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Eu também fugia da gramática por muitos anos até que cansei de me sentir frustrada e cansada
de chutar toda vez que eu precisava conjugar um verbo ou usar uma preposição.
Talvez você se identifique com isso. “I’m AT my office?” ou “I’m IN my office?” “Qual é a diferença
entre essas preposições?”
E esse verbo GET? Parece que tem mil significados diferentes! “Quando devo usá-lo? Tem
regras?”
Para mim, não existe nada mais frustrante do que ouvir a resposta “Ah, não tem regras. Você só
tem que ouvir as pessoas falando e assim você vai saber”.
Olha, tem regras, sim! E essas regras vão facilitar sua vida MUITO!
Quer apostar?
Você tem duas aulas para assistir sobre MAKE/DO e GET e garanto que se você tem dúvidas
sobre esses três verbos, você vai se sentir muito confiante no final das aulas.
Cada aula tem a versão em português e a versão em inglês. (explicação bilíngue, isso mesmo).
Bons estudos!!
MAKE X DO (PORTUGUÊS)
MAKE:
MAKE é um verbo irregular
MAKE - MADE - MADE
TO MAKE significa “criar, construir, produzir algo que não existia antes.”
Examples:
1. I made a sandwich. Do you want one, too? Eu fiz um sanduíche. Você quer um também?
2. I made a lot of mistakes on my test. Eu cometi muitos erros na minha prova.
3. They made a new plan. Eles fizeram um novo plano.
4. I love making new friends. Eu amo fazer novos amigos.
5. When you’re the boss, you sometimes need to make difficult decisions. Quando você é o
chefe, você às vezes precisa tomar decisões difíceis.
6. Excuse me, is it okay for me to make a phone call? Com licença, tudo bem se eu fizer uma
ligação?
7. The children made a huge mess. As crianças fizeram uma bagunça enorme.
8. Eating ice cream makes me happy. Tomar sorvete me faz/deixa feliz.
DO:
DO é um VERBO IRREGULAR
DO - DID - DONE
TO DO significa “executar uma ação, atividade, trabalho ou tarefa.”
Examples:
1. I have a lot of homework to do today. Tenho muita lição de casa para fazer hoje.
2. Joana did the ironing. A Joana passou roupa.
3. Can you help me with the housework? Você pode me ajudar com as tarefas domésticas?
4. Could you do the dishes for me today, please? Você poderia lavar a louça pra mim hoje,
por favor?
5. Can you do me a favor? Você pode me fazer um favor?
6. I’m getting my nails done at the salon. Eu estou fazendo as unhas no salão.
7. I need to do my hair for the party. Preciso arrumar o cabelo para a festa.
8. Do you know what can we do about this problem? Você sabe o que podemos fazer a
respeito deste problema?
Observação especial: Para dizer “arrumar minha cama”, usamos “make”, não “do”.
Ex. I make my bed every morning. Eu arrumo minha cama toda manhã.
Existem situações nas quais podemos usar “do” ou “make”, mas o significado vai ser
diferente!
Examples:
1. As a teacher, I MAKE exercises. (Como professora, eu crio exercícios para os meus alunos)
As a student, I DO exercises. (Como aluno, eu executo a tarefa que a professora me deu,
resolvendo os exercícios).
2. When I cook, I MAKE lunch for my family. (Eu pego ingredientes e crio os pratos do
almoço com eles).
When I invite someone to have lunch with me, I can say “let’s DO lunch!” (Quando eu
convido alguém para almoçar comigo, eu posso dizer “let’s do lunch” para expressar que vamos
juntos executar a ação de almoçarmos juntos).
REVISANDO: quando queremos expressar que estamos CRIANDO ou produzindo algo que
não existia antes, usamos MAKE. Quando queremos expressar que estamos EXECUTANDO
uma tarefa ou ação, usamos DO.
