Ingles Intensivo Intermedio - Issuu Com 80

VAUGHAN
CLASSROOM
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Contents
PAGE 02 Translation Booklet 2
PAGE 18 Vocabulary Booklet 2
PAGE 46 Presentations and Public Speaking
PAGE 63 Cloverdale’s Characters
PAGE 68 Sudoku Inglés
PAGE 73 Most Common Irregular Verbs
PAGE 74 Pronunciation of Common Regular Verbs
PAGE 75 Common Errors by Spanish Speakers

Translation
Booklet
2
LIST 1 - There + to be Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Hay un problema con el sistema nuevo. There’s a problem with the new system.
2. Hay varios asuntos que atender. There are several matters to take care of.
3. Había mucha gente aquí cuando llegué. There were a lot of people here when I arrived.
4. Hubo una explosión en la fábrica anoche. There was an explosion in the factory last night.
5. Había varios faxes aquí esta mañana. There were several faxes here this morning.
6. Habrá una fiesta esta noche si no llueve. There will be a party tonight if it doesn’t rain.
7. Va a haber una reunión esta tarde. There’s going to be a meeting this afternoon.
8. Va a haber muchos problemas con esto. There are going to be a lot of problems with this.
9. Ha habido un malentendido. There’s been a misunderstanding.
10. Ha habido varios casos. There have been several cases.
11. Habría menos casos si hubiera una vacuna. There would be fewer cases if there were a vaccine.
12. Debe de haber una solución. There must be a solution.
13. Tiene que haber una forma de resolverlo. There has to be a way to solve it.
14. Tiene que haber al menos tres. There have to be at least three.
15. Debería haber más sillas. There should be more chairs.
16. Podría haber más de lo que piensas. There could be more than you think.
Me dijeron el otro día que había habido problemas They told me the other day that there had been
17. con el sistema nuevo. problems with the new system.
18. Siempre ha habido problemas con el sistema. There have always been problems with the system.
19. No parece haber una solución. There doesn’t seem to be a solution.
Habría habido más problemas si no hubiéramos There would’ve been more problems if we hadn’t seen
20. visto el error a tiempo. the mistake in time.
21. Antes había mucha gente aquí. There used to be a lot of people here.
22. No hay tantos como antes había. There aren’t as many as there used to be.
23. No tiene que haber una solución necesariamente. There doesn’t necessarily have to be a solution.
24. No puede haber tanta gente There can’t be that many people. (So many)
25. Puede que haya una solución. There may be a solution.
c Vaughan Systems, 2004. Reservados todos los derechos. PAGE 3

LIST 2 - Direct & indirect imperatives Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Que lo haga así. Have her do it this way.
2. Quieren que lo hagas así. They want you to do it this way.
3. Yo quisiera que lo hicieras así. I’d like you to do it this way.
4. Te dije que lo hicieras así. I told you to do it this way.
5. No lo hagas por favor. Don’t do it please.
6. Diles que no me molesten. Tell them not to bother me.
7. Te dije que les dijeras que no me molestaran. I told you to tell them not to bother me.
8. No le molestéis. Don’t bother him.
9. No quiero que le molestéis. I don’t want you to bother him.
10. ¿Os importaría no molestarle? Would you mind not bothering him?
11. Pídeles que no me molesten. Ask them not to bother me.
12. Ya les he dicho que no te molesten. I’ve already told them not to bother you.
13. Enséñamelo. Show it to me.
14. No me lo enseñes. Don’t show it to me.
15. Dile que me lo enseñe. Tell him to show it to me.
16. Dile que no me lo enseñe. Tell him not to show it to me.
17. Quiero que me lo enseñes. I want you to show it to me.
18. Que me llamen. Have them call me.
19. Que nos guarden una copia. Have them keep a copy for us.
20. Que lo hagan de nuevo. Have them do it again.
21. Que lo comprueben. Have them check it.
22. Que se haga. Have it done.
23. Que se pinte. Have it painted.
24. Que se mande a esta dirección. Have it sent to this address.
25. Que se imprima. Have it printed.

LIST 3 - The accusative Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Quiero que me lo den en mano. I want them to give it to me in hand.
2. Quisiera que organizaran una reunión. I’d like them to set up a meeting.
3. Necesito que ellos me ayuden con esto. I need them to help me with this.
4. Quiero que seamos amigos. I want us to be friends.
5. ¿Qué quieren ellos que hagamos? What do they want us to do?
6. ¿Qué esperan que yo haga? What do they expect me to do?
7. ¿Cuándo esperan que lo terminemos? When do they expect us to finish it?
8. ¿Por qué necesitan que les ayudemos? Why do they need us to help them?
9. Quiero que lo busques. I want you to look for it.
10. Él quiere que yo lo busque. He wants me to look for it.
11. Quiero que el resto de la gente sepa la verdad. I want the rest of the people to know the truth.
12. Quiero que todos vayáis juntos. I want all of you to go together.
13. No quieren que mezclemos más de tres colores. They don’t want us to mix more than three colors.
14. No quiero que lo tomes así. I don’t want you to take it that way.
15. Quiero que mis hijos sean felices. I want my children to be happy. (Kids)
16. Queremos que llueva. We want it to rain.
17. Quiero que se haga realidad. I want it to come true.
18. Quiero que ocurra pronto. I want it to happen soon.
19. Quiero que dure. I want it to last.
20. Quiero que se programe para mañana. I want it to be scheduled for tomorrow.
21. Quiero que esta sea la última vez. I want this to be the last time.
22. Quiero que esté listo para mañana. I want it to be ready for tomorrow.
23. Quiero que el trabajo se haga. I want the job to be done.
24. Quiero que la reunión se posponga. I want the meeting to be postponed.
25. Quiero que se convoque para el próximo mes. I want it to be called for next month.

LIST 4 - To get Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. No dejes que ello te deprima. Don’t let it get you down.
2. Me pondré en contacto con él. I’ll get in touch with him. (Get in contact with)
3. Te acostumbrarás a mi estilo. You’ll get used to my style.
4. Me perdí. I got lost.
5. Larguémonos de aquí. Let’s get out of here.
6. Tardé dos meses en recuperarlo. It took me two months to get it back.
7. No estoy llegando a ninguna parte. I’m not getting anywhere.
8. Lo superé. I got over it.
9. Súbete al autobús. Get on the bus.
10. Bájate del autobús. Get off the bus.
11. Bájate del árbol. Get down from the tree.
12. Aléjate del humo. Get away from the smoke.
13. Él no sabe transmitir sus ideas. He doesn’t know how to get his ideas across.
14. Me las apaño. I get by.
15. Sal del coche. Get out of the car.
16. Métete en el coche. Get into the car.
17. Cuando llegues allí, llámame. When you get there, call me.
18. ¿A qué hora llegaste a casa? What time did you get home?
19. Recibí más de 20 cartas ayer. I got more than 20 letters yesterday.
20. Él siempre se sale con la suya. He always gets his way.
21. Pongámonos en marcha. Let’s get going.
22. Vaya al grano. Get to the point.
23. Hay maneras de burlar la ley. There are ways to get round the law.
24. ¡Quítate de en medio! Get out of the way!
25. No me malinterpretes. Don’t get me wrong.

LIST 5 - Used to / To be-get used to Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Yo antes conocía a mucha gente importante. I used to know a lot of important people.
2. Yo antes tenía más tiempo libre. I used to have more free time.
3. Antes venían por aquí más a menudo. They used to come (around) here more often.
4. Antes había más días festivos. There used to be more holidays.
5. Él antes era cura. He used to be a priest.
6. Yo antes era oficial del ejército. I used to be an army officer.
7. Yo antes era feliz. I used to be happy.
8. Antes era fácil encontrar trabajo. It used to be easy to find a job.
9. Antes nevaba mucho aquí en invierno. It used to snow a lot here in the winter.
10. Antes llovía más también. It used to rain more too.
11. Estoy acostumbrado a ir al trabajo en coche. I’m used to driving to work.
12. Están acostumbrados a salirse con la suya. They’re used to getting their way.
13. No estaban acostumbrados a mi acento. They weren’t used to my accent.
14. Tardaron meses en acostumbrarse a ello. It took them months to get used to it.
15. Ya te acostumbrarás. You’ll get used to it.
16. Yo antes comía en buenos restaurantes. I used to eat in good restaurants.
17. No estoy acostumbrado a restaurantes baratos. I’m not used to cheap restaurants.
18. Pues más vale que te acostumbres a ello. Well you’d better get used to it.
Ahora que estoy en prisión, tengo que acostumbrarme

19. Now that I’m in prison, I have to get used to a lot of new things.
a muchas cosas nuevas.
20. No estoy acostumbrado a mi cama nueva. I’m not used to my new bed.
21. Antes dormía en una cama de matrimonio de tamaño especial. I used to sleep in a king-size bed.
22. Ahora tendré que acostumbrarme a esta. Now I’ll have to get used to this one.
23. No estoy acostumbrado a la comida de la prisión. I’m not used to prison food.
24. Antes comía como un rey. I used to eat like a king.
25. Tendré que acostumbrarme a una nueva dieta. I’ll have to get used to a new diet.

LIST 6 - Modals (defective verbs) Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Puedo hacerlo. I can do it.
2. Le dije que podía hacerlo. I told you I could do it.
3. Puede que él lo haga. He may do it.
4. Te dije que él posiblemente lo haría. I told you he might do it.
5. Deberías hacerlo. You should do it. (Ought to)
6. Debes hacerlo. (Moralmente obligado) You must do it.
7. Tienes que hacerlo. (No hay más remedio.) You have to do it.
8. Más vale que lo hagas, porque si no… You’d better do it, because otherwise…
9. Más te vale. You’d better.
10. Deberías llamarla más a menudo. You ought to call her more often. (Should)
11. No deben de estar en casa. They must not be at home. (Sin contracción)
12. Ese señor debe de ser rico. That man must be rich.
13. Preferiría estar contigo que con ella. I’d rather be with you than with her.
14. ¿Nos vamos? Shall we go?
15. ¿Qué hacemos? What shall we do?
16. ¿Abro la ventana? Shall I open the window?
17. No tienes que convencerme. You don’t have to convince me.
18. No debes tocar eso. You mustn’t touch that.
19. No deberías estar aquí. You shouldn’t be here.
20. Más vale que te vayas, porque si no… You’d better leave, because otherwise…
21. ¿Qué puedo hacer con esto? What can I do with this?
22. Es posible que sea demasiado tarde. It may be too late.
23. Es posible que haya un malentendido. There may be a misunderstanding.
24. Es posible que haya habido un malentendido. There may have been a misunderstanding.
25. No podría ser de otro modo. It couldn’t be any other way.

LIST 7 - How long… take Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Tardo media hora en preparar una lista. It takes me half an hour to prepare a list.
2. Estoy tardando mucho en preparar esta lista. It’s taking me a long time to prepare this list.
3. Tardé dos años en aprender español. It took me two years to learn Spanish.
4. Tardaré 20 minutos en terminar esta lista. It’ll take me 20 minutes to finish this list.
5. Tardaría más si hiciera un descanso para el café. It would take me longer if I took a coffee break.
6. He tardado tres días en llegar hasta esta lista. It’s taken me three days to get to this list.
7. Te dije ayer que había tardado tres días. I told you yesterday it had taken me three days.
8. Habría tardado más si hubiera habido problemas. It would’ve taken me longer if there had been any problems.
9. Antes tardaba menos en preparar una lista. It used to take me less time to prepare a list.
10. A veces puedo tardar más de una hora. Sometimes it can take me more than an hour.
11. Debería tardar menos de 15 minutos. It should take me less than 15 minutes.
12. Puede que tarde dos horas en preparar esta lista. It may take me two hours to prepare this list.
13. Se tarda cinco horas en ir a Sevilla. It takes five hours to go to Seville.
14. Se tarda mucho tiempo en aprender un idioma. It takes a long time to learn a language.
15. Se tarda bastante tiempo. It takes quite a long time.
16. No se tarda mucho. It doesn’t take long.
17. ¿Cuánto se tarda en aprender este programa? How long does it take to learn this program?
18. ¿Cuánto se tarda en volar a Nueva York? How long does it take to fly to New York?
19. ¿Cuánto se tarda en aprender a conducir? How long does it take to learn how to drive?
20. Tardé mucho. It took me a long time.
21. Tardaste mucho. It took you a long time.
22. Él tardó mucho. It took him a long time.
23. Ella tardó mucho. It took her a long time.
24. Tardamos mucho. It took us a long time.
25. Tardasteis mucho. It took you a long time.

