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[SOUND] >> Elizabeth, would you come in? I have an opportunity to discuss with you.

We're looking
to launch a new toothpaste. We'd like you to be on the team and I think you would really enjoy it.
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>> I'll need to assemble my team, right away. >> Welcome to English for Management and
Leadership. We'll be your guides for this course. Join us, as we follow Elizabeth through the planning
and development of her new project.
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>> Through interactions with her boss, direct reports, and her other colleagues from departments,
you, will use and evaluate business communication strategies in English And, use language
effectively. >> In each module, you will have two communication videos and two language videos.
With readings that support your understanding, and quizzes that check your knowledge. To reinforce
this understanding, you will complete authentic business communication tasks in English. That will be
evaluated by your peers from around the world.
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Are you ready to be challenged? >> Absolutely. I'll have HR write up an offer later effective
immediately. And they'll send out an email announcing your new role as soon as that process is
complete.
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This is a really great opportunity and I think you're gonna love it. Are you looking to be challenged?
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>> I'm not gonna let you down.

Hi Gary, as we discussed, I'm building my team for the BioDent Launch.


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I'm interested in Jake Bright for the Marketing role and Catherine Roland for Finance. What's the
procedure for talking to them about these roles?
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I'm out of the office today but checking my messages.
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Anxious to get started. Thanks for the help, Elizabeth.
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>> Elizabeth, I'm happy to help you with this. Let's talk to both of their managers before mentioning
these opportunities to Catherine and Jake. Here's how we should proceed, I'll talk to Catherine
Roland's boss for you. In the past she's not been open to losing Catherine and has requested that
Catherine not be considered for other opportunities. I think she may be open to this change now
because the timing is good, Catherine has expressed her interest in making a change. Why don't you
go ahead and talk to Jake's boss? I think he will be open to this conversation, so go ahead and
approach him.
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I'll be in my office at 1:00. Stop by if you have any questions. I'm here to help, Gary.
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Yeah, sounds good. Okay, bye. Hi, how's it going? >> Good. How are you? >> Doing well, thanks,
yourself? >> I have a few reservations about the two candidates for my team, and I was hoping I
could talk them through with you. Do you have 15 minutes? >> I do. >> Did you talk to Katherine's
boss? >> I did and she's supportive. She's known that Katherine has been looking for a change for
quite a while, and she has no problem with us approaching her about this opportunity. >> Great.
Then my only concern is the fact that she has a reputation for being difficult to work with. >> I don't
know if I would label her as difficult, although she does have a tendency to dive deep into things. With
a little coaching, she could be a huge asset. I could give you some coaching advice. >> That would
be really great. >> Fantastic. >> I'd appreciate it. >> Now, what about Jake? Did you have a chance
to talk to Jake's manager? >> I did and I also talked to Jake, too. >> Was he interested?
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>> Yeah, yeah he was. >> But?
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>> How should I put this? He's really passionate about innovation. >> [LAUGH] Yes, this is true. >>
Did you know he even published a book? >> Yes. >> [SOUND] I'm happy that he's that excited about
a product, but I'm kind of wondering if I can handle his high energy level. And then there's all the
talking. >> What do you mean? >> I could barely tell him about the job. He was so busy telling me
about the importance of innovation and creative thinking in business. >> I can understand how that
would be a challenge. However, he has won four awards in marketing innovations, which I would
think would be an asset to the team. >> Okay.
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So then, do you think with some coaching they would be a good addition to my team?

Estimado Gary, Tal como habíamos hablado, estoy construyendo mi equipo para el lanzamiento de
BioDent.
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Me interesan Jake Bright para el papel de mercadeo y Catherine Roland para finanzas. ¿Cuál es el
procedamiento para hablar con ellos de estos papeles?
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Estoy fuera de la oficina hoy pero estaré revisando mis mensajes.
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Estoy ansiosa por empezar. ¡Gracias por su ayuda! -Elizabeth.
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>> Elizabeth, Con gusto le ayudaré en esto. Hablemos con ambos gerentes de ellos antes de
mencionar estas oportunidades a Catherine y a Jake. Deberiamos seguir así: Hablaré con la jefa de
Catherine Roland para usted. En el pasado, no estaba dispuesta a perder a Catherine y pedía que
no considere a Catherine para otras oportunidades. Pero creo que ahora va a estar más abierta a
este cambio porque es un momento oportuno, ya que Catherine ha expresado su interés en hacer un
cambio. Recomiendo que usted tome la iniciativa y hable con el jefe de Jake. Creo que va a estar
abierto a esta conversación, así que diríjase a él.
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Estaré en mi oficina a la 1:00 para recibirla si le parece bien. Quedo a su disposición para cualquier
consulta. -Gary
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Sí. Suena bien. Estaremos en contacto. ¡Hola! ¿Qué tal? Todo bien. ¿Cómo está usted? >> Bien,
gracias. ¿Y usted? >> Tengo mis reservas sobre los dos candidatos para mi equipo y estaba
esperando discutirlas más a fondo con usted. ¿Tiene quince minutos? Sí. ¿Ya habló con la jefa de
Catherine? Sí, y ella nos apoya. Sabía que Catherine buscaba un cambio desde hace mucho tiempo,
y no tiene ningún problema si nos dirijamos a Catherine con esta oportunidad. Genial. Entonces, mi
única preocupación es el hecho de que tiene la reputación de ser alguien con quien es difícil de
trabajar. Pues, no sé si yo la etiquetaría como difícil, pero es cierto que tiende a involucrarse en sus
proyectos de manera muy profunda. Con un poco de capacitación, ella podría ser de gran valor. Le
podría aconsejar a usted cómo proporcionar esa capacitación. Eso sería genial. Qué bien. Lo
apreciaría mucho. Ahora bien, ¿qué tal Jake? ¿Tuvo la oportunidad de hablar con su jefe? Sí. Y
hablé con Jake también. ¿Estaba interesado?
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Sí, sí... Pero…
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¿Cómo se lo explico? Está muy apasionado por la innovación. [RISA] Sí, esto es cierto. ¿Sabía que
incluso ha publicado un libro? Sí. ¿Sabe qué? Me alegro que esté tan emocionado por un producto,
pero me pregunto si yo podría manejar su alto nivel de energía. Y luego suele hablar excesivamente.
¿Qué quiere decir? Apenas pude contarle lo del trabajo, él estaba tan ocupado contándome a mí la
importancia de la innovación y el pensamiento creativo en los negocios. Entiendo que eso podría ser
un desafío. Sin embargo, él ha ganado cuatro premios de innovaciones de mercadeo, lo cual sería,
en mi opinión, de gran valor para el equipo. Está bien.
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Entonces, ¿piensa usted que ellos contribuirían al equipo ya con un poco de capacitación?

