao redor do
PXQGR DR TXH UHIHULDP VH DRV LUPmRV GH DOpP PDU H j /LJD 2SHUiULD GH 1HZ RUN PDV
do ponto de vista propriamente organizacional, buscavam se filiar às organizações do Rio
GH -DQHLUR (P DQXQFLDYDP FRQH[ HV WDQWR FRP R JUXSR GR WHQHQWH -RVp XJXVWR
9LQKDHV TXDQWR FRP R 3DUWLGR 2SHUiULR GR WLS JUDIR /XL] )UDQoD H 6LOYD FKHJDQGR LQFOXVLYH
D UHFHEHU 5REHUWR .LQVPDQ %HQMDPLQ HP 5HFLIH TXDQGR HOH GHVHPSHQKDYD D IXQomR GH
SUHVLGHQWH SURYLV ULR GR 3DUWLGR 2SHUiULR HP e PXLWR SURYiYHO TXH R FRQWDWR FRP HVVH
conjunto de agremiações e movimentos de outros lugares do mundo tenha não só influenciado
D DGRomR GH SDXWDV HP WRUQR GD UHGXomR GD MRUQDGD GH WUDEDOKR H SRU PHOKRUHV FRQGLo HV
GH WUDEDOKR PDV WDPEpP LQVSLUDGR D OLQJXDJHP XWLOL]DGD SHOR JUXSR H RV VtPERORV DGRWDGRV
FRPR D FHOHEUDomR GR R GH PDLR H R RUJXOKR HP WUDMDU D EOXVD SUROHWiULD HP RSRVLomR j
DULVWRFUiWLFD FDVDFD GDV FODVVHV RSXOHQWDV
-i RXWUDV TXHVW HV DUYRUDGDV SHOR JUXSR FRPR D SURLELomR GD FRQWUDWDomR GH DSUHQGL]HV
DQDOIDEHWRV H D UHDOL]DomR GH LQLFLDWLYDV SUHYLGHQFLiULDV WUD]HP j WRQD XPD FRQWLQXLGDGH
GH SDXWDV TXH Mi YLQKDP VHQGR HPSUHHQGLGDV SHORV PHPEURV GD /LJD 2SHUiULD HP VXDV
experiências prévias no universo associativo pernambucano. Há um aspecto específico que
D /LJD 2SHUiULD RPLWLD HP VXDV SXEOLFDo HV PDV TXH p IXQGDPHQWDO SDUD HQWHQGHU D VXD

2 QRVVR SURJUDPD D]HWD GR 2SHUiULR 5HFLIH MXO

0DQLIHVWR D]HWD GR 2SHUiULR 5HFLIH MXO
(P /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD LiULR GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH RXW DQXQFLDYDP TXH UHIRUPDULDP
VHXV HVWDWXWRV VHJXQGR DV EDVHV GR &RUSR &ROHWLYR 8QLmR 2SHUiULD D DVVRFLDomR IXQGDGD SRU GLYHUVRV
DUWLVWDV GR 5LR GH -DQHLUR /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH IHY &RQWDYDP
HP VXDV ILOHLUDV FRP PXLWRV PHPEURV FpOHEUHV GR PRYLPHQWR UHSXEOLFDQR DWXDQGR HQTXDQWR FRQVHOKHLURV HP
PHLR DRV VHXV TXDGURV FRQVXOWLYRV (VVH FRQWDWR FRP D DJUHPLDomR GR 5LR GH -DQHLUR IRL IHLWR LQFOXVLYH SRU
LQWHUPpGLR GR GHSXWDGR UHSXEOLFDQR GH 3HUQDPEXFR OFRIRUDGR -XQLRU H GR OLEHUDO IRQVR &HOVR TXH YDOH
destacar, foi ministro da Marinha no Império); Com a República, suas publicações passaram a fazer referência
jV OLGHUDQoDV GRV SDUWLGRV RSHUiULRV GR 5LR GH -DQHLUR 9HU SRU H[HPSOR /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD LiULR
GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH GH] H DV PDWpULDV GD D]HWD GR 2SHUiULR 5HFLIH MXO VREUH
R &RUSR &ROHWLYR 8QLmR 2SHUiULD YHU &267 5DIDHO 0DXO GH &DUYDOKR H FUD LGmR OL UH D RUWH
HVFUDYL]DGRV PRUDOPHQWH OXWDP FRQWUD D HVFUDYLGmR GH IDWR 5LR GH -DQHLUR QR SURFHVVR GD DEROLomR 7HVH
RXWRUDGR HP LVW ULD 8)) 1LWHU L S % 7 / &ODXGLR 0 RUJ LFLR iULR GR PR LPH WR
RSHUiULR 5LR GH -DQHLUR GR VpFXOR ;,; DRV DQRV PLOLWDQWHV H RUJDQL]Do HV 6mR 3DXOR )XQGDomR
3HUVHX EUDPR
2 QRVVR SURJUDPD D]HWD GR 2SHUiULR 5HFLIH MXO R DQXQFLDU DV FRPHPRUDo HV TXH HVWDYDP
RUJDQL]DQGR SDUD R ˚ de maio de 1891, o grupo destacava a influência do movimento operário para justificar
D DGHVmR jTXHOD HIHPpULGH ILUPDYDP TXH D GDWD VLPEROL]DYD XPD FRQTXLVWD XP IDWR LQROYLGiYHO @ QD
(XURSD RV RSHUiULRV GD OHPDQKD H GD )UDQoD SURPRYHUDP UXLGRVDV PDQLIHVWDo HV TXH QHP VHPSUH WLYHUDP
R VHOR GD RUGHP H WUDQTXLOLGDGH H FRQFOXtDP TXH HP 5HFLIH HOHV WDPEpP FHOHEUDULDP D GDWD HP FRPXQKmR
FRP VHXV LUPmRV GH DOpP PDU /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD LiULR GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH PDLR 2
UHFXUVR j EOXVD SUROHWiULD HUD SXUDPHQWH UHW ULFR UHPRQWDYD j LQGXPHQWiULD GH WUDEDOKR GH DUWtILFHV IUDQFHVHV
XWLOL]DGD QR VpFXOR ;,; p SRXFR SURYiYHO TXH R PHVPR WUDMH IRVVH XWLOL]DGR QR %UDVLO 6REUH R WHPD YHU
% 7 / &ODXGLR 0 JHRJUDILD DVVRFLDWLYD DVVRFLDo HV RSHUiULDV SURWHVWR H HVSDoR XUEDQR QR 5LR GH
-DQHLUR GD 3ULPHLUD 5HS EOLFD , (9( 2 (OFLHQH DO @ 7UDEDOKDGRUH D FLGDGH FRWLGLDQR H FXOWXUD
QR 5LR GH -DQHLUR H HP 6mR 3DXOR VpFXORV ;,; H ;; &DPSLQDV (GLWRUD GD 8QLFDPS S

