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Aula 02 - Inglês
Aula 02 - Inglês
Aula 02
Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
Aula 02 - INGLS
Hi, students?
Oi, alunos?
How is everybody? Ready to start?
Como esto todos? Prontos para comear?
D
em
o
PD
at
er
ar
em
ov
er
AVISO
Disponibilizei em aula extra um material com verbos para
complementar nossa Aula 2. No para sair decorando, hein!
apenas um material de consulta para poupar o tempo de vocs.
I hope you like it
Espero que gostem
1
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
Contedo
TEMPOS VERBAIS ................................................................
....................................................................... 3
PRESENT ................................................................
................................................................................ 5
PAST ....................................................................................
................................
.................... 17
FUTURE ................................................................................
................................
................ 25
PROVA 1 .................................................................................
................................
................. 33
TRADUO................................
................................................................
............................................ 43
D
em
o
REPORTAGEM ................................................................
.......................................................................... 64
TRADUO................................
................................................................
............................................ 66
PD
at
er
ar
em
ov
er
2
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
TEMPOS VERBAIS
Na lngua inglesa existem 12 tempos verbais:
Presente
1.
2.
3.
4.
Simple Present
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
(Presente
(Presente
(Presente
(Presente
Simples)
Contnuo)
Perfeito)
Perfeito Contnuo)
(Passado
(Passado
(Passado
(Passado
Simples)
Contnuo)
Perfeito)
Perfeito Contnuo)
Futuro
(Futuro
(Futuro
(Futuro
(Futuro
at
er
ar
Simple Future
Future Continuous
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Continuous
Simples)
Contnuo)
Perfeito)
Perfeito Contnuo)
PD
1.
2.
3.
4.
er
em
ov
Simple Past
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous
1.
2.
3.
4.
D
em
o
Passado
3
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
SIMPLE PRESENT
SIMPLE PAST
SIMPLE FUTURE
Tomorrow, I will play
soccer.
or
Tomorrow, I am going
toplay soccer.
FUTURE
CONTINUOUS
er
D
em
o
PAST
CONTINUOUS
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
em
ov
PAST PERFECT
FUTURE PERFECT
at
er
ar
PRESENT PERFECT
PD
PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
FUTURE PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
4
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
em
PRESENT
ov
er
ar
1) SIMPLE PRESENT
at
Verb to be
Am
Are
Is
Is
Is
Are
Are
Are
PD
e
Pronoun
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
er
Verbo to be
Eu
sou/estou
Voc
/est
Ele
/est
Ela
/est
Isso
/est
Ns
somos/estamos
Vocs
so/esto
Eles
so/esto
dances
eat
eat
eat
dance
dance
dance
er
eats
Verb to study
study
study
studies
study
study
study
em
We
You
They
Verb to dance
dance
dance
D
em
o
Verb to eat
eat
eat
ov
Pronoun
I
You
He
She
It
er
ar
at
Ex.
plays
play
enjoy
enjoys
dance
dances
write
writes
read
reads
PD
play
enjoy
dance
write
read
(brincar, jogar)
(divertir-se, desfrutar)
(danar)
(escrever)
(ler)
go
kiss
wash
watch
mix
buzz
goes
es
kiss
kisses
wash
washes
watch
watches
mix
mixes
buzz
buzzes
(ir)
(beijar)
(lavar)
(assistir)
(misturar)
(zumbir)
6
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
CONSOANTE + Y: Substitui-se
Substitui
o Y por I e adiciona-se ES.
Ex.
carry
cry
study
carries
carr
cries
ies
stud
studies
(carregar, levar)
(chorar)
(estudar)
EXCEO:
has
D
em
o
have
er
ar
em
ov
er
at
Negativa e interrogativa:Quando
interrogativa:Quando dispensam auxiliares
PD
1. Tratar-se
se de frase negativa ou interrogativa
2. Possuir um verbo alm do verbo to be
3. Verbo principal no estar no Present Continuous (ing)
Nesse caso, a estrutura :
Negativa
She
Verbo to
be
is
They
are
Sujeito
NOT
Complemento
not
pretty.
Ela no bonita.
not
angry.
7
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
Interrogativa
Verbo to be
Is
Are
Sujeito
she
they
Complemento
pretty?
angry?
Ela bonita?
Eles esto nervosos?
Negativa e interrogativa:Quando
interrogativa:Quando necessitam de auxiliares
sejam
obedecidos
D
em
o
ov
er
ar
em
DOES
DO
Verbo
like
speak
play
at
W
Sujeito
she
you
John
Complemento
cake?
English?
soccer?
PD
Do/Does
Does
Do
Does
er
Verbo
like
speak
play
Complemento
cake.
English.
soccer.
er
ov
em
D
em
o
No possui
Verbo principal no estar no Present Continuous (ing)
OK! No est, pois no temos verbo alm do to be (IS)
ar
er
PD
at
Tratar-se
se de frase negativa ou interrogativa
ATENO!