Hello, and welcome to the first instructional video of English for Management and Leadership. You
have just gotten to know a little bit about Elizabeth. She's been given the responsibility to put together
a team for her new project.
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How would you make staffing decisions if you were Elizabeth?
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What style would you use? In this lesson, we will be following Elizabeth's thought process as we
learn differences between direct and indirect approaches. You will also be given example situations
of how to use these approaches. Direct approaches are used when you're almost certain you will
receive an interested, positive, or neutral response.
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The approach is focused and specific.
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Direct approaches give ordinary information or good news up front. In contrast, indirect approaches
are used when you think your audience may reply with disappointment, annoyance, or
defensiveness, or maybe you're not even sure how they will react to your idea.
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In the indirect approach, you start by giving reasons or evidence for your plan before giving your
proposal or goal.
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You want your audience to be open to the ideas that are being presented.
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Let's take a look at one of Elizabeth's emails. As you watch the clip again, consider, does she use a
direct, or an indirect approach?
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In her email, she writes.
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>> Hi Gary, as we discussed, I'm building my team for the BioDent launch. I'm interested in Jake
Bright for the Marketing role and Catherine Roland for Finance.
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What's the procedure for talking to them about these roles? I'm out of the office today, but checking
my messages.
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Anxious to get started. Thanks for the help! Elizabeth. >> What style of approach does Elizabeth
use?
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Did you say direct? If you did, you're right.
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Elizabeth states her request directly, because it contains a neutral message. It's neutral because she
is giving information. And Gary is not likely to be upset or bothered by her question.
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Gary, on the other hand, uses an indirect approach. >> Elizabeth, I'm happy to help you with this.
Let's talk to both of their managers before mentioning these opportunities to Catherine and Jake.
Here's how we should proceed.
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I'll talk to Catherine Roland's boss for you. In the past, she's not been open to losing Catherine and
has requested that Catherine not be considered for other opportunities. I think she may be open to
this change now because the timing is good and Catherine has expressed her interest in making a
change. Why don't you go ahead and talk to Jake's boss. I think he well be open to this conversation,
so go ahead and approach him.
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I'll be in my office at 1:00. Stop by if you have questions. I'm here to help. Gary. >> He doesn't have
an answer for Elizabeth and can't guarantee her a yes answer. So using the indirect approach is
more acceptable here.
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Gary gives Elizabeth reasons, and builds up his evidence first, before giving her an answer.
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When talking about Catherine's boss, he writes that she's not been opening to losing Catherine and
has requested that Catherine not be considered for other opportunities.
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Did you hear Gary's reasons in those sentences?
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She's not been open to losing Catherine. And she doesn't want her considered for other
opportunities.
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Now here comes Gary's response.
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I think she may be open to this change. Because the timing is good and Catherine has expressed her
interest in making a change.
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So you see, Gary gives Elizabeth some news. It's neither good or bad news, but he's not sure how
Elizabeth will take it. So that's why he's chosen an indirect approach.
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Elizabeth may feel hope by the message because she has a chance at getting Catherine on her
team!
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Or she may feel frustration because Catherine's boss won't let her go.
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When you're not sure how your message will be received, use an indirect approach.
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For the rest of this video, let's turn out focus to direct approaches. Though they are easy to create,
you will still want to follow a simple pattern when asking for something or stating information directly.
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First, give your news or make a request. Ask for it concisely.
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What is the most important idea in your message? Be confident in your delivery. Remember this is
something your colleague or boss wants to hear.
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Next, add details or explanation. And finally, conclude with a friendly comment or a simple statement
of action that may need to be taken.
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Here are some examples of the direct approach being used.
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You've made the A11 marketing team. That's great news! Work begins May 27th.
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Your office is located in 243. Those are the details.
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Contact your supervisor Kent for more information. Is the conclusion a request for action.
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Let's look at another example, taken from an email this time. Mr. Roberts, your order is being shipped
today. It will arrive to your offices by Thursday. We appreciate your business and know you'll be
pleased with your product.
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Both these message examples have positive or neutral intentions. Now you try.
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Write a direct approach using the formula.
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One, start with the message. Two, add details. And three, conclude.
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Here is your direct message.
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The project will be completed in one week. With both types of approaches it is crucial to know your
audience. Audience here means your listener or your reader.
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Even when using a direct approach to someone in a superior position, there is still an extra amount of
politeness to be used.
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Sometimes this may require adding a few more words leading into your statement.
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For example, if you want to tell your boss that a client agreed to open a new account, you would not
immediately yell, I got the McArhens account.
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But you might use a friendlier, still direct message. Mr. Lloyd, good news. We got the McArhens
account.
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Different cultures also have different styles. Before choosing the direct approach, make sure your
audience is used to it. The more familiar you are with someone, the more direct you can be.
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So let's review the take away's from this lesson.
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Direct approaches are straight forward, concise, and give positive or neutral news. Indirect
approaches are used when your message may cause doubt, resistance, or you don't know how it will
be received.
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Consider your audience when deciding indirect or direct.
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Follow this format for direct approaches. One, start with the news. Two, add details or explanation.
And three, conclude.
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Stay tuned for the next lesson where we explore the indirect approach in much more detail. Thanks
for watching English for Management and Leadership.

