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Agenda
1. Caracterizao da cana de acar

2. Projees de produo de cana de acar no Brasil

3. Evoluo das impurezas minerais
4. Evoluo das impurezas vegetais
5. Evoluo da demanda de energia eltrica
6. Participao do bagao da cana de acar na matrix
energtica nacional
7. Ponderaes

A Energia da Cana de Acar

608 x Mcal/tc

IMPUREZAS

=>

VEGETAIS
Ponteiro

Etanol

Bagao
com 50% umid.
598 x Mcal/tc

Colmos

+
Palha
com 15%
512 Mcal/tc

ELETRICIDADE

Folhas Secas

Acar

=>

Folhas Verdes

Projeo de Processamento

853

898

990 1.037

Milhes tc

763 808
719
634 676

944

Fonte: Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento

Impurezas Minerais
Impurezas Minerais
(Kg/tc)
21
19
17
15
13
11
9
7

5
Abril

Maio

Junho

Julho

Agosto

Mdia safras
Safras 06;07
06, 07ee08
08
Mida

Setembro

Safra 09

Outubro

Novembro

Dezembro

Safra 10

Fonte: GEGIS - Grupo de Estudos em Gesto Industrial do Setor Sucroalcooleiro

Impurezas Minerais
Mdia Usinas Brasileiras (GEGIS): 10 kg/tc
Safra de 632 Mtc => 6,32 Mt IM base seca
Densidade Mdia IM: 1,75 t/m

Volume IM: 3,61 Mm/ano

1,4 Pirmides
de Quops
ao ano

Pirmide de Quops
Volume Pirmide ... 2,57 Mm3

Impurezas Vegetais
Impurezas Vegetais
(Kg/tc)
90

80

70

60

50

40

30
Abril

Maio

Junho

Julho

Agosto

Mdiasafras
Safras06;07
06, 07e e0808
Mida

Setembro

Safra 09

Outubro

Novembro

Dezembro

Safra 10

Fonte: GEGIS - Grupo de Estudos em Gesto Industrial do Setor Sucroalcooleiro

Matriz Energtica Brasileira

PARTICIPAO EFETIVA DAS FONTES DE ENERGIA NA MATRIZ
Bagao
de Cana
18.516 GWh
4%

9%

1%
7%

80%

2010: Gerao de 18.500 GWh, proveniente do bagao da cana de acar - 2,1 GWm (8.760 h)
Fonte: ANEEL - Banco de Informaes de Gerao

2%

1%

3%

PARTICIPAO DA BIOMASSA DA CANA

EVOLUO DA OFERTA DE ENERGIA ELTRICA
PARTICIPAO %

Histrico Gerao de Energia Eltrica no Brasil

504 TWh
349 TWh
3,7 TWh

100%

403 TWh

1%

18,5 TWh

2%

7,7 TWh

87%

84%

Hidroeltricas

4%

80%

76%

2000

2005

Outros
Nuclear
Bagao de Cana
leo & Gs
Hidro
Fonte: MME Ministrio de Minas e Energia Sries Histricas

2010

Premissas Projeo da Bioeletricidade

100% Bagao voltado a produo de energia termeltrica

Processamento de 33% palha da cana de acar para energia

Garantias fsicas concedidas
Potncia equivalente c/200 dias efetivos de safra

Caldeiras 67 bar x 520oC

Combinao de turbinas de Contra Presso e Condensao
Processamento de cana de acar:
Moagem safra 2015/16 ... 808 Mtc
Moagem safra 2020/21 ... 1.037 Mtc

Hidroeltricas

Potencial Energtico da Cana de Acar

Ponderaes

Fim das queimadas, no estado de So Paulo

Evoluo da mecanizao agrcola

Processo de difuso na extrao

Alongamento do perodo de safra

Operao durante o perodo de entressafra

Aumento das impurezas minerais

Aumento das impurezas (?) vegetais

Aumento da demanda de energia eltrica no Brasil

Forte tendncia de utilizao de fontes renovveis de energia

Crescimento do setor sucroenergtico:

Novas fronteiras

Formao da mo de obra

Formao dos canaviais

Fontes

MME - Ministrio de Minas e Energia - Sries Histricas

MME/EPE Plano Decenal de Expanso de Energia 2020

ANEEL - Agncia Nacional de Energia Eltrica - Banco de

Informao de Gerao

CONAB A Gerao Termoeltrica com a Queima do Bagao de

Cana de Acar no Brasil

CTC Biomass Power Generation, Sugar Cane Bagasse and Trash

GEGIS Grupo de Estudos em Gesto Industrial Sucroalcooleira

Monografia/ESALQ Aproveitamento Agroindustrial do Palhio

da Cana de Acar

Histrico das Caldeiras Dedini

Licena Zurn p/ Fab. Caldeiras

M. DEDINI
Metalrgica
DEDINI

D.Z.
ZANINI

ZANINI

Licena Foster Wheeler

Fornecimentos
Caldeiras a Bagao ......................................... 1.255
Caldeiras Industriais ...................................

393

Caldeiras a biomassa, exceto bagao .......

Plantas de Cogerao ...................................

114

Total de Caldeiras ...................... 1.651

Obs.: dados at dez/2010

Histrico das Caldeiras Dedini

1920 - FUNDAO OFFICINAS DEDINI
1930 - CALDEIRA DEDINI VERTICAL E FOGOTUBULAR
1940 - CALDEIRA AQUATUBULAR TIPO BABCOCK E STIRLING
1945 - CONTRATO COM COMBUSTION ENGINEERING
1951 - CALDEIRA ZANINI

1960 - PROJETOS DEDINI (V 2/4, V 2/5)

1977 - CONTRATO COM FOSTER WHEELER
1979 CONTRATO COM ZURN GRELHA ROTATIVA
1981 - CALDEIRA DEDINI - BMP E AT

1985 CALDEIRA ZANINI - AZ/ZANITEC

1989 - SELO ASME - FABRICAO E MONTAGEM (S, U, PP)
2000 CALDEIRA COGEMAX MULTICOMBUSTVEL PARA COGERAO
2001 CALDEIRA AT E AZ AT 250 t/h E GRELHA FLAT PIN HOLE
2005 CALDEIRA AT-SINGLE DRUM AT 400 t/h E 120 bar

ENVIROTHERM

Envirotherm in General
ENVIROTHERM
an experienced and qualified engineering partner
with an extensive list of references and
strong growth based on a portfolio of
proprietary technologies acquired from LURGI

CLEAN ENERGY

Modern

CLEAN AIR
(Air Pollution Control - APC)

Highly Efficient

Gasification Technologies

Flue Gas Cleaning

Technologies

Multi-Purpose

Production and Application of

Combustion Technologies

Honeycomb SCR Catalysts

Professional Competence

Cooperation and License Agreements

Clean Energy

FB/CFB Power Plants

ENVIROTHERM

Cooperation with the Slovak Boiler Manufacturer SES, Tlmae

DEDINI, Brazil, for fluid bed technologies
Shriram epc, India, fluid bed (CFB) and
fixed bed (BGL) gasification

Gasification

Collaboration with CEMEX on CFB gasification in the Cement

Industry (industrial know-how from Ruedersdorf facility)
University of Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
CUTEC Institute R&D in CFB gasification

Clean Air

SCR Catalysts Production

SCR-Process

Joint Venture with Dongfang Boiler Group,

Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Dongfang, SSEP for SCR process in China
Cooperation with ERC GmbH, Germany
Jeongwoo, for ESP in Korea

Clean Air Activities

Longking, SSEP, TFEN, DATANG Group

for fabric filter in China
VT Corp for ESP in India

Professional Competence

ENVIROTHERM

Clean Combustion Technologies:

BFB and CFB

Professional Competence

Fluidized Bed Combustion:

Available Technologies

ENVIROTHERM

Bubbling and Circulating Fluidized Bed Technologies are a highly accepted

base technologies in utility and other industries for combustion of coal,
(high/low rank), biomass and various residual materials (sludges, RDF).
Fluidized Beds represent proven and reliable technologies with numerous
reference plants and excellent emission values.
Downstream technologies for dry dedusting (Electrostatic Precipitator and
Fabric Filter) are available with Envirotherm and are designed in accordance
with the latest environmental laws/directives.
BFBs cover the lower capacity range of steam production,
CFBs are available for larger units.
Both Fluidized Bed Technologies offer their specific advantages for their
specific range of application.
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Professional Competence