0 GR GR 7UDEDOKR )ORULDQ SROLV Y S

H ,661 2, KWWSV GRL RUJ H
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existência: até 1890, todos os seus membros trabalhavam nas oficinas do Arsenal da Marinha.
Essa opção pela não identificação do grupo com o lugar de trabalho de seus membros era
FRHUHQWH FRP R SURMHWR GH UHSUHVHQWDU WRGRV RV DUWLVWDV H RSHUiULRV GD FLGDGH GR 5HFLIH GH
PRGR TXH HOHV VH DSUHVHQWDYDP VLPSOHVPHQWH FRPR DUWLVWDV QmR FRPR DUWLVWDV GR UVHQDO
2V OLPLWHV H D QDWXUH]D GD DWXDomR GD /LJD SRGHP VHU VXEVWDQFLDOPHQWH DSUHHQGLGRV D SDUWLU
GH GDGRV OHYDQWDGRV DWUDYpV GR PpWRGR GH SHVTXLVD QRPLQDWLYR ,QYHVWLJDo HV HP WRUQR GRV
QRPHV GH RSHUiULRV TXH ID]LDP SDUWH GH VXD GLUHWRULD H GH FRPLVV HV QR DQR GH
revelam que, além de um perfil social semelhante, uma parte considerável de seus membros
Mi DWXDYD HP DVVRFLDo HV GH DX[tOLRV P WXRV
6H HP D /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD EXVFDYD VH DYHQWXUDU QDV WUDPDV HOHLWRUDLV
antes disso, a associação tinha basicamente um caráter mutualista, baseado na assistência e
SURWHomR VRFLDO D VHXV V FLRV 2 DUWLJR ˚ de seus estatutos evidenciava que cabia à DJUHPLDomR
socorrer seus afiliados “quando enfermos ou impossibilitados de trabalhar, e contribuir aos
VHXV HQWHUUDPHQWRV Cinco de seus diretores já haviam conduzido uma associação com fins
VHPHOKDQWHV QR FRPHoR GRV DQRV D 6RFLHGDGH UWtVWLFD GRV &DUSLQWHLURV GH &RQVWUXomR
1DYDO H RXWURV FLQFR HVWDYDP j IUHQWH GR 0RQWHSLR %RP 6XFHVVR HVVH OWLPR GH GXUDomR
PDLV ORQJHYD H[LVWLX DWp
(P VHX PHWLFXORVR HVWXGR VREUH DV UHODo HV GH WUDEDOKR QR UVHQDO GD 0DULQKD GR
Rio de Janeiro, David Lacerda dedicou um capítulo específico a esse tema. Pontuando que,
GXUDQWH D PDLRU SDUWH GR VpFXOR ;,; DV PXWXDLV WRUQDUDP VH D SULQFLSDO IRUPD RUJDQL]DWLYD
GRV WUDEDOKDGRUHV OLYUHV DS V D DEROLomR GDV FRUSRUDo HV GH RItFLR SHOD &RQVWLWXLomR GH
H R DXWRU HYLGHQFLD FRPR HVVD HVWUXWXUD DVVRFLDWLYD IRL IXQGDPHQWDO SDUD D FRQVWUXomR H R
IRUWDOHFLPHQWR GH VROLGDULHGDGHV KRUL]RQWDLV QRV PXQGRV GR WUDEDOKR
6 QD &RUWH RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV GD FRQVWUXomR QDYDO FKHJDUDP D IXQGDU HQWLGDGHV
GR WLSR HQWUH H SURIXVmR GHVVHV HPSUHHQGLPHQWRV UHODFLRQDYD VH DR JUDQGH
contingente de operários que laboravam naquelas oficinas gozando relativa estabilidade
enquanto assalariados, mas a expressiva demanda de filiação às mutuais justificava-se
SULQFLSDOPHQWH SHODV iUGXDV FRQGLo HV GH WUDEDOKR &RP MRUQDGDV TXH SRGLDP YDULDU GH

e LPSRUWDQWH UHVVDOWDU TXH D SDUWLU GD VHJXQGD PHWDGH GR VpFXOR ;,; DV PXWXDLV SDVVDUDP D GHL[DU GH
lado a identificação por ofício e profissão, em uma tendência de ampliação de solidariedade horizontal que
SDXODWLQDPHQWH IRL VH ILUPDQGR HP WRUQR GR FRQMXQWR GD FODVVH / &(5 DYLG 3 0XWXDOLVPR WUDEDOKR
H SROtWLFD D VHomR GR &RQVHOKR GH (VWDGR H D RUJDQL]DomR GRV WUDEDOKDGRUHV QD FLGDGH GR 5LR GH -DQHLUR
, 0 & &25 0DUFHOR % 7 / &ODXGLR 0 RUJ 2UJD L]DU H SURWHJHU WUDEDOKDGRUHV
DVVRFLDo HV H PXWXDOLVPR QR %UDVLO VpFXORV ;,; H ;; &DPSLQDV (GLWRUD GD 8QLFDPS
2V QRPHV GRV WUDEDOKDGRUHV TXH ID]LDP SDUWH GD /LJD IRUDP H[WUDtGRV GH /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD
LiULR GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH PDLR &LUFXODU -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH MXO
2 QRVVR SURJUDPD D]HWD GR 2SHUiULR 5HFLIH MXO (P VHWHPEUR GH D &kPDUD GRV HSXWDGRV
MXOJRX XPD HPHQGD DXWRUL]DQGR R SHVVRDO GR UVHQDO GD 0DULQKD GH 3HUQDPEXFR D RUJDQL]DU 0RQWHSLR VRE
DV EDVHV TXH MXOJDUHP FRQYHQLHQWHV @ FDEHQGR j /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD DV DWULEXLo HV UHODWLYDV j
LQVWLWXLomR &kPDUD GRV HSXWDGRV LiULR GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH VHW
D SULPHLUD VRFLHGDGH ID]LDP SDUWH RV RSHUiULRV -RmR 3DXOR GD 3XUH]D SUHVLGHQWH /XL] GH )UDQoD 3UD[HGHV
0DQRHO RPHV 6DUDLYD -RVp )HUQDQGHV 0RUHLUD H DYLG )UDQFLVFR HQWLO -i QD GLUHWRULD GR 0RQWHSLR %RP
6XFHVVR -RmR %DSWLVWD GH -HVXV 0DQRHO )UDQFLVFR 3HUHLUD GD &XQKD -RVp &DODVDQV GH )LJXHLUHGR -RVp
)UDQFLVFR GDV &KDJDV 5LEHLUR H %HQLJQR GH )LJXHLUHGR
/ &(5 DYLG 3 7UDEDOKR SROtWLFD H ROLGDULHGDGH RSHUiULD XPD KLVW ULD VRFLDO GR UVHQDO GH 0DULQKD
GR 5LR GH -DQHLUR F F 7HVH RXWRUDGR HP LVW ULD 8QLFDPS &DPSLQDV 3DUD HVVH
SDUiJUDIR H R VHJXLQWH IRUDP FRQVXOWDGRV RV FDStWXORV H
(P UHODomR j HVWDELOLGDGH GRV DUWLVWDV GR UVHQDO GD 0DULQKD GH 3HUQDPEXFR TXDQGR HVVH HVWDEHOHFLPHQWR
WHYH VXDV DWLYLGDGHV HQFHUUDGDV HP FRQWDYD HP VXDV RILFLQDV FRP PDLV GH RSHUiULRV TXH Mi WLQKDP
HQWUH H DQRV GH VHUYLoRV SUHVWDGRV ([WLQomR GRV DUVHQDLV -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH MDQ