MAKE X DO (ENGLISH)
MAKE:
MAKE is an IRREGULAR VERB
MAKE - MADE - MADE
TO MAKE means to create; to construct; to produce; cause something else to happen
Examples:
1. We made dinner! Are you hungry?
2. Would you like me to make some tea?
3. They made plans to travel, but they ended up not being able to go.
4. I love making new friends.
5. Making decisions can be hard.
6. Please excuse me, I need to make an emergency phone call.
7. My son made me buy this toy for him.
8. He decided to keep taking out the trash because it made his wife so happy.
DO:
DO is an IRREGULAR VERB
DO - DID - DONE
TO DO means to perform or execute an action or a task.
Examples:
1. I’ve lost my job! What am I going to do now?
2. Okay, everyone, we have a lot of things to do today, so let’s get started.
3. I like this plan you came up with! Let’s do it!
4. Could you do the dishes for me today, please?
5. I’ve done all my homework for today.
6. What are you doing this weekend? I’m getting my nails done.
7. I intend to do some housework, and then rest a little.
8. Do you know what can we do about this problem?
Special note: We use “make,” not “do,” when we arrange the pillows and blankets on our beds.
Ex: I make my bed every morning.
There are situations in which we can use “do” or “make,” but the meaning will be different!
Examples:
1. As a teacher, I MAKE exercises. (I create them for my students.)
As a student, I DO exercises (I perform the task given to me by my teacher.)
2. When I cook, I MAKE lunch for my family. (I buy the ingredients and create dishes with them.)
When I invite someone to have lunch with me, I can say “let’s DO lunch!” (We’re going to
perform the activity of eating lunch together)
6. GET - (ENTENDER)
EXEMPLOS:
1. “Did you get what he said?” Você entendeu o que ele disse?
2. “Yes, I got it.” Sim, entendi.
3. “My parents don’t get me at all.” Meus pais não me entendem nem um pouco.
4. “It took a while, but we got the concept.” Levou um tempinho, mas entendemos o
conceito.
7. GET - (TER)
* has/have got = have (Informalmente “have got” vira só “got”)
EXEMPLOS:
1. I’ve got $10 in my wallet./I got $10 in my wallet. = I have $10 in my wallet. Eu tenho
dez dólares na minha carteira.
2. What have you got in your suitcase?/What do you got in your suitcase? = What do
you have in your suitcase?” O que você tem na sua mala?
3. “We’ve got a lot of work to do./We got a lot of work to do. = We have a lot of work
to do. Temos muito trabalho a fazer.
4. “Joseph has got a beautiful new daughter./Joseph’s got a beautiful new daughter.
= Joseph has a beautiful new daughter. O Joseph tem uma linda filhinha nova.
2. GET UP - levantar-se
a. Get up! It’s time for school. Levante-se! Está na hora da escola.
6. GET – UNDERSTAND
1. Did you get what he said?
2. I don’t get it.
3. Nobody gets me! They all think I’m crazy!
4. After hours of studying, I finally got how to do the Chemistry problems.
7. GET - HAVE - * has/have got = have (“have got” = “got” in informal language)
1. I’ve got $10. /I got $10 in my wallet. = I have $10.
2. Whoa! That woman has got a lot of money! Look at all her jewelry! = That woman has
a lot of money.
3. We’ve only got 30 minutes to finish this project. = We only have 30 minutes to finish
this project.
4. We’ve got a lot of work to do! = We have a lot of work to do!
BONUS MEANING!
GET: TO HAVE THE PRIVILEGE OF DOING SOMETHING
2. GET UP – move from a sitting or lying down position, wake up (stop sleeping)
a. Time to get up and go to school!
EXEMPLOS:
You’re Italian, aren’t you? Você é italiano, não é?
They don’t live in Japan, do they? Eles não moram no Japão, moram/né?
Para formar uma TAG QUESTION, usamos o verbo auxiliar (negativo se a frase estiver no afirm-
ativo, e afirmativo se a frase estiver no negativo) mais o SUBJECT PRONOUN equivalente ao
sujeito da frase.
Revisando:
Os “Subject Pronouns” são: I / you / he / she / it / we / they / you
Verb to be:
It’s hot today, isn’t it? (Está quente hoje, né?)
Simple Present:
Joana works here, doesn’t she? (A Joana trabalha aqui, não trabalha/né?)
Simple Past:
You studied a lot yesterday, didn’t you? (Você estudou muito ontem, não estudou/né?)