LIST 8 - Negative questions Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. ¿Por qué no funcionaba? Why didn’t it work?
2. ¿Por qué no lo has hecho todavía? Why haven’t you done it yet?
3. ¿Por qué no ha ocurrido todavía? Why hasn’t it happened yet?
4. ¿Por qué no nos han llamado aún? Why haven’t they called us yet?
5. ¿Por qué no estarás allí? Why won’t you be there?
6. ¿Por qué no estará listo? Why won’t it be ready?
7. ¿Por qué no les gustará? Why won’t they like it?
8. ¿Por qué no sería aconsejable? Why wouldn’t it be advisable?
9. ¿Por qué no querrías algo así? Why wouldn’t you want something like that?
10. ¿Por qué no pudiste ir? Why couldn’t you go?
11. ¿Por qué no se ha hecho? Why hasn’t it been done?
12. ¿Por qué no se hará? Why won’t it be done?
13. ¿Por qué no se está haciendo? Why isn’t it being done?
14. ¿Por qué no se hace nunca? Why isn’t it ever done?
15. ¿Por qué no se hizo? Why wasn’t it done?
16. ¿Por qué no nos invitan nunca? Why don’t they ever invite us?
17. ¿Por qué no deberíamos hacerlo? Why shouldn’t we do it?
18. ¿Por qué no ha sido confirmado? Why hasn’t it been confirmed?
19. ¿Por qué no lo habrías hecho? Why wouldn’t you have done it?
20. ¿Por qué no tiene nadie secretaria aquí? Why doesn’t anyone have a secretary here?
21. ¿Por qué no vas allí con ellos? Why don’t you go there with them?
22. ¿Por qué no lo pruebas? Why don’t you try it?
23. ¿Por qué no cae él bien a nadie? Why doesn’t anyone like him?
24. ¿Por qué no sería correcto? Why wouldn’t it be correct?
25. ¿Por qué no pasamos a otra lista? Why don’t we go on to another list?

LIST 9 - Still / Yet / Already / Anymore Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. No hemos empezado todavía. We haven’t started yet. (Begun)
2. Todavía estamos esperando. We’re still waiting.
3. ¿Has comido ya? Have you eaten yet?
4. Ya he comido. I’ve already eaten.
5. No he comido todavía. I haven’t eaten yet.
6. ¿Has terminado el informe ya? Have you finished the report yet?
7. No lo he terminado todavía. I haven’t finished it yet.
8. Ya lo he terminado. I’ve already finished it.
9. Todavía estoy trabajando en ello. I’m still working on it.
10. Ya no estoy trabajando en ello. I’m not working on it anymore.
11. ¿Sigues saliendo con ella? Are you still going out with her?
12. Todavía salgo con ella. I’m still going out with her.
13. Ya no salgo con ella. I’m not going out with her anymore.
14. Ya la he dejado. I’ve already left her.
15. No la he dejado todavía. I haven’t left her yet.
16. ¿Ha llegado ya el tren? Has the train arrived yet?
17. No ha llegado todavía. It hasn’t arrived yet.
18. Todavía está en camino. It’s still on the way.
19. Ya ha llegado. It’s already arrived.
20. Ya no está en camino. It’s not on the way anymore.
21. ¿Todavía me quieres? Do you still love me?
22. Todavía te quiero. I still love you.
23. Ya no te quiero. I don’t love you anymore.
24. Ya he encontrado a otra mujer. I’ve already found another woman.
25. ¿Le has visto ya? Have you seen him yet?

LIST 10 - Future or first conditional Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Lo haré si me ayudas. I’ll do it if you help me.
2. Vendrán si les llamas. They’ll come if you call them.
3. Saldremos si no llueve. We’ll go out if it doesn’t rain.
4. Saldré en cuanto deje de llover. I’ll go out as soon as it stops raining.
5. Si me abandonas, lloraré. If you leave me, I’ll cry.
6. ¿Qué pasará si te cogen? What’ll happen if they catch you?
7. ¿Qué harás si eso no ocurre? What’ll you do if that doesn’t happen?
8. Te lo mandaré tan pronto como lo tenga. I’ll send it to you as soon as I have it.
9. No lo harán a no ser que les pagues mucho. They won’t do it unless you pay them a lot.
10. Iré en cuanto termine esta carta. I’ll go as soon as I finish this letter.
11. No trabajaré con ellos si no me ofrecen coche. I won’t work with them if they don’t offer me a car.
12. No aprenderás si no estudias. You won’t learn if you don’t study.
13. Se hará si hay suficiente dinero. It will be done if there’s enough money.
14. Comenzarán en cuanto termine la clase. They’ll start as soon as the class is over.
15. Te lo haré si eso es lo que quieres. I’ll do it for you if that’s what you want.
16. No lo gastaré a menos que me vea obligado. I won’t spend it unless I’m forced to.
17. No pasará nada si nadie dice nada. Nothing will happen if nobody says anything.
18. Todo el mundo se enfadará si lo pospones. Everybody will get angry if you postpone it.
19. ¿Cómo irás si no te llevo? How will you go if I don’t take you?
20. No diré nada hasta que no me digan algo. I won’t say anything until they tell me something.
21. No haré nada hasta que no aprueben el plan. I won’t do anything until they approve the plan.
22. Nadie te apoyará si te portas así. No one will support you if you behave like that.
23. Lo compraré cuando tenga dinero. I’ll buy it when I have some money.
24. Lo haré cuando pueda. I’ll do it when I can.
25. No lo haré a menos que me apoyes. I won’t do it unless you support me.

LIST 11 - Present or second conditional Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Lo haría si pudiera. I’d do it if I could.
2. Te ayudaría si tuviera suficiente dinero. I’d help you if I had enough money.
3. Ganaría más dinero si supiera inglés. I’d earn more money if I knew English.
4. Dejaría la compañía si me bajaran el sueldo. I’d leave the company if they cut my salary.
5. ¿Qué harías si eso pasara? What would you do if that happened?
6. Saldríamos si no estuviera lloviendo. We’d go out if it weren’t raining.
7. Yo que tú no lo haría. If I were you, I wouldn’t do it.
8. Si le conocieras, entenderías mi punto de vista. If you knew him, you’d understand my point of view.
9. Si fuera verdad, no sé lo que haría. If it were true, I don’t know what I’d do.
10. Si no fueras tan cabezota, venderías más. If you weren’t so hard-headed, you’d sell more.
11. Si no estuviera lloviendo, comeríamos fuera. If it weren’t raining, we’d eat outside.
12. Si supieran lo que yo sé, nos apoyarían. If they knew what I know, they’d support us.
13. Si pudieras estar a las tres, te lo agradecería. If you could be here at three, I’d appreciate it.
14. ¿Dónde vivirías si no pudieras vivir aquí? Where would you live if you couldn’t live here?
15. Si esta casa fuera mía, la ampliaría. If this house were mine, I’d enlarge it.
16. Si fuera tuya, la destrozarías. If it were yours, you’d destroy it.
17. Si hubiera más gente aquí, terminaríamos antes. If there were more people here, we’d finish sooner.
18. Si no necesitaran dinero, no estarían aquí. If they didn’t need money, they wouldn’t be here.
19. Si no me molestaras tanto, podría terminarlo. If you didn’t bother me so much, I could finish it.
20. Si el mío fuera como el tuyo, todo sería distinto. If mine were like yours, everything would be different.
21. Si supieras tanto como yo, serías un genio. If you knew as much as I do, you’d be a genius.
22. ¿Qué pasaría si no hiciéramos nada? What would happen if we didn’t do anything?
23. Si todo estuviera listo, podríamos empezar ya. If everything were ready, we could begin right away.
24. ¿Qué harías tú si estuvieras en mi lugar? What would you do if you were in my shoes?
25. Si no me ayudaran, no podría hacerlo. If they didn’t help me, I wouldn’t be able to do it.

LIST 12 - Past or third conditional Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Si le hubieras visto, te habrías dado cuenta. If you’d seen him, you would’ve realized.
2. Si me lo hubieran enviado, lo habría corregido. If they’d sent it to me, I would’ve corrected it.
3. Si hubiera habido fiesta, ellos no habrían ido. If there had been a party, they wouldn’t have gone.
4. Si me hubiera tocado la lotería, me habría jubilado. If I’d won the lottery, I would’ve retired.
5. Si hubieran perdido, no habrían avanzado. If they’d lost, they wouldn’t have advanced.
6. Si hubiera habido un acuerdo, me lo habrían dicho. If there’d been an agreement, they would’ve told me.
7. Si no hubiera sido por ti, habríamos perdido todo. If it hadn’t been for you, we would’ve lost everything.
8. Habría sido tuyo si me lo hubieras pedido. It would’ve been yours if you’d asked me for it.
9. Si me hubieras llamado ayer, podría haberlo resuelto. If you’d called me yesterday, I could’ve solved it.
10. Si hubiera habido tormenta, no habrías asistido. If there had been a storm, you wouldn’t have attended.
11. Si hubieras ofrecido más dinero, habría aceptado. If you’d offered more money, I would’ve accepted.
Si Hitler no hubiera invadido Rusia,

12. If Hitler hadn’t invaded Russia, he might’ve won the war.
quizá hubiera ganado la guerra.
Si mi padre hubiera estado enfermo,
13. If my father had been ill, I wouldn’t have come to Spain.
yo no habría venido a España.
Si hubiera tenido un buen empleo en mi país,
14. If I’d had a good job in my country, I wouldn’t have come here.
no habría venido aquí.
15. De saber que estabas enfermo, no habría llamado. If I’d known that you were ill, I wouldn’t have called.
16. Si Noé no hubiera construido el arca, habría muerto. If Noah hadn’t built the ark, he would’ve died.
17. Si Morgan hubiera jugado, el equipo habría ganado. If Morgan had played, the team would’ve won.
Si me hubieran avisado con mayor antelación,

18. If they’d notified me sooner, I could have solved the problem.
podría haber resuelto el problema.
19. Si yo hubiera tenido que hacerlo, no lo habría hecho. If I’d had to do it, I wouldn’t have done it.
20. Si pudiera haberlo evitado, lo habría evitado. If I could’ve avoided it, I would’ve avoided it.
21. ¿Qué habrías hecho si yo no me hubiera presentado? What would you have done if I hadn’t shown up?
22. ¿Cómo habrías ido si no hubieras tenido coche? How would you have gone if you hadn’t had a car?
23. No habría sido aceptado si no hubiera sido firmado. It wouldn’t have been accepted if it hadn’t been signed.
24. Si yo no hubiera querido hacerlo, no lo habría hecho. If I hadn’t wanted to do it, I wouldn’t have done it.
25. Si yo hubiera sabido que ibas, habría ido también. If I’d known you were going, I would’ve gone too.

LIST 13 - Make / Do Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Haz algo. Do something.
2. Hazme una oferta. Make me an offer.
3. Haz el trabajo. Do the job.
4. Haz lo que quieras. Do whatever you want.
5. Hazme una promesa. Make me a promise.
6. Haz el crucigrama. Do the crossword puzzle.
7. Hazme un favor. Do me a favor.
8. Haz la cama. Make the bed.
9. Haz una presentación. Make a presentation.
10. Hazlo lo mejor que puedas. Do the best you can.
11. Hago negocios con ellos. I do business with them.
12. Vamos a hacer unos cambios. We’re going to make some changes.
13. ¿Tengo que hacer un discurso? Do I have to make a speech? (También “give”)
14. ¿Quién va a hacer la compra? Who’s going to do the shopping?
15. ¿Cómo te ganas la vida? How do you make a living?
16. Haz una lista de lo que tienes que hacer. Make a list of what you have to do.
17. Tengo que hacer una llamada. I have to make a phone call.
18. No cometo errores. I don’t make mistakes.
19. Haz un esfuerzo. Make an effort.
20. No crees problemas. Don’t make problems.
21. Haces mal uso de tu tiempo. You make poor use of your time.
22. ¿Quién va a hacer la cena? Who’s going to make dinner?
23. Asegúrate de que están comiendo. Make sure they’re eating.
24. Tienes que causar una buena impresión. You have to make a good impression.
25. ¿Puedo hacer una petición? Can I make a request?

LIST 14 - Say & tell Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Nos dijeron que nos diéramos prisa. They told us to hurry up.
2. Saluda a tu primo. Say hello to your cousin.
3. Dile tu nombre. Tell him your name.
4. ¿¡Pero qué dices!? But what are you saying?
5. Yo sabía que iba a pasar.Ya te lo dije. I knew it was going to happen. I told you so.
6. ¿No podemos ir? ¿Quién lo dice? Can’t we go? Who says so?
7. ¿Qué dijeron cuando te levantaste para irte? What did they say when you got up to leave?
8. ¿Estás diciendo que no debemos hacerlo? Are you saying we shouldn’t do it?
9. Os estoy diciendo que no lo hagáis. I’m telling you not to do it.
10. Siempre rezo una oración antes de cenar. I always say a prayer before having dinner.
11. Él contó una historia acerca de su antiguo jefe. He told a story about his old boss.
12. Dímelo. Tell me.
13. Di lo que estás pensando. Say what’s on your mind.
14. Les dije que me esperaran. I told them to wait for me.
15. Pide perdón. Say you’re sorry. (Apologize.)
16. Di lo que dijiste anoche. Say what you said last night.
17. Diles lo que me dijiste anoche. Tell them what you told me last night.
18. Nos dijeron que no dijéramos nada. They told us not to say anything.
19. Ella ni siquiera me saludó. She didn’t even say hello to me.
20. Salúdales. (Por la mañana) Say good morning to them.
21. Salúdales. (A primera hora de la tarde) Say good afternoon to them.
22. Salúdales. (A última hora de la tarde) Say good evening to them.
23. Despídete de ellos. (Por la noche) Say good night to them.
24. Despídete de ellos. (En general) Say goodbye to them.
25. Salúdales. (En general) Say hello to them.