0 GR GR 7UDEDOKR )ORULDQ SROLV Y S

H ,661 2, KWWSV GRL RUJ H
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10 a 18 horas, em um regime que se estendia de segunda a sábado, em oficinas muitas

YH]HV LQVDOXEUHV RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV GRV UVHQDLV YLYLDP H[SRVWRV D XPD URWLQD GH H[SUHVVLYD
insegurança e precariedade. Os casos de acidentes nas oficinas eram regulares.
0XLWRV GRV PHPEURV GD /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD QmR ID]LDP SDUWH DSHQDV GH
associações mutualistas de caráter profissional. Dos 28 artistas pesquisados, pelo menos
HUDP PHPEURV GH LUPDQGDGHV FDW OLFDV GLYHUVDV FRPR DV GH 6mR -RVp GH 5LEDPDU 6mR
%HQHGLWR 1RVVD 6HQKRUD GR 5RViULR H RXWUDV TXH GH XPD PDQHLUD RX GH RXWUD GLYLGLDP
VXDV DWLYLGDGHV GHYRFLRQDLV FRP D SUHVWDomR GH VHUYLoRV GH SURWHomR SULQFLSDOPHQWH GH
assistência funerária. V LUPDQGDGHV FLWDGDV UHPHWHP DR XQLYHUVR DVVRFLDWLYR QHJUR GR %UDVLO
QRV VpFXORV ;9,,, H ;,; (P WRUQR GH LUPDQGDGHV GHYRWDGDV DRV PHVPRV VDQWRV DIULFDQRV
H VHXV GHVFHQGHQWHV VH RUJDQL]DUDP HP GLYHUVDV SDUWHV GR SDtV FULDQGR ODoRV LGHQWLWiULRV
próprios e redes de assistência social de maneira ampla e diversa, como a historiografia vem
GHPRQVWUDQGR QRV OWLPRV DQRV
Wp R FRPHoR GR VpFXOR ;,; DOJXPDV LUPDQGDGHV WDPEpP GHVHPSHQKDUDP XP SDSHO
IXQGDPHQWDO QD RUJDQL]DomR GR WUDEDOKR VHGLDQGR FRUSRUDo HV GH RItFLR TXH GHWLQKDP
R SULYLOpJLR GR HQVLQR GDV DUWHV PHFkQLFDV H R PRQRS OLR QR IRUQHFLPHQWR GH SURGXWRV H
VHUYLoRV GH FDWHJRULDV HVSHFLDOL]DGDV 6LWXDomR TXH PXGRX HP TXDQGR D &RQVWLWXLomR
GHWHUPLQRX D H[WLQomR GDV FRUSRUDo HV GH RItFLR OHL VXVSHQGLD HVVH WLSR GH RUJDQL]DomR
PDV FRPR 0DUFHOR 0DF &RUG GHPRQVWURX HP VHXV HVWXGRV DV LPSRVLo HV QRUPDWLYDV QmR
WLYHUDP D FDSDFLGDGH GH GLVVLSDU DV SUiWLFDV H RV FRVWXPHV FRUSRUDWLYRV GRV PHVWUHV GH RItFLR
HP 5HFLIH 0HVWUHV FDUSLQWHLURV SHGUHLURV PDUFHQHLURV H WDQRHLURV TXH VH RUJDQL]DYDP HP
WRUQR GD FRQIUDULD HPEDQGHLUDGD GH 6mR -RVp GH 5LEDPDU VH DGHTXDUDP j QRYD UHDOLGDGH
QRUPDWLYD UHIRUPDQGR RV HVWDWXWRV GD LUPDQGDGH H IXQGDQGR XPD DVVRFLDomR ODLFD D
Sociedade das Artes Mecânicas, que depois veio a se chamar Sociedade Imperial dos Artífices
0HFkQLFRV H /LEHUDLV

V RXWUDV LUPDQGDGHV HP TXH VH SRGHP HQFRQWUDU HVVHV RSHUiULRV HP SRVWRV GH GLUHomR VmR 1RVVD 6HQKRUD
do Bom Parto (da qual faziam parte três dos diretores da Liga), Bom Jesus das Dores, Bom Senhor dos Passos,
6DQWD &HFtOLD 6mR &ULVSLP H 1RVVD 6HQKRUD GR /LYUDPHQWR (YHQWXDLV SXEOLFDo HV GD LPSUHQVD HYLGHQFLDP
ODoRV GRV RSHUiULRV GR UVHQDO FRP DV LUPDQGDGHV (UD FRPXP SRU H[HPSOR TXH D EDQGD GR UVHQDO WRFDVVH
QDV IHVWDV GH ERD SDUWH GHVVDV LUPDQGDGHV (P XP RSHUiULR GR UVHQDO SURWHVWRX QD LPSUHQVD FRQWUD
XP FDSLWmR TXH SURLELX TXH IRVVH IHLWD XPD RUQDPHQWDomR QR UVHQDO HP FHOHEUDomR GD SURFLVVmR GH TXDUHVPD
UHDOL]DGD SHOD LUPDQGDGH GH %RP 6HQKRU GRV 3DVVRV (VVH RSHUiULR DILUPDYD TXH Ki FHUFD GH DQRV
HOH HUD R HQFDUUHJDGR GD RUQDPHQWDomR GR DOWDU MXQWR DR UVHQDO H DUJXPHQWDYD TXH VHPSUH HQFRQWURX
nos “Srs. Inspetores daquele estabelecimento boa vontade e aquiescência”. O operário afirmava, por fim, ser
FDW OLFR DSRVW OLFR URPDQR PHPEUR GH GLYHUVDV FRQIUDULDV H LUPDQGDGHV FKDSD LiULR GH 3HU DPE FR
5HFLIH DJR
3DUD FLWDU DOJXQV WtWXORV 0 57,16 0 QLFD GH 6RX]D 1 ( WUH D FU ] H R FDSLWDO DV FRUSRUDo HV GH RItFLR QR
5LR GH -DQHLUR DS V D FKHJDGD GD IDPtOLD UHDO 5LR GH -DQHLUR DUDPRQG 0 57,16 0 QLFD
GH 6RX]D 1 SUiWLFD GR DX[tOLR P WXR QDV FRUSRUDo HV GH RItFLR QR 5LR GH -DQHLUR QD SULPHLUD PHWDGH GR
VpFXOR ;,; , 0 & &25 0DUFHOR % 7 / &ODXGLR 0 RUJ 2UJD L]DU H SURWHJHU WUDEDOKDGRUHV
DVVRFLDo HV H PXWXDOLVPR QR %UDVLO VpFXORV ;,; H ;; &DPSLQDV (GLWRUD GD 8QLFDPS 5( ,1 / 2
/XFLOHQH 2 UR iULR GR D JROD LUPDQGDGHV GH DIULFDQRV H FULRXORV QD %DKLD VHWHFHQWLVWD 6mR 3DXOR
ODPHGD 0 & &25 0DUFHOR 2 UR iULR GH W LR LUPDQGDGHV QHJUDV DOLDQoDV H FRQIOLWRV QD
KLVW ULD VRFLDO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH (G 8QLYHUVLWiULD GD 8)3( 5(,6 -RmR -RVp ,GHQWLGDGH H
GLYHUVLGDGH pWQLFDV QDV LUPDQGDGHV QHJUDV QRV WHPSRV GD HVFUDYLGmR 7HPSR 5LR GH -DQHLUR Y Q
7DQWR HVVH SDUiJUDIR TXDQWR R VHJXLQWH VH EDVHLDP HP 0 & &25 0DUFHOR UWtILFH GD FLGDGD LD
PXWXDOLVPR HGXFDomR H WUDEDOKR QR 5HFLIH RLWRFHQWLVWD &DPSLQDV (GLWRUD GD 8QLFDPS IRWR
GRV PHPEURV GHVVD VRFLHGDGH WDPEpP IRL WLUDGD GHVVH OLYUR OJXPDV GDV SULQFLSDLV WHVHV GR OLYUR IRUDP
FRQGHQVDGDV SHOR DXWRU HP 0 & &25 0DUFHOR 5HGHV GH VRFLDELOLGDGH H SROtWLFD PHVWUHV GH REUDV H
DVVRFLDWLYLVPR QR 5HFLIH RLWRFHQWLVWD 5H L WD 0 GR GR 7UDEDOKR Y Q DJR GH]