Observem que quando estamos nos referindo terceira pessoa do singular
(he/she/it), precisamos alterar o verbo, lembram?
Ex.
She likes cake.
He studies a lot.
ar
em
ov
er
D
em
o
at
er
PD
10
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
para
estruturar
Lembrem-se:
Lembrem
se: no
sentenas
negativas
ou
se usa auxiliar em frases
Ex.
Do you like to study?
Does she cook well?
I don't know her..
She doesn't understand math
D
em
o
er
2) PRESENT CONTINUOUS
em
ov
Ex.
ar
er
at
PD
11
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
Pronome
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Verbo to be
am
are
is
is
is
are
are
are
D
em
o
Ex.
ar
cutting
(cortando)
cut
ing
swim
swimm
mming (nadando)
em
ov
er
er
at
Ex.
PD
begin beginn
nning (comeando)
*slaba tnica em negrito
admit admitting (admitindo)*slaba
(esquecendo)
forget
forge
orgetting
2) Quando a ltima slaba no a slaba tnica
no dobra a ltima letra. Apenas acrescenta-se
acrescenta
ING.
Ex.
opening
(abrindo)
open
happening (acontecendo)*slaba
*slaba tnica em negrito
happen
whisper
whispering (cochichando)
OBS: Caso o verbo seja terminado em W, Y ou X, no se dobra a ltima
letra (independente de qual seja a slaba tnica). Apenas acrescenta-se
acrescenta
ING.
12
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
sew
snow
play
study
mix
fix
sewing
snowing
playing
studying
mixing
fixing
(costurando)
(nevando)
(jogando/tocando/brincando)
(estudando)
(misturando)
(consertando)
se o E e acrescenta-se
acrescenta
ING.
E: retira-se
Ex.
(abrindo)
(escrevendo)
(dirigindo)
seeing
Being
(vendo)
(sendo/estando)
er
D
em
o
loving
writing
driving
em
Exceo:
See
Be
ov
love
write
drive
IE: substitui-se
se o IE por Y e acrescenta-se
acrescenta
ING.
(amarrando)
(morrendo)
(mentindo)
er
tying
dying
lying
at
tie
die
lie
ar
Ex.
PD
13
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
3) PRESENT PERFECT
Usamos este tempo verbal para nos referirmos a 3 situaes:
1. Aes que comearam no passado e continuam at o
D
em
o
em
ov
er
er
ar
at
PD
3. Aes
Ex.
I have been to China.
She has never traveled to Brazil.
You have made a big mistake.
Eu estive na China
Ela nunca viajou para o Brasil
Voc cometeu um grande erro
Past
Participle
fallen
broken
Done
Have/Has
have
Hs
Hs
Complemento
asleep.
the vase.
the dishes.
Eu adormeci.
Ele quebrou o vaso.
Ela lavou a loua.
D
em
o
em
ov
er
ar
PD
at
er
15
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
Present Perfect
D
em
o
Quando a ao j se completou ou
quando queremos enfatizar o
resultado.
Eu lavei o carro.
ar
em
ov
er
have
been
We
have
Been
many things
lately.
Working
together for
years.
PD
been
Complemento
doing
at
Sujeito
Verbo
principal
+ ING
er
Have/
Has
16
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
PAST
1) SIMPLE PAST
The famous VERB TO BE (O famoso verbo ser/estar)
Pronome
Verbo to be
Eu
era/estava
Voc
era/estava
Ele
era/estava
Ela
era/estava
Isso
era/estava
Ns
D
em
o
Verb to be
was
were
was
was
was
were
were
were
eramos/estvamos
Vocs
Eles
eram/estavam
eram/estavam
em
ov
er
Pronoun
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
ar
at
er
PD
Verb to eat
ate
ate
Verb to dance
danced
danced
Verb to study
studied
studied
ate
danced
studied
ate
ate
ate
danced
danced
danced
studied
studied
studied
17
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
kissed
watched
washed
mixed
fixed
waited
(beijar)
(assistir)
(lavar)
(misturar)
(consertar)
(esperar)
D
em
o
kiss
watch
wash
mix
fix
wait
Y:
ov
er
played
destroyed
em
(brincar, jogar)
(destruir)
ar
play
destroy
Ex.
at
carried
cried
studied
(carregar, levar)
(chorar)
PD
carry
cry
study
er
Se precedido de consoante:Substitui-se
consoante:
o Y por I e adiciona-se
se IED.
Ex.
chop
step
prefer
admit
control
chopped
stepped
preferred
admitted
controlled
(picar)
(pisar)
(preferir)
(admitir)
(controlar)
EXCEES
Nos verbos terminados em X e W, no devemos dobrar a ltima consoante.
Ex.
fix
show
fixed
showed
(consertar)
(mostrar)
read
have
go
speak
read
had
went
spoke
(ler)
(ter)
(ir)
(falar)
em
ov
er
D
em
o
Negativa e interrogativa:Quando
interrogativa:Quando dispensam auxiliares
er
ar
PD
at
Tratar-se
se de frase negativa ou interrogativa
Possuir um verbo alm do verbo to be
Verbo principal no estar no Past Continuous (ing)
Negativa
Sujeito
She
They
Verbo to
be
was
were
NOT
Complemento
not
pretty.
not
angry.