Hola y bienvenido al primer vídeo instruccional de Inglés para gestión y liderazgo. Acaba de conocer
un poco de Elizabeth. Tiene la responsabilidad de armar un equipo para su nuevo proyecto.
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¿Cómo harías decisiones sobre la dotación de personal si fueras Elizabeth?
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¿Qué estilo usarías? En esta lección, seguiremos el razonamiento de Elizabeth mientras
aprendamos las diferencias entre estrategias directas e indirectas. También verás cómo utilizar estas
estrategias con ejemplos de situaciones. Se usan las estrategias directas cuando estás casi seguro
de que recibirás una respuesta interesada, positiva o neutral.
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Esta estrategia es enfocada y específica.
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Las estrategias directas dan buenas noticias o información ordinaria de manera franca. Por el
contrario, las estrategias indirectas se usan cuando piensas que tu audiencia pueda responder con
desilusión, molestía, o a la defensiva, o quizás no estás seguro cómo reaccionarán a tu idea.
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En la estrategia indirecta, empiezas por dar razones o evidencia para tu plan antes de dar tu
propuesta o meta.
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Quieres que tu audiencia esté dispuesta a las ideas que estás presentando.
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Vamos a revisar uno de los correos electrónicos de Elizabeth. Al revisar el video de nuevo,
considera, ¿Usa ella una estrategia directa o una estrategia indirecta?
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En su correo electrónico, ella escribe:
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>> Estimado Gary, tal como habíamos hablado, estoy construyendo mi equipo para el lanzamiento
del BioDent. Me interesan Jake Bright para el papel de mercadeo y Catherine Roland para finanzas.
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¿Cuál es el procedimiento para hablar con ellos de estos papeles? Estoy fuera de la oficina hoy,
pero estaría revisando mis mensajes
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Estoy ansiosa por empezar. ¡Gracias por tu ayuda! Elizabeth. ¿Qué estilo de estrategia usó
Elizabeth?
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¿Dijiste directa? Entonces, estás correcto.
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Elizabeth expresa su respuesta directamente porque contiene un mensaje neutral. Es neutral porque
ella está dando información y lo más probable es que Gary no se enoje ni se moleste por su
pregunta.
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Por lo contrario, Gary usa una estrategia indirecta. >> Elizabeth, Con gusto te ayudaría en esto.
Hablemos con ambos gerentes de ellos antes de mencionar estas oportunidades a Catherine y a
Jake. Deberíamos seguir así:
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Hablaré con la jefa de Catherine Roland para ti. En el pasado, no estaba dispuesta a perder a
Catherine y pedía que no considere a Catherine para otras oportunidades. Creo que ahora va a estar
abierta a este cambio porque es un momento oportuno, ya que Catherine ha expresado su interés en
hacer un cambio. Recomiendo que usted tome la iniciativa y hable con el jefe de Jake. Creo que va a
estar abierto a esta conversación, así que diríjase a él.
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Estaría en mi oficina a la 1:00. Si tiene alguna pregunta, quedo a su disposición para cualquier
consulta. Gary. >> Él no tiene una respuesta clara para Elizabeth y no le puede garantizar a ella una
respuesta afirmativa. Entonces, usar la estrategia indirecta es más aceptable en este caso.
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Gary le da a Elizabeth razones, y desarrolla su evidencia primero, antes de darle una respuesta.
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Cuando está hablando acerca de la jefa de Catherine escribe que ella no estaba dispuesta a perder
a Catherine y pedía que no considere a Catherine para otras oportunidades.
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¿Escuchaste las razones de Gary en esas oraciones?
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Ella no estaba dispuesta a perder a Catherine. Y pedía que no considere a ella para otras
oportunidades.
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Ahora viene la respuesta de Gary.
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Creo que va a estar dispuesto a este cambio. Porque es un momento oportuno ya que Catherine ha
expresado su interés en hacer un cambio.
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Así que puedes ver que Gary le da algunas noticias a Elizabeth. No son noticias ni buenas ni malas,
pero él no está seguro de cómo reaccionará Elizabeth. Es por eso que ha elegido una estrategia
indirecta.
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Elizabeth puede que sentir esperanza por el mensaje porque tiene la oportunidad de conseguir a
Catherine como parte de su equipo.
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O puede sentir frustración porque la jefa de Catherine no la suelta.
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Cuando no estás seguro de cómo tu mensaje será recibido, usa una estrategia indirecta.
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Por el resto de esto video, nos enfocaremos en las estrategias directas. Aunque son fácil de crear,
todavía querrás seguir un modelo sencillo cuando estés pidiendo algo o declarando información
directamente.
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Primero, da tus noticias o haz una solicitud. Pide por ésta concisamente.
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¿Cuál es la idea más importante en tu mensaje? Ten confianza en tu forma de hablar. Recuerda que
esto es algo que tus colegas o jefe quieren escuchar.
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Siguiente, añade detalles o explicación. Y finalmente, concluye con un comentario amable o una
simple declaración de alguna acción que puede ser necesario.
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He aquí algunos ejemplos del uso de la estrategia directa.
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¡Has logrado formar parte del equipo A11 Marketing! ¡Esa es una noticia genial! El trabajo comienza
el 27 de mayo.
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Tu oficina está situada en 243. Esos son los detalles.
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Contacta a tu supervisor Kent para más información. ¿Es la conclusión una solicitud por acción?
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Vamos a ver otro ejemplo, obtenido de un correo electrónico esta vez. Sr. Roberts, Su pedido será
enviado hoy. Llegará a sus oficinas para el jueves. Nos agradecemos su compra y sabemos que
estará contento con su producto.
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Ambos ejemplos de mensajes tienen intenciones positivas o neutrales. Ahora inténtalo tú.
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Escribe una estrategia directa utilizando la formula.
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Uno, empieza con el mensaje. Dos, añade detalles. Y tres, concluye.
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Aquí está tu mensaje directo.
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El proyecto estará terminado en una semana. Con ambos tipos de estrategias es crucial conocer tu
audiencia. La audiencia aquí se refiere a quien esté escuchando o a quien esté leyendo.
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Cuando usas una estrategia directa hacía alguien en una posición superior, debe de ser sumamente
amable.
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A veces esto requiere añadir unas pocas palabras más al comenzar tu declaración.
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Por ejemplo, si le quieres informar a tu jefe que un cliente aceptó abrir una cuenta, no le gritarás
inmediatamente, “¡Conseguí la cuenta de los McArhens!”
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Todavia usarías un mensaje directo, pero tal vez tendría un tono más amigable. Sr. Lloyd, le tengo
buenas noticias. Conseguimos la cuenta de los McArhens.
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Distintas culturas tienen estilos distintos. Antes de utilizar la estrategia directa, asegúrate de que tu
audiencia esté acostumbrada a este tipo de estrategia. Entre más confianza tienes con alguien, más
directo puedes ser.
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Así que vamos a revisar los puntos más importantes de esta lección.
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Las estrategias directas son directas, concisas, y dan noticias positivas o neutrales. Las estrategias
indirectas se usan cuando tu mensaje puede causar dudas, resistencia, o no sabes cómo será
recibido.
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Considera tu audiencia al decidir en la estrategia indirecta versus la directa.
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Sigue este formato para estrategias directas: Uno, empieza con las noticias. Dos, añade detalles o
explanación. Y tres, concluye.
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Esté al pendiente para la próxima lección donde exploraremos la estrategia indirecta con mucho más
detalle. Gracias por mirar Inglés para gestión y liderazgo.