0 GR GR 7UDEDOKR )ORULDQ SROLV Y S

H ,661 2, KWWSV GRL RUJ H
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V PXGDQoDV LQVWLWXFLRQDLV JDUDQWLUDP DR JUXSR XP HVSDoR SULYLOHJLDGR GH QHJRFLDomR

com as elites dirigentes. Capitalizando a ausência de iniciativas do poder público em oferecer
ensino profissional, os artífices assumiram esse papel e, a partir da conquista de consideráveis
repasses financeiros provenientes do erário público, passaram a oferecer aulas técnicas e de
HQVLQR VHFXQGiULR 2 HPSUHHQGLPHQWR TXH HUD JHULGR VRE D pJLGH GH XPD DFHQWXDGD PRUDO
FRUSRUDWLYD JDUDQWLX D HVVHV PHVWUHV GH RItFLR UHVSHLWR H SUHVWtJLR VRFLDO DOpP GH DOJXP
WUkQVLWR SHORV FtUFXORV GH SRGHU QD SURYtQFLD R TXH DFDERX SRU JDUDQWLU DR JUXSR XPD SRVLomR
proeminente em meio ao mercado de edificações da capital pernambucana. Ainda há uma
TXHVWmR IXQGDPHQWDO SDUD HQWHQGHU D LPSRUWkQFLD GHVVD VRFLHGDGH WRGRV RV PHVWUHV TXH D
JHULUDP GXUDQWH GpFDGDV VH GHFODUDYDP SUHWRV RX SDUGRV

,PDJHP , 0HPEUR GD 6RFLHGDGH GH UWtILFH 0HFk LFR H LEHUDL

HP IUH WH DR LFH

3DODFHWH GR /LFHX GH UWHV H 2ItFLRV GR 5HFLIH )RWRV UPiULR QHJDWLYR 5LR GH

-DQHLUR %LEOLRWHFD 1DFLRQDO %1 &267 0HQQD GD LFH GH UWH H 2ItFLR 3( PHPEURV
GD 6RFLHGDGH GRV UWLVWDV 0HFkQLFRV H /LEHUDLV GHWDOKH GD IRWR D G 0 & &25 0DUFHOR
UWtILFH GD FLGDGD LD PXWXDOLVPR HGXFDomR H WUDEDOKR QR 5HFLIH RLWRFHQWLVWD &DPSLQDV (GLWRUD
GD 8QLFDPS

Essa digressão em torno da história dos artífices não é fortuita, pois muitos dos operários
GR DUVHQDO SDVVDUDP SHORV EDQFRV GR /LFHX GH UWHV H 2ItFLRV LQVWLWXLomR JHULGD SHOD
Sociedade Imperial dos Artífices Mecânicos e Liberais. E na própria diretoria da Liga Operária
3HUQDPEXFDQD KDYLD XP FRQVHOKHLUR GDTXHOD VRFLHGDGH 0DV SDUD DOpP GLVVR R TXH SUHWHQGR
destacar é que o movimento operário em Recife surgiu enquanto ramificação de uma sólida
base de experiências fomentadas em um universo associativo essencialmente negro que
RUELWDYD HP WRUQR GH LUPDQGDGHV H FRQIUDULDV FDW OLFDV LQYHVWLJDomR GRV PHPEURV GD /LJD
Operária Pernambucana evidencia a existência de uma rede de trabalhadores negros que se
RUJDQL]DYDP DR PHVPR WHPSR HP DVVRFLDo HV YROWDGDV j DWXDomR SROtWLFD VRFLDO H FXOWXUDO
1mR GHL[D GH VHU VLPE OLFR GD IRUoD GDV DQWLJDV DVVRFLDo HV TXH PHVPR GHSRLV GH
SDVVDGDV WDQWDV GpFDGDV GHVGH D SURLELomR GDV FRUSRUDo HV GH RItFLRV D &RQIUDULD GH 1RVVD
6HQKRUD GR 5RViULR H D &RQIUDULD GH 6mR %HQHGLWR VH PDQWLYHVVHP HP DWLYLGDGH DWp SHOR
menos, o começo do século XX, tendo em suas fileiras, ainda na década de 1880, velhos