Interrogativa
Verbo to be
Was
Were
Sujeito
she
they
Complemento
pretty?
angry?
19
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
Negativa e interrogativa:Quando
interrogativa:Quando necessitam de auxiliares
Caso os 3 requisitos apresentados acima
cumulativamente,precisamos usar um auxiliar.
sejam
obedecidos
Verbo
like
speak
play
Complemento
the cake?
English?
Soccer?
er
Sujeito
she
you
John
ov
Do/Does
Did
Did
Did
D
em
o
Complemento
the cake.
English.
Soccer.
Verbo
like
speak
play
ATENO!
at
er
ar
Sujeito
Did
She
didn't/did not
You
didn't/did not
John
didn't/did not
em
PD
20
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
Ex.
er
em
ov
er
ar
at
Ex.
PD
Ex.
Verbo to be
Was
were
was
Was
Was
We
You
They
Were
Were
Were
dancing
dancing
dancing
er
D
em
o
ar
em
ov
at
er
3) PAST PERFECT
PD
Had
Past
Participle
fallen
Complemento
had
He
had
left
Joana
had
done
Eu adormeci/tinha
adormecido quando
o filme comeou.
Ele saiu/tinha sado
antes que a me
lhe desse
permisso.
Joana lavou/tinha
lavado a loua
quando o marido
dela chegou.
22
D
em
o
ov
em
er
Ex.
ar
er
She had been trying to talk to him when she heard that
he was travelling.
at
Ela esteve/tinha estado tentado falar com ele quando ela ouviu que ele
estava viajando.
PD
Ex.
He became strong because he had been going to the gym a lot lately.
Ele se tornou forte porque ele tem ido muito academia ultimamente.
Sujeito
Had
Been
Verbo
principal
+ ING
Complemento
had
been
doing
the report
when the
phone rang.
We
had
been
running
when it started
to rain.
Eu estive/tinha estado
fazendo o relatrio
quando o telefone tocou.
Ns estvamos/tnhamos
estado correndo quando
comeou a chover.
23
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
PD
at
er
ar
em
ov
er
D
em
o
24
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
FUTURE
1) SIMPLE FUTURE
er
em
er
ar
Verb to be
am
are
is
is
is
are
are
are
Going to
going to
going to
going to
going to
going to
going to
going to
going to
PD
at
Pronoun
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
ov
Pronoun
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
D
em
o
will
will
will
Verb to dance
dance
dance
Verb to study
study
study
will
dance
study
We
You
They
will
will
will
dance
dance
dance
study
study
study
25
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
ar
em
ov
er
PD
at
er
26
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
2) FUTURE CONTINUOUS
Este tempo verbal expressa uma ao que estar ocorrendo em
algum momento definido no futuro.
Ex.
will be
working
ov
He
Complemento
in December.
em
will be
PD
Going to
be
at
OU
going to be
Verbo +
ING
travelling
Complemento
in December.
He is
Sujeito
+ verbo
to be
I AM
Eu estarei viajando
em dezembro.
Ele estar
trabalhando durante
o feriado.
er
ar
Will be
Verbo +
ING
travelling
Sujeito
er
D
em
o
going to be
working
Eu estarei viajando
em dezembro.
Ele estar
trabalhando durante
o feriado.
27
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
ov
er
D
em
o
Inverte-se
se as posies do sujeito e do WILL.
Ex.
Will they be leaving for Paris next week?
Will you be reading the newspaper tomorrow morning?
Will she be taking notes during the lecture next Friday?
em
PD
at
er
ar
Inverte-se
se as posies do sujeito e do verbo to be.
Ex.
Are they going to be leaving for Paris next week?
Are you going to be reading the newspaper tomorrow morning?
Is she going to be taking notes during the lecture next Friday?
28
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
3) FUTURE PERFECT
Trata de uma ao que ainda no ocorreu, mas que esperada ou
planejada, e que ser finalizada em tempo futuro especificado na
frase.
Ex.
D
em
o
er
will have
He
will have
Peter
will have
Complemento
ar
em
Past
Participle
achieved
Will have
Sujeito
ov
the dishes in 2
hours.
arrived
PD
at
er
done
Eu terei alcanado
este objetivo at o
ano que vem.
Ele ter terminado de
lavar a loua em 2
horas.
Peter ter chegado
at a hora de voc ir.
OU
Sujeito +
verbo to
be
I am
Going to
have
Past
Participle
Complemento
going to
have
achieved
He is
going to
have
done
the dishes in 2
hours.
Peter is
going to
have
arrived
Eu terei alcanado
este objetivo at o
ano que vem.
Ele ter terminado de
lavar a loua em 2
horas.
Peter ter chegado
at a hora de voc ir.
29
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
er
D
em
o
ar
em
ov
PD
at
er
By the end of this year, I will have been working here for
30 years.