Welcome back to English for management and leadership. In our last lesson, you learned about the
differences between indirect and direct approaches, and when to use them.
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This lesson, we'll focus more on how to use indirect approach, since it can take a little more thought
to create.
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Inevitably, in business there are conflicts. We're all human, and humans make mistakes. Though
these situations are not enjoyable, they must be dealt with and handled professionally.
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Let's review again why we use the indirect approach. In which of the following situations would you
use the indirect approach?
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If you begin your message with the bad news, your audience may react so strongly to the news that
they stop listening to anything else you have to say.
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Picture yourself as an eight year old child again. You've just failed a math test. You come home and
when your mother asks you about the test, would you say right away, I got a 42%. What would your
mother's reaction be if you did?
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Now of course, we don't want to hide the bad news. Being honest is important in business
communication and in life. That's why we use the indirect approach. It can help soften the bad news
and still keep your audience engaged.
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Because communicating bad news is difficult, your indirect message will need more thought and
strategy.
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One effective technique is to use a buffer. A buffer is information that puts off the bad news for just
long enough to gain your audience's trust, or to give them some context for the bad news.
Play video starting at 1 minute 58 seconds and follow transcript1:58
Now think again about that situation with the math test. When you mother asks you about the test,
you probably know that her reaction to your 42% is not going to be good.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 11 seconds and follow transcript2:11
So your response would probably be something more like, oh, the math test, mom, it was a very
difficult test, everyone said it was difficult and. Almost half the class failed it.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 25 seconds and follow transcript2:25
Did you catch that? You just created a buffer. You have given her some context for the news that's
about to come. And hopefully as a result, she will react a little less angrily.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 38 seconds and follow transcript2:38
And here's the interesting thing. Your mother knows what you're doing. If you had good news about
the test, you would have said I got 100% using the direct approach, but you didn't.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 50 seconds and follow transcript2:50
She knows bad news is coming, even if you didn't say so.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 55 seconds and follow transcript2:55
But now she has time to take a deep breath [SOUND] and calm herself before she hears your news.
Now let's take a look at how you would use buffers and the indirect approach in a business situation.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 10 seconds and follow transcript3:10
The general pattern for the indirect approach, as it is used in writing, goes like this, start with a
neutral buffer.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 19 seconds and follow transcript3:19
You don't want to start with good news, because it will give your reader false hope that more good
news is coming.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 26 seconds and follow transcript3:26
So a neutral buffer or a show of appreciation for their business is a good way to start. You're not
apologizing for the bad news to come. You're simply preparing the reader.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 38 seconds and follow transcript3:38
The next part is where you give reasons. Many studies have been done about how effective reasons
are for communication. People like to know why something is the way it is. Offering reasons will make
the bad news easier to accept.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 56 seconds and follow transcript3:56
Once you've prepared the reader, you give the bad news. It's important at this point to clearly and
succinctly state the news. You want to make sure that the reader completely understands the
situation.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 10 seconds and follow transcript4:10
Don't spend too much time on it. This is a little like ripping off a band-aid. Offer if possible a
compromise. For example, we can't do this but we can do that.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 25 seconds and follow transcript4:25
Finally, in your closing, re-direct attention from the bad news. Don't bring it up again. Instead, be
courteous, focus on future opportunities, and rebuild good-will. Let's take a look at a short example.
Dear Ms. Monroe, Thank you for your interest in the Stone notebooks. Due to current demand they
are on backorder. We do have Granite notebooks in stock, and we anticipate being able to ship the
Stone notebooks by early next week.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 56 seconds and follow transcript4:56
If you would like to redirect your order to the Granite notebooks, please contact me at
1.787.555.1234. Sincerely, Jane Binder.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 9 seconds and follow transcript5:09
This pattern is very typical in writing. Step 1: Buffer, Step 2: Reasons, Step 3: Bad News, Step 4:
Redirect and Close.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 23 seconds and follow transcript5:23
In speaking, the indirect approach may happen more quickly. Going directly from buffer to news
depending on how bad the news is. Let's take a look Look at how Elizabeth used buffers. >> I have a
few reservations about the two candidates for my team, and I was hoping I could talk them through
with you.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 41 seconds and follow transcript5:41
>> Elizabeth uses this buffer to prepare Gary that she would like to discuss negative or
uncomfortable news.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 49 seconds and follow transcript5:49
This next example is a little longer. >> You know I'm happy that he's that excited about a product, but
I'm kind of wondering if I can handle his high energy level and then, there's all the talking. >> The first
part is the buffer, and the second part she offers her reasons for the third part which is the negative
news.
Play video starting at 6 minutes 11 seconds and follow transcript6:11
One word of caution about buffers and the indirect approach. Though you are speaking indirectly,
don't give your audience the idea that you're avoiding an answer or trying to hide the truth.
Play video starting at 6 minutes 23 seconds and follow transcript6:23
As a child with a poor math test score, you might have intuitively used buffers as a way to avoid
giving your mom the bad news. But in business, the buffer's purpose is to get your listener to trust
you. Be honest, even if the bad news may cause anger or hurt feelings.
Play video starting at 6 minutes 42 seconds and follow transcript6:42
Let's review the takeaways from this lesson.
Play video starting at 6 minutes 48 seconds and follow transcript6:48
The main pattern for the indirect approach is buffer, reasons, news, redirect. A buffer helps your
audience prepare for the bad news.
Play video starting at 7 minutes 2 seconds and follow transcript7:02
Reasons are a powerful communication tool. People like to know why, state the bad news clearly and
quickly.
Play video starting at 7 minutes 12 seconds and follow transcript7:12
Close by redirecting attention to future opportunities or actions.
Play video starting at 7 minutes 17 seconds and follow transcript7:17
We'll see you in the next lesson, as we dive into more specifics about making requests with models.
Thanks for watching English for Management and Leadership.

