Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
9 No.
1, 2005
ISSN
1413-3555
Rev. bras. fisioter. Vol. 9, No. 1 (2005), 1-7
Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia
Centro Universitrio Baro de Mau, Ribeiro Preto, Centro Universitrio Central Paulista,
UNICEP, So Carlos, SP, Brasil
3
Correspondncia para: Anamaria Siriani de Oliveira, Hospital das Clnicas, 11o andar,
Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeiro Preto, SP, CEP 14049-900, e-mail: siriani@fmrp.usp.br
Recebido: 8/9/2003 Aceito: 11/11/2004
RESUMO
Contexto: A iontoforese uma tcnica no invasiva de administrao de agentes inicos teraputicos que utiliza corrente eltrica
para prover uma maneira controlada de aumentar a transferncia. Objetivo: Apresentar uma perspectiva histrica e os principais
fundamentos tericos envolvidos na transferncia por iontoforese, a fim de incentivar o fisioterapeuta prtica racional e investigao
cientfica. Mtodos: O artigo foi elaborado como uma reviso da literatura relativa aos fundamentos para iontoforese. Resultados:
So descritos os termos relativos instrumentao, os mecanismos de transferncia, a estimativa de penetrao inica e os principais
fatores que influenciam a tcnica. Concluso: A iontoforese constitui uma alternativa para potencializar a transferncia de substncias
ionizveis, garantindo nveis de concentrao superiores difuso passiva no facilitada pela corrente eltrica, suficientes para
desencadear os efeitos teraputicos desejados.
Palavras-chave: iontoforese, fisioterapia, aplicao medicamentosa transdermal.
ABSTRACT
Theoretical background to iontophoresis
Background: Iontophoresis is a noninvasive technique for administering therapeutic ionic agents in which an electric current is
introduced to provide a controlled manner for enhancing transdermal drug delivery. Objective: To present a historical perspective
and the principal theoretical background involved in iontophoresis, in order to stimulate physiotherapists to use it more frequently
in their daily practice and for scientific investigation as well. Methods: This article was prepared as a review of the literature relating
to the theoretical background for iontophoresis. Results: Terms related to iontophoresis instrumentation, delivery mechanisms, ionic
penetration estimation and the main factors that influence this transdermal delivery technique are described. Conclusion: Iontophoresis
is an alternative technique for delivering ionic substances, thus ensuring concentration levels that are greater than by passive diffusion
unassisted by electric current, and thus sufficient for triggering the desired therapeutic effects.
Key words: iontophoresis, physical therapy, transdermal drug delivery.
INTRODUO
A iontoforese uma tcnica no invasiva que usa potencial
(< 5V) ou corrente eltrica (0,1 a 1 mA/cm2) para prover uma
maneira controlada de aumentar a transferncia transdermal
de uma variedade de drogas.1,2 O pioneiro na descrio do
mtodo foi Pivati, em 1747, porm, seu uso na administrao
de drogas tornou-se popular no incio do sculo XX, quando
Le Duc3 introduziu o termo iontoterapia e formulou hipteses
(1)
*Equivalente-grama de um elemento qumico a massa deste elemento que capaz de reagir com 1 grama de hidrognio ou 8 gramas de
oxignio.
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