LIST 15 - Other / Another / The other / etc. Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Dame otro. Give me another (one).
2. Dame otro libro. Give me another book.
3. No quiero este… quiero otro. I don’t want this one… I want another (one).
4. No quiero este… quiero el otro. I don’t want this one… I want the other (one).
5. Dame el otro que tienes. Give me the other one you have.
6. Tiene que haber otra forma. There must be another way.
7. Debes hacerlo de la otra forma. You should do it the other way.
No quiero otro cualquiera… I don’t want just any other one…

8. quiero el otro que me enseñaste ayer. I want the other one you showed me yesterday.
9. Otra gente vendrá mañana. Other people will come tomorrow.
10. La otra gente vendrá mañana. The other people will come tomorrow.
11. Enséñame otro modelo. Show me another model.
12. Enséñame el otro modelo. Show me the other model.
13. Enséñame otros modelos. Show me some other models.
14. Enséñame los otros modelos. Show me the other models.
15. Esto es para ti y esto es para los demás. This is for you and this is for the others.
16. Hay otras muchas maneras de convencerle. There are many other ways to convince him.
17. No te deprimas… habrá otras mujeres. Don’t get depressed… there will be other women.
18. Algunas veces lo hago solo y otras veces con mis amigos. Sometimes I do it alone and other times with my friends.
This time they brought the money, but the other

19. Esta vez trajeron el dinero, pero la otra vez no lo trajeron.
time they didn’t bring it.
20. Esta vez me llamaron, pero las otras veces no. This time they called me, but the other times they didn’t.
21. Me gusta esa chica, pero también me gustan otras. I like that girl, but I also like others.
22. ¿Qué otra gente te conoce? What other people know you?
23. Hay otro problema también. There’s another problem too.
24. Estuve con él el otro día. I was with him the other day.
25. Hay otros asuntos que resolver también. There are other matters to resolve too.

Vocabulary
Booklet
2
LIST 16 - Phrasal verbs (1) Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Pasaré por tu casa camino de la mía. I’ll pass by your house on the way to mine. (Drop by)
2. La buena señora falleció después de una larga enfermedad. The good lady passed away after a long illness.
3. Me quedé sin sentido. I passed out.
4. Primero tienes que atravesar un cruce. First you have to pass through an intersection.
5. No dejes pasar esta oportunidad. Don’t pass up this opportunity.
6. No te acerques a mi novia. Stay away from my girlfriend.
7. Dejé el colegio a los 15 años. I dropped out of school when I was 15 years old.
8. Nos quedamos levantados hasta las tantas. We stayed up very late.
9. Nos quedamos por ahí hasta las tantas. We stayed out very late.
10. Le gusta presumir. He likes to show off.
11. ¿Cómo puedo transmitirles la importancia de esto? How can I get across to them the importance of this?
12. No sé cómo transmitírselo. I don’t know how to get it across to them.
13. Ella me habló hasta convencerme. (Me comió el coco) She talked me into it.
Me alegro de que me hayas hablado para convencerme

14. I’m glad you talked me out of it.
de lo contrario.
15. No me líes. Don’t mix me up.
16. No puedo captar lo que dicen. I can’t make out what they’re saying.
17. No te quedes atrás. Don’t fall behind.
18. No te enamores. Don’t fall in love.
19. No puedo seguir el ritmo. I can’t keep up.
20. Vas muy de prisa. No puedo seguir tu ritmo. You’re going too fast. I can’t keep up with you.
21. Si no les alcanzas, ganarán la carrera. If you don’t catch up with them, they’ll win the race.
22. Me caí al agua. I fell into the water.
23. El niño se cayó del árbol. The little boy fell out of the tree.
24. Ella entró en una depresión. She fell into a depression.
25. No te apoyes en la mesa. Don’t lean on the table.

1. No te apoyes en la pared. Don’t lean against the wall.
2. Apóyate en mí. Lean on me.
3. Tendrán que escucharme hasta el final. They’ll have to hear me out.
4. No tengo noticias de ella. I haven’t heard from her.
5. Nunca he oído hablar de Paco Morgan. ¿Quién es? I’ve never heard of Paco Morgan. Who is he?
6. No lo puedo remediar. (No lo puedo evitar) I can’t help it.
7. Déjame que te eche una mano. Let me help you out.
8. Habladlo antes de tomar una decisión. Talk it over before making a decision.
9. Ayúdale a levantarse. Help him up.
10. Espérate. Hold on.
11. Estás frenando al resto de la clase. You’re holding back the rest of the class.
12. ¿Qué le está retrasando? What’s holding him up?
13. Mantenle alejado de ella. Keep him away from her.
14. El niño me tuvo en vela toda la noche. The child kept me up all night.
15. Tenemos que mantenernos con los tiempos actuales. We have to keep up with the times.
16. Él está continuamente preguntándome por ti. He keeps on asking me about you.
17. El comité está compuesto por siete miembros. The committee is made up of seven members.
18. Tenemos que recuperar el tiempo perdido. We have made up for lost time.
19. ¿Cómo puedo compensar la pérdida? How can I make up for the loss?
20. Decídete. Make up your mind.
21. No creo que vayan a reconciliarse. I don’t think they’re going to make up.
22. Lo siento. ¿Cómo te lo puedo enmendar? I’m sorry. How can I make it up to you?
23. Tenemos que despedir a 200 trabajadores. We have to lay off 200 workers.
24. No atropelles al pobre perro. Don’t run over the poor dog.
25. El niño huyó de casa. The child ran away from home.

1. Si no cuelgas la ropa, yo la colgaré. If you don’t hang up the clothes, I’ll hang them up.
2. Si la decisión fuera mía, yo lo omitiría. If it were up to me, I’d leave it out.
3. ¿Por qué no te deshaces de ese calendario viejo? Why don’t you get rid of that old calendar?
4. El tema no salió en la reunión. The subject didn’t come up at the meeting.
5. Si tú no sacas el tema de los coches, yo lo sacaré. If you don’t bring up the subject of the cars, I’ll bring it up.
6. Este tipo de reto saca lo mejor que hay en él. This kind of challenge brings out the best in him.
7. Estamos atravesando un período difícil. We’re going through a difficult period.
8. Te estás convirtiendo en un pequeño dictador. You’re turning into a little dictator.
9. Si tú rechazas la oferta, yo la rechazaré también. If you turn down the offer, I’ll turn it down too.
10. Si tú no elaboras un plan, yo elaboraré uno. If you don’t draw up a plan, I’ll draw one up.
11. Extiende un cheque. Extiéndelo a Juan Pérez. Make out a check. Make it out to Juan Pérez.
12. Si tú no rellenas el impreso, yo lo rellenaré. If you don’t fill out the form, I’ll fill it out.
13. Si tú no rellenas los espacios en blanco, yo los rellenaré. If you don’t fill in the blanks, I’ll fill them in.
14. ¿Puedes descifrar lo que han escrito? Can you make out what they’ve written?
15. Te pareces a tu padre. (Físicamente) You look like your father.
16. Te pareces a tu padre. (Forma de ser) You take after your father.
17. Devuélvelo adonde lo encontraste. Take it back to where you found it.
18. Si no descuelgas el cuadro, yo lo descolgaré. If you don’t take down the picture, I’ll take it down.
19. Van a derribar ese muro. They’re going to knock down that wall.
20. ¿Quién derribó el avión? Who shot down the plane?
21. Tendrás que bajar a su nivel. (De ellos) You’ll have to come down to their level.
22. Si tú lo desmontas, yo lo volveré a montar. If you take it apart, I’ll put it back together.
23. Apunta mi dirección. Apúntala en este papel. Write down my address. Write it down on this piece of paper.
24. Rebajamos el precio en un 10%. We took 10% off the price.
25. Estoy asumiendo más responsabilidades ahora. I’m taking on more responsibilities now.

1. Si eso no quita la mancha, esto la quitará. If that doesn’t take out the stain, this will take it out.
2. Voy a llevar a mi mujer a pasear. I’m going to take my wife out for a walk.
3. Nadie ha asumido el control todavía. Nobody has taken over yet.
4. Este sillón ocupa mucho espacio. This armchair takes up a lot of space.
5. Yo te subiré hasta el despacho del presidente. I’ll take you up to the president’s office.
6. Él te absorberá mucho de tu tiempo. He’ll take up a lot of your time.
7. No quiero entrar en esa cuestión. I don’t want to go into that matter.
8. Tengo que volver a la oficina. I have to go back to the office.
9. Él siguió hablando horas y horas. He went on talking for hours.
10. Voy a bajar a la primera planta. I’m going to go down to the first floor.
11. No lo estás haciendo bien. You’re not going about it right.
12. Me llevo bien con ella. I get along with her very well.
13. El sol se puso a las 7:00. The sun went down at 7:00.
14. Caí enfermo con gripe. I came down with the flu.
15. Esa chica está detrás de mí desde hace un mes. That girl has been after me for a month.
16. ¡A por ello! Go for it!
17. Tienes que entrar por aquella puerta. You have to go in through that door.
18. Cuando entres en la sala, no digas nada. When you go into the room, don’t say anything.
19. Terminamos hablando del precio de las manzanas. We wound up talking about the price of apples.
20. Mi despertador no sonó esta mañana. My alarm clock didn’t go off this morning.
21. La bomba estalló antes de que pudiera llegar la policía. The bomb went off before the police could arrive.
22. Pasemos al siguiente punto del orden del día. Let’s go on to the next item on the agenda.
A medida que pasa el tiempo, me doy cuenta de lo

23. As time goes on, I realize how much she meant to me.
mucho que ella significaba para mí.
24. La reunión seguirá unos 10 minutos más. The meeting will go on for about 10 more minutes.
25. Mi hija está cerca de cumplir los 17 años. My daughter is going on 17.

1. Se ha apagado el incendio. (Por sí solo) The fire has gone out.
2. Eso pasó de moda hace años. That went out of fashion years ago.
3. Se pusieron en huelga. They went on strike.
4. Ensayémoslo una vez más. Let’s go over it one more time.
5. ¿Qué letra viene después de la K? What letter comes after K?
6. Vuelve… te necesito. Come back… I need you.
Come by my house before going there.

7. Pasa por mi casa antes de ir allí.
(Drop by, stop by, pass by)
8. ¡Baja de ahí! Come down from there!
9. Se reduce a una cuestión de dinero. It comes down to a question of money.
10. Se reduce a una cuestión de dinero. It boils down to a question of money.
11. Este tipo de bolígrafo resulta muy útil. This kind of pen really comes in handy.
12. Nos has metido en un buen lío. You got us into a real mess.
13. ¿Cómo vamos a salir de este lío? How are we going to get out of this mess?
14. Se ha despegado el sello. The stamp came off.
15. ¡Venga! ¡Vamos! Come on!
16. Le vi cuando salía del ascensor. I saw him when he was coming out of the elevator.
17. Solo tres de las 10 fotos salieron bien. Only three out of the 10 photos came out well.
18. La revista se publica mensualmente. The magazine comes out monthly.
19. La presentación salió muy bien. The presentation came out very well.
20. ¿Por qué no vienes a mi casa a tomar una copa? Why don’t you come over to my place to have a drink?
21. El total asciende a 3.000 euros. The total comes to 3,000 euros.
22. Ve al grano. Get to the point.
23. Vamos a vernos otra vez en algún momento. Let’s get together again sometime.
24. Tengo que preparar el presupuesto. I have to draw up the budget.
25. Cuento contigo. No puedes volver atrás. I’m counting on you.You can’t back out.