At o final deste ano, eu estarei trabalhando aqui por 30 anos.
30
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
Will
have
will
have
We
will
have
Been
been
been
Verbo +
ING
Complemento
doing
Working
as managers
for 3 years by
2012.
Ns estaremos
trabalhando como
gerentes h 3 anos em
2012.
D
em
o
Sujeito
Verbo +
ING
ar
doing
We are
going
to have
been
at
er
I AM
going
to have
been
PD
e
W
Complemento
Been
em
Going
to
have
Sujeito +
verbo to
be
ov
er
OU
Working
as managers
for 3 years by
2012.
Ns estaremos
trabalhando como
gerentes h 3 anos em
2012.
PD
at
er
ar
em
ov
er
D
em
o
Inverte-se
se a posio do sujeito e do verbo to be.
Ex.
Are they going to have been playing as pros by 2014s Olympics?
32
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
PROVA 1
Sugiro que imprimam a prova toda e criem o banco de provas
Banco de provas
PROVA
SEE/SP
Cargo: PEB II Lngua Inglesa
Ano: 2014
D
em
o
Text I
er
em
ov
Attitudes to technology
PD
at
er
ar
Many people are afraid of new technology, and, with the increasing
presence of the Internet and computers, the term technophobe has
appeared to refer to those of us who might be wary of these new
05 developments. More recently, the term digital native has been
bee
invented to refer to someone who grows up using technology, and
who therefore feels comfortable and confident with it typically
todays children. Their parents, on the other hand, tend to be digital
immigrants, who have come late to the world of technology,
technology, if at all.
10 In many cases, teachers are the digital immigrants and our younger
students are the digital natives.
What about you? How confident do you feel about using the Internet
and computers? Although there is a tendency to call computer users
us
either technophobes or technogeeks (a term for a technology
15 enthusiast), the truth is that most of us probably fall somewhere
between the two extremes.
Technology and young learners
Modern technologies are very powerful because they rely on one
on of
the most powerful genetic biases we have the preference for
20 visually presented information. Television, movies, videos, and most
computer programs are very visually oriented and therefore attract
and maintain the attention of young children.
33
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
The problem with this is that many of the modern technologies are
very passive. Because of this they do not provide children with the
25 quality and quantity of crucial emotional, social, cognitive, or physical
experiences they require when they are young.
On the other hand, there are many positive qualities to modern
technologies. The technologies that benefit young children the
greatest are those that are interactive and allow the child to develop
30 their curiosity, problem solving and independent thinking skills.
s
at
er
ar
em
ov
er
D
em
o
PD
D
em
o
(E) electronic.
ov
er
em
ar
at
er
PD
35
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
(D) green.
ov
er
(E) purple.
em
Text II
ar
(from http://www.freeimages.com/photo/1088033)
http://www.freeimages.com/photo/1088033
at
er
(http://wwf.panda.org/
http://wwf.panda.org/)
PD
36
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
(A) F, F and T.
er
(B) T, F and T.
ov
(C) T, T and F.
em
(D) F, T and T.
ar
(E) F, T and F.
at
er
(A) future.
PD
(B) gerund.
(C) imperative.
ar
PD
20
at
er
15
em
ov
10
er
D
em
o
05
There are quite a lot of positive sides of learning English via the
medium music. First of all it is a very positive way of learning English.
Music is a part of our everyday life and especially young people are
very familiar with music. If the teacher provides
provides the possibility of a
positive access to a new topic, the kids will learn the new things
easier and with more fun and readiness. I am sure that the one or
the other pupil turns out to be a little music-expert.
music expert. This can
strengthen the self-consciousne
consciousness
ss of students who are not so good at
other areas because now they have the opportunity to show what
they know about a special artist or band. Another pro of teaching
language by using songs and music is that it is something different
for the students it is an alternation to the common methods of
language learning, because it is not only interested in input. Learning
with music speaks more than other language-learning-methods
language
methods to the
audio-channel
channel of the learner, which has the positive effect of training
listening
istening and comprehending language which is modified in terms of
intonation, pronunciation and articulation. Music in the classroom can
also be arranged in corporation with teachers of other subjects, so
that kids have the opportunity to use and practise the new knowledge
in more than one subject. Teachers of English could not only work
together with teachers of music, but also with teachers of German,
religion, ethics and history. There is a variety of different thematic
blocks which can be taught with the
the help of songs, for example
cultural or social studies, to name only two areas.
can also have negative effects. Not every student likes singing, acting
or working with music and songs.
songs. Some find it embarrassing and
childish, especially older students. If the majority of a class consists
of students who feel like that about working with music and songs in
30 the classroom, the teacher should be aware of the problem that it will
be hard to motivate the pupils. It can also be that some pupils
protest and even refuse to do several activities given by the teacher.
[] Another problem for teachers is the question of the right choice
of songs. Nowadays the kids are crazy about music which is called
call
35 Death Metal, Hip Hop or Acid House. So, many teachers think
that it is hard to fill the pupils of today with enthusiasm by using
Oldies.
