COMO ESTUDAR…

ESQUEMA TEXTUAL
Profa. Suellen Anselmo
 Características de um ESQUEMA
✱O esquema é um recurso de planejamento e organização de conceitos/opiniões que
facilita a compreensão da ideia principal do texto lido.

✱Pode auxiliar o método de estudo ou servir como ponto de partida para a produção de
um texto.

✱Utilidade: possibilita identificar com mais facilidade a ideia central do texto,

organizar e relacionar as informações com mais clareza e coerência.

✱O esquema deve ser breve e conter o que é mais significativo no texto.

✱Se quiser, pode usar setas ou outros recursos visuais para facilitar a absorção das
informações.
 O universo
"Todos os corpos existentes na Natureza são quantidades definidas de matéria. Por exemplo, a madeira é matéria e
uma mesa de madeira é um corpo; a borracha é matéria e um pneu de borracha é um corpo. A matéria e, portanto, todos os corpos do
Universo são constituídos por pequenas unidades denominadas átomos. Por serem extremamente pequenos, os átomos não podem
ser vistos, nem com os mais poderosos microscópios. Entretanto, os cientistas criaram modelos que, dentro de certos limites,
explicam os fenômenos naturais. Um dos modelos mais simples, proposto pelo físico Ernest Rutherford (1871 - 1937) estabelece
que cada átomo é constituído de um núcleo central, formado basicamente por dois tipos de partículas, os prótons* e os nêutrons*, e
pela eletrosfera, constituída por um terceiro tipo de partículas, os elétrons", que giram em torno do núcleo [...]. Na verdade, esta é
uma visão extremamente simplificada do átomo. Além das três partículas citadas, há um número muito grande de outras partículas,
como, por exemplo, positrons, mésons, neutrinos, etc., que surgem quando ocorrem alterações nos núcleos dos átomos (reações
nucleares). O estudo das propriedades dessas partículas é muito importante, principalmente para a compreensão da estrutura do
Universo.
Os átomos, por sua vez, formam outros agregados: as moléculas. Existem muitos tipos de moléculas e seu número
tende a crescer, pois diariamente são sintetizadas novas moléculas em laboratórios de química.
O campo de estudo da Física abrange todo o Universo: desde a escala microscópica, relacionada às partículas que
formam o átomo, até a escala macroscópica, que diz respeito aos planetas, às estrelas e às galáxias.“

JÚNIOR, Francisco Ramalho. Os fundamentos da Física. 8 ed. São Paulo: Moderna, 2003.
 Exemplo de Esquema
TEXTO: O UNIVERSO

 Os corpos do Universo existentes na Natureza:

• São quantidades definidas de matéria (ex.: madeira - matéria, mesa de madeira - corpo).
• São constituídos de átomos (unidades pequenas que não podem ser vistas).
 Modelo atômico proposto por Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937):
• Cada átomo é constituído de um núcleo central, formado basicamente por 2 tipos de partículas (prótons e nêutrons)
e pela eletrosfera (constituída pelo 3 deg tipo de partículas, elétrons)..
• Visão simplificada do átomo (além das 3 partículas, há um número grande de outras partículas).
 Estudo das propriedades dessas partículas
• Importante para compreender a estrutura do Universo.
• Carga elétrica: propriedade atribuída aos elétrons e prótons.
• (Convenção) Próton: carga elétrica positiva / Elétron: carga elétricanegativa / Nêutron: sem carga elétrica.
• Prótons e nêutrons constituídos de partículas ainda menores (quarks).
 Moléculas
• Os átomos formam as moléculas.
• Número de moléculas tende a crescer (novas moléculas sintetizadas em laboratórios).
Esquema para produzir textos
 Redação: A insegurança alimentar no Brasil
INTRODUÇÃO
• Contextualizar – Chaves – insegurança alimentar
• Indicar que é um problema que tem que ser resolvido
• Mostrar as linhas argumentativas: causas e consequências.

DESENVOLVIMENTO
• Má distribuição de renda – citar quarto de despejo, de carolina de jesus.
• Índices de desutrição – exportação dos produtos brasileiros e a influência da bancada
ruralista na câmara dos deputados

CONCLUSÃO
• Agente: Ministério da agricultura
• Ação: pestar consultoria profissional para pequenos produtores de terra aumentarem a
produtividade local de forma sustentável.
• Meio: através do programa de apoio a agricultura familiar (Minha terra, minha vida)
• Efeito: aperfeiçoar a produção familiar e oferecer produtos de melhor qualidade
• Detalhamento: mostrar como a consultoria vai ser feita – online.
“This is a quote, words full of wisdom that
someone important said and can make the
reader get inspired.”