LIST 21 - Common expressions (1) Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Lo harán siempre que les respaldes. They’ll do it as long as you back them up.
2. Como regla general, no fumo en clase. As a general rule, I don’t smoke in class.
3. Que yo sepa, no han hecho nada todavía. As far as I know, they haven’t done anything yet.
4. En cuanto a mí, pueden hacer lo que quieran. As far as I’m concerned, they can do whatever they want.
5. Ya he hablado con él detenidamente sobre el asunto. I’ve already spoken to him at length about the matter.
6. En el mejor de los casos, recibiremos el tercer premio. At best, we will receive the third prize.
7. ¿No sabrías por casualidad dónde está Pepe? You wouldn’t know, by any chance, where Pepe is?
8. Juan es, con mucha diferencia, el mejor de la clase. John is by far the best in the class.
9. En cuanto a ese tema, no tengo más que decir. Concerning that subject, I have nothing more to say.
10. El coste de la vida es muy alto aquí. The cost of living is very high here.
11. El nivel de vida en mi país es muy alto. The standard of living in my country is very high.
Debido a circunstancias imprevistas, nos vemos Due to unforeseen circumstances, we are forced
12. obligados a cancelar el espectáculo. to call off the show.
13. Te daré un toque mañana por la mañana. (Por teléfono) I’ll give you a ring tomorrow morning.
14. Si prestas atención en clase, a la larga aprenderás mucho. If you pay attention in class, eventually you’ll learn a lot.
15. Voy a la clínica un día sí y otro no. I go to the clinic every other day.
16. Me voy de esta empresa para siempre. I’m leaving this company for good.
17. Utiliza las cifras preliminares por ahora. Use the preliminary figures for the time being.
18. Él siempre está de mal humor los lunes. He’s always in a bad mood on Mondays.
19. Siempre está de buen humor los viernes. He’s always in a good mood on Fridays.
20. Además de estos problemas, hay otros también. In addition to those problems, there are others too.
21. Si me pagas por adelantado, te haré un descuento. If you pay me in advance, I’ll give you a discount.
22. ¿Quién es el encargado de este proyecto? Who’s in charge of this project?
23. En todo caso, creo que deberías hablar con tu jefe. In any case, I think you should talk to your boss.
24. Hice un análisis en profundidad del tema. I made an in-depth analysis of the subject.
25. En resumidas cuentas, estamos en quiebra. In short, we’re bankrupt.

1. En términos de beneficios, el año ha sido bueno. In terms of profits, the year has been good.
A pesar de la escasez de agua, hemos logrado conservar In spite of the water shortage, we’ve managed to keep the
2. el césped en buenas condiciones. grass in good condition.
3. A la larga, todos saldremos ganando. In the long run, we will all come out ahead.
Estaré de regreso en 15 minutos. Mientras tanto,

4. I’ll be back in 15 minutes. In the meantime, go over your notes.
repasad vuestros apuntes.
5. En teoría, el negocio va muy bien. In theory, the business is going very well.
6. En vista de los problemas, he decidido cancelarlo. In view of the problems, I’ve decided to cancel it.
7. ¿Me lo podrías dar por escrito, por favor? Could you give it to me in writing please?
8. Da igual que seas alto o bajo. It doesn’t matter whether you’re tall or short.
9. Trae tu agenda por si acaso. Bring your diary just in case.
10. Hemos perdido el contacto debido a un malentendido. We’ve lost contact on account of a misunderstanding.
11. Sin duda tienes noticia de los cambios recientes. No doubt you’ve heard about the recent changes.
12. Lo hice a propósito. I did it on purpose.
En nombre de la Dirección, quiero expresar su agradecimiento On behalf of the management, I want to thank all the
13. a todos los empleados por los excelentes resultados. employees for the excellent results.
14. Tuve un accidente camino de la oficina. I had an accident on the way to the office.
15. En términos generales, estoy de acuerdo con el plan. On the whole, I agree with the plan.
16. Las cosas están empezando a escapar a nuestro control. Things are starting to get out of control.
17. ¿Crees que vale la pena? Do you think it’s worth it?
18. Me siento algo fuera de lugar aquí. I feel somewhat out of place here.
19. Llegaron sanos y salvos. They arrived safe and sound.
20. Antes de entrar en esta empresa, yo era autónomo. Prior to joining this company, I was self-employed.
21. Tardé mucho en romper el hielo con él. It took me a long time to break the ice with him.
22. Estoy dispuesto a hacer lo que sea siempre que sea legal. I’m willing to do anything as long as it’s legal.
23. Hasta cierto punto, estoy de acuerdo contigo. To a certain extent, I agree with you.
24. Aquello fue la gota que colmó el vaso. That was the last straw.
25. ¿Quién lleva la voz cantante aquí? Who runs the show here?

1. Tarde o temprano, te arrepentirás de haberlo hecho. Sooner or later, you’ll regret having done it.
2. Estuve en contacto con él ayer. I was in touch with him yesterday.
3. Siempre les confundo. Se parecen mucho. I always get them mixed up. They look a lot alike.
4. Ganaremos más tiempo si se lo mandamos por fax. We’ll gain more time if we fax it to them.
5. El proyecto empezó con buen pie. The project got off to a good start.
6. El proyecto empezó con mal pie. The project got off to a bad start.
7. No puedo deshacerme de este resfriado. I can’t get rid of this cold.
8. Vigílale. Personalmente, no me fío de él. Keep an eye on him. Personally, I don’t trust him.
9. Ten presente que deben estar listos para mañana. Keep in mind that they must be ready by tomorrow.
10. Tendré que recurrir a enchufes para conseguir eso. I’ll have to pull some strings to get that.
11. No puedes confiar en él para las cosas importantes. You can’t rely on him for important things.
12. Tenemos que recurrir a financiación ajena. We have to resort to outside financing.
13. No podemos contratar a más gente por ahora. We can’t hire any new people for the time being.
14. Corres el riesgo de perder tu empleo. You run the risk of losing your job.
15. Podemos descartar la segunda alternativa. We can rule out the second alternative.
16. Tienes que dar ejemplo delante de la gente. You have to set an example in front of the people.
17. Déjame ponerte un ejemplo. Let me give you an example.
18. Si tienes que competir con él, no tienes posibilidad. If you have to compete with him, you don’t stand a chance.
19. Tengo que volver atrás y partir de cero otra vez. I have to go back and start from scratch again.
20. Sigamos en contacto. Let’s stay in touch.
21. Tengo la costumbre de pensar en voz alta. I have the habit of thinking out loud.
22. Tengo algunos cabos sueltos que atar primero. I have to tie some loose ends first.
23. No iré a no ser que vengas conmigo. I won’t go unless you come with me.
24. Toda empresa tiene sus altibajos. Every company has its ups and downs.
Mientras que a mí me gusta el helado de chocolate, Whereas I like chocolate ice cream, my wife likes
25. a mi mujer le gusta el helado de vainilla. vanilla ice cream.

1. ¡Qué follón! What a mess!
2. Él es sin duda la persona más inteligente aquí. He’s, without a doubt, the most intelligent person here.
3. Mis ventas han crecido por el “boca a boca”. My sales have grown by word-of-mouth.
4. Es tan despistado que se le olvidó su cumpleaños. He’s so absent-minded that he forgot his birthday.
5. ¿Hasta dónde llegamos con esto ayer? How far did we get with this yesterday?
6. Hasta ahora, hemos ganado todos los partidos. So far we’ve won every game.
7. La mandé a verte para que la conocieras. I sent her to see you so that you could meet her.
8. Lo haré en seguida. I’ll do it right away.
9. Según mi secretaria, no hubo llamadas. According to my secretary, there weren’t any calls.
10. Soy consciente de las posibles repercusiones. I’m aware of the possible repercussions.
11. Estoy confundido en cuanto a quién es quién. I’m mixed up as to who is who.
12. Le gusta correr riesgos. He likes to take risks.
13. Estamos por delante de la competencia. We’re ahead of the competition.
14. Las cosas han ido más allá de mi control. Things have gone beyond my control.
15. A propósito, ¿ha venido Paco hoy? By the way, has Paco come today?
16. Lo haré a primera hora de la mañana. I’ll do it first thing in the morning.
17. Si es necesario, puedo traer a Juan para echarte una mano. If need be, I can bring John to give you a hand.
18. En cualquier caso, creo que deberíamos llamarles. In any event, I think we should call them.
19. Mi discurso causó el efecto contrario. My speech caused the opposite effect.
20. Al contrario, creo que conseguiste lo que querías. On the contrary, I think you achieved what you wanted.
21. El partido fue cancelado debido al tiempo. The game was called off because of the weather.
Les contrataremos a condición de que entreguen la We’ll contract them provided they deliver the
22. mercancía antes de Navidades. merchandise before Christmas.
23. Estoy harto de estas listas. I’m fed up with these lists.
24. Estoy harto de estas listas. I’m sick and tired of these lists.
25. Ya es el colmo. No voy a tratar más con él. I’ve had it. I’m not going to deal with him anymore.

LIST 25 - Adjective enrichment (1) Vaughan S Y S T E M S
1. Has hecho una evaluación precisa de la situación. You’ve made an accurate assessment of the situation.
2. Solo se puede conseguir a largo plazo. It’s only achievable in the long term.
3. Dinamarca es una sociedad acomodada. Denmark is an affluent society.
4. Dilo en voz alta. Say it aloud.
5. Estoy asombrado de tu progreso. I’m amazed by your progress.
6. Tu progreso ha sido asombroso. Your progress has been amazing.
7. Fue una situación graciosa. It was an amusing situation.
8. Ese ruido es muy molesto. That noise is very annoying.
9. Fue una experiencia horrible. It was an awful experience.
10. Fue una amarga experiencia. It was a bitter experience.
11. Mi mujer puede ser muy mandona a veces. My wife can be very bossy at times.
12. Tengo amplia experiencia en la enseñanza. I have broad experience in teaching.
13. No seas tan descuidado. Don’t be so careless.
14. Fue un trabajo que supuso un desafío para mí. It was a challenging job.
15. Ella es una mujer con encanto. She is a charming woman.
16. Es una chica muy risueña. She is a cheerful girl.
17. Hace un poco de frío hoy. It’s a little chilly today.
18. Él es una persona de mente cerrada. He’s a closed-minded person.
19. Estoy preocupado por las ventas. I’m concerned about sales.
20. Tengo confianza en el futuro. I’m confident about the future.
21. El lugar estaba muy abarrotado. The place was very crowded.
22. Esa fue una decisión muy atrevida. It was a very daring decision.
23. Estarían encantados de tenerte en su equipo. They would be delighted to have you on their team.
24. Ha sido una velada encantadora. It’s been a delightful evening.
25. Ella es una persona muy merecedora. She’s a very deserving person.

1. Solo contratamos a personas discapacitadas. We only hire disabled people.
2. Todo el mundo parece desanimado por aquí. Everybody seems dejected around here.
3. Los resultados podrían ser desalentadores. The results could be discouraging.
4. Estoy decepcionado con los resultados. I’m disappointed with the results.
5. Los resultados han sido decepcionantes. The results have been disappointing.
6. El desenlace final es dudoso. The final outcome is doubtful.
7. El resto del camino es cuesta abajo. The rest of the way is downhill.
8. El discurso fue aburrido. The speech was dull.
9. Me siento tonto cuando trato de hablar alemán. I feel dumb when I try to speak German.
10. Estoy ansioso de conocer los resultados. I’m eager to know the results.
11. Me siento un poco violento cuando hablo alemán. I feel a little embarrassed when I speak German.
12. Fue una situación violenta. It was an embarrassing situation.
13. Los resultados son alentadores. The results are encouraging.
14. Hemos sufrido una cadena interminable de retrasos. We’ve suffered an endless chain of delays.
15. Hemos pasado una velada muy agradable. We’ve spent a very enjoyable evening.
16. Estoy completamente agotado. I’m completely exhausted.
17. No creo que hayas sido justo en esta decisión. I don’t think you’ve been fair in that decision.
18. Somos fieles a los principios de nuestro fundador. We are faithful to the principles of our founder.
19. Este plan no es económicamente viable. The plan isn’t feasible.
20. Esta habitación está horriblemente sucia. This room is filthy.
21. Ese hombre está forrado de dinero. That man is filthy rich.
22. Necesito un intérprete de primera. I need a first-rate interpreter.
23. El sótano está inundado. The basement is flooded.
24. Soy plenamente consciente del problema. I’m fully aware of the problem.
25. Ella es una niña superdotada. She’s a gifted girl.

1. Él es un chico muy guapo. He’s a very good-looking boy.
2. No estoy dispuesto a apoyarles. I’m not willing to support them.
3. Estoy muy agradecido por tu ayuda. I’m very grateful for your help.
4. Él es de una familia adinerada. He’s from a wealthy family.
5. No seas avaro. Don’t be greedy.
6. Es un hombre muy apuesto. He’s a very handsome man.
7. No me gustan los teléfonos móviles, pero a veces resultan útiles. I don’t like mobile phones, but they come in handy at times.
8. Soy un poco duro de oído. I’m a little hard of hearing.
9. Esto podría ser perjudicial para mis intereses. This could be harmful to my interests.
10. Él es una persona muy trabajadora. He’s a very hard-working person.
11. No te preocupes por mi jefe. Grita mucho pero es inofensivo. Don’t worry about my boss. He shouts a lot but he’s harmless.
12. Ha sido un día ajetreado. It’s been a hectic day.
13. Esta información ha sido de mucha ayuda. This information has been very helpful.
14. Me siento desamparado ante esta situación. I feel helpless in the face of this situation.
15. Soy un poco reacio a iniciar el plan ahora. I’m a little hesitant to initiate the plan now.
16. Estoy afónico hoy. I’m hoarse today.
17. Estamos en una situación desesperada. We are in a hopeless situation.
18. Hemos recibido un pedido enorme. We’ve received a huge order.
19. Tienes que ser humilde y decidido al mismo tiempo. You have to be humble and self-confident at the same time.
20. Tenemos que reducir el tiempo de espera. We have to reduce idle time.
21. Él es un conocido periodista. He’s a well-known journalist.
22. Ella es una persona muy celosa. She’s a very jealous person.
23. Él es un vago. He’s a lazy person.
24. Mi secretaria es zurda. My secretary is left-handed.
25. No es muy probable que vengan aquí hoy. It’s not very likely that they will come here today.