38
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
Despite the fact that there are more positive effects of learning a
second language with songs and music than negative ones, most
40 teachers look at this method with mixed emotions. Some are of the
opinion that this is no real teaching and a waste of time with
wi
some
senseless activities. This is not true, of course. Out of my own pupilpupil
experience I can say that I have learned quite a lot with the help of
songs. I have acquired not only a plenty of new words and
45 vocabulary, but also several idioms and many ways to express
feelings.
D
em
o
(From http://www.grin.com/en/e
http://www.grin.com/en/e-book/122444/the-use-of-music
music-and-songs-intheefl
theefl-classroom)
ov
er
em
ar
er
at
PD
D
em
o
(E) throwaway.
ov
er
em
(A) stress.
ar
(B) strain.
er
(C) strong.
at
(D) strange.
PD
(E) straight.
64 The audio-channel
channel of the learner (line 15)
) depends on
the sense of hearing. The sense of taste is perceived by the
(A) tongue.
(B) elbow.
(C) ankle.
(D) wrist.
(E) knee.
40
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
(E) complicated.
ov
er
em
(A) money.
ar
(B) water.
er
(C) coin.
at
(D) time.
PD
(E) air.
41
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
(E) impossibility.
em
ov
er
69 In Despite
Despite the fact that there are more positive effects
(line 38),
), the underlined phrase can be replaced without
change in meaning by
(A) of course.
ar
(B) although.
at
er
(C) besides.
(D) in fact.
PD
(E) in sum.
42
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
TRADUO
Text I
Texto I
Technology for children in the classroom
Tecnologia para as crianas na sala de aula
Attitudes to technology
Atitudes face tecnologia
PD
at
er
ar
em
ov
er
D
em
o
Many people are afraid of new technology, and, with the increasing
presence of the Internet and computers, the term technophobe has
appeared to refer to those of us who might be wary of these new
05 developments. More recently, the term digital native has been
bee
invented to refer to someone who grows up using technology, and
who therefore feels comfortable and confident with it typically
todays children. Their parents, on the other hand, tend to be digital
immigrants, who have come late to the world of technology,
technology, if at all.
10 In many cases, teachers are the digital immigrants and our younger
students are the digital natives.
Muitas pessoas tm medo de novas tecnologias, e, com a presena
crescente da Internet e computadores, o termo tecnofbico
tecnofbico apareceu
para se
e referir queles de ns que podem
pode
ser desconfiados diante
destes
estes novos desenvolvimentos. Mais recentemente, o termo nativo
digital foi inventado para se referir a algum que cresce utilizando a
tecnologia, e que, portanto, se sente confortvel e confiante com ela
- tipicamente crianas de hoje. Seus pais, por outro lado, tendem a
ser imigrantes digitais, que chegaram tarde ao
o mundo da tecnologia,
se que chegaram.
chegaram. Em muitos casos, os professores so os
imigrantes digitais e nossos alunos mais jovens so os
o nativos
digitais.
What about you? How confident do you feel about using the Internet
and computers? Although there is a tendency to call computer users
either technophobes or technogeeks (a term for a technology
15 enthusiast), the truth is that most of us probably fall somewhere
between the two extremes.
E voc? O quo confiante voc se sente sobre o uso da Internet e dos
computadores? Embora haja uma tendncia de chamar os usurios de
computador quer de tecnofbicos ou quer de technogeeks (um termo para
um entusiasta da tecnologia), a verdade que a maioria de ns
provavelmente cai em algum lugar entre os dois extremos.
43
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
ov
er
The problem with this is that many of the modern technologies are
very passive. Because of this they do not provide children with the
25 quality and quantity of crucial emotional, social, cognitive, or physical
experiences they require when they are young.
ar
em
at
er
PD
ov
er
D
em
o
PD
at
er
ar
em
45
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
(D) apply.
aplicar.
em
ov
er
(E) evaluate.
avaliar.
er
ar
at
PD
applying the same criteria they would apply to any other learning
tool or experience.
(C) heavy.
pesado.
(D) actual.
real, verdadeiro.
(E) electronic.
eletrnico.
D
em
o
er
ar
em
ov
Para quem ficou na dvida com a letra B:: O examinador pediu somente o
sinnimo de REAL e no caracterstica de como um livro real, de acordo
com o contexto, seria (de papel/ paper).
PD
at
er
to
o look after
to
o look into
to
o look like
to
o look for
to
o look on
D
em
o
Letra A.
ar
em
ov
er
54 Besides
es new technologies, toys can also be used in class.
However,, teachers should be aware that the item which
should never be used as a toy is a
Alm das novas tecnologias, brinquedos tambm podem
m ser usados
na sala de aula. No entanto, os professores devem estar cientes de
que o item que nunca deve ser usado como um brinquedo um (a)
at
er
(A) net.
rede.
PD
(B) flag.
bandeira.
(D) ring.
anel.
(C) rope.
corda.