—SOMEONE FAMOUS
 WHOA!!
This can be the part of the presentation where you
introduce yourself, write your email…
 01
THE INTRODUCTION

You can enter a subtitle here if you need it

MAYBE YOU NEED TO DIVIDE THE
CONTENT
MERCURY
Mercury is the closest planet to
the Sun and the smallest one in the
Solar System—it’s only a bit
larger than the Moon
VENUS
Venus has a beautiful name and is
the second planet from the Sun.
It’s hot and has a poisonous
atmosphere
AWESOME
WORDS
LEARNING PROCESS

READ WRITE
Mercury is the closest Neptune is the farthest
planet to the Sun planet from the Sun

MEMORIZE REPEAT
Jupiter is the biggest Mars is actually a very
planet of them all cold place
ADVICE ON HOLDING A PENCIL

RIGHT HANDED LEFT

● Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun ● HANDED
Saturn is composed mostly of hydrogen
and the smallest and also helium
● Venus has a beautiful name and is the ● Neptune is the fourth-largest planet in the
second planet from the Sun Solar System
● Despite being red, Mars is actually a very ● Earth harbors life and is the third planet
cold place from the Sun
USE THREE COLUMNS

MERCURY MARS
It’s the closest planet to the Despite being red, Mars is a
Sun and the smallest of them cold place. It’s full of iron
all VENUS oxide dust
Venus has a beautiful name
and is the second planet from
the Sun
02 THE
FLUENCY

You can enter a subtitle here if you need it

APPROPRIATE PENCIL GRIP

MERCUR 20% 30% MARS

Y
It’s the closest planet Mars is actually a
to the Sun very cold place

VENU 50% Follow the link in the graph to

modify its data and then paste
S
Venus is the second the new one here.
planet from the Sun For more info, click here
NOT A GOOD PENCIL GRIP

THUMB
THUMB TUCK SUPINATE
MercuryWRAP
is the closest planet Venus is the second planet Mars is actually a very cold
to the Sun from the Sun place

INTERDIGITA
PALMAR INDEX GRIP
Jupiter is the biggest planet L
Saturn is composed of Neptune is the farthest planet
of them all hydrogen and helium from the Sun
HOW TO HOLD A PENCIL: TABLE

EXERCISE 01 EXERCISE 02 EXERCISE 03

ANNE -
JOHN -
MEGHAN - -
DONNA -
SOPHIE - -
THIS IS A TIMELINE

JUPITER VENUS MARS

Jupiter is the biggest planet Venus is the second planet Mars is actually a very cold
of them all from the Sun place
 03
EXERCISES

You can enter a subtitle here if you need it

THEORY BOOK INFOGRAPHICS

MERCUR VENUS
Y
It’s the closest planet to Venus is the second
the Sun planet from the Sun

JUPITER SATURN
Jupiter is the biggest It’s composed of
planet of them all hydrogen and helium
THEORY: VIDEO

You can replace the image on the

screen with your own work. Just
right-click on it and select
“Replace image”
PRACTICE 01
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest of them all
PRACTICE 02
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest of them all
PRACTICE 03
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest of them all
PRACTICE 04
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest of them all
02 OTHER
CONCEPTS

You can enter a subtitle here if you need it

LET’S USE SOME PERCENTAGES

20% 55% 90%

Mercury is the Venus is the second Mars is actually a
smallest planet planet from the Sun very cold place
THIS IS A MAP

VENUS
Venus has a beautiful
name

JUPITER
It’s the biggest
planet of them all

MERCUR
Y
It’s the closest planet
to the Sun
4,562,458
Big numbers catch you audience’s attention
330,000
The Sun’s mass compared to Earth’s
9h 55m
Jupiter’s rotation period

386,000 km
Distance between Earth and the Moon
DESKTOP
SOFTWARE
You can replace the image on the
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image”
 TABLET APP
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MOBILE WEB
You can replace the image on the
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image”
OUR TEACHERS

JENNA DOE TIMMY JIMMY

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