List 28 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. FLECHA ARROW
2. POR CIERTO, A PROPÓSITO BY THE WAY
3. PAÑUELO HANDKERCHIEF
4. SIN EMBARGO HOWEVER
5. PROBABILIDAD LIKELIHOOD
6. IMÁN MAGNET
7. TORTILLA OMELET
8. REEMBOLSO REFUND
9. RELACIONADO RELATED
10. ESCASO SCARCE
11. SENSIBLE SENSITIVE
12. ARAÑA SPIDER
13. PROVISIONAL, TEMPORAL TENTATIVE
14. TERRITORIO TERRITORY
15. ESTAR DE BUEN HUMOR TO BE IN A GOOD MOOD
16. SOPORTAR, AGUANTAR TO BEAR
17. DESCANSAR TO REST
18. JUBILARSE TO RETIRE
19. RASCAR, ARAÑAR TO SCRATCH
20. FIRMAR TO SIGN
21. ESTIRAR TO STRETCH
22. FORMAR, ENTRENAR TO TRAIN
23. SILBAR TO WHISTLE
24. TOALLA TOWEL
25. DISGUSTADO UPSET

List 29 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. EFICAZ EFFECTIVE
2. LESIÓN INJURY
3. DA IGUAL IT DOESN’T MATTER
4. NO VALE LA PENA IT’S NOT WORTH IT
5. POR SI ACASO JUST IN CASE
6. AVERÍA BREAKDOWN, MALFUNCTION
7. EN GENERAL ON THE WHOLE
8. PERSEVERANTE PERSEVERING
9. OBRA DE TEATRO PLAY
10. INDEPENDIENTEMENTE DE REGARDLESS OF
11. COMENTARIO (CON CRÍTICA) REMARK
12. COMPAÑERO DE HABITACIÓN ROOMMATE
13. SARCASMO SARCASM
14. CULEBRA SNAKE
15. ETAPA STAGE
16. LOS AÑOS CINCUENTA THE FIFTIES
17. COOPERAR TO COOPERATE
18. FINANCIAR TO FINANCE
19. INFLUIR EN TO INFLUENCE
20. RECONOCER TO RECOGNIZE
21. DAR LA MANO TO SHAKE HANDS
22. DESACELERAR, IR MAS DESPACIO TO SLOW DOWN
23. TRADUCIR TO TRANSLATE
24. CONFIAR EN, FIARSE DE TO TRUST
25. VOLUNTAD WILL

List 30 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. AGRADECIMIENTO APPRECIATION
2. CUESTA ABAJO DOWNHILL
3. DE VEZ EN CUANDO EVERY ONCE IN A WHILE
4. NO TIENE SENTIDO IT DOESN’T MAKE SENSE
5. PROBABLE LIKELY
6. FUERZA LABORAL MANPOWER
7. MÁXIMO MAXIMUM
8. PESADILLA NIGHTMARE
9. OPTIMISTA OPTIMISTIC
10. PASTILLA PILL
11. PERFIL PROFILE
12. RELACIÓN RELATIONSHIP
13. ASEO (EN LUGARES PUBLICOS) RESTROOM
14. ENCUESTA, SONDEO SURVEY
15. EL POLO NORTE THE NORTH POLE
16. EL POLO SUR THE SOUTH POLE
17. NOMBRAR TO APPOINT
18. VALORAR TO ASSESS
19. CARECER DE, FALTAR TO LACK
20. LOCALIZAR TO LOCATE
21. ESPERAR CON ILUSIÓN TO LOOK FORWARD TO
22. MEDIR TO MEASURE
23. INTRODUCIR EN FASES TO PHASE IN
24. LUCHAR TO STRUGGLE
25. SOBREVIVIR TO SURVIVE

List 31 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. BENEFICIOSO BENEFICIAL
2. COMPARACIÓN COMPARISON
3. SABOR FLAVOR
4. IMPRESIONANTE IMPRESSIVE
5. FABRICACIÓN MANUFACTURING
6. MEDIDA, MEDICIÓN MEASUREMENT
7. FUERA DE CONTROL OUT OF CONTROL
8. MÉDICO PHYSICIAN
9. BENEFICIO Y PÉRDIDA PROFIT AND LOSS
10. RECIBO RECEIPT
11. FIABILIDAD RELIABILITY
12. INGRESOS REVENUE
13. RECTO STRAIGHT
14. FUERZA STRENGTH
15. TEÓRICO THEORETICAL
16. AUTORIZAR TO AUTHORIZE
17. SER CONSCIENTE DE TO BE AWARE OF
18. SER OPTIMISTA TO BE OPTIMISTIC
19. ENGAÑAR TO DECEIVE
20. EVOLUCIONAR, DESARROLLAR TO EVOLVE
21. CABER, AJUSTARSE TO FIT
22. VOLVERSE LOCO TO GO CRAZY
23. PASAR POR ALTO TO OVERLOOK
24. ECHAR LA SIESTA TO TAKE A NAP
25. ACOSTUMBRADO A USED TO

List 32 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. CITA, COMPROMISO APPOINTMENT
2. ENORME HUGE
3. MASACRE MASSACRE
4. MEDIOCRE MEDIOCRE
5. EN ABSOLUTO NOT AT ALL
6. AGOTADO (NO EN EXISTENCIA) OUT OF STOCK
7. MONTÓN PILE
8. PROMETEDOR PROMISING
9. ADECUADO, APROPIADO PROPER
10. PROPUESTA PROPOSAL
11. ARROZ RICE
12. SATISFECHO SATISFIED
13. HOMBRO SHOULDER
14. AMENAZA THREAT
15. POR LO TANTO THUS
16. ACONSEJAR, ASESORAR TO ADVISE
17. BENEFICIARSE DE TO BENEFIT FROM
18. RETRASAR, DEMORAR TO DELAY
19. PREVER, HACER UNA PREVISIÓN TO FORECAST
20. LLEVARSE BIEN CON TO GET ALONG WITH
21. RECOGER TO PICK UP
22. DEPENDER DE, CONFIAR EN TO RELY ON
23. AFEITARSE TO SHAVE
24. TRAMPA TRAP
25. TESTIGO WITNESS

List 33 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. UNA AMPLIA GAMA A WIDE RANGE
2. CLIENTE CUSTOMER
3. EXIGENTE DEMANDING
4. AGOTADO EXHAUSTED
5. EN TODO CASO IN ANY CASE
6. GANADO (VACUNO, LANAR, ETC.) LIVESTOCK
7. DOMINIO MASTERY
8. HORNO OVEN
9. BENEFICIOS (ECONÓMICOS) PROFITS
10. PERSPECTIVAS PROSPECTS
11. PAPEL ROLE
12. RUGOSO, ASPERO, TURBULENTO ROUGH
13. MARINO, MARINERO SAILOR
14. LA EDAD MEDIA THE MIDDLE AGES
15. ANALIZAR TO ANALYZE
16. SOLICITAR TO APPLY FOR
17. ASEGURAR TO ASSURE
18. COMPORTARSE TO BEHAVE
19. COLABORAR TO COLLABORATE
20. ASUSTAR TO FRIGHTEN
21. PASÁRSELO BIEN TO HAVE A GOOD TIME
22. TOMAR UNA DECISIÓN TO MAKE A DECISION
23. COLOCAR TO PLACE
24. PRESIONAR TO PRESSURE
25. INCONSCIENTE UNCONSCIOUS

List 34 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. QUE YO SEPA AS FAR AS I KNOW
2. FECHA TOPE, PLAZO DEADLINE
3. A LARGO PLAZO LONG-TERM
4. SIN IMPORTANCIA, INSIGNIFICATIVO MEANINGLESS
5. EN ULTRAMAR OVERSEAS
6. DOLOR PAIN
7. REPUTACIÓN REPUTATION
8. RAÍZ ROOT
9. ESCÉPTICO SKEPTICAL
10. ÉXITO SUCCESS
11. BLANCO, DIANA, OBJETIVO TARGET
12. EL COSTE DE LA VIDA THE COST OF LIVING
13. SUMAR TO ADD UP
14. CULPAR, ECHAR LA CULPA A TO BLAME
15. CONTRIBUIR TO CONTRIBUTE
16. DESANIMAR TO DISCOURAGE
17. ANIMAR, ALENTAR TO ENCOURAGE
18. MATAR TIEMPO TO KILL TIME
19. RECORDAR (RECORDARLE A OTRO) TO REMIND
20. SOSPECHAR TO SUSPECT
21. ACTUALIZAR TO UPDATE
22. DIGNO DE CONFIANZA TRUSTWORTHY
23. INSATISFACTORIO UNSATISFACTORY
24. TRIGO WHEAT
25. DISPUESTO WILLING

List 35 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. CONFIANZA CONFIDENCE
2. INSTALACIONES FACILITIES
3. INVERSIÓN INVESTMENT
4. HIERRO IRON
5. FUSIÓN (DE EMPRESAS) MERGER
6. DE MENTE ABIERTA OPEN-MINDED
7. CLIP PAPER CLIP
8. CONTENTO PLEASED
9. POTENTE, PODEROSO POWERFUL
10. OCURRENTE, LISTO, PERSPICAZ QUICK-WITTED
11. FIABLE RELIABLE
12. VIAJE DE IDA Y VUELTA ROUND TRIP
13. TENER EN CUENTA TO BEAR IN MIND
14. RESERVAR (MESA, HOTEL, ETC.) TO BOOK
15. CANCELAR TO CALL OFF
16. LLEVAR A CABO TO CARRY OUT
17. APLASTAR TO CRUSH
18. PONERSE NERVIOSO TO GET NERVOUS
19. REVISAR, REPASAR TO LOOK OVER
20. NOTAR TO NOTICE
21. PARECERSE A TO RESEMBLE
22. DAR POR SENTADO TO TAKE FOR GRANTED
23. INJUSTO UNFAIR
24. ALTIBAJOS UPS AND DOWNS
25. CERA WAX

List 36 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. DISPONIBLE AVAILABLE
2. JUSTO FAIR
3. PÉRDIDA LOSS
4. SUAVE, TEMPLADO MILD
5. ATAQUE NERVIOSO NERVOUS BREAKDOWN
6. A TIEMPO PARCIAL PART TIME
7. LLUVIOSO RAINY
8. DIMISIÓN RESIGNATION
9. GOMA, CAUCHO RUBBER
10. TÍMIDO SHY
11. PAPEL CELO, CINTA TAPE
12. AZULEJOS TILE
13. LOGRAR TO ACHIEVE
14. CLARIFICAR TO CLARIFY
15. CONTAR CON TO COUNT ON
16. DISEÑAR TO DESIGN
17. ELABORAR, CONFECCIONAR TO DRAW UP
18. PARECERSE TO LOOK ALIKE
19. COMETER FALTAS DE ORTOGRAFÍA TO MISSPELL
20. ALIVIAR TO RELIEVE
21. VARIAR TO VARY
22. PESAR TO WEIGH
23. VALIOSO VALUABLE
24. PUNTO DE VISTA VIEWPOINT
25. SIN DUDA WITHOUT A DOUBT

List 37 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. EN VOZ ALTA ALOUD
2. BASADO EN BASED ON
3. DINERO EN METALICO CASH
4. O SEA, EN OTRAS PALABRAS IN OTHER WORDS
5. MODESTIA MODESTY
6. NÓMINA PAYROLL
7. INGENIOSO, QUE TIENE RECURSOS RESOURCEFUL
8. VENDEDOR SALESPERSON
9. DOLOR DE GARGANTA SORE THROAT
10. SER ABURRIDO TO BE BORING
11. CONVENCER TO CONVINCE
12. MERECER TO DESERVE
13. ESTAR EN DESACUERDO TO DISAGREE
14. DESPEDIR TO DISMISS
15. PERMITIR, POSIBILITAR TO ENABLE
16. CONTRATAR (A EMPLEADOS) TO HIRE
17. MALTRATAR TO MISTREAT
18. POSPONER, APLAZAR TO POSTPONE
19. DEMOSTRAR TO PROVE
20. CLASIFICAR,VALORAR TO RATE
21. ARREPENTIRSE TO REGRET
22. SATISFACER TO SATISFY
23. RIZAR EL RIZO TO SPLIT HAIRS
24. ATAR CABOS SUELTOS TO TIE LOOSE ENDS
25. ALIANZA DE BODAS WEDDING RING