(E) lighter.
isqueiro.
Dentre os itens citados, qual oferece perigo evidente para crianas (kids)?
O isqueiro (lighter).
Logo, no deve ser usado em sala de aula (class) como brinquedo (toy).
Letra E.
48
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
(B) grey.
cinza.
ov
er
(C) blue.
azul.
em
(D) green.
verde.
at
er
ar
(E) purple.
roxa.
PD
Text II
Texto II
(from http://www.freeimages.com/photo/1088033)
http://www.freeimages.com/photo/1088033
49
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
em
ov
er
at
er
ar
O pequeno texto convoca o leitor a apoiar uma causa: lutar (fight) contra
a colheita destrutiva (destructive harvesting) e contra o comrcio no
regulamentado (unregulated trade) de corais. O texto
o pede a ajuda (help)
do leitor para prevenir (prevent) uma catstrofe (catastrophe).
Assim, o texto tem por objetivo pedir apoio (ask for support). Letra B.
PD
D
em
o
em
ov
er
er
ar
at
Letra E.
PD
(A) future.
futuro.
(B) gerund.
gerndio.
(C) imperative.
imperativo.
(D) simple past.
passado simples.
(E) simple present.
presente simples.
51
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
Vejamos como
omo fica a conjugao do verbo TO FIGHT nos
s tempos citados:
future
gerund
imperative
simple past
simple present
will fight
fighting
fight
fought
fight
er
D
em
o
Indicativo
Imperativo
Subjuntivo
em
ov
at
er
ar
(C) her.
ela.
F
PD
e
W
(B) me.
mim.
(A) us.
ns.
(D) him.
ele.
(E) them.
eles.
Questo sobre Pronomes. Em Nossos oceanos tropicais podemos
entender que os oceanos tropicais NOS pertencem. E qual o pronome
NOS em ingls? O pronome pessoal do caso oblquo US. Letra A.
52
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
at
20
PD
15
er
ar
10
em
ov
er
05
There are quite a lot of positive sides of learning English via the
medium music. First of all it is a very positive way of learning English.
Music is a part of our everyday life and especially young people are
very familiar with music. If the teacher provides
provides the possibility of a
positive access to a new topic, the kids will learn the new things
easier and with more fun and readiness. I am sure that the one or
the other pupil turns out to be a little music-expert.
music expert. This can
strengthen the self-consciousne
consciousness
ss of students who are not so good at
other areas because now they have the opportunity to show what
they know about a special artist or band. Another pro of teaching
language by using songs and music is that it is something different
for the students it is an alternation to the common methods of
language learning, because it is not only interested in input. Learning
with music speaks more than other language-learning-methods
language
methods to the
audio-channel
channel of the learner, which has the positive effect of training
listening
istening and comprehending language which is modified in terms of
intonation, pronunciation and articulation. Music in the classroom can
also be arranged in corporation with teachers of other subjects, so
that kids have the opportunity to use and practise the new knowledge
in more than one subject. Teachers of English could not only work
together with teachers of music, but also with teachers of German,
religion, ethics and history. There is a variety of different thematic
blocks which can be taught with the
the help of songs, for example
cultural or social studies, to name only two areas.
H um monte de lados positivos de aprender Ingls atravs do
d meio
musical.. Primeiro de tudo, uma forma muito positiva de aprender
Ingls. A msica uma parte da nossa vida cotidiana e
especialmente os jovens esto muito familiarizados com a msica. Se
o professor fornece a possibilidade de um acesso positivo a um novo
tpico, as crianas vo aprender as coisas novas mais fcil e com
mais diverso e prontido. Estou certo de que um ou outro aluno
acaba por ser um pouco "especialista
"especialista em msica". Isso pode
fortalecer a autoconscincia de estudantes que no so to bons em
1
53
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
em
ov
er
D
em
o
PD
at
er
ar
can also have negative effects. Not every student likes singing, acting
or working with music and songs. Some find it embarrassing and
childish, especially older students. If the majority of a class consists
consist
of students who feel like that about working with music and songs in
30 the classroom, the teacher should be aware of the problem that it will
be hard to motivate the pupils. It can also be that some pupils
protest and even refuse to do several activities given
given by the teacher.
[] Another problem for teachers is the question of the right choice
of songs. Nowadays the kids are crazy about music which is called
35 Death Metal, Hip Hop or Acid House. So, many teachers think
that it is hard to fill the pupils of today with enthusiasm by using
Oldies.
No entanto, usar a msica e as canes como um mtodo de ensino
da lngua tambm pode ter efeitos negativos. No todo estudante
que gosta de cantar, atuar ou trabalhar com msica e canes.
Alguns acham que embaraoso e infantil, especialmente estudantes
mais velhos. Se a maioria de uma classe composta
compost por alunos que
se sentem assim trabalhando
trabalha
com msica e canes em sala de aula,
aula
o professor deve estar ciente do problema de que ser difcil motivar
os alunos. Tambm pode ser que alguns alunos protestem
protest
e at
mesmo se recusem a fazer vrias atividades dadas pelo professor.