Bienvenido de nuevo a Inglés para gestión y liderazgo. En la última lección, aprendiste sobre las
diferencias entre las estrategias indirecta directa, y cuando se utilizan.
Play video starting at 17 seconds and follow transcript0:17
En esta lección, nos enfocaremos en cómo usar la estrategia indirecta, debido a que te exige un
poco más pensamiento a crear.
Play video starting at 25 seconds and follow transcript0:25
Inevitablemente, en los negocios hay conflictos. Todos somos seres humanos y los seres humanos
cometen errores. Aunque estas situaciones no son agradables, hay que manejarlas de manera
profesional.
Play video starting at 38 seconds and follow transcript0:38
Vamos a repasar una vez más porqué usamos la estrategia indirecta. ¿En cuál de las situaciones
siguientes usarás la estrategia indirecta?
Play video starting at 50 seconds and follow transcript0:50
Si comienzas tu mensaje con malas noticias, tu audiencia puede reaccionar tan fuertemente hacia
las noticias que dejan de escuchar lo demás que quieres decir.
Play video starting at 1 minute 0 seconds and follow transcript1:00
Visualízate como un niño de ocho años. Acabas de reprobar un examen de matemáticas. Regresas
a casa y cuando tu madre te pregunta acerca del examen, ¿dirías inmediatamente, “Recibí un 42%”?
¿Que sería la reacción de tu mamá si hicieras esto?
Play video starting at 1 minute 17 seconds and follow transcript1:17
Por supuesto, no queremos esconder una mala noticia. Ser honesto es importante en la
comunicación empresarial y en la vida. Por eso es que usamos la estrategia indirecta. Puede ayudar
a suavizar las malas noticias y aun mantener el interés de tu audiencia.
Play video starting at 1 minute 34 seconds and follow transcript1:34
Puesto que comunicar malas noticias es difícil, tu mensaje indirecto requiere más pensamiento y
estrategia.
Play video starting at 1 minute 43 seconds and follow transcript1:43
Un método efectivo es usar un amortiguador o “buffer.” Un “buffer” es información que pospone las
malas noticias por el tiempo suficiente para ganar la confianza de tu audiencia, o darle contexto para
las malas noticias.
Play video starting at 1 minute 58 seconds and follow transcript1:58
Ahora piensa otra vez en la situación con el examen de matemáticas. Cuando tu mamá te pregunta
acerca del examen, tú sabes que su reacción al 42% no será buena.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 11 seconds and follow transcript2:11
Así es que tu respuesta probablemente sería algo más cómo: “Eh, el examen de matemáticas,
mamá, estuvo muy difícil, todos dijeron que era difícil y casi la mitad de la clase reprobó.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 25 seconds and follow transcript2:25
¿Lo captaste? Acabas de crear un “buffer.” Le acabas de dar contexto para la noticia que viene. Y
ojalá que ella reaccionará con menos coraje como resultado.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 38 seconds and follow transcript2:38
Y aquí está lo interesante. Tu mamá sabe lo que estás haciendo. Si tuvieras buenas noticias acerca
del examen, hubieras dicho “Recibí 100%” usando la estrategia directa, pero no lo hiciste.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 50 seconds and follow transcript2:50
Ella sabe que viene una mala noticia, aunque no lo digas.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 55 seconds and follow transcript2:55
Pero ahora ella tiene tiempo de respirar hondo [SONIDO] y de calmarse antes de escuchar tus
noticias. Ahora vamos a revisar cómo usarías “buffers” y la estrategia indirecta en una situación de
negocios.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 10 seconds and follow transcript3:10
El método general para la estrategia indirecta, cómo la usarías en la escritura, va así: comienza con
un “buffer” neutral.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 19 seconds and follow transcript3:19
No debes comenzar con buenas noticias porque le dará falsas esperanzas al lector de que vendrán
más noticias buenas.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 26 seconds and follow transcript3:26
Así que un “buffer” neutral o una demostración de agradecimiento por su negocio es una buena
manera de comenzar. No te estás disculpando por las malas noticias que vienen. Simplemente estás
preparando al lector.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 38 seconds and follow transcript3:38