New Bagasse = New Challenge

ENVIROTHERM

Increase in moisture content (up to 65%):

lower heating value, resulting in higher amount of flue gas
Increase in chlorine content (up to 0,05%):
high potential for High Temperature Chlorine Corrosion in boilers without
appropriate design
Increase in content of impurities/ash (up to 10%):
to be considered in boiler and equipment design
Increase in sulphur content (up to 0,05%):
use of limestone required in order to meet legal SO2 emission limits

All future challenges mentioned will be met

by our BFBs and CFBs
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Professional Competence

Bubbling Fluidized Bed (1)

ENVIROTHERM

Use of primary air for fluidization and of secondary air for complete
combustion as well as for enhanced temperature and emission control
Injection of fuel directly into the bed via several feeding points in order to
support a homogeneous energy input across the combustor cross section
Proven fluidizing nozzles with low pressure drop,
but even air distribution

Professional Competence

Bubbling Fluidized Bed (2)

ENVIROTHERM

Flue gas recirculation for temperature control in case of varying fuel qualities
(e.g. season / off-season)
Bottom ash discharge via multiple openings in the fluidization nozzle grate or
via an open nozzle grate in case of high impurities / tramp material content
Co-combustion of various fuels is
possible, when considered during
boiler design

Professional Competence

Bubbling Fluidized Bed (3)

ENVIROTHERM

Coarse ash classification and re-feed into the BFB combustor in case of
high amount of ash in the fuel and
low amount of alkalines in the fuel ash

Desulphurization is possible via limestone injection

Operable load range between 50 and 100%
Application in the lower capacity range
High reliability due to
simple and robust design
good temperature control: avoids agglomerations
design of coarse ash discharge with sufficient margins

Professional Competence

Circulating Fluidized Bed (1)

ENVIROTHERM

Basic Principles of CFB Combustion

Intense and turbulent mixing of solid fuel,
air and flue gas
Uniform system temperature: no peaks,
no agglomerations
No HP-steam bundles in the ash stream:
no bundle erosion
Low and controlled combustion
temperature due to Fluidized Bed Heat
Exchanger technology
Generous residence time:
excellent carbon conversion
Optimum conditions for multiple fuels;
variation of fuel shares feasible during
operation
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Professional Competence

Circulating Fluidized Bed (2)

ENVIROTHERM

Basic Flow Sheet of a CFB Boiler

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Professional Competence

Circulating Fluidized Bed (3)

ENVIROTHERM

Emissions and Efficiency

Optimum and stable combustion conditions for lowest emissions

Efficient sulphur capture in the CFB combustor by limestone injection

Low NOx emissions due to

low combustion temperature
low excess air ratio
staged combustion

Partial capture of chlorine and fluorine

in the CFB combustor

High boiler efficiency due to

low excess air
high carbon burnout
no flue gas recirculation

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Professional Competence

ENVIROTHERM

Fluidized Beds: Comparison

Bubbling
Fluidized Bed

Circulating
Fluidized Bed

NOx

CO

min. Part Load Capabilty

Boiler Efficiency

Ability of Firing Varying Fuel Qualities

Ability to Cope with "New Bagasse"

Feature
Emissions

Dust
SO2 Capture
HCl and HF Capture
Combustor Cross Section
Complexity of Combustion System
Particle Residence Time
Uniformity of Combustion Temperature

CAPEX
OPEX
Status of Technology

Clean and reliable combustion technologies showing excellent

features with respect to emissions, efficiency and future bagasse
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Professional Competence

ENVIROTHERM

As a participant in Simtec 2011 ENVIROTHERM is very

pleased with the introduction of our technologies into the
Brazilian market, and we reaffirm our complete confidence in
the potential and performance of the Fluidized Bed Boilers.
Our partnership with DEDINI reinforces this confidence, and
guarantees that all the advantages of the Fluidized Bed
Boilers will be fully exploited to the benefit of the Brazilian
sugar, ethanol and bioelectricity market.
Werner-Fr. Staab, ENVIROTHERM GmbH

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Professional Competence

ENVIROTHERM

Obrigado!
for your attention

Envirotherm GmbH
Werner-Fr. Staab
Head of Sales (Thermal Processes)
Ruhrallee 185 D45136 Essen Germany
werner_staab@envirotherm.de
www.envirotherm.de
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Professional Competence

Lanamento

2011
LANAMENTO DAS CALDEIRAS COM LEITO FLUIDIZADO

&