0 GR GR 7UDEDOKR )ORULDQ SROLV Y S

H ,661 2, KWWSV GRL RUJ H
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DIULFDQRV 3HOR PHQRV TXDWUR PHPEURV GD /LJD 2SHUiULD WDPEpP ID]LDP SDUWH GDV GLUHWRULDV
dessas confrarias que, naqueles anos finais do século XIX, se prestavam a fins mutuais e
GHYRFLRQDLV LQGD TXH HVVD SHVTXLVD QmR WHQKD WLGR I OHJR SDUD EXVFDU QD GRFXPHQWDomR
PDLRUHV GHWDOKHV VREUH D URWLQD GHVVDV FRQIUDULDV QmR SDVVD GHVSHUFHELGR R HVIRUoR GH DOJXQV
GH VHXV PHPEURV HP SUHVHUYDU H GLIXQGLU D PHP ULD GH HQULTXH LDV R OLEHUWR TXH FRPDQGRX
um batalhão de negros durante a Insurreição Pernambucana e que virou fidalgo após os
VXFHVVRV QRV FDPSRV GH EDWDOKD FRQTXLVWDQGR R WtWXOR GH RYHUQDGRU GRV &ULRXORV 1HJURV
H 0XODWRV IRUD DV IHVWLYLGDGHV TXH DQXDOPHQWH RUJDQL]DYDP GLDQWH GD FDSHOD HUJXLGD HP
KRPHQDJHP DR KHU L GH JXHUUD p SRVVtYHO TXH HVVHV DUWLVWDV QHJURV WDPEpP WUDEDOKDVVHP
SHOD PDQXWHQomR GR WHPSOR e R TXH VH SUHVXPH GR DUWLJR SXEOLFDGR SHOR RSHUiULR PHFkQLFR
%HQLJQR GH )LJXHLUHGR TXH HUD VtQGLFR GD /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD (P XPD SHTXHQD
FROXQD GR i R G DPE R HOH FRQYRFDYD VHXV LUPmRV FDW OLFRV D DJLUHP HP DSHOR
j FDSHOLQKD FHGLGD DR WHUoR GR KHU L HQULTXH LDV TXH@ HVWi GHVPRURQDQGR 1HJURV H
PHVWLoRV LGH WRGRV Y V UHFRQVWUXLU DTXHOH PDUFR VXEOLPDGR TXH GHVDSDUHFH GD KLVW ULD
/DERUHPRV
OXWD SHOR DEROLFLRQLVPR HUD RXWUD OLQKD GH DWXDomR TXH VH GLVWHQGLD GHVVDV UHGHV GH
WUDEDOKDGRUHV (P SRU H[HPSOR IXQGDUDP R 1 FOHR UWtVWLFR EROLFLRQLVWD TXH DS V R
GH PDLR TXDQGR RV REMHWLYRV GD DVVRFLDomR IRUDP DOFDQoDGRV VH WRUQRX R 1 FOHR UWtVWLFR
H ,QVWUXWLYR 2 SUHVLGHQWH GHVVD DJUHPLDomR HUD R PDUFHQHLUR (OHXWpULR -RVp GRV 6DQWRV TXH
WDPEpP HUD PHPEUR GD PHVD GD &RQIUDULD GH 1RVVD 6HQKRUD GR 5RViULR FRQVHOKHLUR GR
Montepio Bom Sucesso e fez parte da Liga Operária. Perfil muito semelhante ao de David Gentil,
FDUSLQWHLUR TXH IRL XP GRV SULQFLSDLV DUWLFXODGRUHV GD /LJD 2XWURV PHPEURV GH LUPDQGDGHV
QHJUDV WDPEpP DWXDYDP QR 1 FOHR PDV DR FRQWUiULR GR TXH R QRPH GHVVD DVVRFLDomR SRGH
VXJHULU R 1 FOHR UWtVWLFR EROLFLRQLVWD QmR HUD FRPSRVWR DSHQDV GH DUWLVWDV RV EDFKDUpLV
QHJURV )HOLFLDQR QGUp RPHV H 0DQRHO GD 0RWWD 0RQWHLUR /RSHV WDPEpP FRPSXQKDP VHXV
TXDGURV R SULPHLUR HQTXDQWR RUDGRU H R VHJXQGR DWXDQGR FRPR SULPHLUR VHFUHWiULR
,UPDQGDGHV FRQIUDULDV PRQWHSLRV VRFLHGDGHV DEROLFLRQLVWDV /LFHX GH UWHV H
2ItFLRV DR ORQJR GR VpFXOR ;,; RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV PDQXDLV FRP SUHGRPLQkQFLD GRV SUHWRV
H SDUGRV IXQGDUDP H JHULUDP XPD VpULH GH DVVRFLDo HV RQGH FRQVHJXLUDP FULDU HVSDoRV
GH DXWRQRPLD HP WRUQR GH LGHDLV FRQIUDWHUQDLV H ODoRV GH VROLGDULHGDGH (QWUH D GHYRomR

2V GRLV FRQIUDGHV DIULFDQRV VH FKDPDYDP )RUWXQDWR GH 6RX]D LDV GD &RQIUDULD GH 6mR %HQHGLWR H -RVp
GD &RVWD 0LQD GD &RQIUDULD GH 1RVVD 6HQKRUD GR 5RViULR 6HFUHWDULD GD &RQIUDULD GH 6mR %HQHGLWR LiULR
GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH PDLR (OHLomR GH &RQIUDULD LiULR GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH RXW
&RQIUDULD GH 6mR %HQHGLWR GR 5HFLIH -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH PDLR &RQIUDULD GH 6mR %HQHGLWR
3UR t FLD 5HFLIH DJR 3UR t FLD 5HFLIH RXW
GLVWkQFLD HP UHODomR j LGHQWLGDGH RULJLQiULD GHVVDV FRQIUDULDV WDPEpP VH H[SUHVVD QD GLYHUVLGDGH GH
WUDEDOKDGRUHV XUEDQRV TXH VH ID]LDP UHSUHVHQWDU HP VHXV TXDGURV PHVPR TXH H[LVWLVVH XPD SUHSRQGHUkQFLD
GH DUWLVWDV PHFkQLFRV KDYLD WDPEpP HP VXDV ILOHLUDV XP FR]LQKHLUR XP FRQWtQXR XP WDOKDGRU H XP MRUQDOHLUR
6HFUHWDULD GD &RQIUDULD GH 1RVVD 6HQKRUD GR 5RViULR -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH MXO
MATTOS, Hebe. Da guerra preta às hierarquias de cor no Atlântico português. , ;;,9 6,03 6,2 1 &,21 /
( ,67 5, 6mR /HRSROGR 56 DL @ 6mR /HRSROGR 138 RUJ 8QLVLQRV
5HOLJLmR LiULR GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH DEU
1 FOHR UWtVWLFR EROLFLRQLVWD -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH ˚ mar. 1888.
3HWU QLR RPLQJXHV XWLOL]D R WHUPR DVVRFLDWLYLVPR QHJUR SDUD GHVFUHYHU XP IOX[R PXLWR SDUHFLGR GH DWXDomR
FROHWLYD HP DVVRFLDo HV GLULJLGDV SRU KRPHQV GH FRU QR 5LR GH -DQHLUR LQGD TXH FRP REMHWLYRV H IRUPDWRV
GLIHUHQWHV HOH REVHUYD TXH WDQWR QR 5LR GH -DQHLUR TXDQWR HP 6mR 3DXOR HVVHV JUXSRV WLQKDP SULQFtSLRV
FRPXQV YROWDGRV SDUD R HQIUHQWDPHQWR GR UDFLVPR H GD DPSOLDomR GH DFHVVR DRV GLUHLWRV GD FLGDGDQLD SHOD
SRSXODomR QHJUD 20,1 8(6 3HWU QLR &LGDGDQLD SRU XP ILR R DVVRFLDWLYLVPR QHJUR QR 5LR GH -DQHLUR
5H L WD UD LOHLUD GH L WyULD 6mR 3DXOR Y Q 6REUH R WHPD YHU WDPEpP 3,172