List 38 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. PAYASO CLOWN
2. COMPROMISO COMMITMENT
3. PERICIA, HABILIDAD EXPERTISE
4. HIPOTECA MORTGAGE
5. HOY EN DÍA NOWADAYS
6. DE OTRO MODO, SI NO OTHERWISE
7. CACAHUETES PEANUTS
8. MUESTRA SAMPLE
9. HASTA CIERTO PUNTO TO A CERTAIN EXTENT
10. APOSTAR TO BET
11. DUDAR TO DOUBT
12. ARRASTRAR TO DRAG
13. REALZAR TO ENHANCE
14. PERDONAR TO FORGIVE
15. LIARSE, CONFUNDIRSE TO GET MIXED UP
16. REUNIRSE (INFORMALMENTE) TO GET TOGETHER
17. HACER DAÑO, PERJUDICAR TO HURT
18. RESTRINGIR TO RESTRICT
19. ASUSTAR TO SCARE
20. SUGERIR TO SUGGEST
21. RETIRAR TO WITHDRAW
22. ADVERTENCIA WARNING
23. ADINERADO WEALTHY
24. PESO WEIGHT
25. BIEN INFORMADO WELL-INFORMED

List 39 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. CRITERIOS CRITERIA
2. EN VEZ DE INSTEAD OF
3. VOLUBLE, CAMBIA MUCHO DE HUMOR MOODY
4. MEJILLONES MUSSELS
5. ¡NO ME EXTRAÑA QUE...! NO WONDER ... !
6. EN LAS AFUERAS ON THE OUTSKIRTS
7. PERSUASIVO PERSUASIVE
8. ORGULLOSO PROUD
9. I+D (INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO) R&D
10. VENGANZA REVENGE
11. CUENTA DE AHORRO SAVINGS ACCOUNT
12. CENTRO COMERCIAL SHOPPING CENTER
13. SUPONER TO ASSUME
14. ASEGURAR TO ENSURE
15. FACILITAR TO FACILITATE
16. ENTORPECER, PONER TRABAS TO HINDER
17. IMPRESIONAR TO IMPRESS
18. INVOLUCRAR TO INVOLVE
19. HACER BAJAR TO LOWER
20. ELOGIAR, ALABAR TO PRAISE
21. REACCIONAR TO REACT
22. DIRIGIR (COMPAÑÍA O DPTO.) TO RUN
23. AHORRAR TO SAVE
24. OLAS WAVES
25. BIEN HECHO (UN OBJETO) WELL-MADE

List 40 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. ELECCIÓN CHOICE
2. CIERVO DEER
3. DESVENTAJA DISADVANTAGE
4. FRACASO FAILURE
5. ES UNA PÉRDIDA DE TIEMPO IT’S POINTLESS
6. PRINCIPALMENTE MAINLY
7. MUTUAMENTE MUTUALLY
8. GLOBAL, TOTAL OVERALL
9. RITMO PACE
10. REALISTA REALISTIC
11. ESCASEZ SCARCITY
12. CONFIANZA EN UNO MISMO SELF-CONFIDENCE
13. RASCACIELOS SKYSCRAPER
14. RETAR, DESAFIAR TO CHALLENGE
15. ENTREGAR TO DELIVER
16. CADUCAR TO EXPIRE
17. DOBLAR, PLEGAR TO FOLD
18. DAR UN PASEO TO GO FOR A WALK
19. SUJETAR, SOSTENER TO HOLD
20. COMPLACER, AGRADAR TO PLEASE
21. PRECEDER TO PRECEDE
22. PROPORCIONAR TO PROVIDE
23. SUDAR TO SWEAT
24. INÚTIL USELESS
25. BIEN PLANIFICADO WELL-PLANNED

List 41 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. DESALENTADOR DISCOURAGING
2. SUPONGO QUE SÍ I GUESS SO
3. A PESAR DE IN SPITE OF
4. CRUCE (DE CALLES) INTERSECTION
5. SIESTA NAP
6. INGENUO NAÏVE
7. A PROPÓSITO ON PURPOSE
8. DOLOROSO PAINFUL
9. RETRATO PORTRAIT
10. TASA RATE
11. SEGURO DE SÍ MISMO SELF-CONFIDENT
12. APRETADO TIGHT
13. DISCUTIR (ACALORADAMENTE) TO ARGUE
14. REPARAR, ARREGLAR TO FIX
15. PERDERSE TO GET LOST
16. DAR UN PASEO (EN COCHE) TO GO FOR A DRIVE
17. DAR A ENTENDER, IMPLICAR TO IMPLY
18. PREDECIR TO PREDICT
19. TRANQUILIZAR TO REASSURE
20. RESUMIR TO SUMMARIZE
21. APROVECHAR TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF
22. APUNTAR (ESCRIBIENDO) TO WRITE DOWN
23. TENDENCIA TREND
24. BIENESTAR WELFARE
25. SILLA DE RUEDAS WHEELCHAIR

List 42 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
1. AVERGONZADO ASHAMED
2. DIRECTRICES GUIDELINES
3. DE MENTE ESTRECHA NARROW-MINDED
4. NEGLIGENCIA NEGLIGENCE
5. POBREZA POVERTY
6. RECETA (MÉDICA) PRESCRIPTION
7. CRUDO, NO COCINADO RAW
8. REQUISITOS REQUIREMENTS
9. APRÓXIMADAMENTE ROUGHLY
10. MAL EDUCADO RUDE
11. PAISAJE SCENERY
12. AUTÓNOMO (TRABAJADOR) SELF-EMPLOYED
13. DESDE CUANDO SINCE WHEN
14. ESTAR ABURRIDO TO BE BORED
15. TENER GANAS DE TO FEEL LIKE
16. HEREDAR TO INHERIT
17. INSTALAR TO INSTALL
18. DEBER (DINERO, UN FAVOR, ETC.) TO OWE
19. AMENAZAR TO THREATEN
20. DESAGRADABLE UNPLEASANT
21. IMPOPULAR UNPOPULAR
22. VOLUMEN VOLUME
23. BODA WEDDING
24. CAPRICHO WHIM
25. SABIDURÍA WISDOM

Presentations &
Public Speaking
Telephoning and conference calls
Vocabulary for dealing with questions
Interview evaluation sheet
Vocabulary for business English

Public Speaking Vaughan S Y S T E M S
TELEPHONE EXPRESSIONS
This is Sonia.
Sonia speaking.
Answering a call How can I help you?
(Not 'I am Sonia!')
Excuse me, who's calling please?

May I ask who's speaking?
Asking who is on the telephone Who shall I say is calling?
(Not 'Who is this?')
Could you please tell me the number of your

Madrid branch?
Asking for a number Could you give me the number of the Human
Resources department?
Do you have the number for....?
Is this the Customer Service Department?

Could I speak to...
Asking for someone Is Maria there/in?
Could you put me through to Extension 123?
Can I have Extension 123?
I'll just put you through.

Can you hold the line?
Connecting someone
Can you hold on a minute/moment?
Hold please.

I'm afraid Maria is not available at the moment.

When someone is not available Maria's out/away at the moment...
The line is busy; could you call back later?
Can/Could/May I take a message?

Taking a message
Would you like to leave a message?
Could I leave a message for her?

Leaving a message
Could you pass on a message to Sonia for me please?
Have I got this straight?

Have I got that right?
Checking information Let me just check the details...
Just to confirm, you are arriving on the 27th,
is that right?
I'm sorry, this connection is terrible. Could you

repeat that please?
I think there's some interference on the line.
Problems with the line
I'm sorry, I think we got cut off just then.
You're breaking up – do you have a land line I
could call you on?

Thank you for calling.

Is there anything else I can help you with?
Very nice to talk to you.
Ending a call
If there's anything else, you can reach me on my
mobile/ my extension is 8893.
Talk to you again soon.
Add any further sentences

you can think of…

EXPRESSIONS FOR DEALING WITH QUESTIONS
Do you mind if I ask you whether…

Could you tell me if…
Asking Questions – Polite I’d be interested to know…
I’d like to know …
Would you mind telling me/us about…
Please do/ Go ahead/Certainly.

That’s a good point.
Answering Polite Questions
That’s an interesting question.
I’m glad you asked me/raised that.
Make a statement with a question intonation or a

question tag.
Statement Questions
E.g. - “The project won’t be finished on time?” Or “We’ve
underestimated the budget, haven’t we?”
If you want to contradict a statement question, use

‘actually’ or ‘as a matter of fact.’
Contradicting a Statement Question E.g. - “We’ve underestimated the budget, haven’t we? Ac-
tually, we’re right on target.” Or “The project won’t be finis-
hed on time? As a matter of fact, we expect to have
completed the work by next week.”
I'd like to reassure you about that.

There is no need for concern on that point.
Giving Reassurance
You need have no worries on that front.
I can understand your concern but...
Add any further sentences

you can think of…

Public Speaking Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
INTERVIEW EVALUATION SHEET
1. START OF THE INTERVIEW
* Verbal Communication (What is said) 1 2 3 4 5

* Non-verbal Communication (How it is said) 1 2 3 4 5
2. TELL ME A BIT ABOUT YOURSELF

3. HOW DID YOU FIND OUT ABOUT THIS POSITION?

4. ACHIEVEMENTS

5. STRENGTHS

6. WEAKNESSES

7. WHAT ARE YOUR LONG-TERM CAREER PLANS?

8. WHY SHOULD WE CHOOSE YOU?


VOCABULARY FOR BUSINESS ENGLISH
Let’s get down to business.

Shall we make a start?
Beginning
I’d like to begin by…
There are three points I’d like to make.
As you’ll see from the agenda…

To begin with…
Ordering
I suggest we take this item first.
Let’s start by looking at the issue of…
Turning to…
Moving on to…
Introducing a new point
Turning our attention to…
Let’s now focus on…
In addition…
Adding Additionally
We should also think about…
Let me give an example…

To illustrate this point, let’s consider…
Giving an example
Let’s look at the case of…
A case in point is…

Public Speaking Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
On the one hand,... but on the other hand...

Although..., we must remember that...
Weighing up an idea Even though..., we should still bear in mind that...
In spite of..., I still think that...
Despite the fact that..., we mustn’t forget that...
By and large...
All in all...
Most of the time...
Generalising
On the whole...
In general...
Generally speaking...
Let me emphasize...
Emphasizing Can I just draw your attention to...?
I’d like to point out...
I’d prefer... to...

Stating preference I’d rather...
I tend to favour... as opposed to...
Let me wrap up by saying...

Concluding Let me conclude with...
I would like to conclude my comments by...

What do you think?

What’s your opinion?
Asking for an opinion
What’s your position on...?
What are your views/ thoughts on...?
I strongly/firmly/really believe that...

I really feel that...
I am (absolutely) convinced...
Giving a strong opinion
There can be no question that...
It’s quite/crystal clear that...
I’m certain/positive that...
In my opinion, we should…
As I see it…
Giving an opinion As far as I’m concerned…
From my perspective/point of view…
In my view…
As far as I know/ am able to judge...

It strikes me/ seems to me that...
Giving a weak opinion
I would say that...
I think it could be argued that...
I see what you mean.

Commenting on opinions That’s an interesting point.
That does need to be considered.

Perhaps we’re missing the point.

Relevance We’re getting off the point.
Shall we get back to the point?
We haven’t heard from…

I’d like to get your view…
Can we hear what…has to say?
Giving someone the
I would like to invite…to present his views on…
opportunity to speak
Would you care to comment?
I think…would like to make a point.
Let’s hear from…
So, to sum up…

If I could just sum up the discussion…
In short…
Summarizing In brief…
The main points that have been made are…
The matter as it stands is…
Just to review the main points so far…
I’m 100% behind you.

I entirely agree with you.
Strong agreement
I’m of exactly the same opinion.
I’m in total agreement/accord.
I agree.
I see your point.
Neutral agreement
I think we are in agreement on that.
I think you’re right.

I agree, but…
I’m not against it, but…
Up to a point, I agree with you.
Tentative agreement I would tend to agree with you on that.
I agree in principle, but…
I agree with you on the whole, but it could be
argued/said that…
I totally/completely disagree with you.

I don’t agree at all.
I couldn’t agree less.
Strong disagreement You’re completely in error/mistaken.
I could never agree to that.
What you are saying is unfeasible/ impossible.
You must be joking/ kidding!
Frankly…
To be blunt…
Polite strong disagreement
Bluntly…
With (all due) respect…
I really can’t agree with you about…

I can’t say I share your views on…
Tentative disagreement I’m not convinced about…
I think we need more time to consider…
There are two sides to the argument…
I understand your point, but…

Polite disagreement I can see why you think that, but…
I can see what you’re getting at, but…

There are other considerations which must be taken

into account. For example…
Seen from one angle/perspective/point of view…
Adding information I wonder if you’ve considered…
There are certain aspects we must bear/keep in mind…
I don’t know if you’re aware of…
Have you considered…?

