Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Metabolismo
Gliconeogênese
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Controle Hormonal
Glicólise X Gliconeogênese
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O ciclo de Cori
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O Glicogênio
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A Glicogenólise
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Regulação - a glicogênio fosforilase
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O Glucagon
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A Glicogênese
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A Insulina
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Integrando
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Mobilização dos triacilgliceróis
armazenados
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Oxidação dos Lipídios
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Destino do glicerol
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Ativação do ácido graxo
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Lançadeira da carnitina
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cetoacidose
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Ciclo alimentação/jejum
Prof. Dorival Filho
Período de Saciedade
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Período Pós-absortivo
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Período de Jejum
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Período de Fome ou Jejum
Prolongado
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Síntese de ácidos graxos
Como ocorre
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Síntese de malonil-CoA
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Mecanismo
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Metabolismo de aminoácidos
Destino dos aminoácidos
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Degradação oxidativa dos aminoácidos
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Destino da amina excedente
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Ciclo alanina - glicose
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O Fígado
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O ciclo da ureia
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Regulação
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Exercícios
Prof. Dorival Filho
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B) A carnitina é importante para o transporte do E) A alanina e a glutamina servem como
ácido graxo do citosol para a matriz mitocondrial moléculas transportadoras da amônia dos tecidos
onde ocorre a β oxidação. extra-hepáticos para o fígado.
C) A β oxidação do ácido palmítico (16:0) produz 7
NADH + H+ e 7 FADH2, os quais, na cadeia Questão
respiratória, produzem 28 moléculas de ATP.
D) A β oxidação ocorre por ciclos, com a liberação Sobre o destino do grupo amino dos aminoácidos,
de acetil-CoA, e cada ciclo possui quatro passos é INCORRETO a rmar:
básicos (desidrogenação, hidratação, redução e A) O grupo α-amino dos aminoácidos pode ser
tiolise). utilizado nas vias biossintéticas, e o excesso é
E) A β oxidação do ácido palmítico (16:0) consiste convertido em ureia que é o produto de excreção
de 7 ciclos e produz 8 moléculas de acetil-CoA. de amônia, nos mamíferos.
B) O grupo α-amino da maioria dos aminoácidos
por ação de aminotransferases é transferido para o
Questão α-cetoglutarato, formando o glutamato, que
Sobre a regulação do metabolismo de lipídeos, é funciona como reservatório temporário de grupos
INCORRETO a rmar: amino.
A) A carnitina aciltranferase I, enzima regulatória C) O ciclo da ureia ocorre na matriz mitocondrial e
da oxidação de ácidos graxos é inibida pelo no citosol das células hepáticas e é processo
malonil-CoA, intermediário da síntese de ácidos consumidor de energia.
graxos, o qual é sintetizado quando o animal está D) A amônia (primeiro nitrogênio para a ureia)
bem nutrido. entra no ciclo após a condensação com o
B) A acetil-CoA carboxilase (ACC) é uma enzima bicarbonato, para formar o carbamoil fosfato, e a
regulatória da síntese de ácidos graxos e é ativada leucina é o doador do segundo nitrogênio para a
por fosforilação acionada pelo glucagon, hormônio formação da ureia.
hiperglicemiante. E) A de ciência de enzimas envolvidas na
C) A β-hidroxi-β-metilglutaril-CoA redutase é a formação da ureia resulta em hiperamonemia, alta
enzima de controle da síntese do colesterol; o concentração de amônia no sangue, o que pode
glucagon estimula a inativação e a insulina levar a sérios problemas cerebrais.
estimula a ativação dessa enzima.
D) A lipase presente no tecido adiposo é ativada
via cascata AMPc, quando o organismo sinaliza
que está necessitando de energia.
E) Os corpos cetônicos são produzidos quando a
β oxidação resulta em excesso de acetil-CoA e
não há disponibilidade de oxaloacetato, o que
corre devido a um jejum prolongado e no diabetes.
Questão
Sobre o catabolismo de aminoácidos, é
INCORRETO a rmar:
A) Os esqueletos carbônicos dos aminoácidos
entram em vias metabólicas, podendo ser
conduzidos para a gliconeogênese, para a
cetogênese ou podem ser completamente
oxidados a CO2 e H2O.
B) Os esqueletos carbônicos de aminoácidos que
são degradados por vias que originam
intermediários do ciclo de Krebs são considerados
glicogênicos.
C) Os esqueletos carbônicos de alguns
aminoácidos degradados por vias que originam
piruvato são glicogênicos e potencialmente
cetogênicos.
D) Os esqueletos carbônicos dos aminoácidos são
usados como principal fonte de energia quando a
dieta é rica em carboidratos e também em
situações de desnutrição.
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