La siguiente parte es donde das razones. Existen muchos estudios acerca de la eficacia de razones
en la comunicación. A la gente le gusta saber por qué algo es cómo es. Al ofrecer razones, harás las
malas noticias más fácil de aceptar.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 56 seconds and follow transcript3:56
Una vez que has preparado al lector, le das las malas noticias. Es importante en este momento decir
las noticias clara y sucintamente. Quieres estar seguro de que el lector entienda la situación por
completo.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 10 seconds and follow transcript4:10
No pases demasiado tiempo en esto. Esto es un poco cómo arrancar una curita. Si es posible,
ofrece un mutuo acuerdo. Por ejemplo, “No podemos hacer esto, pero sí podemos hacer aquello.”
Play video starting at 4 minutes 25 seconds and follow transcript4:25
Finalmente, en tu conclusión, desvía la atención de las malas noticias. No hables más del asunto.
Mejor, sé amable, céntra tus esfuerzos en oportunidades futuras y recupera la buena voluntad.
Vamos a revisar un ejemplo corto. Estimada Sra. Monroe, Gracias por su interés en los cuadernos
“Stone.” Debido al exceso de exigencia, están en pedido Tenemos cuadernos “Granite” disponibles,
y anticipamos poder mandarle los cuadernos “Stone” a principios de la próxima semana.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 56 seconds and follow transcript4:56
Si le gustaría cambiar su orden a los cuadernos “Granite,” favor de contactarme al 1.787.555.1234.
Sinceramente, Jane Binder.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 9 seconds and follow transcript5:09
Este patrón es muy típico en la escritura. Paso 1: “Buffer,” Paso 2: Razones, Paso 3: Malas Noticias,
Paso 4: Desviar y Concluir.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 23 seconds and follow transcript5:23
Al hablar, la estrategia indirecta puede suceder más rápido. Va directamente del “buffer” a la noticia,
dependiendo de que tan mala sea la noticia. Vamos a revisar cómo Elizabeth utiliza los “buffers.” >>
Tengo mis reservas sobre los dos candidatos para mi equipo, y estaba esperando discutirlas más a
fondo con usted.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 41 seconds and follow transcript5:41
>> Elizabeth utiliza este “buffer” con Gary para prepararle a discutir noticias negativas o incómodas.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 49 seconds and follow transcript5:49
El siguiente ejemplo es un poco más largo. >> Sabe que me alegro que él está tan emocionado por
un producto, pero estoy un poco preocupada si podría manejar su alto nivel de energía, y luego
suele hablar excesivamente. >> La primera parte es el “buffer.” La segunda parte ofrece razones
para explicar la tercera parte – la cual es la mala noticia.
Play video starting at 6 minutes 11 seconds and follow transcript6:11
Una palabra de precaución sobre los “buffers” y la estrategia indirecta. Aunque estés hablando
indirectamente, no des a tu audiencia la idea de que estás evitando una respuesta o tratando de
esconder la verdad.
Play video starting at 6 minutes 23 seconds and follow transcript6:23
Cuando eras el niño con la mala puntuación, intuitivamente pudiste haber usado los “buffers” como
una manera de evitar dar a tu mamá las malas noticias. Pero en los negocios, el propósito de los
“buffers” es conseguir que tu audiencia confíe en tí. Sé honesto, incluso si las malas noticias puedan
causar coraje o sentimientos heridos.
Play video starting at 6 minutes 42 seconds and follow transcript6:42
Vamos a revisar los puntos más importantes de esta lección
Play video starting at 6 minutes 48 seconds and follow transcript6:48
El patrón principal para la estrategia indirecta es “buffer,” razones, noticias, desviar. Un “buffer”
ayuda a la audiencia a prepararse para las malas noticias.
Play video starting at 7 minutes 2 seconds and follow transcript7:02
Las razones son una herramienta poderosa en la comunicación. A la gente le gusta saber por qué;
expresa las malas noticias clara y rápidamente.
Play video starting at 7 minutes 12 seconds and follow transcript7:12
Al concluir, desvía la atención hacia las oportunidades futuras o acciones.
Play video starting at 7 minutes 17 seconds and follow transcript7:17
Nos vemos en la próxima lección, cuando exploraremos profundamente cómo usar modales al
solicitar. Gracias por mirar Inglés para gestión y liderazgo.