0 GR GR 7UDEDOKR )ORULDQ SROLV Y S

H ,661 2, KWWSV GRL RUJ H
 EOXVD H D XUQD

DRV VHXV VDQWRV H D DGPLQLVWUDomR GD YLGD WHUUHQD FRQGX]LUDP LQLFLDWLYDV TXH LDP GR
PXWXDOLVPR j OLEHUWDomR GH HVFUDYL]DGRV SDVVDQGR SRU HPSUHHQGLPHQWRV HGXFDFLRQDLV H
de aperfeiçoamento profissional, demonstrando uma notável capacidade de articulação
FROHWLYD SDUD R HQIUHQWDPHQWR GDV DJUXUDV GD YLGD HP XPD VRFLHGDGH HVFUDYLVWD H UHJLGD
SHOR SULPDGR GD GLVFULPLQDomR UDFLDO SRVVLELOLGDGH GH DWXDomR HQTXDQWR SURWDJRQLVWDV
nas disputas eleitorais, com candidatos próprios e uma pauta afinada com as demandas do
PRYLPHQWR RSHUiULR LQWHUQDFLRQDO VLQDOL]DYD XPD QRYD IDVH GHVVD WUDGLomR DVVRFLDWLYD TXH VH
UHLQYHQWDYD GH WHPSRV HP WHPSRV HP XPD PDUFKD GH DPSOLDomR GRV OLPLWHV GDV HVWUDWpJLDV
H IRUPDV GH RUJDQL]DomR FROHWLYD
8P DVSHFWR TXH GHYR UHVVDOWDU p TXH HVVDV DJUHPLDo HV QmR FRQIRUPDYDP XP JUXSR
fechado e homogêneo, elas tinham finalidades e organizações próprias e diferentes entre si.
0DV VXDV GLUHWRULDV HUDP IRUPDGDV SRU PXLWRV PHPEURV HP FRPXP H R HQYROYLPHQWR GHVVHV
LQGLYtGXRV FRP LUPDQGDGHV FDW OLFDV VH GDYD VLPXOWDQHDPHQWH FRP VXDV SDUWLFLSDo HV HP
HQWLGDGHV OHLJDV 2 FDVR GH 0DQRHO GD 0RWWD 0RQWHLUR /RSHV p XP H[HPSOR FpOHEUH GHVVH
WLSR GH FRRSHUDomR DVVRFLDWLYD 6XD FDPSDQKD YLWRULRVD SDUD D &kPDUD )HGHUDO HP
IRL EDVHDGD HP XP SURJUDPD YROWDGR j SRSXODomR QHJUD WHQGR VLGR PRQWDGD HP VLQWRQLD
FRP RV DQVHLRV GH DVVRFLDo HV RSHUiULDV H GDV LUPDQGDGHV GH 6mR %HQHGLWR H GH 1RVVD
6HQKRUD GR 5RViULR GDV TXDLV HOH ID]LD SDUWH Seria, portanto, simplificador e precipitado
classificar esses trabalhadores negros enquanto um grupo rigidamente coeso. Ainda assim,
H[LVWLDP LQWHUORFXo HV SHUFHSWtYHLV WDQWR HP WHUPRV GD GHIHVD GR WUDEDOKR PRULJHUDGR GR
GLVFXUVR GD VROLGDULHGDGH H GDV QRo HV FRPSDUWLOKDGDV GH KRQUD H UHVSHLWDELOLGDGH TXDQWR
da recorrência dos mesmos indivíduos provenientes de um estrato de trabalhadores com
um perfil social comum em suas diretorias. O que consegui constatar, a partir da pesquisa
QRPLQDWLYD p TXH HVVD SRUomR GH WUDEDOKDGRUHV TXH HVWDYD j IUHQWH GDV DVVRFLDo HV FLWDGDV
eram, no geral, homens, não brancos, artífices, na média dos 40 anos de idade, alfabetizados
H HP VXD PDLRU SDUWH HOHLWRUHV
2V QRPHV GH SUDWLFDPHQWH WRGRV RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV LQYHVWLJDGRV QHVWH WH[WR FRQVWDP
HP GLYHUVDV OLVWDV HOHLWRUDLV GH GLIHUHQWHV DQRV 2 HQYROYLPHQWR FRP D SROtWLFD SDUWLGiULD
QmR UHEHQWRX FRP D 5HS EOLFD YLQKD GH DQWHV 0DUFHOR 0DF &RUG PRVWURX FRPR D ,PSHULDO
Sociedade dos Artífices Mecânicos e Liberais atuou nos bastidores da política com singular
GHVHQYROWXUD IDWXUDQGR EHQHVVHV H SULYLOpJLRV D SDUWLU GH XPD HVWUDWpJLD GH QHJRFLDomR FRP
OtGHUHV SDUWLGiULRV 6H DWp HQWmR QmR KDYLDP FRQVHJXLGR HPSODFDU FDQGLGDWRV UHSUHVHQWDWLYRV
GH VHXV SU SULRV JUXSRV LVVR GL] PHQRV VREUH D FDSDFLGDGH GH DUWLFXODomR GRV WUDEDOKDGRUHV
GR TXH VREUH RV OLPLWHV LPSRVWRV SRU XPD RUGHP SDUWLGiULD ULJLGDPHQWH HQJHVVDGD HQWUH RV
GLUHW ULRV GH OLEHUDLV H FRQVHUYDGRUHV PXLWDV YH]HV RUJDQL]DGRV HP EDVHV IDPLOLDUHV 1R
FDVR GRV PHPEURV GD /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD WRGRV WLQKDP GLUHLWR DR YRWR H DOJXQV
GH VHXV GLUHWRUHV PDLV DQWLJRV FKHJDUDP D ID]HU SDUWH GR &OXE 3RSXODU XPD DJUHPLDomR
formada por membros do partido liberal na década de 1870, que tinha “por fim doutrinar o
SRYR QRV SULQFtSLRV SROtWLFRV H VRFLDLV H PRGR TXH HVVH LQGtFLR H RXWURV SRQWXDGRV DR