[...] Outro problema para os professores a questo da escolha
es
certa
de msicas. Hoje em dia as crianas so loucas
loucas por msica que
chamada de "Death Metal", "Hip Hop" ou "Acid House". Assim, muitos
54
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
ar
em
ov
er
D
em
o
Despite the fact that there are more positive effects of learning a
second language with songs and music than negative ones, most
40 teachers look at this method with mixed emotions. Some are of the
opinion that this is no real teaching and a waste of time with some
senseless activities. This is not true, of course. Out of my own pupilpupil
experience I can say that I have learned quite a lot with the help of
songs. I have acquired not only a plenty of new words and
45 vocabulary, but also several idioms and many ways
ways to express
feelings.
Apesar do fato de que h mais efeitos positivos de aprender uma
segunda lngua com canes e msica do que negativo
negativos, a maioria
dos professores olha para este mtodo com emoes misturadas.
Alguns so da opinio de que isso no ensinamento verdadeiro e
sim um desperdcio de tempo com algumas atividades sem sentido.
Isso no verdade, claro. Da minha prpria experincia
ncia de aluno,
posso dizer que eu aprendi bastante com a ajuda de canes. Eu
adquiri no somente uma abundncia de novas palavras e
vocabulrio, mas tambm vrias expresses idiomticas e muitas
maneiras de expressar sentimentos.
at
er
(From http://www.grin.com/en/e
http://www.grin.com/en/e-book/122444/the-use-of-music
music-and-songs-intheefl
theefl-classroom)
PD
55
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
ov
er
er
ar
em
PD
at
56
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
ov
er
D
em
o
ar
em
PD
at
er
(C) through.
atravs de.
(D) thorough.
completo.
(E) throwaway.
descartvel.
preposio
substantivo / verbo
though
through
conjuno
preposio
thorough
throwaway
adjetivo
adjetivo
ar
em
ov
er
via
throw
D
em
o
at
er
PD
Letra C.
(E) straight.
em linha reta, direito..
D
em
o
64 The audio-channel
channel of the learner (line 15)
) depends on
the sense of hearing. The sense of taste is perceived by the
O "canal de udio do aluno" (linha 15)) depende do sentido da
audio. O sentido do gosto percebido
percebid pelo (a):
ov
er
(A) tongue.
lngua.
em
(B) elbow.
cotovelo.
er
ar
(C) ankle.
tornozelo.
at
(D) wrist.
pulso.
PD
(E) knee.
joelho.
59
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
(C) heavy.
pesado.
(D) difficult.
difcil.
(E) complicated.
complicado.
D
em
o
ov
er
em
(A) money.
dinheiro.
er
ar
(B) water.
gua.
W
F
PD
(D) time.
tempo.
(E) air.
ar.
at
(C) coin.
moeda de metal.
60
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
D
em
o
(C) illustration.
ilustrao.
ov
er
(D) condition.
condio.
ar
em
(E) addition.
adio.
at
er
PD
Pedir permisso
Fazer um pedido
Sugesto
could
Possibilidade futura
ov
er
D
em
o
Habilidade do
passado
er
ar
em
PD
at
69 In Despite
Despite the fact that there are more positive effects
(line 38),
), the underlined phrase can be replaced without
change in meaning by
Em Despite the fact that there are more positive effects (linha 38) a
frase sublinhada pode ser substituda
substitud sem mudana de sentido por
(A) of course.
claro.
(B) although.
embora.
62
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
(C) besides.
alm do mais.
(D) in fact.
na verdade.
(E) in sum.
em resumo.
Vamos entender as assertivas:
no obstante, apesar de,, apesar do
fato de
certamente, claro, naturalmente
apesar de (que), embora, contudo
alm disso, tambm
de fato, para dizer a verdade
em resumo
D
em
o
em
ov
er
of course
although
besides
in fact
in sum
ar
Letra B.
PD
at
er
(A) time.
tempo.
(B) place.
lugar.
(C) manner.
modo.
(D) situation.
situao.
(E) circumstance.
circunstncia.
O advrbio o NOWADAYS, que significa hoje em dia. Portanto, refere-se
refere
a
tempo (time). Letra A.
63
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
REPORTAGEM
Banco de Textos
Texto
exto retirado do site www.washingtonpost.com
Parte 2
er
D
em
o
em
ov
ar
PD
at
er
How will Congress work when its speaker opposes the government
but his party remains allied? Will Calheiros, who is also being
investigated, be dragged in? And what will he do then? Can Rousseff,
who so far is untouched, but who was both chairwoman of the
Petrobras board of directors and a Minister of Mines and Energy,
survive?
The company's CEO and four other executives are jailed in connection
with the Petrobras probe and federal police have offered evidence
against them. Here, too, they deny the allegations and have not yet
been formally charged.