1.6 Example: An Indirect Message


Take a look at this example of an indirect message. Pay close attention to how the buffer, the
reasons, the news, and the redirect are crafted.
Dear Mr. Green,

Thank you for choosing Aqua Pools as your pool builder. We appreciate your business. [This section
is the Buffer.]

The Haddard X1000 pool pump has consistently provided outstanding performance for our
customers, and it is why we only use Haddard pumps. Our pool technician discovered during her visit
that your filter and baskets were significantly clogged, causing a decrease in water flow. Instruction
on the regular cleaning of these items is covered in the “Pool Maintenance 101” manual that was
provided to you upon the completion of your pool. [This section contains the Reasons.]

While we will not be able to replace your pool pump [That was the Bad News.], we can offer to sell
you a new pump at cost. [There, the writer offered a Compromise.] Our pool technician will
demonstrate how to care for it upon installation.

If you would like to purchase a new pump, please contact Claire Davidson at our main office to
arrange for delivery and instruction. [In this section, the writer focuses on future opportunities, and
rebuilds good-will.]
Sincerely,

John Poolman

Whew. I'm tired. There's so much information to remember about indirect and direct approaches,
about requests and Elizabeth. Will she get her dream team together for BioDent?
Play video starting at 14 seconds and follow transcript0:14
How will I remember all of this? How do I organize these big chunks of information?
Play video starting at 20 seconds and follow transcript0:20
I don't have time to review all these videos.
Play video starting at 24 seconds and follow transcript0:24
Magically, there's a way to help remember things. It's a trick our brain uses naturally because it
knows we can't remember everything.
Play video starting at 34 seconds and follow transcript0:34
We call it summarizing.
Play video starting at 37 seconds and follow transcript0:37
To summarize is to retell only the big ideas, or main points of something.
Play video starting at 44 seconds and follow transcript0:44
Imagine you're travelling to a foreign country, and you've just walked into the best smelling bakery on
the planet.
Play video starting at 53 seconds and follow transcript0:53
Since you are far from home, chances are you will never visit this bakery again.
Play video starting at 59 seconds and follow transcript0:59
For the daily special, you must buy a dozen items.
Play video starting at 1 minute 3 seconds and follow transcript1:03
You wouldn't buy 12 pastries that were exactly the same, would you? Heavens, no. You want to try
them all. You would pick out the best and most important desserts to buy.
Play video starting at 1 minute 15 seconds and follow transcript1:15
You wouldn't be able to eat all the desserts in the bakery either. But at least you could leave with a
delicious dozen.
Play video starting at 1 minute 23 seconds and follow transcript1:23
And so it is with summarizing.
Play video starting at 1 minute 26 seconds and follow transcript1:26
We're given a ton of information. Some information we may only hear or learn once.
Play video starting at 1 minute 33 seconds and follow transcript1:33
It's our job to pull out the big ideas, the most important points, or the most delicious desserts. We
can't retain all the information or buy out the entire bakery, but we can at least have a dozen new bits
of knowledge.
Play video starting at 1 minute 50 seconds and follow transcript1:50
In a business setting the ability to summarize is extremely important. Investors, CEOs, employees,
marketers, researchers, executives and managers are busy always. Additionally, they are fed 1,000s
of bits of new information every day. If we were to memorize every new thing put into our brains each
day, they would explode. Just as we would explode if we ate all the desserts in that bakery.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 20 seconds and follow transcript2:20
You want information that is most relevant, useful, and information that is key.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 28 seconds and follow transcript2:28
So how do you choose? How do you put the information together? The first step is to make sure you
understand your information, whether it be written or spoken.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 40 seconds and follow transcript2:40
If it is written, and you don't understand it, why, read it again? If it's spoken information, continue to
ask questions until you have a full understanding of what is being said. Second, find key words, main
ideas, and sentences that talk about the topic.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 2 seconds and follow transcript3:02
Creating an outline might be necessary to organize big portions of information.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 9 seconds and follow transcript3:09
Next, write or speak your summary. This should include a topic sentence, supporting sentences and
a concluding sentence.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 20 seconds and follow transcript3:20
A summary needs to be clear to someone who hasn't seen or read the original material.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 27 seconds and follow transcript3:27
Don't use direct quotes, examples or extra details.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 32 seconds and follow transcript3:32
Think of our bakery. What if someone asked you what the bakery sold? As much as you want to
answer heavenly delectables, this doesn't give your audience enough information nor does it help
solidify the information in your own brain.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 49 seconds and follow transcript3:49
A summary would describe the pastries. Some were round with chocolate icing, some had caramel
and pecans, and some were cream filled. Again, you wanna provide too much detail such as oh they
were desserts made up of a cupcake flour, three cups sugar, four tablespoons cocoa. Remember to
use language that is cohesive and brief.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 14 seconds and follow transcript4:14
Something I was once taught is to imagine you have $2 to write your summary, but you're being
charged $.10 per word. You can't spend more than $2 when you finish your summary. You have to
make sure each word has a purpose.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 31 seconds and follow transcript4:31
Fourth, write supporting sentences that stick to the main points. Follow the same order that the
information was given.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 40 seconds and follow transcript4:40
Finally, write a concluding sentence. Think of this as a summary within a summary.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 48 seconds and follow transcript4:48
How can you again reaffirm your information in the fewest amount of words?
Play video starting at 4 minutes 53 seconds and follow transcript4:53
Your brain loves repetition. It's one of the best ways to learn and retain information.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 1 second and follow transcript5:01
This is just an overview of summary writing. In module two, we'll further explore this summarizing
process.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 10 seconds and follow transcript5:10
Let's then figure out what the key takeaways are from this lesson.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 15 seconds and follow transcript5:15
Summaries are the most important ideas and biggest pieces of information.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 21 seconds and follow transcript5:21
When we're able to summarize, our brain remembers better.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 25 seconds and follow transcript5:25
The first step to writing a summary is to make sure you understand the information. Then write or
speak your information.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 35 seconds and follow transcript5:35
Find key words and phrases or make an outline.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 39 seconds and follow transcript5:39
Create a strong topic sentence.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 42 seconds and follow transcript5:42
Add details and support without adding your opinion and finish with a concluding sentence. You'll
soon be introduced to a reading with different summary and examples.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 54 seconds and follow transcript5:54
Until next time, thanks for watching English for Management and Leadership.

