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FLORIANPOLIS SC
2010
FLORIANPOLIS - SC
2010
Simone
Ghisi
Banca Examinadora:
Orientadora:
________________________________________________________
Prof. Simone Ghisi Feuerschtte, Dra.
ESAG/UDESC
Membro:
________________________________________________________
Prof. Maria Ester Menegasso, Dra.
ESAG/UDESC
Membro:
________________________________________________________
Prof. Nrio Amboni, Dr.
ESAG/UDESC
Membro externo:
________________________________________________________
Prof. Silvio Antnio Ferraz Crio, Dr.
DCE/UFSC
AGRADECIMENTOS
A Deus, que me concedeu sade fsica e mental, disposio e paz de esprito para
vencer os desafios proporcionados pela vida.
minha esposa, Mauri, por ter ficado ao meu lado nos momentos mais difceis e por
no ter deixado que eu desistisse.
Ao meu pai, Luiz Abner, que tambm foi meu professor durante toda a jornada do
Mestrado.
minha me, Maria Goretti, que, mesmo distante, me iluminou com seus
pensamentos e me mostrou o outro lado das coisas.
minha irm, Flvia, que foi minha segunda me, e ao meu cunhado, Mau Mau,
assim como aos meus irmos Luis Henrique, Alessandra e Lus Felipe.
famlia Cavalcante e famlia Holanda Bezerra, que, mesmo distantes, enviaram
bons pensamentos.
minha nova famlia, Dona La, Sr. Pedro, Pati, Fabi, Andr, Eduardo e Brbara,
que, alm de no me deixarem desistir, me proporcionaram, e ainda proporcionam, fins de
semana divertidos e saborosos, tornando a minha vida ainda mais feliz.
Aos meus mascotes, agora j um pouco mais crescidos, Lus Eduardo (o Dudulino),
Amandinha e Jlia (a Jubirucazinha), que continuam enchendo a minha vida de alegria.
Aos meus grandes amigos e padrinhos (a galera), os quais so uma extenso da minha
famlia e entenderam a minha ausncia no perodo de dedicao ao Mestrado: Estevam (in
memoriam), Joo Henrique, Marcos, Michelle, Rafael, Renata e Ricardo.
Diretoria (Alysson, Cludio e Falco) e aos colegas do MBA (Borbinha, Iran e
Marcon), que proporcionaram bons momentos que me fizeram agentar os desafios.
minha orientadora, Professora Simone, pela compreenso, pacincia e dedicao
com que me ajudou a realizar esta dissertao.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT
The telecommunications sector is strategic for a country that aims to the economic and social
development, considering that, besides being in itself an important industry, can leverage the
growth of other sectors of the economy, with its technological solutions. The current model of
telecoms regulation emerged in the context of the New Public Management, from the
privatization of Telebrs, when the State has demonstrated its inability to make investments
that ensure the maintenance of the sector. Thus, the provision of services has been transferred
to private enterprises in order to give more efficiency to government, but the responsibility to
regulate these services was maintained with the State, through the creation of the National
Telecommunications Agency. After thirteen years of privatization of industry, society, the
editorials of newspapers, the organs of consumer protection and control agencies have
questioned the efficiency of the current model with regard to ensuring the quality and
universalization of telecommunications services. Recently, there was the approach of the New
Public Service, suggesting that democratic principles of citizenship and popular participation
are taken into consideration in the administration of public services. This study aims to
analyze the process of regulation of public telecommunications services in the Brazilian
context, verifying the applicability of the principles of New Public Service for its
improvement. In relation to the proposed objectives with privatization and the subsequent
creation of the regulatory agency, we observed that many advances have been achieved,
especially in relation to the universalization of fixed and mobile telephony, together with the
social development of the country, with the penetration of services in low-income classes and
rural areas. However, many deficiencies have been triggered, or in relation to the quality of
telecommunications services, whether in relation to the performance of Brazil compared to
other countries. Starting from a principle of complementarity of public management models,
principles of New Public Service were used to suggest an enhancement of the regulation of
telecommunications services in the Brazilian context, to enable citizens to participate
effectively in this process.
LISTA DE FIGURAS
LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS
10
SUMRIO
1 INTRODUO....................................................................................................................11
1.1 TEMA E PROBLEMA DE PESQUISA.............................................................................11
1.2 OBJETIVOS.......................................................................................................................14
1.2.1 Objetivo Geral..................................................................................................................14
1.2.2 Objetivos Especficos.......................................................................................................14
1.3 JUSTIFICATIVA................................................................................................................14
2 FUNDAMENTAO TERICO-EMPRICA................................................................17
2.1 A ADMINISTRAO PBLICA BUROCRTICA: ORIGENS E PRINCPIOS..........18
2.1.1 A Administrao Pblica Burocrtica no Contexto Brasileiro........................................23
2.2 A REFORMA DO ESTADO E A ADMINISTRAO PBLICA GERENCIAL.........24
2.2.1 A Regulao Econmica dos Servios Pblicos..............................................................33
2.2.2 A Administrao Pblica Gerencial no Contexto Brasileiro...........................................36
2.3 O NOVO SERVIO PBLICO: UMA PERSPECTIVA POLTICA...............................39
2.3.1 Os Princpios do Novo Servio Pblico no Contexto Brasileiro.....................................47
2.4 A COMPLEMENTARIDADE DOS MODELOS DE ADMINISTRAO PBLICA...50
3 METODOLOGIA................................................................................................................53
3.1 CARACTERIZAO DA PESQUISA.............................................................................53
3.2 CONTEXTO DA PESQUISA............................................................................................55
3.3 INSTRUMENTOS DE COLETA DE CONTEDO.........................................................55
3.4 LIMITAES DA PESQUISA..........................................................................................56
4 APRESENTAO E ANLISE DOS RESULTADOS...................................................58
4.1 A REGULAO DOS SERVIOS DE TELECOMUNICAES NO BRASIL............58
4.1.1 As Agncias Reguladoras no Brasil.................................................................................58
4.1.2 Os Servios Pblicos de Telecomunicaes no Brasil.....................................................63
4.1.3 A Agncia Nacional de Telecomunicaes.....................................................................74
4.2 ANLISE DA REGULAO DAS TELECOMUNICAES NO BRASIL.................81
4.3 CONTRIBUIES DOS PRINCPIOS DO NSP AO MODELO REGULATRIO.....121
5 CONSIDERAES FINAIS............................................................................................133
6 SUGESTES PARA FUTURAS PESQUISAS...............................................................136
REFERNCIAS....................................................................................................................137