QD )OiYLD 0 )RUWH ODoR HP OL KD URWD OLWHUDWRV QHJURV UDFLVPR H FLGDGDQLD QD VHJXQGD PHWDGH GR
VpFXOR ;,; 7HVH RXWRUDGR HP LVW ULD 81,& 03 &DPSLQDV
DANTAS, Carolina Vianna. Monteiro Lopes (1867-1910): um ‘líder da raça negra’ na capital da República.
6DOYDGRU IUR LD Q
3DUD VH WRUQDU V FLR GR &OXEH H[LJLD VH DSHQDV GXDV SUHUURJDWLYDV R SDJDPHQWR GD PHQVDOLGDGH H TXH

0 GR GR 7UDEDOKR )ORULDQ SROLV Y S

H ,661 2, KWWSV GRL RUJ H
)HOLSH ]H HGR 6R ]D

ORQJR GR WH[WR UHYHODP TXH XPD SDUWH GRV GLUHWRUHV GD /LJD PDQWLQKDP DOJXP WLSR GH UHODomR
FRP OtGHUHV SDUWLGiULRV GH 3HUQDPEXFR
&RP D 5HS EOLFD QRYRV KRUL]RQWHV GH SDUWLFLSDomR IRUDP DEHUWRV R VH SRVWDUHP
HQTXDQWR DOLDGRV GR UHSXEOLFDQLVPR GLIXQGLQGR HQWUH RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV RV LGHDLV PDLV
cândidos dessa forma de governo, os artífices optavam por uma estratégia de aproximação
com aqueles que estavam no poder político e que, no final das contas, também dirigiam
R UVHQDO GH 0DULQKD IDWXUD GHVVH DSRLR QmR WDUGRX D FKHJDU HP PHDGRV GH D
/LJD FRPHoRX D SOHLWHDU VXDV GHPDQGDV MXQWR jV DXWRULGDGHV SROtWLFDV 3ULPHLUR GLULJLQGR
XPD SHWLomR DR JHQHUDOtVVLPR HRGRUR GD )RQVHFD UHTXLVLWDQGR TXH RV DUWLVWDV GDV
UHSDUWLo HV S EOLFDV SDVVDVVHP D UHFHEHU UHPXQHUDomR PHVPR QRV IHULDGRV ( PHVHV
GHSRLV VROLFLWDQGR D UHGXomR GD MRUQDGD GH WUDEDOKR GH FDODIDWHV H FDUSLQWHLURV D RLWR
horas diárias, pauta que acabou sendo conquistada não apenas nas oficinas do Arsenal; os
GLUHWRUHV GD /LJD FRQVHJXLUDP QHJRFLDU D UHGXomR GH KRUDV WDPEpP QDV GRFDV H HVWDOHLURV
GD LQLFLDWLYD SULYDGD
2 VHFUHWiULR JHUDO GD DVVRFLDomR HVFUHYHX XP DUWLJR H[DOWDQGR DTXHOD TXH VHULD
PDLV XPD YLW ULD SDUD RV DQDLV GD /LJD 2SHUiULD 1HOH -RVp )UDQFLVFR XDUWH H[SOLFDYD
D PXGDQoD QD FDUJD KRUiULD TXH GHL[DYD GH VHU GDV K GD PDQKm jV K GD WDUGH
H SDVVDYD D VHU GH K GD PDQKm DWp K GD WDUGH FRP XP LQWHUYDOR GH XPD KRUD SDUD R
almoço. O secretário ressaltava que “a índole caracteristicamente filantrópica dos brasileiros
DVVHJXUD jV UHIRUPDV GHPRFUiWLFDV D PDLV IiFLO UHDOL]DomR 7HVH TXH VHULD SRVWD j SURYD H
UHIXWDGD QRV DQRV VHJXLQWHV TXDQGR R JUXSR DWXRX SHOD H[SDQVmR GD MRUQDGD GH RLWR KRUDV
SDUD WRGRV RV WUDEDOKDGRUHV SRU PHLR GH FDPSDQKDV HOHLWRUDLV H GD DWXDomR GH SROtWLFRV
YLQFXODGRV j /LJD

7UDEDOKDGRUH HP FpG OD GH RWDomR

8 1 8 3 3 1 0 8 1 GHL[RX GH VHU XPD DVVRFLDomR H[FOXVLYD GH

artífices do Arsenal da Marinha no momento em que seus membros passaram a bater pernas
SHODV UXDV GR 5HFLIH GLVWULEXLQGR H[HPSODUHV GD D D GR i R nas saídas das oficinas.
(VVH PRPHQWR DOXGLGR SRU PLP QR SULPHLUR SDUiJUDIR GR WH[WR VLQDOL]D QmR V R SURFHVVR
de mudança de perfil da agremiação, que deixava de ser essencialmente uma mutualista e
JDQKDYD FRQWRUQRV GH SDUWLGR SROtWLFR PDV WDPEpP DSRQWD SDUD D LQFRUSRUDomR GH QRYRV
UHSUHVHQWDQWHV GH VHWRUHV GH RItFLRV XUEDQRV TXH QDGD WLQKDP D YHU FRP D FRQVWUXomR QDYDO
(QWUH H R JUXSR FRQYRFRX GLYHUVDV UHXQL HV SURPRYHQGR XPD GHVHMDGD
UHQRYDomR H DPSOLDomR GH VHXV TXDGURV V UHXQL HV HYHQWXDOPHQWH HUDP GLULJLGDV SDUD
categorias específicas, além de cigarreiros e tipógrafos. Em determinada ocasião, o grupo

R LQGLYtGXR IRVVH UHFRQKHFLGDPHQWH OLEHUDO ( WDW WR GR O E 3RS ODU GR 5HFLIH, Recife, Typographia
0HUFDQWLO GH & ( 0XKOHUW &LD 3(-( 6HWRU GH )ROKHWRV 5DURV &DL[D
-RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH R MXO 1mR PH IRL SRVVtYHO WHU FHUWH]D VH D GHPDQGD IRL DWHQGLGD
3HOR PHQRV VHLV RILFLQDV GH HPSUHHQGLPHQWRV SULYDGRV SDVVDUDP D LPSOHPHQWDU D MRUQDGD GH RLWR KRUDV
YLW ULD V IRL DQXQFLDGD HP XP DUWLJR HP 2 GLD QRUPDO GR RSHUiULR -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH QRY
0DV GHVGH MXQKR GH TXH Mi KDYLD VLGR DQXQFLDGD D FROLJDomR GD 6RFLHGDGH GRV &DUSLQWHLURV 1DYDLV FRP
D /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH MXQ
2 GLD QRUPDO GR RSHUiULR 3UR t FLD 5HFLIH QRY
/LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD LiULR GH 3HU DPE FR 5HFLIH PDLR /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD
3UR t FLD 5HFLIH MXQ eSRFD 5HFLIH DJR -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH PDL