¡Uf! Estoy cansada. Hay tanta información de recordar sobre las estrategias indirectas y directas,
sobre solicitudes y sobre Elizabeth. ¿Logrará juntar su equipo ideal para BioDent?
Play video starting at 14 seconds and follow transcript0:14
¿Cómo recordaré todo esto? ¿Cómo organizo estas cantidades grandes de información?
Play video starting at 20 seconds and follow transcript0:20
No tengo tiempo para revisar todos estos videos.
Play video starting at 24 seconds and follow transcript0:24
Hay un método que ayuda recordar cosas, como por arte de magia. Es un truco que la mente usa
naturalmente porque sabe que no podemos recordar cada cosa.
Play video starting at 34 seconds and follow transcript0:34
Se llama resumir.
Play video starting at 37 seconds and follow transcript0:37
Resumir es recontar solamente las ideas grandes, o puntos principales, de cualquier cosa.
Play video starting at 44 seconds and follow transcript0:44
Imagínate que estés viajando a un país extranjero y acabas de entrar a una panadería con la mejor
aroma del planeta.
Play video starting at 53 seconds and follow transcript0:53
Puesto que estás lejos de casa, es probable que nunca volverás a esta panadería.
Play video starting at 59 seconds and follow transcript0:59
Para aprovechar de la especial del día, es necesario comprar una docena de postres.
Play video starting at 1 minute 3 seconds and follow transcript1:03
Pero no comprarías doce postres iguales, ¿verdad? Por supuesto que no. Te gustaría probar todos.
Escogerías los postres mejores y más notables para comprar.
Play video starting at 1 minute 15 seconds and follow transcript1:15
Tampoco no podrías comer todos los postres que hay en la panadería. Pero al menos puedes salir
con una docena deliciosa.
Play video starting at 1 minute 23 seconds and follow transcript1:23
Y así es con el proceso de resumir.
Play video starting at 1 minute 26 seconds and follow transcript1:26
Se nos da un montón de información. Alguna información tal vez escuchemos o aprendamos solo
una vez.
Play video starting at 1 minute 33 seconds and follow transcript1:33
Es nuestro deber identificar las grandes ideas, los puntos más importantes, o los postres más
deliciosos. No podemos retener toda la información o comprar la panadería entera, pero por lo
menos podemos tener docenas de piezas nuevas de información.
Play video starting at 1 minute 50 seconds and follow transcript1:50
En una situación empresarial, la habilidad de resumir es sumamente importante. Inversores,
presidentes ejecutivos, empleados, comerciantes, investigadores, ejecutivos y gerentes siempre
están ocupados. Adicionalmente, reciben miles de informaciones nuevas cada día. Si pudiéramos
memorizar toda la información que recibimos cada día, nuestros cerebros explotarían. Igual que
explotaríamos si comiéramos todos los postres de la panadería.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 20 seconds and follow transcript2:20
Quieres información que es más relevante, útil, y la información que es clave.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 28 seconds and follow transcript2:28
Entonces, ¿cómo escoger? ¿Cómo se junta toda la información? El primer paso es asegurarte de
que entiendes la información, sea escrita u oral.
Play video starting at 2 minutes 40 seconds and follow transcript2:40
Si es escrito, y no entiendes, pues, léelo otra vez. Si la información es oral, continua haciendo
preguntas hasta entender completamente lo que se está diciendo. Segundo, busque palabras
claves, ideas principales y oraciones que hablen sobre el tema.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 2 seconds and follow transcript3:02
Puede ser necesario crear un esquema para organizar porciones grandes de información.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 9 seconds and follow transcript3:09
Luego, escribe o dicta tu resumen en voz alta. Esto incluye una oración temática, oraciones que
apoyan el tema y una oración de conclusión.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 20 seconds and follow transcript3:20
Un resumen debe ser claro para alguien que nunca ha visto o leído la materia original.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 27 seconds and follow transcript3:27
No uses citas directas, ejemplos ni detalles extras.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 32 seconds and follow transcript3:32
Piensa en nuestra panadería. ¿Qué dirías si alguien te preguntara “¿qué es lo que se vende en la
panadería?”? Por más que quieras responder, “Puras delicias,” esto no le da bastante información a
tu audiencia ni tampoco te ayuda a consolidar la información en tu propia mente.
Play video starting at 3 minutes 49 seconds and follow transcript3:49
Un resumen describiría los postres. Algunos eran redondos y glaseado con chocolate, algunos
tenían caramelo y nueces y otras tenían crema en medio. Tampoco es necesario proveer
demasiados detalles como “Oh, habían postres hechos de harina para panes, tres tazas de azúcar y
cuatro cucharadas de polvo de cacao.” No te olvides usar lenguaje que es cohesivo y breve.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 14 seconds and follow transcript4:14
Algo que yo aprendí es imaginar que tengo dos dólares para escribir el resumen, y cada palabra
cuesta diez centavos. No puedo gastar más de dos dólares para terminar el resumen. Tienes que
asegurarte de que cada palabra tenga un propósito.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 31 seconds and follow transcript4:31
Cuarto, escribe oraciones que apoyan los puntos principales. Sigue la misma orden en que se dio la
información.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 40 seconds and follow transcript4:40
Finalmente, escribe una oración de conclusión. Piensa de esto como un resumen dentro de un
resumen.
Play video starting at 4 minutes 48 seconds and follow transcript4:48
Con las menores palabras posibles, ¿cómo puedes reiterar una vez más tu información?
Play video starting at 4 minutes 53 seconds and follow transcript4:53
Al cerebro le encanta la repetición. Es una de las mejores maneras de aprender y retener
información.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 1 second and follow transcript5:01
Es solo una vista general de como escribir un resumen. En módulo dos, exploraremos más a fondo
este proceso de resumir.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 10 seconds and follow transcript5:10
Ahora vamos a ver los puntos más importantes de este lección.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 15 seconds and follow transcript5:15
Los resúmenes son las ideas más importantes y los segmentos más grandes de información.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 21 seconds and follow transcript5:21
Cuando podemos resumir, el cerebro lo recuerda mejor.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 25 seconds and follow transcript5:25
El primer paso en escribir un resumen es estar seguro de entender la información. Luego escribe o
habla la información en voz alta.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 35 seconds and follow transcript5:35
Encuentra las palabras y frases claves y haz una esquema.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 39 seconds and follow transcript5:39
Forma una fuerte oración temática.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 42 seconds and follow transcript5:42
Añade detalles y apoyo sin añadir tus propias opiniones y termina con una oración de conclusión.
Pronto te presentaremos una lectura con resúmenes y ejemplos diferentes.
Play video starting at 5 minutes 54 seconds and follow transcript5:54
Hasta la próxima vez, gracias por mirar Inglés para gestión y liderazgo.

1.10 "The Secret to Making Better Hires"


Please read this article to learn about making good hiring decisions and then answer the questions
about summary in the quiz that follows.

"The Secret to Making Better Hires" from Forbes (article).


https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikemyatt/2013/02/14/the-secret-to-making-better-hires/#14c7441f2d67

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