Has it occurred to you that...?
Do you realize/know that…?
Asking questions
Wouldn’t you agree that…?
Shouldn’t we consider…?
I was wondering if you’d looked at…?
I have some reservations about...

I'm (rather/a little/somewhat) concerned/worried
Expressing concern or reservation about...
I'm afraid that...
I can't help feeling that...
There's absolutely no cause for concern about...

I can assure you...
Reassuring Let me assure you...
I/we understand/share/appreciate your concern
about...
I think we can disregard…

Playing something down I don’t think we need to focus too much on…
These are minor issues when one considers…

Excuse me, may I interrupt here?

Just a moment...
Interrupting
Can I say something here?
Sorry to interrupt/ butt in...
Could I come in at this point?

If I could just say something here...
If it's alright with everyone, I'd like to take this
Joining in opportunity to...
I have a point to make here.
I think I have something to add which could be
relevant.
As I was saying...
Coming back to a point Coming back to what I was saying...
after an interruption To resume...
To return to...
If I could return to the point I was making...

I'll come to that in a moment.
Just let me finish.
Preventing an interruption
Just wait a moment...
If I might just finish...
If you would be so kind as to let me finish...
Before we begin the discussion, I'd just like to say...

If I could briefly outline three points...
Stopping interruptions
I have two points I'd like to make
before they happen
Very briefly...
Firstly, I'd like to... and then I would like to...

Can/could/may I just ask you...?

I was wondering if you could...?
Could you tell us...?
Asking general questions
What sort of...
I'd be interested to know...
Perhaps you could tell us...
Did you...?
Is there...?
Asking closed / leading questions Have you...?
Are you going/planning to...?
Will there be...?
What exactly do you mean by...

Probing questions Could you tell us a little more about...
Could you go into a little more detail about...
So you're worried about...?

If I understand you correctly...?
Paraphrasing You feel that...?
Let me see if I've understood you. You want to...
Let me make sure I follow. You feel that...
Could you run that by us again please?

I'm afraid I don't quite follow. Could you repeat that?
Asking for repetition
Would you mind going over that again, please?
I'm afraid I don't see what you mean.

There seems to have been a slight

misunderstanding.
Correcting misunderstandings That isn't quite what I meant.
Sorry, perhaps I didn't make myself clear. What I
was trying to say is that....
That's an interesting question.

I'm glad you asked me that.
Giving yourself time
Obviously, there are a lot of issues to consider.
to think of an answer
That's a difficult question to answer.
You have raised a good point there.
I'm (100%) certain that...

Being certain I'm (absolutely) sure that...
There's no doubt...
I'm fairly sure that...

I'm almost certain that...
Being fairly sure It's quite likely that...
It's fairly probable that...
Probably...
It's possible that...

Being unsure It's not impossible that...
There is a possibilty that...

It's very unlikely that...

I don't think there's any chance that...
Thinking something is unlikely It seems highly unlikely that...
It is highly improbable that...
There's very little likelihood of...
I'm not sure/certain that...

Being uncertain I have doubts about...
I'm uncertain about...
We are prepared to...on condition that...

We will concede...if you compromise on...
Bargaining I think we could...provided that...
We are willing to...on the understanding that ...
We are ready to...as long as...
Would that be acceptable?

Does that seem satisfactory?
Confirming acceptability
Is that an acceptable compromise?
We hope that this will be acceptable.
I don't think we could agree to that, unless...

Accepting a bargain We wouldn't be prepared to..., unless...
We'd be reluctant to...unless...

Appendices
Cloverdale’s Characters
Sudoku Inglés
Most Common Irregular Verbs
Pronunciation of Common Regular Verbs
Common Errors by Spanish Speakers

Cloverdale’s Characters Vaughan S Y S T E M S
Philip Johnson
Yesterday, Phillip Johnson had a busy morning.
He usually gets up at 7:30 every morning, but
yesterday he got up at 7:00 because his wife,
Nancy, had to leave home very early to take
a report to a client of hers 70 miles from
Lincoln. Nancy left home at 7:25 and Phillip
made breakfast for himself and for the
children. Usually Nancy makes breakfast for
all three, but yesterday was an exception.
Phillip took a shower and had breakfast
before the children got up. He prepared fried
eggs and toast for Michael and Denise and at
8:30 he took them to school. He got to the
office at ten minutes past nine. He had three
meetings during the morning. The first one
was at 10 o’clock with the bank’s lawyer.They
discussed a problem with an important client
who wanted to suspend payments on a loan.
They decided to wait until the meeting of the
bank’s Board of Directors to make a final best in Nebraska and Phillip knew the man department. He went to lunch with the chief
decision. At 11:30, he received the owner of very well and trusted him. At 12:00, Phillip commercial officer at 12:30.They had lunch in
a ceramic factory near Lincoln. The man met with the chief commercial officer of the a small restaurant near the office.
needed $500,000 to add a new building to bank to discuss a salary question concerning
his factory. The ceramic factory was one the one of the employees in the commercial
1. Did Phillip have a busy morning yesterday? 14. What time did he leave home? meeting?
2. Did he get up at the usual time? 15. Did he leave home alone? 28. What did they decide to do?
3. What time did he get up? 16. Who did he leave home with? 29. What time was his second meeting?
4. What time does he usually get up? 17. Why did he leave home with his children? 30. Who did Phillip receive?
5. Why did he get up earlier than usual? 18. What time did he get to the office? 31. How much money did the man need?
6. Why did Nancy have to leave home early? 19. Did he have any meetings during the 32. What did he need the money for?
7. How far was the client from their home? morning? 33. What can you say about the ceramic
8. What time did Nancy leave home? 20. How many meetings did he have? factory?
9. Who prepared breakfast for Phillip? 21. Was the first meeting at 9:30? 34. What was Phillip’s relationship with the man?
10. Who usually makes breakfast? 22. What time was the first meeting? 35. Who did Phillip meet with at 12 o’clock?
11. Was yesterday an exception? 23. Was the meeting with a salesman? 36. What did they discuss?
12. What did Phillip do before the children 24. Who was the first meeting with? 37. How long did the meeting last?
got up? 25. Did they discuss a problem? 38. What time did Phillip go to lunch?
13. What did he prepare his children for 26. What was the problem? 39. Who did he have lunch with?
breakfast? 27. Did they make a final decision during the 40. Where did they have lunch?

Nancy Johnson
Yesterday morning wasn’t a normal morning
for Nancy Johnson. She usually gets up at
7:30, but yesterday she got up at 6:30. She
took a shower, got dressed, and had
breakfast in less than 45 minutes. She left
home at 7:25 because she had to drive 70
miles to the west of Lincoln to deliver an
interior design plan to John Evans, the owner
of a house that she is decorating. Mr. Evans
needed to give the plan to the company
that is building a new master bedroom for
him and his wife. Nancy had to deliver it
early in the morning because she didn’t have
any time the rest of the day to drive to Mr.
Evans’ house. Her problem was that she had
to be at the technical school where she
teaches interior design at 10 o’clock, when
her first class started.The technical school is
20 miles east of Lincoln, so Nancy had to
drive a total of 160 miles before 10:00. She
drove relatively fast and got to Mr. Evans’ She had to drive 90 miles in an hour and minutes to ten. She had a quick coffee with
house at 8:35. She spent ten minutes talking fifteen minutes. Fortunately, Lincoln is a one of the other teachers and entered her
to him about some details of the plan and relatively small city and there isn’t a lot of class at two minutes past ten.
then started her drive to the school at 8:45. traffic. She got to the school at exactly five
1. Did Nancy have a normal morning 13. Why didn’t Nancy deliver the plan later 22. What did she talk to him about?
yesterday? in the day? 23. What time did she leave Mr. Evans’
2. What time does she usually get up? 14. What time did she have to be at the house?
3. What time did she get up yesterday? technical school? 24. How long was the trip to the school?
15. How far is the technical school from 25. Was there a lot of traffic?
4. What did she do before having breakfast?
Lincoln? 26. Why wasn’t there a lot of traffic?
5. What time did she leave home?
16. How far is it from Mr. Evans’ house? 27. What time did Nancy get to the school?
6. How far did she have to drive to Mr. Evans’
17. Explain why she had to drive 160 miles 28. What did she have before going to her
house?
yesterday. class?
7. Is the house east or west of Lincoln?
18. Why did Nancy have to be at the school 29. Who did she have a coffee with?
8. What did she have to deliver to Mr. Evans? at 10:00?
30. What time did she enter her class?
9. Who is Mr. Evans? 19. Did she drive relatively fast or slowly?
10. What is he doing with his house? 20. What time did she get to Mr. Evans’ house?
11. Who is the new bedroom for? 21. How much time did she spend talkingto
12. Who did he need to give the design plan to? him?

Nigel Perkins
Last week, Nigel Perkins flew to Monte Carlo
with his wife to visit their son, Ronny. Nigel
and his wife go to Monte Carlo two or three
times every year between November and
March because Ronny is too busy the other
half of the year to be with them. They drove
to Gatwick Airport on Wednesday morning
and left the car at the airport parking lot.They
had first class reservations for the two-hour
flight.The plane left Gatwick on time at 11:15
and got to Monte Carlo ten minutes early, at
five minutes past one. Nigel and his wife
weren’t expecting to meet Ronny at the
airport, so they caught a taxi and went to his
apartment near the port. They were
surprised to find that their son wasn’t at
home. Nigel didn’t have a key to the cold.They decided to go to a small bookshop from the bookshop. He said he was sorry
apartment, so he and his wife spent some about 300 meters from Ronny’s apartment and told Nigel that the porter in his
time looking at the shop windows along the building. Nigel likes to spend time in apartment building had a key to his
street. After 20 minutes, they went back to bookshops, but his wife, Margaret, doesn’t, so apartment. Nigel and Margaret walked back
the apartment building and tried again. Ronny Nigel asked permission to use the telephone to the building, called the porter, and asked
still wasn’t there. The temperature was and called Ronny’s mobile number. Ronny for the key. Ronny arrived two hours later.
around 15 degrees and Nigel’s wife felt a little was in a meeting with a tour operator not far
1. What city did Nigel fly to last week? 17. Were they expecting to meet Ronny at 30. What was Margaret’s problem?
2. Who did he go with? the airport? 31. Where did they decide to go?
3. Who did they go to Monte Carlo to visit? 18. Did they catch a bus or a taxi? 32. How far was the bookshop from Ronny’s
4. How often do they fly to Monte Carlo? 19. Did they go to Ronny’s office or to his apartment?
5. In what period of the year do they go there? apartment? 33. How do Nigel and Margaret feel about
6. Why don’t they go there in the summer? 20. Where is the apartment? bookshops?
7. What airport did they leave from? 21. Was Ronny at home when they got there? 34. What did Nigel ask permission to do in
22. What was their reaction to this? the bookshop?

8. Did they drive to the airport or take a taxi?
35. What telephone number did he call?
9. What day did they fly to Monte Carlo? 23. Did they go up to the apartment?
36. Where was Ronny?
10. Where did they leave their car? 24. Why didn’t they go up to the apartment?
37. Who was he in a meeting with?
11. What kind of reservations did they have 25. What did they do?
on the flight? 38. What did he tell Nigel concerning the
26. How much time did they spend looking at
porter?
12. Did the plane leave late or on time? the shops?
39. What did Nigel and his wife do after
13. What time did it leave? 27. What did they do then?
talking to Ronny?
14. Did it get to Monte Carlo early or late? 28. Was Ronny there the second time?
40. When did Ronny get home?
15. What time did the flight arrive? 29. How was the weather that day in Monte
16. Who met them at the airport? Carlo?