Past Continuous
She was talking to him, wasn’t she? (Ela estava conversando com ele, não estava/né?)
Present Perfect
You have lived here for two years, haven’t you? (Você mora aqui há dois anos, não mora/né?)
Past Perfect:
He had already left the meeting, hadn’t he? (Ele já tinha saído da reunião, não tinha/né?)
Modal verbs
You can come tomorrow, can’t you? (Você pode vir amanhã, não pode/né?)
Marlon would tell us the truth, wouldn’t he? (O Marlon contaria a verdade pra nós, não contaria/né?)
Future time
They will miss their flight, won’t they? (Eles vão perder o voo, não vão/né?)
Future Perfect
You will have finished the project by tomorrow, won’t you? (Você vai ter terminado o projeto até
amanhã, não vai/né?)
Verb to be:
It’s not hot very today, is it? (Não está muito quente hoje, né?)
Simple Present:
You don’t work here anymore, do you? (Você não trabalha mais aqui, trabalha/né?)
Simple Past:
You didn’t study very much, did you? (Você não estudou muito, estudou/né?)
Past Continuous
She wasn’t talking to him, was she? (Ela não estava conversando com ele, estava/né?)
Present Perfect
They haven’t traveled much, have they? (Eles não têm viajado muito, tem/né?)
Past Perfect:
He hadn’t left the meeting, had he? (Ele não tinha saído da reunião, tinha/né?)
Modal verbs
You can’t come, can you? (Você não pode vir, pode/né?)
Marlon wouldn’t lie to us, would he? (O Marlon não mentiria pra nós, mentiria/né?)
Future time
They won’t travel, will they? (Eles não vão viajar, vão/né?)
Future Perfect
You won’t have finished the project by tomorrow, will you? (Você não vai ter terminado o projeto
até amanhã, vai/né?)
Pegadinha: Quando temos uma frase afirmativa com tag question negativa com verb “to be” no
presente em primeira pessoa, a frase vai ficar assim:
Quando a frase estiver negativa, com a tag question afirmativa, a construção vai ficar normal:
Com certeza você vai perceber que essas “tag questions” são muito usadas!
EXAMPLES:
You’re Italian, aren’t you?
They don’t live in Japan, do they?
To make a TAG QUESTION, we use the auxiliary verb plus the SUBJECT PRONOUN that
corresponds to the subject of the sentence.
Remember:
Affirmative sentence, negative tag.
Negative sentence, affirmative tag.
Review:
The “Subject Pronouns” are I / you / he / she / it / we / they / you
Verb to be:
It’s hot today, isn’t it?
Simple Present:
Joana works here, doesn’t she?
Simple Past:
You studied a lot yesterday, didn’t you?
Past Continuous
She was talking to him, wasn’t she?
Present Perfect
You have lived here for two years, haven’t you?
Past Perfect
He had already left the meeting, hadn’t he?
Modal verbs
You can come tomorrow, can’t you?
Marlon would tell us the truth, wouldn’t he?
Future time
They will miss their flight, won’t they?
They are going to miss their flight, aren’t they?
Future Perfect
You will have finished the project by tomorrow, won’t you?
Verb to be:
It’s not very hot today, is it?
Simple Present:
You don’t work here anymore, do you?
Simple Past:
You didn’t study very much, did you?
Past Continuous
She wasn’t talking to him, was she?
Present Perfect
They haven’t travelled much, have they?
Past Perfect:
He hadn’t already left the meeting, had he?
Modal verbs
You can’t come, can you?
Marlon wouldn’t lie to us, would he?
Future time
They won’t miss their flight, will they?
They aren’t going to miss their flight, are they?
Future Perfect
You won’t have finished the project by tomorrow, will you?
Be careful! When we have an affirmative sentence with a negative tag question using “to be”
in present tense with the first person, the structure will be like this:
*You could also say “am I not” in these situations, but this sounds very formal and is rarely used.
When the sentence is negative, with an affirmative tag question, the structure will be nor-
mal:
The next time you’re listening to an interview or watching TV, try to pay attention
to how many times you hear people using tag questions.
Awesome job!!