PD
at
er
ar
em
ov
er
D
em
o
65
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
TRADUO
D
em
o
em
ov
er
at
er
ar
PD
How will Congress work when its speaker opposes the government
but his party remains allied? Will Calheiros, who is also being
investigated, be dragged in? And what will he do then? Can Rousseff,
who so far is untouched, but who was both chairwoman of the
Petrobras board of directors and a Minister of Mines and Energy,
survive?
Como que o Congresso funcionar quando seu presidente se ope
ao governo, mas seu partido continua aliado? Ser que Calheiros, que
tambm est sendo investigado, ser arrastado junto? E o que ele vai
fazer quando isso acontecer? Pode Rousseff, que at agora est
intocada,
ntocada, mas que era Presidente do Conselho de Administrao da
Petrobras e Ministra de Minas e Energia, sobreviver?
The Cunha news broke around the same time as it emerged that
prosecutors had formalized a separate investigation into the populist
former Workers Party President, Luiz Incio Lula da Silva, known as
Lula, which involves a company cited in the Petrobras inquiry.
A notcia de Cunha estourou mais ou menos ao mesmo tempo em
que se verificou que os procuradores tinham formalizado
formalizado uma
investigao separada sobre o populista ex-presidente
ex presidente do Partido dos
66
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
at
er
ar
em
ov
er
D
em
o
PD
The company's CEO and four other executives are jailed in connection
with the Petrobras probe and federal police have offered evidence
against them. Here, too, they deny the allegations and have not yet
been formally
mally charged.
O CEO da empresa e outros quatro executivos esto presos em
conexo com o inqurito da Petrobras e policiais federais ofereceram
provas contra eles. Aqui, tambm, eles negam as acusaes e ainda
no foram acusados formalmente.
Each new revelation
velation increases the temperature in Brazilian political
circles. With the economy sinking further and Rousseff, Lula's
protge, down to a single-digit
single digit approval rating, their impact could
swell anti-government
government demonstrations planned across the country on
Aug. 16.
Cada nova revelao aumenta a temperatura nos crculos polticos
brasileiros. Com a economia afundando mais e Rousseff, protegida de
Lula, com um ndice de aprovao de um dgito, seu impacto poderia
inchar manifestaes anti-governo
anti
planejadas em
m todo o pas em 16
de agosto.
67
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
VOCABULRIO DA AULA
Banco de vocabulrio
PD
D
em
o
er
ov
em
ndice de aprovao
articulao
canal de adio
alm disso, tambm
mais adequada
Conselho
telegrama
catstrofe
Presidente
infantil
escolha
crculos
sala de aula
coalizo
moeda de metal
comentaristas
comum
complicado
compreenso
conglomerado
Congresso
conservadores
louco
crticos
atualmente
perigo
ar
m
at
acusaes
atividades
real, verdadeiro
ar
alegaes
aliado
alternncia
apesar de (que), embora, contudo
manifestaes anti-governo
governo
er
accusations
activities
actual
air
allegations
ally
alternation
although
anti-government
government
demonstrations
approval rating
articulation
audio-channel
besides
better suited
board
cable
catastrophe
chairwoman / chairman
childish
choice
circles
classroom
coalition
coin
commentators
common
complicated
comprehending
conglomerate
Congress
conservative
crazy
critics
currently
danger
68
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
dark
deal
despite the fact that
PD
J
K
er
ov
em
ar
m
er
at
destructive
difficult
diplomatic cables
diplomats
easy
economy
effects
embarrassing
emotions
end
endless
enthusiasm
ethics
everyday life
evidence
fast
feelings
flag
former
fun
good
government
hard
harvesting
heavy
horror film
idioms
impact
in corporation
in fact
in sum
influence peddling
inhabitants
input
inquiry
intonation
irregularities
jail
kids
knowledge
known as
language
learner
D
em
o
escuro
acordo
no obstante, apesar de,, apesar do fato
de
destrutiva
difcil
telegramas diplomticos
diplomatas
fcil
economia
efeitos
embaraoso, constrangedor
emoes
fim
sem fim
entusiasmo
tica
vida cotidiana
provas, evidncias
rpido
sentimentos
bandeira
ex, antigo, anterior
diverso
bom
governo
duro, difcil
colheita
pesado
filme de terror
expresses idiomticas
impacto
em conjunto
de fato, para dizer a verdade
em resumo
trfico de influncia
habitantes
entrada
inqurito
entoao
irregularidades
priso
crianas
conhecimento
conhecido como
linguagem, idioma
aprendiz
69
PD
em
ov
er
D
em
o
misturado
dinheiro
msica
rede
novo
Jornal impresso
certamente, claro, naturalmente
mandato, cargo ou funo pblica
velho
em favor de
no ar, na TV
oportuinidade
papel
partido poltico
poltica
populista
lados positivos
pr
inqurito
pronncia
protegido
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Senate
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speaker
70
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
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72
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch
U
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study
survive
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swell
teach
throw
train
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work
write
estudar
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Expresses idiomticas
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cuidar, tomar conta
PD
Bye! :)
Gabriela
73
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br | Prof. Gabriela Knoblauch