Natasha Zarakovich
Last night Natasha had a big surprise.
Yesterday was her birthday and she thought
that nobody at the laboratory knew. She
didn’t want to tell them because Russian
people always bring a lot of food to the
office to celebrate and Natasha was on a
strict diet. But she didn’t remember that her
boss, Gregori, was going out a lot with one of
her best friends, Karina. Gregori and Karina
had lunch together yesterday and Karina told
him that it was Natasha’s birthday. At 4:20,
ten minutes before Natasha was planning to
go to the national library, as she does every
day, Gregori called her on the phone and
asked her to help him with a report he was
trying to get finished before 5:30. She
thought this was strange, because Gregori
doesn’t usually ask her to work late. At 4:30,
she went to his office on the third floor.
When she got there, there were 10 people
with cakes and tea waiting to celebrate her
birthday. They stayed in the office, having a vodka and a gypsy group that played folk a few minutes and then went to bed,
good time, until 7:00 p.m. Then Gregori music. They stayed at the nightclub, eating, because she had to get up early this morning
invited all of them to a nightclub in the drinking and dancing until 10:30. Natasha got to go to the laboratory. She was glad that
center of Moscow where there was good home at 11:00. She talked to her mother for today was Friday.
1. What kind of surprise did Natasha have 11. What time did Gregori call her? 23. Did they have a good time?
last night? 12. What did he ask her to help him with? 24. Where did Gregori invite them?
2. What was special for Natasha yesterday? 13. When did he say he wanted to finish the 25. Where was the nightclub?
3. What did she think concerning the report? 26. Was there good vodka or good brandy at
people at the lab? 14. Did Natasha think this was normal or the club?
4. Did she want to tell them about her strange? 27. What kind of music did the gypsy group
birthday? 15. Why did she think this was strange? play?
5. Why didn’t she want to tell them? 16. Where did she go at 4:30? 28. What did they do at the nightclub?
6. Why didn’t she want to eat a lot of food? 17. Where is Gregori’s office? 29. What time did they leave the nightclub?
7. What didn’t she remember about her 18. How many people were there when she 30. What time did Natasha go home?
boss, Gregori? got there? 31. What did she do before she went to bed?
8. What did Gregori and Karina do yesterday? 19. Were they waiting for her or for Gregori? 32. How long did she talk to her mother?
9. What did Karina tell him? 20. What did they want to celebrate? 33. Did she have to get up early or late this
10. What time was Natasha planning to go to 21. What did they have waiting for her? morning?
the library? 22. How long did they stay in the office? 34. What was she glad about this morning?

Inés García
Yesterday, Inés García had a traffic accident.
It happened at about 5:45 p.m. when she
was driving to the University of Seville for
her evening course in Business Management
and Finance. The accident was her fault. She
was driving her car, a Ford Puma, through
the narrow streets in the center of Seville. At
the same time, she was a talking with Paco,
her boyfriend, on her mobile telephone. She
was listening to her boyfriend and didn’t
notice a stop sign in front of her. She ran the
stop sign and another car hit her on the
passenger side. Fortunately, it was a small car
too, an Opel Corsa, and, as a result, the
accident wasn’t serious. Inés cut her phone
conversation and got out of the car. She
went to the other car to speak to the driver. say anything. He was tall and very attractive. paperwork in less than ten minutes. Then,
She was happy to see that the other driver He seemed like a very pleasant person. Inés the young Frenchman, whose name was
was a young man, probably the same age as usually talks a lot, but this time she didn’t François Monet, invited her to have a coffee
Inés. When he got out of his car, he smiled know what to say.The young man asked her in a coffee shop across the street. Inés
and said hello in Spanish but with a French if she had her car papers. Inés went back to accepted and disconnected her mobile
accent. Inés simply looked at him and didn’t her car and got the papers.They finished the telephone.
1. What happened to Inés yesterday? 17. What kind of car was it? hello to her?
2. Did it happen in the morning? 18. What can you say about the accident? 31. Describe the man physically.
3. When did it happen? 19. Why wasn’t the accident serious? 32. Did he seem like a pleasant or unpleasant
4. Where was she going at the time? 20. What did Inés do regarding her phone person?
5. Why was she going to the University? conversation? 33. Does Inés usually talk a lot or very little?
6. Whose fault was the accident? 21. Did she get out of her car or stay in it? 34. Did she talk a lot this time too?
7. What kind of car was she driving? 22. Did she go to the other car or stay next 35. Why didn’t she talk a lot?
8. What part of Seville was she driving through? to hers? 36. What did the young man ask her?
9. What can you say about the streets in that 23. Why did she go to the other car? 37. Did Inés go back to her car or call her
area? 24. Why was she happy when she saw the boyfriend?
10. What was she doing while she was driving? other driver? 38. What did she get from her car?
11. Who was she talking to? 25. How old was the other driver? 39. How long did it take them to finish the
12. What didn’t she notice in front of her? 26. Did the other driver smile when he got paperwork?
13. Did she run the stop sign or did she stop out of his car? 40. What was the young Frenchman’s name?
in time? 27. What did he say to Inés when he got out 41. What did he invite her to have with him?
14. Did she hit another car or did another of his car? 42. Where was the coffee shop?
car hit her? 28. Did he say hello in Spanish or in French? 43. Did Inés accept or reject the invitation?
15. Where did the other car hit her? 29. What kind of accent did he have? 44. What did she do concerning her mobile
16. Was the other car big or small? 30. What did Inés do when the man said telephone?

SUDOKU INGLÉS 1 Vaughan
S Y S T E M S

S Y S T E M S

S Y S T E M S

S Y S T E M S

S Y S T E M S

Most Common Irregular Verbs Vaughan
S Y S T E M S
am, is, are was, were been lead led led
become became become leave left left
begin began begun lend lent lent
blow blew blown let let let
break broke broken lose lost lost
bring brought brought make made made
build built built mean meant meant
buy bought bought meet met met
catch caught caught pay paid paid
choose chose chosen put put put
come came come quit quit quit
cost cost cost read read read
cut cut cut ring rang rung
deal with dealt with dealt with rise rose risen
do did done run ran run
drink drank drunk see saw seen
drive drove driven sell sold sold
eat ate eaten send sent sent
fall fell fallen set set set
feel felt felt shut shut shut
fight fought fought sit sat sat
find found found sleep slept slept
fly flew flown speak spoke spoken
forget forgot forgotten spend spent spent
get got got/gotten stand stood stood
give gave given steal stole stolen
go went gone take took taken
grow grew grown teach taught taught
have had had tell told told
hear heard heard think thought thought
hold held held throw threw thrown
hurt hurt hurt understand understood understood
keep kept kept wear wore worn
know knew known win won won

Pronunciation of Common Regular Verbs Vaughan S Y S T E M S
There are many more important verbs not listed here, but these, barring an oversight, are the most commonly used.
Hard “d” sound “t” sound “id” sound (additional syllable)
Agreed Asked Accepted

Allowed Checked Acted
Answered Cooked Added
Appeared Crossed Attended
Arrived Danced Attracted
Believed Escaped Avoided
Belonged Finished Contacted
Called Helped Counted
Carried Hoped Created
Changed Jumped Decided
Cleaned Laughed Depended on
Closed Liked Divided
Continued Looked Eliminated
Copied Missed Existed
Covered Noticed Expanded
Cried Parked Expected
Died Passed Hated
Earned Picked Included
Enjoyed Progressed Insisted
Explained Promised Invented
Followed Pushed Invited
Gained Reached Landed
Happened Stopped Lifted
Joined Talked Lasted
Listened to Walked Needed
Lived Washed Pointed
Moved Watched Printed
Offered Wished Rented
Owned Worked Rested
Planned Shouted
Prepared Started
Played Treated
Preferred Waited
Pulled Wanted
Rained Wasted
Raised
Received
Retired
Saved
Seemed
Served
Showed
Smiled
Snowed
Stayed
Studied
Tried
Used
Worried

Common Errors By Spanish Speakers Vaughan S Y S T E M S
The following list outlines some of the most common problems for Spanish speakers caused by direct translation.
SPANGLISH ENGLISH - CORRECT VERSION!!
To depend of something To depend on something
To spend money in something To spend money on something
To pay something To pay for something
To buy to someone To buy from someone
To work in something To work on something
To focus in something To focus on something
To know to do something To know how to do something
To be related with something To be related to something
To be committed with something To be committed to something
Near of/from somewhere Near somewhere
Close of/from somewhere Close to somewhere
To be based in something To be based on something
To be responsible of something To be responsible for something
To be the guilty (I’m the guilty) To be one’s fault (It’s my fault)
According with someone According to someone
I must to study I must study (NEVER to)
I can to swim I can swim (NEVER to)
I will to go I will go (NEVER to)
Tell to us Tell us (NEVER to)
Ask to him Ask him (NEVER to)

Call to Mary Call Mary (NEVER to)
I am agreed I agree
Are you agreed? Do you agree?
To explain you To explain to you (ALWAYS to someone)
To listen me To listen to me (ALWAYS to someone)
To listen it To listen to it (ALWAYS to something)
To propose them To propose to them (ALWAYS to someone)
An important problem A big problem
The best important The most important
The important is... The important thing is...
To do a purchase To make a purchase
To make a travel To make/take a trip
To make a question To ask a question
To make business To do business
To make research To do/carry out research
To take a drink/meal To have a drink/meal
To arrive to an agreement To come to/reach an agreement
To get an objective To reach/achieve an objective
To have sense To make sense
People is People ARE
Persons People
We are three There are three of us

Actually (= actualmente) Currently/presently
Illusioned (= ilusionado) Hopeful/excited
Really (= en realidad) Actually
Impressing Impressive
How curious! (= Qué curioso) That’s funny/interesting
In a future In the future
Question (= asunto) Issue/matter
To discuss (= disputar) To argue
May I take lent your pen? May I borrow your pen?
To count a history To tell a story
To assist to class To attend class
To remember someone to do something To remind someone to do something
The competence (= competencia) The competition/competitors
Nothing of nothing Nothing at all
Particular lessons Private lessons
To learn English is funny Learning English is fun
Customer fidelity Customer loyalty
A familiar car A family car
Tonight (= anoche) Last night
This night (= esta noche) Tonight
All the days Everyday
All the day All day (long)

During 4 years For 4 years
It’s for this reason that... That’s why...
It’s the same It doesn’t matter
the same than/that The same as
different that Different than
I have 21 years I am 21 years old
10% of discount A 10% discount
10 thousands of people 10 thousand people
1 thousand million (= 1,000 million) 1 billion [U.S.A.]

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VAUGHAN

PAGE 18 Vocabulary Booklet 2

PAGE 46 Presentations and Public Speaking

PAGE 63 Cloverdale’s Characters

PAGE 68 Sudoku Inglés

PAGE 73 Most Common Irregular Verbs

PAGE 74 Pronunciation of Common Regular Verbs

PAGE 75 Common Errors by Spanish Speakers

9. Ha habido un malentendido. There’s been a misunderstanding.

10. Ha habido varios casos. There have been several cases.

12. Debe de haber una solución. There must be a solution.

15. Debería haber más sillas. There should be more chairs.

19. No parece haber una solución. There doesn’t seem to be a solution.

25. Puede que haya una solución. There may be a solution.

c Vaughan Systems, 2004. Reservados todos los derechos. PAGE 3

1. Que lo haga así. Have her do it this way.

2. Quieren que lo hagas así. They want you to do it this way.

3. Yo quisiera que lo hicieras así. I’d like you to do it this way.

4. Te dije que lo hicieras así. I told you to do it this way.

5. No lo hagas por favor. Don’t do it please.

6. Diles que no me molesten. Tell them not to bother me.

8. No le molestéis. Don’t bother him.

9. No quiero que le molestéis. I don’t want you to bother him.

11. Pídeles que no me molesten. Ask them not to bother me.

13. Enséñamelo. Show it to me.

14. No me lo enseñes. Don’t show it to me.

15. Dile que me lo enseñe. Tell him to show it to me.

16. Dile que no me lo enseñe. Tell him not to show it to me.

17. Quiero que me lo enseñes. I want you to show it to me.

18. Que me llamen. Have them call me.

20. Que lo hagan de nuevo. Have them do it again.

21. Que lo comprueben. Have them check it.

22. Que se haga. Have it done.

23. Que se pinte. Have it painted.

24. Que se mande a esta dirección. Have it sent to this address.

25. Que se imprima. Have it printed.

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1. Quiero que me lo den en mano. I want them to give it to me in hand.

4. Quiero que seamos amigos. I want us to be friends.

5. ¿Qué quieren ellos que hagamos? What do they want us to do?

6. ¿Qué esperan que yo haga? What do they expect me to do?

7. ¿Cuándo esperan que lo terminemos? When do they expect us to finish it?

9. Quiero que lo busques. I want you to look for it.

10. Él quiere que yo lo busque. He wants me to look for it.

16. Queremos que llueva. We want it to rain.

17. Quiero que se haga realidad. I want it to come true.

18. Quiero que ocurra pronto. I want it to happen soon.

19. Quiero que dure. I want it to last.

23. Quiero que el trabajo se haga. I want the job to be done.

24. Quiero que la reunión se posponga. I want the meeting to be postponed.

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1. No dejes que ello te deprima. Don’t let it get you down.

3. Te acostumbrarás a mi estilo. You’ll get used to my style.

4. Me perdí. I got lost.

5. Larguémonos de aquí. Let’s get out of here.

6. Tardé dos meses en recuperarlo. It took me two months to get it back.

7. No estoy llegando a ninguna parte. I’m not getting anywhere.

8. Lo superé. I got over it.

9. Súbete al autobús. Get on the bus.

10. Bájate del autobús. Get off the bus.

11. Bájate del árbol. Get down from the tree.

12. Aléjate del humo. Get away from the smoke.