0 GR GR 7UDEDOKR )ORULDQ SROLV Y S

H ,661 2, KWWSV GRL RUJ H
 EOXVD H D XUQD

EXVFRX UHXQLU PXOKHUHV RSHUiULDV GDV IiEULFDV GH WHFLGR H GH OXYDV FDPLVDULDV FKDSHODULDV
e de outras oficinas e casas de modas existentes nesta capital”. (P PDLV GH
RSHUiULRV ID]LDP SDUWH GD /LJD GRV TXDLV DSHQDV FHUFD GH HUDP GR UVHQDO H GDV
FRPSDQKLDV GH VHUYLoRV PDUtWLPRV 2V GHPDLV HUDP WLS JUDIRV WUDEDOKDGRUHV GH IiEULFDV GH
WHFLGR GH IXQGLomR RSHUiULRV GDV HVWUDGDV GH IHUUR H PDUFHQHLURV 3RU RUD FDEH GL]HU TXH
IRL FRP HVVH JUXSR PDLV GLYHUVR TXH D /LJD 2SHUiULD 3HUQDPEXFDQD GLVSXWRX DV SULPHLUDV
HOHLo HV GD GpFDGD UHSXEOLFDQD FRQVHJXLQGR HOHJHU LQFOXVLYH DOJXQV GRV VHXV FDQGLGDWRV
(P PDLR GH IRUDP HPSRVVDGRV RV FDQGLGDWRV HOHLWRV SDUD D SULPHLUD OHJLVODWXUD
HVWDGXDO UHSXEOLFDQD H HQWUH RV GHSXWDGRV GHVWDFDYD VH R LQWHOLJHQWH DUWLVWD -HU QLPR 7HOOHV
- QLRU FHOHEUDGR SRU DOJXQV SDUHV FRPR R SULPHLUR UHSUHVHQWDQWH GH VXD FODVVH HOHLWR HP
3HUQDPEXFR Me refiro a alguns pares porque Telles Júnior estava longe de ser unanimidade
HQWUH DTXHOHV TXH HOH SUHWHQVDPHQWH GL]LD UHSUHVHQWDU (OH QmR ID]LD SDUWH GD /LJD 2SHUiULD
3HUQDPEXFDQD HUD HQWmR GLUHWRU GR /LFHX GH UWHV H 2ItFLRV (P VXD MXYHQWXGH IRL PDTXLQLVWD
naval e chegou a se aperfeiçoar nas oficinas de limador do Arsenal da Marinha da Corte;
QHVVD LQVWLWXLomR DVVLVWLX D DXODV GH GHVHQKR H GHVFREULX VXD YHUGDGHLUD YRFDomR WRUQDQGR
VH SLQWRU GH TXDGURV (P LGRV GD GpFDGD GH 7HOOHV - QLRU Mi VH HQFRQWUDYD DIDVWDGR
das profissões mecânicas há algum tempo HVGH R LQtFLR GD GpFDGD DQWHULRU GDYD DXODV GH
GHVHQKR QR /LFHX H HP VHX DWHOLHU SDUWLFXODU H Mi JR]DYD GH IDPD HQTXDQWR SDLVDJLVWD
Há no Arquivo Público de Pernambuco uma autobiografia não publicada do artista.
1DTXHODV DQWLJDV SiJLQDV PLPHRJUDIDGDV R DXWRU QDUUD XPD VpULH GH GLVVDERUHV H LQLPL]DGHV
que cultivou no meio artístico-operário recifense. Sobre o Liceu, afirmava que com malgrado
WHYH TXH FRODERUDU FRP JHQWH GH WmR EDL[D HVIHUD H LJQRUDQWHV QD PDLRU SDUWH DQDOIDEHWRV
LQGD TXH UHFRQKHFHVVH TXH HP PXLWR SHTXHQR Q PHUR @ KDYLD KRPHQV WUDEDOKDGRUHV H
KRQHVWRV LQVLVWLD TXH QDTXHOD LQVWLWXLomR HOH VH DFKDYD HP PHLR j HVF ULD GRV RSHUiULRV
GH 3HUQDPEXFR 4XDQGR VH WRUQRX GLUHWRU GR /LFHX DV GLIHUHQoDV GH 7HOOHV - QLRU FRP
SDUWH GRV PHPEURV GDV FODVVHV DUWtVWLFDV H RSHUiULDV FKHJDUDP DRV SDUR[LVPRV TXDQGR HOH
dizia se sentir fisicamente ameaçado e afirmou que foi “obrigado a andar armado por muito

6REUH D ILOLDomR GDV PXOKHUHV QD /LJD ID]LD VH XPD UHVVDOYD H[LJLQGR VH TXH DOpP GH DGHULU DR SURJUDPD
DV RSHUiULDV GHYLDP VHU VHQKRUDV @ TXH FRQVWLWXHP IDPtOLD 2 LQWHUHVVH HUD TXH VH IRUPDVVH DOL XPD
comissão diretora dentre as associadas para gerir os negócios internos do grêmio e [...] a fim de tratarem
VREUH RV LQWHUHVVHV GH SDUWH GDV FODVVHV REUHLUDV -RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH MXQ /LJD 2SHUiULD
3HUQDPEXFDQD 3UR t FLD 5HFLIH MXQ
-RU DO GR 5HFLIH 5HFLIH RXW (VVHV IRUDP DSHQDV DTXHOHV TXH YRWDUDP QD HOHLomR LQWHUQD SDUD
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fizeram campanha para um candidato próprio (que teve votação pífia), como, ainda segundo
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atuavam politicamente, pois os momentos eleitorais, por mais engessados que figurassem em
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curto período, ele apresentou e colocou em votação “um decreto para fixar em oito, o número
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três instâncias de discussão, o decreto acabou sofrendo alterações que lhe extratDP R VHQWLGR
de lei de proteção social, pois suas determinações legais ficariam submetidas e condicionadas
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identidade do grupo, além das explícitas referências republicanas de um pavilhão “organizado
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compasso eram representativos do trabalho qualificado. A escolha por esses instrumentos
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mestre das oficinas navais.
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orador da União Tipográfica Pernambucana. No entanto, diferentemente da maioria dos seus
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O perfil dos candidatos da Liga era muito semelhante ao dos candidatos dos partidos
operários baianos sobre os quais Aldrin Castellucci se debruçou, classificando-os como
“aqueles que haviam conseguido uma melhor qualificação profissional e melhor posição
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a Intendência municipal. No entanto, mesmo tendo conseguido o cargo com um saldo de 2.482
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Samico não foi uma voz destoante, nem conseguiu articular projetos afinados com as pautas
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sensivelmente o número de eleitores, principalmente ao suprimir a exigência censitária e

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o movimento operário surgiu das oficinas artesanais. 1R %UDVLO GHX VH R PHVPR H QR
caso específico de Recife, como busquei demonstrar neste artigo, o que ocorreu foi uma
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político com a República, e pela atualização das reflexões em torno das questões sociais,
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6(:(// :LOOLDP :RUN D G UH RO WLR L )UD FH Nova York: Cambridge University Press, 1980. p. 1.
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